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mFi) mi ?M Jtoimmv* tVUckm**. > a;: the ?EVIL FUglNO. M Alt MS WOHB'I 4 TUB row*. Wh*t look, old ChrtttfMU to-diy? Slid I, mi (ofity A? he throwoutfit*linefor prey, p :^Poor mortal folk (aborning. W)ihne<r?f#?fcNw,r**oiu4ht oknin, . A uii-er with * bargain- y Toooteho nmly *nm, I took A driMle-Ulled iuri0ut~ { A would'bo Mfe Mad os my book, r "AiimpUnffatl dram writ. in, tjiiMfh oft you with S.tIO hod *OIB, 1 cautht o wtgoow with o hifk* /Vl>c ?uh}i?t for diuec lion: ' An offlrc hunUr with ? lio, Well mHwd for ?UetW we&~ Ynw top* bitM wWI it ? cortc, (Whin there'* o boltli to it)-? Your Ji* will even bito it po?k, IT no NHll annoy through it. , Yo'tr Aid man Hkw a parchment, when By mortf?fto torn* on?S bitten; Yonr younpter like* ? frr-hcr ?kin, ' Whin yet there's nothing written, 8om? thy oneV pity ihoul the line, Till prudence wnserfeehle; Aodthowi it |i*t ire often miuc, Who only meint to nibbtt. Ttier*'* few indeed of email or greet, (Or I ? to moth ni<l?k?tt) Bu* rjjuy, by tone peculiar hrit, He tempted, end then b?> UKott. Hut there i? one of ill thi reft, Who moit employ* my cook;? Th? i<f/er ple???? me th* best, Hi bite* the naktdhook" HOUSE OT COMMONS. Mr. UUSfvlSSO^ 'S ?peech In reply to Mr. Enter, and Mr Williams, on tli'< vibjeet of the pro hibition ftf foreign Bilk, grounded on ? petition of the Silk Weaver* to that effect? [GsnrfeMJ This advertisement was inserted in the Micclesficlii Iris, and any one may refer to it. The consequence wns, that a vast y.rr.bfr of people immediately rushed to M.ieclesfield, and they were doubtless soon ?up> lied with more than the 5,000 they ?v.int?d. Here was a demand for infantine operatives?for the work of children of 7 ??cars of age, ?nd those infants to be put up :i manufactories which were so greedy of their tittle labours as to cnll for them at the early age of 7 years. ?ih! at the very mo ment too when this House was pastuug an tct to prevent the employment of children under the nge of nine y'.irs, (sis we under stood) for morn than 12 hours in the day (Hear, hear ) Now 1 know not how many of those 6,000 persons were procured?1 perhapxthe whole nu.nher; but this de mand for ?uch 4 quantity of additional as sistance augur* certainly more of that pre dicted falling off in the trade of Maccles field. But to this advertisement which I have rcod; allow me to refer to another which, dthouah I have not myself seen it, t am informed, by undoubted authority, ac tually aptMvtred in the Macclesfield paper. ?4VV mtod 1o be ballt immediately, 1,<<00 bouwta." (Hear.) If, therefore, this was the state 01atrade, and it trade too. which was to end in July, 1026; I will ask whit confidence is to be placed now in tnose who, with equal confidence in IB24, pre dicted that trifle would be destroyed before the end of the next twelve months ? Can any one, then, who has reviewed and con tidcred those facts*, believe the statement tow made, that the trade is in a rninons stall, and it likely soon to cense altogether? Alter such proceedings as those I hwe re ferred to, the'Inhuman--for I will call them Inhuman?efforts to Induce an many young and helpless and desolate children to flock into Macclesfield, fan any one wonder if two month* after such nn event, tho?e chil dren were turned out of employ, and left in n *t?de of very great distress, so much so, that elevetf persons were* found in a State of starvation. . Mr. Ellice observed, he had merely stat ed that the eleven persona bail been remov ed from ths town. flfr. Huskisson continued.?Well, then can one he surprized if, onder those cir* cumstances, thero had been eleven orders for Removal? Having now, I trust, satis fied the Houae, that if there be difficulties ?If there be distress felt at this moment in Spitftlfalde, distress and difficulties are e qu:dly felt in t.her districts and other branches of manufacture; and I will ?ty, that, notwithstanding the rival manefacto* at Sudbury. at Mto< kbridge and else where, the rAanufactures of SpitidAetd* hive made greater progress since the pass ing of the act complained of to this moment, than for any previous period. Under these circumstances, therefore, is H surprising that the silk