The Bamberg herald. (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, June 29, 1916, Page 3, Image 3
' SHERMAN IN SOUTH CAROLINA.
Romberg Was in Line of March to
Columbia in 1864.
(Written by Miss Rosa Morrison
and read by Miss Nannie Morrison
i before the John C. Calhoun chapter,
Clemson College.)
f* In order to get a thorough understanding
of Sherman's march
through South Carolina we must
know something of his work previous
to that time. I will endeavor, therefore,
to give a brief outline of it.
At the beginning of tne year ist>4
there were only two Southern armies
of any strength left in the field?
> i Lee's forces upon the Rapidan and
Johnston's in Daltan, Ga. Gen.
^ Grant determined to strike both
armies at the same time. He accordingly
ordered Gen. Sherman to go
V * into the South and break up Johnston's
army and to destroy as he
went anything that could aid in the
carrying on of the war. And he,
with the forces of Gen. Meade, was
to advance against Lee.
j On May 4, 1864, Sherman, with
100,000 well equipped men, began
the southward march. His objects
were to reach Atlanta and to destroy
Johnston'6 army on the way. After
months of fighting, plundering and
burning he reached Savannah on December
21. Here he remained five
? . weeKs in order to give his soldiers a
' - rest.
On February 1 he crossed into
South Carolina. Soon after his arrival
the heavy winter rains began
and delayed his march for about two
weeks. For a time it was thought
^ he was going to advance either upon
/: Charleston or Augusta and troops
were sent to guard both places. Sherman
had played upbn the fears of
1 the people for the express purpose of
drawing the troops away from Co|l
lufnbia, and as he soon saw that it
was practically without defenders he
turned his army in that direction.
At that moment began a march
which has never been equaled in hisI
tory. The ifcen were given unrestrictI
ed license to burn and plunder. The
empty granaries, barnyards, poultry
houses and the number of blackened
chimneys along ^the march told only
\ too well that they had not let their
opportunities pass.
f -V This State Worst Sufferer.
Susan P. Lee, in her history of the
z /United States, say6:
? "All that the armies had done in
! , I
Mississippi, Louisiana, Georgia and
even in the valley of Virginia was
merciful compared to the outrages
perpetrated in South Carolina. The
course of the invading army could
bo.marked afar off by the wide
spreading columns of smoke which
rose whereverv it. went. Dwelling
houses, granaries, negro cabins, resin
factories, the pine forests themselves
Wfcre all set on fire. The sun was obscured
by clouds of smoke and the,
- night made light by the widespread!
conflagration. Before burning the i
. :"'T'
soldiers rifled the houses of their
contents. What took the fancy of
the thieves was carried off, the rest
j|y 'destroyed. Costly furniture and
W; pianos were hewn to pieces, rich carpets,
curtains and libraries were
dragged through the mud and dust
or scattered to the winds. Plate,
watches, jewelry and clothing were
** taken, rings and earrings were torn
from the fingers and ears of the help'
nm<!
less, ternnea women. xvesiscauuo auu
remonstrance were met with oaths
and threats of still worse treatment.
^ % Old men were tortured to make them
tell where money or silver was hidden.
The negroes were plundered as
quickly as the whites. The gardens
were dug up with bayonetts to probe
for concealed treasures. One party
followed another until the defense,
less people were left without shelter
? or food. And these things were seen
J not only without hindrance by the
/ officers, but were considered as comical.
They even joined the privates
in these expeditions, but put on citizen's
dress in order to rob without
% forfeiting their shoulder straps.
iLittle resistance was offered to all
this. It is true that Sherman met
with some at Rivers Bridge, in Barnwell
county, on February 3, and at
Aiken on February 10, but it had no
effect in staying his progress. On he
swept towards Columbia, partially destroying
on the way Barnwell, Blackj
ville, Midway and Orangeburg.
^ On Wednesday, February 15, he
r reached the western banks of the
[ Congaree river, but the bridge had
been destroyed, contrary to orders,
by some pickets and the army was
delayed two days while a pontoon
bridge was being constructed.
Attack Begun.
