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CHERAW GAZETTE. * I ????? ?^i^??? ? m. macleax, editor & proprietor. CHERAW, S. C., TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 20, 1836. vol. i. no. 45. G. H. TAYLOR, PRINTER. Published every Tuesday. T E K "?I S. If paid within three months, ... '3. 00 11 paid withinthree months after the close ol the year, 3. 50 I not paid within that time, - - - - 4. 00 A company of six persons taking the paper at the same Post Office, shall l?e entitled to it at $15, paid in advance, and a company of ten persons at $*20 ; provided the names be forwarded together, accompanied bv the money. No paper to be discontinued but at the option of the Editor till arrearages are paid. Advertisements inserted for 75 cents per square tho tirst time, and 37$ for each subsequent insertion. Persons sendimr in advertisements an? request. -j *i.a nt"times tliev are to be f'U lu m*> ? inserted; otherwise thev will be continued till ordered out. and charged accordingly. JjJThe Postage must be paid on all connnunications sent by mail. KIKAL E(0.\01IY. From tkc (Itnnetsce Farmer. PLOUGHING IN STRAW. Straw ihat has become fully ripe, contains bu> a very small portion of soluble matter, the remainder being insoluble fiber, which, except under particular circumstances, is not decomposed in the soil, under several years. For this reason it affords very little nutriment to growing plants, when ploughed under before it has undergone decomposition. Instead, therefore, of adopting the practice, which is now becoming so prevalent, of ploughing in straw in the early part of autumn, wewould recommend that it be kept over winter for the purpose of preserving the soluble juices of barn yard manure. Straw is always needed in waiter as Dens lor domestic animals, contributing much to i heir health and cleanliness, and consequently to the profits of the farmer; and where it is to be had in large quantities, and is not needed for fodder, it should housed plentifully as litter for them, it will thus act as a sjxjnge, and retain the richest ;uid most easily dissipated portions of the manure, which generally run off in a liquid state in a black rivulet from the foot of the mass, and are either wholly evaporated or lost in the ground. The manure would in turn assist in the decomposition of the straw, breaking up its dry and hardened fiber and reducing ? ? I 1:?i .1.^ it to a state in to ue appueu tu mu ova* On light and porous soils, unfcrinontcd straw should never be ploughed under, tiie benefit in such cases being very trifling, if any at all; but in hard and clayey grounds, considerable advantage is sometimes derived from the practice, by its rendering the soil less compact and more permeable by air and water. The above remarks are intended to apply to straw and ail s'alks of plants which have become fully ripe. Jf they are used while in a green state, and slightly fermented in a heap, they will furnish twenty times the amount of nutriment to growing plants, that dry straw does. Succulent plants may be even turned under fresh, and they will be readily decomposed in the soil. Ilencegreen crops of clover are ploughed in to great advantage.?Ibid. IMPROVEMENT. Farmers should aim at constantly improving the soii of their farms?they should study the existing defects, and endeavor, as fast as circumstances wilt permit, to remedy them ;?if their land is too wet, they should drain it,?if too stitFand clayey, they should apply loosening m mures,?if light and sterile, they should make use of green crops of clover as manure, with plaster, and lime,? if sour, (generally indicated by the growth of sorrel, broom grass, or scrub pines,) they should apply lime or marl;?and in all cases they should apply all the enriching manure they can possibly obtain, for good farming, and the application of manure, are inseparable. They will thus not only increase their capital by the increased pro1 ? ^ ?'ao ? Kut thmr it*111 <1UCIS OI UltJll larms cvcij> jcai|uui un.j ???i. do it by the constantly augmenting vaU.e of their land ; their profits will be two-fold, and iu their increase mutually accelerate each other.?Ibid. ASHES AS MANURE FOR GRASSLANDS. There is scarcely any part of the country, where leached ashes cannot be