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The Barnwell People-Sentinel, BgrawcH. 8. C- Thursday, June 27, 1935 TI3 T e - National Topics Interpreted by William Bnickart National Presa Building Washington, D. C Washington.—It Is never easy or . «lmple to attempt a forecast of the re- “actions of a nation Issue Drawn as large as ours. for 1936 There are so many cross-currents, so many local Influences and factors at work that the popular reaction some times, usually in fact, is slow In crys- talizlng. Thus, It appears safe to say at this writing that the administra tion's future course on NRA and other New Deal policies concerning which there is constitutional doubt necessari ly must provide a basis for the 1036 campaign. Yet, certainly it can surely be said, that the issue Is .now drawn and that the battle next year will be between radicals and conservatives; between those who favor constitutional govern ment and those who think our nation has gone beyond the considerations laid down by the founding fathers, and between those who regard American traditions and practices as worth de fending and ah opposit+fci constituted wholly of those who desire to reipake our modes of living. In these days of swdCtly changing conditions in Washington, one can ob serve certain outcroppings in the nu merous controversies and the. wild con fusion. and these point definitely in one direction. They indicate the break up, the disintegration, of the old po litical parties. It is too early to pre dict whether our two-party system will continue even under the names of Democratic and Republican. Certainly If those two names continue they will shield under their banners eventually an entirely different party leadership and party personnel. Proof of this contention lies in the numerous statements, suggestions and trial balloons that have floated about —all serving as feelers in the direc- -4ion of a coalition among opposition to the New Deal. It Is to be noted that among those who have put out feelers about coalition have been some very well known names, both among Demo crats hikI Republicans. These moves probably will not develop into impor tant activities but they constitute stwiws showing which way the wind blows. All of the above is by way of saying that Mr. Roosevelt ns the head and forefront of the New Deal Is at the parting of the ways. Soon, he must choose whether he will align hiiqself definitely and completely with the rad ical element as 'typified by the Tug- wolls, the Rich bergs, the Wheelers and I.a Toilettes or whether he will turn to the philosophies of the old-line-JefTer- fionlun Democrats, most of whom come from what used to be the Solid South Insofar as DPmocrfltlc voters were con, cerned. He must make this choice be cause It Is no longer possible.for him to ride two horses, successful as he flexible to cover life as we now live it . From sober-thinking individuals, I gather that this is the point which must be developed fully in advance of the November elections of,.1936. Consequently, some observeis be lieve the campaign next year ought to be on a higher plane than any In re cent history. They point to, tha fact that determination of the question Just outlined above carries with it the col lateral determination of whether the United States shall be one vast empire with ^ate lines virtually ob- JAtorated. Likewise, determination of- the question referred to will bring an answer to a further question, name ly, whether the American people de sire that their government shall con trol individual' businesses or whether those businesses and the practices of the citizenry shall be permitted to continue as was the desire of the col onists when they fought off the armies of King George. • • • • ' • • • But there will be some sixteen montlriTof time that must elapse be fore the American Problems people can express to Solve their opinion and their wishes at the polls. In that interim, pressing prob lems resulting from the New Deal program must be solved. At the moment, what to do with NRA as well as how to do it stands foremost. Behind It lies troublesome questions centering in the farm poli cies of the Agricultural Adjustment ad ministration. Permeating the. very structure of the New Deal is the broad er question of whether it is desirable to continue so many of the alphabetical agencies as permanent units i)IL 1 4he^ government since each of them was created in response to a plan necessi tated by desires for economic recovery. NRA will be continued in a skeleton form. Its powers and its functions will be very limited. Some vitriolic-oppon ents of NRA are declaring that its skeleton organizatioriur being main tained solely as a face-saving proposi tion. They argue that Mr. Roosevelt could not admit complete defeat of this outstanding plank in his recovery platform. The truth seems to be that Mr. Roosevelt, wAlle unwilling to admit de feat in this direction, is waiting until he can determine what the wishes of the country are and how far the ma jority of the population will go with him In rebuilding the structure on lines within the limitations prescribed by the Supreme court. Thus far, cer tainly he has had considerable evid ence of benefits accruing from the NRA experiment. No other view can be taken of announcements by many in dustrial leaders to the effect that they intend to continue hours of'Tubor and ;e levels to which they had sulk IMPROVED UNIFORM INTERNATIONAL CUNDAYI Ochool Lesson By REV. P. B. riTZWATBR. D. D, Mem Ber of Faculty, Moody BtbU Institute of Chicago. ©, Western Newspaper Union. MSBSS9StBSB!!