The Horry herald. (Conway, S.C.) 1886-1923, April 26, 1894, Image 1
+ ) - VOL. VIII.
THE DISPENSARY DISMANTLED.
THK LAW DIX'Ii A Ul ,l) VNCONSTITUTIONAL!.
Tin* Supreme ('mil l Divided on ?I??
t^uestion?The Majority Says llie Act
Creates a Monopoly?It is a Revenue
and Not a l'olice Measure.
Columbia .lournnl, 19th hist.
The decision has come at last and the
dispensary law is declared to bouneonKtitilt.inmil
in ?I ?
in v*\;i j [/at in mar.
Tho long expected decision v us filed
this morning. Tho judgment of the
Court was rendered by Chief Justice
Melver, from whoso opinion Justice
Pone filed u dissenting opinion.
The decision is u long one and contains
fully .'H>,ooo words, ltf is for tho
whvt part a strictly legal view of tho
case, out with it all it has features that
will bo of interest to everybody.
The ease was legally entitled : Chus.
S. MeCullough vs. George Just Browne
et al anil tho State vs. 1 lentz Jacobs, J.
C. H. Troegor, Jerome Fagan, J. It.
Byrd and Bon David.
In tho first instance Judge UudsoD
rendered his famous decision and all
the remainder of the cases come from
Columbia, tho result of which is well
known. In each instance the Supreme
Court sustains tho judgment of tho
lower court.
Jrdgo Melver's decision on the subject
is very able, clear and logical and
completely knocks out tho dispensary
law. lie. says that tho Attorney General
during tho hearing had suggested
to the court that tho act of 1S1?J superseded
the act of 18(J2, but that no motion
had been made by tho State's at
tornoy along that lino and the court
would consider, for the sake of argument,
tho two acts identical.
Proceeding in tho decision Judge
Melver says that ordinarily the presumption
is in favor of any act passed
by the Legislature being constitutional
upd reviews at some length tho nature,
scope and object of the law.
lie declares that it violates two articles
of tho Constitution, namely, the
first and tho fourteenth. The first article
declares all men free and equal
with the right of enjoying liberty and
property, and the fourteenth article
guarantees every man against being
deprived of his right to engage in any
lawful business. These rights, the
court observes, are derived from the
Creator rather than from the government.
The tratlie in liquor itself is not unlawful,
and the law in so far as it forbids
a citizen from engaging in it
when the State is allowed to conduct
the same business is null and void.
The court next considers the question
of the alleged police regulation of
tho traffic under the dispensary law,
but concludes that it contains no such
idea. Tho whole scheme, the court
says, is one to increase the revenue of
the State. The State has no right to
engage in business in competition with
her citizens. Such an idea is at variance
with .all ideas of civil government.
The power given the State to engage
in the liquor business by the last Legislature
is outside and beyond the
power conferred upon the General Assembly
by the people.
Tho court answers also the argument
raised that because tho State engaged
in business of supporting colleges that
she could also engage in the business
of selling liquor. This is answered by
showing from authorities that education
is a legitimate function of government
while selling liquor is not.
The above arc some of the leading
ideas advanced by the majority of the
court, and, as will be seen, they thor
ougmy cover tho ground and effectually
knock out a law conceived and operated
as a political expedient.
.Justice Pope's dissenting opinion covers
nearly 100 pages of foolscap, lie
argues chiefly that the whole law is
constitutional from the fact that the
regulation of the liquor traffic is a legitimate
function of government, and
he holds that the dispensary law is
such a regulation. lie does not think
tho object of it is the raising of
a revenue.
The State House officials seemed to
have caught on to tho idea that the
decision would bo adverse to them.
There was a lot of consulting among
them. John Gary Kvuns was an intereHtivf'
visitor at the State House. When
ho heaid of the decision, he said that
it Would make no difference as tho
State would take care of itself. When
pressed to givo some information as to
what tho Stato expected to do under
tho circumstances, ho said "simply
wait and see." Governor Tillman had
not arrived at tho time the decision
was rendered. They wore all waiting
for him to see what to do about it.
Governor Tillman was kept quite
busy consulting with tho various officials
and of courso tho decision was
the all absorbing topic. Governor Tillman
had nothing whatever to say on
tho subject. Ho would express no
opinion until tho State authorities had
ueciueu wnai> to no.
Attorney Genoral Buchanan said
that ho did not know wliat would he
done. Ho contends, however, that the
decision of tho court has no elfect on
tile present law, but simply docidod'on
tho law of 1802. Ho did not explain
wherein thoro was any radical difference
in tho laws. Ho is of tho opinion
that tho ease can bo appealed to tho
United States courts as questions of
Federal law came up undor it. He did
not say positively that such action
would bo taken, though ho intimated
as much.
John Gary Evans said that the decision
was tho result purely of political
bias, and that Justice Hope's decision
would stand with lawyers and law mug
azinos as tho clearest and a right decision.
iMr. Traxlor taid that as far as he
was concerned ho had received no orders
to stop business and that he would
n ..mAM ^UU -1-11- 1 - II -1 A - -
u^umiiuu uiiLii omciiiily noiiuou to quit.
