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iv * rl- I PEOP LES J PICKENS, S. C., THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, ONE DOLLAR AYA Wi AER 4 . THE LEADERS, In style assortment and prices. Years of persistent and continued under selling have gained for us the reward of public conildence. We make no idle boast when we positively aflirm that no house in this part of the country retails 7 merchandise, taking quality into consideration, at so little profit. A Word About .Dress Goods. In this new store and in this large department, you can find any thing you wish. Listen a moment. Ono lot 48 Inch all wool reversible Serge in black and colors, worth 50c,- our price 37e. One lot 38 inch Heavy Moh airs worth 35c, our price 16* One lot fine finish HIenriettas (no off shades) black and colors. would be cheap at 25o, our price 10. One lot 36 inch fancy two tone novelties wprth 25c, our price ]5c. Same goods In 40 inch for 20c. One lot 54 inch Ladies Cloths worth The for 490. One lot Ladies Cloths 54 inch worth 90c foe 58c. A 48 Inch black all wool Surah Serge 37c. A WORLD BEATER., 500 yards :38 inch Broad Cloths in all colors, worth 39c for 25c. Many more unmatchable bargains, but space forbids, so come and see for yourselves. A GOOD THING THROUGHOUT. 1,000 yards Red Twill Flannel must be sold 121c a yad to 50c. Knockout prices. 2,000 yards Heavy Jeans in all shades must go, 15c to 331o. 1,800 yards Cotton Flannel must move, 5c to 15c. 75 pairs heavy r.-ad.y made Jeans Pants go at $1. $12.000 worth of Shoes at values never offe red the trade before. The biggest store, the biggest stock, the biggest variety and the lowest prices. What more could you wish? Pay us a call. Very truly, . H. MORGAN & ORG. 211 North Main Street, GRLENVILLE, S. C. P. S.-Since movi.g into our New Store we have added a first class Carpet Department. It is an aim to give to the trade the best for the least money. When nerding anything in Carpets, Matting, Window Shades, Rugs, Art Squares, & '., c.me and let us save you something. BILL ARID ON HARD WOOD. nest. We fought them with brush and -~ brooms and dirt., aud killed the last one The Georgia - Philosopher Wi ites of before we quit. Of course we got stung 'Plhits And Trees 'ihat Thrive in the somtimo?, but there is where the South. heroism came in. But now I have no Someo%vI dn'tlikeinsnuaion. Aboys-they are all girls-and so I pour - Somehow I don't like insinuations.A ed hot water in the hole where the ' cdrresponden frm Mississippi Insin- jackets wnt in, and it killed a few, but - uates that I don't know very much there are over a thousand In the colony, about black gum and sassafras and per- and they all got mad with me and ran simmon, or I wouldent say that those woods were good for hubs and bows and dead grass and old papers over the gluts. Well, since I saw his "obiter grand entrance and poured kerosene dicta" in your paper, I asked the fore- on it and set it on tire and killed a few man of our wagon factory, and no said: more, but still I couldent miss them. "We used. to get all the blackgum wo Then I got stung on the ear and that could f.or hubs, for it has no grain, and made me mad and [ mixed upa pan full ,i you can't split it, and it makes a very of mortar and sous,)d it down into the fine hub, but nowadays we buy all our hole and all around, and I piled up a hubs ready made, and they are of post- big lot of clay and gravel on top and oak." Dr. Porcher, who Is the highest waq ?urn I had them fast and would authority concerning the trees and starve them t dth, utne mr herbs of the South, says in his book: :n hyhdanw oea( rt *The, wood of blackgum is extremelytedn tobsesatheam l ..,difficult to split, and is much used for sad aelu iceo mt . hubs of wheels."1lwrptarndtermsstoan , The.ilrst real line st.ring~oow I ever tecide wyadnwIa at hia&was -bought from an Indian boy, igfrfrhrisrcin rmm and It 4as made of the heart of sassa- fin nllsispi f ras. He taught me how to fasten the WhnIwsltinFodaIule -leathers in the arrows. That bow wasupaltesrotfthoppnaad the envy of my schoolmates, and couldbouhitom an latdt.I - .send an arrow out of sight.grwolncyadwekpItith . Adead-persimmon, or one cut down ptls itradtaser~ tt h and seasoned, makes a very hard, dura-grdnlssri.Itinoabeu ble glut or wedge. Dr. Porcher sayseu itete bu ih ethg -that the grain Is of such fine texturewihnmrubacesad tik that he has -used It for engraving. Iwilbomnxsu erfwecnav used to saw my gluts and thea