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1 CHERAW GAZETTE. , ~ ' % M. MACLEAN EDITOR-& PROPRIETOR. CIIERAW, S. C., TUESDAY, JUNE 14, 1836. VOL. I. NO. 31. Published every Tuesday. ; TERMS. Ii paid within* three months, ... 3. 00 ( It paid withinthrec months after the close ot the year, -------- 3. f?0 I not paid within that time, - -I. (10 ' A company of six persons taking the paper at , j the same Post Office, shall l>e entitled to it at ?15, I j paid ill advance, and a company of ten persons j at ?'20 ; provided the names be tunvarded to^eth- i er, accompanied by the money. j 1 No paper to he discontinued but at the option * of the Editor till arrearages arc paid. ( Advertisements inserted lor 75 cents per square j the lirst time, and 37 j for eacli subsequent inser- ' lion. s Persons sending in advertisements arc request- I fd to specify the number of times they arc to be i inserted; otherwise they will l?e continued till ;i ordered out. and charged accordingly. ! ( 0"The Postage must be paid on all coinmu- . nicatigns sent bv mail. ;i - PARENT'S DEPARTMENT. ^ __ - . VI l'rom the Mother's .Magazine. THE INCONSISTENT AND PARTIAL YOl'NU ,j< MOTHER. ! h I hat) scarcely seated myself in the house v of my friend, before Jier little Julia announ- ! s ced tcr me what was to her the welcome i news, that her uncle and aunt G. were com. d ing to see them, and would bring her little s! cousin. I soon learned that this was a tact ! h talked of by more than the juvenile mem- It bers oft he larniiy. Preparations were inak- . U ing by every one to accommodate this little tr stranger in its first visit. Put none were t: so abundant in their expressions of antioi- w patcd jov, as the little one who cointnunie; - d ted the intelligence: to me. She seemed , 1 scarcely to forget it the livelong day. .She tl was constantly telling of the kindness of in her uncle and aunt to her, and seemed to t<j feel as 'hough the little stranger would par- b< take of their affectionate regards, and they ' it should immediately become friends. Her; it: judicious mother seemed tilled with appro- in hension as the time approached tor their in arrival, and on inquiring the cause, she re. 01 plied, "1 am fearful of the influence of this bvisit upon Julia. You know she has long d; been the cherished one in our whole fatuity w circle, and I am afraid, when she sees a ri- m val in our affections, it will make her u?- ai happy. Besides, you know sister Man- is, tt< a great favorite among us, and perhaps ti< tliere is some danger that we shall neglect si Julia too much. This would prove to her pr a lasting injury; but as I am her mother, I 1 w must be still and abide the consequences sc whatever they may be." J t'i Soon after this conversation, the car- w riage, which bore this new treasure to the ?<?i expectant hearts of its grand parents, was w hailed with acclamations of joy. The little t.\ waiting Julia was the first to meet them; ft, and "Uncle have you brought your baby?" cl was the first salutation. "Hush! hush! you ^ will wake it," was the cold response of the ' ! ; uncle, and the chil i stepped back, seeming- hi ]v to wait the affectionate embrace she was i U wont to meet. She again ventured forward,, I>< and said in alow tone, "Aunt Mary, may I u knlur?"?WVA c!w> i? T' suu yuui viauj -? iw, j., t and you must not look at her or make a jt( noise." The child looked unutterable tilings, U! hut sat down seemingly resolved to wait for : c< the babe to wake, as a reward for this cold- j in ness. Soon, however, she forgot the in- ! h< , junction, and knocking her little chair about, awoke the baby. Then she was met with J ei a severe reproof, and the long-wished for b treasure was brought forth. J now exj>cct- ; ai ed to see the injured feelings of the little one S healed, by a suitable and kind introduction j b< to her cousin, but no: and as she caught pi hold of the frock to try to get a sight of it, rc she vvas pushed away with, "You was a I h; naughty girl to make a noise; now you 11c must wait until she is pleasant." She did not yet scorn to understand tliat she hid a S1 rival in their affections, and went fondling : ta about her uncle in all the playfulness of n childhood; but he soon pushed her away ; a; with a reproof for being so boisterous, and | u she silently went into her mother's room, C) and, at the request of her