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TH-1 GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE (CONTINUED FROM FIRST PAGE.) miums be required to be paid direct into the State treasury, and, if necces sary, the proportion adjusted between the several counties. Undor the terms of the new constitution the General Assembly is authorized to imposO a graduated tax on incomes and oni pro. fossions and businees occupations. It is hardly necessary for me to arguo to your honorable body the justico of an Income tax. It has been advocated upon every stump and throughout the entire Union as- the most equitable system Of taxing the rich in proportion to the poor. It is impossiblo to devise a system that will secure a just return of personal property. It has boon the dream of legislators and statosmon for years, and we aro no nearer a solution of the problem today than we were a century ago. I believe an incomo tax will greatly assist in solvin r the prob lom. The present time will be known to history as the great bond era in the history of our country. As woalth be comies contralized its power is brought to boar, with all its corruptii.g influ onces, te obtain non-taxable securities. The citi.~ons of towns and cities and corporations require more protection from governmot than the rural popula tion, and it is but propcr that they should betar a greater proportion of its burdens. Under the law money in vested in State and United States bonds is exompt from from taxation. The stock of banks and corporations is excmipt In proportion to the amount 0! their capital Invested in Stato bonds. This was intended to encourage th banks to assist the State in refuiidiiny her debt, and yet not one would con< to her rescue at the critical nomel and we were forced to sell the hond: in foreign markets. Since that time however, the banks and investors o the State havo purchased them, pay ing large premiums for them, unti now almost the entire issue is Owno)0t in Charleston and other cities of tht State. This ca)ital can only be roach od by an incomo tax and I respectfully recommend to your honorable body that a graduated tax ho placed on all Incomes of $1.000 and upwards, and that county auditors bo given full au thority to hoar evidonceo and resort to such other moans as to your honorable body may soom oxpedient to obtain fill I and accurate return. It will he neces sary for you to provido for the pay mont of the salary of the varoious school corlmissioners and Other eX)CnC fo' collecting and dirbursing school funds out of the general taxes as the constitu tion providos. It will be uniecessary for the expensOs of the State penitentiary and the dispensary to be paid out of the general fund, as both institutions are Solf-supporting. I would there fore, recommend Ithat in your appro priations for these institutioris you s)ecilically state that such amounts be paid out of their earnings to be de posited in the State treasury for that purpose. l'HOSIlATI INTE-RE.ST. This itnlstry hats never recovered from the vclonte of 1 "3 t, and I fear never will. We have no longer a monopoly of tle bAsinCss, and the dis covery of phosphliate rock in 1lorida, Tennessee and Algers has made coin petition very lively. The report of I'hosphate Inspector ,Jones is gloomy and discouraging, but I fear Mr. Jones takes too pesi mistic a view of the situa tioni. Th'le State received from January, I189) , to .h inunary, 1 81J6, $ti2,898.30, which was lace(d to the account of the sink ing fund. L'rom Jlanuary, 181)5, to .Janu ary, 189tfi, the receipts were $91,532.27, which also placed to the credit of the sinking fund. Besides there was $1, 155.912 received in November and Doe cember last, which was placed to the credit of the general account in the treasury, mnak ing in all $1i5,69 . 19. There is now due and unpaid by the phosphate companies the sum of $141, 019,55 royalty upon rock actually mined and sold. Thlis added to the above amount gives $l19,7 I0.71 , the amount that should have bee~n rceivod from ,Ianuary 1st, 18957, to .lanuary 1st, 1896, representing an ouit1pout of 219,420 tons. Ilho phosphate royalty reeived for the fiscal year ending ()ctober 31st, 1892, was $152,28fi..l. TPhis upon a rpyalty of $1 pier ton. Upon0a the same royalty woe would have received for thme past fiscal year $211),121.15. it miust he takeni into consideration that the State receives royalty only from rock actually sold and delivered, andl not from that actuial ly min aed. We arc dependent upon the honesty of thme compJanies and the ability oIf thme phlos phate inspector toalseertai n the amnount paid and received for the rock for our estimate upon which to claim royalty. Last year wias a disastrous one for phosphate and fertilIizer' companies every where, caulsed1 by short eropsh) and( still shorter plrofits. Unless the situaL tion has greatly changed since my in spection of the phosphate i nter'csts last spring, I am satislied that it would be unwise in your honorable body to accept the recommnendlationi of the phios p~hate inspector to redunce the r'oy'alty to 25 cents per toun. I have heard of no complaint from the phosphate comn panics on accoumnt of the royalty. and] I am satisfied it is low enough, for the present at least. There is now duo and unp~aidl by phos0 phato miners