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1) MUSI START OVLR FOURTH CLASS POSTOFFICES THROWN OPEN MUST MEET ALL COMERS Aboat Hfty Thousand Incumbents Will Have to Take Their Cliances in a Competitive Examination Ttiat Will be Open to Any Wlio Wish to Try for Places. All fourth clasB pcstmasterships, except those paying less than $180 a year, were thrown open to competitive examinations by an order issued Wednesday by President Wilson. These positions are retained 111 the classified service, but about 50,000 incumbents who were "covered" in the classified service by executive orders of previous Administrations, will have to meet all comers in competitive examination to hold their positions with civil service protection. In a statement making this order public, Postmaster General Burleson announced that it was the purpose of President Wilson and himself t? extend the classified service to include Presidential postmasters of the second and third class, probably within a year. This may require legislation by Congress, he said. His plain, which will be laid before the President, will provide for a qualflcation test for Incumbents and applicants "in keeping with the importance of the offices." Under President Taft's order of October 13, 1912, fourth class postmasters were divided Into two classes, class "A," those drawing more than $500, and class "B", those drawing less than $500. Competitive examinations were prescribed for future applications for class "A" appointments, while the class "IV' positions were to be filled upon recommpndnt Inno r?f r?rxuf "Cm" 4 ut [/wv UIIH.U IllOJJt'Cli/IS. Wednesday's order leaves only the offices paying $180 or less to bo fillod upon inspectors' recommenda?v fl tions. Rules and regulations to govJrern the administration of the new * order will bo worked out and announced by the civil service commission as soon as possible. In his statement the Postmaster General said: "I feel that President Taft's tordor of October 15, last, did not go far enough in that it failed to apply a merit system to the entiro se-vice it was aimed to cover. It had the effect of placing within the classified service a large number of postmasters who have not been required to demonstrate their fitness for such appointments. Fundamentally a reform movement has for its purpose the righting of an existing wrong. Therefore, if the application of the merit system to the postal service was needed in order to correct an existing evil, then the scope of the order affecting the change should have corrected as far as possible the condition then existing as a result of the former system as well as to accomplish the desired resultB in the future. TPolltioal considerations in the past very largely controlled the selection of fourth class postmasters, and under this order Democrats must do neki responsible for the wiso and | safe administration of these oflices. Under the circumstances the Taft order violated at le.ast the fundamental purpose of the civil law, because it placed permanently in oilice without examination or other test as to merit or efficiency a great horde oi persons. If left in this condition and permitted to operate without proper examination into its workings, the order would make honest civil service a farce and prove a setback to its proper administration and future progress. My effort is to correct the evil and save the merit of the order and duly safeguard civil service and efficiency." Children Are Uetrothed. Clara Carter Mallett and Mallett j Carter, born in the same ilat at East St. Louis Thursday, are engaged to marry. The children are each five days old and the wedding is scheduled to take place many years hence. It seemed so remarkable to the parents of the children that the stork should visit both homes within four hours, that they agreed to bring up the childern in the knowledge th?t they were betrothed. \ ? ? ? Pied From His Wounds. Dr. S. C. 'Moore, who was wounded by Richard Austin, the negro desperado, in a running fight in Hampton County last Wednesday after uuuu, uieu at a uoiumbia hospital early Sunday morning, making tho third victim of the negro who is now being hunted. The others killed by the negro were J. Frank Rowers ad Magistrate Edenfield. Mule Died With Rabies. A mule belonging * Mr. L. C. Tisdale, of the Brick CI <rch section of Sumter county, belov Mayesville, died of hydrophobia Monday. The animal began to act queerly Sunday, biting a calf, and biting at everything near it. The calf has been shut up | for observation. ? ,?