aunt, was put to j, bed, that her noise might not disturb the n, baby. ! ai The next morning she seemed to have a forgotten all her sad repulses, and very c; cheerfully consented to leave her seat at the j jj table to watch the baby during breakfast.! r I"ncle and aunt both gave her a list of j jrliargcs, and ventured to leave tlie room. ; ]G For a while all was quiet, and I began, to : .j liopc that things would goon, as I thought j right. Very soon, however, the child cried, and when the mother went to it, Julia had u raised her a little to try to pacify her. "You ! C( naughty girl," said the aunt, "I told you j j, not to touch the baby: now you may go out, J t( and I shall not leave her with you again." j o Julia was not habituated to being called j t naughty, and had heard the term applied to ; those onlv who had exceedingly erred. She ' looked as though her little heart had rcceiv- j ed a deep wound: but her grandmother's j room had always been a sanctuary for her, j and as she was not easily to be driven from i it, she returned immediately after eating her | breakfast. As soon as she entered the c room, her aunt rehearsed to her uncle a his- o tory of her naughty deeds, and after a se- ; p vere reproof from both, she was sent out of; " the room, with an assurance that their child \ y should never be allowed to be so disobodi- j c ent and selfish. Julia, as would be expect- b ed, was peevish and impatient through the J day, and the poor mother heard manv good v maxims, from the newly inaugurated pa- p rents, on the importance of training up chil- i h dren in the way they should go. I soon j s saw a very unhappy efiect on the child. ; ti Sometimes, she was called to rock the baby,1 s and scolded if she M as not willing; then, if i J she went and offered to play with the child, t she M as refused; and, whenever she was c noisy, Mas sent into her mother's room to i study. If she never could tend the baby j r when she wished, of course, she would not, 1 be willing to do so when others wished. ; < The aunt ca'le t her stubborn and seltisb, ? tod t!ic Child, unused to such treatment, was disobedient and sullen. ?Shc soon ioarnr'd that her study was given her for a punbhmcnt. or, what is as acceptable to a child, to keep her still, and she would not get her lessons. Of course, no failing escaped the notice of the newly made critics, and many times a day did the mother hear sucli expressions as tiicse, "I always knew that jhild would be spoiled."?'*1 would make a ;hiid study."?uLct me have the managenciit of that child awhile, and I guess she'd ?<. ! her lessons." Julia had always been a daything for her grand parents, and her uotlier had not only permitted, hut encourtged 1k.t to amuse their lonely hours. It :oulu not be expected that lier childish lroics would exhibit much refinement, cspecilly as slie had l>eeii in the habit of occupying any part of the house she wished, to tide Iron) her grandfather, and when she ras found, the whole house would echo with ?y. These innocent frolics were a great j anoyance to the new parents. "O," tliev I t ould often say, "Our child shall never act j o."?"Did you ever hear so noisy a child." ; -"What is its mother thinking of that she ! ocs not correct it?"?"It seems as though j he thouglit there was no one in the house j ut herself."?"Our child shall never be aimed in such sehisli habits." Poor crca- j ires, thouglit I, what will hinder your child oin being supremely seliish. If we went j > take an airing, the convenience of the; hole house must be sdcr'liecJ to an hour ...f .......1.1 1 1. ? . l.ol./. I '**1 NVUIU UCM ilCUUIIIlUUUUl J mu IMUU I 'hen tliut seat must be reserved fur the moicr which would best suit the child; and, ; i short, from the servants in the kitchen,! > the patriarch of the household, all must u in subjection to the will of tins child. If slept, no one must do any thing to wake ; if its hour had not come to eat, it must >t be nursed, if the whole house was kept i a turmoil by its cries. I looked silently 11 to see if even the dealing parents could ; so blind, as to think that their cherished mghter was right in all her measures: and hen I heard h?r refuse to let her judicious (other prepare little comforts for the child, id appeal to a book she had in consultsjn, before receiving any of her prescripts, I wondered nt their forbearance. "I tall not give