r'oyalty of the p~ast and1( previous years to the amount of $S8 - 0941.70. This amount should have been paid into the treasury, and I have im prosed pontho otlicers charged with are all under bond, however, and no danger need be feared as to its ultimate payment. TIONS. It Is always a pleasure to the ex ecutive to visit the State hospital for' the insane. T1hiis institution is manag ed and conducted in a manner that must satify the mnest hypercritical. While the amount of the appropria tion asked for is applar'ently greater than that for the preceding year, a study of its details will show that a reduction has been made in the per capita maintenance fronm $123.371 last year to *l116.76 for the present year. You will see from the recommendation of the board of regents that an elfor't wlas made during the past year to pur ohse the Wallace rrt, consist 1eg -of 108 acres of I nd, adjacent to edto,00,whi thie regents oxlpct forthoa u ofthe sum appropriated covering ae - e ihtitueaon could not Oeoo eiht n ar.nge ment, for the re4, that an believe it unwise to establish t prbeieent whereby the board of ae Streednt stitution .could increany te pbin debt of the State to such an pmunti without express authority fro tmoun general assembly. If the bordm can purchase such an amount of proern upon no other authority than thet own, they could to anunum~e amount involve the State in d. propei'ty at the present time for the reason that, It will be absolutely neces sary to the needs of the institution in uturo, and I im satilled to wait, for bat emergoncy would ontail upon the stato a considerable amount of in crease in the value of the prop)erty, which 18 within the city 1.1mits. I have such great respoct for the judgment and ability of the superintendent and treasurer of the institution as to un hostatingly endorse their recoinmenda tions. The urgent necessity for a brick building for the confinement of the colored insano will, I am sure, 1iress itsolf upon your judgment. It is unjust, and, to say tho least, in humane, to confino those unfortunate in a firetrap or place of torture, as the present quarters now som to be. The brick have been manufactured and everything is in readiness for the builder. During the past year a vacancy occurred in tho 0111co of second assistant physician, caused by the resignation of Dr. W. A. Kirby. it is a matter of congratulaIt-in to the StatO and to the institution that I was so fortunate in stcuring the services of Dr. Sarab Campbell Allen, to fill the vacancy. Dr. Allen is a South Caro linian by birth, and the able manner In which she performs the duties of tho position, and the love borne her by the female inmates proves the wisdom of placing a woman physician in charge of those unfortunato patiei.ts of her own sex. I coimeind to your careful considera tion the carefully prepatred and in structive report of the superi ntendent of this institution. ST AT I. PENITECNTIARY. The report of the superintendent and hoard of directors of this institu Lion shows it to b in Ia healthby, sue cessfiul and soun id finanmcial condition. The numiaber' of prisoners coulinled dur ing tihe last, lIscal year is 72 less than for the previous year. This is duo to the sentencing of short term-convicts to the county chain gang. It is to bo hoped that the num1ber1 )' sentenced i will increaso to such an oxtent as to 1 allow all convicts scutencod to the penitentiaRy to bo employed within the wal Is or u pon the farms operated by thb StatO. The prWLtOCO of lea'ing convicts to privaty pailes is objection able to the people of the Stato and liablo to be abused. In one case, in tho county of Oconce, I was compelled to or(ler out the militia for the pur pose of protecting a convict wlo had been assigned to a Iivato contractor within that county. The people be- 1 came ind ignant at t.he liberties allowed a convict, who deserved the sevorest punisiihment. I dosire to say, however, tlhat this was caused by a guard acting without authority and not from any order of the superintendent. When called to the attention of the authori ties of the penitentiary the convict was promptly conveyed to and confined within the walls of the prison. I regret to sOO a want of harmony among the board of directors, as will appear. to you from the minority report sub mitted by Mr. Willoughby. The mat tor submitt d in such Ireport were called to my attention, and I met with the board in order to soo that every means and such information as the books alforded wore givon the )oard for their direction. Mr. Willoughby Was appointed a committee of one to inquiro into the contracts made by the superintendent, and to eorrespond with dealers throughout the United Statcs with a view of obtaining suip plies for the institution at, as low a pr'iee as possile. 