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1 "GROW t. Knapp Reiterates Advice t< the Farmers as to Supplies. Knoxville, Term.?The food am ""Iced crop situation in the South h serious, according to a telegram re ceivetl by Charles A. Keffer, directoi of the division of extension, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, fron Dr. Bradford Knapp, chief of exton ?ion work in the South, of the Uniter States department of agriculture, located at Washington. The* best advice from national headquarters indicates that every one in the States affected must take some part in meeting the crisis. Dr. Knapp's telegram reads: "Prof. Charles A. Keffer, Directoi Division of Extension, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tenn. "Food and feed crop situation in the South serious. Every effort 1 ' ) l-v rv , 4- f < ? ??4 I. 4- A V-V 1 <? ? OiJUU L\I uc [JUL HM III IQ OUlillll lUl^t acreage as possible. Am advised seed situation for food and feed crops serious. Can be met only by thorough organization and cooperation. Suggest you canvass situation immediately. Ask cooperation of bank ers and business men in each county to furnish seed to farmers as near as possible at cost." (Signed) "Knapp." County agents in the various counties, specialists of the division of extension, and all other workers interested in farm life will be called upon to assist in developing for this year this part of the farm, which is so i frequently overlooked to the loss of the farmer. Many banks and bu-im-ss men are already doing much to assist in farm development work, but they will be called upon to put special effort in*o the immediate feed shortage situation. MOBILIZING FARMERS FOR FOOD PRODUCTION Demonstration Forces to Influence Growing of Grains . . and Live Stock. The imperative necessity for planting every available aiea in food crops in South Carolina is emphasized by Prof. W. W. Long, head oL the United States demonstration m forces wo/king in South Carolina in conjunction wilh Clemson College. "I have been lookl- g up the world's supply of feedstuff* and the situa>* tion, to Rpcuk frankly, is little le.-s thttll alarming/' says Dr. Long. "II we were to make a failure in South Carolina tins year along with the balance of the country it would no! surprise me to see bread stuffs as high as at any time during the Civil war, and likewise with meats. As it in I am expecting hogs to sell on the hoof for 18 or 20 cents." In a circular letter to demonstration agents in the State Dr. Long says: "The conditions, as being reported, of the food crops of the world, if not alarming, are serious. This is especially true when we realize that the reserves will be exhausted at the end of this crop year. "It is reported that the English wheat crop is exceedingly backward. The Dutch crop is small. The French crop is very much less than usual, and, whpt is most alarming, Argentina will have little wheat or corn to export. The Australian wheat crop is reported 50,000,000 bushels less than last year's. The statement is made that the English government has contracted for the entire surplus of this year's wheat crop of Canada, Wheat in the winter growing States of our country has suffered much for the want of moisture. Early vegetables in the Southern States have been destroyed by recent freezes Coming nearer home, the prospects for wheat and oat crops in South Carolina are the most discouraging in years. The season is very back ward and, therefore, little gardening has been done in this State. Country Virtually at War. "The country is virtually in < state of war and we have every rea eon to etxpect that in a short tim< thousands of young men may be call V MORE F * ed from the fields to arms. There) fore, it is necessary to impress upon all classes of our people the urgent need of growing all vegetables for table use and for canning purposes. You should take this matter up not only with the farmers but with the officials and residents of cities 1 and villages and bring about organizations for the cultivation of vacant lots in food crops. Chambers of com merce, women's clubs and every agency should be appealed to assist in this most important work. The production of forage crops on large areas, particularly of velvet beans, sorghum grass, cow peas and soy beans, is urgent. The acreage in I corn should be greatly increased. Hogs Valuable. "The greatest care should be taken with spring pigs. Hogs are now sell ing in the Northern markets at 15 3-4 cents a pound on foot; beef .cattle from 10 to 12 cents a pound on foot with every prospect of increasing. The acreage of sweet potatoes should be increased many fold. Every farmer should plant a crop of all Irish potatoes?the Lookout Mountain variety if obtainable. "With the food supply of the world in its present condition, we may be |assured of a profitable demand for iaU food crops. We owe