that to the child, if you prcire it," said she one day to her mother, ho was straining a little herb tea to try to othc it. "Mrs. 1). says, such and such > lings are not good f ?r children.M "And I hois Mrs. P.," asked her father. "O,j loiwt monnirnrj /\1 /*Jll Ul ? />?! lfl t1lf? ! liv. Wi iuu ucoi untilu^io v/i viiituivii j orltl. She is certainly the bust mother I; :cr knew, and I would follow her rules be-, re any o:li"f in the world." "How many lildrcn lias she reared?" asked be. Why," replied she, hesitating a little,''she is but two, and they are small, but she tows how children ought to Ik; managed, 'the present generation had been nursed jr such mothers as Mrs. D., they would be different race from what they arc now." looked toward the mother, who had fitted j :r large family of children for stations of, sefulness, and 1 thought I could see in her I )untenancc an index of deeply injured feel- j ig, though not a word was said, nor even j ,T eye raised. Hut to return to Julia. Iler mother had Fidcavored to govern lier by reason, and . y explaining to lier the impropriety of this i id that measure, as well as by the rod. he soon seemed to sectan inconsistency jtween lier mother's rules and her aunt's rccepls. "You say, mamma, that cliilJ:n must do just as older persons wish to ive them; when is the time to begin iit*i to it them have what they wish? Aunt Ma,* always tells me to let her baby have all ic wishes lor, and when I was going to ike away that beautiful book Air. M. gave ?e, she would not let mc, and said I should [ways let little children have what they 'anted." Ilut time would fail me to reMint what I saw and hoard, during my stay i this family. Every day brought some ! ew trail of Julia's temper and disposition; | nd I have known whole davs pass without) ' * t -TV * .!. 1 1 word ucingspoKcnio Juiiu,enut.Tuvijfruij., le or aunt, except to reproach Ik r, <>r to call' er to wait upon the baby. Not one inqui- I v did I hear rna'de of her, respecting her ttie sports, her studies, iV-c., &c., and 1 sillily, but ardently, desired that, for owe, leir child might be thus treated before theiri ? wn eyes. Owing to sickness in my own family, I -as called home before tiic visiters depart:1. I left the silent, suffering mother of alia bathed.in tears, and it is my intention > learn not only the sequel of this visit, hut ther particulars, Ifoni time to time, of these vo children. A Yisiti:k. Kl'ltATi EfOXOHY. " TOPPING COP.N. t from the New-England farmer. Mr, Fcssrndcn.?Notwithstanding the i orrcct theories advanced by yourself ami i tliers, and the numerous experiments,! roving conclusively that the practice ofj ?nnnit>n1i?tinn frirn" I r?ni1?J ill!liriniJ<3 I x ~7 et it is believed that this practice is still! ontinucd generally, although discontinued j y a large portion of the best farmers in Cew-England. Tiic practice, if injurious, i ,*ould, in a short period, cause a loss ofi roperty, in tlie aggregate, amounting por- i mps to millions, Tiiat the corn plant \ hould ever have been selected for mutilaion, in preference to other vegetables.' eems to be an extraordinary circumstance, j n the whole circle of American husbandry, j here is no plant of higher utility and value, i >r which excites greater curiosity ami adniration in respect to its beautiful appeartnce and organic structure. The physioogist cannot explain liow the grass grows, >r how this plant springs from a decaying ;oed tn*o hcini;.and performs all t?functions: yet science reveals to us certain tacts, a* well as the modes in which some of its functions are performed. We know thai the Author of nature docs nothing in vain either in the animal or vegetable kingdoms; and that He gave to this plant such peculiai ' constitution and anatomy, that each part or . organ is absolutely necessary to bring it to j maturity, or complete its perfection. The abstraction of any part of it is, | therefore, opposed to the wise provisions ol nature; and, for obvious reasons, checks I its growth. It receives a portion of its j food and nourishment from the soil, through ! the medium of the roots, and their sprays* or minute fibres, extending several feet from I the stalk or stem, which at as absorbents. Hut the vegetable fluid, received from the roots and propelled upwards, undergoes several chemical actions before it enters the cob, and before it is finally