The people's journal. (Pickens, S.C.) 1891-1903, November 04, 1897, Image 1
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PEOP LES J
PICKENS, S. C., THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, ONE DOLLAR AYA
Wi AER
4 .
THE LEADERS,
In style assortment and prices. Years of persistent and continued under
selling have gained for us the reward of public conildence. We make no idle
boast when we positively aflirm that no house in this part of the country retails
7 merchandise, taking quality into consideration, at so little profit.
A Word About .Dress Goods.
In this new store and in this large department, you can find any thing you
wish. Listen a moment. Ono lot 48 Inch all wool reversible Serge in black
and colors, worth 50c,- our price 37e. One lot 38 inch Heavy Moh airs worth 35c,
our price 16* One lot fine finish HIenriettas (no off shades) black and colors.
would be cheap at 25o, our price 10. One lot 36 inch fancy two tone novelties
wprth 25c, our price ]5c. Same goods In 40 inch for 20c. One lot 54 inch Ladies
Cloths worth The for 490. One lot Ladies Cloths 54 inch worth 90c foe 58c. A
48 Inch black all wool Surah Serge 37c.
A WORLD BEATER.,
500 yards :38 inch Broad Cloths in all colors, worth 39c for 25c. Many more
unmatchable bargains, but space forbids, so come and see for yourselves.
A GOOD THING THROUGHOUT. 1,000 yards Red Twill Flannel must be
sold 121c a yad to 50c. Knockout prices. 2,000 yards Heavy Jeans in all shades
must go, 15c to 331o. 1,800 yards Cotton Flannel must move, 5c to 15c. 75 pairs
heavy r.-ad.y made Jeans Pants go at $1. $12.000 worth of Shoes at values never
offe red the trade before. The biggest store, the biggest stock, the biggest
variety and the lowest prices. What more could you wish? Pay us a call.
Very truly,
. H. MORGAN & ORG.
211 North Main Street, GRLENVILLE, S. C.
P. S.-Since movi.g into our New Store we have added a first class Carpet
Department. It is an aim to give to the trade the best for the least money.
When nerding anything in Carpets, Matting, Window Shades, Rugs, Art
Squares, & '., c.me and let us save you something.
BILL ARID ON HARD WOOD. nest. We fought them with brush and
-~ brooms and dirt., aud killed the last one
The Georgia - Philosopher Wi ites of before we quit. Of course we got stung
'Plhits And Trees 'ihat Thrive in the somtimo?, but there is where the
South. heroism came in. But now I have no
Someo%vI dn'tlikeinsnuaion. Aboys-they are all girls-and so I pour
- Somehow I don't like insinuations.A ed hot water in the hole where the
' cdrresponden frm Mississippi Insin- jackets wnt in, and it killed a few, but
- uates that I don't know very much there are over a thousand In the colony,
about black gum and sassafras and per- and they all got mad with me and ran
simmon, or I wouldent say that those
woods were good for hubs and bows and dead grass and old papers over the
gluts. Well, since I saw his "obiter grand entrance and poured kerosene
dicta" in your paper, I asked the fore- on it and set it on tire and killed a few
man of our wagon factory, and no said: more, but still I couldent miss them.