<? TARIFF BILL PASSES GIVEN LARGE MAJORITY IN Till LOWER HOUSE. Five Democrats Vote Against the Measure and Two Republicans Voted for It. The Underwood tariff bill, proclaimed by the Democratic party as the answer to its platform pledge tc revise the tariff downward, was pass ed by the House late Thursday. Tlu vote was 281 to 13 9, five Democrat! voting against the bill and two Re publicans voting for it. Four Pro gressivos supported the bill and H opposed it, while one independent Progressive joined with the majority When Speaker Clark announce! the vote in loud tones that revealec his satisfaction in the arrival of "tin day he long had sought," exuberan Democrats hoisted a stuffed Demo cratlc donkey over the heads of theii colleagues in the rear of the chain her, a faint ripple of applause fol lowed and the gavel fell on the firs chapter in the history of President Wilson's extra session of Congress. With the bill, after a month's con sideration, on its way to the Senate there was a rush or Representative! for their homes Thursday night. Ir the House adjournment will ho taker three days at a time beginning next week until June 1. In the meantime the Senate finance committeo wil study the bill while the House waye and means committee will organize committees preparatory to the transaction of business next month. Republicans and Progressives, loc' respectively by Representatives Mann and Murdock, protested to the lasl against the measure, the lowest tarifl ill ever written, and proclaimed at the Democratic avalanche howled them over, the virtues of different tariff commission plans. Republicans who voted for the bill were Cary and Stafford of Wisconsin. uvu n uu u^liuncil II WUI'B. Broussard, Dupre, Lazara and Morgan, of Louisiana, on account of the schedule reducing sugar 2 5 per cent., and sending it to the free list in three years, and C. B. Smith, of New York Progressives who vo'eu for tl e bill were Kelley and Rupley, of Pennsyl vania; Nolan, of California, and Bryan, of Washington, Kent, of California, formerly a Republican, hut now an independent Progressi\c. also voted for the bill. Progressive Leader Murdock and thif.oo.i of his Progressive followers vo .e I with the minority. Representee3 Copley, a Progressive, did not vote, answering "present" to his name. In the final consideration of the measure Minority Leader Mann made a lengthy speech 011 a point of order by Mr. Underwood to rule out provision for a tariff board in the motion by Representative Payne, of New York, to recommit the bill. Speaker Clark sustained the point of order. Mann appealed from the chair and a roll call was taken on Mr. Underwood's motion to table the appeal, the Democrats winning, 27 4 to 113. Progressive Leader Murdock also moved to recommit with instructions to provide for a non-partisan tariff commission, but he failed to get a roll call and then the Payne motion to recommit, minus the tariff board provision, was lost, 123 to 2 9 0. Not Like the Oh! Way. i Representative Underwood, in tlie I eyes of Republican leaders of the House and Senate, cai never be a fit person to bo intrusted with the handling of a tariff bill. When it was thrown in his face that he was interested in the pig-iron business in Alabama, he showed that in the Underwood bill the duty on pig-iron had been cut 50 per cent. "The time has passed," he said, "when the laws of this country shall be written for special interests, when men may come to this Congress and ask for legislation that shall convert the dollar from the pockets of the American peoplo into their own pockets." Such talk as that proved conclusively to the Republicans, who believes that certain interests have a perfect right to rob the masses, that Underwood would not do. That was not the way when the Payne Tariff bill was before Congress; when Senator Warren of Wyoming, "the greatest shepherd since Abraham," for personal reasons fought to prevent any change in the forty-year-old duties on wool, or when Senator Scott of West Virginhi exhibited glassware from his own factory in the Senate chamber and demanded that high duties bo retained for his own special protection, or when Senator Guggenheim of Colorado in the metals schedule voted for his own pocket all the time, or when Senator Lippitt of Rhode Island, a cotton manufacturer, opposed reduction of cotton goods duties, or when Senator Penrose of Pennsylvania inditrnantlv rknlnd nnv ? ? v. ?...J ""'Ifeation upon any honoraible Senator to alt there like "a Stoughton bottle" because his private Interests were affected by a tariff bill, says The New York World. The Republicans can't understand how Underwood can favor a tariff that cuts down his own profits from iron. - ? Senator Tillman is right about the election In the First District. Something must .be done to make the primary election fair and square. in ii Mirtiii ? I 1 <X)L. WILIilA i t Chief sanitary officer of the Panam 5 whose methods of sanitation the di I possible, has been given permission i the Republic of Ecuador. The city ; ed up first, as this port will beco ing of the canal. ; IeTherman law 9 1 SENATOR SMITH DISCUSSES ANTITRUST ACT I RELATION TO FARMERS * Tlio South Carolina Senator Declares [ That the Statute is Aimed Only at Combinations of Capital and Not at Duller on the Farm or in the Shop. Discussing the Sherman anti-trust law and its relation to the farmers of the country, Senator E. I). Smith, of South Carolina Wednesday made what is considered by many one of the best speeches yet delivered in the Senate on