11 cannot bo told yet oxuctly what the
result will bo. Tho dispensaries are
gtill running and will not close at once.
It was generally thought at the
State House today that an extra session
of tho Legislature will bo called.
Nothing has been decided on that line
or at least nothing could bo le&rnod
about it.
The Supromo Court has ton days in
which to send down to tho lower court
official notification of thoir decision
and until that time expires things
will likely remain as they are.
Mr. Traxler says that ho has a lot of
liquor in transit and lie does not supoose
that the decision will prevent
Jhiin from paying for it.
' /
Special to the Atlanta Journal.
Columbia. S. C., April 19.?The
, State Supreme Court, in its long ex'
peeted decision rendered this morning,
deelared the dispensary law uncon,
stitutional.
The decision is voluminous, boinu
? o
over twenty thousand words in length.
It is not unanimous, two of the justices
deciding against the law and one in
favor of it. Chief Justice Mclver and
Associate Justice McGowan agree in
pronouncing the act unconstitutional
in practieuily all of its features. Associate
Pope dissents.
In their elaborate opinion the majority
of the court deeido the measure
one to raise revenue and not'a police
regulation. The court takes up the
entire question and declares both the
old and tho new luw in their main
features to ho against the principles
of Carolina's government. The
opinions of Judge Hudson, of tho court
below, were both allirmed.
n'DETAILS OP TIIE DECISION.
The court assorts, after reviewing
the ease, that in no view of it can the
dispensary act he regarded as a police
regulation of the business of selling
intoxicating liquors, and, if it could
be, that such polieo power does not
include the power on tho part of the
State to engage in carrying on such
business.
As to the revonuo feature, it is hold
that, since the legislative department,
under tho general power of taxation
conferred upon it, cannot impose any
tax except for some public purpose,
upon the same principle it seems clear
to tho majority of the court that any
act of tho Legislature which is designed
to, or has the elYoct of embarking
tho State in any trade which involves
the purchase and sale of any
article of commerce for prolit, is outside
of. and illt.OiriU.hm' Iwunnil
legislative power conferred upon the
General Assembly by tho constitution.
A STATE CAN NOT TRADE.
" Trade," says the decision, " is not
and cannot properly he regarded as
one of the functions of government.
It seems to us that the questions as
to the right of the State to engage in
any trade or business for the purposq
of gain has been practically determined
adversely to such right in tho rocent
case of Mauldin vs. tho city of
Greenville."
The court is careful to say that, in
the Chester caso. it carefully avoided
the consideration of any constitutional
question holding the act unconstitutional.
The court decides that it is
unneessary to consider the minor
details of the law and reaffirms the
opinion of Judge Hudson.
THE TEST CASE.
The caso on which the Supreme
Court rendered its decision is that of
the citizens of Darlington against the
Darlington board of control. The
hoards of control have to do with the
liquor business exclusively, acting as
a kind of board of managers.
.1. 11. Hudson, the judgeof tho fourth
judicial district, heard the caso, and
Nettles & Nettles, who brought tho
action, won a victory, tho board of
control being enjoined from establishing
a dispensary in Darlington. Tho
board was represented by O. W.
Buchanan, now attorney-general of
the State, then deputy to AttorneyGeneral
I). A. Townsend, and by Boyd
Brown, of Darlington.
Circuit Judge Hudson made tho injunction
permanent on two grounds.
First, that the board of control had
violated the technicalities of tho law,
and second that tho law was uncon
stitutional. Ho held that it was not
constitutional because it was a monopoly,
and also because the Stato could
not enter into trado in anything.
Judge Hudson admitted that the State
could prohibit the sale of intoxicatidg
liquors as a nuisance. Hut when it
began to sell liquor that moment the
sale of liquors becamo a legitimate
business. Being a legitimate business
any one should bo. able to engage in it,
but the law, instead of permitting
that, seeks to establish an absolute
monopoly in favor of the Stato and
against its citizens. Judge Hudson
enunciated a still broader principle.
Ho held that the Stato could not
trade in anything. If the State could
sell liquor it could sell drugs, take
charge of railroads and banks?indeed,
absorb any business tho privilege to
engage in which is given l>oth by tho
spirit and lettor of the constitution.
Judge Y. J. Pope, elected to tho supreme
bench of the State by a Tillmanite
Legislature, immediately suspended
the injunction granted by Judge
Hudson until such time as tho Supreme
Court could reach a decision.
Tho other two members of the Supremo
Court are Samuel MeCowan
and Henry McTvcr, both old and highly
respected judgos. The case was argued
January 21), and a decision was expected
in a short time, but tho whole
State has been kept in suspense now
for over a month.
Tho State has already announced its
determination to appeal to tho Unitod
States Supreme Court.
A Tillmanito member will go on tho
State Supreme Court bench in .inly,
and tho matter may ho kept pending
until that time.
