The Horry herald. (Conway, S.C.) 1886-1923, April 05, 1917, Page SIX, Image 6
1
"GROW
t.
Knapp Reiterates Advice t<
the Farmers as to
Supplies.
Knoxville, Term.?The food am
""Iced crop situation in the South h
serious, according to a telegram re
ceivetl by Charles A. Keffer, directoi
of the division of extension, University
of Tennessee, Knoxville, fron
Dr. Bradford Knapp, chief of exton
?ion work in the South, of the Uniter
States department of agriculture, located
at Washington.
The* best advice from national
headquarters indicates that every
one in the States affected must take
some part in meeting the crisis.
Dr. Knapp's telegram reads:
"Prof. Charles A. Keffer, Directoi
Division of Extension, University
of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tenn.
"Food and feed crop situation in
the South serious. Every effort
1 ' ) l-v rv , 4- f < ? ??4 I. 4- A V-V 1 <? ?
OiJUU L\I uc [JUL HM III IQ OUlillll lUl^t
acreage as possible. Am advised seed
situation for food and feed crops
serious. Can be met only by thorough
organization and cooperation.
Suggest you canvass situation immediately.
Ask cooperation of bank
ers and business men in each county
to furnish seed to farmers as near
as possible at cost."
(Signed) "Knapp."
County agents in the various counties,
specialists of the division of extension,
and all other workers interested
in farm life will be called upon
to assist in developing for this year
this part of the farm, which is so
i
frequently overlooked to the loss of
the farmer. Many banks and bu-im-ss
men are already doing much
to assist in farm development work,
but they will be called upon to put
special effort in*o the immediate
feed shortage situation.
MOBILIZING FARMERS
FOR FOOD PRODUCTION
Demonstration Forces to Influence
Growing of Grains
. . and Live Stock.
The imperative necessity for planting
every available aiea in food
crops in South Carolina is emphasized
by Prof. W. W. Long, head oL
the United States demonstration
m forces wo/king in South Carolina in
conjunction wilh Clemson College.
"I have been lookl- g up the world's
supply of feedstuff* and the situa>*
tion, to Rpcuk frankly, is little le.-s
thttll alarming/' says Dr. Long. "II
we were to make a failure in South
Carolina tins year along with the
balance of the country it would no!
surprise me to see bread stuffs as
high as at any time during the Civil
war, and likewise with meats. As it
in I am expecting hogs to sell on the
hoof for 18 or 20 cents."
In a circular letter to demonstration
agents in the State Dr. Long
says:
"The conditions, as being reported,
of the food crops of the world, if not
alarming, are serious. This is especially
true when we realize that the
reserves will be exhausted at the
end of this crop year.
"It is reported that the English
wheat crop is exceedingly backward.
The Dutch crop is small. The French
crop is very much less than usual,
and, whpt is most alarming, Argentina
will have little wheat or corn
to export. The Australian wheat crop
is reported 50,000,000 bushels less
than last year's. The statement is
made that the English government
has contracted for the entire surplus
of this year's wheat crop of Canada,
Wheat in the winter growing States
of our country has suffered much for
the want of moisture. Early vegetables
in the Southern States have
been destroyed by recent freezes
Coming nearer home, the prospects
for wheat and oat crops in South
Carolina are the most discouraging
in years. The season is very back
ward and, therefore, little gardening
has been done in this State.
Country Virtually at War.
"The country is virtually in <
state of war and we have every rea
eon to etxpect that in a short tim<
thousands of young men may be call
V
MORE F
*
ed from the fields to arms. There)
fore, it is necessary to impress upon
all classes of our people the urgent
need of growing all vegetables for
table use and for canning purposes.
You should take this matter up
not only with the farmers but with
the officials and residents of cities
1 and villages and bring about organizations
for the cultivation of vacant
lots in food crops. Chambers of com
merce, women's clubs and every
agency should be appealed to assist
in this most important work. The
production of forage crops on large
areas, particularly of velvet beans,
sorghum grass, cow peas and soy
beans, is urgent. The acreage in
I corn should be greatly increased.