this subject. He said in part: "I do not think there is any doubt that, viewing it from an abstract standpoint, there is room for argument on both sides of this question, but there is not a senator on the floor of the Senate who is not perfectly cognizant of the fact that the Sher man anti-trust law was never conceived of as a restriction against Labor or against the agricultural interests. The whole agitation {is is set forth in the debates on anti-trust legislation during the passage of the legislation indicates this fact, and around that one fact circle all the arguments In favor of anti-trust law, that it was aimed at the unrestricted and unrestrained power that accompanied great aggregations of actual wealth. It was directed airainHt a system under which a few individuals having in their possession great financial resources, holding in their hands, as it were, the very life blood of commerce, could at their sweet will cut the wages of those who converted the raw material into the finished product on the one side, and dictate the price to those who produced the raw material on the other side. There is not a farmer in the senate, and I suppose there are a few here, who has labored with his own hands, who has toiled to produce that which would minister to the needs and the comforts of the people of this country of ours, who has been engaged in producing our staple products, but has felt the power of aggregate capital overriding and subverting the law of supply and demand, and reducing it not to the law of supply and demand, but to the law of money supply and 'the man.' "There is not a man who does not understand that this legislation was aimed at these aggregations of capital which under the peculiar genius of our government were left until the anti-trust law was passed practically unrestricted. "Wealth in the form of capital is actual. Wealth in the form of muscle I and effort, wealth In the form of field, forest and factory, is potential. The object of our government, as I understand it, is to encourage a diffusion of wealth that will make every man a patriotic citizen, ralizing that under the law, no matter what subterfuge may be resorted to, it will be impossible for him to get a just return for the labor expended. There is not a man on this floor who will dare stand up and declare that he believes the farmers of this country and tho laborers of this country under tho actual, practical operation of our law have got their just return for the vast wealth produced in this country. "Speaking about class legislation, a majority of the people in this -- - I, - ... fc- ? ? >1 C. GORGAS, a Canal Commission, and the man by gging of the "big ditch" was made by the Senate to enter the service of of Guayaquil will probably be cleanmo an important point with the openA FT 10 It Til 10 BLIND TICKKS. ? Shorilf of Callioun County Keeps Tlieni on tlie Move. A dispatch to The State from St. Matthews says Sheriff Mill is far from being a blind tiger, hut ho is running them just the same. The way the sheriff runs them (they are plural in number), he keeps the tiger on the go and gives them a warm chase either until he captures the tiger or his precious liquor, or the tiger quits business. Early in the yoar Sheriff Mill served notice upon evildoers in the liquor business that he was no friend to whiskey. Since then ho has made a number of seizures and arrests. Shipments began to come heavily under fictitious names. The sheriff told railway and express agents that the delivery of such packages would bring 1 them trouble. Consequently a great deal of it has been returned for lack j of proper identification. j Wednesday word came that the depot at Creston wan being imposed upI on by fictitious persons, Sheriff Hill I went down, and after satisfying him, solf that no such persons as the ones addressed would be found he lay seige and captured 100 pints of various brands, kinds and colors. If no one establishes a proper ownership, "pour out day" will be observed in St. .Matthews with all its tempting and regretful ceremonies. country are engaged in doing the labor in both field and factory. It has been said here this afternoon wo are catering to those engaged in labor and in agricultural pursuits on account of their numbers rather than on account of the equity involved. "The whole thing resolves itself back into this: We as legislators, should see to it that labor, the actual force that converts capital into that which we need shall not be oppressed by capital in its aggregate form; that the farmers of this country have a right to combine for the purpose of diffusing wealth and not for the purpose of concentrating it. "It is absurd and idle to stand on tbis floor and argue that if the hundreds and thousands of laborers employed in a steel factory were to ' strike and secure a raise in their wages the result of that would be as disastrous to the people at large as for* the capitalists engaged in this industry to combine and put an unholy price upon that which labor has produced and concentrate that wealth in the pockets of the few and menace this very government, as was done in 1 907. "I, for one, shall vote to retain in this bill this provision just as it Is for the reason that I believn dio m?