^^iSSBBSS3SBBB3SSiBSSBSBBSSBttSS3SS3SSBBSiSSBSBSt Lesson for June 30 LIBERTY UNDER LAW (Temperance Lesson) LESSON TEXT—Romana 14:18-21; I Corinthians 8:9-18, GOLDEN TEXT—It Is good neither to eat flesh, nor to drink wine, nor any thing whereby thy brother etumbleth. —Romans 14:21. /y PRIMARY TOPIC—Giving Up Our Own Way. JUNIOR TOPIC—The Royal Law, INTERMEDIATE AND SENIOR Tt)P- IC—Thfe Attitude of a Good Citizen To- Ljiw. ■ ' -- • YOUNO PEOPLE*AND ADULT TOP IC—Personal Liberty and Law. trntjon in keeping the two wings of his party together. When he has made that choice, at that same time begins the development of a new political party alignment In the United States. These conclusions are the conclusions of the most astute politicians and ob- eervers in Washington. • •••••• The question may be asked: What has brought about these new obridt- tions so suddenly? Defections The answer may Increase not as apparent as it seems. Off hand, one would say that the sudden halt of the New Deal program that was accomplished through the NRA decision by the Supreme court of the United States had actually amounted to a major operation. Tills is only par tially true. The Supreme court de- * cislon while blocking further expan sion of- the New Deal in the direction ♦ in which it was .tending simply pro vided a focal point around which the maelstrom centers. In other words, through all the months since the N>w Deal came into power defections have been increasing. The opposition, grow- — Ing tn gTrerrgttrrar last hwbeen given an anch«r. The cumulative character of the opposition and the dissension and dissatisfaction has made it possi ble for a single incident such as the Supreme court decision to provide what politicians call an issue. If the Supreme court ruling had not been sufficient to accomplish this pur pose, Mr. Roosevelt personally pro- - vlded the necessary additional momen tum. When he spoke in his now famous press conference, about the court de cision having the effect of pushing •American social life back to “horse and buggy days” he set up at one and the same time a circumstance that molded his own supporters In one - group and tie opposition concretely U> another. So avidly did -*he opposition seize upon Mr. Roosevelt’s statement that many newspapers of Influence in the country construed It as a challenge to the Supreme court Obviously the President, occupying a co-equal status with the Supreme court in our form of government had no intention of IS; suing a challenge to the Supreme court in the ordinary sense of the word. What he intended was to explain to the country that the time had come for the nation to consider its future course; the question he propounded In effect was whether the limitations, the maxima and the minima, laid down In the Constitution were sufficiently wage -A more appropriate title for this les son would be “The Christian’s Obliga tions in Matters of Conscience;” The Scripture reference from Romans sets forth fraternal duties In matters of conscience. The background for these | obligations is’to be found in the fact ;. that there were some in the Church who w’ere very conscientious in regard 1 to the ‘eating of flesh. Likely, these were Christian Jews who were scrupu lous In the observance of dietetic laws given by Moses. Others in the Church ate what was set before them without question. There w’ere some also who had particular regard for feast days and holy days. Others regarded every day alike. Differences and disputes arose. In dealing with (his situation ■^the apostle enumerates the following obligations: I. Neither Party Is to Sit in Judg ment Upon the Other (14:1-13). This instruction applies to things wVich are indifferent in Ifcemselves. The passing of judgment in such cases is wrong, because: 1. Every man is responsible to God alone (v. 4). { 2. Every man must decide for him self what is right for him to do (vv. 5-7). Concerning matters indifference in themselves, an action which may be right for one may be sinful for an other. 3. Every man lives not unto himself, but unto the Lord (vv. 8, 9). The su preme purpose of Christ’s death and i resurrection was that he might be the Christian’s Lord, both in life and death. 