Hogs Valuable.
"The greatest care should be taken
with spring pigs. Hogs are now sell
ing in the Northern markets at 15
3-4 cents a pound on foot; beef .cattle
from 10 to 12 cents a pound on foot
with every prospect of increasing.
The acreage of sweet potatoes should
be increased many fold. Every farmer
should plant a crop of all Irish
potatoes?the Lookout Mountain variety
if obtainable.
"With the food supply of the world
in its present condition, we may be
|assured of a profitable demand for
iaU food crops. We owe it to ourI
selves and our country to produce
;the necessary supplies for the family,
and, in the event that war is declared,
for the men who are perform
|i"U ii it-ii {Kiti iuiiu uuty. i lit" I in uI
cations are that for the first time
since the Civil war we will be unable
to purchase supplies from foreign
I countries. Therefore, it is imperative
that we produce them at home.
This possibility of shortage may
bring some of our people to actual
suffering.
"If you think wise have this article
j published in your local papers. Call
I your bankers, merchants and farmers
in conference s0 that the most
powerful influences may be put in
motion for the growing of necessary
food crops for man and beast."
j soy beanTprovide
i feed and gash crop
Every farmer should plant a con
isiderable acreage of soy beans this
year. Seed should be secured immediately,
as there is not enough to
supply the demands of the whole
country. The seed is one of the best
feed crops and there will be a good
cash murket for it next fall. The forage
makes good hay.
There were 21,000,000 pounds oT
soy beans imported into the United
States in 1915 and a larger quantit>
in 1916. One of the large paint manufacturers
of Memphis has just received
a cargo of soy bean oil direct
from Manchuria at a cost of 10 cents
[a pound. There has not been enough
|linseed oil for fears to supply the)
jdemand and each year the quantity |
! decreases. Soy bean oil takes its |
place in the manufacture of paints.
Manchuria has shipped to this counj
try and Europe 1,500,000 tons of soy
beans in one s ason. After the oil if
pressed out of the beans the cake is
I more valuable for feed than cottonseed
meal.
Ground soy beans are about five
per cent, more valuable to feed for
milk production than an equal weight
of cottonseed meal. Our dairymen
should arrange now to plant two
acres of soy beans to take the place
I of each ton of cottonseed meal that
is likely to he needed.
\ In my own work in fattening hogs
! I have found that when corn and soy
beans were mixed in the proportion
of 80 pounds corn to 20 pounds soy
beans, the feed value of the corn was
1 increased from 13 to 87 per cent
> j with an average increase of onc>
fourth.
In fattening beef cattle the Tenjnessee
experiment station found that
-one acre planted to barley, followed
?,by soy beans, nroduced f?08 nnnnrlK
I - - * ? ?
igain on beef cattle; one acre barley,
followed by corn, produced 434
J pounds grain. The acre planted to
. soy beans was worth for beef pro
5 duction 17 per cent, more than the
i acre in corn.
: Soy bean hay?the stalks, leaves
an l pods cured together?furnishes
: a little more feed material than an
an equal weight of good alfalfa hay.
Soy bean straw?the forage that is
i left after the beans have been thresh
- ed?is equal in feed value to timothy
; hay and 14 per cent, better than corn
fodder.
C
THg BfrfcitT MOM
OOD" IS
i
> Better Farmin
i
I .
WHAT THE CROPS
Feed the Plants Properly and the Soil
While Increasir
' cotton crop of one
bale per acre will
"2remove from the
leaves, stalks and
gen 64 pounds of
J. N. HARPER potash and 28
Agrqnomist. pounds of phosphoric
acid. A 40 bushel crop
of .corn will remove in the grain, stalk
and fodder about 64 pounds of nitrogen,
64 pounds of potash and 34 pounds
of phosphoric acid. A 40 bushel crop
of oats will remove in ,the grain and
straw about 36 pounds of nitrogen.
41 pounds of potash ,ajid 16 pounds of
phosphoric acid. 'If, however# stalks,
bolls, straw, etc.. are .plowed under,
so mo of the plant fotd will be returned
to the soil.