\ N Early on Friday morning Gen.
Sherman opened fire on the city from
a battery which he had constructed
in the night abQUt one mile west of
r the capitol. No deaths occurred from
r > it but several buildings were struck
and five shots hit the west wing of
the capitol.
Soon after this the army began
crossing the river. Dr. Goodwyn, the
mayor, and several of the aldermen j
went out to meet it. Dr. Goodwyn
told Col. Stone, who was in command
of the advance, that the city was in
J'
no condition to make any defense.
Gen. Hampton had left the city as
Sherman came in, thinking that there I
would be less destruction if there
were no defenders, and that he had
come out to surrender it. In the
course of their conversation Col. ,
Stone said: "Mr. Mayor, you can say ;
to your people that they have noth- 3
ing to be afraid of, that they are as
safe as if there was not a Yankee j
within a thousand miles of them." ]
About 11 o'clock the army entered .
the city. On reaching the court house ]
it was disbanded and soon the streets j
were alive with soldiers, but they i
were very orderly at first. About 1 ]
o'clock the fire alarm sounded. It ]
was found that about 60 bales of cot- ]
ton which had been rolled out into ]
the street were on fire. A few of the j
citizens rushed to the spot and sue- ,
ceeded in putting it out. Just as it
was about extinguished a drunken ,,
soldier ran his bayonet into the hose; 1
instantly others joined in and soon
the hose was entirely demolished.
This was the cotton which Sherman ,
in his official report accused Gen. 1
Hampton of setting on fire and in .
this way starting the fire which de- 1
stroyed the city. Gen. Hampton has
proved beyond the shadow of a doubt {
that he did not. An extract from .
Sherman's memoirs will show the
reason for this report: "In my of- ,
ficial report of this conflagration I (
distinctly charged it to Gen. Wade (
Hampton and confess I did so point- .
edly to shake the faith of his people j
in him, for he was, in my opinion, a (
braggart and professed to be the 1
special champion of South Carolina."
Bank Breakers.
About 2 o'clock the soldiers began i
konnlrtrin' in + n + V? Q Konto Q T? H Gt/ITPS .
Uicamii5 lULW WC k/aunu UUU uvui ?>/
and the destruction of valuable prop- <
erty was beyond description. There ,
were usually only three banks in the
city, but all the banks of Charleston
and all of those in the interior, with
the possible exception of one, had
been moved there, as it was thought '
to be safe from attack. These banks, 1
about 14 in number, were filled with ;
boxes of silver plate, bonds, deeds :
and all kinds of valuable papers
brought there by the refugees. These i
were too bulky to be carried out of "
the city and there were no teams to
be had so that accounts for the large i
amount of destruction.
At about 7 o'clock in the evening j
three rockets were seen to go up j
from different parts of the city. It ;
was soon known that it was a signal,
for in a few minutes fires broke out
in several places. A high wind was
blowing and spread the fire from
house to house. Where the distance
was too great for it to spread in this
way the soldiers, armed with pots of
kerosene or turpentine and torches,
set * fire to the houses, which, how- ]
ever, were always rifled first. All
night long the fire raged, and when 1
morning came there was only one lit- 1
tie cottage left on Main street. {
Eighty-four squares containing 366 J
acres had been destroyed. The streets ]
were filled with homeless people,
standing guard over all that remained
of their worldly goods. The beautiful
city lay in ruins, notwithstanding
the fact that Gen. Sherman had
promised that not a finger's breadth
should be burned.
The Roman Catholic/convent had
shared the fate of the rest of the
city, although it had the promise of
special protection. The mother superior,
who had educated Gen. Sherman's
daughter, wrote to him while
he was in Savannah imploring him to
spare their institution and his answer
assured her that it would not be destroyed.
It is true that guards were
placed over it but they were among
the first to begin plundering it.
On Monday morning Gen. Sherman
heard that Gen. Hampton had also attacked
the advance of his army at
Killian's Mills, ten miles north of
Columbia. That caused the hurried
departure of the main body earlier
11 ? J A/1 nnil ?/\ Vlt TXT Q Q
IU<111 WU5 1Uicuucu, auu iiu uuuui j,
the reason that many doomed estate
lishments were spared.
