The Barnwell people-sentinel. (Barnwell, S.C.) 1925-current, October 17, 1935, Image 2
-Jt
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The Barnwell Pc»ple-3—tfrcU Bniwell S. Thursday, October 17, 193S
I' 1
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News Review of Current
Events the World Over
' .* «
Italian Trpops Invade Ethiopia and the War Begins—»
Mussolini Warns Nations ^ot to Interfere—
Craig Made Chief of Staff.
By EDWARD W. PICKARD
C Weitern Newspaper Union.
V
TI^ATt Is on In east Africa. Mus-
^y sollnl’s troops In Krltrea Invaded
Ethiopia because, according to a note
he sent the League of Nations, of the
Ethiopian mobilization,
though this was not
ordered until after the
Balt ngheta
Hsroul
Ttattans had crossed
the border and occu
pied strategic positions
south of Mt Mussa
All.
Baltlngheta Heroui,
the Ethiopian foreign
minister, sent to the
league this message:
“A telegram received
October 3 from Ras
Seyum, Informs the
Imperial government that Italian mil
itary airplanes this morfting bombard
ed Aduwa and Adigrat, leaving many
victims among the civilian population,
Including women and children, and de
stroying numerous houses.
"A battle Is at thlsTnoroent taking
place In the province of Agame.
"These events, occurring on Ethi
opian" Territory, constitute a violation
of the empire’s frontier, and a breach
of the covenant of the league, through
Italian aggression.”
r A Reuters dispatch from Addis
Ababa said the Italian force advanc
ing on Agame had been defeated, but
this report probably was false.
The Italians, moving south from the
Asmara region, crossed the \Lareb riv
er frontier at widely separated points
and converged In heavy columns to
ward Aduwa, the scene of the terrific
Italian defeat 3‘J years ago. Govern
ment authorities in Rome at first de
nied that Adua and Adigrat had been
bombed, but this action was reported
by American correspondents with the
Italian army.
Halle Selassie's order for general
mobilization was carried throughout
the empire by the ominous beating of
the war drums, and his eager warriors
responded by the hundred thousand.
The emperor's first war order was to
his chieftain. Ras Kabada, and three
other generals, to take 50,000 men to
ML Mussa All. The defense In the
North was entrusted to the Negradas'
of Wollacho. It was estimated at Ad
dis Ababa that the emperor could
count on the services of about L2b0.-
000 fighting men, and the women also
are ready for active work In the con
flict
S imultaneously with the open
ing of hostilities In Ethiopia, Mus
solini gave the signal for tremendous
mass gatherings of all Fascists In
Italy. Millions of Black Shirts in all
the cities dropped everything and as
sembled to cheer for the Duce and his
African adventure. From the balcony
of the Venezia palace In Rome the
premier shouted the words that com
mitted his nation to a policy that may
mean either victory or ruin. He reit
erated his determination to seize ter
ritory from Ethiopia but declared he
would do everything possible to pre
vent the campaign from bringing on a
European war. But he warned the
League of Nations and all nations to
keep their hands off, saying:
“To sanctions of an economic char
acter we reply with our discipline, our
sobriety, and our spirit of sacrifice.
To sanctions of a military character
we will reply wMth measures of mil
itary character. To acts of war we
will reply with acts of war.”
Summoned hastily to a meeting of
the league council In Geneva, the
statesmen of Europe found themselves
confronted by the fact that an unde
clared war was being waged by a
league member against a league mem
ber. Article XVI of the league cove
nant provides for severe penalties for
such a war when the aggressor has
been determined. The sanctions range
through an economic and financial
boycott to final military penalties. Be
fore going to Geneva. Anthony Eden
of Great Britain conferred with Pre
mier Laval of France Id Paris. He had
Instructions to throw the full support
of his movement behind league efforts
to ls<date/Or halt the conflict In Af
rica. French officials believed that If
sanctions were applied by the league,
they would be only economic, which
would shut off loans and raw ‘mate
rials from Italy. The mobilization of
the British navy In the Mediterranean
and the Red sea continued with ac
celerated speed.
F IRM assurance that the United
States would not be drawn Into a
foreign war was given by President
Roosevelt In his address at San Diego.
He said:
“We not only earnestly desire peace
but we are moved by a stern deter
mination to avoid those perils that will
endanger our peace with the world.
As President of the United States I
say to you most earnestly once more
that the people of America and the
government of those people Intend and
expect to remain at peace with all the
world.”