bevel the itblnsoth mmsafiy e4gss, and.round the top, and my boy adisdlct evsaeqiesml }}6bbaid "dem simmon gluts etdg ' *00:4 ito pieces." betdg tvethuhnt53mc5(asisu iTh.is a wonderful book of Dr.thtpatitblosreoudufd Vbo1r's-a hook of 700 pages, con- biso ifrn oos u nieta ~inIg a description of every tree, pat hs al hdadlgtu pt nt and shrub in our Southern land, oo.We rse noapnuho afid their practical and medicinal uses.foaldysbruthywlpeum Lt was published In 1869, and Its title Is,itfryasIamgigownert "Resources of the Southern Fields and otieo h )tb roetn t ii Forests." What patient and careful abre n ietp.Te hr r investigation was necessary to p)roducethleovrensorirars,ht such a book!l Twelve years were spent aeawy ersigaddlgtu In the work, and the learned doctor be-toheoatry.W putesml came a second Linneus in his devotion oe nteptadlaetelreoe to it. And yet this book is hard to find,ou.Tethraravriyofpty and I suppose is out of print. pat hs lwr ilgadnu l And now the time has come for methwitrAgenose ihtb to put away the flowers and there'ssitefetcnbbul dgase trouble on the old man's mind. I have frtno ite olr n ti l cleaned out the pit and arranged thewaspeinadrfnngtthfi shelves to my wife's satisfaction, and iy seilyt h ieadduh am now engaged In taking up the ger-a-trs 4 - niums and repotting the various plants. Adnwtecrsnhmm r I have to go away down to the lowerbudnItoeayanfilgthar part of the cow lot, where the rich wt rgac.Teewsatm earth has gathered, and spade it upwhntelwrs eealgod,ad and sift it into the wheelbarrow andhecitnaefo rosgld;bu roll It up the hill like Ajax or Samson. teato h lrs a eeoe er My wife has a great big round sifterlyithcoosfterano.Te like the plasterers use, and after I ge t teeaetetl n ad ea A load of earth and turn It out in the pns rcso,ta,lk h uf~w broad walk near the p)it, then I have tooradtemniglrywllsig haul a load of sand and sift that, and u nweeadeeyhr hte then a load of wood ashes and sift that,yowatheorn. hreist and then mix all together. She toldigprterha ahelomrng -me how. She watches me fromt theglre,tirfalndbuiulhw window, where she Is sowing, and en-errstnupnhedwgasatu conrilges me by telling me not to work rs.W aehdawvt flvl so hard, but to stop and rest awhileose. hssme ndaesilejy Yesterday she came out to help me1(,igthexusebatyoLalan, and when she wanted me to change thethbru,hemeo,ermjs,th palm to a larger pot, and the hollo- Aeia euyadsm tes .tro pe to a smaller one, I rebelled a Hwmn )et om aebe little and asked her if she had noticed wItnaottefoesIhrc n that yaller jackets' nest under the stoneoae mt' d o lwr ssbie step, not far from whereoshe was stand-Mr.lemns"rig lo rstth ing. The little boogers were just pour- Fi on rd"i e.Te . Ing out and in, and as soon as she saw teei 'h itL~ fSme, them she shook her skirts and departed b or,a( TeL~oTa l those coasts with alacrity. She wants AePasn"admn tes lw to know why I don't deostroy their nest. eaaontewdigadtegae Well, I have tried. Time was when'Vearakntmui,ndbhpov we sohoolboys d ident want any betterthloefGdtoiscaur. fun han o break.uWa faougrjackhe'swit buandp soetme, utthreiswhreth THE HISIORY OF A GRET TRUST, THE STANDAlD OIL COMPANY. How Men of Small Means Becane Multi--MilIllonaires--The Richest Corporation in the World. The richest and best mi tnaged cor poration in the world is the Standard Oil company, the stock of which amounts to $150.000,000, and during the last 30 years has made its holders all fabulously rich men. In view of the recent operations of those men to con solidate all the gas companies across the East river, New York, as they have already done those in Brooklyn, a movement which has driven up Now York gas stock all the way from 40 points to 200 in three months-a study of the means by which this corpora tion has grown into its enormous power and wealth is timely and interesting. Such a study is given below. The history of the origin and growth of the Standard furnishes material for one of the rarest romances of the con tury. At the close of the civil war Samuel Andrews, a recently arrived immigrant, was porter for a small pro duce house in Cleveland, O. Andrews was of an inventive turn of mind, and in his leisure hours devised a plan for the refinement of petroleum much more economical and effective than the ones then in vogue. One of the partners in the firm which employed Andrews as porter was John D. Rtocko feller, then 26 years of ago. Rocke feller kept the books and looked after the sales of