"We used. to get all the blackgum wo Then I got stung on the ear and that
could f.or hubs, for it has no grain, and made me mad and [ mixed upa pan full
,i you can't split it, and it makes a very of mortar and sous,)d it down into the
fine hub, but nowadays we buy all our hole and all around, and I piled up a
hubs ready made, and they are of post- big lot of clay and gravel on top and
oak." Dr. Porcher, who Is the highest waq ?urn I had them fast and would
authority concerning the trees and starve them t dth, utne mr
herbs of the South, says in his book: :n hyhdanw oea( rt
*The, wood of blackgum is extremelytedn tobsesatheam l
..,difficult to split, and is much used for sad aelu iceo mt
. hubs of wheels."1lwrptarndtermsstoan
, The.ilrst real line st.ring~oow I ever tecide wyadnwIa at
hia&was -bought from an Indian boy, igfrfrhrisrcin rmm
and It 4as made of the heart of sassa- fin nllsispi
f ras. He taught me how to fasten the WhnIwsltinFodaIule
-leathers in the arrows. That bow wasupaltesrotfthoppnaad
the envy of my schoolmates, and couldbouhitom an latdt.I
- .send an arrow out of sight.grwolncyadwekpItith
. Adead-persimmon, or one cut down ptls itradtaser~ tt h
and seasoned, makes a very hard, dura-grdnlssri.Itinoabeu
ble glut or wedge. Dr. Porcher sayseu itete bu ih ethg
-that the grain Is of such fine texturewihnmrubacesad tik
that he has -used It for engraving. Iwilbomnxsu erfwecnav
used to saw my gluts and thea bevel the itblnsoth mmsafiy
e4gss, and.round the top, and my boy adisdlct evsaeqiesml
}}6bbaid "dem simmon gluts etdg
' *00:4 ito pieces." betdg tvethuhnt53mc5(asisu
iTh.is a wonderful book of Dr.thtpatitblosreoudufd
Vbo1r's-a hook of 700 pages, con- biso ifrn oos u nieta
~inIg a description of every tree, pat hs al hdadlgtu
pt nt and shrub in our Southern land, oo.We rse noapnuho
afid their practical and medicinal uses.foaldysbruthywlpeum
Lt was published In 1869, and Its title Is,itfryasIamgigownert
"Resources of the Southern Fields and otieo h )tb roetn t ii
Forests." What patient and careful abre n ietp.Te hr r
investigation was necessary to p)roducethleovrensorirars,ht
such a book!l Twelve years were spent aeawy ersigaddlgtu
In the work, and the learned doctor be-toheoatry.W putesml
came a second Linneus in his devotion oe nteptadlaetelreoe
to it. And yet this book is hard to find,ou.Tethraravriyofpty
and I suppose is out of print. pat hs lwr ilgadnu l
And now the time has come for methwitrAgenose ihtb
to put away the flowers and there'ssitefetcnbbul dgase
trouble on the old man's mind. I have frtno ite olr n ti l
cleaned out the pit and arranged thewaspeinadrfnngtthfi
shelves to my wife's satisfaction, and iy seilyt h ieadduh
am now engaged In taking up the ger-a-trs
4 - niums and repotting the various plants. Adnwtecrsnhmm r
I have to go away down to the lowerbudnItoeayanfilgthar
part of the cow lot, where the rich wt rgac.Teewsatm
earth has gathered, and spade it upwhntelwrs eealgod,ad
and sift it into the wheelbarrow andhecitnaefo rosgld;bu
roll It up the hill like Ajax or Samson. teato h lrs a eeoe er
My wife has a great big round sifterlyithcoosfterano.Te
like the plasterers use, and after I ge t teeaetetl n ad ea
A load of earth and turn It out in the pns rcso,ta,lk h uf~w
broad walk near the p)it, then I have tooradtemniglrywllsig
haul a load of sand and sift that, and u nweeadeeyhr hte
then a load of wood ashes and sift that,yowatheorn. hreist
and then mix all together. She toldigprterha ahelomrng
-me how. She watches me fromt theglre,tirfalndbuiulhw
window, where she Is sowing, and en-errstnupnhedwgasatu
conrilges me by telling me not to work rs.W aehdawvt flvl
so hard, but to stop and rest awhileose. hssme ndaesilejy
Yesterday she came out to help me1(,igthexusebatyoLalan,
and when she wanted me to change thethbru,hemeo,ermjs,th
palm to a larger pot, and the hollo- Aeia euyadsm tes
.tro pe to a smaller one, I rebelled a Hwmn )et om aebe
little and asked her if she had noticed wItnaottefoesIhrc n
that yaller jackets' nest under the stoneoae mt' d o lwr ssbie
step, not far from whereoshe was stand-Mr.lemns"rig lo rstth
ing. The little boogers were just pour- Fi on rd"i e.Te
. Ing out and in, and as soon as she saw teei 'h itL~ fSme,
them she shook her skirts and departed b or,a( TeL~oTa l
those coasts with alacrity. She wants AePasn"admn tes lw
to know why I don't deostroy their nest. eaaontewdigadtegae
Well, I have tried. Time was when'Vearakntmui,ndbhpov
we sohoolboys d ident want any betterthloefGdtoiscaur.
fun han o break.uWa faougrjackhe'swit buandp
soetme, utthreiswhreth
THE HISIORY OF A GRET TRUST,
THE STANDAlD OIL COMPANY.
How Men of Small Means Becane
Multi--MilIllonaires--The Richest
Corporation in the World.
The richest and best mi tnaged cor
poration in the world is the Standard
Oil company, the stock of which
amounts to $150.000,000, and during the
last 30 years has made its holders all
fabulously rich men. In view of the
recent operations of those men to con
solidate all the gas companies across
the East river, New York, as they
have already done those in Brooklyn,
a movement which has driven up Now
York gas stock all the way from 40
points to 200 in three months-a study
of the means by which this corpora
tion has grown into its enormous power
and wealth is timely and interesting.
