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AWFUL SCENES Al jescribed by Some Americans Who Were in the GREAT EARTHQUAKE That Destroyed Several Italian Cities and Killed Nearly Three Hundred Thousand People?They Say Naples Is a Veritable Hospital '^mid Crave?A Cruphic Pieture. tit New York, Jan. 18.?The first Americans to tell of having been in the Italian earthquake and witnessed its scene of death and destruction amid whirh ihnv unt#i wore practically imprisoned for two days, reached New York recently. They toll heartrending stories of the sick and dying refugees, who had been brought to Naples. "The entire city," one of them said, "was both a hospital and a grave. ijTVrsons in all walks of life," ", ^ <l)r. Marsh, "took part in relief Vvork. The pushecarts of street peddlers and the automobiles of the rich were alike used to transport the dead and wounded. When a relief ship from Messina whistled in the hay hundreds of people crowded down to the quays to help out. Mentally as well as physically the refugees showed the awful effect of the calamity. Many had gone insane and had to be locked up. "We left Naples for Itoggio, opposite Messina, Sicily, on the evening of December - 7," says Mr. Alviti llurford. "There was ik/sleeper on t he train, so Mr. Moeller and myself lillllL'rwl I li" J """ Y ? w wi? in*.- pram w I Ull I 1*1 Milpartment. About f>:15 Mr. Mooller said ho hoard a heavy detonation like that of nearby thunder. I must have l)oon asleep at the time, for 1 do not remember hearing such a sound. "Wo had no idea that there had boon an earthquake, arid that we wore even then invading the devastated region until wo began to see in the gray sunrise shattered buildings. Even then we were not sure what had happened. We were the only English speaking passengers on the train. 1 thought at tlrst the ruined buildings wore the relics of the former Calabrian earthquake. ' "Meanwhile, our fears wore aroused more and more by the sight of soldiers, who seemed to pour down upon us at every station until the train was jammed almost solid with them. At one station a large quantity of provisions was loaded on the train. The rain then began to p*dt down, a rain that seemed a veritable n-.i I itrl'i ) 1 ilm I....... l i.,,1 .... ? ?I ' * I 1(111, I I H i w i i 1 i i i ; I i I l\ 111 U III.il DU often follows an earthquake. "A little further on we were horrified to see people crouching near train, clad only in rags, and many of them bleeding, as if .pisr oxtricat< (1 from a railroad wreck. Some were almost, naked. We guessed that there had been an earthquake, but still we were not positive. When we tried to learn by means of gestures what had happened, the inhabitants would ilee in terror. At last I heard the Knglish language, and. though spoken brokenly by an Italian Ked dross Oflieer, who had for a time lived in America and returned to his native land to serve in the army, so that he might make his home in Italy in his old age without being arrested as a deserte ^ his words were like music, lie told us what had happened, and said that Palmi, just over the hill, was almost entirely destroyed. Beyond the tracks had been torn apart by the shock, so that It was impossible to proceed further. " Around us the scenes of suffering were indescribable. Wo saw men and women with broken arms and ribs, moaning and groaning or writhing in silent agony up amP down the roadways. f saw several old women, naked to the waist, with a hunch of rags tied with strings thatydid not reach by six inches to thej^knee caps. Children from four to' fifteen, bleeding and hurt and crying, kept coming continually toufni'/l iiu fvaiyi r\\rt\i? t lui "e\V walked over the hill and saw the ruins of Palini below. Five hours before 14,000 people had peacefully slept where now was heaped one vast mausoleum in which the head were buried beneath heaps of broken rock, mortar, twisted iron columns, skeleton walls just ready to topple and a forest of splintered timbers. It made me think of Pliny's description of the destruction of Pompeii. "Now began the task of loading the wounded on ships. The dead were left in the ruins. "Those that died on the road were laid .yi trenches by the roadsie. MaT.