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' SHERMAN IN SOUTH CAROLINA. Romberg Was in Line of March to Columbia in 1864. (Written by Miss Rosa Morrison and read by Miss Nannie Morrison i before the John C. Calhoun chapter, Clemson College.) f* In order to get a thorough understanding of Sherman's march through South Carolina we must know something of his work previous to that time. I will endeavor, therefore, to give a brief outline of it. At the beginning of tne year ist>4 there were only two Southern armies of any strength left in the field? > i Lee's forces upon the Rapidan and Johnston's in Daltan, Ga. Gen. ^ Grant determined to strike both armies at the same time. He accordingly ordered Gen. Sherman to go V * into the South and break up Johnston's army and to destroy as he went anything that could aid in the carrying on of the war. And he, with the forces of Gen. Meade, was to advance against Lee. j On May 4, 1864, Sherman, with 100,000 well equipped men, began the southward march. His objects were to reach Atlanta and to destroy Johnston'6 army on the way. After months of fighting, plundering and burning he reached Savannah on December 21. Here he remained five ? . weeKs in order to give his soldiers a ' - rest. On February 1 he crossed into South Carolina. Soon after his arrival the heavy winter rains began and delayed his march for about two weeks. For a time it was thought ^ he was going to advance either upon /: Charleston or Augusta and troops were sent to guard both places. Sherman had played upbn the fears of 1 the people for the express purpose of drawing the troops away from Co|l lufnbia, and as he soon saw that it was practically without defenders he turned his army in that direction. At that moment began a march which has never been equaled in hisI tory. The ifcen were given unrestrictI ed license to burn and plunder. The empty granaries, barnyards, poultry houses and the number of blackened chimneys along ^the march told only \ too well that they had not let their opportunities pass. f -V This State Worst Sufferer. Susan P. Lee, in her history of the z /United States, say6: ? "All that the armies had done in ! , I Mississippi, Louisiana, Georgia and even in the valley of Virginia was merciful compared to the outrages perpetrated in South Carolina. The course of the invading army could bo.marked afar off by the wide spreading columns of smoke which rose whereverv it. went. Dwelling houses, granaries, negro cabins, resin factories, the pine forests themselves Wfcre all set on fire. The sun was obscured by clouds of smoke and the, - night made light by the widespread! conflagration. Before burning the i . :"'T' soldiers rifled the houses of their contents. What took the fancy of the thieves was carried off, the rest j|y 'destroyed. Costly furniture and W; pianos were hewn to pieces, rich carpets, curtains and libraries were dragged through the mud and dust or scattered to the winds. Plate, watches, jewelry and clothing were ** taken, rings and earrings were torn from the fingers and ears of the help' nm<! less, ternnea women. xvesiscauuo auu remonstrance were met with oaths and threats of still worse treatment. ^ % Old men were tortured to make them tell where money or silver was hidden. The negroes were plundered as quickly as the whites. The gardens were dug up with bayonetts to probe for concealed treasures. One party followed another until the defense, less people were left without shelter ? or food. And these things were seen J not only without hindrance by the / officers, but were considered as comical. They even joined the privates in these expeditions, but put on citizen's dress in order to rob without % forfeiting their shoulder straps. iLittle resistance was offered to all this. It is true that Sherman met with some at Rivers Bridge, in Barnwell county, on February 3, and at Aiken on February 10, but it had no effect in staying his progress. On he swept towards Columbia, partially destroying on the way Barnwell, Blackj ville, Midway and Orangeburg. ^ On Wednesday, February 15, he r reached the western banks of the [ Congaree river, but the bridge had been destroyed, contrary to orders, by some pickets and the army was delayed two days while a pontoon bridge was being constructed. Attack Begun. \ N Early on Friday morning Gen. Sherman opened fire on the city from a battery which he had