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+ ) - VOL. VIII. THE DISPENSARY DISMANTLED. THK LAW DIX'Ii A Ul ,l) VNCONSTITUTIONAL!. Tin* Supreme ('mil l Divided on ?I?? t^uestion?The Majority Says llie Act Creates a Monopoly?It is a Revenue and Not a l'olice Measure. Columbia .lournnl, 19th hist. The decision has come at last and the dispensary law is declared to bouneonKtitilt.inmil in ?I ? in v*\;i j [/at in mar. Tho long expected decision v us filed this morning. Tho judgment of the Court was rendered by Chief Justice Melver, from whoso opinion Justice Pone filed u dissenting opinion. The decision is u long one and contains fully .'H>,ooo words, ltf is for tho whvt part a strictly legal view of tho case, out with it all it has features that will bo of interest to everybody. The ease was legally entitled : Chus. S. MeCullough vs. George Just Browne et al anil tho State vs. 1 lentz Jacobs, J. C. H. Troegor, Jerome Fagan, J. It. Byrd and Bon David. In tho first instance Judge UudsoD rendered his famous decision and all the remainder of the cases come from Columbia, tho result of which is well known. In each instance the Supreme Court sustains tho judgment of tho lower court. Jrdgo Melver's decision on the subject is very able, clear and logical and completely knocks out tho dispensary law. lie. says that tho Attorney General during tho hearing had suggested to the court that tho act of 1S1?J superseded the act of 18(J2, but that no motion had been made by tho State's at tornoy along that lino and the court would consider, for the sake of argument, tho two acts identical. Proceeding in tho decision Judge Melver says that ordinarily the presumption is in favor of any act passed by the Legislature being constitutional upd reviews at some length tho nature, scope and object of the law. lie declares that it violates two articles of tho Constitution, namely, the first and tho fourteenth. The first article declares all men free and equal with the right of enjoying liberty and property, and the fourteenth article guarantees every man against being deprived of his right to engage in any lawful business. These rights, the court observes, are derived from the Creator rather than from the government. The tratlie in liquor itself is not unlawful, and the law in so far as it forbids a citizen from engaging in it when the State is allowed to conduct the same business is null and void. The court next considers the question of the alleged police regulation of tho traffic under the dispensary law, but concludes that it contains no such idea. Tho whole scheme, the court says, is one to increase the revenue of the State. The State has no right to engage in business in competition with her citizens. Such an idea is at variance with .all ideas of civil government. The power given the State to engage in the liquor business by the last Legislature is outside and beyond the power conferred upon the General Assembly by the people. Tho court answers also the argument raised that because tho State engaged in business of supporting colleges that she could also engage in the business of selling liquor. This is answered by showing from authorities that education is a legitimate function of government while selling liquor is not. The above arc some of the leading ideas advanced by the majority of the court, and, as will be seen, they thor ougmy cover tho ground and effectually knock out a law conceived and operated as a political expedient. .Justice Pope's dissenting opinion covers nearly 100 pages of foolscap, lie argues chiefly that the whole law is constitutional from the fact that the regulation of the liquor traffic is a legitimate function of government, and he holds that the dispensary law is such a regulation. lie does not think tho object of it is the raising of a revenue. The State House officials seemed to have caught on to tho idea that the decision would bo adverse to them. There was a lot of consulting among them. John Gary Kvuns was an intereHtivf' visitor at the State House. When ho heaid of the decision, he said that it Would make no difference as tho State would take care of itself. When pressed to givo some information as to what tho Stato expected to do under tho circumstances, ho said "simply wait and see." Governor Tillman had not arrived at tho time the decision was rendered. They wore all waiting for him to see what to do about it. Governor Tillman was kept quite busy consulting with tho various officials and of courso tho decision was the all absorbing topic. Governor Tillman had nothing whatever to say on tho subject. Ho would express no opinion until tho State authorities had ueciueu wnai> to no. Attorney Genoral Buchanan said that ho did not know wliat would he done. Ho contends, however, that the decision of tho court has no elfect on tile present law, but simply docidod'on tho law of 1802. Ho did not explain wherein thoro was any radical difference in tho laws. Ho is of tho opinion that tho ease can bo appealed to tho United States courts as questions of Federal law came up undor it. He did not say positively that such action would bo taken, though ho intimated as much. John Gary Evans said that the decision was tho result purely of political bias, and that Justice Hope's decision would stand with lawyers and law mug azinos as tho clearest and a right decision. iMr. Traxlor taid that as far as he was concerned