\y frightful scenes were being enacted on every side. On reaching Naples we found that Palermo was pAcked with refugees and that ships were bringing them in by the thousands to the hospitals at Naples. Most of them, as they were carried past us. moaned In agony. Others died while being carried from the ship. Most of those who REPLIES TO TAFT m:ri m.ii ANs tkyixu to i>kkal'cti thk soiti1. Ho Shows Why lie Is Opposed to Compulsory School Attendance in South Carolina. Washington, Jan. L'O.?When Senator Tillman heard today that President-elect Taft had made a speech in Augusta, in which he referred to public men who were he-king in sympathy for the negroes In their efforts to secrue an education, he became thoroughly aroused, and did not hesitate to express tiis opinion, saving "This is directly traceable to the misstatements and malicious editorials emanating from the two leading newspapers in South Carolina, in which my attitude was not correctly stated. "in the first place, i am not opposed to negro education at all, provided it is of the right kind, knowing that education increases the intelligence and usefulness of the citizen. What 1 said and meant, and by which i stick, is this: That the Republican policy of the last forty years has been to compel tin1 South to recognize the political equality of the negro. That in its essence would mean the domination of the negro in South Carolina and Mississippi, and many parts of other South ITII M !ll OS. "We have disfranchised every negro we could under the fifteenth amendment and the only instru% | mentality available was to require an educational qualification. There is now an agitation in South Carolina for compulsory education. That would mean a heavy burdei^ to provide more schools, which the white taxpayers would have to bear, and there could be no discrimination against the negro on account of race or color. Nonce we would present the spectacle of educating the negro at a very heavy expense to hurry forward the contest for supremacy ladwe?ii the two races as soon as we should have given them the necessary qualifications to vote, and be undoing what we found absolutely necessary to preserve our civilizat ion. "We never intend to be governed by negroes, whether educated or uneducated. The Republican party is now seoktner to (lohiiiicli th<> Ronlti through Mr. Taft, who offers us two ollices in every thousand of our population, and a pretended advanco111 c 111 of our material interests to join that party. If the Republicans will throw down and abandon once for all their efforts to compel the: South to recognize the equality of the Caitcasion and the African by repealing the fifteenth amendment, we can t hen have the control of on1' State affairs aiul can then train them to make better citizens and aid in the 'uplift' which .Mr. Tuft is s> anxious to so brought about. Rut we never expect to 'lift' them hign enough ourselves or allow anybody else to lift them high enough to put theirs heels 011 our necks, or govern us again, and the conlliet of the races which seems to mo inevitable, will only be hastened by such talk as Mr. Taft induge in." Til.L.MAN WON'T RIO Ml/.ZIJOI). Says Senate Can't Stop Rim From Roasting Roosevelt. Washington, Jan. 2n.- Prompted . .. 1 -.1 1.. \ * t. prooaitiy ny i in. rase wimi \v nicu Represent ai ive Willed, of New York, was suppressed i11 the house Monday in his denunciation of the president, Republican leaders friendly to Mr. Roosevelt have under consideration a move to ..iitzzle Senator Tillman when he undertakes to make good his promise to attack the occupant of the white house. it. is stated that they will try to invoke a rule that will put. an entire quietus 011 the "pitchfork senator,'' or compel him to stick strictly to parliamentary language in dealing with the president. "They can't do it," was Senator Tillman's declaration when asked concerning the movement. "1 am going to criticize Theodore Roosevelt oflieially. 1 have no doubt that his friends in the senate would like to muzzle nie, but the speech will be made. 1 am at work on it now, but 1 won't be ready to deliver it for two or three weeks. I am in no hurry." had died on the voyage were left on the ship. The scenes here in Naples were worse than in the earthquake-stricken district. The streets were constantly filled with wagons carrying the dead, dying and wounded. "All kinds of buildings had been turned into hospitals and in them all manner of heart-rending scenes were enacted?wives crying for their husbands, children for their mothers and mothers for their babes. "Soldiers shot men down on the slightest suspicion. On one occasion seventeen looters were killed by the military while they were loading a ship. Aboard this vessel there were 721 refugees from Messina, of whom 183 died during the twelve hours' passage to Naples." JUDGE CALLED DOWN IX It KM Alt li A111 < Y 11KAIT1FIL AM) Sl'(?