Cotton Fertilizer Problem
With the present price of cotton and
other farm products, it will pay the
farmer to give more attention this
Spring to the problems of soil building
and to the intelligent use of fertilizers
than ever before. Some of
the fcest farmers of the South have
adopted the plan of returning to the j
soil in fertilizers, the money received
from all or part of their cottonseed.
This is a good plan and should be
more generally adopted.
Encash Plant Pood for Scat Yieiai
It t'llfPs frnm Ilnfl nr?nn/lo ?-. inn
???" ? - w?.? WW J/UUUVIO IU 1V17
pounds of fertilizer to make a good
weed in cotton, or a good stalk in
corn, and unless amounts above these
are used, full returns cannot be expected
because large amounts must he
applied to produce the fruit and the
grain.
The amount of fertilizer that can
be used profitably will vary with the
different soil types, seasons and with
the different crops grown. The most
important factor, however, governing
the amount of fertilizer that can be
used with profit is the price of the
article produced. At the present price
of cotton, it will pay to use on most
of the soil types of the South larger
amounts of fertilizer than heretofore.
To Meet Boll Weavil Situation
When grown under boll weevil conditions,
cotton should be liberally fertilized
and thie fertilizer should contain
a large percentage of phosphoric
acid, which ingredient hastens its maturity.
A fertilizer containing an am!
pie supply of ammonia should also be
used to start the plant off quickly in
Ua growth. The farmer must ever
O .? * r
ojumern rarmei o r
I
South's Deposits of Phcsphatic Mat<
> U. A. WI1
? ?> s . tm0\ *fcUk'...4?. . ... - t
Recently a Southern fertilizer con- j
cern obtained a large older for acid !
phosphate fr in Holland at $55 per ton.
Contrast this $55.uO per ton with $20.00
^er ton paid by the Southern farmer.
If the Dutch fainter can afford to
pay $55 per ton for acid phosphate
and make ii pay, how nuuh. more can
a Southern farmer obtain when he
?iv.n buy about three times a* much
phosphate with the same money?
Dutch, farmers are shrewd and thrifty.
They have developed agriculture
t.o a very high state of efficiency, and
yey know quite well what can be
done with acid phosphate at $55 per
Pvm. ' Their land is not poor. To the
contrary it is highly developed and
fertile. Every rod that can possibly
be used for agriculture is cultivated
ike a garden. They have found that
o matter how rich their soil, fertilizing
y pays. Out of their experience
they find that it pays them now to
invest as much as $55 per ton in acid
phosphate.
Aids In Combatting Boll Weevil
Under boll weevil conditions, garly|
maturing of cotton is essential. Acid
.phosphate, of course, promotes thj?'fruition
and maturing of cotton. All Agricultural
authorities are no.vr recommending
liberal use of acid phosphate
In fertilizers as an Important measure
Ln combatting the boll weevil.
* 11 Ilia Qmithnrn fa r? . r. r> Im.l . rv mi ?
1* a. uiv nwin iiv? ii in i tai^i liau wv# |/a
55 per ton for acid phosphate, what
disadvantage he would face! Since
he only i>f|ys about enethird this price,
now fortunately situated, he is! Na4
urn liau nlnr>A<l hav* In fSo' QaiiI Vi
* V I^atwvw ??VI V ?M HID WVU' IJ
treat, deposits of rock phosphate
Irhich, when treated with sulphuric
cid, becomes acid phosphate, an ingredient
of fertiliser.
Not only is the Southern farmer favored
by reason of the natural deposits
of phosphatic materials, but, in
recent years, the South has become
a great manufacturer of sulphuric
acid. Sulphuric acid has an important
place in many forms of manufacturing,
and is one of the essentials
in making munitlpns of war, hence
large quantities of it hare been drawn
to the munition plants at. enhanced
prices. The high market for sulphuric
acid has lifted the price of acid phosphate
over that of former years, hut
not enough to prevent its still helig a
most economical plant food.