converted into that peculiar food which the green ear requires. Air is as essential to its growth as heat, and supplies a portion of its nourishment. Indeed, some plants derive their whole nourishment from the nir. The wide corn blades, like the leaves of trees, decompose carbonic acid, retaining the carbon, and emitting the oxygen. The blades arc, therefore, in some measure, respiratory, and have some slight analogy to the lungs of animals, which retain only thai part of the air called oxygen (the vital part.) to improve the state of the hlood and give it its red colour. We may, therefore, safely conclude that tiie corn-blade is the organ to prepare or elaborate the sap propelled into it from the stem ; that from the blade it returns to the pitli or pulpy substance of the stalk ; that it next enters the cob, after having undergone several stages of improvement; and that defore it is finally received into the kernel, it has been "refined and doubly refined," until it constitutes that, rich saccharine juice, which is the nutriment of, and fT! t'nc fliA ! ???#%! W** mi, onai iiatuui tu uiu khiivw 1? *thus perceive the use of the blades, as well as the pitli, the latter extending through the whole stalk*. This vegetable fluid circulates through the whole length of the stalk, as well as the blades. Whether the sap, after it ascends to the roots into the blades in which it is elaborated, descends to the roots, according to the doctrine which some distinguished physologists hold in respect to trees and parcnnial plants, we confecs we have strong doubts. l>ut that there is some sort of circulation, must he conceded. It is probable that the juice, after it ascends may descend into certain buibous roots as their tops dry and decay. Although unable, by actual experiment, to confute the theory, we can conceive of 110 reason whatever why the sap should descend into the roots of annual or perennial plants. " Thd circulation of the sap," says a learned writer. ' is one cf the most obscure, though important processes, iii the whole vegetable economy." JSut the fact that it circulates, or flows or moves through every part of the corn-plant, improving its state, until the final deposit of its richest substance in the kernel, is sufficient to support our main position. If our premises arc correct, the conclusion irresistibly follows, that cutting off half the stalk with nearly all the blades, while the plant is grecu and growing, before the car comes to maturity, must necessarily check its growth, because a large portion of the organs, essential to complete its perfection, are nbstrciotnd. It is disorganized in resncct to its natural functions. One source, whence it derives nourishment, is cut off. The sap froth the roots can no longer be elaborated by the blades, and afterwards converted into a richer and sweeter substance. The ear consequently shrinks, the kernel shrivels as it dries; und the result is, as has often been demonstrated by accurate experiments that by means of the multilating process, the com funis out to be not so sweet and palatable for food, less in quantity, and in weight less than there would have been, had nature been permitted, in her own way to bring it to maturity. Farmers often commence topping the corn so soon as the kernel is glazed over, " begins to turn," while it is "in the milk." This is the period when the car is in the greatest need of the saccharine juice, when all the parts or organs of the living whole, through which action is evolved, and which rcciprocaily act and rc-act, are developing their energies to produce the desired result, the maturity of the car. And the several parts or organs of the plant are rcciproii i r 1. _.i r it... CJtliy ucpeuucm upon cucii uiuur tux utu u.