obtained in greater or less quantity ; and in the vicinity of asheries, abundance may generally be had with no other expense than drawing. If the following remarks by Count Chaptai are applicable to soils of whatever materials they may be composed, a knowledge of this property of leached ashes, would in many instances be of very great value. At all events, the experiment is easily perform ed oq a moderate scale. "The ashes, produced by the combustion of wood in our common domestic fires, give rise to some very remarkable results.? Without being leached these ashes are much too active, but after having been deprived, by the action of water, of nearly all their salts, and employed in this state, under the name of buck-dshcsy they still produce great effect. "The action of the buck-ashes is most powerful upon moist lands and meadowsy in which thev not only facilitate the growth of useful plants, but if employed constantly for several years, they will free the soil from iceeds. By the use of them, land constantly drenched With water may be freed from rushes, and prepared for yielding clover and other plants of good kinds." It has been frequently supposed that ashrs applied to wet heavy soils is injurious. This is probably owing to the application being too uneven, and in large quantities, aud to the want of mixing them intimately with the soil. Chaptal says, "Wood ashes possess the double property of amending a wet and clayey soil bv dividing and drying it, and of promoting vegetation by the salts they contain.'* It is well known, that the evenly spread and intimately intermixed lu^er of ashes which soils receive by burning the turf, produces extraordinary effects upon grass lands. From the Farmer and Gardener. A NEW BREED OF SHEEP. The subjoined advertisement was cut out of the Hampshire Chronicle, an English pa. per, of the 20th of May last, and sent to us by a friend for publication. We thank him ! for his polite attention, and insert it with j pleasure. The information it contains we I know will be gratefully received by our readj ers, as it will give probably the first notice ! of a very superior new breed of sheep, that has appeared in our country. TO SHEEP BREEDERS. 4 0:17 r. ? Jl Ux J*'I M /ryjfUKt. One hundred half-breed Co'swold and Down Tegs, bred by myself and brother, and fed bv Mr. Cannon, Maidennead, Berks, shorn on the loth of March last, then 13 1-& months old. produced, on an average, nine poundsof wool each. Ten were immedi-! atcly sold at Cos. ten at 62s. and the last 20 culls of the hundred, at 53s. each, out of ' their wool, for which 2s. per lb. has been 1 refused. Calculating the wool at this price, the 100 fegs have produced 400/. or 4/. per head. I seek in vain for a parallel in the piesen\ or a reward of a similar price in any past age, Peel's Bill or 12s. 6d. notes turned into 20s. gold pieces, notwithstanding. The eight half-bred Tegas 1 exhibited at Bomsey produced 80 1-4 lbs.of wool; over 10 bs. each. The two years old ram (half-breed) l-"? 1.0 lbs. clean and well wash, ed?all of which may be seen. On 770 acres of arable and meadow land we keep G20 breeding ewes and 220 fegs, ! being TO over a sheep to an acre, always at fold, and always at home. Can our crack J) )wn Breeders declare to the latter point with a like number in proportion to across? ; Five years impartial trial of this cross emboldens me to declare myself open to the world, to match it against any other breed, taking as the criterion of inerit, the combiI , nation of those rare but grand desiderata, ! weight and value of fleece, symmetry of o * . carcase, quality of mutton, capacity for J aiding. with aptitude to fatten and arrive at maturity. I am. &c.. J. T. TWYMAM. Whitchurch Farm, Hunts, il/hy, 1S3G. .Air. Twynam in a letter remarks, that these Sheep are a Xcic Breed of his own fancy?and have been produced by crossing the Hampshire Down, with the New Leceis. tcr?and whose equal he has two successive years challenged the World to produce. M. Goold, New-York. SALE OF A CROP OF LAST TEAR?S WHEAT. Baptist Mczichr, Esq., sold we learn, on Thursday last, his entire crop of wheat J grown in 1S;3.">, at his beautiful estate about ! twenty miles from Baltimore, on the Chesa| peake, for $2,40 for white, and 2,20 for