1 have not roecciv~ed n14i' epor't, on account of amy inability to attend the last mueotinag of the board, but, I am satisflou it wil Il) pear upon th . minutes duly recor'd ed. I wouldi respectfulfly recommitend, however', that, youar huonorable body aippoint, a 'omit1,ooe to investigate the alfai rs of th is institution in dolenice to the request of Mr. Willoughby, and make thoir r'eport at this session. By rferonce to the report of the superiintendecnt it will be seen that the institution comnmences the new ycar' with $i5,69'.5.87 in cash aind supplies. With r'easonable good fortune we may expoet, at the end of the next fis cal year- a revenue to the State of $25,000 from the not ear'nings of this institution. The salaries of the olilem's for the past year' have been paid out of the Staito tr'easury, and would have been refunded but for the r'eason that we deem it inadvisable to sell the criops5 on hand at pre'sent pr'icos, with a possibility' of being compelled to buy other sulpplies latter in the your atL highm' prices. T1his will not be neces sary foi' another year'. In this connection I desire to call your attention to the agr'eement be tween this institution and the Colunm bia Electric Stiroet Railway, Light and Power Company. When the State transfeorr'd the canal to the Columbia Power Company it reserved 500 water hiorse-power. This was disposed of under' this aga'ooment as follows: Trite company agreed to take the 500 horse power' and1 fully developed it ; and further aga'rod to paiy the State $2,500 for the saime, with pro'viso that upon dleimand the company would del it or p~ower' not exceeding 100 hois-power ait any point within the walls of the penitontiary desired by the supor'in tondent, (101iver'ed from eloctr-ic geneor ator's or in such other' manner as thbe company should elect for the use aind benefit of the penitentiai'y, at tne rate of $5 p)or hor'se-power per annum. Duo notice has been soa'ved upon the pr'esident of the company by the au perintcndent of the penitentiary that this power would be r'equired to be de Iiver'ed within the walls of the poeni tuntiary as per the contract, and foi' the company to exereise its right, of election as to the manner of delivering the same. To this demand no written reply has been received, but the presi dent hais had several interviews with the superintendent and myself with refer'ence thereto, with no satisfactoi'y results. It is very desirable that the Statoe should have this power for' the following purpjoses: 1st. F'or power needed in the peni tentIary, for running hosiery mill and lIghting purposes. 2d. For lighting the State hospital for the insane. 3d. For lighting the State capitol and gr'ounds. 4th. iFor lighting the South Care ia college.] 5th. For. lighting the executive mansion. The first point to be ascertained isi whether the power at the disposal of the State is sufficient for the above purposes, and second, whether' the use of su.3h power for these purposes wIll I p~ay the State. Froem information given me by experts, this power would be am ple, as the following will show . The penitentiary requires 25-horsn powdor during the day, but this may be reuced to 10-horse power after5< o'clock p. in. The hospital for the: insane uses about 380 incandescent< lights, requiring about 40-horset power.j The eapitol usen about 200 lights, re-1 - quiring about 20-horse power. The' South Carolina college would require 4 about 300 lights, and the exccntivoe manaion uses lights that require fromi 1 to 2-horse power. One hundred J ,1 horso power would generally suflico for the above and with a small supple mental storage battery would be en tirely sunlicient. As to whether the State would be repaid by using this power, the following statenint will indicato the present status iliECOIPTS. Prom the electric light com pany for rent 500-horso power por annum........... $2,500 Lighting insane hospital...... $2,200 Da pitol. ............ ........1,200 Clego ........................ 200 Mansion..................... 108 Ponitentiary......................... . .125 Total.............................. $ :3,821 The above shows a balance of ox pendtture of $1,321 without the cost Incurred by students and professors in the college for private lighting, which might be supplied at like cost by the Stato out of the 300 lights above allow od. The buildings are already wired, with the oxception of the South Caro lina college, and I am informed that the expense of pols, wire, etc., and the necessary plant would not exceed $5,000. The saving to the State would bo $3,520 por annum, including tile ap proximate amount to be received from the professors and students for light at the college. The estimated cost of maintaining and operating this plant is $930 per annum. This subtracted from the disbursoments now made by the State for lighting would leave it balance of profit to the State of $2,001. Add to this the estimate of the amount to be received from professors and students- $625-and we have a total siaving to the State $3,520 por annum. .1'his would be a dividend of8 per cent. in a plant costing $44,000. In con lusion, I would give it as my unpro fessional opinion that the investment required will be fully warranted and probably would fall under $5,000. I .tn satisfied the entire woi k could be mporvised and performed by the elec. brician and young men from Clemson ollcge, with a detail of Stato convicts [o heavy labor, which will reduco to a ninimum the total cost of installation. Tile great desideratunu Is to obtain he lights for the public institutions )f the State as reasonable as possible. f the power company will furnish hlem at cost, it will be well to continue Ahe contract u)on such terMs. DICAl' AND ULNI) ASYLUM. This institution continues to be adini ably conducted and with less com plaint than any insttution unle.' our ,rovrnient. The remarkable record is to the health of the students made by the institution may be well con sidered by the nanagemont of other institutions in the State, the cost por capita for medical attention, etc., being only 36 cents, not a single case of serious illness having occurred dur ing the entiro year. This is attributed in a large meabure to thle kind atten tion and motherly care given by the iatron of the institution. Tne supor intenlent asks your honorable body for the following appropriations 'or suhpport ...................117,500 'or rei i i' s .............................1,000 'or insurance........ ...... . leour electic l ight, lan~t and laun dry maclinery..............-1,620 liuilding for colorted pupis..... 8,0 As to the last two items, I Im not pr)Ieparedl to re1comm111end their appri'o prIiaition. Thec experience of other' in stitutions in the State with electrie light plaints has been rather a costly onie, and I seec 1n0 necessity for such a plant ini this institution. The build i n for colored pupils mlay be0 allowed to remallin as it is until the finanes of the State can alford a new one. I would r'espeCctfully recommend the granting of the other applroprIiations asitked for. It, wvill be noted by your1 hlonor'able body that the faculty of the istitution has beenI enlarged during the year and the inbtitution generally impr)1oved. lRAIlbHOADS. 'The r'ailroad situation In thoe Statt has bcen changed and g.eatly imw pr1ovedl by the re-organization of al! roads in the hands of receivers and thu release from the actiual guardianshij of the UnIted States Court. TPhe entiri mileage of the State may bo divided upI amuong three corporations, as tht muinor' lines are either owned or con trolled by them. - They are the South' orn1 Rallway, the Atlantic Coast Lint and the Seaboard Air Line. Tihosc three may housaid to be r'ivals for tht control of the interests in South Care lina. The greatest and most power'fu] among them is the Southern Ilway, This is a foreign corporation, and cx actly what its status is as to this Statt or the United States I have nover' beer able yet to ascertain. This much ia cer'tain, however : that it is fast be comning a most dangerous monopoly for the Southern States. It owns and con trols over' live thousandl miles of roads, and it is still grasping for competing rivals. Under the laws and constitu tion of our State no foreign corpora tion can do business or owvn or' cotrol other railroads in the State without lirst becoming a corp~oration in the State. I am satislled that this coimpany has iro legal status within the Staito, and I am determined to use every means within my p~owor' to prevent ita further absorption of our domestic corporations. My attention has been onlled to the recent sale of the P'ort [loyal and Western Carolina Railway CJomnpany and its probable absorption by the Southern ocetopus. Tihe time has not yet ar'rived when I can take a hand in the matter. .If, however, I fInd the road being operated or controlled in violation of the constitution of this stato, I shall feel impelled to inter fere. I wvould urge upon your honor iblo body the appointment of a comn mission to examine into the status of the Souther'n system in this State, and, if necesoary, to release the roads now under their control within this State nd1( 1 would respoctfully reommend tnat tihe charters of all such roads be immediately repealed. The Inves tigations of such committee should not be confIned to this corp~oration ilone, but to any foreign corporation sonducting or exercising unconetitu bional powers or business within this 3tate. Several years ago the oneral As aembly repealed the charter of the Port I.loyal and Augusta Railway Company ror the reason that the same was >wned and operated by foreign corpo 'ations against the interests of the pee 1le of this State. The case has been n the State and United States Opurts ver since, and I am satisfied that ul Grior motives are keeping it there. have conferred with the Attorney lenoral and agreed upon a line of >olicy which I hope will result in a 1)00(dy determirnation of the cause and he restoration of this important artery >f trade to our own peolo. The Rail 'oad Commission has recently made an ffort to relieve flhe people of the un lust and exor'bitant rates charged upon 'ertilizers by the roads in this State. ['hey have been governed by a sense >f equity and justice to both parties and have fixed a rate no lower than Ghat In ether States whieh ship less than South aolina. regret to see the old disposition on the part of the railroads to break out afresh and an effort to defy the State authorities by an appeal to their old friend and ally, tle United States Court. Judge Simon. ton has recently issued an order of in junction restraning the Commissioners from enforcing the order. I am satis fled that the position of the Commis. sion will be sustained, and this litiga tion is purely vexatious and intended to prevent the people from obtaining the bonofilts of the reduction until the fertilizer season Is over. We will push the caso with as much zeal as lies within our power. I would recommend that you onact the rate established by the Commission into at statuto, pro scribing penalties and forfeiture of charter of the colpanies