constructed in the night abQUt one mile west of r the capitol. No deaths occurred from r > it but several buildings were struck and five shots hit the west wing of the capitol. Soon after this the army began crossing the river. Dr. Goodwyn, the mayor, and several of the aldermen j went out to meet it. Dr. Goodwyn told Col. Stone, who was in command of the advance, that the city was in J' no condition to make any defense. Gen. Hampton had left the city as Sherman came in, thinking that there I would be less destruction if there were no defenders, and that he had come out to surrender it. In the course of their conversation Col. , Stone said: "Mr. Mayor, you can say ; to your people that they have noth- 3 ing to be afraid of, that they are as safe as if there was not a Yankee j within a thousand miles of them." ] About 11 o'clock the army entered . the city. On reaching the court house ] it was disbanded and soon the streets j were alive with soldiers, but they i were very orderly at first. About 1 ] o'clock the fire alarm sounded. It ] was found that about 60 bales of cot- ] ton which had been rolled out into ] the street were on fire. A few of the j citizens rushed to the spot and sue- , ceeded in putting it out. Just as it was about extinguished a drunken ,, soldier ran his bayonet into the hose; 1 instantly others joined in and soon the hose was entirely demolished. This was the cotton which Sherman , in his official report accused Gen. 1 Hampton of setting on fire and in . this way starting the fire which de- 1 stroyed the city. Gen. Hampton has proved beyond the shadow of a doubt { that he did not. An extract from . Sherman's memoirs will show the reason for this report: "In my of- , ficial report of this conflagration I ( distinctly charged it to Gen. Wade ( Hampton and confess I did so point- . edly to shake the faith of his people j in him, for he was, in my opinion, a ( braggart and professed to be the 1 special champion of South Carolina." Bank Breakers. About 2 o'clock the soldiers began i konnlrtrin' in + n + V? Q Konto Q T? H Gt/ITPS . Uicamii5 lULW WC k/aunu UUU uvui ?>/ and the destruction of valuable prop- < erty was beyond description. There , were usually only three banks in the city, but all the banks of Charleston and all of those in the interior, with the possible exception of one, had been moved there, as it was thought ' to be safe from attack. These banks, 1 about 14 in number, were filled with ; boxes of silver plate, bonds, deeds : and all kinds of valuable papers brought there by the refugees. These i were too bulky to be carried out of " the city and there were no teams to be had so that accounts for the large i amount of destruction. At about 7 o'clock in the evening j three rockets were seen to go up j from different parts of the city. It ; was soon known that it was a signal, for in a few minutes fires broke out in several places. A high wind was blowing and spread the fire from house to house. Where the distance was too great for it to spread in this way the soldiers, armed with pots of kerosene or turpentine and torches, set * fire to the houses, which, how- ] ever, were always rifled first. All night long the fire raged, and when 1 morning came there was only one lit- 1 tie cottage left on Main street. { Eighty-four squares containing 366 J acres had been destroyed. The streets ] were filled with homeless people, standing guard over all that remained of their worldly goods. The beautiful city lay in ruins, notwithstanding the fact that Gen. Sherman had promised that not a finger's breadth should be burned. The Roman Catholic/convent had shared the fate of the rest of the city, although it had the promise of special protection. The mother superior, who had educated Gen. Sherman's daughter, wrote to him while he was in Savannah imploring him to spare their institution and his answer assured her that it would not be destroyed. It is true that guards were placed over it but they were among the first to begin plundering it. On Monday morning Gen. Sherman heard that Gen. Hampton had also attacked the advance of his army at Killian's Mills, ten miles north of Columbia. That caused the hurried departure of the main body earlier 11 ? J A/1 nnil ?