red. ; per bushel. These are fine prices, and will remunerate this gentleman well for its cultivation, and the interest of the money while he kept it on hand ; but high as they evidently are for wheat, we do not bolieve that it has yet reached its maximum price:? and, indeed, unless we should have liberal importations from across the ocean, it will be a diffident task to say what price it may not reach before the harvesting of the next year's crop.?Ibid. From the Southern Planter. TURKISH PREPARATION' OF TOMATO. Sik :?In one of vour late numbers I ob 1 c .r _ I-.. ? scrvcu a nonce oi uie lumuiu, uy uuv wuu appears to appreciate the vegetable at its just value. Without, however, agreeing with your correspondent in all its claims to excellence as an important article of the Materia Medica, I conceive we have nothing to equal it in giving pungency and flavor to our commonest dishes. It is great desideratum to have it at all seasons of the year, and some of your readers will doubtless feel obliged by learning bow to obtain it in a simple, easy, and economical manner. In Turkey, it is a universal favorite, and enters into the composition of all their sauces. I frequently saw it made, and the following recipe may be depended on, as it was corrected under the eye of the good-house-wife herself. The tomatoes are first washed in a weak "i>'l liivirr nri hi o nln/io In rtraiM injn*. u.j'j iiuu^ uj/ iii u vuvi kv uiuui 1 u il the following day; then squeeze them thoroughly by hand, throwing away skins. The pulpy mass is strained through a fine cloth to prevent the seeds from passing through, it is then salted; put into shallow carthern dishes and exposed to the sun for 12 days, or until it becomes thick paste. It should he stirred with a wooden spoon twice a day while exposed to the sun. It is then fit for use. With respect to the quantity to be added to the paste, the rule is to put a handful and a half to the pulp of a hundred tomatoes, il'large, and less if small. Those who prepare Tomatoes in this way will be surprised at the small quantity obtained ; but their surprise will cease when they learn how far it will go. A hit not lar: ger than a Lima bean will be sufficient to flavor the soup of a family of 20 persons; and a much smaller quantity for sauces. A small pot which I brought with me, containing about half a pint, lasted my family more than a year, and we used it very freely, i l>v stirring it frequently, fresh portions , are exposed to the sun, and the salt is more thoroughly incorporated with it. The rule of 12 days holds good at Constantinople, and I think would be sufficient here. At any rate, it should be thoroughly dried, covering it over or night, it becomes of the "oc^s'rr'CiC rf hard h ,Mrr- ? I have planted a large quantity of tomatoes, and shall make the sauce according to sot the above recipe. Should an opportunity Ho present I will forward a small specimen in get in order that you may knowingly recom- an: mend it to your readers. wo Yours, truly. D. be< of TOMATO CATSUP. cn* Ingredients. Quantity. cat Tomatoes, J peck, str Salt, a common tea-cup full, bin Vinegar, h pint: strong, an( Cloves, } a table-spoon full of r t Alspico, V . * M Hlack-Pcpper, j k H Cinnamon, 7 or 8 sticks, 6 in. long. un< *i t .tt . i dot ?>nce una Don me vegei notes?puss me ? mass through a seive?boil all the above to- w a get her thoroughly?let the catsup stand until cool?then stir and bottle it. j ! The sauce when well prepared and bot- j })01 tied, may be preserved in good condition j *e] two or three years. i nu From the Northampton Mass. Courier, Aug. 24. j ^e< Chinese Mulberry.?Although defoliation I might injure or destroy some trees and veg-' . etablcs, the leaves being to the vegetable . 1S.