_ thor of it meant to say, even if it is a ' little awkwardly expressed, that the 1 farmers and laborers of this country 1 shall not in the process of organiza- ' tion be considered subject to the op- 1 eration of the anti-trust law, but shall be subject to the operation of other laws that pertain to violence and bloodshed and whatever else may f be incident to their actions but for { which nothing can be visited upon * the organization. ( "This provlson serves notice on the courts that wo do mean to elim- 1 frtrUe agricultural and labor organiza- * tions from the operation of the Sher- * man anti-trust law, and therefore I s am going to vote for it until such time as I shall have the privilego of voting for an amendment to the original law." ( i? We have heard it asserted that it n cJbst Mr. Whaley and his friends ? over forty thousand dollars to get I him elected to Congress. If it is i true, that is a big price to pay for a 1 flfteen-thousand-dollar job. But, Is i It true? ' < ' . iiir - THE ANTI-TRUST LAW WILL NOT APPLY TO FARMERS AND WORKING MEN. The Republicans Wanted the? Uw to Apply to Farmers Organizations Also. Ry a vote of 4 1 to 3 2 the Senate Wednesday refu?od to accept an amendment to tho sundry civil bill by Senator Gallinger striking out a clause exempting lal>or and farmers' organizations from prosecution under tho anti-trust law with funds appropriated by the bill. Three Republican Senators, Jonee, LaFolletto, and Morris, voted with tuu uciuocrais against itio trttllingor | amendment and two Democrats, I Pomereno and Thomas, joined the Republicans in supporting it. The bill itself, carrying about $1 17,000,000 finally, was passed by a viva voce vote with only one minor committee amendment. It will be sent to conference probably on Friday and should be ready for President Wilson's consideration next week. Friends of the President believe he will sign it. During the debate Wednesday Senator Cummins made an effort to have Congress take up the question of exempting labor and farmers' organizations from the Sherman Act, directly and not by legislation in an appropriation bill. He moved that consideration of the sundry civil bill be suspended until May 17; that the Senate interstate commerce committee be directed to report on the advisability of such exemptions and that if found advisable it should accompany its report with a bill for that purpose. On motion of Senator Martin the Cummins proposal was laid on the table and several minor amendments proposed were beaten by a loud chorus of "noes" and without requiring record votes. Perore the tinai vote wan lunen the Senate spent throe days in debate on the lahor clause and scores of Senators spoke on the subject. An extract from Senator Smith's speech is published elsewhere. Speeches on the Republican side indicating an apparent willingness to see the Sherman law amended and made more specific may lessen the difficulties of President Wilson in putting through his reported plan for changes in this law. SOME NOMINATIONS MARK. South Carolina OITlces Filled by President Wilson. The Washington correspondent of The News and Courier says President Wilson, after his visit to the Senate wing of the Capitol Wednesday, sent in a large batch of nominations, among which were the following for South Carolina: Collectors of customs, Frederick C. Peters, for the district of Charleston; and J. O. Oongdon, for the district of Georgetown. Postmasters: E. I). Ilaney, Beaufort; W. Clarence Clinksoales, Helton; Leila J. Huntley, Clieraw; Francis 13. Gaftney, Gaffney; Jas. F. Hunter, Lancaster; Rachel M. Mlnshnll, Abbev'lle; Arthur C. King, Easley; John T. I>awrence, Seneca. Senator Smith, of South Carolina, was consulted by the President at the Capitol about the names of Messrs. Peters and Congdon and found that they were both satisfactory. When Congressman-elect Whaley was asked by The News and Courier correspondent al>out the nomination of Mr. Peters, he said that it was acceptable to him. The name of W. J. Storer was withdrawn by Sermtor Tillman several days ago, and that of F. C. Peters was substituted. McMANIGAL TO ALTER FACE. 4 | /? ? * oiim-ns?mi iiynamiter Hopes to Avoid Recognition When Liberated. Ortio B. McManigal, confessed dynamiter, plans to have his appearance altered by surgery when ho is set free. It is reported his release from the county Jail in Los Angeles, Cal., may he granted at any time, and McManigal hopes to so change himself i that no one will know him as the man whose testimony sent the McNa- i mara brothers and more than a scoro 3f labor union ofllcials to prison. Detectives say his release will bo kept secret to aid him. Several Children Drown. , When an overloaded rowboat l sprang a leak in the Charles river l md sank, six of its eight occupants, t luce girls and three boys, all of j Cambridge, Mass., were drowned. ( The other boys, the only ones in the j )arty able to swim, were saved. The >oys hired a boat made to hold only our or live, crowded into it and then j < iuirt??a uown tne river. ! ? ? t Ciirl tiets $15,000 for Tin's, i Wheeled into court in an arm * :hair, Miss Warina Starck, a school r eachor of Hollywood, Cal., heard the * rerdict awarding her $15,000 in her lult against the Pacific Electric com)any for the loss of two toes. She t vas injured In a car crash a year ago. t Witnesses testified her chances of J narriage were lessened by the acci- I lent. ? - ... ~ I WANT THEM DROPED GEN. MOORE WANTS TEN COMPANIES DISBANDED = . 