failing to es tablish them. I would suggest to tho Commission that in sfuture their re ports be condensed. I so no need of republishing from year to year matter that ias already been published in the General Statutes, nor can I so the no cessity for publishing the correspond dence of the Commission in full. I coin mend to your caroful consideration thils voluminous document, herewith trans nitted to you. TlM DISPENSARY. On accotut of tho great domand made upon mue for information and statistics in reference to the Dispensary law, coming not only from our own State, but from all parts of the world, I have concluded to treat this matter in a sep arato messago, which will be duly transmitted to your honorable body in time for your careful consideration. (H1ICIAMAU(A COMMISSION. Under and by authority of the Act approved December 22d, 1891, to select designs, etc., for the monuments pro posed to be erected on the battle field of Chickanlauga by the State to her soldiers who took part in that memo rable struggle, I appointed Gen. C. I. Walker, Col. .1. 1). McLucas and Col. C. K. Henderson as such commission. No appropriation was made to carry out tho object of the Act, but these gentlemen, with commendable zeal and patriotism, have at their own ex pense i)erformed the duties required of them. The commission mot in Co lumbia on November 1i1th, 1895, for the purpose of opening bids for which they had previously advertised and invited. Prom those submnitted they selected that of thbe Muldoon Monument Com pany of Louisville, Ky. It is proposed by the commission to erect the monu mont out of South Carolina granite, on DyOr's knoll, a tuost conspicuous point on the field and the scene of the gallant charge of General Kershaw's Brigade. The commission ask fqr an aplropria tioI of $10,000 with which to rect, the monuient and other expensos connect ed with the commission. Nearly all of the States having troops engaged in this memorable battle havo properly marked the places where they fought aMd died with suitable monuments. South Carolina can ill alford to do less, as her heroes were the most prominent. and datring in the conilict. Tile report of tle commission will be transmitted for your consideration. CONPN ImRATMI. RECOUS. Uide' a resolution of tile General Assembly, I ap)ointed General H. L. Farley to 1I1 the position of Historian made vacant by the death of General Kershaw. The work is progressing with satisfaction to me and to the Con federate veterans of the State. Gen Lrail*Parley has recently been elected Hlistorian to thte Order of United Con federate Veterans, and I bespeak for hum tihe hearty co-operation of every hero who wore~ the gr'ay. This is an important work, and it is necessary that it be done accurately and careful ly. [ am satistled that Gien. LParley is fully comlpetenlt to o both. Is report is herewith transmitted. iKt ATLANTA EXPOSIT1ION. In September last tihe Cotton States amnd Industrial Expo)sition was opened In the city of Atlanta and closed on the 1st day of January, 189ti1. 'The last ses sion of the Gener-al Assembly failed to consider this mlatter and no applrop~ria tion was made for- having the industries and resourcees of tils State prop)erly relipresented. 'The elxpositionl was, you mlight, say, purely a Southern enter pri'se. lmoing an adjoining State, and one withl whmom our relations have hleretofoz e. beeni so cordial, I deoemed it of thle ultmlost impllortance that our State should he creditably represented.I peCrfecteod an organization In every counlty in the Stato and onideavored to raise funds from popular subscriptions. I found tis, hlowever, an herculean and fruitless task. A mnass meeting of citizoens of the Piedmont section of tihe State was held at Blolton, in Ander'son County, and r'Osolutions passed peti tioning meI to borrow money and securo~ for our' State a iproiper place in tis picture of tile resoures and industrial development of tile South. Armed with tis authority, and uunon tile r0 quest of many members of 'your body, State Treasurer Hates and I succeeded inl raising six thousand dollars from the l'armers Bank upon our1 individual note, which the batnk carried without interest. We employed NMr. 11. L. Rochle, an oxpoert in suceh matttors, to collect atnd secure at prIoper exhibit of tihe State's rosourcos. I am indebted to Catpt. W. A. Clark andl Mr. J. C. Hlemphill and other mlembetrs of the State B3oard for active and heoarty ce op~erationl in secur'ing the exhibit. I am sattisfiod that thlose of you who at tended the A tlanta 10zposition on South Carolina day were not ashamed of the State and Its exhibit. I am happy to Inform you tihat tile State was awarded a gold medal for having the most com prehensive Statoc exhibit. I feel assur ed that the State will be repaid many fold for the investmlent, andl judging from the letters of inquiry received by me diuring and since tile close of tile exp~osition concerning the many re sources of our' State, we hatve already been repaid. Thle State Treasurer and I feel that you will not hoesitate to en dorse our action as being for the best interest of the State and assume the obligation. A movement is on foot by tile citizens of Chicago to iold an ox position in that .Aty in September,1896i, to be known as the Chicago and South ern States