it to ourI selves and our country to produce ;the necessary supplies for the family, and, in the event that war is declared, for the men who are perform |i"U ii it-ii {Kiti iuiiu uuty. i lit" I in uI cations are that for the first time since the Civil war we will be unable to purchase supplies from foreign I countries. Therefore, it is imperative that we produce them at home. This possibility of shortage may bring some of our people to actual suffering. "If you think wise have this article j published in your local papers. Call I your bankers, merchants and farmers in conference s0 that the most powerful influences may be put in motion for the growing of necessary food crops for man and beast." j soy beanTprovide i feed and gash crop Every farmer should plant a con isiderable acreage of soy beans this year. Seed should be secured immediately, as there is not enough to supply the demands of the whole country. The seed is one of the best feed crops and there will be a good cash murket for it next fall. The forage makes good hay. There were 21,000,000 pounds oT soy beans imported into the United States in 1915 and a larger quantit> in 1916. One of the large paint manufacturers of Memphis has just received a cargo of soy bean oil direct from Manchuria at a cost of 10 cents [a pound. There has not been enough |linseed oil for fears to supply the) jdemand and each year the quantity | ! decreases. Soy bean oil takes its | place in the manufacture of paints. Manchuria has shipped to this counj try and Europe 1,500,000 tons of soy beans in one s ason. After the oil if pressed out of the beans the cake is I more valuable for feed than cottonseed meal. Ground soy beans are about five per cent, more valuable to feed for milk production than an equal weight of cottonseed meal. Our dairymen should arrange now to plant two acres of soy beans to take the place I of each ton of cottonseed meal that is likely to he needed. \ In my own work in fattening hogs ! I have found that when corn and soy beans were mixed in the proportion of 80 pounds corn to 20 pounds soy beans, the feed value of the corn was 1 increased from 13 to 87 per cent > j with an average increase of onc> fourth. In fattening beef cattle the Tenjnessee experiment station found that -one acre planted to barley, followed ?,by soy beans, nroduced f?08 nnnnrlK I - - * ? ? igain on beef cattle; one acre barley, followed by corn, produced 434 J pounds grain. The acre planted to . soy beans was worth for beef pro 5 duction 17 per cent, more than the i acre in corn. : Soy bean hay?the stalks, leaves an l pods cured together?furnishes : a little more feed material than an an equal weight of good alfalfa hay. Soy bean straw?the forage that is i left after the beans have been thresh - ed?is equal in feed value to timothy ; hay and 14 per cent, better than corn fodder. C THg BfrfcitT MOM OOD" IS i > Better Farmin i I . WHAT THE CROPS Feed the Plants Properly and the Soil While Increasir ' cotton crop of one bale per acre will "2remove from the leaves, stalks and gen 64 pounds of J. N. HARPER potash and 28 Agrqnomist. pounds of phosphoric acid. A 40 bushel crop of .corn will remove in the grain, stalk and fodder about 64 pounds of nitrogen, 64 pounds of potash and 34 pounds of phosphoric acid. A 40 bushel crop of oats will remove in ,the grain and straw about 36 pounds of nitrogen. 41 pounds of potash ,ajid 16 pounds of phosphoric acid. 'If, however# stalks, bolls, straw, etc.. are .plowed under, so mo of the plant fotd will be returned to the soil. Cotton Fertilizer Problem With the present price of cotton and other farm products, it will pay the farmer to give more attention this Spring to the problems of soil building and to the intelligent use of fertilizers than ever before. Some of the fcest farmers of the South have adopted the plan of returning to the j soil in fertilizers, the money received from all or part of their cottonseed. This is a good plan and should be more generally adopted. Encash Plant Pood for Scat Yieiai It t'llfPs frnm Ilnfl nr?nn/lo ?-. inn ???" ? - w?.? WW J/UUUVIO IU 1V17 pounds of fertilizer to make a good weed in cotton, or a good stalk in corn, and unless amounts above these are used, full returns cannot be expected because large amounts must he applied to produce the fruit and the grain. The amount of fertilizer that can be used profitably will vary with the different soil types, seasons and with the different crops grown. The most important factor, however, governing the amount of fertilizer that can be used with profit is the price of the article produced. At the present price of cotton, it will pay to use on most of the soil types of the South larger amounts of fertilizer than heretofore. To Meet Boll Weavil Situation When grown under boll weevil conditions, cotton should be liberally fertilized and thie fertilizer should contain a large percentage of phosphoric acid, which ingredient hastens its maturity. A fertilizer containing an am! pie supply of ammonia should also be used to start the plant off quickly in Ua growth. The farmer must ever O .? * r ojumern rarmei o r I South's Deposits of Phcsphatic Mat< > U. A. WI1 ? ?