Such a study is given below.
The history of the origin and growth
of the Standard furnishes material for
one of the rarest romances of the con
tury. At the close of the civil war
Samuel Andrews, a recently arrived
immigrant, was porter for a small pro
duce house in Cleveland, O. Andrews
was of an inventive turn of mind, and
in his leisure hours devised a plan for
the refinement of petroleum much
more economical and effective than
the ones then in vogue. One of the
partners in the firm which employed
Andrews as porter was John D. Rtocko
feller, then 26 years of ago. Rocke
feller kept the books and looked after
the sales of the house. When An
drows told him about his Invention the
bookkeeper looked into it, and conclud
ing it promised well, invested what
money he had been able to save in
pushing It.
As a result of the combined efforts of
the two young men, and with the aid
of borrowed capital, a small refinery
was built and put into operation. The
refinery made money from the first,
and in a ycar or so Rockefeller sold out
his interest in the produce house and
gave his entire time to tbe new ven
ture. He induced his brother, William,
to start a relinery, which was soon con
solidated with the one owned by him
and Andrews. Then a warehouse was
opened in New York city for the sales
of the manufactured product of the
two refineries.
The Rockefellers and Andrews saw
millions within their grasp. All that
was needed was a little ready money,
and this kindly fortune at the right
moment throw in their way. Young
Henry M. Flagler h td married a rich
man's daughter, and his father-in-law
had started him in the lumber bu'i
ness in Michigan. F lagler, though a
bright fellow, was not intended for a
lumber man. In some way Rockefeller
got the ear of Flaglet-'s father-in-law
and told him his plans, which even
then contemplated the control of the
entire old production of the country.
Thel oil man gave the matter careful
consideration. Ilis son-in-law was not
making money as a lumber man and
Rockeieller'a plan seemed on the face
a good one. In the end he gave Flag
ler $60,000 and told him 0to go in with
the Rockefellors and Andrews.
Thus the Standard Oil company was
formcd with a capital stock of $100,0U0
and with John D. Rockefeller as Its
:rtsident,. It at once began to buy out
and crush out rival refineries, and now
its pipe line system is something pro
digious-a monster spider's web cover
ing thousands of miles. One line 300
miles long runs from Olean to Saddle
river, N. J , within easy distance of
the metropolis. An,ther line, 275
miles in length, runs from Colegrove,
McKean county, Pa., to Pniladelphia.
A third line runs from lidway, on the
Pennsylvania, to Baltimore, 70 milvy.
A~ fourth line, 100 miles long, rur:s
from HJilliar-ds, Pa., to Cleveland. A
tifth lIne, 60 mnile, in length, connnects
Carbon Centre, Butler county, Pa.,
with l'ittsburg, and another lijn of
about the same length runs from l?our
Mile, Cottaraugus county, N. Y., tQ
HlulTalo. Moro recntly a line has
been laid between LIma, 0., and
Chicago, 200 miles.
All these lines at-c owned and con
trolled by the National Trust company,
another name for the Standard Oil
company, which thus. connects the
sources of p)roduction with; its mamn
moth relineries in the great cities, l3e
side these main lines It owns thous
ands of miles of smaller lines, run
ning from its tanking stations to the
wells of individual op)erators. Some
idea of the magnitude or this branch
of its businesa can be obtainedl from
the recent statemnent a Standard mnag
nate that $10,000,000 would not cover
the cost of the lines and tankage recn
dered useless during the last five year's
by the failure of the fholds in which
they ar-e located.
The Standard takes the oil of the
p)roducor as it comes from tihe ground,
measur-es and pays for- it., transports
it to Its relineries, refines it, pIpes it to
market, and sells it. Until recently it
has never figured as a p)rodlucer, but
Its complete and perfect system gives
it ab-solute contr-ol of the oil tr-ado. All
this has grown since 1866 fr-om at
original investment of. less than $75,
000, made by four young men, who saw
a grand opportunity fur money imking,
andI were brainful enough and shrewd
enough to take advantage of it..
The railroad bomp)anies woro- at the
mer-cy of the gr-cat monopoly. The
late President Scott of the Ponnsyl
van Ia road acknowledged on ~the wit
ness standl that his coinpany dare trans
por-t only the oil of the Standar-d, and
Commodore Vanderbilt said a year or,
two before he died that, there was only
one man he would allow to dictate to
himt, and that man was John D. Rock'e
feller.