\crcise of their respective functions. Without the top mid tiic farina, which fulls from it, the corn would newer grow upon the cob. A silky thread grows out of each kernel, and at the precise time when these threads project beyond the husks, when w the corn is in the silk," the farina falls from the top on to the silk, and through the medium of these threads impregnates each kernel. A miscroscope will disclose a small aperture at the end of the silk. In this manner, it is weil known, that two fields of corn of different kinds, standing at considerable distance from each other, will intermix when the wind conveys the farina from one field to the other. The tops at the wide spreading blades | have other uses. They serve as a covering to protect the ear and stem from the loo intense heat of a burning sun on the one hand, and cold winds on the other. They also derive nourishment from gentle rains and dews; and their umbrageous foliage, by being a partial obstruction to evaporations, tends to prevent the soil from parching or drving up. A medium teni|>erature is thus, in some measure preserved. The ! genial influence of the solar light upon the i plants (without which they would not grow) ! is a tact known to all, but is not of easy cxi p'anation. This covering affords also a acfi'T*the en" '" iroc'?. I' 1 ' o. * 51 which on* Northern climate is subjected. \ 51 One instance of this I will mention. The ti t last spring I planted about four acres of v , corn tipon a low, argillaceous soil, late in d ; the season. The piece was well manured 'J but no manure pnt in the hill. For a long u 1 time the plants appeared less promising than c i those of my neighbours, who put manure p in the hill. Hut when the roots reached the o undcr-sward, and the nutriment equally dif- ft fused, tint growth of this piece was remark- e ably rapid. The plants being thick set, and 0 of uncommon height the tops and blades ai covered nearly the whole surface. The tl prospect appeared favourable to a yield of n 75 bushels to the acre. m While (other farmers had topped their corn [a practice p which I have not a<k>pted,) mine was in ! vigorous growth. onlva small nortion beinrr p, /? - ' ? 0 out of danger from frost. In that state, a, two succssive frosts struck it so severely as a to kill the tops and blades. Hut the cars 0. remained green, and to appearance untouched by frost, and the husks did not pr adhere to the car as they do when severely v frost bitten. My opinion is, that the frost did no greater injury than the knfc would ej have clone, had the piece been topped at . that time; and also that had I topped it ^ previous to the frost, the effects of the frost g would have rendered! it valueless, except for fodder. JSomc farmers top their corn in order to force it to ripen earlier. They remove the ^ covering to let the rays of the sun have ^ greater effect upon the cars. And some believe, that by this process they can turn ^ ]?#? tl'llltip ^nrwinf nf fli/? infn t!ir> nor I " *?VIV yuiiViib Ul ll?\^ J Ulv^ illkU uiv In respqct to the last point, our preceding ?! remark affords a sufficient answer. Ex- . perimcntal knowledge wilj convince any one, that tlic corn will ripen earlier in ?aturc's way, than by adopting the mutilating a* process. The truth is, that we may safely follow nature, hut to change her course and ^ improve her laws, is beyond the capacity of man. The great Author of nature created aI every plant in the vegetable kingdom, 01 perfect in its otcn kind. It is, therefore, C) the hight of arrogance and folly to attempt a' to improve upon what is already perfect. m While by tne mutilating process, we in- ^ crease the quantity of solar light shed upon ?* the car, we at the same time diminish the ijr quantity of heat, the latter being perhaps |il more necessary to the plant's grow th, than ,l !*?.. t . .i i Til more ugin. in autumn, at ine usual inner ? of topping corn, more liglit falls upon an isolated tree in the open field, tliun upon hi any one tree in a thick grovo or forest, be Yet it istrpc, that the latter tree has more wi heat than the former. So in a compact, wi well shaded corn field, the heat is retained, It if not generated, more than it would be bv sp cutting away tlie umbrageous foliage to let It in solar light, thus exposing the denuded mi stalk to tliefufl Jbrcc of the cold, searching mi winds of that season. In the spring p0 season, wheu the plants arc small and tender bv there is an abundance of light, but such is r"h the low temperature, and their exposure to Xvi the winds, that as a natural consequence t},( they often appear feebjo and sickly, and ^hi slowly increase in size. ,rf We know of no tree or other plant, whose ^ condition would be improved by cutt|ng oil* ^ its top, or main branches. Should a tree be entirely stripped of its foliage, in midsummer, it would surely decay and probably jj, die. If it bore fruit not fully ripe, the fruit would shrink and never become palat. fQ able. Should the min brandies be cut