manufacture should not h.ive Jbvmod an esceptioo to the distressss which have overtaken every other branch ot trade t (Cheers.) I have fclt hound, even thes dwasely, to defend myself, from the attack of my Honorable Friend ; and whep *? whole system ot oar commercial po ~ hsd'been slacked, I trust I shall be EM"'' JUti! by what hod ocevnd to 8J America,) my ho*. Friend opposite con) curred in those measures. To what ex tent did tboM dumgatio our colonial poll cy go? To remove thoee datiee which were lit the period of the enactment io tend ed for (be protection of trad*. I' MB ear* prised, therefore, that an lion. Member, who ought to bo hotter informed, whose iadement ought to bo more correct, aboold bo blind to the conseqnencea of thejm be neAcial measures?beneficial I will call, them. because, while they removed the charges a poo importation, thoy wore at tended with no lose to the Rerenue. I hare called for the proilnction of a |mper which has not ret been furniehed. but which shall in let* than twenty-fodr honra Jw placed in the bands of erery If on. Member of thin House, and which will shew the increase that baa followed In tbo c? nsumption of ove ry Nrticle. the duty on which has been lea vened. The importation of one article will be (band to hare increased 5,000i another 10.000?and other* in a atill greater pro portion ; and yet I bear from thosu who are more conversant with the transmission of millions sterling, from London to Paris, tb.it with the operation* of general trade, thun it iti to this principle and te this system of tree trade, that the distress of the coun try is t*j be ascribed. (Cheers.) I am most happy to any that the results of tho principle on which I have thus acted, have fully borne me out in all my anticipations, (n the six months which followed the re ?taction of thn duty on coffee, the consump tion ofth.it nrticle more than doubled, with out any decteuso in that of tea. The in cr*b*eit consumption of wine was in tho ??mc proportion, and thus it wn? found that (lie mnic amount of Revenue was produced with these additional advantage*?progress in our liberal policy without any increased pressure on the country. (Hear, hear.)? I come now to the main point of the ques tion. It is admitted that silk is easily smuggled?and Hint indeed it mnv be smug gled into {he country to any extent. No lion. AIcAdicr who now henrs me. who will not admit, that if the dutios were .10 per cent, higher than they arc, smuggling would increase Smuggling is never prevented Hy prohibitory duties. Smuggling is nut an evil for which prohibitory duties are re medies. It if argued that when prohibited goods are landed, ami come into posse sion of individuals, you may follow them i and nizc those articles in the King's name,! upon having received the oith of any in ' former that they arc of this nature. Now I nm realty surprised that any of those Honorable Gentlemen, who aro so jealous of their right*, nnd who are no noxious lo take advantage of every opportunity to Maud up and defend (he people's rights, should rise in this House, and advocato luch a system. Tt is singular in tho ex treme, that chey should so for forget 4)ie feelings l?y which they appear (o bo gene rally actuated. To wh?t doei this amount ?this power of seizing nnd examining all who aro suspected of wearing or keeping prohibited good* ? Why to this, thnt if any man?no matter whnt may he his rank, be he the lowext peasant or the highest Peer in the realm?he suspcctcd of wear ing a Bandanna handkerchief, he is liable to hare his house searched, and his premi ses ransacked, to look for those contraband goods. If such ii measure be indeed a re medy, it is most assuredly a remedy that encourages to had pasaions; n remedy thnt encourages to fraud; and a remedy that leads to danger Rut is this n remedy ; or is it not an effective one ? If it he effective. I say, bad though it maybe, and bad though it be proved, st'll retain it. Rut let u? see, is it so, or is it tho contrary t (Hear.) In con?equenc*$ of the frequent reference m ule to the subject of smuggling, I have taken tho trouble to ascertain wh.it quanti ty ofsmuggled silk* have (h en seized with in the lust ten yearn, and have found it did not exceed on an average ?