Absolute in its command of the r
fining trade, the Standarmd forced the
railroads to do Its bidding until 1880.
Then they robelled and tbe Standard
reduced their revenue and roendered it
impo-ssible for them to figure as a
factor in the control of the oil tr-ado by
building pipo) lines, and thr-ough them
transporting to tide water,.Its oil;, bot
cr-ude and refined.
It built and operated Its own acid
and glue works, and barrel factories,
whIle its enormous volume of business
gave it a commanding Influence with
the rali-road companies. At one time
the Penn-ylvania rond In 17 months
p)aid it over $10,000,000 as robtates on
the oil car-riotd over- Its lines. It is
indeed a gigantic om-paton
AN FXPEIlT'$ OPINION.
The Importance of' a Textile School
to Clenson College-Necessary and
Beneficial to tho South.
The following letter from M. C.
Brooks, manager of the Lowell Textile
school, will be read with interest. The
subject, being one of great importance
and now engaging 'the attention of all
intercsted'in the State's industrial pro
gress:
The question of the advisability of
establishing some system of technical
education in connection ,vith the tex
bile industries of the South, to my
mind, requires no discussion. If tech
stcal education is worth having at all,
It is certainly rcqulred in a section of
the country whore textile mnanufactur
Ing is in its infancy, and whi re the
lack of skilled overseers and superin
b6ndents is felt more than in any other
nuufacturing iistrict.
The nu'iufacturer's of New Eegland
have realized the necessity for the es
ablishment of textile schools in their
nidst, and I speak from personal
cnowledge of both sections, when I say
.bat textile education is just as neces
ary, and will prove just as bone lieal,
f not more so in the South than in the
orth. The point to consider, there
ore, is not the necessity, but the
xpediency of establishing textile
chools, or classes. Probably the best
top that could be taken for the South
vould be to establish a large and well
quippea cotton spinning and weaving
chool in the centre of the district,
vhieh has the most mills, but this
vould require an expenditure of a t 0 -
iurable sum of money, not only for
quipment, but for maintenance after
vards, as the school would not be self
upporting ; in fact to attain the
tighest degree of usefulness, textile
ehools should givo instruction at a
iominial fee.
At the present moment it is not ad
,isablo to establish a school of this
rind, becauso in the first place it is
rery doubtful whether the State legis
atures are suliciently alive to the
iecessities of technical education to
ippropriate the necessary funds, and
n the second place, it is doubtful
,vhether the manufacturers themselves
would defray the cost of equipping a
school.
In this present communication, that
s a point for the trustees of the col
ego and not foN me to consider.
Another plan would be to organize
-ourses of instruction in each manu
lacturing centro utilizing one of the
local mills as a textile school aud
asing the reading room, which is often
lound in a manufactring community,
is a lecture room. I have no doubt, as
to the popularity of this method of in
struction, for the classes would be un
tioubtedly -;ell attended, but I ant very
doubtful as to the utility of this plan.
There are very few quallied toacherr
available, and the sa are mostly local
superintendents or overseers who are
not desirous of educating young men
to step into higher positione (which
might he their own). and thus a feet
ing of jealousy might pr vent the in
parting of us( ful instruction. This
system might, thus bring discredit on
textile technleaf education and injure
the movement in . its favt.r wherc
is, ono p'roperlyc quipped textile
chool, would show the manafacturers
lcided aclv.antagcs through its estab
ishment in their midst. These local
,chools ought to follow the central
cehool and not precede its establish
nr-nt.. if they con lId ho. supplled with
raveling teachers from a central
chool situated in the same State and
tct as feeders to this central school,
hen they would be of use, otherwise
not.
Coming down to the details as to es.
Lablishing and equipping a school es
Limatei to cost'about $I15,000, in the
irst place. - should not recommtend
any instructioni to be attempted, out
tide of the manipulaition .of the cotton
ibr,e ; it would prove far more satis
rfactor'y to establish andl perfect depart
ments for the -teaching-of cotton pick
ng, carding, spinning. an-d weaving;
Jyeing and finishing rather than- tc
ttemopt.in thme lirst, instance to teach
Lh-e tranufacture of silk, wvool, or other
lIIbres. - --
SAssume their that't cotton school
bas been decided upon. I should re
30ammend .that bot,h the manufacture
if the .yarn and .the manufacture o1
.aloth should bed taught.~ For certain
3ountries and certain sections of the
:ountry, I should -not r'ecommendl the
3stablishment of the carding .and spin
ding dlepartment p)rimarily, as the
weaving is the- mosth suitable to coi
rnonec with, b)ut in the cotton states,
[cortai.nly .feel .that a school ought ten
bJe started to g'ivo instruction in all
uhe processes from p)icking to cloth
lying.