ho had received no orders to stop business and that he would n ..mAM ^UU -1-11- 1 - II -1 A - - u^umiiuu uiiLii omciiiily noiiuou to quit. 11 cannot bo told yet oxuctly what the result will bo. Tho dispensaries are gtill running and will not close at once. It was generally thought at the State House today that an extra session of tho Legislature will bo called. Nothing has been decided on that line or at least nothing could bo le&rnod about it. The Supromo Court has ton days in which to send down to tho lower court official notification of thoir decision and until that time expires things will likely remain as they are. Mr. Traxler says that ho has a lot of liquor in transit and lie does not supoose that the decision will prevent Jhiin from paying for it. ' / Special to the Atlanta Journal. Columbia. S. C., April 19.?The , State Supreme Court, in its long ex' peeted decision rendered this morning, deelared the dispensary law uncon, stitutional. The decision is voluminous, boinu ? o over twenty thousand words in length. It is not unanimous, two of the justices deciding against the law and one in favor of it. Chief Justice Mclver and Associate Justice McGowan agree in pronouncing the act unconstitutional in practieuily all of its features. Associate Pope dissents. In their elaborate opinion the majority of the court deeido the measure one to raise revenue and not'a police regulation. The court takes up the entire question and declares both the old and tho new luw in their main features to ho against the principles of Carolina's government. The opinions of Judge Hudson, of tho court below, were both allirmed. n'DETAILS OP TIIE DECISION. The court assorts, after reviewing the ease, that in no view of it can the dispensary act he regarded as a police regulation of the business of selling intoxicating liquors, and, if it could be, that such polieo power does not include the power on tho part of the State to engage in carrying on such business. As to the revonuo feature, it is hold that, since the legislative department, under tho general power of taxation conferred upon it, cannot impose any tax except for some public purpose, upon the same principle it seems clear to tho majority of the court that any act of tho Legislature which is designed to, or has the elYoct of embarking tho State in any trade which involves the purchase and sale of any article of commerce for prolit, is outside of. and illt.OiriU.hm' Iwunnil legislative power conferred upon the General Assembly by tho constitution. A STATE CAN NOT TRADE. " Trade," says the decision, " is not and cannot properly he regarded as one of the functions of government. It seems to us that the questions as to the right of the State to engage in any trade or business for the purposq of gain has been practically determined adversely to such right in tho rocent case of Mauldin vs. tho city of Greenville." The court is careful to say that, in the Chester caso. it carefully avoided the consideration of any constitutional question holding the act unconstitutional. The court decides that it is unneessary to consider the minor details of the law and reaffirms the opinion of Judge Hudson. THE TEST CASE. The caso on which the Supreme Court rendered its decision is that of the citizens of Darlington against the Darlington board of control. The hoards of control have to do with the liquor business exclusively, acting as a kind of board of managers. .1. 11. Hudson, the judgeof tho fourth judicial district, heard the caso, and Nettles & Nettles, who brought tho action, won a victory, tho board of control being enjoined from establishing a dispensary in Darlington. Tho board was represented by O. W. Buchanan, now attorney-general of the State, then deputy to AttorneyGeneral I). A. Townsend, and by Boyd Brown, of Darlington. Circuit Judge Hudson made tho injunction permanent on two grounds. First, that the board of control had violated the technicalities of tho law, and second that tho law was uncon stitutional. Ho held that it was not constitutional because it was a monopoly, and also because the Stato could not enter into trado in anything. Judge Hudson admitted that the State could prohibit the sale of intoxicatidg liquors as a nuisance. Hut when it began to sell liquor that moment the sale of liquors becamo a legitimate business. Being a legitimate business any one should bo. able to engage in it, but the law, instead of permitting that, seeks to establish an absolute monopoly in favor of the Stato and against its citizens. Judge Hudson enunciated a still broader principle. Ho held that the Stato could not trade in anything. If the State could sell liquor it could sell drugs, take charge of railroads and banks?indeed, absorb any business tho privilege to engage in which is given l>oth by tho spirit and lettor of the constitution. Judge Y. J. Pope, elected to tho supreme bench of the State by a Tillmanite Legislature, immediately suspended the injunction granted by Judge Hudson until such time as tho Supreme Court could reach a decision. Tho other two members of the Supremo Court are Samuel MeCowan and Henry McTvcr, both old and highly respected judgos. The case was argued January 21), and a decision was expected in a short time, but tho whole State has been kept in suspense now for over a month. Tho State has already announced its determination to appeal to tho Unitod States Supreme Court. A