>.000 per an num. [Hear.] I could not of cour?e le-?rn the exact quantity which hits been actually smuggled in, but 1 found, on inquiry, that the quantity entered outwards for hngland at the French custom-houses, amounted to upwards of ?150,000 per annum; the whole of which must hove found its wav in to thU country. Will any man, therefore, ?ay that there is nothing in this which re quired amendment? The Hon.Gentleman has referred to Indhi silks?in reply to which observation I will tell him thnt those are imported in large quantities, and sold for exportation only at the Knst India Com pany's *ales. Do they go to France to be put round the heads of the ladies there ortheneeks of the gentlemen ? No. They are sold at the India sales here to the a mount of ?600,000 or ?1.000,000 annual* ly. and at an average of 4s. per handker* chief. They are purchased publicly; what then become* of them ? They are shipped off to Hamburgh, Rotterdam, Oat end, and Guernsey; and thence they all return hi ther again. [Hear, hear.] It follows, therefore, that by such a system of fraud, perjury, and every other vice, will be created, and the tendency of which being to demoralise. It cannot t?e too mm ter minated. f The handkerchief, moreover, which is sold here for 4?., return*, and ia bought et 8s.; the whole of which differ AMen Mma SnlA |||* gumLnle ?r* mim?i ?net jiM imp ,iii pooitw oi formgntrt -end smuggle! "* ll- ^ M ^ fii #tju ON fo?fr wmj thet (K being the to the tbealree WJM_ qutt their plaoea during the perfonnenee, -nd, WbhhJTtr return, merely tie their handkerchief* to their scat*,? claim which is uniformly reflected) he examined them in several instance*, end found that those handkerchief* were nil ofcetton; net one of *Qk hitd he ever seen among them.? [The Right Hon. Gentleman here, in sop port of this part of hi* argument, teferred to the known fact, that almost every man in Society weara India handkerchiefs, and that if n man were summoned before a ma* Kistrate for having bad a Bandanna ronnd hit neck, the magistrate would be bound tp commit him, although, he himself might have one in hi* pbcket.1 Therefore, con* tinned the Hight Hon. umt., you have to chooao between a moderate protecting do - ty and p prohibitory law which produces objectionable consequences. But that ia no{ the whole of the case. B.efore the re* peal of the law; a manufacturer would say, when n piece ofiilk waa shewn to him,? "1 know, and I can prove (hut thla ia French manufacture !"?"How "From its su perior quality; from ita substance and it* admirable workmanship?for it is Quite im possible that any equnl to if Could be made in England ** (Hear, bear.) Would tho manufacturer aay, that ex* cellence in fabric proved nn article was French; yet it was in that way ttfat French good* were detected But ia that the case now ? One fact i? worth an hundred assor* tiona : An extensive French manufacturer, after the passing'of the law ao much mil understood, or at least misrepresented, Mid, "The English have opened their trade ?the prices of labt.r must fall?>1 wdl there fore go over and try if 1 cannot do better io England than in France." He came over and settled here.?He went to work ; em ployed men in Spitalfields and Manchester, who worked under bis own instructions ? He succeeded, and?I blush to own it?ex cited the jealouxv, nnd drow down upon himsell the unmerited persecution of the British manufacturers. [Hear.] The Jut ter snid; "This tro<io of hi? is only a clonk to cover the importation of French goods ? But th.it was not enough?they implicated my Hon. Friend the Hucretxry ot the Trea' sury. [Mr. Herries] in the infamous charge. It wan even alleged in the newspapers.? My I Ion. Friend sent f ~ ihe parties accus i e<l, and they repelled the charge withindig* i n ?tion They were Called before the Lords J of the Treasury. Tho British manufuc turer was lirtt heard?the other party was then called in; ami denied the charge.? What did Ihe British manufacturer say ?? That, indeed, if ho had ncceta to the books of the accn?