1>ti mating that the building would
::ost. .$5.000, the. most important ques~~
ion that -arises after*ards is the
2(quip)ment, c: machinery. I have no
:loubt but what this wIll b)e reandity
p)rocuriable as a gift, from the various
m'actinis's. in Order to enlist the
sympathics and assistance of the ma.
3hino makers, I should recoimmend
that the equipment be obtained from
ias immny different irms its possible,
)ne or two machines from each. Of
::ourse when the machinery has been
3ontrib)uted, there still rmains con
4iderable expense, sutch as the eret,ion
>f the shaftring, belting, the installa
ion of the motive power.
A furt.her sum w~oulId 1be requ ired for
aho equipment of lecture andl class
ooms, for the p)rovision of educational
upparatus, charts, diagrams itnd thc
agrnishing of ollices, installation of
ire protection and so on, so that $10,
)00 would ptrobably not go farthier
,han provide for the eqiplmnent of nt
uchool for the teacehing of cotton pick
ng, carding, spinning and spoioling,
murping weaving and fabric dlesigo
eng. If any balance remains, it umighi
be used( in ptutting in an exp)orlhnenta
lyoling plant. The college will un
]outbtedly already have the noccssar3
,hemical laboratories, which could hi
15sed in ~corinnetion with, this dyeing
plant. As to the urrfiniljm [ shou lt
recoumnod P. sectional plan of studies
us-for examplle, a ciertain periiod to be
devoted to cotton pIcking, carding
combing, spinning and sciences alliei
to those branches of manufacture
This course would occupy nine months
secorndly, a similar' time would be de
vbted to cotton spiooling, warping
slashing. andl weaving of all fabric
and allied scinces. 'rdl.., a simil
time to designing cotton cloth, and Ao
on, and (out t ny, a simillar period of
nine months applied to dyoinw of cot
ton goods, presuming that the student
has a previous knowledge of chein
istry. Thus in four years a student
could go through the whole course,
having a vacation of three months in
each year, or if ho desires it, ho could
take up a sectional study, and in one
year perfect himself in any one of the
four sections of cotton manufacturing
and th) sciences, and other studies al
lied to each.
[ would suggest that whatever
money Is spent, should be spent only
on a building that Is Intended to be
permanent. In equipping a school, as
the trustees of the Clemson College
will know, there Is so much work to be
done on the building itself that it is
useless for any other building, such as
carpenter work, plumbing, work, pip
litting, and so on, that a considerable
amount of money can be wasted on a
building, which is not adapted for per
manent use as a school.
The above is merely an outline of my
own views In this matter, and I ofler
the remarks merely as suggestions.
The members of the faculty of Clem
son will have probably ditY'terent and
more mature views than I have.
U. P. 131oot:s.
A BOON TO SClENCIH.
The Yferkes Telescopo Is the Largest
Strueture of its Kind in the
World.
Atlanta Constitution.
The ouccessful installation of the
great Yorkes telescopo it Lake
Geneva, Wis., during the past week
cual!s attention to the rapid strides
which the science of astronomy has
made In recent years.
Although the study of the horvens
began upon the plans of Chaldea more
than four thousand years ago, the sci
once of astronomy is still inconplite.
Indeed with the exception of thos,
great fundamental laws whieh govern
the movements of the p1anetary budics,
our knowledge of the vast universe
about us is not only limited In eharac
ter, but for the most part speculative
and uncertain. As to the fixed stars
which keep their nightly vigils over
the earth there is ab,olutely nothing
of any scientific value known. Ab
yet astronomy has failed to pene
trate the mystery which shrouds these
distant orbs : and even the sun itself,
which lights up the universe with Its
refulgent rays, still refuses to unfold
to scientific research the secret of its
own dazziing tires.
But, in spite of the Ignorance which
still obscures our contemplation of the
heavens, the progress of rstronomty in
recent years has, nevertheless, been
marked along certain lines. In the
various In,titutions of learning
throughout the country deeper interest
is today tak< n In the study of astro
noric problems than ever before in our
history. This is due in somne measure,
perhaps, to the wagnilicent sums of
,:iiii;j't i'hav b u ''txpent-d In
recent years upon the building of
monster telescopes, but even t,hese
nagnificent expendit,ures owe their
existence in great measure to the pro
gress In astronomy occasiored-by pr
ceding researches.