Tillmanito member will go on tho State Supreme Court bench in .inly, and tho matter may ho kept pending until that time. Governor Tillman has consented to say this much about the decision : "I haven't read it and don't know its scope yet. 1 have tried to enforce the law because it was law. The action of tho court makes it incumbent on me to take stops, as my judgment will dictate, to protect tho interests of the State and 01 the people. The matter is not finished. I will do nothing for tho present but appeal to tho supromost court?tho people !" Special to the Augusta* hronicle. COLUMBIA, S. C., April 19.?Tho dispensary decision rendered by tho Supremo Court to-day was In tho cases of tho State ai/ainst MeCtillniurh ? State against Brown; State against Trueger and sevoral others, all of which wore argued together on tho 29th of last January. These cases were all attacks upon tho constitutionality of tho act of 1892. In tho mean time, in Docombor, 1893, a now act was passed repealing the act of 1892; but consisting substantially of the same provisions. It was, in tho languago of its friends, a more " tightening up" of the previous act. The court In their decision confino thomsolves to a consideration of tho act of 1892, but declare that the constitutional objections apply with equal effect to tho act now I in force. Therefore, while nominally tho law as it stands remains unattackod, the decision practically annuls it. ' . k wmmmmmmmmmmmmmammmmmmmmmmmmmmmmammmmtmi CONWAY, Chiof Justice Melvor, who delivered i j the opinion, while in no souse a politl- c . cian, is understood to sympathi/.o ( with the Straightout faction, and the > . same may bo said of Justice MeCJowuu, t who concurred with him. \ ' J ustiee Pone is u Ti 11 nm?,! ?? on?i u..iu . eloeted Attorney General when Til 1i tnun wus first elected Governor in 18U0. i .lustlco MeGowan's term expires In c July, und Eugene H. Gary, until re, cently Tillinanito lieutenant governor, was elected to succeed him last December. It is surmised that an olYort will <; bo made to have the law uguin sub- j initted to the court after he takes his ( seat, when the court will include a t majority of Tillmunites. Lawyers saw. however, that an act declared uncon* c stitutional cannot be restored by the t, mere reversal of an opinion; that it e will ho necessary for it to ho again enacted by the Legislature before its n constitutionality can have another t test. I] The decision was hailed here with k delight. All day the citizens of Colum- n biu, while not demonstrative, have i been jubilant at the outlook, and the % impression is universal that the law is s dead, lleports from other towns are ,> that the news of the decision was re- h coived with joy. \ Governor Tillman, for the l'rst time t in his life, refused to talk. He has not t read the decision yet and positively re- a fuses to express himself. d Senator John Gary Evans, who fath- u ered the law in the General Assembly o and who is its special champion as a t candidate to succeed Governor Tillman, ditl not hosituto to charge that the do- ii cision was a partisan one; that it was c the result of political force and that k Justice Pope's opinion would be sane- ? tinned by lawyers as clear and right. a " What are you going to do about it?" said a reporter to Attorney ot General Buchanan this afternoon. v " Saw wood and say nothing," was b mu lauuDiu ropiy. i no - Attorney o< Gonorul says, however, thut the pre- () sent luw is not affected by tho decision, ii It1 wus evident from tho; ton? of his U conversation that tho decision us a ^ legal deliverance had not excited iiis p admiration. Tlie Attorney '.General u declines to say whether or not there h will bo an appeal to tho United States 01 Supreme Court. t< There lias been some talk of tho tl Governor culling a special session of tl tho Legislature to re-enact a now dis- t< pensary law which would not he passed upon until after Justico-oloct Gary p succeeds Justice McGowun. p, Immediately after the decision was y, (iled several orders were counter- ui tnanded by tho State dispensary. The y " blind tigors," which liavo never ti boon especially cautions in their w operations in this city, have sold whiskey to-day with considerable more p, audacity than usual and have not been cj interfered with. Tho local dispen- Zi saries have been doing business as usual. It is probable that tho bar it keepers will not publicly resume busi- (,i ness until they have been advised by c< their counsel, whose opinions they are tl; now awaiting. rt Lawyers dltTor as to the efTect of tho ir decision of tho Supreme Court in do- u Glaring the dispensary law unconstitu tionul except that provision which pro- a| dibits towns from granting license to m soli liquor to rotuil dealers. It is held a! by some that it practically inaugurates f( a system of rigid prohibition, and that w no more whiskey can bo legitimately Ui sold by anybody. Other lawyers do- ct elare that the effect of the decision is fo, to render any sort of prohibition law .J impossible, and that the court lias do- 0| terminod the right of any citizen to sell intoxicants to be literally inalien , tl able. it cannot be prodioted how tho do- as cision will affect State politics. If it p, closes tho dispensaries and does not st open barrooms the prohibition element a] will at once unite in an elTort to see jr their pot idea given a fair