the house. When An drows told him about his Invention the bookkeeper looked into it, and conclud ing it promised well, invested what money he had been able to save in pushing It. As a result of the combined efforts of the two young men, and with the aid of borrowed capital, a small refinery was built and put into operation. The refinery made money from the first, and in a ycar or so Rockefeller sold out his interest in the produce house and gave his entire time to tbe new ven ture. He induced his brother, William, to start a relinery, which was soon con solidated with the one owned by him and Andrews. Then a warehouse was opened in New York city for the sales of the manufactured product of the two refineries. The Rockefellers and Andrews saw millions within their grasp. All that was needed was a little ready money, and this kindly fortune at the right moment throw in their way. Young Henry M. Flagler h td married a rich man's daughter, and his father-in-law had started him in the lumber bu'i ness in Michigan. F lagler, though a bright fellow, was not intended for a lumber man. In some way Rockefeller got the ear of Flaglet-'s father-in-law and told him his plans, which even then contemplated the control of the entire old production of the country. Thel oil man gave the matter careful consideration. Ilis son-in-law was not making money as a lumber man and Rockeieller'a plan seemed on the face a good one. In the end he gave Flag ler $60,000 and told him 0to go in with the Rockefellors and Andrews. Thus the Standard Oil company was formcd with a capital stock of $100,0U0 and with John D. Rockefeller as Its :rtsident,. It at once began to buy out and crush out rival refineries, and now its pipe line system is something pro digious-a monster spider's web cover ing thousands of miles. One line 300 miles long runs from Olean to Saddle river, N. J , within easy distance of the metropolis. An,ther line, 275 miles in length, runs from Colegrove, McKean county, Pa., to Pniladelphia. A third line runs from lidway, on the Pennsylvania, to Baltimore, 70 milvy. A~ fourth line, 100 miles long, rur:s from HJilliar-ds, Pa., to Cleveland. A tifth lIne, 60 mnile, in length, connnects Carbon Centre, Butler county, Pa., with l'ittsburg, and another lijn of about the same length runs from l?our Mile, Cottaraugus county, N. Y., tQ HlulTalo. Moro recntly a line has been laid between LIma, 0., and Chicago, 200 miles. All these lines at-c owned and con trolled by the National Trust company, another name for the Standard Oil company, which thus. connects the sources of p)roduction with; its mamn moth relineries in the great cities, l3e side these main lines It owns thous ands of miles of smaller lines, run ning from its tanking stations to the wells of individual op)erators. Some idea of the magnitude or this branch of its businesa can be obtainedl from the recent statemnent a Standard mnag nate that $10,000,000 would not cover the cost of the lines and tankage recn dered useless during the last five year's by the failure of the fholds in which they ar-e located. The Standard takes the oil of the p)roducor as it comes from tihe ground, measur-es and pays for- it., transports it to Its relineries, refines it, pIpes it to market, and sells it. Until recently it has never figured as a p)rodlucer, but Its complete and perfect system gives it ab-solute contr-ol of the oil tr-ado. All this has grown since 1866 fr-om at original investment of. less than $75, 000, made by four young men, who saw a grand opportunity fur money imking, andI were brainful enough and shrewd enough to take advantage of it.. The railroad bomp)anies woro- at the mer-cy of the gr-cat monopoly. The late President Scott of the Ponnsyl van Ia road acknowledged on ~the wit ness standl that his coinpany dare trans por-t only the oil of the Standar-d, and Commodore Vanderbilt said a year or, two before he died that, there was only one man he would allow to dictate to himt, and that man was John D. Rock'e feller. Absolute in its command of the r fining trade, the Standarmd forced the railroads to do Its bidding until 1880. Then they robelled and tbe Standard reduced their revenue and roendered it impo-ssible for them to figure as a factor in the control of the oil tr-ado by building pipo) lines, and thr-ough them transporting to tide water,.Its oil;, bot cr-ude and refined. It built and operated Its own acid and glue works, and barrel factories, whIle its enormous volume of business gave it