Governor Tillman has consented to
say this much about the decision :
"I haven't read it and don't know
its scope yet. 1 have tried to enforce
the law because it was law. The action
of tho court makes it incumbent
on me to take stops, as my judgment
will dictate, to protect tho interests of
the State and 01 the people. The matter
is not finished. I will do nothing
for tho present but appeal to tho supromost
court?tho people !"
Special to the Augusta* hronicle.
COLUMBIA, S. C., April 19.?Tho dispensary
decision rendered by tho Supremo
Court to-day was In tho cases
of tho State ai/ainst MeCtillniurh ?
State against Brown; State against
Trueger and sevoral others, all of
which wore argued together on tho
29th of last January. These cases
were all attacks upon tho constitutionality
of tho act of 1892. In tho mean
time, in Docombor, 1893, a now act was
passed repealing the act of 1892; but
consisting substantially of the same
provisions. It was, in tho languago of
its friends, a more " tightening up" of
the previous act. The court In their
decision confino thomsolves to a consideration
of tho act of 1892, but declare
that the constitutional objections
apply with equal effect to tho act now
I in force. Therefore, while nominally
tho law as it stands remains unattackod,
the decision practically annuls it.
' . k
wmmmmmmmmmmmmmammmmmmmmmmmmmmmmammmmtmi
CONWAY,
Chiof Justice Melvor, who delivered i
j the opinion, while in no souse a politl- c
. cian, is understood to sympathi/.o
( with the Straightout faction, and the >
. same may bo said of Justice MeCJowuu, t
who concurred with him. \
' J ustiee Pone is u Ti 11 nm?,! ?? on?i u..iu .
eloeted Attorney General when Til 1i
tnun wus first elected Governor in 18U0.
i .lustlco MeGowan's term expires In c
July, und Eugene H. Gary, until re,
cently Tillinanito lieutenant governor,
was elected to succeed him last December.
It is surmised that an olYort will <;
bo made to have the law uguin sub- j
initted to the court after he takes his (
seat, when the court will include a t
majority of Tillmunites. Lawyers saw.
however, that an act declared uncon* c
stitutional cannot be restored by the t,
mere reversal of an opinion; that it e
will ho necessary for it to ho again enacted
by the Legislature before its n
constitutionality can have another t
test. I]
The decision was hailed here with k
delight. All day the citizens of Colum- n
biu, while not demonstrative, have i
been jubilant at the outlook, and the %
impression is universal that the law is s
dead, lleports from other towns are ,>
that the news of the decision was re- h
coived with joy. \
Governor Tillman, for the l'rst time t
in his life, refused to talk. He has not t
read the decision yet and positively re- a
fuses to express himself. d
Senator John Gary Evans, who fath- u
ered the law in the General Assembly o
and who is its special champion as a t
candidate to succeed Governor Tillman,
ditl not hosituto to charge that the do- ii
cision was a partisan one; that it was c
the result of political force and that k
Justice Pope's opinion would be sane- ?
tinned by lawyers as clear and right. a
" What are you going to do about
it?" said a reporter to Attorney ot
General Buchanan this afternoon. v
" Saw wood and say nothing," was b
mu lauuDiu ropiy. i no - Attorney o<
Gonorul says, however, thut the pre- ()
sent luw is not affected by tho decision, ii
It1 wus evident from tho; ton? of his U
conversation that tho decision us a ^
legal deliverance had not excited iiis p
admiration. Tlie Attorney '.General u
declines to say whether or not there h
will bo an appeal to tho United States 01
Supreme Court. t<
There lias been some talk of tho tl
Governor culling a special session of tl
tho Legislature to re-enact a now dis- t<
pensary law which would not he passed
upon until after Justico-oloct Gary p
succeeds Justice McGowun. p,
Immediately after the decision was y,
(iled several orders were counter- ui
tnanded by tho State dispensary. The y
" blind tigors," which liavo never ti
boon especially cautions in their w
operations in this city, have sold
whiskey to-day with considerable more p,
audacity than usual and have not been cj
interfered with. Tho local dispen- Zi
saries have been doing business as
usual. It is probable that tho bar it
keepers will not publicly resume busi- (,i
ness until they have been advised by c<
their counsel, whose opinions they are tl;
now awaiting. rt
Lawyers dltTor as to the efTect of tho ir
decision of tho Supreme Court in do- u
Glaring the dispensary law unconstitu
tionul except that provision which pro- a|
dibits towns from granting license to m
soli liquor to rotuil dealers. It is held a!
by some that it practically inaugurates f(
a system of rigid prohibition, and that w
no more whiskey can bo legitimately Ui
sold by anybody. Other lawyers do- ct
elare that the effect of the decision is fo,
to render any sort of prohibition law .J
impossible, and that the court lias do- 0|
terminod the right of any citizen to
sell intoxicants to be literally inalien , tl
able.