Food for Starving.
Before Sherman's departure the
mayor asked him to 1/rve them
something with which to feed the
thousands of people who were in the
city for practically everything had
been destroyed. He promised to
leave some cattle and 100 barrels of
salt. This was probably the best
thing he could have left, for the quality
of beef was such that it lasted a
long while. There were 560 head of
cattle, the refuse and broken down
part which could not be driven any
j farther. As no food could be obI
tained for them it was decided to
i butcher them at once, but even with
30 men at work, 160 died before this
could be accomplished. This meat
was salted and a little given out to
each family daily. Numbers of people
lived for two weeks on corn pick- i
ed from the ground where the horses <
had been fed. z
From Columbia Sherman marched (
toward Winnsboro, 30 miles away.
The people of this little town heard (
that he was coming and the only men ?
in the place, a lawyer, who on ac- i
count of his great weight was unable <
to enter the army, and a clergyman, i
a paroled prisoner of war, decided to j
RUSSIANS ACHIEVE VICTORIES.
Petrograd Claims Occupation of Entire
Austrian Crown Lands.
The Russians have conquered the
svhole of the Austrian Crown land of
Bukowina and the Austro-Hungarians
are making their way toward
the Carpathian passes. Kimpolung,
in the southern' part of Bukowina,
has-been occupied by the Russians
md the Austrians have fallen back
between that town and Jacobeny, and
to the northwest have evacuated the
heights south of Betrometti and Wiznie,
along the River Pruth, in their
line toward Kolomea, the Russians
have captured Wilischoff and Toulounoff.
The Austrians lost heavily
in men taken prisoners and in war
stores left behind in their retreat.
In Volhynia Petrograd records the
capture of a redoubt near Czartorysk,
the repulse of attacks southwest of
Lutsk and an advance north of
Radziviloff, while Berlin reports the
putting down of Russian attacks to
the east of Vladimir-Volynski and
west of Dubno. Heavy fighting continues
throughout this entire region.
The French attacks during Saturday
night recaptured from the Germans
trenches west of the Thiaumont
redoubt, northeast of Verdun, and also
made some progress in the village
3f Fleury, according to the war office
communication. Sunday saw no infantry
activity in the Verdun region,
but the bombardment on both sides
nf 'Monoo nnnti'nnoc withrmt in
{J J. til Q 111 V/ UUV> VVUUAJU MVlt/ AVMW % V ? ?
terruption.
A Teutonic allied submarine has
sunk the Italian auxiliary cruiser
Citti di Messina and the French torpedo
boat destroyer Fourche in the .
Strait of Otranto, off the southeastern
7 i
coast of Italy.
No Disappointment Here. ^
A New York lawyer tells of a man ^
who had been convicted of stealing; J
by a certain "Down-East" Judge, jl
well known for his tender-hearted- *
oess. 1
"Have you ever been sentenced to
imprisonment?" asked the judge, not
unkindly.
"Never!" exclaimed the prisoner, c
suddenly bursting into tears. a
"Well, well, don't try, my man,"
said his honor, consolingly, "you're p
going to be now."?Cleveland Plain
Dealer. s
Ostriches can travel at a rate of ?
more than IOC iles an hour. u
Measures have been taken by the J
Dutch authorities to prevent the ex- .
termination of birds of paradise in v
the Dutch East Indies. !
tho arm v halfway between
Winnsboro and Columbia and petition
Gen. Sherman to spare the little
pillage. Abo\jt sundown they reach- J
3d the camp but were refused an t
ludience with Gen. Sherman. Final- I
ly one of the officers volunteered to
take to him the plea, which was to ?
the effect that as Winnsboro contain
3d no cotton in storage, and inhabit- p
3d only by women and children, the irmy
be not permitted to burn and ?
3illage.it. Gen. Sherman's reply to t
:his plea was, "Burn and pillage, be S
iamned; my soldiers may do as they ^
please." The men began to protest J;
igainst this reply,* but were warned .