a commanding Influence with the rali-road companies. At one time the Penn-ylvania rond In 17 months p)aid it over $10,000,000 as robtates on the oil car-riotd over- Its lines. It is indeed a gigantic om-paton AN FXPEIlT'$ OPINION. The Importance of' a Textile School to Clenson College-Necessary and Beneficial to tho South. The following letter from M. C. Brooks, manager of the Lowell Textile school, will be read with interest. The subject, being one of great importance and now engaging 'the attention of all intercsted'in the State's industrial pro gress: The question of the advisability of establishing some system of technical education in connection ,vith the tex bile industries of the South, to my mind, requires no discussion. If tech stcal education is worth having at all, It is certainly rcqulred in a section of the country whore textile mnanufactur Ing is in its infancy, and whi re the lack of skilled overseers and superin b6ndents is felt more than in any other nuufacturing iistrict. The nu'iufacturer's of New Eegland have realized the necessity for the es ablishment of textile schools in their nidst, and I speak from personal cnowledge of both sections, when I say .bat textile education is just as neces ary, and will prove just as bone lieal, f not more so in the South than in the orth. The point to consider, there ore, is not the necessity, but the xpediency of establishing textile chools, or classes. Probably the best top that could be taken for the South vould be to establish a large and well quippea cotton spinning and weaving chool in the centre of the district, vhieh has the most mills, but this vould require an expenditure of a t 0 - iurable sum of money, not only for quipment, but for maintenance after vards, as the school would not be self upporting ; in fact to attain the tighest degree of usefulness, textile ehools should givo instruction at a iominial fee. At the present moment it is not ad ,isablo to establish a school of this rind, becauso in the first place it is rery doubtful whether the State legis atures are suliciently alive to the iecessities of technical education to ippropriate the necessary funds, and n the second place, it is doubtful ,vhether the manufacturers themselves would defray the cost of equipping a school. In this present communication, that s a point for the trustees of the col ego and not foN me to consider. Another plan would be to organize -ourses of instruction in each manu lacturing centro utilizing one of the local mills as a textile school aud asing the reading room, which is often lound in a manufactring community, is a lecture room. I have no doubt, as to the popularity of this method of in struction, for the classes would be un tioubtedly -;ell attended, but I ant very doubtful as to the utility of this plan. There are very few quallied toacherr available, and the sa are mostly local superintendents or overseers who are not desirous of educating young men to step into higher positione (which might he their own). and thus a feet ing of jealousy might pr vent the in parting of us( ful instruction. This system might, thus bring discredit on textile technleaf education and injure the movement in . its favt.r wherc is, ono p'roperlyc quipped textile chool, would show the manafacturers lcided aclv.antagcs through its estab ishment in their midst. These local ,chools ought to follow the central cehool and not precede its establish nr-nt.. if they con lId ho. supplled with raveling teachers from a central chool situated in the same State and tct as feeders to this central school, hen they would be of use, otherwise not. Coming down to the details as to es. Lablishing and equipping a school es Limatei to cost'about $I15,000, in the irst place. - should not recommtend any instructioni to be attempted, out tide of the manipulaition .of the cotton ibr,e ; it would prove far more satis rfactor'y to establish andl perfect depart ments for the -teaching-of cotton pick ng, carding, spinning. an-d weaving; Jyeing and finishing rather than- tc ttemopt.in thme lirst, instance to teach Lh-e tranufacture of silk, wvool, or other lIIbres. - -- SAssume their that't cotton school bas been decided upon. I should re 30ammend .that bot,h the manufacture if the .yarn and .the manufacture o1 .aloth should bed taught.~ For certain 3ountries and certain sections of the :ountry, I should -not r'ecommendl the 3stablishment of the carding .and spin ding dlepartment p)rimarily, as the weaving is the- mosth suitable to coi rnonec with, b)ut in the cotton states, [cortai.nly .feel .that a school ought ten bJe started to g'ivo instruction in all uhe processes from p)icking to cloth lying. 