showing, pi The decision has staggered tho Till- (j man faction, although tlyt leaders of it u, had learned several days ago that the jr, court was avorso to them. They have p been in conference all day, and it is tl certain that as yet they have no do- tl finite plan in viow. n, Liquors in tho railroad depots for a] shipment from tho State dispensary to ()i Beaufort and other country dispensa- 8t ries wore withdrawn today. tl NATIONAL DEMOCRATIC LEAGUE. a lr General Hampton is Ready to Or- D gunizo in this State?Tlie Object and ai Purpose ol't lie Proposed Organ i/.u 01 lion. j, The following lottor from Gen. ir Hamilton is published for tho consideration of tho Democracy of South p Carolina: ai To tho Editor of The News and f< Courier: Tho following letter was D addressed to mo recently by the Hon. g Chauncoy F. Black, the president of w the National Association of Democratic ti Clubs, and as it is so forciblo a plea ai for tho organization of theso clubs tl throughout tho country I deem its V publication important. As vico pre- a< sidont of tho League for South Caro- si lina it is my duty to respond to tho I3 call of tho president., and n.u mv ? ? ?J ' " ov on tho subject ho has so ably presented ci are in full accord with his that duty ti becomes in this caso a pleasure. In my judgment, if there ever was g a time when tho great Democratic s( party dopondod for its permanence, its b very eiistoneo, on tho unity of its S members it is now, when false creeds c< and false prophets threaten to destroy o it. This I regard as eminently the zi caso in South Carolina, whore many C of our truest men havo boon led astray ti by tho promulgation of political tl heresies, claimed by their advocates c< to bo true " JolTorsonian Democratic ti principles." tl Tho vast majority of tho whites in a South Carolina are at heart stanch g and loyal Democrats and they would S not knowingly imporil their party, so p when warned as thoy aro in such v strong and truthful language by one ii of the ablest leaders of th Dornocracy, c< as Governor Illack has always been, of the dangers threatening the party, I n have faith that they will rahy to the w support of th& only party which pro- e mises peace, prosperity and protection o to tho South. c My function as vice prosidont of tho o National Leaguo is to present to tho d pooplo of South Carolina the viows and e wishes of tho prosidont. If they are c in accord with him as to the dangers c ahead of us and the vital importance o of prompt action in ordor to avoid h them, I shall gladly give all tho aid ii^o >. C., THURSDAY, A ny power to tho formation of I)orao:ratio clubs. I therefore urge nil Democrats who itatul on the natlonul plntform to >t'tfanizo promptly their clubs, to vhieh every true Democrat will bo >li^iblo as luombor. W a UK Hampton, Vice President National Association >f Domocrutio Clubs. York. Pa., March 1, 1804. My I)oar Sir: At the recent mooting >f the executive committee of the National Association of Democratic Jlubs, at which you were good enough o appear as vice president for South Carolina, it was resolved to push the organization of Democratic societies hroughout the Union with all the ner<ry at our command. Wo believe that this is especially iccassary in the South, not only for he reasons heretofore driven publicly y you and personally to the committee, out for similar reasons advanced by lany distinguished leaders of the Jemocracy in that section. The really Teat interests of the South, that is to ay liberty to preserve the peace and rdor of Southern society, unhindered y any intermeddling central power at Vashington, freedom of elections and he development of lior vast agrieulurul possibilities, unvexed by adverse nd oppressive Federal taxation, opend entirely, it appears to me, i pon the continuance of the Demoratio party in national power, and lint again upon the intimate and ordial association of the Democracy i i the Southern States with the Demo- 1 nicy North and Wost. Wo should novvn but u single platform of prlnciles and wo should ho animated by but i single purpose. Our interests are not divergent, but ;>niplementary. Whatever injures ou injures us, whatever the injuries i o to your liberties, as citizens of our 1 minion country, or to your commerce, i r to your agriculture, or to any other i idustry. But unfortunately Southern I lemocrats, since reconstruction, for- i etting to some extent the hideous ' orils they had passed, and relying ) pon their great natural majorities, i avo, in some places, neglected their t rganuation, allowing strange heresies i > arise and fatal divisions to threaten I le party. I am not intending to say ] mt this is peculiar to the South. It is i K> frequent elsewhere. 