it cannot be prodioted how tho do- as
cision will affect State politics. If it p,
closes tho dispensaries and does not st
open barrooms the prohibition element a]
will at once unite in an elTort to see jr
their pot idea given a fair showing, pi
The decision has staggered tho Till- (j
man faction, although tlyt leaders of it u,
had learned several days ago that the jr,
court was avorso to them. They have p
been in conference all day, and it is tl
certain that as yet they have no do- tl
finite plan in viow. n,
Liquors in tho railroad depots for a]
shipment from tho State dispensary to ()i
Beaufort and other country dispensa- 8t
ries wore withdrawn today. tl
NATIONAL DEMOCRATIC LEAGUE. a
lr
General Hampton is Ready to Or- D
gunizo in this State?Tlie Object and ai
Purpose ol't lie Proposed Organ i/.u 01
lion. j,
The following lottor from Gen. ir
Hamilton is published for tho consideration
of tho Democracy of South p
Carolina: ai
To tho Editor of The News and f<
Courier: Tho following letter was D
addressed to mo recently by the Hon. g
Chauncoy F. Black, the president of w
the National Association of Democratic ti
Clubs, and as it is so forciblo a plea ai
for tho organization of theso clubs tl
throughout tho country I deem its V
publication important. As vico pre- a<
sidont of tho League for South Caro- si
lina it is my duty to respond to tho I3
call of tho president., and n.u mv
? ? ?J ' " ov
on tho subject ho has so ably presented ci
are in full accord with his that duty ti
becomes in this caso a pleasure.
In my judgment, if there ever was g
a time when tho great Democratic s(
party dopondod for its permanence, its b
very eiistoneo, on tho unity of its S
members it is now, when false creeds c<
and false prophets threaten to destroy o
it. This I regard as eminently the zi
caso in South Carolina, whore many C
of our truest men havo boon led astray ti
by tho promulgation of political tl
heresies, claimed by their advocates c<
to bo true " JolTorsonian Democratic ti
principles." tl
Tho vast majority of tho whites in a
South Carolina are at heart stanch g
and loyal Democrats and they would S
not knowingly imporil their party, so p
when warned as thoy aro in such v
strong and truthful language by one ii
of the ablest leaders of th Dornocracy, c<
as Governor Illack has always been, of
the dangers threatening the party, I n
have faith that they will rahy to the w
support of th& only party which pro- e
mises peace, prosperity and protection o
to tho South. c
My function as vice prosidont of tho o
National Leaguo is to present to tho d
pooplo of South Carolina the viows and e
wishes of tho prosidont. If they are c
in accord with him as to the dangers c
ahead of us and the vital importance o
of prompt action in ordor to avoid h
them, I shall gladly give all tho aid ii^o
>. C., THURSDAY, A
ny power to tho formation of I)orao:ratio
clubs.
I therefore urge nil Democrats who
itatul on the natlonul plntform to
>t'tfanizo promptly their clubs, to
vhieh every true Democrat will bo
>li^iblo as luombor.
W a UK Hampton,
Vice President National Association
>f Domocrutio Clubs.
York. Pa., March 1, 1804.
My I)oar Sir: At the recent mooting
>f the executive committee of the
National Association of Democratic
Jlubs, at which you were good enough
o appear as vice president for South
Carolina, it was resolved to push the
organization of Democratic societies
hroughout the Union with all the
ner<ry at our command.
Wo believe that this is especially
iccassary in the South, not only for
he reasons heretofore driven publicly
y you and personally to the committee,
out for similar reasons advanced by
lany distinguished leaders of the
Jemocracy in that section. The really
Teat interests of the South, that is to
ay liberty to preserve the peace and
rdor of Southern society, unhindered
y any intermeddling central power at
Vashington, freedom of elections and
he development of lior vast agrieulurul
possibilities, unvexed by adverse
nd oppressive Federal taxation,
opend entirely, it appears to me, i
pon the continuance of the Demoratio
party in national power, and
lint again upon the intimate and
ordial association of the Democracy i
i the Southern States with the Demo- 1
nicy North and Wost. Wo should
novvn but u single platform of prlnciles
and wo should ho animated by but i
single purpose.
Our interests are not divergent, but
;>niplementary. Whatever injures
ou injures us, whatever the injuries i
o to your liberties, as citizens of our 1
minion country, or to your commerce, i
r to your agriculture, or to any other i
idustry. But unfortunately Southern I
lemocrats, since reconstruction, for- i
etting to some extent the hideous '
orils they had passed, and relying )
pon their great natural majorities, i
avo, in some places, neglected their t
rganuation, allowing strange heresies i
> arise and fatal divisions to threaten I
le party. I am not intending to say ]
mt this is peculiar to the South. It is i
K> frequent elsewhere. 1
Is there a remedy? It seems to 1110 (
lain. With the sagaeity of an ox- 1
urienced and enlighted statesman I
l)u have very eleurly pointed it out, i
ud so have many other devoted 1
outhern men. You need to main- i
i i ii the closest political relations ?