(?FSTI YF CAltTOOX. "The >l?nnot" JikIkc OmittiHl Cotton in (jiving the Oflicinl llnlletiii of the American Farmer. The Augusta Chronicle says reoently Judge, the pictorial publication, printed a magnificent cartoon, called "The Magnet," in which catalogued the "official bulletin of the American Farmers," as follows: "2,043,000,000 bushels of Indian corn grown in the year 1008?value of this crop, $1,015,000,000. This sum would pay ail tin* interest-bearing debt of the I'nited States; would dig the Panama Canal; would build fifty battleships. "The greatest hay crop in history gathered last year, 08,000,000 tons mown down, 12 per cent above the average of the preceding five years. Value of tin? crop, $021,000,000. "000.000,000 bushels of wheat harvested in 1008, worth $020,000, himf. i in* most valuable wheat crop hitherto produced. Value of the oat crop last year, $321,000,000. The yield was 789.000,000 bushels. "The barley crop of 1C7.000.000 bushels?and with a value of $8(1,(HiO.OOO?has been excedcd only once. "The largest rice crop ever raised ? 27.Oou.tMi0 bushels, value about $ 1 S.OOO.uoo, "The sugar-beet crop not only the largest in history, but nearly onehalf as large again as the average of the live preceding years. "The value of the sugar-cane crop has only been equalled once. .Sugarbeet and sugar-cane crops together are worth about $9 1 .Ooo.ouo. "Value of products from American cows close to $ 800,000,000. Aggregate value of animals slaughtered and animal product of tin* farm is nearly $2,uu0.moo,Ooo. "Agricultural products exported in 10OS valued at $1,017,000,000. "No wonder the ships sailing for American ports tire full." Commenting on this publication. Mr. George Noes, of Augusta, wrote Judge as follows: "Augusta, (hi.. Jan. 11. 1900. "Publishers Judge, New York City, N. Y.?Gentlemen: "I note in a recent edition of your publication a cartoon called the 'Magnet.' in which von catalog tin nroducts of tlio American farmer. In looking over the same I am rather surprised that you should have omitted therefrom the most important of all articles and that is the great Southern staple, cotton. "As you doubtless know, the exports of cotton and its by-products, from the I'nited States far exceed in value those of any other commodity. The aggregate worth of same for the past year being more than live hundred millions of dollars. "1 might also say that in the settlement. of balance due by our country abroad our exports of cotton are indispensihlo, for we can rely upon the money from our exports of cotton every year, while no other produet of the soil can he depended upon with the same certainty." The following tribute to cotton from the pen of that gifted Southern writer, the late lamented Henry \V. (Jrady. is interesting: "W hat a royal plant it is! The world waits in attendance on its growth. The shower that falls whispming on its leaves is heard around the earth. The st:n that shines on it is tempered by the prayers of all the people. The frost that chills it, and the dew that descends from the stars is noted, and the trespass of a little worm on its green leaf is more to lCnglaml than the advance of the Russian army on her Asian outpost. It is gold from the instant it puts forth its tiny shoot. Its fiber is current in every bank, and when loosing its fleece to the sun it floats a sunny banner that glorifies the field of the humble farmer, that man is marshalled under a flag that will compel the allegiance of the world, and wring a subsidy from every nation on earth. It is the heritage that ^ Clod gave this people^ forever as their own when ho arched our skies, established our mountains, girt us about with the ocean, loosed the breezes, tempered the sun shine and measured tho rain. . Ours and our children's forever! As princely a talent as ever came from J lis hand to mortal stewardship." "Inasmuch as your publication has quite a large circulation in this section, I beg of you, in future, kindly do not leave off of your official bulletin of the American farmer the chief product of this great Southland?the section of our common country that Is developing In vaster strides than any other portion of it. (Signed) Yours truly, "GEORGE NEES." Judge, In reply, has written Mr. Xees as follows: "New York, Jan. 13th, 1009. "Mr. George Nees, 9 Library Ruildlng, Augusta, Ga. "My Dear Sir?I thank you for I # ? * MILITARY INSPECTION adjitant (.i:\i;i;.