$d, lie could soon establish the fort with nbicb he charged him. V\ hst was the resource of Ihe indignant foreigner ? " My books I you shall see them. Let an officer accompany me, and 1 will send them here in a hackney couch." He did so: and in those books Wero found the whole of the entries connected with his manufacture. The ofltar found the name of the foreign house from which be had purchased the materi.tl?the property in hit house cor* responded exactly with his stock account. Man for man, as stated by him, were found at work on the very goods described in his books. (Hear.) The English manufacturer still persist* cd, and pointed out n great quantity of goods which he contended mu?t have been smng> pled. What did the French trade?man do? He called upon tho English manufacturer to chooae tho most skilrbl person in the trade for hi* purpose, aaid ?go to my stock ?tdm it orer ; select from it whatever you please, and on the proof of its being of English orFrench manufacture,let the guilt ? v. ?uuincais ui chiivt pany rctl/'* The offer w.n accepted. What mn the result ? Thirty-seven piece* oat of one hundred were selected. The Frenchman averted they weie English manufacture. Il?w did Le prove it? He brought forward the very men by whom ev^ry one of those thirty-seven pieces had been made in Men* chester nnd Spitalfields. (Load cheering) I state thi? with feelings of shame; feelings of disgust for the treatment of those per* son*?nnd the retufo they hnd met with, for their attempt to improve manufactures. [Cheers.] Hero yoa had the best judges in the country, declaring that (ho articles brought forward were of foreign manufac ture, and yet wbeo yoa proceed to inquire into the charge, yoa find they were all mis* taken. Therefore, I assert, that a prohi bition is no hotter than a well-regulated du ty Now I have endeavored to ascertain what are the wages given to boys in ?ng ' land, and I find, that on an average it is I8d a week. I question much if the rate of payment tor labor is less in Franee. The whole consumption of silk in France is not equal to the consumption in this country ; there can be, therefore, no demand here, that will not increase the rate of wage* there and consequently keep Hp the prices of or tides of French manufacture. I consider. therefor*, that a duty of 30 per cent, will nlwavs be a sufficient protection; and I do not fear that any danger can arise from such a limitation. We have, it la supposed fire hundred thousand persona engaged in the silk manufacture. What i* their average stages? Is it an low aa 10a. per week t? Wn will take it et that, which is not b* *" m a m iL .i _ _a M n If?n Mam iWIMlM m IPW ponion fii invia mnj children nnder nine years old. I will si ' with another each Add to this iotertst of capital Mote*. U will amount * .The Lord.* Report fised nefoctnred silk at 16 mil.Mons, another esti mate* it at J t; let ua take the amount at 14, aa that which is consumed by the people of this country. Will it b? said, therefore. Unit 30 per cent, weald not be ? sufficient pfotect^t doty t for if the whole 14 mil lions were imported the daty would amount to upward* of ?4,000,000. The whole consumption of France it not equal to that of Enf0and( and I will therefore any, that under a fair system of management, with our improved machinery, our ladnet uomy, end perhaps the lowered pi other article# of consumption, we shell be placed on e footing, where 90 per cent, would be found an adequate protecting du ty. The inquiry rnmlo by Parliament in connection with this subject, wea not loeee iy or inattentively conducted. . Wee' not sufficient time taken for deliberation ? Did their Lordabipa rush to i conclusion with* out having examined competent witneaaea or without giving due weight to their tes timony? No 8trj no auch raah precipitan cy can be cfturged against them/ [Hear, hear, hear.] The whole tenor t?f their in quiry hat established the utter groundless ness of auch an imputation. Tim noble Lord who presided over that Committee, aa well aa the Committee generally, had most diligently, and with the moat laudable anxiety, investigated all the bearing* of the very interesting question before them. And what, let me eik the House, was the evi dence of that CoatmhteeT Not that 30 per cent, would be a sufficient protection to the home manufacturer; no, but that 15 per cent. wan fully adequate. (Cheers.) When 1 state ?Jiis fact, let i^not oe supposed that X stand up for the decision of their Lord ships; but that 1 think we are now on the safe side when we make the duty double whst was recommended by the Committee (Cheers.) 