In Washington Secretary of State
Hull made a strong plea for peace, de
claring that economic recovery Is be
ing retarded by International political
uncertainty. He warned that world
political stability cannot be achieved
without a revival of world trade and
that war will block trade.
B ULGARIAN conspirators formed an
elaborate plot to assassinate King
Boris HI jaad seize control of the gov-
ernment, but they were foiled and
many persons were arrested. Among
them were 27 army officers and formei;
Premier Kimon Gueorguleff.
Sources close t/t the governmenlT3e-
clared an attack was to have beer
made on the king as he appeared be
fore his subjects to review a parade
In celebration of the anniversary, of
his accession to the throne.. March
ing soldlers were to have been without
ammunition, and In the confusion fol
lowing the attack the plotters hoped
to take control of the arsenal and pub
lic buildings.
Gen. Matin
Craig
M AJ. GEN. MAUN CRAIG, a vet
eran of two wars and command
ant of the war college, was appointed
chief of staff of the American army by
President Roosevelt.
He took office immedi
ately, succeeding Gen.
Douglas MacArthur
who is on his way to
the Philippines to be
military adviser to the
new Island common
wealth. Craig is ad
vanced to full general
ship.
Born In St. Joseph,
Mo., In 1875, Craig was
graduated from West
Point In 1898.'
Immediately afterward he saw serv
ice in Cuba during the Spanlsh-Amerl-
can war, and In June, 1900, participat
ed In the China relief expedition made
necessary by the Boxer outbreak. Aft
er service In various army posts In this
country, Craig, upon American en
trance Into the World war in 1917, was
assigned as chief of staff of the Forty-
first division and sailed with that out
fit for France.
Later he became chief of staff of
the First army corps, serving In that
position until the armistice was
signed.
For his fine work In the World war
he received the Distinguished Service
medal, and be also was given the Le
gion of Honor and Croix De Guerre of
France, Order of the Bath of England,
Order of the Crown of Belgium, and
Order of the Crown of Italy.
President
Roosevelt
T REASURY report for three months
ending September 30 showed a first-
quarter deficit of $832,000,000. Th's
was 34 per cent greater than for th-*
corresponding period a year ago which
at that time was a record deficit Ex
pendltufes for the quarter amounted to
$1,830,000,000. This was an average
of about $20,000,000 a day.
The deficit occurred In spite of In
creased taxes and other revenues In
cident to Improved business. Total
revenues for the three months were
$998,000,000 compared with $954,000,-
000 In the corresponding period of the
preceding fiscal year.
A substantial amount of the In
crease In expenditures was due to
AAA payments to farmers. Increased
army, navy and other departmental
spending, as well as larger allocations
to veterans’ adjusted service certificate
fund, public debt sinking fund, and
civil service retirement fund, contrib
uted to the increase in regular expen
dltures.
P OTATO control was the subject of
discussion at a hearing called by the
AAA In Washington, and officials,
farmers and consumers were given a
chance to say what
they thought about
the Warren act, which
provides for quotas
for potato , growers
with a prohibitive tax
on production In ex
cess of quotas, and Is
armored with Jail pen
alties for willful buy
ers or sellers of boot
leg potatoes.
This act was op-,
posed by the New
Dealers, and Secre
tary of Agriculture Wallace said at
the conference that he does not wan;
to enforce it and will do all In hie
power to avoid enforcing It He of
fered several plans for voluntary meth
ods which would reduce potato sur
pluses and raise prices. He con
tinued :
“Potato growers are In real trouble
and the AAA wants their judgment
on possible cures for potato problems.
Potato prices are about half of parity
and the AAA desires to get the fuil
benefit of the Judgment of potato pro
ducers concerning plans for Increasing
their returns."
Secretary
Wallace
'■pHK AAA announced a production
1 program for cigar-leaf tobacco for
the next four years. It provides
a maximum acreage production of 40
per cent Benefit payments will guar
antee producers not less than “fair ex
change value,” or parity, for the crop.
Contract signers will be prevented
from growing tobacco on farms oth«*r
than those covered by the contract-
T raveling rapidly to the Pacioc
coast for some fishing. President
RoofeeVelt delivered sevgpal^Important
addresses. The first was at Fremont,
Neb., where be spoke
to about 15,000 farm
ers and was enthusi
astically received.Mr.
Roosevelt set forth the
chief accomplishments
of his administration
to date, and challenged
fils opponents to do
better. He defended
the legality of the
New Deal doings and
made It plain that he
would continue to car
ry on experiments for
the welfare of the people. Defining
his Idea of constitutional government
he said Its true function Is “to pro
mote the general welfare, not by Inter
fering unduly wlth_lndlvld.ual^ liberties,
ML by: bringing to the aid of the Iridl-
vldual those powers of government
which are essential to assure the con
tinuance of the Inalienable rights
which fhe Constitution Is Intended to
guarantee. It Is democracy In the
good old American sense of the word.”