off, ju its growth would be so stinted, that it would ^ not recover until after several years, if at all. In transplanting trees, young, or of many years growth,* modem experiments ?a have proved, that mutilating the tops and the roots, at the same time is very destructive to the tree; because the through which ^ the sap circulars, are organs just aa cs- P* scntial as the roots, to the nourishment of nl the tree. "c Anotherjustigcation assigned for rlie practice of topping corn, is to gain a great- U( cr supply of folder for cattle, lint the fact is, that the farmer by cutting up his corn at so the roots when it has come to maturity, he will have a greater quantity of foldes, than gr he would in thotother mode, and he thereby ha saves much labour. It is admitted, that ca the stalks cut green, containing more of the fu saccharine juico, afford sweeter folder, nc Bu? if the main object he to raise good corn, sp that juice should go to nourish the car. or Wocould extend our remarks, and ad. be ducc other arguments to fortify our main ro position. But should you deem these (|r I /,i,wIn* / ?! f\l 1 ?,?f l/M", C?r I ..I toiuuiivo nuiiin v? I'UUIII/UUUII) iv/i |fl the purnose of clicking public inbury, or ongaging the attention of writers more ; ( competent than myself to establish the truth j( of the theory, and to put an end to one of j the most unwise and injudicious practices ever adopted in an enlightened community, I shall not regret this humble etlbrt to pro- [ . mofc the agricultural interest. WILLIAM CLAGGET. Portsmouth, N, II. Feb. 0,1936. * In England, transplanting full grown trees of all kinds is reduced to science, and condudted upon systernatik principles, fly the process, the parks and pleasure grounds of the wealthy arc suddunly ornalTbntcc with cqtcnsivcs groves. From the Southern Agriculturist. I # > re ; On the Pride of India Tree, as an Article ^ for lairing. 0I j Dear Sir.?At your request, I furnish C; j you with my observations on the Pride of fc j India Trees, as an article of fencing, in ^ I places, where timber is scarce and of in- p] | different quality. I have, myself, been at n\ j some pains in cultivating this highly valu- a ! able tree ; and bringing it to that state of 01 I perfection, which I have heard, it attains, st j in its native clime. The result of my ex*- w i perience is,, that it may be made one ot s< i the most useful and profitable tencing and te ' timber trees know n to the southern planta-! pi "on O'trfoyufv i? becoming, every c V ear, more thick!/ settled, and its cultiva- j C ion is pushed on, the vast primeval forests irhicli cover the land, must necessari!/ I isappear before the woodman's axe. 'he consequence is, that in n few years cu e will begin to feel the want of the ne- nh cssary wood and timber for our farming Jo urposes, and spe the utility of setting in ut plantations of the more valuable Cu >rest trees. Indeed, I am aware of the as xistcnce of this want of timber on some ?Slt f our sea-islands, and fertile rice lands, Pa nd it is particularly to the planters of of jqsc sections that I address these re- Jaj larks. The best method of cultivating the ride of India, that I havoyet discovered ?t.~ r.tu...: h ' _ 1 l - \"j iuu luiiuwmg. ivun n piuugn in u might furrow, and return, ploughing tip ,n8 lother furrow to the one made, then take h,c hoe, and at the distance of eight feet, P^1 len a hole about one foot wide along the on( dgc, which fill with well rotted manure om the stable, or heap of compost, into . ' hich drop four or five berries. This f101 lould be done in March or April. Cov- in them lightly and attend the young triG ants as you would cotton, keeping down .l( rass and weeds, and pulling up the weak id slende'r shoois, leaving but one of the lost healthy and vigorous. Go over this p^j vice in the course of three months, ^ ith a plough, turning over the furrow to pt le plants. The young trees will rapidly j 'ow to the height of six or eight feet. ^ iirlnrr this tinip. vnn rmwf nrmsinnnllv r. ~ O ~1 J ---J rip off the leaves and lateral shoots, in n derto train the stems to a certain length. cep them merely straight twigs to which ^ icy will naturally tend, until the next jJC1< >ring, when you nijl direct them to grow _ i upright as possible, keeping down eeds and grass as in the year before. In lis year they will attain the thickness of >out twelve inches in circumference id by the next spring the height of twelve r fifteen feet. The growth may, howrer,be improved by the use of the hoc cu id manuring. They may now be per- I. litted to put out lattera! limbs, suffering . ic most vigorous to continue, and taking . r 11..........k .. Siv * IIIC ntflii mica nunc >uuu^t ?IUI a uning knife. This will preserve tire ?ality and beauty of the timber making . 