The Quickly Available Form
Acid phosphate is that form ofphos
tLD, OONffAY, S. 0.
* \ ?
ig in the South
I ARE ASKING FOR
Can Be Built Up Instead of Run Down
ig Crop Yields
bear in mind that the best way he can
fight the boll weevil is to force his
cotton to a quick growth and to an
early maturity. Many farmers in the
boll weevil district, are finding thai
peanuts atfd soy beans are splendid
substitutes for cotton. Unless these
crops are well fertilized, however, with
the fertilizer carrying high percentage
of phosphate, good yields cannot be
expected.
How to Tell What Is Neesssary
The farmer can oftentimes determine
the element most needed in his
fertilizer by noting the manner of
growth of eotton on his different .soil i
types. When the .growth is slow and
the plants have a yellow, unhealthy
look, nitrogen (or-ammonia) should be
applied in rather large amounts. If, |
however, the plants look vigorous, but ;
are not fruiting well, phosphoric acid j
should be used liberally.
Generally speaking, for poor soils, the !
most important element of a fertilizer !
is nitrogen, and the next most import
ant is phosphorous. Therefore, for
poor soils we would recommend under
present war conditions, which make#
potash scarce, a fertilizer for cottor.
and corn analyzing about 9 per cent
available phosphoric acid and 3 per
cent ammonia and 2 per cent potash. '
For peanuts 12 per cent phosphoric
acid, 2 per cent ammonia and 2 per
cent potash. For fertile soils we would
recommend for cotton and corn, a fertilizer
analyzing 12 per cent available
phosphoric acid, 2 per cent ammonia
and 2 per cent potash, and for peanuts,
a fertilizer analyzing 12 per cent phos
1'iiunc hchi, i 1-6 per ceni ammonia
and 2 per cent potash. For the sandy
loam soils of the coastal plaip, potash
is the most essential and for tobacco
and truck crops must be applied
in liberal amounts.
The reason that nitrogen or ammonia
is so necessary an element for practically
all soils is because the nitrates
are soluble in water, and are, therefore,
constantly leaching out of the
land. The farmers should try to store
up as much nitrogen in the soil as
p-jssible by growing such crops as
beans, peas, clover, vetches, etc., which
plants add nitrogen to the soil from
the atmosphere. Practically all soils
of the South are well adapted to the
growing of these legumes.
i
If, however, crops are grown In rotation
with legumes, it will still be
necessary to use commercial forms of
nitrogen' to obtain the best results.
While nitrogen is the main element of
a fertiliser, on poor land phosphoric
acid is the most essential and in practically
all of the testR that have been
made in the South, better results have
been obtained with soluble phosphoric
acid than with finely ground phospJrocks
or floats.
ertilizer Adv^ma^ e
..." i
.riais an aid in koii weevil right.
1TTLE.
phatic fertilizers most readily available
as plant food. Hence this is why ,
agricultural authorities are stressing
its use in fertilizers for boll weevil I
territory, where the purpose is to has- ;
ten maturity of the plants and to get j
as niuf h cotton set as possible before !
i he weevil has developed in sufficient
number to get all the new squares and
the bolls that form, as it will do later
on in the season.
PUSH COTTON IN
WEEVIL TERRITORY
*
J. C. Pridmore, Agronomist.
Inquiry-?"How would you fertilize
to beat the boll weevil to the cotton?"
In growing cotton under boll weevil
conditions, several factors must be
given consideration. The laud should
be well drained and well supplied .with
vegetable .matter. Good seed of a variety
adapted to the locality should
be chosen, and, of course, 4* variety
that will mature its fruit quickly mud
resist wilt should b.e planted. Rer-'
tiiize liberally, and properly cultivate.
On the heavier soils, such as the red
clays and clay loams, the use of a fertilizer
carrying 10 per cent to 12 per j
cent phosphoric acid, J to 4 per cent j
nitrogen and a small per cent of pot-,
] ash, if it can be had, should be used.