Coming to the AAA, In which his
hearers might be supposed to be most
vitally Interested, the President as-
serted thAt “agricultural adjustment Is
an expression in concrete form of the
human rights those farmer patriots
sought to win when they stood at the
bridge at Obncord. when they pro
claimed the Declaration of Independ
ence, and when they perpetuated these
ideals by the adoption of the Consti
tution.”
No matter what attempts may be
made to tear It down, “the principle
of farm equality expressed by agricul
tural adjustment will not die," the
President told'the crowd.
The AAA has made “honorable his
tory," the President declared, and as
a result, smoke Is pouring from chim
neys again and workers without regu
lar-jobs are obtaining employment
He served notice that It is the pur
pose of his administration to “use ev
ery square mile of the United States
for the purpose to which It Is best
adapted.” Nature must be harnessed
Instead of despoiled, he asserted.
At Boulder Dam the President as
sisted In the dedication of the great
project and delivered an address In
which be announced that government
spending for employment purposes
was nearing Its «nd and that now pri
vate Industry must take up the bur
den of decreasing the army of the un
employed. He defended the adminis
tration against the charges of “boon
doggling" . and said Its efforts "meet
with the approval of the people of the
nation.” He touched only lightly on
the power question. Secretary Ickes,
who also spoke, said Boulder Dam
should be re-named Johnson Dam, In
honor of Senator Hiram Johnson.
Again at Los Angeles In the Holly
wood Bowl and a^ San Diego the Chief
Executive delivered adddesses, and
then he went to catch some fish.
Slicing through the narrow penin
sula that links Africa and Asia, a
short cut to the Orient that has
made dreams of ancient conquerors
come true, the Suez, canal is now a
focus of world attention.
“This 100-mile waterway, which
enables ships to steam directly be
tween the ^Mediterranean and Red
seas without making the tedious voy
age arown^Ttfrlca, forms the link pin
connecting the trade routes of the
eastern hemisphere," says the Na
tional Geographic society.
“For ships of all European nations
trading with the Orient and East Af-
rica. the canal Is a tremendous saver
ot time and distance.
“From a commercial standpoint,
the Suez canal Is of greater Impor
tance to Great Britain than to any
other nation. In 1933 more British
ships passed through It than -those
of the next seven largest users of
the canal combined, and the tonnage
represented was In a similar propor
tion.
“Egypt, through whose territory
the canal runs. Is an independent na
tion, although a garrison of British
troops is stationed there and In the
Anglo-Egyptian Sudan to the south;
Egypt was a British ^ protectorate
from 1914 to 1922. When her Inde
pendence was recognized by Great
ftrltain, it was agreed that Egyptian
national defense should remain '^un
der British i»eotre4. -- - •
“Various International agreements
havfc provided that the Suez canal
should remain open at all times to
the vessels of all nations. During
the World war, however, the canal
was garrisoned by British and
French military and naval forces and
.closed to ships of the central pow
ers. though It remained open to neu
tral shipping. In 1882, during a crisis
in Egypt, the canal jtwrs tHosed by
British troops for four days.
“Unlike the Panama canal, which
Is directly controlled by the United
States government, the Suez canal
is a private business concern. No
nation has direct authority over jt.
The canal Is owned and opAited by
the Suez Canal company (Com
pagnie Universelle du Canal Mari
time de Suez), a French organization
w hleh holds a concession from the
Egyptian government expiring In
1968.
“Fifty-two per cent of the shares
In this company are held by French
Investors, 44 per cent by the British
/^OL. FRANK KNOX, publisher of
the Chlcago Dally News, ls now on
accredited candidate for the Republican
Presidential nomination, for he has
received the Indorse
ment of the Republi
can state central com
mittee of Illinois. Col
onel Knox has been In
a receptive mood for
a long time and bas
traveled all over the
country making
speeches. In various
unofficial straw votes
he bas been placed |
second, only Senator *
Borah being preferred
to him.
Addressing the Illinois central com
mittee, Colonel Knox said: “I have
been from the Atlantic to The Pacific
and from West Virginia on north, and
everywhere 1 find that the Republicans
not only think that they will be vic
torious but they have a deep sense of
responsibility to rescue the country
from the hands of socialists."