1 fit in fifteen years for all manner oi' rniture !"4 ban The value of the wood cannot be too t^e ghlv appreciated. It may be sawed into qe| >ards from twelve to eighteen irrohes ^ ide, fit for almost any purpose, or into j linscoting of the most beautiful shade?. ^c| is a light sonorous wood, not opt to me lit, and capable of a very high polish. is entirely divested of any resinous J,ug utter, and thereby fitted to receive the ost beautiful varnishes. It possesses >werful vermifugous qualities, and there' ntted for all furuiture of the bed anther, as no bugs or any other insect; ?ai 11 infest it. The texture or quality of ^ e wood may be improved by being i . i..,* . i' ( luuii i/ii itiuu ut a k,u*j uuhuim? uui i 1 ow well on the loosest sandy loam. Jt nw, ould be raised from the seed in the ?n anncr I have described. If transplanted lCj* i tap-roots will newer grow, and the ? 1 lality of the wood is much impaired. esides, it will be more apt to be blown iwtr, being supported only by lateral frc ots, these taking their sole pabulum from 1 e rich loam on the surface, and giving to e wood a soft spongy texture. As an article for fence posts, I can ne| fely recommend it as one of the ehcapest id most durable. In this Litter quality jn .approximates more nearly to cedar gQ1 an nny wood I know. It may be an( anted where the fence is intended to be je,, n, and ^our rails may be nailed to the we >dy of the tree. The superfluous gta anches will afford an excellent fire- tAn r)od- . , j gai The foliage ofthis tree, aff< rds a whole- rea me provender for cattle. Horse?, cows, $ei >gs, sheep. #c. will eat tlx; leaves pet eedtly. When dried and mixed with i iy, I know of no Letter medicine for at ittle of every kind. Such are the vermi- pn gous qualities of the entire tree, that I reil sver fail to give it to my animals every C(j ring. A few leaves given to horses once je0 twice a week, wilt afford them a most jge (nutiful coat of hair. A decoction of ifs jng od administered in small doses to chil- Gp: en every morning for nine days, will cjp factually destroy worms in them. C0l A correspondent of yours has already dat stifled as to the excellence of Pride of I a >dia leaves and berries as a manure ; and ing so as a preventive to hugs. To his tes- pra nony,I can safely add my own. I have evi ied both experiments, and have exper- fro need the most beneficial results. tlui With every wish for your success, Mr. vie ditor, I subscribe myself I h COLBERT. the for ontenfs of the Farmer <$ Gardener, of j ?no May 21. I lia\ Notice of the season, long continued 'j16 ought, &c?application of long manure? ? imarks on the fate of the memorial of the Jy1 grieultural Convention of Virginia?notice f Buckingham?Professor Lovr on the dis- n0! lses of Sheep?compost manure?cure ?P' r the gapes in chickens?interesting comlunication on Beet root Sugar?policy and wo roflt of small farms?culfure of Corn, man- ser lament of grass seeds and product of 'he small farm?Yankee mode of cultivating wh lions?sales of stock cattle?mode of de- ^ roying the cut worm?do. of the wire orm?preparation and management of nn< ;cd corn?management of cream for but- t*01 r?receipt for making cold soap?rule for '"f [anting fruit trees?advertisements, prices (M arrents. <fcc. ' rf' iontents, of the Southern Agriculturist | June, 1636. 'art, .?OaiNlNAL CoMMIJXICATIOXa. An Address delivered before the HortiItuml Society of Charleston, at the An- i irersary Meeting, May 5th 1836; by 1 el ft. Poinsett, Esq. (to bo concluded our next.) Calomel for Soie Eyes, by lomel. On the Pride of India Trees, ' an Article for Fencing; by -Colbert. ., tvery in the Uuited States; by J. 3 ulding. AnsweMo some of the Questions " Edisto Islandby Colleton. Camellia 'JB ponica; by P. ' - f Part II.?JSelectmws; Some remarks on Temperature conered in relation to Vegetation and tlie ituralization of Plants; by A. J.Downf. Topping Cornj by Win- Clagget- i linn Corn made without tillage after ntipg; by James Caraak. Corn, Caicot. i Rutn Baca Crons: bv Edward Miller. * q- ??r ~ 9 - # . way to grow Early Potatoes. Carious >covories in Practical.