> s . tm0\ *fcUk'...4?. . ... - t Recently a Southern fertilizer con- j cern obtained a large older for acid ! phosphate fr in Holland at $55 per ton. Contrast this $55.uO per ton with $20.00 ^er ton paid by the Southern farmer. If the Dutch fainter can afford to pay $55 per ton for acid phosphate and make ii pay, how nuuh. more can a Southern farmer obtain when he ?iv.n buy about three times a* much phosphate with the same money? Dutch, farmers are shrewd and thrifty. They have developed agriculture t.o a very high state of efficiency, and yey know quite well what can be done with acid phosphate at $55 per Pvm. ' Their land is not poor. To the contrary it is highly developed and fertile. Every rod that can possibly be used for agriculture is cultivated ike a garden. They have found that o matter how rich their soil, fertilizing y pays. Out of their experience they find that it pays them now to invest as much as $55 per ton in acid phosphate. Aids In Combatting Boll Weevil Under boll weevil conditions, garly| maturing of cotton is essential. Acid .phosphate, of course, promotes thj?'fruition and maturing of cotton. All Agricultural authorities are no.vr recommending liberal use of acid phosphate In fertilizers as an Important measure Ln combatting the boll weevil. * 11 Ilia Qmithnrn fa r? . r. r> Im.l . rv mi ? 1* a. uiv nwin iiv? ii in i tai^i liau wv# |/a 55 per ton for acid phosphate, what disadvantage he would face! Since he only i>f|ys about enethird this price, now fortunately situated, he is! Na4 urn liau nlnr>A<l hav* In fSo' QaiiI Vi * V I^atwvw ??VI V ?M HID WVU' IJ treat, deposits of rock phosphate Irhich, when treated with sulphuric cid, becomes acid phosphate, an ingredient of fertiliser. Not only is the Southern farmer favored by reason of the natural deposits of phosphatic materials, but, in recent years, the South has become a great manufacturer of sulphuric acid. Sulphuric acid has an important place in many forms of manufacturing, and is one of the essentials in making munitlpns of war, hence large quantities of it hare been drawn to the munition plants at. enhanced prices. The high market for sulphuric acid has lifted the price of acid phosphate over that of former years, hut not enough to prevent its still helig a most economical plant food. The Quickly Available Form Acid phosphate is that form ofphos tLD, OONffAY, S. 0. * \ ? ig in the South I ARE ASKING FOR Can Be Built Up Instead of Run Down ig Crop Yields bear in mind that the best way he can fight the boll weevil is to force his cotton to a quick growth and to an early maturity. Many farmers in the boll weevil district, are finding thai peanuts atfd soy beans are splendid substitutes for cotton. Unless these crops are well fertilized, however, with the fertilizer carrying high percentage of phosphate, good yields cannot be expected. How to Tell What Is Neesssary The farmer can oftentimes determine the element most needed in his fertilizer by noting the manner of growth of eotton on his different .soil i types. When the .growth is slow and the plants have a yellow, unhealthy look, nitrogen (or-ammonia) should be applied in rather large amounts. If, | however, the plants look vigorous, but ; are not fruiting well, phosphoric acid j should be used liberally. Generally speaking, for poor soils, the ! most important element of a fertilizer ! is nitrogen, and the next most import ant is phosphorous. Therefore, for poor soils we would recommend under present war conditions, which make# potash scarce, a fertilizer for cottor. and corn analyzing about 9 per cent available phosphoric acid and 3 per cent ammonia and 2 per cent potash. ' For peanuts 12 per cent phosphoric acid, 2 per cent ammonia and 2 per cent potash. For fertile soils we would recommend for cotton and corn, a fertilizer analyzing 12 per cent available phosphoric acid, 2 per cent ammonia and 2 per cent potash, and for peanuts, a fertilizer analyzing 12 per cent phos 1'iiunc hchi, i 1-6 per ceni ammonia and 2 per cent potash. For the sandy loam soils of the coastal plaip, potash is the most essential and for tobacco and truck crops must be applied in liberal amounts. The reason that nitrogen or ammonia is so necessary an element for practically all soils is because the nitrates are soluble in water, and are, therefore, constantly leaching out of the land. The farmers should try to store up as much nitrogen in the soil as p-jssible by growing such crops as beans, peas, clover, vetches, etc., which plants add nitrogen to the soil from the atmosphere. Practically all soils of the South are well adapted to the growing of these legumes. i If, however, crops are grown In rotation with legumes, it will still be necessary to use commercial forms of nitrogen' to obtain the best results. While nitrogen is the main element of a fertiliser, on poor land phosphoric acid is the most essential and in practically all of the testR that have been made in the South, better results have been obtained with soluble phosphoric acid than with finely ground phospJrocks or floats. ertilizer Adv^ma^ e ..." i .riais an aid in koii weevil right. 