Col. Frank
Knox
V^AN SWERINGEN brothers have
^ regained control over the vast rail
way and real estate enqilre they built
and lost to New York bankers. At the
height of the boom this was valued at
$3,000,000,000. It was taken by a bank
ing group when the Van Sweringens
defaulted on loans of $48,000,000 and
was put up at auction. The brothers
regained control for $3,121,000 by bid
ding in the majority stock of the Al
leghany corporation, holding company
for all but one of the so-called Van
Swerlngen roads, Including the Chesa
peake & Ohio, Pere Marquette, Nickel
Plate, Missouri Pacific, and Chicago
& Eastern Illinois, and the Van Swer
lngen corporation through which the
brothers ruled their vast real estate
possessions. -
I N HIS second trial Nelson Rounse-
vell, publisher of the Panama Amer
ican, was convicted by a federal Jury
in the Canal Zone District court on a
libel charge resulting from his criti
cism of conditions at Fort Clayton.
The charges were brought by MaJ.
Gen. Harold B. Flske, commanding
the Panama canal department, and
Col. James V. Heidt, commander of
Fort Clayton.
E RNEST P. BICKNELL, for 27 yean
prominent In the American Red
Cross, died In Washington at the age
of seventy-three soon after his ceturn
from HawalL He was vice chairman
In charge of insular and foreign opera
tions of tbe Red Cross and directed
relief of the San Francisco earth
l)hake; floods In tbe Ohio and Mississippi
rivers; th% Cherry and other mine dla
•asters; forest fires and many catas
trophies abroad. Including the Measlna
earthquake In Italy
_ , j * ►
Suez Canal, Gateway to Grient, J
Tremendous Saver of distance
government, and the remainder In
other European cduhtries. On the
board of directors are 21 French
men, ten Englishmen, and one Dutch
man. The British government’s
shares originally were held by the
Khedive of Egypt but were sold by
him to Enjglaqd in 1875 for $20,000,-
000.
“Builder of the canal was Count
Ferdinand de Lesseps of France,
known als^ for the failure of the
later attempt to build a canal at
Panama In the 1880s. The Suez
canal, however, was a success once
its sponsors: had overcome diplomatic
obstacles and-early—financial-inm
bles. Strangely enough, de Lesseps
efforts to gain consent to the build
Ing of the- canal from the sultan of
Turkey, to whose empire Egypt then
belonged, were opposed by the Brit
teh government
"Work on the canal was begun In
1859 and it was opened to traffic ten
years later with a lavish celebration
given by the Egyptian Khedive, and
attended by the Empress Eugenie of
France, the emperor of Austria and
other royal personages. In 1934 the
canal was used by 5,663 vessels..
Housewife's Idea Box
To Keep Fat
If you‘take proper care of it. you
can keep fat that was used for deep
fat frying. After each using, strain
It In this way: P( ur the hot, fat
through a piece of fine cheesecloth
Into the container in which you plan
to store It. I^t It cool, then keep It
In your refrigerator until the next
f rylng.
THE HOUSEWIFE.
C Public Ledger. Inc.—WNU Service.
Springbok Kills Cow
Springboks, which appear In mo
tion pictures and to most people of
Afric;’ seem to be very demure anl
mals, have their likes and dislikes.
This was demonstrated by one dur
ing a stock sale in Nigel, South Af
rlcn, recently. As soon as it sighted
a new cow the springbok broke away
from Its owner and drove its horns
Into the side of the bossy until the
domestic animal was dead.
Are Our Eyes
Getting Weaker?
Defects of Vision Increase
With Years—Poor
Light a Cause.
When born, nearly all babies have
normal eyes. With the same kind
of care that carries them through In
fancy and childhood, happy and
healthy—their eyes should remain
normal.
But It has been found that by the
time children finish grade school. 20
per cent of them have defective vl
sion. When they have finished col
lege, 40 per cent have eye difficulttes*
Forty years of age shows 60 per cent
with defective vision, and past sixty,
95 per cent are so affected.
Why should the eyes of so many
show such an alarming Increase In
visional defects? Because these chil
dren, these growing girls and boy*.—
young and older men and women,
used their eyes'with too little light!
In the daytime outdoors there Is,
of course, plenty of light—the nat
ural daylight nature developed our
eyes to see by. The light from an
unclouded sky gives us 10.000 f«w>t
candles. In the shade of a tree, the
light will be upwards of 1,000 foot
candles. Close by a window there
may he 200 foot candles of light
shining on your book page or needle
work.