Up to the completion of the Yerkes
telescope at Lake Geneva the largest
structure of its Kind in this countrv,
or in the world, as for that matter,
was the fameus Lick telescope on
Mount Hamilton, California. But the
Yorkes telescope now rightly claims
the first place. Its gigantic lens is
2; por cent, more powerful than that of
the Lick telt scope, w hi Ic other modern
improvements still further Increase it
advantages. The telescope is the gift
of Mr. Charlhs T. Ycrkes, of Chicago,
to the university of that cIty, and re
p)resents In its eltaborate mechanisni
the -um of $300,000.
Work uponIf the mionister telCe1cop
began some fivo years ago, and the
timen occupied ini buildineg It shtows the
gigantic and yet, at the same time ex
execeedingly dielicto character of the
st,r'cture. T1his magnificent gift to
science Is bound to pireduce splendid
results ; .and besides arousing greater
piopular interest in asatronoimy, thor'o Is
no0 t,el! ing to what discoveries It, may
lead the eye of scientific research.
Wimy CUinA S1IouIsu Bj ANNF:XICD
-The Atlanta Constitut,ion gives the
following as one of the latest reason
aidvainced for annexing Cuba to the
United States:
Dr. Gutiteras, the yellow fever ex
poert centonds that such a course Is
absolut,ely necessary if the Imanportation
of yellow fever germs Into this coun
try from Cubha is to ho e Ifectual ly
checked. UnderIW exist,ing retgultiotlns
the yellow fever expoert, ntates that
Spanish oilicials are in the habit of
giving healt>h certificates to vess-. 's
sailing from Havana witbout the least
regtard to the prevalence, of ypIlw
fever- on the island andl that untdenibly
tbe recent, outb)reak of the scourge
along our coast lines- Is duo in large
meaisure, if not excltisively, to the
yellow fever germs brought, over in
theso vessels, D)r. uiter as further
states that the frightful epidemnic of
I1878 was caused in Ilice man ner by
Cuban vessels dr'pping anchor In our
south Atlant,ic and gulf ports. As the
result of, that opidemic, to qjuoto the
figures cited b)y D)r. Giter'as, the loss
Inflicted upon the United States
amuou, ted in reound numbers to $200,
O0J0,000, or more than enough to buy
the ISland1 twice over.
In view of theso considerations, the
Abwfver exp)ert (contetnds that the
United Stat,es a vernment ,.. underu im
plied obllg..zons of the most hlinding
character to acqJuire Cuba b.y some
mean- or other and to proceed at 'unce
to place the island under such strin
gent regtulationsu that yellow fever
germs cannot possibly be imported
therefrom intoi the Unit,cd States. Dr.
GJuiteras is strongly inclined to the
orilnion that in the course of time, by
aopting rigl(d sanit,ary measures, the
isfandl can be effectually purged of
yellow fever germs. Whatever the
actual force of the suggestion ad vane'd
b)y D)r. Guiteras may be, the fact t,bat
it comfes from one of the leadIng physi
cians tied yellow fever explerts In the
country entitlcs it to grave considera
tion.
.The density of poptulation is great
s est in Europie, wheru It averages 9J7 t<
r the square mIle
We Expect t
It you do not get to
must not fail to come to
and all a cordial invital
pleasure in showing you
of goods as it has ever b
see in these parts. We
full trade, and shall endei
terest, one and all, to.giv<
are now offering
Some Rare Barg
In unseasonable goods. We certali
lot of Men's Fur Hats, ranging in T:
9)t. each. We ar beginning to re
right here that it will pay you to l
to the lacket. and know for yoi
I(AC(iCiRT S'TOlt': for one dollar.
are not stuck on ts much, 1. o., not
not stop until you are safe in the St
want and as cheap as you can buy i
Wishing for you, one and all, g
Bryan's I'reu Silver, with Uncle Sa
your servants to please,
NEW YORK R
l';,sevy, s. C.
\V11OL,EM'ALI FARMING.
The Mammllotii Operations of the
1onan E1k Wheat Farnms in the
Nor h west.