Apply at the rate of 250 to 400 pounds
I 11 i-. n? i- ?.uinU
p?r aero. uu u^mer huiih iu nuiv;u
nitrogen, phosphorus and potash are
all usually deficient, a fertilizer carrjing
all three elements is desirable.
Use to 12 per cent phosphoric acid,
3 er 4 per cent nitrogen and 1 or 2
per cent potash, at the rate of 300 to
400 pounds to the acre.
SOY BEANS IN THE ROTATION.
Inquiry?"Will you recommend a
rotation in which soy beans, cotton
and some other crop will be used?"
Soy beans are highly recommended.
They are a legume and, therefore, do
not require much nitrogen. The hay
is abundant and the feeding value
high. The oil mills afford a ready
market for the bean, and the cake
which Is produced by the mills has
splendid feeding values.
A good rotation to follow is cotton
followed by corn with soy beans, followed
by oats and cowpeas. For
southern conditions Hollybrook and
Mammouth Yellow are recommended.
? I. N. HARPER, Agronomist.
. 1
HAVE NEW VAROY"
A
DF EGYPTIAN COTTON
Plant Specialists Have Developed
Earlier and Better
Fibered.
I
After 15 years of experimentation':
in breeding ar.d selection, plan*
specialists of the U. M. Department'
of Agriculture have succeeded in developing
a second new variety of the
valuable Egyptian cotton grown in
this country. The new variety is con
sidered to be superior iti several respects
to the variety now in v use.
sufficient seed of the type, which is
known as the Pima, has boon raised
to plant a relatively large area an 1
will be used during 1917 in the Salt
River Valley of Arizona, the ccnte:
of Egyptian cotton culture in this
country. It is hoped that from this
crop sufficient seed will be obtained
to plant the entire cotton-growing
area of the valley in 1918, if the sub-i
stition of the new variety for the
one grown is then believed to he do
si ruble.
The variety of Egyptian cotton
now being grown in tlie Salt River
Valley is the first new type develop
ed in this country and is known a? ;
the Yuma variety. The Pima cotton I
produces a longer, finer, and lightercolored
fiber than the Yuma, and fc i j
this reason should command a be tie- j
price per pound in the market. Even
were there n0 difference in the value
of the fiber, however, the Pima variety
should be the more profitable
to produce since it is
more productive and earlier, has
larger bolls, and is more easily picked
owing to the greater freedom of
the plants from vegetative limbs.
The Pima variety originated in
1910 with a plant selected out of n
field of Yuma cotton grown at the
Cooperative Testing and Demonstration
Garden at Sacation, Ariz., and
has been carefully tested since. It ?s
much more uniform and truer to
type than the Yuma. The Pima was
given its first tests on a field scale
in 1916, when 275 acres were planted.
The plantings in 1917 will be in
a continuous area so as to avoid
cress-pollination with Yuma cotton.!
Egyptian cotton is especially liable
to cross-pollination between types,!
an occurrence which contaminates
and is likely to ruin a good variety.
The planting of the Pima cotton in a
continuous area will also facilitate
ginning under conditions making
possible the avoidance of the mixture
of Pima and Yuma seed.
FRENCH ANNOUNCE
BATTLESHIP LOSS
Nearly Three Hundred Men
Drowned in Sniking of Danton
by Submarine.
London.?In the sinking of the
.French battleship Danton in the
Mediterranean March 19, i*ays a
statement from the French admiralty
-received here, 28G men were
drowned. The Danton -was torpedoed
by a hostile submarine.
The sinking of a French battleship
of the Danton class by a German
submarine in th# Mediterranean
March 19 was reported in a statement
by the German admiralty
March 20 and received here by wireless.
The statement said the battleship,
which was protected by destroyers,
listed heavily after being
hit and capsized 45 minutes later.
Capt. Morah was named as the commander
of the submarine.
| The battleship Danton displaced
18,UZ8 tons and her complement before
the war was 681 officers and
men. The Danton was built at Brest
and was commissioned in 1906. She
had a speed of 19.2 knots a^d was
481 feet long:. She carried four 12
inch guns and 38 smaller calibres.
ft
To Curo Cold In Otto Day
Take LAXATITQ BVOMO Quinine. XI atop* the
Couch and Headache and work* off the Cold.