| what lungs and stomach are to animal life, j it does not follow that all trees and vegc-1 ? tables sutler alike by defoliation. The | *ei grasses, the box, the willow, and some oth-' ers, may be cur, headed down, or the leaves i nlucked. almost for an indefinite period, with- t!lr I ' f out effecting destruction. Do not old pas- j ll.? tures produce better and sweeter grasses by j frequent cropping, than when first laid down ? *n< Shall it then be thought wonderful that the "n Chinese Morus Multicaulis will bear defoliation several times during the same sea ???n son ? From experiments already made, it j va appears that this valuable plant has been as plucked of its leaves for feeding worms, , * lop not less than four or five times, without any injury to its growth?but the leading shoots must not be topped?and every successive 0 crop of leaves are improved in number and bP' weight. At the same time the wood is ac de quiring hardness for future use. If the ob- sta iftpf he the formation of wood, then take oft* e'n the leading end of the-tree or shoot. Anoth- J'" er excellency of the of the Chinese mulber- "5 ry is the richness of its leaffor feeding worms; . while 100 pounds of white mulberry leaves nis are required to feed worms sufficient to sl* make one bushel of cocoons, 75 to 80 of the * Morus Multicaulis will do the same thing; and while it is a full day's work to pick 100 lbs. of white mulberry leaves?with the same labor 500 lbs. of the Morus Multicaulis i |jlr might be collected. And while it is gene-; rally allowed that it requires about 5000 j P*1 worms fed on white mulberry to make one J bushel of cocoons, the same quantity of co- r?' coons have the present year been made with 2000 worms fed with the Cinese mulberrv. P? ins Mr. Abel William, of Ashficld, has in- cc vented a machine which he calls the Potato at< Cutter, by which, in three minutes time, a wc bushel of potatoes, turnips, apples, pump- w* kins, and other fruit, may be cut sufficiently Ij" fine for sheep, cows, and other cattle. The e price of the machine is from ?2 to 2,50. It may be seen a the Cattle Show, Oct. 12th, lvl 18:io, in this town. We hope some of our I)0 mechanics will invent a simple cheap ma- ?l1 chine for rasping beets, applicable to family use, as we are satisfied it can be done.? Farmer and Gardener. m< las on From the Pastor's Journal. Wi A TALK OF RUM AND RUIN. m< Mr. , was the only child of his r' parents.?He was the pride of his father, and idol of his mother. He possessed an amia (ra ble disposition, and was uncommonly kind ?l in his feelings. To her fondness, his mother united excessive indulgence; so much so, j. that she could not find it in her heart to deny him any request. Nothing marked his early years, hut in 1822, when at the age of 13 or 10, he became convinced that his amiable disposition and kind deportment would not secure him the favour of God, and it was wi hoped he then applied for pardon to the an blood of Christ. Soon after he united with to the church in his native place, and erected inj an altar where morning and evening, he met ev his parents, and offered up their family sac- th< * ^ * y-w 1 1 1 . V .1. * , ritict; to Ltoci. u wnat a loveiy sigiu was mi here ! a dear and only son, asking spiritual the blessings on those who lavished on him all an their temporal comforts ! But while enjoy- at ing this almost heavenly happiness, motives qu unknown to the writer, induced the parents frc to exchange their peaceful residence, for the J a noise and bustle of a country tavern. lie toi had not been long in his new abode, before pu a lady, whose heavenly hopes corresponded str with his, came to the village on a visit to her ha friends, with whom he formed a marriage connexion. He carried her to the home of wr his parents; and where could he find more ed promise of domestic enjoyment? They cri were devoted to his happiness, and he to yo tiieir's, and as he was sole heir to their com- on potency, his prospects were flattering for his "1< rising family. { i Although the religious exercises of the ar family had tenderly affected the hearts of sir the parents, yet they thought best to dispense oh with these in the tavern, as they might be sp an interruption to travellers, and soon, both nv with the father and son, the first morning ha oblation was at the shrine of Bacchus !?It nr was not long before the youth began Jre- by qwntly to sip at the intoxicating cup, and wi soon his downward course began to be visi- rrr bio. He was not seen in the place where ed prayer was wont to be made, and his voice, ev instead of ascending in the application to his God, was heard only in the drunkards revcliings, and shocking to relate, in blaspheming that name he had once worshipped. ni< I'lv Sabbath was no longer a delight, nor ha Mho ;,oiy niar?of Herd honorable.' nv It was a long time before either father or f 1 would drink in each other's presence, v rh seemed to think the other was in dan- t; , and the father particularly discovered xiety about the habits of the son. It o uld seem that the mother should have c :*n first to take alarm at this indulgence v his appetite, and bv a mother's tears and 5 rcaties, which no uncommon hardihood ii 1 resist, prevent his untimely ruin. But tl unge as it may seem, she could not deny n fi, even the poison that would destroy him, ti 1 furnished the intoxicating beverage, ti m when the judgment of the intemperate v her would have deprived him of if. tl cannot be supposed that the church were c concerned spectators of the melancholy f< ection of this youth. Private Christians tl rned him ; committees were appointed to n iverse with, and try to reclaim him, and p ir every other means failed, the steps 1 inted out in the Gospel were regularly ta- a a ; and he was separated from their com- q inion. f Peace and quietness had, long before this, v d irom his abode, and unkindness fell r m those lips, which once were never open- a but to give pleasure to those around. It ' not my purpose, however, to reveal in de- s I the domestic misery of that family cir- t or speak of the anguish arising from bro- c ri vows and congugal unkindness. These 3 known to the family of the intemperate, i thout description, and the most lively pic- 'f e cannot portray thein to the imagina- !( ii of other*. Suffice it to say, that after * ; or seven years, she returned, to her 1 jnds, the mother of two promising chil-11 ;n, and the neglected wife of a drunkard, j As is usual in such cases, every restraint j it was removed, opened wider the path, j ty to ruin, and all looked upon him now j lost. A few months before his death, a travel, took lodgings at his father's and with his reshment, ordered a glass of cold water, inc conversation followed, in which he 3ke of the length of time that he had thus nicd himself, and the importance of abtining from all that can intoxicate. This ' Hphncfvl VAiitli. nnrl mllpd fnrth * lU^VU k?#V ' WHJl V...M ..vv% >v. ... * I ) most horrid imprecations, and he swore J that God whom he once professed to * 'c, that while he lived, that bar should fur- I ih him with rurri!?This almost prophetic ^ seeh was remembered when he died, as i day of his death was to have deprived . n of the products of that bar, by the remo- ; I of his parents to another residence. ] During the winter of 1335?0, he gave , nselfup more completely to revelry and ' ankenness, andfhis parents, in order to ve, if possible, this wreck of all their earth- ( hopes, sold their tavern, and resolved to ^ nove from the public use ot that, which jv could not even now deny their son. , iring the week previous to the time ap- , intcd for their removal, ardent spirit was ; constant coninanion. and the niirht pre- , i ' c-> # 1 % I 1 cling the Sabbath, this demon had inl'uri-j ;d him beyond control.?In this state he i} ;nt to his mother, that mother who had ( itched over him in infancy, and who had J ver denied him aught he asked of her, and . manded lor supper, a choice dish which | e had reserved for travellers. His mother j monstruted with him, told him of tiie im- | ssibilitv of procuring more, &c., but this ( ly increased his rage, and he swore by ; ery thing sacred, that lie would have it if j went to hollas a recompense!! His , jther served up the meat, and it was the , it he ate on earth. He was taken seri. j sly ill soon after eating, but supposing it ( is the effect of his beasily indulgence, no , edical aid was called until Monday night. , 5 he had abused his reason when in health, was not now granted him, and on Wed- ( sday, his soul returned unto God who ] ve it# * * * * * The ground is yet fresh on the grave that , :eived him, and a voice comes from it, . lich distinctly says, "Let him that thiuketh j standelh, take heed lest he fall." May, 183G. . *' i CURE FOR A PASSIONATE TEMPER. 