\i, iioyd issi ks okokks tl'ksday. Tin* I'nitod State* War Department and State Itinerary Arranged for Various t'oinpniiics. Adjutant General Boyd has issued his orders for the inspection of the militia of the State, including all headquarters, armories and the companies. The inspections begin in March, Kdgclleld being the first place visited, and will end the latter part of April at Laurens. The inspections will he made for the war department by Lieut, (.'has II. Cahnniss, Jr., now stationed in Columbia, and for the Stale bv Col. j Win. T. Brock, assistant adjutant | general. The list of places with dates for i inspections is given as follows: lOdgelield, March, S Company F, I Second infantry. Aiken, March 9?I'nassignod company of infantry. Bamberg, March 10?Company I, Third infantry. Barnwell, March 11?Company 10, Third infantry. Orangeburg. March 12?Company L, 'I bird infantry. Klloree, March 1 f??Company (5. Third infantry. Sumter. March 111?Company L. Second infantry. Timmonsville, March 17 Coml ii! IIv I. Second i n I'm ill rv Conway. March IS? Company II. "I'llifd infantry. (Joorjtotown, March Ifl ? Il<?atl- I quarters, Third infantry, Company F, Third infantry. Walterboro. March 1212 Company K, Third infantry. Charleston, March 12 . 12 t. 12~?. I1'! Companies A. It. C. and 1?, Third infantry; Third detachment hospital corps. New Itrookland, March 127? Company M, Second infantry. Columbia, March 12!*. I'd*. I. April 1 Ceueral headquarters; headquarters First brigade; headquarters Second infantry; Companies It. C. and I*. Second infantry. Florence, April 12?Company II. Second infantry. Darlington, April 5 ? Company K. Second infantry. Ilartsville, April G?Company (!, Second infantry. Itennet tsville, April 7? Company K, Second infantry. Cheraw, April 8?Company F, ' First infantry. Camden, April 0 ? Company A. Second infantry; Second detachment 1 hospital corps. Lancaster, April 112 Fnassigned ... V W III I'll II > ? M I || | <1 II t I \ . Liberty Hill, April 13 - Company < II. First infantry. Hock llill, April 1 1 ?Company I!, i 1-irst infantry. Fort Mill, April 15 ? Company 1\. : First infantry. Winnsboro, April IT.?Company M, Third infantry. Cornwall, April 17?Company 0,1 First infantry. Yorkvillo, April I ft? Headquarters First infantry; Company L, First infantry. Spartanburg, April 20 Company I. First infantry, band, First infan- i t rv. Fnion, April 2 1-?Company M, First, infantry. Clifton, April 22?Company C, First infantry. Greenville, April 22 ? Company A, First in flan rv. Anderson, April 2G?Company F, First infantry. Laurens, April 27?Company I), First infantry. II.WH MKT TAFT. Itoekefellcr, Ogileu ami llarrinian Are in North Augusta. Augusta, .Jan. 1 f*.? President-elect Taft's rest is being invaded by tin; representatives of "predatory wealth," and money is (lying through the air. All rieh arrivals are'philanihropists of the most pronounced ! t vpe. In addition to .John I), Unckofol lor who came several days ago and has , announced that ho will hand over ( the trifling sum of $100,00o to a young women's college in this State, Robert C. Ogden, the New York doer of good work, has arrived in Augusta. 13. II. Harrinian, whose philanthropy in taking railroads under liis wing, is widely known, is expected ( here today. Both Harrinian and Ogden will probably attend the banquet, which will be tendered Mr. Tuft by the Augu&a chamber of commerce. Tails Dead in Court Itootn. Hamilton, Ohio, Jan. 18.?As Judge Murphy today sentenced "Buck" Cot tonga me, a Kentucky feudist, to the penitentiary for life for the murder of Parrish Arnet, the father of Arnet fell dead in the court room. your courteous letter of the 1 1th and have called it to the attention of the cartoonist, who must plead guilty to your charge, without reservation. "Very truly yours, (Signed.) "JNO. A. SLEICHER." BiRuS OUR FRIENDS HI T \VK TKHAT Til KM AS Of II MX KM I MS. The \'ast Majority of IlinN Arc Harmless?An Kconomic Force For Mini's Protection All the brids are man's friends except a precious few, and