/\ Vlt TXT Q Q IU<111 WU5 1Uicuucu, auu iiu uuuui j, the reason that many doomed estate lishments were spared. Food for Starving. Before Sherman's departure the mayor asked him to 1/rve them something with which to feed the thousands of people who were in the city for practically everything had been destroyed. He promised to leave some cattle and 100 barrels of salt. This was probably the best thing he could have left, for the quality of beef was such that it lasted a long while. There were 560 head of cattle, the refuse and broken down part which could not be driven any j farther. As no food could be obI tained for them it was decided to i butcher them at once, but even with 30 men at work, 160 died before this could be accomplished. This meat was salted and a little given out to each family daily. Numbers of people lived for two weeks on corn pick- i ed from the ground where the horses < had been fed. z From Columbia Sherman marched ( toward Winnsboro, 30 miles away. The people of this little town heard ( that he was coming and the only men ? in the place, a lawyer, who on ac- i count of his great weight was unable < to enter the army, and a clergyman, i a paroled prisoner of war, decided to j RUSSIANS ACHIEVE VICTORIES. Petrograd Claims Occupation of Entire Austrian Crown Lands. The Russians have conquered the svhole of the Austrian Crown land of Bukowina and the Austro-Hungarians are making their way toward the Carpathian passes. Kimpolung, in the southern' part of Bukowina, has-been occupied by the Russians md the Austrians have fallen back between that town and Jacobeny, and to the northwest have evacuated the heights south of Betrometti and Wiznie, along the River Pruth, in their line toward Kolomea, the Russians have captured Wilischoff and Toulounoff. The Austrians lost heavily in men taken prisoners and in war stores left behind in their retreat. In Volhynia Petrograd records the capture of a redoubt near Czartorysk, the repulse of attacks southwest of Lutsk and an advance north of Radziviloff, while Berlin reports the putting down of Russian attacks to the east of Vladimir-Volynski and west of Dubno. Heavy fighting continues throughout this entire region. The French attacks during Saturday night recaptured from the Germans trenches west of the Thiaumont redoubt, northeast of Verdun, and also made some progress in the village 3f Fleury, according to the war office communication. Sunday saw no infantry activity in the Verdun region, but the bombardment on both sides nf 'Monoo nnnti'nnoc withrmt in {J J. til Q 111 V/ UUV> VVUUAJU MVlt/ AVMW % V ? ? terruption. A Teutonic allied submarine has sunk the Italian auxiliary cruiser Citti di Messina and the French torpedo boat destroyer Fourche in the . Strait of Otranto, off the southeastern 7 i coast of Italy. No Disappointment Here. ^ A New York lawyer tells of a man ^ who had been convicted of stealing; J by a certain "Down-East" Judge, jl well known for his tender-hearted- * oess. 1 "Have you ever been sentenced to imprisonment?" asked the judge, not unkindly. "Never!" exclaimed the prisoner, c suddenly bursting into tears. a "Well, well, don't try, my man," said his honor, consolingly, "you're p going to be now."?Cleveland Plain Dealer. s Ostriches can travel at a rate of ? more than IOC iles an hour. u Measures have been taken by the J Dutch authorities to prevent the ex- . termination of birds of paradise in v the Dutch East Indies. ! tho arm v halfway between Winnsboro and Columbia and petition Gen. Sherman to spare the little pillage. Abo\jt sundown they reach- J 3d the camp but were refused an t ludience with Gen. Sherman. Final- I ly one of the officers volunteered to take to him the plea, which was to ? the effect that as Winnsboro contain 3d no cotton in storage, and inhabit- p 3d only by women and children, the irmy be not permitted to burn and ? 3illage.it. Gen. Sherman's reply to t :his plea was, "Burn and pillage, be S iamned; my soldiers may do as they ^ please." The men began to protest J; igainst this reply,* but were warned . 