1 Is there a remedy? It seems to 1110 ( lain. With the sagaeity of an ox- 1 urienced and enlighted statesman I l)u have very eleurly pointed it out, i ud so have many other devoted 1 outhern men. You need to main- i i i ii the closest political relations ? itli your Democratic brethren in the 1 nion. You want to embody your 1 eople upon distinct Democratic prin- i iples, in a distinct Democratic organi- i itlon, which embraces the entire i luntry and moves with a common | npulso. Heretofore we have met i uly in the national conventions. We 1 i-operato more or less closely in i utlonal campaigns, but there our t ilations cease. There is no further j itercommunication. But a system of i emooratic societies, ombraeing the i hole Union, aetive every year and i 11 the year, uniting the great i uiltitude of primary society in State i ml nutional associations, in constant \ eternal correspondence and in armost sympathetic touch one with (lothor, is, it seems to me, the practiil relationship which should prevail litween I1H Kllrth on : HU v.B?u><wmvu in l resented by the Nationul Association t r Democratic Clubs. t Its principles are thus formulated in f 10 2d article of its constitution : \ " The objects of this association aro i i follows : To foster the formation of h immanent Democratic clubs and c >cieties throughout the United States t nd insure their active co-operation c i disseminating JeiTarsonian princi- 1 les of government; to preserve the c onstitution of the United States, the t utonomy of the States, local self- i overnmont and freedom of elections; \ > resist revolutionary changes and i ?e centralization of power; to oppose c iu imposition of taxes beyond the i ueessities of government economy in 1 branches of the public service ; to pposo unnecessary commercial ro.rictious for the benefit of the few at 16 expense of tho many; to oppose ass legislation, which despoils labor s nd builds up monopoly ; to maintain < iviolate the fundamental principle of t emocraey, equality before tho law ; nd to co-operate with the regular < ganization of tho Democratic party 1 i support of Democratic men and Do- t loorutic measures." 1 These propositions embody indis- i utublo Democratic doctrines. They t re, in general terms, tho faith of tho ( rnnders of tho party, and of all true c omocrats of this, as of preceding f onerations. That statement of them t as noi oniy adopted by tho first na- i onal convention of Democratic clubs ( t Baltimore in 1888, and readoptod by c le second national convention at New c ork in 1802, but it has been formally c :lopted by many State Democratic t icioties from tho Atlantic to tho \ aciflc, and by thousands of primary t icieties, members of tho State so- \ ioties, and of tho National Associaon. Can you suppose a more perfect uaranteo of futuro harmony unon )und principles than such a mighty rothorhood of Democrats, North, I outh, East and West, ready to en- t niruge and defend tho party in what- ( ver section assailed V Such an organi- < fition, holding to tho letter of tho \ onstitution and tho strict construe- j on commandments of our fathers as i io indispensable conditions of the < mtinunneo of our republican institu- I ons, would, in a vory few years, make j lis country permanently Democratic, 1 nd, in tho meantime, it would, if ] oneraliv adnnind ir> tin. tates, secure thorn against tho torn- \ orary inroads of third parties pro- i oked by momentary ills, and propos- I lg, invariably, undemocratic and un- 1 institutional ineasuros of roliof. l If in addition your pooplo will ro- 1 lombor that tho Democratic society j 'jus tho original organization of the ] ntiro Dcmocftitic party ; that it was ' nly by means of the Democratic so- 1 iotios that Democrats addressed each thor, or tho world, in the earliest i ays of tho Republic ; that it was tho < xpodient of Jefferson and his ompoors; that indeed, tho popular ' lub has over been tho most ottioiont 11 ngine of popular agitation ; that the |! undrcds of tho Democratic societios | t the South were hoard from end to PR(L 1894. etui of the land in the lirst strutftfl between the Democracy and Fedor alistn, and that the sociotlos of Vit oinla and South Carolina were special Iv conspicuous In those times, whoi the everlasting foundations of ou deathless party were luid, they wil accept the proposition to institub them anew with the greater alacrity I suggest that you consider this sub jeet at your earliest convenience, am that you ask in the way you deem bos the co-operation of the Democrats o Smith ( Vmilinu i>? 8...? ? ... w.i..M in v;iu i in it hi l MMl (M 1 system of Democratic societies,, whlcl shall embrace every election distrie in your State. Kach of them shouh ho enrolled with the National Associa tion, Lawrenco Card tier, secretary Washington, I). and at the propoi time you will douhtless consider i advisable to call a State convention o deputies from the several sooietios tc form the Democratic Society of Soutl Carolina. 1 remain with grout respect verj truly yours, Chauncey F. Black. The Hon. Wade Hampton. iiusinicss vs. politics. Lending Business Men of Soulli Caro Una Tell of tlio Safety of Invest iiientHin that State. The Manufacturers' Koeord of Haiti more prints a number of letters from substantial business men of the Piedmont section as to the ofTeet produced by our political differences. It would be easy to duplicate these letters in sentiment from every section of the State, and every one will recognize the fact that in the transaction of business there are no political distinctions made nmong the people : National Bank of Spaktanhuru, Spartanburg, S.