even these few are not as had as they have been painted, says the Columbia Keeord Itut, as the Keeord goes on to say, men in their ignorance treat them as enemies, and so It behooves thos?' who have gome knowledge of their value to come to their defence. We are glad to see that the Audubon Society of South Carolina, which has already made our people better acquainted with birds, is doing this, lis last annual report is a splendid ribute to our feathered friends that ought to awaken our people to the importance of safe-guarding them against the "snares of the fowler" and their ruthless murder by the sneaking "pot hunter." ii is grauuytng to Know that the desire for the protection of tiirds is becoming more -pronounced and wide-spread, not only because they have been found t hoc of incaleuahle benefit to I ho human race, hut from i t? ling of sentiment. As our peoole h'jirn more and more of bird life, f the absolute value birds are in m; king this a habitable globe, we are coniideni that not only will right haws be enevt I for their protection. Inn the State will see to it that tinlaws are rigidly enforced. 'flu- vast majority of birds, as has been said, is harmless, an economic fote.e provided by naulre for man's protection and happiness. The henelicent birds have been classified, and si -1 apart from tin- small number that are more destructive than Helpful. They destroy what, without, them, would make this world a desert, incapable <>f supporting human life. We shall not. enter upon a discussion of tin- billions of insects and worms that they destroy annually, which, if left undest roved, would make it impossible to raise any sort of crop. Kvery insect-eating bird is worth annually to the farmer more than he knows. I'iVen the much maligned crow is worth his weight in gold.) ( ranting that lie pulls up tin oreas Miuiu main 01 corn just sprouted, i In* destroys posts a tho'isand told more destructive to the young corn or \vt!ieat or oats or liarley then he is; and the tanner ought oh cot fully I to grant him this smaller measure >t' toll for the immense amount of good he does. It is said that a hullnut, which men shoot for mere pastime, will destroy in a day thousands of the moths that lay the eggs of | cotton caterpillars whose ravages cost cotton planter from $r>o,utiot- I itnu to $ 1 no.nno.oou in a single season. So we might go on showing the Immense value of ouch kind of Idrdx to the agricultural interests of the country, hut if we did so we should have no time to speak for the lords from the standpoint of sentiment. This would he a tame sort of world without the birds, that form those "choirs invisible," about which lathes Lane Allen writes so charmingly. They are associated with the happiest times of one's life. We never hear a catbird sing that we do not recall boyhood days, when the apple or cherry trees in the yard of the old ltQine were made early in the day, while the dewdrops like gems shone in the grass, vocal with his jubilant song. And the little house wren, because of its connection with those far off times of happy boyhood, has for us peculiar charm, and we would no more think of robbing it of its life than we would a child's. So of the blue bird and the robin, though of the latter we have in past ignorance killed many a one, lint never after learning that for song they compare favorably with our cardinal bird or our shy brown thrush that loves the dark, dim woods. ICvcn the blue Jays, pert and impudent though they be, which the negroes use 1 to toll us?and we accepted their story as gospel truth carried sand to the Devil every Friday, we love; nor would lie want to kill one of them now even had we never discovered that the negroes were only giving voice to their superstition They may be classed as tbe dandies among birds, and yet in spite of their shrill, discordant cries, that we used to associate with profanity, they am good company and beautiful to see. Ah, what a pleasure birds are and how dull life would he without them! Why men want to kill them, we cannot understand. They are both the life and the happiness of the world. Perhaps when we get hold of that truth, a bird's life will be regarded as a sacred tiling. * Chicago Storm llouml. Chicago, Jan. IS.?A thick blanket of fog and smoke settled over the city and lake, extending almost the entire length of the city from north to south, early today, imperilling