The recent flurry about ' dollar "
wheat, and the good prico which this
great tapile crop has commanded this
year, because of political signilicanco,
have given universal protunnenco to
the crop in t,be news)apiers. In view
of this pubbliity an art,ile in Serib
ne1s Magazine on "' TIe Ilusiness of a
V heat Frm," by Will ian Al lon
White, is timely and interesting. I
is handsomely illustrated and duals
with the wholesale farning operations
of the bonanza wheat, farms in the
valley of the "led River of thu North,"
where the stream fiows through North
Dakota. The writer of th article
takes issue with the customary clabsi
tieation of " bu,rness men and farm
err," and declares that the great, farm
er of thi; Nort,hwest must combine
many talents and must be) a business
man Iirat and a tiiler of the soil after
wards.
Te land is as Il1t as a floor and
wheat fields stretch way to the hort
zon as far as the eye can reach like a
teaof waving graii. The average size
(If one of these big farnb is 7,000 ucres.
Iloes are unknown. The uiilet, ii,
plement ined on thu farii is a plow,
and these are operateU twenty or thirty
in it gang, each pulled by live horses,
and naaing two furrows att time.
'hoy travel an average of twett.y
mligles a day, andd an rvf-'eri on horse
back or in a buggy accoinpanies each
gang. The drilling, harrowIng, and
narve ting are all d>ne in the sanme
wholesale wity by thet% nist improved
machinery, in which the operator has
li tile, mor to-do than to sit in his scat,
and guid the horses, and operate
brakes, levers, etc., that control the
machinery. ltrom the sowing of the
seed to the storing in the elevatur
almost everything is done by mat
ehinery, and from thu time the wheat
sheaveb are tumbled into thu wagoz
utili the lloura reacehos the eooks no hui
man hand t,ouches it. Something of
the uize of t,hese farms may be gather
ccl from tbo fact tht,t distances acrosi.
them anro so great that even hiorsebacki
omnmuniaeition is imanpossibl)e and Lobo
p lhone lines furnish communication be
twcen the general manager and thc
division overseers ; and the crows oj
onands in one end of the far'm do not sea
the crews at, the other end during ua
entire plantitng or harvest,ing seaeon
Scattered about, over the farm are din
ing halls five. or six miles apart, in
wyhich the hands are served with tbh
meals, but, sometincs at noon the plow
ing or reapilng gang are two or three
mniles from their dining hail, and ib
busy seasons it is found more profit
able to foed the hands in the fidi
rather than have thorn trudge to thi
dl.,ing hall.
Trhcero Is a regular stable gang tha
lo.,ks after the horses used on thi
farm, and the men who drive them il
plows or harvoster8 never have any
thing to do with their care. Thur
are usually .100 horses in each divisio
of the farm. In addition to the dinin
hall there is a dormitory in each of th
three divibions of the farm where bed
are provided for the hands, On thes
faitms a large percentage of the labo
is traxnnsicnt, employed for a few weekt
at a time during the planting seaso
and again during the harvesting sea
son. Usually about fifty men are en
pilod during the ploughing seasor
They are pad , by the month--abou
$25, including board, lodging an
washing. They eat break fast at
o'clock in the morning, have an hou
at noon and supper at 8:30. A bou;
thirty cows furnish milk for the worl
men. There are two i votors, one a
either end of the farm and- situate
alonig the 'r'ailroad track. Combine
they will hold 100,000 bushels of whoa1
There Is a central of1lee wherein th
boookkeeper and general manage
dirct the business of the farm. Tuic
p hone lines run to the division supoi
intendents' homes and other importari
points on the farm. There is a com'
pleto blatcksmith and wheel-wr'ight an
wood working outfIt, and in a stor
room is kept a carload of extra part
of the different machines used on th
farm, so that in Case of breaking th
parti can be promptlirreplaced wihoi
causing hijLr-lous -delays. The pign
the land and the im' 9V%.mihtb onr sue
a farmir are worth iabouf, $3Oii
$210,000.
An ldch of the .coia ?perations
these farms is convoyed:- by. th6 writt
in this way:. Averaging t.wenty bus
ela to the acre we -have 140,000 bushc
as the yleldi. Puit ig'600 buebels it
car and.allowing 'fobi.g' feet' tt' -the ci
) it would rc(quire a tfpit,wo rniles lo;
to haul the .crop ot pne farrn..