(April 18. In reply to your favor of the 12th Inst., referring to the tinaucial condition of our DConlo. with a view t.o Li"'. rooting erroneous impressions made upon people outside of the State as to Lhe safety of property and investments, md general condition of business, I would say that 1 believe that the enterprises of this State are in a most nourishing condition, as the dividends will ihow. The farmers are well-to-do, and ire improving yearly. The corporadons of all kinds, as a rule, are on a paying basis, and there is constant oncourugement for enlargement in every ine. If the information asked has any connection with the recent disturbances on account of the dispensary aw, and the declaration of martial law in some of the counties, I think that Lhe statements made, from no matter what source, together with the finding >f the coroner's jury, all published diroughout the country, will establish Lhe fact that there was no insurrection, md that there was 110 reason for the iction of Governor Tillman. This fact will account for the hesitation 011 the airt of many of the military compares, and the refusal of some to answer die call. It was a hesitation between nilitary duty and duty to their country. They could not beliovo that the rood of the State was uppermost in the novement. 1 would not like to say .hat it was a move 011 the political chess-board, hut it looks that way. No county of South Carolina has been in 1 state of insurrection, and never will he. Gkokoe Cofiel,d, President. greenville, s. CM April 12. In response to your inquiry ooneornng the condition of our people und the dTect of our political differences, I be# o say that political feeling does not afoot our business interests; wy may rote on a different principle, but when t conies to business we accept the tame standard ; that there is no menuce >r danger to property in any form. The general condition of our peoplo is dejidedly better than it has over been loforo. All legitimate business properly managed is prosperous. The hard dines have taught our people lessons 11 economy and placed them in better losition for future prosperity than thov lave ever enjoyed. There is no lack >f confidence, but on the contrary, every one is strong and hopeful. henry hhiqgs, President American Bank. Greenville, S. C., April 12. It gives mo pleasure to state in roponso to your letter that there is no langor, real or imaginary, or menace s> any property of investments in this state. There is a divergence of views >n local politics among our people, but nisinoss interests are not affected by dioao differences. While there has icon the same stringency in the money narkot hero as elsewhere, every legi.imato business has been prosperous. )ur farmers are in by far a better conlition than over before. Our manuacturing interests are highly prosper>us, as is attested by their business, lot a single one having to close down iuring all the hard times, and by their lividonds, not one having to pass a lividend. Our banking is sound and sonsorvativo. Wo will wolcomo and lid any capital seeking legitimate inrestmont among us, and will give thorn ill the protection they can got anyvhoro. Frank Hammond, President Pfl/mln'a 11,. r.U Greenville, S. C., April 12. Wo thank you for the opportunity af'orded uh to assure you and others .hrough vou that our political differences do not alloct our businoss interests. There has never been a time vhon there was any menace to or jeopardy of private property or danger to inj legitimate investments by reason >f the strong factional fooling or un'riendly legislation. Capital and labor iro ontirely friendly and are on by far oettor basis to continue so than in any Northern State. Coming diroctly in laily contact with the farmers, we are oroparod to say that their general conlitiori Wlia nnw.>? < '? '* 1 - .. wv uvtui nw ^UUU iV>i 11/ lrt now. Wvory lino of manufacturing that haw wen wisely and properly managed in prosperous, notwithstanding a decrease in volume of business. Our banks are iouna and conservative, and, as thoir published reports show, their profits woro novcr hotter. While our people have not and never will lond themselves to a 41 boom," which finally hurts inoro than it helps, they always onBourage legitimate invostmonts, and have always given and will always give the sanio protection and support thoy are willing to accept for themselves. So far as our city is concerned, wo go further and exempt from municipal taxes uny manufacturing intorost for u f 0 period of ton yours whoso investment - amounts to #1000. As wo hud th< - money in the bunk for that purpose, I- wo have untlciputed the interest or; n our olty improvement bonds, due in r duly, and have ordered the sumo paid 1 now upon domand. Our pooplo are o strong, self-reliunt and full of oonfl. donee in their own ability and rysour i- uu? ui uiL'ir country, l JamksT. Williams, t Mayor of tho'Clty of Groouvillo. f W. C. Cleveland, v Chairman Kin unco Committee. 1 Notk.?Mr. William* is the senior 1 member and manager of the firm of ' .lames T. Williams it Co., wholesale dealers in hardware. Sir. VV. C. < Cleveland is the largest individual taxr payer in the county of (froenvillu, and does a private banking business. His f investments are in every kind of prop' orty from large landed estates to gov1 eminent bonds. r l'out Royal it WkstkunCa. Ry. Co. Augusta it Knoy villi-: RailhoadCo. Sl'AUTANUUItO, S. C., April l!i. In my opinion there is no reason whatever to mistrust the condition of affairs in this State. Life and prop. orty are just as safe and secure here as anywhere. The recent whiskey war, which was purely local, has domou stratod the power of the State governi mont to preserve peace. Piedmont Carolina is the most favored section of I the Union. All our factories'are runI ning on full time, and several now coti ton mills