Cotton Exposition. Tile objoet of tile exp~osition is to showv to the West the~ extent of tile delop mont of manufactulring in the South and thte natural, advantages possessed by the South for further development in this line, thloroby encouraging dir'ect trado between the Sonth and tile West and a union of these great agricultural sections for mutual proservation. I am satisfied the success of such an enter p rise would moan a good deal fotr the South, and especially South Carolina, which now leads in the manufacture of cotton goods. To tis dnd I hlave directed our exhibit to be shipped to Chicago, vwith a hope thlat it wiil be but a nucleus of a grander exhlibit of our entire rosoutrces. I wouldl suggest that sit able r'esol utions bo passed by ,your body assuring the people o! Cic ago of your appreciation of theitr efforts to unite the two sections andl of your hearty co-o petration in thir~l work. Elforts hlave been madle to oh tatln our1 exhibit to be placed in Phlil adlOlphla and New York, but I can snn noagonel re,,lts to come froam till COurse. The interest of this section is so antagonistic to ours, and their greed for bonds so. great, that I fear WO could expect nothing save financial bondage. MISCELLANEOUS. Various complaints have been made to me during the past year against cot ton factories working their operatives longer than the time prescribed by statute. In each case I have dispatched a special officer to investigate the facts, and if warranted to arrest the party. The report has been that while the operatives are worked often longer than eleven ho.irs a day, yet they did not exceed the sixty-six hours a week prescribed in the Act. 1 would reo mend that the law be amended so as to rouire only eleven hours a day, with no provision for working lon er during the day for any purpose. This would make the law definite and clear and 3asy to enforce. This industry is becoming very pow 3rful in our State, having more than :loubled the number of spindles in the past two years. I desire again to ctll your attention to the oppression and hardships placed apon the people by banking institu Lions in the smallor towns of the State in the practice of usury. It saps the lire and existence of the large number of our farmers who are in debt and compolled to borrow, even upon the harshest terms. Thore can be no de fense of the crimo. I would suggest as a remody that a law be passed re quiring the burden of proof to be placed Upon the plaintilf in every ac tionl brought upon a note or account to show that usury has not boon prac ticed before a recovery can be had. If this cvil has not impressed itself upon you, I feel that nothing that I can do or say will cause you to realize it. The past year has been a prosperous one for every industry of the State. Our farmors have been blessed witu abundant harvest ; our merchants with good collections and larger profits; our banks and factories have paid hand some dividends ; our State bouds are bringing a premium of 10 per coat. in the market, and for all of this we are thankful. The burdens he apod upon us, lowOver, by the national govorn mont continue to be increased, and in timo of peace the national debt has been increased to the amount of over $3.00 for every man, woman and child in the nation. Upan the heels of It we are threatened with a foreign war, which v ould mean stagnation of the progress and development of the entire South. We believe in the enforcement of the Monroe doctrine, but lot us hop that this is but a feebloofrort to bolster ul) the repudiated foreign and domos tic policy of a great political failure 10nd monstrosity. I invoke the blessings of God upon your deliberations. JNO. GARY EVANS, Governor. WHAT DAN MANNING DID. l'he Diflorence Hetween Cleveland's First. anti Seconti( Atim inist rations. A story was told in the United States Senate a few days ago which illustrates the difference between the financial policy of Mr. Cleveland's first and second administrations. This story is given by the New York World, which endorses and commends it to> the present administration, and the World is a gold-bug paper: "Senator Perkins, of California, told today for the first tion the story of what Daniel Maai.ng did whecn lhe was secretaLry of the rew, and a syndi cate tied Lu make tu guvernmont surrender gold for hoarding and specu lation. " T1hey wore raiding the treasury In those days just as they have been raid ing it under Mr. Cleveland's adminis tration. Secretary Manning saw and understood the situation. Hie also saw the remedy, although it Is (quite pos sible that what he (lid was suggested to -him by Mr. Tildon. Hie took his gripsack and started for New York. When he arrived hc sent for the chief raiders of the treabur~y. If I should mention their names they would sound quite familiar to those whmo have been reading the story of the great Morgan syndicate. " 'Gentlemen,' said the secretary, in a cold, hard voice, the treasury is will ing to furnish gold for any legitimate demand, but if you attempt to draw upon the treasury gold after today as you are now doing, for hoarding or sp~eculation, I shall adopt an effective remedy for the protection of the gov ernment's reserve. We have a cash balance of over $150,000,000. Not one of you doubts for a moment the pur pose and ability of the government to maintain specie payments. But if you contirtue to withdraw gold I shall at once order that you be paid 10 per cent. in ilver' coin the fir'st clay. 