3y one of the soldiers that they had 3etter cease or they might be put in> Q :o irons. Before leaving the camp w :hey were given the promise that the general's headquarters would be in t :he vicinity of the rectory, and that vould avail to save that part of the ^ :own. b On entering the village the army 1 narched through the residential sec- ti don without making any depreda- ? :ions, but when they reached the bus- ^ ness portion the work of pillage C jommenced. The torch was applied * md' soon the whole block was in _ lames. Bonfires were made of irackers which could not be bought :or less than $100 a box, and hams :hat brought $500 each. > Winnsboro Sacked. ^ a The business portion having been b aid waste, they entered the homes p ;hat were outside the precinct of the h 3ed of food and treasure and in a p leadquarters. These were soon rob)ed of food and treasure, and in a 1 ?reat many instances were set on fire. J m-iran thp eravps wftro not soared. ~ AJ W VIA v**v ? ? ? A My father, who was then a small boy G )f the village, says that late one af- J ;ernoon he saw them dig into the ?rave of a Confederate soldier who lad been buried a few days before. t is supposed that they thought per- c laps some one' had buried treasure u here. The work of destruction finished 0 here, Sherman marched on towards e Cheraw, as usual leaving desolation ind famine in his trail. Here he n ;aptured a large supply of guns and q immunition that had been sent from a Charleston for safekeeping. F s This was his last attack in South ~ Carolina. From Cheraw he moved igainst Greensboro and his work in h South Carolina was ended. But the 8 effect of that march was felt for ^ many years and some of the marks ire still to be seen. [ The Glernso I SOUTH CAROLINA'S SC m One of the largest and best equippe | of land. Value of plant over $1,300 I Every county in South Carolina Rep instruction. New and Modern buildij jl Courses of Study i || ^Agriculture (8Courses), Chem-^ || istry, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Textile En18 gineering, Architectural EnginM eering. ? H Four-Weeks Summer Course H in Agriculture. Jj Four-Weeks Summer Course If in Cotton Grading. H Two-year Course in Textiles. II One-Year Course in Agricul|3 ~ (Oct. 10th to June 8th.) ?8 Requirements of ^ | Admission ___ y 9 'No student will be admitted to |] the Freshman Class who is not II at least 16 years old at the time LI of entrance. m An honorable discharge from f | the last school or college attend$1 ed is required. ?1 The college no longer main? |1 tains a preparatory class. U Details as to scholastic requireS| meats furnished on application. v NEXTS] I .Write at H Clem son College, S. C., for Catalc RUB-MY-TI5m I Will cure your Rheumatism I Neuralgia, Headaches, * Cramps, I Bolic, Sprains, Bruises, Cuts and I Burns, Old Sores, Stings of Insects g Stc. Antiseptic Anodyne, used in- I ernally and externally. Price 25c. I 785 1916 I COLLEGE OF CHARLESTON I South Carolina's Oldest College. I 132nd Year Begins September 29. I Entrance examinations at all the - I ounty seats Friday, July 14, at 9 I .. m. I Four-year courses lead to the B. I l. and B. S. degrees/ A two-year I re-medical course is given. I A free tuition scholarship is as- I igned to each county of the State. I Spacious buildings and athletic I rounds, well equipped laboratories, | nexcelled library facilities. I Expenses moderate. For terms I nd catalogue address I IARRISON RANDOLPH, President. I Jniversity of South Carolina I Entrance Examinations. I Entrance examinations to the Uni- I ersity of South Carolina will be held I >y the County Superintendent of Ed- I ication at the county court house I Friday, July 14th, 1916. I The /University offers varied I ourses of study in science, litera- I ure, history, law and business. The I xpenses are moderate and many op- I ortunies for self-support are af- I j'eioqos jo aaqranu eSJni y *pepjoj | hips are available. Graduates of I olleges in this State receive free tui- I ion in all courses except in the I Jchool of Law. For full particulars | srrite to the PRESIDENT, UNIVER- I !ITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA, Co- I umbia, S. C. 7-5. I NOTICE. I Itate of South Carolina?County of I Bamberg. I To all whom it may concern, please I ake notice: I That the undersigned has lost a I ertificate of the capital stock of the I lamberg Banking Company, of Bam- 1 erg, S. C., said certificate being No. I 95, and also a certificate of the capi- I al stock of the Cotton Oil Company, I f Bamberg, S. C., said certificate be- I ag No. 72, and application will be I lade to said Bank and to said Cotton I >il Company on August 15th, 1916, 1 or a duplicate certificate of eacn. -27. MRS. SALLIE R. OWENS. NOTICE. A deaf and dumb negro woman bout 50 years old left my house at Jorth, S. C., on the evening of the th of June, and was last heard from t Denmark, S. C. She has no teeth, as a dark skin, weight about 135 ounds. Any information leading to er whereabouts will be highly apreciated by the undersigned. W. H. VARN. North, Orangeburg Co., June 19th, 916. >rives Out Malaria, Builds Up System he Old Standard general strengthening tonic, rROVE'S TASTELESS chill TONIC, drives out Ialaria,esriches the blood.and builds up the sys* sm. A true tonic. For adults and children. 