1TTLE. phatic fertilizers most readily available as plant food. Hence this is why , agricultural authorities are stressing its use in fertilizers for boll weevil I territory, where the purpose is to has- ; ten maturity of the plants and to get j as niuf h cotton set as possible before ! i he weevil has developed in sufficient number to get all the new squares and the bolls that form, as it will do later on in the season. PUSH COTTON IN WEEVIL TERRITORY * J. C. Pridmore, Agronomist. Inquiry-?"How would you fertilize to beat the boll weevil to the cotton?" In growing cotton under boll weevil conditions, several factors must be given consideration. The laud should be well drained and well supplied .with vegetable .matter. Good seed of a variety adapted to the locality should be chosen, and, of course, 4* variety that will mature its fruit quickly mud resist wilt should b.e planted. Rer-' tiiize liberally, and properly cultivate. On the heavier soils, such as the red clays and clay loams, the use of a fertilizer carrying 10 per cent to 12 per j cent phosphoric acid, J to 4 per cent j nitrogen and a small per cent of pot-, ] ash, if it can be had, should be used. Apply at the rate of 250 to 400 pounds I 11 i-. n? i- ?.uinU p?r aero. uu u^mer huiih iu nuiv;u nitrogen, phosphorus and potash are all usually deficient, a fertilizer carrjing all three elements is desirable. Use to 12 per cent phosphoric acid, 3 er 4 per cent nitrogen and 1 or 2 per cent potash, at the rate of 300 to 400 pounds to the acre. SOY BEANS IN THE ROTATION. Inquiry?"Will you recommend a rotation in which soy beans, cotton and some other crop will be used?" Soy beans are highly recommended. They are a legume and, therefore, do not require much nitrogen. The hay is abundant and the feeding value high. The oil mills afford a ready market for the bean, and the cake which Is produced by the mills has splendid feeding values. A good rotation to follow is cotton followed by corn with soy beans, followed by oats and cowpeas. For southern conditions Hollybrook and Mammouth Yellow are recommended. ? I. N. HARPER, Agronomist. . 1 HAVE NEW VAROY" A DF EGYPTIAN COTTON Plant Specialists Have Developed Earlier and Better Fibered. I After 15 years of experimentation': in breeding ar.d selection, plan* specialists of the U. M. Department' of Agriculture have succeeded in developing a second new variety of the valuable Egyptian cotton grown in this country. The new variety is con sidered to be superior iti several respects to the variety now in v use. sufficient seed of the type, which is known as the Pima, has boon raised to plant a relatively large area an 1 will be used during 1917 in the Salt River Valley of Arizona, the ccnte: of Egyptian cotton culture in this country. It is hoped that from this crop sufficient seed will be obtained to plant the entire cotton-growing area of the valley in 1918, if the sub-i stition of the new variety for the one grown is then believed to he do si ruble. The variety of Egyptian cotton now being grown in tlie Salt River Valley is the first new type develop ed in this country and is known a? ; the Yuma variety. The Pima cotton I produces a longer, finer, and lightercolored fiber than the Yuma, and fc i j this reason should command a be tie- j price per pound in the market. Even were there n0 difference in the value of the fiber, however, the Pima variety should be the more profitable to produce since it is more productive and earlier, has larger bolls, and is more easily picked owing to the greater freedom of the plants from vegetative limbs. The Pima variety originated in 1910 with a plant selected out of n field of Yuma cotton grown at the Cooperative Testing and Demonstration Garden at Sacation, Ariz., and has been carefully tested since. It ?s much more uniform and truer to type than the Yuma. The Pima was given its first tests on a field scale in 1916, when 275 acres were planted. The plantings in 1917 will be in a continuous area so as to avoid cress-pollination with Yuma cotton.! Egyptian cotton is especially liable to cross-pollination between types,! an occurrence which contaminates and is likely to ruin a good variety. The planting of the Pima cotton in a continuous area will also facilitate ginning under conditions making possible the avoidance of the mixture of Pima and Yuma seed. FRENCH ANNOUNCE