7_ THE GOVERNOR REFUSES ' ; a (ion. Mooro (TuIiun Tliat Home of Companies Did Not Coiivply With IiHW.?Itleasc Writ*** Captains ol * * . 1 Companies to firing Commands up lac av to lt<s|uir<sl Standards. The governor and the adjutant SO general clashed Tuosday over the question of mustering out ten com- ? ? a u panleB of the National G uard of South Carolina. Adjutant General ^ Moore in a letter several days ago to the chief executive recommended ^ j that the companies he mustered out qvj bocauso they had failed to comply in with the military law of the State. 3<1 Tuesday the governor sent the adju- on taut general a copy of a letter he had id addressed to the company command- , it ers in question, in which he refused ?mi to comply with the request to (lis- in I band the companies. The governor stated In his letter that, while ho knew he was not complying strictly with the law that the "hoys" ought to get together and bring about order. The governor stated that ho ?y had fought the Dick law as a mem- an her of the Senate. He said that tho ,up requirements of the Dick law were * 1 too stringent. "There are many sides to this el question," said Adjutant General ^ Moore. "Why burden 21 companies 10 H that are keeping within the law with " ten companies who are not complying with the law?" The adjutant general said that he had taken the step P01 after thvee years of careful invosti- ^ gation and that the companies In . question had failed to comply with ? the absolute requirement of the mill- V tary code. ^ The following letter was address- )oi ed to the governor by Adjutant Gen- J oral Moore: "Having completed the annual inspection of the several or- 0 ganizations of tho National Guard of ch this State and the military property, in their possession, as required by f?? the provisions of Section lf>, Military Jn ('ode, 1 have the honor to report that the following companies had less e than the 75 per cent, of their oflicers and enlisted men at such inspection, and that the said companies are not ai in good condition for service, via: m( "Company B, 2nd infantry, Colum- . c bia. 3| "Company E, 2nd infantry, Ben- f { nettsville. "Company G, 2nd infantry, Hartevllle. ' ? 5re "Company C, 3rd infantry, Charleston. "Company E, 3rd infantry, Barn- ( well. ' "Company O, 3rd infantry, Elloree. ^ "Company II, 3rd infantry, Con- , way. |h( "Company I, 3rd infantry, Bam- e9 berg. R "Company K, 3rd infantry, Wal- sa terboro. ==E "I also report th&t the following company has no armory suitable for the safe keeping of arm?, uniforms and equipments?in fact, has no armory at all, worthy of the name?<ae required by Section 25, Military Code, viz: Company B, 1st infantry, Liberty Hill. "Since the language of the sections of the Military Code, quoted above, Is mandatory aa regards organizations failing to comply with the requirements named, providing for thoir disbandmont, I have tho j honor to recommend that you exor- [ft rise the authority given you by Section 18, Military Code, and disband # and muster out of service the com- ^ panios that I have named." ? m m %. . * - niumi niu-ro Jnil Was Handy. Cl A now reason for living In a big Tli city was given by Violet I'iotrowski, ? of Detroit, Mich., who appeared against her father, who was charged with drunkenness. Until recently the >t family lived in a small town in Ohio but moved to Detroit in order that her father might be Jailed for his sprees, the police facilities of minor municipalities not being sufficient to nccoinplish his correction. The court issued a warrant for non-support. * Reckless Driver Killed. Blinded by a dust storm Edward Rellefeldts, who was making his first trip in a new aivtomobile, dashed headlong into a machine driven by P. if. Wilson, 24 7 East Twenty-seventh streot. Chicago, near Oh ester ton, (nd., Monday and was instantly killxl. Wilson escaped with minor injuries. f> ^ c Is it not surprising that the flood jf telegrams that have been sont 3" nto Washington pleading for pro-4 Or ection for cotton should all read as f written by the wimo pen though signed by many different name*? * They all emlnate from the same source. de ? ? ? An exchange referred to May 2 as ? he hottest May 2 in history. "If he editor had been with this scribe tt ChanceUorsville on the same date n 1863 he would revise the record," S3 eplies The Norfolk Virginian-Pilot. . H JSI