1>ti mating that the building would ::ost. .$5.000, the. most important ques~~ ion that -arises after*ards is the 2(quip)ment, c: machinery. I have no :loubt but what this wIll b)e reandity p)rocuriable as a gift, from the various m'actinis's. in Order to enlist the sympathics and assistance of the ma. 3hino makers, I should recoimmend that the equipment be obtained from ias immny different irms its possible, )ne or two machines from each. Of ::ourse when the machinery has been 3ontrib)uted, there still rmains con 4iderable expense, sutch as the eret,ion >f the shaftring, belting, the installa ion of the motive power. A furt.her sum w~oulId 1be requ ired for aho equipment of lecture andl class ooms, for the p)rovision of educational upparatus, charts, diagrams itnd thc agrnishing of ollices, installation of ire protection and so on, so that $10, )00 would ptrobably not go farthier ,han provide for the eqiplmnent of nt uchool for the teacehing of cotton pick ng, carding, spinning and spoioling, murping weaving and fabric dlesigo eng. If any balance remains, it umighi be used( in ptutting in an exp)orlhnenta lyoling plant. The college will un ]outbtedly already have the noccssar3 ,hemical laboratories, which could hi 15sed in ~corinnetion with, this dyeing plant. As to the urrfiniljm [ shou lt recoumnod P. sectional plan of studies us-for examplle, a ciertain periiod to be devoted to cotton pIcking, carding combing, spinning and sciences alliei to those branches of manufacture This course would occupy nine months secorndly, a similar' time would be de vbted to cotton spiooling, warping slashing. andl weaving of all fabric and allied scinces. 'rdl.., a simil time to designing cotton cloth, and Ao on, and (out t ny, a simillar period of nine months applied to dyoinw of cot ton goods, presuming that the student has a previous knowledge of chein istry. Thus in four years a student could go through the whole course, having a vacation of three months in each year, or if ho desires it, ho could take up a sectional study, and in one year perfect himself in any one of the four sections of cotton manufacturing and th) sciences, and other studies al lied to each. [ would suggest that whatever money Is spent, should be spent only on a building that Is Intended to be permanent. In equipping a school, as the trustees of the Clemson College will know, there Is so much work to be done on the building itself that it is useless for any other building, such as carpenter work, plumbing, work, pip litting, and so on, that a considerable amount of money can be wasted on a building, which is not adapted for per manent use as a school. The above is merely an outline of my own views In this matter, and I ofler the remarks merely as suggestions. The members of the faculty of Clem son will have probably ditY'terent and more mature views than I have. U. P. 131oot:s. A BOON TO SClENCIH. The Yferkes Telescopo Is the Largest Strueture of its Kind in the World. Atlanta Constitution. The ouccessful installation of the great Yorkes telescopo it Lake Geneva, Wis., during the past week cual!s attention to the rapid strides which the science of astronomy has made In recent years. Although the study of the horvens began upon the plans of Chaldea more than four thousand years ago, the sci once of astronomy is still inconplite. Indeed with the exception of thos, great fundamental laws whieh govern the movements of the p1anetary budics, our knowledge of the vast universe about us is not only limited In eharac ter, but for the most part speculative and uncertain. As to the fixed stars which keep their nightly vigils over the earth there is ab,olutely nothing of any scientific value known. Ab yet astronomy has failed to pene trate the mystery which shrouds these distant orbs : and even the sun itself, which lights up the universe with Its refulgent rays, still refuses to unfold to scientific research the secret of its own dazziing tires. But, in spite of the Ignorance which still obscures our contemplation of the heavens, the progress of rstronomty in recent years has, nevertheless, been marked along certain lines. In the various In,titutions of learning throughout the country deeper interest is today tak< n In the study of astro noric problems than ever before in our history. This is