are being built. The opera tives all seem contented and happy, ! and the skies are just as bright as i ever. 1 know of nothing either on the i surface or under it that is calculated to interfere with the progress of our people in every line of industry, agricultural or manufactory. We have prospered during the last ten years, and every indication points to increased prosperity. Our towns and ^cities are grow'ng ; our manufactories are > being enlarged, and our farms and farmers are in a better condition than ever heretofore. Our banks seem io navo uii abundance ol money, and what is needed from abroad is readily obtained in Now York with local stocks as collateral. South Carolina is not as much disturbed as other States, where the military are so often called upon to suppress strikes. Our people are peaceful, law-abiding and seem to be perfectly satisfied, conditions which, all united, 1 do not believe you can find today in any other section, certainly not in the congested centres of population. John 11. Cl.kvul.anu, Receiver. 0KEKNV1L.L.E, S. C., April 12. (u response to your letter I bog to say that our business has increased near 2d per cent, this season over that of last, which amounts to nearly $10,000 increase. We sell to both dealers and also farmers direct, and are thus brought in direct relations with farmers, merchants and bankers throughout upper Carolina. Outside of the general depression felt all over the country, wo consider the general condition excellent. Whatever may be the effect of our political differences on those outside the State, they have no influence on our trade. I am sure no section of the country has a better basis for full and complete prosperity than this section. f\ I ? Vf . r r c President Grconvillo fertilizer Co. In responso to your inquiry concerning the condition of our people financially, 1 beg to assure you that wo are all right. 1 do not consider any legitimate investment in this section as endangered by reason of the wide divergence of political views of our people. All well-managed business has produced substantial returns. Wo aro quite satisfied with the returns from our business. Our pooplo will gladly encourage and accord protection to all legitimate enterprises. Li. A. Norwood. ? -?? ? ? More than six times as many pooplo now speak the Knglish language as did ninety years ago. In the year 1800 the number was 20,500,000, now it is nearly 120,000,000. In the same period the number speaking Portuguese has increase from 7,480,000 to 12,810,000; Italian speaking pooplo have increased from 15,074,100 to 25,873,000; the Spanish-speaking from 20,104,000 to 40,855,000; the French from 31,448,000 to 50,818,000; the German from 30,318,000 to 70.820,000 ; and the Russian from 30.770,000 to 70.725,000. (July two of those si^x aro rivals to the Knglish language, viz.: the Gorman and the Russian, have during the century grown in popular use at a rate as high as one hundred per cont.; while English has increased more than six hundred per cent. Will Knglish bo the universal language? It is distinctly the Protestant tongue, and the language of free institution and reprosonta nvo government. ?The continued use of alcohol, nay* The Brooklyn Medical Journal, produces insanity by getting up a subjective morbid condition of the nervous system, which misleads the mind and conduct. It is needloss to add thut after an inebriate is cured ho must avoid his old environment of the saloon and bo a total abstainer. If ho entertains the delusive idea that he can stay in his old environment and drink beer, ales and light wines in moderation with impunity, he will have a relapse of his disease of dipsomania. Those who honestly desire to 1x3 cured are thoso who co-operate with tho physician in his endeavor to cure them and choose a new environment. Those who are half-hoartod ah<?n*. it n?t....r. to the old environment and relapse. ?The noeessity for a variety of food lor chickens is genorally understood, but very few people are aware of the i value of sunflowers as hen food. They i are very productive of oil, aro eaten i greedily and gave a pocular lustre to i the feathers. I have one-eighUi of an aero planted in this crop, writes a t Western farmer, and proposo to bind i them into bundles and stow them away for wintor use. The heads can be i thrown into the hen house, whero the chiokons will soon pick out the seeds, thus giving them exorcise as woll as variety. With plonty of other grain within reach they will oat uo more sunflower seed than are beneficial to them. I think a great plot of sunflowors, with i 'their great yellow faces turnod to the' J sun, an agreeable sight. ???_ . NO 41. t THK COMING CAMPAIGN. ? ArrniiKOtnonlN lor the Candidate# to ( Pome Before the People?K* tracts from the Count It ullou of the Democrat le Party. I Tho politicians aro looking forward to tho opening of tho campaign in this State, and as many persons aro not familiar with tho constitution of tho Democratic oarty, wo append such portions of the.amended constitution us will have a bearing upon tho conduct of tho campaign : A I..I" \r / ?? - - ' ...v.viu t , v,uuiiij ueinocrauc conventions slmll bo composed of delegates elected by the several local clubs, ono delegate for every twenty-live voters, as shown by the poll list made ut the preceding lirst primary election, atul one delegate f?