3y one of the soldiers that they had
3etter cease or they might be put in>
Q
:o irons. Before leaving the camp w
:hey were given the promise that the
general's headquarters would be in t
:he vicinity of the rectory, and that
vould avail to save that part of the ^
:own. b
On entering the village the army 1
narched through the residential sec- ti
don without making any depreda- ?
:ions, but when they reached the bus- ^
ness portion the work of pillage C
jommenced. The torch was applied *
md' soon the whole block was in _
lames. Bonfires were made of
irackers which could not be bought
:or less than $100 a box, and hams
:hat brought $500 each. >
Winnsboro Sacked. ^
a
The business portion having been b
aid waste, they entered the homes p
;hat were outside the precinct of the h
3ed of food and treasure and in a p
leadquarters. These were soon rob)ed
of food and treasure, and in a 1
?reat many instances were set on fire. J
m-iran thp eravps wftro not soared. ~
AJ W VIA v**v ? ? ? A
My father, who was then a small boy G
)f the village, says that late one af- J
;ernoon he saw them dig into the ?rave
of a Confederate soldier who
lad been buried a few days before.
t is supposed that they thought per- c
laps some one' had buried treasure u
here.
The work of destruction finished 0
here, Sherman marched on towards e
Cheraw, as usual leaving desolation
ind famine in his trail. Here he n
;aptured a large supply of guns and q
immunition that had been sent from a
Charleston for safekeeping. F
s
This was his last attack in South ~
Carolina. From Cheraw he moved
igainst Greensboro and his work in h
South Carolina was ended. But the 8
effect of that march was felt for ^
many years and some of the marks
ire still to be seen.
[ The Glernso
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I Every county in South Carolina Rep
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COLLEGE OF CHARLESTON I
South Carolina's Oldest College. I
132nd Year Begins September 29. I
Entrance examinations at all the - I
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Four-year courses lead to the B. I
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Jniversity of South Carolina I
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Itate of South Carolina?County of I
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To all whom it may concern, please I
ake notice: I
That the undersigned has lost a I
ertificate of the capital stock of the I
lamberg Banking Company, of Bam- 1
erg, S. C., said certificate being No. I
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-27. MRS. SALLIE R. OWENS.
NOTICE.
A deaf and dumb negro woman
bout 50 years old left my house at
Jorth, S. C., on the evening of the
th of June, and was last heard from
t Denmark, S. C. She has no teeth,
as a dark skin, weight about 135
ounds. Any information leading to
er whereabouts will be highly apreciated
by the undersigned.
W. H. VARN.
North, Orangeburg Co., June 19th,
916.
>rives Out Malaria, Builds Up System
he Old Standard general strengthening tonic,
rROVE'S TASTELESS chill TONIC, drives out
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CITATION NOTICE.
The State of South Carolina?
iounty of Bamberg?By Geo. P. Haraon,
Esq., Judge of Probate.
Whereas, Mrs. Donnie Carter, hath
lade suit to me to grant her letters
f administration of the estate of and
fleets of Adam D. Carter, deceased.
These are therefore to cite and adlonish
all and singular the kindred
nd creditors of the said Adam D.
larter, deceased, that they be
nd aDDear before me in the Court of
robate, to be held at Bamberg, on
aturday, July 15th, next, after pubcation
thereof, at 11 o'clock in the
Drenoon, to show cause, if any they
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Given under my hand and seal this
7th day of June, A. D., 1916.
GEO. P. HARMON,
Judge of Probate.
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Religious Influences Scholarships and flj
The College contributes to the' Examinations I i
CiWthZftatiM tural and Textile Courses, and 51 B
fend^y School and Y. M. C. I &JSS ?ne Yew Agricultural |
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The cost for any of theTwelW mation in regard to the scholar- H
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cept tuition. Tuition is $40.00 ad- Those who are not seeking to 19
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The cost of the One-Year Agri- 14 ther than wait ^ th U
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are listed above. Credit will be given for exami- 13
The cost of the Four-Weeks nations passed at the county l||
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