due in somne measure, perhaps, to the wagnilicent sums of ,:iiii;j't i'hav b u ''txpent-d In recent years upon the building of monster telescopes, but even t,hese nagnificent expendit,ures owe their existence in great measure to the pro gress In astronomy occasiored-by pr ceding researches. Up to the completion of the Yerkes telescope at Lake Geneva the largest structure of its Kind in this countrv, or in the world, as for that matter, was the fameus Lick telescope on Mount Hamilton, California. But the Yorkes telescope now rightly claims the first place. Its gigantic lens is 2; por cent, more powerful than that of the Lick telt scope, w hi Ic other modern improvements still further Increase it advantages. The telescope is the gift of Mr. Charlhs T. Ycrkes, of Chicago, to the university of that cIty, and re p)resents In its eltaborate mechanisni the -um of $300,000. Work uponIf the mionister telCe1cop began some fivo years ago, and the timen occupied ini buildineg It shtows the gigantic and yet, at the same time ex execeedingly dielicto character of the st,r'cture. T1his magnificent gift to science Is bound to pireduce splendid results ; .and besides arousing greater piopular interest in asatronoimy, thor'o Is no0 t,el! ing to what discoveries It, may lead the eye of scientific research. Wimy CUinA S1IouIsu Bj ANNF:XICD -The Atlanta Constitut,ion gives the following as one of the latest reason aidvainced for annexing Cuba to the United States: Dr. Gutiteras, the yellow fever ex poert centonds that such a course Is absolut,ely necessary if the Imanportation of yellow fever germs Into this coun try from Cubha is to ho e Ifectual ly checked. UnderIW exist,ing retgultiotlns the yellow fever expoert, ntates that Spanish oilicials are in the habit of giving healt>h certificates to vess-. 's sailing from Havana witbout the least regtard to the prevalence, of ypIlw fever- on the island andl that untdenibly tbe recent, outb)reak of the scourge along our coast lines- Is duo in large meaisure, if not excltisively, to the yellow fever germs brought, over in theso vessels, D)r. uiter as further states that the frightful epidemnic of I1878 was caused in Ilice man ner by Cuban vessels dr'pping anchor In our south Atlant,ic and gulf ports. As the result of, that opidemic, to qjuoto the figures cited b)y D)r. Giter'as, the loss Inflicted upon the United States amuou, ted in reound numbers to $200, O0J0,000, or more than enough to buy the ISland1 twice over. In view of theso considerations, the Abwfver exp)ert (contetnds that the United Stat,es a vernment ,.. underu im plied obllg..zons of the most hlinding character to acqJuire Cuba b.y some mean- or other and to proceed at 'unce to place the island under such strin gent regtulationsu that yellow fever germs cannot possibly be imported therefrom intoi the Unit,cd States. Dr. GJuiteras is strongly inclined to the orilnion that in the course of time, by aopting rigl(d sanit,ary measures, the isfandl can be effectually purged of yellow fever germs. Whatever the actual force of the suggestion ad vane'd b)y D)r. Guiteras may be, the fact t,bat it comfes from one of the leadIng physi cians tied yellow fever explerts In the country entitlcs it to grave considera tion. .The density of poptulation is great s est in Europie, wheru It averages 9J7 t< r the square mIle We Expect t It you do not get to must not fail to come to and all a cordial invital pleasure in showing you of goods as it has ever b see in these parts. We full trade, and shall endei terest, one and all, to.giv< are now offering Some Rare Barg In unseasonable goods. We certali lot of Men's Fur Hats, ranging in T: 9)t. each. We ar beginning to re right here that it will pay you to l to the lacket. and know for yoi I(AC(iCiRT S'TOlt': for one dollar. are not stuck on ts much, 1. o., not not stop until you are safe in the St want and as cheap as you can buy i Wishing for you, one and all, g Bryan's I'reu Silver, with Uncle Sa your servants to please, NEW YORK R l';,sevy, s. C. \V11OL,EM'ALI FARMING. The Mammllotii Operations of the 1onan E1k Wheat Farnms in the Nor h west. The recent flurry about ' dollar " wheat, and the good prico which this great tapile crop has commanded this year, because of political signilicanco, have given universal protunnenco to the crop in t,be news)apiers. In view of this pubbliity an art,ile in Serib ne1s Magazine on "' TIe Ilusiness of a V heat Frm," by Will ian Al lon White, is timely and interesting. I is