>r a majority fraction thereof, with the right to each county convention to enlarge or diminish the representation according to ciieumstances. The county conventions shall bo called together by the chairman of the respective executive committees under such rule, not inconsistent with the constitution nor with the rules adopted by the State Democratic Kxecutlvo Committee, as each county may adopt, and when assembled shall bo called to order by the chairman of the executive committee, and the convention shall proceed to nominate and elect from among its members a president, one or more vice presidents, a * secretary and a treasurer. The clubs recognized by the respective county conventions which sent delegates to the State convention which met on August Id, 1KU0, shall be recognized as the only legal clubs : l'rovided, howover, rhat any county convention may permit the formation of a now club or clubs by a majority vote of its mnmhnra i 1...1 f, - t w* I\?VU) 1UI VIIQI I That in all cities with a population of 5,000 and over there may l>o two elul^s in each ward ; they shull ho orgunizod in obedience to tills constitution, 'us are tlio clubs elsewhere in this State, and in organizing said clubs they shall have representation in the county conventions, respectively, us said conventions shall declare in accordance with the provisons of this constitution. Art. VI. The nominating convention for the nomination of Governor, Lieutenant Governor and other State olllcers, in 18P2 and thereafter, and for electors for President and Vice President in the sumo year and every I'residential year hereafter, shall he composed of delegates from each county, double the number to which such county is entitled in both branches of the General Assembly. Said delegates aro to be chosen by primary eloctions to be held 011 the last 'i uesday in August of each election year:' the delegates elected to receive a majority of tho votes cast. At the election only white Democrats shall be allowed to vote, except that negroes who voted for General Hampton in 187(1 and who have voted tho Democratic ticket contiuously since may be allowed to vote. Tho club rolls of tho party shall constitute tho registry list and shall bo open to inspection by any member of the party, and tho election under this clause shull be hold and regulated under tho Act of tho General Assembly of this State, approved December 22, 1888, and any subsequent Acts of tho Legislature of this State. Second primaries when necessary shall bo held two weeks later. Art. VIII. Tho State Executive Committee nl?nll b?. ../wn..1 *./ w wu?|/uoyu U l UUU member from each county, to be elected by the convention. If any vacancy occur on the State ticket or for electors, by death, removal or other cause, the committee shall have the powor to liH the vacancy by a majority vote of the whole committee. Art. IX. When the State convention assembles it sball be called to order by the chairman of the State Executive Committee. A temporary president shall be nominated and elected by the respective delegations and elected by the convention and after its organisation the convention shall proceed immediately to tho election I of permanent officers and to tho transaction of business. When the business has concluded it shall adjourn | sine dio. Art. X. Thoro shall bo a primary election in each Congressional District in this State on the last Tuesday in August, 1892, and every two year* thereafter, to nominate candidates for Congress, to bo conducted and managed as is horeinboforo provided in tho election of dologates to tho State con- * vention. Tho vote to be received, tabulated and announced by the State Executive Committee, to tho chairman of which tho result is to bo transmitted by the respective county chairj men by tho first Tuesday in September, 1892, and every two years thereafter. Tho election for Solicitors of tho different Circuits shall be by primary, subject to tho sumo rules and regulations, and to ho announced in tho samo way as before set forth for Congressmen. Art XI. before tho election in I 1892, and each election year therej after, tho State Democratic Executive Committee shall issuo a call to all candidates for State offices to address tho people of the different counties oi the State, fixing tho date of tho moot* ings, and also inviting tho candidates for Congress, United States Senate, delegates to tho Stato convention, and for Solicitor, in thoir rospoctivo Districts and Circuits, to bo present and address tho people. At such meetings only the candidates above sot forth shall be allowed to speak. Art. XII. It shall be tho duty of each county executive committee t<? appoint meetings in thoir respective counties to be addressed by the candidates for the General Assembly and for the difToreut county offices, all of whom, excepting Trial Justices and Masters, shall be elected by primary on the last Tuesday in August of oach oloction year under the same rules and regulations hereinbefore provided. ?Comptroller-General Kllorbe reports that the t-jtate tax levy for the four years under Tillman is less on the averago than the four years of Richardson. ?Rev. A. J? Stokes has accepted an invitation to preach the annual sermon at the commencement of the Williamston Female College in Juno next. ?Anothor earthquake shock was fell Ion the 13th at Summervi le. The roaring and subterranean noises was as great as the big shock of 1880. m \ ^ e