1 (ear. Sir, that I have proceed 1 ed to too great a length- (Hear.) I cer tainly have gone too great a length for those who are already natiffied that the system of policy pursued by his Majesty's Ministers in the last year, is that best calculated to promote the g6od of this country?'cheers) ?and I have gone with but I fear little sue cess against those who, with their new re cruits. with the Hon. Member for Taun ton, Mr. Baring, and the Hon and learned Gentleman opposite, think the safety of the country and the cc 'inuance of her trade depend on protections, prohibitions, Spi talfietd acts?(cheers)?or for those who, with the Hon. Member for Staffordshire, Mart with horror at the bare mention of po litical economy- He thinks, and indeed has told us, that thoso who put faith in, or who adopt such principles, are only fit for Laputa. [A laugh.] When, Sir, the Hon, Bart, wiilied me at that celebrMted island,, anxious to secure a favorabfo reception there, I naturally asked myself whateortof recommendation I should !ake, and certain ly it did not occur to me to solicit a letter from the Hon. Bart, who, if I mistake not, has professed himself a Brobdignagian? [laughter]?his letter, therefore, could not have much effect; but I shall tell him what was the introduction with which I was re solved to arm myself. In the first contest which we had to 6ght during tho Bullion discussion, the first question was, what ought to be the proper standard-?we we re philosophers and economists, a* we were recommended gold and silver as tho fittest for that purpose, and if the practical men? (a lsugli/?had agreed to that definition, there would have been no farther dispute. The question then so much agitated would have been at ouce determined and for ever aet at rest. 8ach, however, was not the case, and so many were the opinions and so great the discrepancy between them. Tnatouo hundred volume* of pamphlet* were published, proving that these metal* neither were nor ought to be the itaodnnl, and defining whet it really wm, Taking, Sir, some interest in the doctrine* of our forefather*; I read the?e publication* with considerable attention, and certainly not without n due seme of the novelty and im portance of the principle* hid down in them, and I wa* enabled. Sir, to extract no lee* than fifteen definition*, each purport ing to fit what the standard really wa*.? 'Laughter.] The first definition Mated that he only true and legitimate standard wa* 'the abstract pound sterling.*' (Continued laughter ]?Thus the solemn opinion of a very distinguished practical gentleman, connected with the city, had it* reign for a season, nnd among the practical per**** in that *eat of trade it had unquestionably a great run. It wa* at length exploded, and nAat the standard wa* on all hand* declar ed to be the "ideal unit."?[Great laugh* ter.) This doctrine prevailed for a raw month*, and at length th# atandard wa* de* fined to be nothing morehor le** than "the ?erne of value in paper nioney with respect to commodities." [Continued laughter.] Now, 8*r?Jf I am to be banished to Laputa, I shall content mjrielf with this little Dic tionary ?4 definition* and I am sure there iano philosopher in that mo*t philosophical island, who will not tbiak me nt to be, not only at the head of the Mian, but likewise to have all the county banks placed under my special controul a*d direction, i -hnera Indeed, Sir, uale** philoeophy ha* mueh declined in that ceontvy within tltt o^nttiryt or unleaa it f ------ trlee have, in that i altered. I ran f for 1 have no ahUdcetf i li l * Go to" the tokMura of I dam follow frtm'^T sy?tem of pro ?t is too mocb for fallibia men to ugr, that , it can only work idlfood, b.-tit is my sin cere opinion it will assuredly work groat tioM which hevp Kro t here stale ond aVow my intention to ? that system, and I wo find to kvow HI tho House nod the public. !!?