itli your Democratic brethren in the 1
nion. You want to embody your 1
eople upon distinct Democratic prin- i
iples, in a distinct Democratic organi- i
itlon, which embraces the entire i
luntry and moves with a common |
npulso. Heretofore we have met i
uly in the national conventions. We 1
i-operato more or less closely in i
utlonal campaigns, but there our t
ilations cease. There is no further j
itercommunication. But a system of i
emooratic societies, ombraeing the i
hole Union, aetive every year and i
11 the year, uniting the great i
uiltitude of primary society in State i
ml nutional associations, in constant \
eternal correspondence and in
armost sympathetic touch one with
(lothor, is, it seems to me, the practiil
relationship which should prevail
litween I1H Kllrth on :
HU v.B?u><wmvu in l
resented by the Nationul Association t
r Democratic Clubs. t
Its principles are thus formulated in f
10 2d article of its constitution : \
" The objects of this association aro i
i follows : To foster the formation of h
immanent Democratic clubs and c
>cieties throughout the United States t
nd insure their active co-operation c
i disseminating JeiTarsonian princi- 1
les of government; to preserve the c
onstitution of the United States, the t
utonomy of the States, local self- i
overnmont and freedom of elections; \
> resist revolutionary changes and i
?e centralization of power; to oppose c
iu imposition of taxes beyond the i
ueessities of government economy in
1 branches of the public service ; to
pposo unnecessary commercial ro.rictious
for the benefit of the few at
16 expense of tho many; to oppose
ass legislation, which despoils labor s
nd builds up monopoly ; to maintain <
iviolate the fundamental principle of t
emocraey, equality before tho law ;
nd to co-operate with the regular <
ganization of tho Democratic party 1
i support of Democratic men and Do- t
loorutic measures." 1
These propositions embody indis- i
utublo Democratic doctrines. They t
re, in general terms, tho faith of tho (
rnnders of tho party, and of all true c
omocrats of this, as of preceding f
onerations. That statement of them t
as noi oniy adopted by tho first na- i
onal convention of Democratic clubs (
t Baltimore in 1888, and readoptod by c
le second national convention at New c
ork in 1802, but it has been formally c
:lopted by many State Democratic t
icioties from tho Atlantic to tho \
aciflc, and by thousands of primary t
icieties, members of tho State so- \
ioties, and of tho National Associaon.
Can you suppose a more perfect
uaranteo of futuro harmony unon
)und principles than such a mighty
rothorhood of Democrats, North, I
outh, East and West, ready to en- t
niruge and defend tho party in what- (
ver section assailed V Such an organi- <
fition, holding to tho letter of tho \
onstitution and tho strict construe- j
on commandments of our fathers as i
io indispensable conditions of the <
mtinunneo of our republican institu- I
ons, would, in a vory few years, make j
lis country permanently Democratic, 1
nd, in tho meantime, it would, if ]
oneraliv adnnind ir> tin.
tates, secure thorn against tho torn- \
orary inroads of third parties pro- i
oked by momentary ills, and propos- I
lg, invariably, undemocratic and un- 1
institutional ineasuros of roliof. l
If in addition your pooplo will ro- 1
lombor that tho Democratic society j
'jus tho original organization of the ]
ntiro Dcmocftitic party ; that it was '
nly by means of the Democratic so- 1
iotios that Democrats addressed each
thor, or tho world, in the earliest i
ays of tho Republic ; that it was tho <
xpodient of Jefferson and his
ompoors; that indeed, tho popular '
lub has over been tho most ottioiont 11
ngine of popular agitation ; that the |!
undrcds of tho Democratic societios |
t the South were hoard from end to
PR(L 1894.
etui of the land in the lirst strutftfl
between the Democracy and Fedor
alistn, and that the sociotlos of Vit
oinla and South Carolina were special
Iv conspicuous In those times, whoi
the everlasting foundations of ou
deathless party were luid, they wil
accept the proposition to institub
them anew with the greater alacrity
I suggest that you consider this sub
jeet at your earliest convenience, am
that you ask in the way you deem bos
the co-operation of the Democrats o
Smith ( Vmilinu i>? 8...? ?
... w.i..M in v;iu i in it hi l MMl (M 1
system of Democratic societies,, whlcl
shall embrace every election distrie
in your State. Kach of them shouh
ho enrolled with the National Associa
tion, Lawrenco Card tier, secretary
Washington, I). and at the propoi
time you will douhtless consider i
advisable to call a State convention o
deputies from the several sooietios tc
form the Democratic Society of Soutl
Carolina.
1 remain with grout respect verj
truly yours, Chauncey F. Black.
The Hon. Wade Hampton.
iiusinicss vs. politics.
Lending Business Men of Soulli Caro
Una Tell of tlio Safety of Invest
iiientHin that State.
The Manufacturers' Koeord of Haiti
more prints a number of letters from
substantial business men of the Piedmont
section as to the ofTeet produced
by our political differences. It would
be easy to duplicate these letters in
sentiment from every section of the
State, and every one will recognize the
fact that in the transaction of business
there are no political distinctions made
nmong the people :
National Bank of Spaktanhuru,
Spartanburg, S.(April 18.