What Is a foot candle? It Is the
Here Is Child’s
Tinted Apron
By GRANDMOTHER CLARK
We .have here a cute little apron
which any youngster will love. Fits
three to six-year child. It measures
19 by 24 inches. The bear and ball
are tinted In yellow. Cross-stitch
and outline stamping Is done on un
bleached material and can be worked
In any dark color thread.
Package No. 6 contains tirfa
stamped and tinted apron ready to be
embroidered and sewed up. Bind*
ing and thread are not Included.
Sent to you postpaid for 15 cents.
Address Home Craft Co., DepL,
A, Nineteenth ana St. Louis Ave.,
St. Louis, Mo.
Inclose stamped, addressed en
velope for reply when writing for
any Information.
scientist’s "yardstick” of light meas
urement The amount of light one
candle would shine on a surface one
foot away.
But at night—that Is another
story! It is very common for people
to read or sew with only four f<K>t
candles of light, where they should
have an Illumination of at least 10
foot candles for the coarsest kind of
eye work; 20 foot candles for read
ing fine print and for sewing: SO
foot candles for continued use of the
eyes.
Using the eyes with less light than
these minimum amounts may resrit
in eye-strain and possible permanent
Injury to vision.
Be sure -you have enough light!
If you use electricity—ask your light
company to test your lamps and fix
tures to gee if they give enough light
for safe seeing.
If you do not have electricity, get
one of the new 300 candle power
pressure., lamps that burn kerosene
or gasoline.
When your work Is held three feet
away from the lamp, the latter
should be of at least 275 candle
power intensity to assure the 20 to
.’{0 foot candles of light you need to
protect your sight. It Is important
that you use a high cnndlepower
'amp to be sure you have enough
light to protect your sight
Tear Marks Stamp v
A curious variety of the one-cent
Canadian silver jabilee stump has
been found by philatelists. The first
stamp In the third row of the top
left of the sheet shows a distinct
tear drop falling from Princess Eliza
beth’a left eye to her cheek. Cana
dian collectors have christened the
variety “the crying princess."—De
troit News.
Beware Coughs
from common colds
That Hang On
No matter how many medldncR
you have tried for your cough, chest
cold or bronchial Irritation, you can
get relief now with CreomuMon.
Serious trouble may be brewing and
you cannot afford to take a chance
with anything less than Creomul-
sion, which goes right to the seat
of the trouble to aid nature to
soothe and heal the inflamed mem*
branes as the germ-laden phlegm
is loosened and expelled.
Even If other remedies have
failed, don’t be discouraged, your
druggist Is authorized to guarantee
CreomuLslon and to refund your
money If you are not satisfied with
results from the very first bottle.
Oet Creomulslon right sow. (Adv4
ALKNTS WANTED—Sell Chrlutmaii C*r<U
Write for free namplen, detail* Holbrook*,
421 Seventh Ave.. N. V.. Dept. C.
Cuticura Soap
For the Daily Care of
Your Hands /
Prolong the youthful appearance of
your handa by giving them the
tame care you give your face. Uae
Calleara Seep every time you
wash your handa; it will do much
to prevent redneaa and roughneaa,
cauaed by daily taaka, and to keep
the handa aoft, smooth and lovely.
Price 25 cents
Ragged Lad
Never mind If the boy la ragged
It keeps him from being vain.
Found!
PAIN
“Though I have tried all good
remedies Capudineauits me beat
becauae it is unuauallr quick
and gentle.” For headache,
neuralgic, or muscle achee,
uae either Capudine Liquid or
Capudine Brand Tablets.
CAPUDINE
iV j ‘ - '-v' & # <\)v’
p-yy.--.---
■ nervousanjd^out ols
Jr
Agniya*
—there le usually a definite reason for thle
Now lot's roason soitslblys
Don’t try to get well in a day... this is
asking too much of Nature. Remember,
she has certain natural processes that just
cannot be hurried.
But there is a certain scientific way you
can assist by starting those digestive juices
in the stomach to flowing more freely and
the same time supply
a balanced mineral defi-
ciency the body needs.
Therefore, if you are pale, tired and run
down ... a frequent sign that your
blood-cells are weak—then do try in the
simple, easy way so many millions ap
prove — by starting a course of S.S.S,
Blood Tonic.
Much more could be said—a trial will
thoroughly convince you that this way, in
the absence of any organic trouble, will
start you on the road of feeling like your
self again. • O S.S.S. Co.
makes you feel like yourself again
7*8 ere invited to listen m every Fridmy night to n Program of old-fashioned music—
&&& Music Most Hour—over Mutual Broadcastiug Network, g:jo p. m* EJ.T,
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