trafllc and necessitating reduction of running schedules to the minimum rate of speed prescribed for fog conditions on all trafllc lines. I FIFTY PERISH Powdar Explsion Causes Disaster to Workmen Near Chicago IN A MARINE TUNNEL Half a Hundred ,Laborers a Milt* and Hall' From Shore, in l.ake Michigan, Hlown to I'ieres, Itrunrd to Heath or It row net], and a Largo N umher Are Injured. Chicago, 111., Jan. 20.? hlown to pieces by exploding powder, burned to death by the resultant lire or drowned in the icy waters of Lako Michigan was the fate today of liftythree workmen, who were woiking on a submarine tunnel at a wooden crib, a mile and a half from shore. The crib was used in the construction of a tunnel connecting with the south side shore of the city at 73rd street. it is known that ninety-live workmen were employed in the crib and the connecting tunnel at tie* time ?)t' the explosion, which started the lire and blew or drove men into the water. The work of the destroying elements was begun so unexpectedly and reaped iis harvest of dead and injured with such swiftness t hat the eont ract ing linn of (ieorge \V. Jackson and the resnurrs have been unable to arrive at anything like an I accurate list of tlmsc Willi i i^lw >l or of others who escaped the fury of the Humes or the icy wait is of i lie lake. All south side hospitals are filled with injured men tonight, t'lly lire boa ts and I ugs of the construction company inside frequent trips far into the night to the; scene of the disaster through the heavy ice lioes. The disaster apparently had its origin in a powder house of small dimensions, situated ahout M-o yards from the crib structure proper, hut at the same time being a part of t ho general st i net are. The dull detonnt ion. muf!le<l as it was l?y the crunching of floating ice against the crib and the atmosphere [ laden with heavy fog, simply aroused the attention of the workmen, according to servivors, and it was not until the heat of the ll'iiims and the stilling snioak penetrated the socalled "living room" of the crib and the tunnel beneath the waters of the lake that the full import of the disaster dawned upon the workmen cut off from quick succor. One of the workmen with a cooler head than his fellows, made tns way through the smoak to a little inclosure in which was a telephone and gave the hurried message to the shore station: "The crib is on tire. For (lod's sake send help at once, er we will he baried alive. The tug? At this point communication ceased and through I lie fog tin occasional mil's! of llanos, nihl mi unmistakable odor of smoke made it known to the watchers on shore th.it tin* telephone mi ssage was in earnest. The i iik T. T. Morford was the first to login rescuing the frenzied work men. After several hours of heroic work on the part of t he rescuers thirtynine workmen were rescued. When the tug Conway and its crew had finally quenched the flames, fiftythree bodies had been carried to the shore nrvl placed in morgues in South Chicago, COM INC TO \.Mi:itlC;\. .Many Laborers to Leave Stricken district. Washington, Jan. 1 ft.? That onequarter of a million of Italian laborers, most of them from Sicily and cuiunrtn. will leave their n 11 i \ ? land within tin* coming four months principally for the United S'nfes as a result of the enrLh<|tiake, is t he remarkable claim made by importers of New York city in a brief tiled with the house committee on ways and means. These importers declare that the lemon raising urea of Italy will lose nearly 3bO,uhO workers as a result of the earthquake. "Normal conditions, which until December UK last, governed the production and exportation of lemons from Sicily, have been suddenly overturned. Nearly, or quite, 1 f>0.000 human lives have been suddenly destroyed, one-fifth being men and largely of the laboring class. "From our best advices we are assured that a quarter of a million will leave Italy during the coming four months, most of them from Sicily and Calabria. "Facing the conditions now existing in Sicily, we solemnly assure your honorable body that unless the duty upon lemons is materially reduced the importation of the lemon has reached its end." An Iowa editor was asked, "Do hogs, pay." He replied "a good many do not; they take the paper 1 several years and then have the I nnslninutor umi.l ??% ? -1. ?'u ?v iiicii i\V/ii 'refused' or 'gone west.' " . ?d.