In reply to your favor of the 12th
Inst., referring to the tinaucial condition
of our DConlo. with a view t.o Li"'.
rooting erroneous impressions made
upon people outside of the State as to
Lhe safety of property and investments,
md general condition of business, I
would say that 1 believe that the enterprises
of this State are in a most nourishing
condition, as the dividends will
ihow. The farmers are well-to-do, and
ire improving yearly. The corporadons
of all kinds, as a rule, are on a
paying basis, and there is constant oncourugement
for enlargement in every
ine. If the information asked has any
connection with the recent disturbances
on account of the dispensary
aw, and the declaration of martial law
in some of the counties, I think that
Lhe statements made, from no matter
what source, together with the finding
>f the coroner's jury, all published
diroughout the country, will establish
Lhe fact that there was no insurrection,
md that there was 110 reason for the
iction of Governor Tillman. This fact
will account for the hesitation 011 the
airt of many of the military compares,
and the refusal of some to answer
die call. It was a hesitation between
nilitary duty and duty to their country.
They could not beliovo that the
rood of the State was uppermost in the
novement. 1 would not like to say
.hat it was a move 011 the political
chess-board, hut it looks that way. No
county of South Carolina has been in
1 state of insurrection, and never
will he.
Gkokoe Cofiel,d, President.
greenville, s. CM April 12.
In response to your inquiry ooneornng
the condition of our people und the
dTect of our political differences, I be#
o say that political feeling does not afoot
our business interests; wy may
rote on a different principle, but when
t conies to business we accept the
tame standard ; that there is no menuce
>r danger to property in any form. The
general condition of our peoplo is dejidedly
better than it has over been
loforo. All legitimate business properly
managed is prosperous. The hard
dines have taught our people lessons
11 economy and placed them in better
losition for future prosperity than thov
lave ever enjoyed. There is no lack
>f confidence, but on the contrary,
every one is strong and hopeful.
henry hhiqgs,
President American Bank.
Greenville, S. C., April 12.
It gives mo pleasure to state in roponso
to your letter that there is no
langor, real or imaginary, or menace
s> any property of investments in this
state. There is a divergence of views
>n local politics among our people, but
nisinoss interests are not affected by
dioao differences. While there has
icon the same stringency in the money
narkot hero as elsewhere, every legi.imato
business has been prosperous.
)ur farmers are in by far a better conlition
than over before. Our manuacturing
interests are highly prosper>us,
as is attested by their business,
lot a single one having to close down
iuring all the hard times, and by their
lividonds, not one having to pass a
lividend. Our banking is sound and
sonsorvativo. Wo will wolcomo and
lid any capital seeking legitimate inrestmont
among us, and will give thorn
ill the protection they can got anyvhoro.
Frank Hammond,
President Pfl/mln'a 11,. r.U
Greenville, S. C., April 12.
Wo thank you for the opportunity af'orded
uh to assure you and others
.hrough vou that our political differences
do not alloct our businoss interests.
There has never been a time
vhon there was any menace to or jeopardy
of private property or danger to
inj legitimate investments by reason
>f the strong factional fooling or un'riendly
legislation. Capital and labor
iro ontirely friendly and are on by far
oettor basis to continue so than in any
Northern State. Coming diroctly in
laily contact with the farmers, we are
oroparod to say that their general conlitiori
Wlia nnw.>? < '? '* 1
- .. wv uvtui nw ^UUU iV>i 11/ lrt now.
Wvory lino of manufacturing that haw
wen wisely and properly managed in
prosperous, notwithstanding a decrease
in volume of business. Our banks are
iouna and conservative, and, as thoir
published reports show, their profits
woro novcr hotter. While our people
have not and never will lond themselves
to a 41 boom," which finally hurts
inoro than it helps, they always onBourage
legitimate invostmonts, and
have always given and will always give
the sanio protection and support thoy
are willing to accept for themselves.
So far as our city is concerned, wo go
further and exempt from municipal
taxes uny manufacturing intorost for u
f
0 period of ton yours whoso investment
- amounts to #1000. As wo hud th<
- money in the bunk for that purpose,
I- wo have untlciputed the interest or;
n our olty improvement bonds, due in
r duly, and have ordered the sumo paid
1 now upon domand. Our pooplo are
o strong, self-reliunt and full of oonfl.
donee in their own ability and rysour
i- uu? ui uiL'ir country,
l JamksT. Williams,
t Mayor of tho'Clty of Groouvillo.
f W. C. Cleveland,
v Chairman Kin unco Committee.
1 Notk.?Mr. William* is the senior
1 member and manager of the firm of
' .lames T. Williams it Co., wholesale
dealers in hardware. Sir. VV. C.
< Cleveland is the largest individual taxr
payer in the county of (froenvillu, and
does a private banking business. His
f investments are in every kind of prop'
orty from large landed estates to gov1
eminent bonds.
r l'out Royal it WkstkunCa. Ry. Co.
Augusta it Knoy villi-: RailhoadCo.
Sl'AUTANUUItO, S. C., April l!i.