1 A merchant in London having a dispute th a quaker, respecting the settlement of account, the merchant was determined 1 bring this question into court, a proceed. ' I the Quaker earnestly deprecated, using ( ery argument in his power to convince 1 j merchant of error; but the latter was lexiblc.. Desirous to make his last effort, j i Quaker called at his house one morning d inquired of the servant if his master was | home. The merchhnt hearing the inirv, and knowing the voice, called aloud >m the top of the stairs, lTeil that rascal ' im not at home." The quakerlooking up ,vards him calmly said, "Well friend, God t thee in a better mind."?The merchant, uck with the meekness of the reply, and ving more deliberately investigated the itter, became convinced that the Quaker < is right and he was wrong, fie request- ; to sec him and after acknowledging his j ror ho said, "I have one question to ask 11 u?how were you able, with such patience < various occasions, to hear my abuse?" 'riend," replied the Quaker, I will toll thee: i vas. naturally as hot and violent as thou I t. 1 knew that to indulge this temper was < i, and I found that if was imprudent. I < served that men in a passion always 1 oak aloud ; and 1 thought if I could control ; y voice, I should suppres my passion. I i ve therefore made it a rule never to suffer i y voice to rise above a certain key; and \ a careful observance of this rule, I have, ; th the blessing of (rod, entirely mastered i y natural temper."?The Quaker reason, j Piiilanthropically, and the merchant, as cry one else may do, was benefitted by i example. Preservation of Animal Matter.*? At a meting of the Asiatic Society, a human nd, and a piece of beef, preserved by i :ar.s of a preparation of vegctab'e to**, I? Dund on the borders of the Red Sea, in the w icinity of Mocha, and a specimen of the tl ar, wore presented by Lieut. Col. Hdgnold. b ?In an accompanying letter, Col. Hagnold w bserved : "During my residence, as politi- 1 al agent, on the Red Sea, a conversation s< /ith some Bedonia Arabs, in the vicinity of o locha, led me to suspect that the principal e igredient used bv the ancient Egyptians in w ie formation of mummies, was nothing p< (lore than the vegetable tar of those coun- ci ries called by the Arabs Ivatran. My lirst S rials were on fowls and legs of mutton ; and ei ^iiich, though in the month of July, and the P icrmometer ranging 4U in the shade, sue- g eeded so much to my satisfaction, that I b irwarded some to England ; and have now fc tie pleasure to send for the Society's infornation and inspection, a human hand, preared four years since by my brother Capf. . fhomas Bagnold. The best informed monor tht;native Arabs think that lartre P [uanmies of camphur, myrrh, alces, and D rank incense were used ; these specimens ^ will however, prove that such were by no r neans necessary, as the tar, when applied ^ ilone penetrates and discolors the bone. V far is obtained from the branches of a 1 mall tree or shrub, exposed to a considera>le degree of neat, and found in most parts \ >fSyria and Arabia Felix." si Iodine in Consumption.?The external ipplication of iodine to the chest is a mode >f employing it, at an early stage of coniumption, which I consider at once safe tnd eflicacious. When an ointment pre. >ared by mixing together two parts of hy. Iriodate of potash, one part of iodine, and en or twelve oarts of ointment, is applied to he surface of the chest, especially over the )art corresponding to that which is diseas)d of one or more lungs, in such quantities o give rise to a considerable degree of cutaneous inflammation, it will mostly be bund to produce a great improvement in he state of the affected portion or portions )f the Jung or lungs, provided its use be continued for a sufficient length of time. I g lave repeatedly found, after the continued t application of Iodine ointment to the chest r br some months, that the general local f symptoms, and all the physical signs of the t presence of tubercular formation of the \ ungs, were completely removed. 