handsomely illustrated and duals with the wholesale farning operations of the bonanza wheat, farms in the valley of the "led River of thu North," where the stream fiows through North Dakota. The writer of th article takes issue with the customary clabsi tieation of " bu,rness men and farm err," and declares that the great, farm er of thi; Nort,hwest must combine many talents and must be) a business man Iirat and a tiiler of the soil after wards. Te land is as Il1t as a floor and wheat fields stretch way to the hort zon as far as the eye can reach like a teaof waving graii. The average size (If one of these big farnb is 7,000 ucres. Iloes are unknown. The uiilet, ii, plement ined on thu farii is a plow, and these are operateU twenty or thirty in it gang, each pulled by live horses, and naaing two furrows att time. 'hoy travel an average of twett.y mligles a day, andd an rvf-'eri on horse back or in a buggy accoinpanies each gang. The drilling, harrowIng, and narve ting are all d>ne in the sanme wholesale wity by thet% nist improved machinery, in which the operator has li tile, mor to-do than to sit in his scat, and guid the horses, and operate brakes, levers, etc., that control the machinery. ltrom the sowing of the seed to the storing in the elevatur almost everything is done by mat ehinery, and from thu time the wheat sheaveb are tumbled into thu wagoz utili the lloura reacehos the eooks no hui man hand t,ouches it. Something of the uize of t,hese farms may be gather ccl from tbo fact tht,t distances acrosi. them anro so great that even hiorsebacki omnmuniaeition is imanpossibl)e and Lobo p lhone lines furnish communication be twcen the general manager and thc division overseers ; and the crows oj onands in one end of the far'm do not sea the crews at, the other end during ua entire plantitng or harvest,ing seaeon Scattered about, over the farm are din ing halls five. or six miles apart, in wyhich the hands are served with tbh meals, but, sometincs at noon the plow ing or reapilng gang are two or three mniles from their dining hail, and ib busy seasons it is found more profit able to foed the hands in the fidi rather than have thorn trudge to thi dl.,ing hall. Trhcero Is a regular stable gang tha lo.,ks after the horses used on thi farm, and the men who drive them il plows or harvoster8 never have any thing to do with their care. Thur are usually .100 horses in each divisio of the farm. In addition to the dinin hall there is a dormitory in each of th three divibions of the farm where bed are provided for the hands, On thes faitms a large percentage of the labo is traxnnsicnt, employed for a few weekt at a time during the planting seaso and again during the harvesting sea son. Usually about fifty men are en pilod during the ploughing seasor They are pad , by the month--abou $25, including board, lodging an washing. They eat break fast at o'clock in the morning, have an hou at noon and supper at 8:30. A bou; thirty cows furnish milk for the worl men. There are two i votors, one a either end of the farm and- situate alonig the 'r'ailroad track. Combine they will hold 100,000 bushels of whoa1 There Is a central of1lee wherein th boookkeeper and general manage dirct the business of the farm. Tuic p hone lines run to the division supoi intendents' homes and other importari points on the farm. There is a com' pleto blatcksmith and wheel-wr'ight an wood working outfIt, and in a stor room is kept a carload of extra part of the different machines used on th farm, so that in Case of breaking th parti can be promptlirreplaced wihoi causing hijLr-lous -delays. The pign the land and the im' 9V%.mihtb onr sue a farmir are worth iabouf, $3Oii $210,000. An ldch of the .coia ?perations these farms is convoyed:- by. th6 writt in this way:. Averaging t.wenty bus ela to the acre we -have 140,000 bushc as the yleldi. Puit ig'600 buebels it car and.allowing 'fobi.g' feet' tt' -the ci ) it would rc(quire a tfpit,wo rniles lo; to haul the .crop ot pne farrn.. Try Ourselves Easley before Fall, you see us. We give to one ion, and will take great as nice and as cheap line cen your good fortune to are preparing for a big vor to make it to your in us your patronage. We ains - - - - i2y can interest you I We have one rice frem $1.25 to $1.75, all to go at ceive our FALL GOODS, and say old to your dollars until you an get irself how much you can buy at the We are aware that our competitors in love with us. But be sure you do ore where you can buy what you