* cused of inflicting Injury upon i nod sacrificing them and theTOj rash and visionary theories Sift with indignation thi? charge in tbo this House, nntblhe public, rw unju?t to I feeling, m to' my character. <: (CbeeriJWl Havo f, Sir, violated any doty to Ood or man, that I am to ho told thet I ought toJ>e j|. overwhelmed with remorse for the distreaiV' ? I have brought 00 individe*!* by 0 perse verenco in my roth theories ? wood God! Sir, can any man supppaeme totenalbfe to ?s* tho distreaa which ?t preient unfortunately* 4 affects not only the nHc trade, but rther branches of otflr manufactures? But, Sir, I have adoty to perform M a Ministor of | the Crown, and before I can Utfen to -tnj own private feelings however strong thoy ; may be, I must ask myselfwhether tho courso now pursued la that likely to pro- </ doce ultimate distress, or whether it it not the best calculated to benefit in the sod, K those who now clamour most agaioat it? I have alao. Sir, to take measures Of pre caution to prevent those miterie* which have flrom time to tim*, in apite of the prtjf y hibitory duties depressed tno trade. And ?; * I aasure the House, that I look on our pre sent system as necessary in guarding against these alterations in the value of proper*/7 which have so often proved fetal to ond en* ' tailed ?o much wretchedneaa ob tbo victim* of such an unsettled atate o/thing*??md if we do not continue the operation of that - system, I have to warn the House that we must espect the recurreoce of those acenee of dtstrea*. In conclusion. Sir, I protest against these unmanly appeals which am. daily made to my feelinjp. I know tbo painful conseqoeneea to which poor people I are subjected, from n want of employment. I look, however, to e better rtato ofthingt. I think with the Right Hon. Gent opposite, (Mr. Tierney) nnd 1 hail his declaration ?" with joy. that there ta nothing in the state . of the Country to make ua despair. (Load cheers.) I think with him, that <rar trade* and our commerce are atill on a securei nn?l * firm baaia. 1 feel. Sir, tiiat the preapettygi, of the eouetry remain* in the aame atate,: ? and although its eprings mav for the mo- ? moot be depressed, it will, I have no doubt. In e short time recover and that atate bf confidence be reatored, which makea eve ry man rely oo the iodoatry and support of his neighbor: a confidence whkh is the* true aonrco of national prosperity and of commercial greatness. I trust. Sir, I shall ' li?e to aee the day whentUe operation of ' these principles which we Oow advocato from the conviction of their" utility Will ,1 product the happy results which we to warmly anticipate. and whether in pobtto lor In private life, all the consolation re quired under the weight of obloquy now heaped on me, ia that the House end the. public abould hereafter feel grateful iooa, for having b the hoOr of trial remained firm jin the adoption of thoae measures which | have already teceived the approbation of l Paitiament end which in my conscienceJt believe to be calculated to promote the beat interest* of the country.?[The fright Hon. Gentleman resumed his aeat 'amtdat general cheering.} Hf. A. Baring then rote amidst cries of M Adjourn.** He was sensible of (he great dumlrBntnpM under which he cUimed lb# attention of the House, after the powerful aftd eloquent address which they bed just board. (Cries of adjoaru from ell part* of the House.] (he I frno for Cored Mr Secretary Canning.?-If* Sir, question to be discussed were only (he (Jon of the Honornble Member for Co try, it might, perhaps, be disposed of |o< t night; but aa thespeecfi of my Right Hon. i, Friend his involved beneficially, I think ' for (he coentry, (be whole question of our commercial policy, nod which I should have no hesi(e(ion in allowing le 'stand or fall hy, I think, we ceunot well dispose of ? n matter of such magnitude at Ibis sitting* Tbe dsbele was (hen adjourned. In answer (o a question of Mr. Home, r.s lo whether the report on (he Promissory ? No(es Bill wss (o be discussed to morrow. The Chancsllor of (he Kscheqaer-setd, (he dehete ofto-nigh? having been so im portant ss to be adjmjrned, lie Would not bring on the question of the Promissory Notes Bill to-morrow, but suffer it to stand ever* The orders of the Oaywel^ th^n gone through and the House adjourned at aqufrir ler past eee o'clock. Mr. J***#? y?'i