'The second dlay you will be paid 20 per cent. In silver, the third day 30, and so on until one-half will be paid you in silver.' "'lBut,' exclaimed the astounded bankers, ' this is in violation of the im plied obligation that the govormont "4 'Makenomistake about that, gen tlomen,' replied Mr. Manning *'The law says 'coin,' and Ghe treasury will exercise its undou bted prerogative.' " That ended the gold raiding. The government won its p)oint just as soon as the secretary of the treasury showed that he had a backbone. "Secretary Carlisle is in an limprog nable p)osition at this moment, lHe has the whole country ready to aid him if ho is In earnest, He knows and every authority upon the subject in Washing ton declares that the banks of the country, not to say the ban kers, would not dare to let the gold reserve be ex hausted. It would Instantly destroy hundreds of millions by shrinkage in values. Mr. Carlisle knows this. Yet in the secret places of the treasury depart mont are cunning men who are doIng their utmost to defeat the administra tion. They are doing the work of the g~old ring, and are doing it very clum sily." -At the last meeting of the rail road commission, Mr. Wilborn in troduced a resolution to reduce the passenger rate in this State from three and a half cents to three. That Is to be the standard rate according to his plan, but the poorer roads are to be allowed a p~ur cent. inoreaso In proper tioni to their earnings. The mneasure wams not acted upon, but will be at the next regular meeting of the board. --Mr. RI. L. Todd, tihe poplular and oflicient traveling passenger agent or the Central and Port R~oyal and Wes tern Carolina railroadsi, has been ap pointed division passengeor agent of the Plant system of railroads and Steamship lines, with boeadquar'ters at Jacksonv illo, Fia. -President Cleveland, it is said, will urge the intervention of thei United' States in the Cuban war as soon as congress Indicates its willing loss to' upJholdl him thoroughly in his )ursuit of a& vigorous foreign polic.| The Busy Bees. There are three kinds of bees in every hive family: A royal queen, whom all the others obey and honor; the drones, or male bees, who are lazy fellows, who do not work, and cannot even sting ; and the "busy bees" we hear so much about-the workers-who gather the honey, build the cells, care for the young, protect the hone, and serve the fam 1ly in every way. The queen seldom goes outside her own hive, but she lays all the eggs; so she is the mother of the whole community. But notwith standing her industry, some of her eggs produce workers, some drones, and some young queens. The work ers make different wax cells for the different eggs, and the queen always puts the right egg in the right cell. Sometimes she lays two hundred og in 1 one day. f a queen, while out taking an airing, should happen to enter the wrong hive, a host of the workers there would instantly surround her and carry her to their lawful qjueenl. Then the queen of the hive would attack the stranger, and Probably kill her. Should she happen to get killed herself, then the stranger would be accepted as the rightful queen by the other bees. In the home of the lost queen all is quiet for awhile, but in an hour or two out come a swarm to hunt for their queen mother. They go buzzing about everywhere, but all In vain. They fail to find the missing queen. On returning to the hive they se lect a baby bee that is not more than three days old, and break down the cells just around it, so as to gi ,e it a cell two or three times as large as it had before. Then they feed it upon a jelly prepared from the jui ces of flowers. This makes it grow very fast, and in a few days out conies a full-fledged queen, and the hive is again a happy home. The working bee goes to her la bors betimes im the morning, and us ually returns to the hive about noon. She has a honey bag into which she sucks the honey of the flowers, and her thighs are furnished with cur ious pouches or baskets that hold the pollen or flower dust. On reach iig home, she goes directly to the queen to give her the first taste of the fresh honey, then, keeping a small portion for her own n)urish ment, she deposits the remainder in one of the cells. The drones are lazy fellows, who live oil the work of their industrious sisters, but they are not alloved to live more than a few months. In July or August the workers seem to say, "See here ! these drones have been living on us long enough, they do not eveni get their own food ; let us clear the hive of them." So they drive theni down to the bottom of the hlive aind sting thleml to death. Often thousands are killed in a sin gle (lay. In Eniglanid, bee-hives are of ten built of twisted straw, though with us the straw hive is a ting of the past, tihe ne~w patent hives being more convenient. it is easier, too, to watch thle bees through their glass sides.