mnywhere. ood success, and William Jennings m's seal, E. Pluribus Unum, we are ACKET STORE CILYI) & NALLY, Proprietors. the crop had to be carried to mill in the old-fashioned way in two-bushel sacks on a mule, the procession would stretch more than halt way from Brooklyn to Buffalo. The crop of the entire r l River valley conveyed in the same way would require as many 1ceple as there are in New York, Pennsylvania and Massachusetts to ride the mules, and make a procession clear around the globe and back to the Klondike country. It requires nearly 9,000 bughels of wheat for seed to plant one of these big farms. It costs in the expense of cultivation and the wear and tear on horseflesh and machinery, insurance, etc., $5.70 an acre to operate one of these farms, or about thirty cents a bushel to produce the wheat; calculating an average yield of 19 bushels per acre. Figuring the in terest for the time that must elapse from the tin- i of planting to selling, and the in' rest on the plant, Mr. White flgu ,s out the profits on the suce'tsfully operated farm to be only $2 50 per aca a, and from that down all the way to actual loss, on a basis of 55 cents per bushel as the average selling price. CAPT. A. D. GAILLARD. I)mnth of' a Venerable and Patriotio lii/1'1-t1-He iid LiveI vV"our i oore I" ''atN, Grec,ville Mountaineer. Tho death of an aged person, ripe for the sickle of the Reaper, brings an inevitable sorrow to all .who are bound by uacred ties that have been formed during a long and useful life, although the snapping of life's chords break the tendrils none the less because of length ened- growth. But the venerable and decrepit, as they march slowly down the hill, are watching for the light on the other side of the river, and are fast losing hold upon the concerns of their earthly existence, while reaching out toward a reunion with the hosts of relatives and friends who are beckon lng from the otber shore. This seem ed to be the case with the venerable Capt. A. D. Gaillard, of this city, who dlied on the 27th inst, at the home of his son, A. D. Gaillard, jr. in the 82nd year of his age, after a lingering Ill ness. For several years his feebleness was apparent to all, and since the death of his beloved wife a few years ago it was noticeable that he was de clining quite rapidly. Capt. Gaillard was born in the vicin ity of Pendleton, where at one time there was a large connection of that name, and for mary years he lived in and near Walhaila, removing there soon after the town was started, Hie was always a quiet, unobtrusive man, respected byis neighbors, and main taining a character for integrity abd up rightness that challenged criticism. Hew was a Presbyterian, end for a long time served as elder in the church at Walballa. Hie was a brother of the o late Rev. S. S. Gaillard, who was the 3 first p astor and organizer of the First 3 Presbyterian church in this city. - When the civil war broke out, Capt. 3 Gaillard raised a company in Oconee a County, (then Pickens,) which became ? Co. G., of the 12th Regiment, S. C. B Vols., commanded by Coi. Dunnovant, 5 and throughout the war he rendered 13 conspicuous service in that gallant r command. For twenty-eight years a prior to the war he was a wressenger in a the State Senate, while his father, Mr. b' Josiah Gaillard, occupied a similar pc "- sition in the House of Representatives. -His record since the war has been not t unlike the vast majority of men who (I made Iamous the title of Confederate a soldier, and he has quietly Pursued his r way without deviation from principle t and with a steadfast devotion to the -cause for which he fought, cherishing a strong and patriotic [ove for his na ltive State. Hle leaves an only son, A. D. Gail -lard, jr.. of this city, and a step-son, B Jos. W. Hiolleman, of Walhalla. Of a r large family he was the only survivor and the eldest of his mother's children -but his father was twice married, and ttwo half brothers reside in Newberry, -J. H-. and Win. Gaillard. e-A church has been built out of one e big tree at Santa Rosa, Cal. The ewhole structure and its furniture were ma erm one goodly spiecimen of sequoia. The interior is finished and Spaneled in wood also, and there were a lot of shingles left over. f --One of the wist'st sayings credited ~r to Dr. Samuel Johnson \vag that it is ~-worth *50,000 a year to a man always ah to be glAe to see the bright side of .a things. og --Nevada has a petrified tree over if 6100 feet high and nn in dameer