BATTLESHIP LOSS Nearly Three Hundred Men Drowned in Sniking of Danton by Submarine. London.?In the sinking of the .French battleship Danton in the Mediterranean March 19, i*ays a statement from the French admiralty -received here, 28G men were drowned. The Danton -was torpedoed by a hostile submarine. The sinking of a French battleship of the Danton class by a German submarine in th# Mediterranean March 19 was reported in a statement by the German admiralty March 20 and received here by wireless. The statement said the battleship, which was protected by destroyers, listed heavily after being hit and capsized 45 minutes later. Capt. Morah was named as the commander of the submarine. | The battleship Danton displaced 18,UZ8 tons and her complement before the war was 681 officers and men. The Danton was built at Brest and was commissioned in 1906. She had a speed of 19.2 knots a^d was 481 feet long:. She carried four 12 inch guns and 38 smaller calibres. ft To Curo Cold In Otto Day Take LAXATITQ BVOMO Quinine. XI atop* the Couch and Headache and work* off the Cold. Drucciata refund money If H falla to cure. U. W. GROVH'S aignature on each bos. 26c. ft ? II ? | IrtltflESllNGABOUT | GA83AGE WORM PEST \\ v| 'Control Measures Porfccted '? Which Greatly Reduce Losses From It V ? V HATCHES OUT FROM J EGGS OF BUTTERFLY ' Community Action in Combat- '^j ing This Pest is Strongly Advised. 13 11 The common cabbage worm, the nj most destructive insect enemy of cabbage and related crops in the United States, begins its depreciations as soon as the young plants are set out in the spring. Steps to com- \ bat it should be taken at an equally I early date, therefore, it is pointed out in Farmers' Bulletin ?(>(> of the United States Department of Agri% culture, The Common Cabbage Worm, by F. H. Chittenden. A'though the insect caused the total destruction of cabbage, cauliflower, and other crops in large areas in the years immediately after its ap- V) pearanee in this country in the six- \ tics, control measures have now been perfected to such a degree and adopt cd to such an extent that losses need not he great. Spraying with a solu- * lion of 2 pounds of powdered arsenate of lead, 4 pounds of arsenate of lead in the paste form, or 1 pound of l^aris Green to 50 gallons of water !, should he begun as soon as the plants are set out and should be repeated as \\ often as examination of the plants shows it to be necessary. The common cabbage "worm" is the larvae of a white butterfly having black-tipped wings. The butter- \ flies appear on warm spring days as early as March, even in the Northern States, and continue about gardens ^4 and fields until after several severe fall frosts. In the Gulf region they ? * 4-1 1 i * ' in ta |iicacui tin uugnoui ine gpfisoii, ^ Eggs arc laid on cabbage and related ^ plants, where they hatch in from four to eight days. The caterpillar is velvety green, about the color of the cabbage foliage. It eats voraciously and grows rapidly, becoming full grown in from 10 to 14 days after hatching. Three generations occur each season in the Northeast and probably six in the \ extreme South. The first generation \ usually develops on wild plants. Hand picking may be practiced x\ successfully in small gardens. Where (\ sprays are employed they should be J, applied in a fine mist, since coarser )J applications tend to gather in drops ?*, on the leaves and run off. Community action in combating C the cabbage worm is desirable where 1 i ever cabbage and related crops are t! grown extensively. Agreements ( should be entered into by the truck ers of the community for each to U spray throughout the season and to . ) clean oarefully the fields of the bulk of the old stalks as soon as the crop is harvested. A few stalks should be left At .regular intervals as traps on \ which the last generation of female j 'butterflies will deposit eggs. Such .* stalks should be poisoned freely with i arsenicals so that the worms of the last igeneration will not develop. a Vjl Whenever You Need General Ton la 11 Take Grove's 1I The Old Standard Grove's Tasteless ' chill Tonic is equally valuable as a. -' General Tonic because it contains the u" well known tonic properties of QUININ E jjk and IRON. It acts on the Uver, Drives Jv out Malaria, Enriches the Stood and Builds ap the Whole System. 50 cents. * T * Natural Condition. 1 The Illinois Manufacturers' asso- v ciation asks Senator Lewis to vote t against the confirmation of Prof. F. ? . W. Taussig, the great tariff specialist who has been named for mem- J.*1 ,bership on the tariff commission, j .| ,The association objects to the pro- ,' fessor on the ground that Taussig is i one-sided and partisan. Who that ' [ has studied the tariff is not partisan \ or one-sided? Would the Illinois ! manufacturers hold that Cannon, ( Mann and Penrose are non-partisan ? ?Montgomery Advertiser. % * K r w