-Sabbath School Visitor. --The Secretary of Agriculture in his annual report from Washington, notes that more than half of the States have passed new road laws during the last year, and thaL road construction on improved principles ls proceding in many State, esp)eially in Massachus etts, N ew Jersey, North Carolina and Kentucky. Epilepsy 20 Years. Cured by Dr. Mliles' iNervine. A few years ago, Mr. L. w. Gailaher, was an extensive, successful expert mnanu factu rer of lumber products. Attacked with epilepsy, lhe wasq obliged to givo tip his busl nests. The attacks camoe upon him most in-~ opportunely. One time falling from a carri ago, at another downz stairs, anid of toun in the street. Onco he fell down aL shaft in the mill, his injuries nearly proving fatal. Mr. Gallaher writes from Milwaukee, Fob.10, '95. -etcs o20or 7 ufrdwt plp onhe aenon ore m5is.00able han don littcle for years bitt search for something to help meo, and have takeon all the leading remedies, bust received nio boeneflt. A year ago my son, Ohas. 8. Onliahor, druggist at 101 Reed St., Milwaukee, gave me D~r. Miles' Restorative Nervine, and I tried it with gratifying results. Ilave had but two flts since I began taking it. I am better now in every way than I have been in 20 years." Dr. Miles' Remedies are sold by druggists on a positive guarantee that the first bottlo will benefit or prico refuusled. ilookc on the Iheart and Nerves, free. Addl'oss, Dr. Miies Medical Co., Elkhart, Ind. Dr. Miles' Remedies Restore alth. WB THINKC that the beet is none too good for our cusomre ad the grwng demand for OUR PATRONS KNOW where to ueonto the highest grade of ma andrial ruics doels lowest prices, AUGUSTA L.UMBI3R CO., Dmee, Saah, Blinds, Lumber, &o. " Buy of the Makasr.* AIJO. O....- - CURB P 1 Treatment, consisting of Ixs of Oit 0.Apsules of ntment and two ovratires Ad deUover-fail Oure for PROPe 0t tey ator p o. It uaEes an operation ore ainful and seldo aosof CarbolHo aold, which ulti in doth, n eure, and often this te rible disease? *.* Wh- endur boxe o cure a y asee f Ua fto boents received. 6ia boz. for $5. Sent y mi. Guarantees issued b, our gent by nai. CONSTIPATION* Prenled, the rent IVER and STOS16 0 LA. e iet BLuOD PuRIFIER. Small, mild ani pleasant t" take, especially adapted for ohildreu's use. w0 Dosee 25 conts. GUARANTEES issued only by A NEW CUSTOMER writes as l'ollows:-"rho material I have I nuist give yout credit for, as it is the only right, k in: of worlranshlip I have h: itn four years."9 Trliat cunstomier lI a highl class builder anl ids opinion Is partiuilarly gratify. lnr t o 4:9. AU6USTA LUMBER CO., Doors, Sash, Illinds, Frames, Lumber, &o. liuy of the Maker." AUGUSTA, 4A. SOUTHERN RAILWAY. PIEDMONT AIR LINE. Condensed Schedule of Passenger Trains. Ves.. Fst I Northbound. No.38 No 3 No. 12 Ne. 18 Jan. 8, t896. Daily jDaily Daily Hsun Lv. Atlanta, C. T. 12 00mIt15p 7S0a 4$& Atlanta,E.T. 100p 1210a oa 635p " Norcross.............12 & 938a 629p " liuford .............. 016 0 p " Gainesville.. 225p 044 a " Lula..................223 1104 a al4p " Cornella ..................1126 a " hit. Airy..... ........20a 113oa. " Toccoa. .............15a 1153a. " Wostirnster ........8360 a 1227 . " onuca...............407a 1242 p " Central....... 44p 433a 1201) " Groenville ... *30P 6l9a 2p0p " Spartanburg. 6 18 p 6 1 a 3 p " Gai 'as ..... ........63it 410p. " Blacksburg.; 06 p 709a 430p. " King's Mt... .... ... a booP Gastonia .... ....... Ar. Charlotto.... 8 20p 883a 620p " Danville ..... 12 00& 130p 125p. Ar. Richtiond.... 6 00 a 640 P 600 a. Ar. Washington . 642 a040 .......... " liltm'e. P It 805 a 1 25 1) 46 PhIladel phia. 10 25 a 3 00 a.............. " Now York.... 1263 n62%............. es. Fat M Southbound. No. 37 No j No. Daily Daily Daily E Sun LV. N. Y 1'R It 4301) 1215n ........ 11hiaophia. 65611 3 60 7 ........ ... if 1tatiulore.... 920p 622&a........ ...... SWisliugtou. 10 43 p 11 15 a ....... ...... Lv.Richmond 200a12 5p a 93a . Lv. Da-ville. ..... P 7 00 Charlotte 28 5U 10 15 P 12 20p. gs t .... .... 11 2.. . 6 a lila~sb~rg..1O 3 110a 11C53 . Gainey........123 0a 1827 . Ki' l B r.113a16 a 86 p . etintr........: a 8200p ..... ocuva6..... ........13 a 4 19p . Cornila...........0..p 1145 p. Lula 640 p 6I~ 00 a Gainosvillo:.a3 40ua p . p 2 11'. 525i p . t botwetiNow orkandNo OrleNs. via Wao. y Lwce. N Yrk Ruj . Mem0phi2 15a Wahnt "Ahlaaad pia. 6gha6 Dinin cars "1: Wsehingn.104p car1be 15e AtanaN O. Ns. ihmond ... Pullman Blee5pin a ew LichmndllDa.....e a50 Gresoo ". Charlotte perit.n..t,9harltte ".A .aTURda . 8. .. . DWIK Wahing'toM , l... Atlata.... L sparotubrg 11e37 a " Orconvial.. 12 218ap 4 eral .~.... 111 Ar Senea....................2 3 p " Wesinister........ " Tsoo.................G d ' l Airy~O......... .4 ".... rn......... .............- i ".L............ . OrBuord.................._ " NrossD~....... ......I Ar.Atant iiT.45 ........1..p......... 150 a 4 40 p ......a ' Irsl *~r........ '.....740p.... 459 a 6 3 9 p 0A' Lv.9ierp............ .42p 827 P~il~J~4 I T 60SaJ 1 p 30 Sl ea O T . 35 pto n. 28@:0p 8a -"1. a. -''" p. In. "AM" nao. "N ig. Nothouuj,- ana. Washingtun an, 6S18 p. esr (Vost ibalod Limited) ThouhoPudllman sa.per. ingtp.on, tla. an, Mongomnery, Laniteado,) Teeni eav YorevlA apndhs vi diashigon, AVtant and Lirmingham. sotonng 1cars. . 4N40s. 35, 28p an,-nestateas aied.Pu. Pman ac leeping cars bewon aTaNw O o 3, 11 and 12. oPuA.manI. dieepin. a ewe Gen'. Supeite., ent, Trafio MIf, WasingonD.0. Washintn,. 0, WashigtonU. 0.Atlanta, Ga. SOUTHERN pt, RAolumbA SCO