1 Dr. Little on the Con. \ . t From Martin's History of the British Colonies.] ( Magnanimity and gratitude of a Lion.? Prince, a tame lion, on board his majesty's ship Ariadne, had a keeper to whom he J was much attached; the keeper got drunk t one day, and, as the captain never forgave ^ ? a 1 1 /% Ka trie crime, me Keeper nua uiuutu iu uc ^ (logged; the grating was rigged on the main , deck, opposite Prince's den, a large barred j up place, the pillars strong and cased with < iron. When the keeper began to strip, J Prince rose gloomly from his couch, and ^ ^ot as near to his friend as possible; on be- * holding his bar back, he walked hastily round the den, and when lie saw the boatswain inflict the lirst lash, his eyes sparkled \ with fire, and sides resounded with the strong ^ md quick fto"' from the unfortunate man's t iiack and the clotted cats jerked their gory < knots close to the lion's den his fury became | tremendous, he roared with a voice of thun- j Jer, shook the strong bars of his prison, as j if they had been osiers, and finding his cf- ( forts to break loose unavailing, he rolled j and shrieked in a manner the most terrific , that it is possible to conceive. The captain ?Uo. l.a rw-kirrlit Krnnlr lonee ho order. luaiU!q niai lit IIII^KV :d the marines to load and present at Prince this threat redoubled his rage, and at last the captain desired the keeper to be cast off | and go into his friend. It is impossible to i describe the jov evinced by the lion: he < licked with care the mangled and bleeding 1 back of the cruelly treated seaman, cales- 1 sed him with his paws, which he folded round the keeper as if to defy any one re- J newing a similar treatment, and it was only 1 after several hours that Prince would allow 1 the keeper to quit his protection and return '> among those who had so ill used hirn. I The editor of a West Indian paper called 1 the Bermudiari, expresses not a little sur- | prise at the liberality of the American Goveminent, in providing for the distribution of i the surplous revenue among the States. < lie savs.?" We believe it is a singular in- i J o stance for a Government to acknowledge it has more money than it rightfully can dis- i pose of, and an extraordinary state of things when that power which is generally viewed ' ? nCtUn rvinono nf thp [IS Qfl e.xiuriiuwcr ui mc liigau^ wi uiv vuuiitry, should be seen pouring back on the People its stores of treasure to be disposed of by them as they should seem fit." St. Louis (Mo.) Aug 20. The effects of the Treasury Circular are beginning to be seen. Specie has almost entirely disappeared from circulation; and as for gold, but precious little of it has ever glistened in this part of the country, although we were promised floods of it two 1 or three years since. The Jacksonville Patriot says: "In this place you cannot now obtain specie for a five dollar bill." The paper circulation is becoming dailv more depreciated, and general resort must be had, by our merchants and business men generally, to a system of shaving. They will be doing injustice to themselves, should they continue to sell their goods at fair prices?receive uncurrent and depreciated paper at par in payment? and then pass it over to the broker at a discount of three, five, and ten per cent., for gold silver, or such money as will be received at the desk of the bank.?Repub. The Corn Trade.?Bread-stuffs have hitherto constituted one of our principal articles of export, amounting in 1831 to within a small fraction of 812,000,000. In 1835, (we speak, in both cases, of the commercial year, ending 3Sth ^p'embor,) the quantity * ras reduced one-half, and the value in about le same proportion. In 1 S32, the value readestuffs imported was only #1,032, 'hereasin 1835 it had increased to $311,16. The year ending the 30th of the prejnt month will show still smaller exports f these articles, and larger imports; and the nsuing year, from present appearances, ill very possibly show an amount of imorts equal to the exports. Should the orn crop be cut off in the northernmost tates, as it is now very liable to be, by the I nrly appearance of frost, the extraordinary henomenon will probably occur, of the -4 reatest grain-growing country in the world ccoming dependent upon foreign countries >r a portion of its bread! Jtrurnal of Commerce. Anthracite Coal.?Weofion hear of le progress of steam, the progress of imrovenient, the progress of the age, &c. ut the progress of coal in this country is :arccly less remarkable, as will be seen om 'he annexed schedule, derived from a tore particular statement in the Philadelphia i 1 r i ? n Tu OinniLTCKil ijisi auu r ncc v^uncm. j. hu ret column of tons shows the whole quantiir in the Philadelphia market from year to car, the quantity remained on hand?at the lose of each year being included in the took of the year next succeeding. Year. Tons in m'kt. Sold. Remaining. 