^Science. Salivan of Horses. Of -Property Slaves. Management of Horses. On Importance of Farmers giving personal 2ntion and labour to their Farms; by A.ntcr. EfFects of the remarkable preence of Cold in South-Cargtifta. lierks on Emigration to tfio rrcstfby [rick Noble. Cotton Crop in the United tes. Cotton and Cotton Trade, p.? III.?Misclleaeous Intelligence. LClder Tree, Cotton Thread, Effects of iltplying Paper Money, The Project of a am Ship, A locomotive set loose, Mason 1 Dixon's Line, Simple Cure for Itheutism, Instinct of PlantsFProdigy, Paint do with Potatoes. To obtain ffood Tim. - -m ? tract from Mr. Calhoun's Speech in the Senate on Incendiary Publications. Tuesday, April 12f f he Senate having resumed the con~ orations ol'thc bill to prohibit the ciiv , ation through the mails of incendiary plications? Mr. Calhoun addressed the Senate; am aware, (said AJr. C.j how ?offen-- ~ e it is to speak of oneself; but as the pntor front Georgia on my right (Mr. tg) has thought proper to impute to me iroper motive*,! feel myself compelled, *if-defencc, to state the reasons which rc governed my course is reference fo | subject bow imder coosidentrioov The >fttor is greatly nastakerritr snppoeiag 11 was governed by bostifiry to (res; :fcson. So far is thai from being the ^ t, that I came here at the commencent of the Session with fixed and seflteff ?iciples on the subject new under dis- " ission, and which, in pursuing the irse that tjie Senator condemns, I have attempted to carry into effect. \s soon as the subject of abolition' bei to agitate the South last summer, ia sequence of the transmission of incen^^ ry publications through the mail^fsaw )ncc that it would force itself on1 the ir#? nf ('onfrrps<3 nt th#? nrasftnt m>9$iinni I that it involved questions of great delcy and difficulty. I immediately turnmy attention in coasequenee to thesubt, and after due reflection arrived at conclusion that Congress should' exise no direct power orer it, and Aafrif ; , icted nt all, the only mode in whieh it ild act, consistently with the Constitul and it he rights and safety of the vcholding States, would he its the main proposed by this bill. I aliso saw t there was no inconsiderable danger the excited stale of the feelings of the nth; that the power,however dangerous I unconstitutional, might be fhoughtsly yielded to Congress, knowing fall II how apt the weak and timid are,ra te of excitement and alarm, to seek nporary protection iti any quarter, redless of after consequences, and how dy the artful and designing ever aye to ze oo such occasions to extend and perrate their power. IVilh these impressions I arrived here the beginniug of the sessions The 3sidenl's message was not calealsfed to> ? nove my apprehensions- fje assumtor Congress direct pewerevet the subt,and that on the broadest, most unquald, and dangerous priocipfes. Knowthe influence of his name, by reason his great patronage and the rigid disline of party, witha large portion of the jntry, who had scarcely any other stand of constitution/ politics, and moral*, aw the full extent of the danger of bav; these dangerous principles reduced to tctice, and I determined1 at once to use ?rv effort to prevent it. The Senator . m Georgia will, of course, understand it 1 do not include bin* in this subsernt portion of his party- So fas from it* ave always considered bim as one of i most independent. Tt has been our tune to concur in- opinion in relation to st of the important measures which rc been agitated since be became a mbcr of this body, two years ago, at i commencement of tho session, during ich the deposite question was agitatedi i that important question, if I .mistake I, the Senator, and myself concurred in nion, at least as to its inexpediency, and i dangerous consequences to which it uld probably lead. If my memory ves me, we also agreed in opinion of i connected subject of the. currency, ich was then incidentally discuaaed. 5 agreed too,on the question of raiang i value of gold to its present standard, i in opposition to the bill for the diatria of the proceeds of the public lands, roducedby the Senator from Kentucky [r. Cluy.) In recurring to the events that inicros'ing session, I can remein* "*..