50c. CITATION NOTICE. The State of South Carolina? iounty of Bamberg?By Geo. P. Haraon, Esq., Judge of Probate. Whereas, Mrs. Donnie Carter, hath lade suit to me to grant her letters f administration of the estate of and fleets of Adam D. Carter, deceased. These are therefore to cite and adlonish all and singular the kindred nd creditors of the said Adam D. larter, deceased, that they be nd aDDear before me in the Court of robate, to be held at Bamberg, on aturday, July 15th, next, after pubcation thereof, at 11 o'clock in the Drenoon, to show cause, if any they Lave, why the said administration hould not be granted. * Given under my hand and seal this 7th day of June, A. D., 1916. GEO. P. HARMON, Judge of Probate. - ~ n Agricultural College1 :hool of engineering and agriculture. I BaB td Agricultural and Mechanical Colleges in the South. 1,554 Acres Pi ?,000. Over 120 teachers, officers and assistants. Enrollment, 950. ||| >resented. 13 Degree Courses." 4 Short^Courses. 26 Departmentsjof g|j ugs, equipment a,uu bu.uiuu.liuu. i Religious Influences Scholarships and flj The College contributes to the' Examinations I i CiWthZftatiM tural and Textile Courses, and 51 B fend^y School and Y. M. C. I &JSS ?ne Yew Agricultural | with two salaried Secretaries. A 1 il ;? r*v. tuii IS $75,000 Y. M. C. A. Building was ^ rro? .?,^n ^L]^A Rl completed January 1916. and free tuition. Scholanhp and HI ^ J - I entrance examinations are held at |Tj f* ^ the county court houses at 9 A. M M. July 14. Write for full infor- M The cost for any of theTwelW mation in regard to the scholar- H regular four year courses or the snips open to your county next |&| Two Year Textile course is $149.10 session, and the laws governing |g per session. This amount covers ,e.lr awar(*; " ts tvorth your Eg uniforms, board, room, heat, light rvhde to try for one of these schoiU fcj water, laundry and all fees ex- enrshtp*. |j| cept tuition. Tuition is $40.00 ad- Those who are not seeking to 19 ditional, to those who are able to enter on scholarships are advised g ' 1* _ _ . to stand examinations on July Pa The cost of the One-Year Agri- 14 ther than wait ^ th U cultural Course is $122.05. This ' . . . pi amount covers the same items as come to College in the fall, KJ are listed above. Credit will be given for exami- 13 The cost of the Four-Weeks nations passed at the county l|| Summer Courses is $19.00. seat. ni ESSION OPENS SEPTEMBER 20,19161 ' .* "1 once to W. M. RIGGS, President I 'r:; ig, Scholarship Blanks, etc. If yon delay, yon may be crowded oat H . -J I -,i Can You Read It ? This is not a puzzle. It is plain as can be?if you . 1 know how to read it. We Will Give You a Nice Little Prize if You Will f Givo lie flip fnrrprt Snlntinn . UIIV WW Mav vwia ww?p WW.?..--. _ Bottom Left j There are ten words printed plainly in this little I * circle. It is only a matter of knowing how?or I studying it until you do?and then you can readily I read it. These ten words give you the name of a I nationally advertised article and tell you a little I something about that article. I IF YOU CAN READ IT Y A fill out the blank lines below, telling us the solu- I tion, and send to us. We will send to the first I twenty-five answering a little book that contains a I whole lot of valuable information?information I that you would not know where to look to find else- I y where?all told briefly and put so that anybody I can understand it. This is no advertising booklet, I but would cost you money if you had to buy it. | - - ? - ? IF YOU CANNOT READ IT I |g tell us so on the blank below, and if there are any books left when we get your reply, we will send you one anyway, together with instructions as to bow to read it. Get busy?send in your reply today?tomorrow may be too late. ' vas THE HERALD BOOK STORE I BAMBERG, S. C. 3 Name ? J| Postoffice R. F. i) a The words in the circle are: I I 3 I ~ * Y? / ^ga i '1 - -<-:--v|3a . g - "fv... ... . .Aii. w_. ? ' f -?r>J&d