1820 364 364 none. 1821 1,073 1,073 none. 1822 2,440 - little. 1823 5,823 - do. 1824 9,541 - do. 1825 35,536 35,536 none. 1826 47,545 42,546 5,000 1827 68,365 60,355 8,000 1828 90,302 72^02 12,000 lftOQ lOfVsi^ 107.815 18.000 1830 192,934 192,934 40,000 1831 214,971 214,971 none. 1832 304,051 294,051 70,000 1833 560,000 425,000 135,000 1834 514,936 394,936 120,000 1835 080,750 077,435 none. Some attempt has been made lately to ;et up a panic in regard to the supplies of he present year; but the writer in the Comnercial List assures us that it is without oundation. To the same effect is the tes. imony of the Miners' Journal at Pottsville, vhich states that a greater quantity, by at east 75,000 tons, has been or will be for. varded from that vicinity to Philadelphia his year than last. Nevertheless the price >f the article is uncommonly high, resulting jurtly from thei ncreased price of labor, and >artly perhaps from other circumstances, t is, however, som^ consolation to know hat we are not likely to be frozen out, as veil as starved out, the coming winter, hough, truth, at the prices which almost all irticles relating to the sustenance and combrt of the body command, we do not well >ee how people in moderate circumstances iviil be able to make the two ends of tlie rear meet.?N. Y. Journal of Commerce. From the National Intelligencer The following sensible and timely cauion against excessive speculations in Lands 1 ? ? .u : rVOLlICJ nave ooen more necessary uiau u ictually is, had not the Executive, by its Order in Council, requiring payments to )e made in specie, taken effective measures ;o throw a monopoly of the Land-market nro the hands of those who are already ieep speculators in the lands purchased rom the United States within the last two years: From tho Detroit Daily Advortimr, Aag. 24. THE LAND MANIA. If the capitalists who are buying up the public lands could increase the agricultural, manufacturing, and mercantile population of the United States at their pleasure, they would be masters of an almost unlimited wealth. There is but little agricultural produce exported from the United States. Nearly ail the world is at peace; so may it long continue. Agriculture is improving, and the soil of almost every country supplies its inhabitants with brettd. In this state of things, which, for any thing we see, is likely to continue for an indefinite period of time, agricultural industry in the United States cannot with advantage be ex tended much beyond the supply of the wants of the population of the United States. Tho amount of our exports of grain and provisions is the merest fraction, compared with the quantity consumed in the country ; not more perhaps than the one-hundredth part. We all know that an extension of agricultural productions beyond a corresponding increase in the o.her branches of industry, (the mercautile, manufacturing, <&c.) will be unavoidably attended by a diminution of the profits of agricultural industry. A limited quantity of bread is required ; there is a limited amount of means to pay lor it. In proportion as the producers of this bread are multiplied, their profits will !>e diminished. When the profits of other branches of industry, capital and labor arc withdrawn from the less profitable business, and seek another that yields a better profit. The demand for agricultural produce being limited, it is obvious that the demand for land must likewise be limited. It is true that the population of the United States increases las^r than the population of any otljcr country, and this requires u corresponding extension of agricultural industry. There has been such an increase; a considerable part of the Mississippi and the country of the Upper Lakes has been brought under cultivation within the last thirty-five years. But an immeasurably greater portion still remains. Since the great West has been opened for settlement under the auspices of Congress, something upwards of two hondred millions of acres have been surveyed and brought into market. Up to the beginning of the present year, but little over thirty