Try Ourselves
Easley before Fall, you
see us. We give to one
ion, and will take great
as nice and as cheap line
cen your good fortune to
are preparing for a big
vor to make it to your in
us your patronage. We
ains - - - -
i2y can interest you I We have one
rice frem $1.25 to $1.75, all to go at
ceive our FALL GOODS, and say
old to your dollars until you an get
irself how much you can buy at the
We are aware that our competitors
in love with us. But be sure you do
ore where you can buy what you
mnywhere.
ood success, and William Jennings
m's seal, E. Pluribus Unum, we are
ACKET STORE
CILYI) & NALLY, Proprietors.
the crop had to be carried to mill in
the old-fashioned way in two-bushel
sacks on a mule, the procession would
stretch more than halt way from
Brooklyn to Buffalo. The crop of the
entire r l River valley conveyed in
the same way would require as many
1ceple as there are in New York,
Pennsylvania and Massachusetts to
ride the mules, and make a procession
clear around the globe and back to the
Klondike country. It requires nearly
9,000 bughels of wheat for seed to plant
one of these big farms. It costs in the
expense of cultivation and the wear
and tear on horseflesh and machinery,
insurance, etc., $5.70 an acre to operate
one of these farms, or about thirty
cents a bushel to produce the wheat;
calculating an average yield of 19
bushels per acre. Figuring the in
terest for the time that must elapse
from the tin- i of planting to selling,
and the in' rest on the plant, Mr.
White flgu ,s out the profits on the
suce'tsfully operated farm to be only
$2 50 per aca a, and from that down all
the way to actual loss, on a basis of 55
cents per bushel as the average selling
price.
CAPT. A. D. GAILLARD.
I)mnth of' a Venerable and Patriotio
lii/1'1-t1-He iid LiveI vV"our i oore
I" ''atN,
Grec,ville Mountaineer.
Tho death of an aged person, ripe
for the sickle of the Reaper, brings an
inevitable sorrow to all .who are bound
by uacred ties that have been formed
during a long and useful life, although
the snapping of life's chords break the
tendrils none the less because of length
ened- growth. But the venerable and
decrepit, as they march slowly down
the hill, are watching for the light on
the other side of the river, and are
fast losing hold upon the concerns of
their earthly existence, while reaching
out toward a reunion with the hosts of
relatives and friends who are beckon
lng from the otber shore. This seem
ed to be the case with the venerable
Capt. A. D. Gaillard, of this city, who
dlied on the 27th inst, at the home of
his son, A. D. Gaillard, jr. in the 82nd
year of his age, after a lingering Ill
ness. For several years his feebleness
was apparent to all, and since the
death of his beloved wife a few years
ago it was noticeable that he was de
clining quite rapidly.
Capt. Gaillard was born in the vicin
ity of Pendleton, where at one time
there was a large connection of that
name, and for mary years he lived in
and near Walhaila, removing there
soon after the town was started, Hie
was always a quiet, unobtrusive man,
respected byis neighbors, and main
taining a character for integrity abd
up rightness that challenged criticism.
Hew was a Presbyterian, end for a long
time served as elder in the church at
Walballa. Hie was a brother of the
o late Rev. S. S. Gaillard, who was the
3 first p astor and organizer of the First
3 Presbyterian church in this city.
- When the civil war broke out, Capt.
3 Gaillard raised a company in Oconee
a County, (then Pickens,) which became
? Co. G., of the 12th Regiment, S. C.
B Vols., commanded by Coi. Dunnovant,
5 and throughout the war he rendered
13 conspicuous service in that gallant
r command. For twenty-eight years
a prior to the war he was a wressenger in
a the State Senate, while his father, Mr.
b' Josiah Gaillard, occupied a similar pc
"- sition in the House of Representatives.
-His record since the war has been not
t unlike the vast majority of men who
(I made Iamous the title of Confederate
a soldier, and he has quietly Pursued his
r way without deviation from principle
t and with a steadfast devotion to the
-cause for which he fought, cherishing
a strong and patriotic [ove for his na
ltive State.
Hle leaves an only son, A. D. Gail
-lard, jr.. of this city, and a step-son,
B Jos. W. Hiolleman, of Walhalla. Of a
r large family he was the only survivor
and the eldest of his mother's children
-but his father was twice married, and
ttwo half brothers reside in Newberry,
-J. H-. and Win. Gaillard.
e-A church has been built out of one
e big tree at Santa Rosa, Cal. The
ewhole structure and its furniture were
ma erm one goodly spiecimen of
sequoia. The interior is finished and
Spaneled in wood also, and there were a
lot of shingles left over.
f --One of the wist'st sayings credited
~r to Dr. Samuel Johnson \vag that it is
~-worth *50,000 a year to a man always
ah to be glAe to see the bright side of
.a things.
og --Nevada has a petrified tree over
if 6100 feet high and nn in dameer