In my opinion there is no reason
whatever to mistrust the condition of
affairs in this State. Life and prop.
orty are just as safe and secure here as
anywhere. The recent whiskey war,
which was purely local, has domou
stratod the power of the State governi
mont to preserve peace. Piedmont
Carolina is the most favored section of
I the Union. All our factories'are runI
ning on full time, and several now coti
ton mills are being built. The opera
tives all seem contented and happy,
! and the skies are just as bright as
i ever. 1 know of nothing either on the
i surface or under it that is calculated
to interfere with the progress of our
people in every line of industry, agricultural
or manufactory. We have
prospered during the last ten years,
and every indication points to increased
prosperity. Our towns and ^cities
are grow'ng ; our manufactories are
> being enlarged, and our farms and
farmers are in a better condition
than ever heretofore. Our banks seem
io navo uii abundance ol money, and
what is needed from abroad is readily
obtained in Now York with local stocks
as collateral. South Carolina is not
as much disturbed as other States,
where the military are so often called
upon to suppress strikes. Our people
are peaceful, law-abiding and seem to
be perfectly satisfied, conditions which,
all united, 1 do not believe you can find
today in any other section, certainly
not in the congested centres of population.
John 11. Cl.kvul.anu, Receiver.
0KEKNV1L.L.E, S. C., April 12.
(u response to your letter I bog to
say that our business has increased
near 2d per cent, this season over that
of last, which amounts to nearly $10,000
increase. We sell to both dealers
and also farmers direct, and are thus
brought in direct relations with farmers,
merchants and bankers throughout
upper Carolina. Outside of the general
depression felt all over the country,
wo consider the general condition
excellent. Whatever may be the effect
of our political differences on those
outside the State, they have no influence
on our trade. I am sure no section
of the country has a better basis for
full and complete prosperity than this
section.
f\ I ? Vf . r r c
President Grconvillo fertilizer Co.
In responso to your inquiry concerning
the condition of our people financially,
1 beg to assure you that wo are
all right. 1 do not consider any legitimate
investment in this section as endangered
by reason of the wide divergence
of political views of our people.
All well-managed business has produced
substantial returns. Wo aro
quite satisfied with the returns from
our business. Our pooplo will gladly
encourage and accord protection to all
legitimate enterprises.
Li. A. Norwood.
? -?? ?
? More than six times as many pooplo
now speak the Knglish language as
did ninety years ago. In the year 1800
the number was 20,500,000, now it is
nearly 120,000,000. In the same period
the number speaking Portuguese
has increase from 7,480,000 to 12,810,000;
Italian speaking pooplo have increased
from 15,074,100 to 25,873,000;
the Spanish-speaking from 20,104,000
to 40,855,000; the French from 31,448,000
to 50,818,000; the German from 30,318,000
to 70.820,000 ; and the Russian
from 30.770,000 to 70.725,000. (July
two of those si^x aro rivals to the Knglish
language, viz.: the Gorman and
the Russian, have during the century
grown in popular use at a rate as high
as one hundred per cont.; while English
has increased more than six hundred
per cent. Will Knglish bo the
universal language? It is distinctly
the Protestant tongue, and the language
of free institution and reprosonta
nvo government.
?The continued use of alcohol, nay*
The Brooklyn Medical Journal, produces
insanity by getting up a subjective
morbid condition of the nervous
system, which misleads the mind and
conduct. It is needloss to add thut
after an inebriate is cured ho must
avoid his old environment of the saloon
and bo a total abstainer. If ho entertains
the delusive idea that he can
stay in his old environment and drink
beer, ales and light wines in moderation
with impunity, he will have a relapse
of his disease of dipsomania.
Those who honestly desire to 1x3 cured
are thoso who co-operate with tho
physician in his endeavor to cure them
and choose a new environment. Those
who are half-hoartod ah<?n*. it n?t....r.
to the old environment and relapse.
?The noeessity for a variety of food
lor chickens is genorally understood,
but very few people are aware of the
i value of sunflowers as hen food. They
i are very productive of oil, aro eaten
i greedily and gave a pocular lustre to
i the feathers. I have one-eighUi of an
aero planted in this crop, writes a
t Western farmer, and proposo to bind
i them into bundles and stow them away
for wintor use. The heads can be
i thrown into the hen house, whero the
chiokons will soon pick out the seeds,
thus giving them exorcise as woll as
variety. With plonty of other grain
within reach they will oat uo more sunflower
seed than are beneficial to them.
I think a great plot of sunflowors, with
i 'their great yellow faces turnod to the'
J sun, an agreeable sight.
???_
. NO 41.
t THK COMING CAMPAIGN.
?
ArrniiKOtnonlN lor the Candidate# to
( Pome Before the People?K* tracts
from the Count It ullou of the Democrat
le Party.