Drucciata refund money If H falla to cure.
U. W. GROVH'S aignature on each bos. 26c.
ft
? II
? |
IrtltflESllNGABOUT
| GA83AGE WORM PEST
\\
v|
'Control Measures Porfccted '?
Which Greatly Reduce
Losses From It V
? V
HATCHES OUT FROM J
EGGS OF BUTTERFLY '
Community Action in Combat- '^j
ing This Pest is Strongly
Advised. 13
11
The common cabbage worm, the
nj
most destructive insect enemy of
cabbage and related crops in the
United States, begins its depreciations
as soon as the young plants are
set out in the spring. Steps to com- \
bat it should be taken at an equally I
early date, therefore, it is pointed
out in Farmers' Bulletin ?(>(> of the
United States Department of Agri%
culture, The Common Cabbage
Worm, by F. H. Chittenden.
A'though the insect caused the total
destruction of cabbage, cauliflower,
and other crops in large areas in
the years immediately after its ap- V)
pearanee in this country in the six- \
tics, control measures have now been
perfected to such a degree and adopt
cd to such an extent that losses need
not he great. Spraying with a solu- *
lion of 2 pounds of powdered arsenate
of lead, 4 pounds of arsenate of
lead in the paste form, or 1 pound of
l^aris Green to 50 gallons of water !,
should he begun as soon as the plants
are set out and should be repeated as \\
often as examination of the plants
shows it to be necessary.
The common cabbage "worm" is
the larvae of a white butterfly having
black-tipped wings. The butter- \
flies appear on warm spring days as
early as March, even in the Northern
States, and continue about gardens ^4
and fields until after several severe
fall frosts. In the Gulf region they
? * 4-1 1 i * '
in ta |iicacui tin uugnoui ine gpfisoii, ^
Eggs arc laid on cabbage and related ^
plants, where they hatch in from
four to eight days.
The caterpillar is velvety green,
about the color of the cabbage foliage.
It eats voraciously and grows
rapidly, becoming full grown in from
10 to 14 days after hatching. Three
generations occur each season in the
Northeast and probably six in the \
extreme South. The first generation \
usually develops on wild plants.
Hand picking may be practiced x\
successfully in small gardens. Where (\
sprays are employed they should be J,
applied in a fine mist, since coarser )J
applications tend to gather in drops ?*,
on the leaves and run off.
Community action in combating C
the cabbage worm is desirable where 1 i
ever cabbage and related crops are t!
grown extensively. Agreements (
should be entered into by the truck
ers of the community for each to U
spray throughout the season and to . )
clean oarefully the fields of the bulk
of the old stalks as soon as the crop
is harvested. A few stalks should be
left At .regular intervals as traps on \
which the last generation of female j
'butterflies will deposit eggs. Such .*
stalks should be poisoned freely with i
arsenicals so that the worms of the
last igeneration will not develop.
a Vjl
Whenever You Need General Ton la 11
Take Grove's 1I
The Old Standard Grove's Tasteless '
chill Tonic is equally valuable as a. -'
General Tonic because it contains the u"
well known tonic properties of QUININ E jjk
and IRON. It acts on the Uver, Drives Jv
out Malaria, Enriches the Stood and
Builds ap the Whole System. 50 cents. * T
*
Natural Condition. 1
The Illinois Manufacturers' asso- v
ciation asks Senator Lewis to vote t
against the confirmation of Prof. F. ? .
W. Taussig, the great tariff specialist
who has been named for mem- J.*1
,bership on the tariff commission, j .|
,The association objects to the pro- ,'
fessor on the ground that Taussig is i
one-sided and partisan. Who that ' [
has studied the tariff is not partisan \
or one-sided? Would the Illinois !
manufacturers hold that Cannon, (
Mann and Penrose are non-partisan ?
?Montgomery Advertiser.
%
*
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