4. Every man must give an account | to God (vv. 10-12). Every man must one day stand before the judgment seat of Christ, and render an account of himself unto God. II. A Stumblingblock Should Not Be Placed in the Way of Another (l4:13 23) In many things the Christian has lib erty so far as he personally is con cerned, but that very liberty may be come'an occasion of stumbling to an other. The following urgent reasons are given: I, 1. The weak brother for whom Christ died may be destroyed (v. 15). If it was worth while for Christ to die for a man, surely it is worth while that we should deny ourselves some priv- i Ueges for his sake. » Steam Engine Made by Watt L Still Running More than 150 years ago James Watt built a stearn^ engine for a_ plant at Broseley, in Shropshire. It must have been about 177&. Watt has been dead for many years, but the engine is still work ing, probably the oldest operating iteum engine In the world, says a London correspondent of the Detroit News. ' The engine was originally used to sink the shaft of what are known as “The Deep Pits" at Broseley. and it has driven the pit cage ever since Apart from the fact that it was made at the Broseley foundry, no one knows much about the engine. I|ut It- is known that the stationary engines designed by James ^NVatt were being made at Broseley years before the first locomotive was built and this is believed to be the last working survivor of these engines. Every part of it is <yi8t iron; cast *nd smelted from iron ore that was mined in the locality. There was a rus* resisting quality •bout’ tibe Broseley Iron made about that time. The iron has never been sheltered, but is as good as when first cast Only one of the original parts of the machine has ever been replaced, the piston, a year or two agtf For 50 years the. engine was oper ated by one man. Now it is in charge of bis son. scribed under the codes of fair prac tice—all of which were thrown out the window by the Supreme court as illegal., ' To the extent that Important indus trial lines are continuing to observe tiie code conditions on a voluntary basis it is believed Mr. Roosevelt can take credit for having moved general business to a plane against which even the social theorists can offer little complaint. The President has termed those who have been guilty of unfair and unjust treatment of labor ami the consuming pufific “chiselers.” There is chiseling going on now. Probably,, there will he more of it. If it be comes too widespread, it seems rea- Wnably certain that there will be a strong reaction among thinking peo ple. This reaction will strengthen whatever moves the President makes to revise the constitutional limitations about which he has complained. • • • There was an incident of historic importance in the Capitol building the other day. The Su- Histonc preme court of the Incident -.United States meins usual in its chambers under the dome of the Capitol on June 3. As far as outward appearances go it was simply another session in which th^ nine dignified and learned Justices met to publicly render the conclusions of law they had reached. But It was more than that. It was, the last time The court was to convene in that chamber, and today it is dim in the sallow light of shaded windows for the first time since 1860. When the court convenes next Oc tober after Its usual summer recess, the justices will climb marble steps into a gigantic new ten-milllon-dollar structure—the permanent home of the court for the future. It is a building ornate in Its simplicity. The court chambers and the private offices of the Justices represent architectural masterpieces. Equipment of the most modern type has been installed. Con venience is everywhere. Yet one of the older members of the court whom it has been my privilege to know re marked with just a touch of pathos in bis voice that he believed he would prefer his old office and the old bench and bar where he had served so long. The chamber that Is now deserted was used in the earliest part of Its history as the meeting place of the United States senate. It was there that the voices of Calhoun and Web ster were heard • Western NeSj^MClwr Unloa. ' 2. Good should not be evil spoken of (vv. 16-18). One’s manner of lifq determines the measure of his influence over his fellow men. Such life will be characterized by: a. Righteousness, or moral rectitude. b. Living in peace among brethren. c. Joy in the Holy Ghost, the usual characteristic of .the saved man. 3. That which makes for peace and ' eaiflcaf IoTmT()TiTd"T5e followed (v. 19). He who causes the weak brother to stumble through the exercise of his liberty destroys the work of God. 4. We should exercise faith in God • and abstain from meats and wine which offend the weak brother (vv. 21, 22). III. Personal Liberty to Be Abridged (I Cor. 8:9-13). Love Is to be the governing principle j of the life. Love is more Important than knowledge. This love will move one ^ 1. To abridge his liberty for the sake of the weak brother (vv. 10, 11). While the one who has proper knowl edge can eat meat with impunity, if his eating would cause his weak broth- er to stumble he should desist from eating. 2. To exercise liberty In such case la to sin against the brethren (▼. 13). Sinning against our brother for whom Christ died Is to sin against Christ. The great question in all our acts should be “Will they harm our breth ren?” This obligation is enforced by three Important considerations. a. The fate of the weak brother (t. 11). It may cause him to perish. Such a possible loss shows the responsibility of our actions, b. The relation of the man to his slayer (?. ll). 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