I Tho politicians aro looking forward
to tho opening of tho campaign in this
State, and as many persons aro not
familiar with tho constitution of tho
Democratic oarty, wo append such
portions of the.amended constitution
us will have a bearing upon tho conduct
of tho campaign :
A I..I" \r / ?? - - '
...v.viu t , v,uuiiij ueinocrauc conventions
slmll bo composed of delegates
elected by the several local clubs, ono
delegate for every twenty-live voters,
as shown by the poll list made ut the
preceding lirst primary election, atul
one delegate f?>r a majority fraction
thereof, with the right to each county
convention to enlarge or diminish the
representation according to ciieumstances.
The county conventions shall
bo called together by the chairman of
the respective executive committees
under such rule, not inconsistent with
the constitution nor with the rules
adopted by the State Democratic Kxecutlvo
Committee, as each county
may adopt, and when assembled shall
bo called to order by the chairman of
the executive committee, and the convention
shall proceed to nominate and
elect from among its members a president,
one or more vice presidents, a *
secretary and a treasurer. The clubs
recognized by the respective county
conventions which sent delegates to
the State convention which met on
August Id, 1KU0, shall be recognized as
the only legal clubs : l'rovided, howover,
rhat any county convention
may permit the formation of a now
club or clubs by a majority vote
of its mnmhnra i 1...1 f,
- t w* I\?VU) 1UI VIIQI I
That in all cities with a population of
5,000 and over there may l>o two elul^s
in each ward ; they shull ho orgunizod
in obedience to tills constitution, 'us
are tlio clubs elsewhere in this State,
and in organizing said clubs they shall
have representation in the county conventions,
respectively, us said conventions
shall declare in accordance
with the provisons of this constitution.
Art. VI. The nominating convention
for the nomination of Governor,
Lieutenant Governor and other State
olllcers, in 18P2 and thereafter, and for
electors for President and Vice President
in the sumo year and every I'residential
year hereafter, shall he composed
of delegates from each county,
double the number to which such
county is entitled in both branches of
the General Assembly. Said delegates
aro to be chosen by primary eloctions
to be held 011 the last 'i uesday in
August of each election year:' the
delegates elected to receive a majority
of tho votes cast. At the election only
white Democrats shall be allowed to
vote, except that negroes who voted
for General Hampton in 187(1 and who
have voted tho Democratic ticket contiuously
since may be allowed to vote.
Tho club rolls of tho party shall constitute
tho registry list and shall bo
open to inspection by any member of
the party, and tho election under this
clause shull be hold and regulated
under tho Act of tho General Assembly
of this State, approved December
22, 1888, and any subsequent Acts of
tho Legislature of this State. Second
primaries when necessary shall bo held
two weeks later.
Art. VIII. Tho State Executive
Committee nl?nll b?. ../wn..1 *./
w wu?|/uoyu U l UUU
member from each county, to be
elected by the convention. If any
vacancy occur on the State ticket or
for electors, by death, removal or other
cause, the committee shall have the
powor to liH the vacancy by a majority
vote of the whole committee.
Art. IX. When the State convention
assembles it sball be called to
order by the chairman of the State
Executive Committee. A temporary
president shall be nominated and
elected by the respective delegations
and elected by the convention and after
its organisation the convention shall
proceed immediately to tho election
I of permanent officers and to tho transaction
of business. When the business
has concluded it shall adjourn
| sine dio.
Art. X. Thoro shall bo a primary
election in each Congressional District
in this State on the last Tuesday in
August, 1892, and every two year*
thereafter, to nominate candidates for
Congress, to bo conducted and managed
as is horeinboforo provided in tho
election of dologates to tho State con- *
vention. Tho vote to be received,
tabulated and announced by the State
Executive Committee, to tho chairman
of which tho result is to bo transmitted
by the respective county chairj
men by tho first Tuesday in September,
1892, and every two years thereafter.
Tho election for Solicitors of
tho different Circuits shall be by
primary, subject to tho sumo rules and
regulations, and to ho announced in
tho samo way as before set forth for
Congressmen.
Art XI. before tho election in
I 1892, and each election year therej
after, tho State Democratic Executive
Committee shall issuo a call to all
candidates for State offices to address
tho people of the different counties oi
the State, fixing tho date of tho moot*
ings, and also inviting tho candidates
for Congress, United States Senate,
delegates to tho Stato convention, and
for Solicitor, in thoir rospoctivo Districts
and Circuits, to bo present and
address tho people. At such meetings
only the candidates above sot
forth shall be allowed to speak.
Art. XII. It shall be tho duty of
each county executive committee t<?
appoint meetings in thoir respective
counties to be addressed by the candidates
for the General Assembly
and for the difToreut county offices,
all of whom, excepting Trial Justices
and Masters, shall be elected by
primary on the last Tuesday in August
of oach oloction year under the same
rules and regulations hereinbefore provided.
?Comptroller-General Kllorbe reports
that the t-jtate tax levy for the
four years under Tillman is less on
the averago than the four years of
Richardson.
?Rev. A. J? Stokes has accepted an
invitation to preach the annual sermon
at the commencement of the Williamston
Female College in Juno next.
?Anothor earthquake shock was fell
Ion the 13th at Summervi le. The
roaring and subterranean noises was
as great as the big shock of 1880.
m \
^ e