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* THE PEOPLE, BARVWELL. 8. C. WATER TROUGHS EASY TO RUILD / Good Plan to Select Well Drained Site to Prevent Stock From Making Mud Holes. ALSO PACK AND LEVEL LAND Cement Wash Can Be Applied With Brush or Broom and Makes Smooth Surface and Alto Irv- suree Water-Tightness. (By W. Q. Kaiser, Agricultural Engineer.) The construction of n concrete trough like that shown In the drawing is not a difficult tusk and any funner can build it. A watering trough should lie placed on well drained ground, because under the best of conditions the livestock will Tn time make mud boles unless a plat form is built, or the holes around the trough are tilled in as soon us they are made. Sometimes It Is advisable to put the trough on a small knoll In order that the water will quickly drain away. The ground under the trough should not only he drained hut also leveled and packed. - « Outsids Form of Trough. The outside forma of the trough are made of one Inch board* and • by 4- IncS pieces as shown In the drawing. After these forms have been securely braced, the concrete can be ilepnalted in the 1x4Ion to half the depth of the flour. Krlnforcetnent consisting of At loch round n«ls are then placed on tbr partly mnstnictrd floor Thear rods are hent In *'U~ shat* •** Ahat the ends will project up Into the sldoa and reinforce the walla All the rods • re hent to the proper shape before any •••«. rote work ta started, no that they •an he quietly pot In and the rw nslnder of the nmrvrir fluoT placed w I'hout deiay or making any >dnu The Itaetde f ••rw w hirb has boon mo<V peevlawo to ml ting any of the rvwcretr ts then qoUkly lowered In I*' tor pla<e swd fastened to the owt side f»ems with rtnmpa aa shown In the •treeing Mpned la noc<maBtry In ■edre l he I the walla eww quickly he ptO*»'I o> I here will ho a s«r»wg h»md beSoeew * s >te nwd th» -ra isuweo water Tigntseau la •edee t* twswfe • stee tigMweaq a I 3 S seittwre ^-o^rete Is ei ■"■a Warn Jed Ih*s moans 1 se. a o' te • rwhlr feet —t swsd and ) C BEEKEEPING OFFERS BIG OPPORTUNITIES Clover Region Particularly Adapt ed to Industry. i, THE HOME RADIO How to Make and Ute It b ''L2!'*ILYKS1 u - AIR-GAPS AND LIGHTNING SWITCHES Few Places in Which It Is Not PossU bis to Koep Honey Gatherers With Good Profit Under Proper Management. (Prepared by the Cnltwl Hiatus Dcpsrtmrnt of AKrlrultur*.) The clover region of the United Staten, offers splendid opportunities tot beekeeping. These possibilities, to gether with the requirements neces sary for the success of the undertak ing, are discussed .n a recent publica tion of the United States Department of Agriculture,. Farmers’ Bulletin 11115, Beekeeping In the (Mover Region, K. F. Phillips and (leoi'ge S< Denmth of the division of Bee-Culture Investi gations. While not all parts of the clover region are equally good, there are few places, it is pointed out, in ■which It Is not possible to keep bees with profit under proper management The typical clover region occupies the northeastern part 6f the United States, extending west Into Minnesota and south approximately to the,Ohio river and Mason and Dixon’s line. It appears on the west coast In Wash ington and Oregon. In both east and west the region extends Into Canada, A great many people are very much afraid of lightning following an aei'lal and injuring the premises, for they seem td tMnk that the wires “atfact" lightning, just as many people with Intelligence and education still believe thtyt steel knives or hardware or wire netting window screens “attract” the lightning. As a matter of faqt, none of these things “attract” the lightning, hut merely form a convenient conduc tor to enable the lightning to ground Itself. Lightning-rods are designed for the same purpose and a properly In stalled aerial, Instead of Jeopardizing ft building. Is really an excellent safe guard and makes a splendid lightning rod. Lightning strikes a building or object when. It is trying to find a way to the earth and If the object struck is a good conductor of sufficient ca pacity It does no damage. For this reason, houses covered with wire net ting and climbing vines are far safer than those which are bare, and steel buildings, such as the New York sky scrapers, steel bridges, elevated struc tures, iron smokestacks and chimneys, iron steamships and railway tracks are seldom Injured by lightning al though frequently “struck’*; the reason being that the electricity passes through them freely without encoun tering resistance. On the other hand, wooden buildings, trees and human helnga are poor conductors and when dry are almost non-conductors of electricity, and when the lightning tries to follow such objects to ground, the reolatonce la so great that serious damage is done. It la exactly like forc ing water through a pipe If yon ha«« n powerful at ream of wafer or a groat rot a mo of water and provide a pipe large enough for It •« flow freely* the pip* will not be Injured, even If It la very light and frail; whereaa. If yon attempted to force the eome at ream or aame volume through a aMeh •mailer or clogged pipe, (he pipe would he haft or the water w*mld overflow afld. Am*! the aarrowwdlaga gtattotVa proio that a* far as aerials are rvowrmed there la aa danger and records of fires or Injuries from nerlala during thunder storms are extremely rare. During an electrical storm the Instruments cannot he Used owing to the “static’’ or electricity In the air and the confusion of currents, waves and inductance, and by Installing a lightning-switch or an air-gap there will be no danger to the premises. In fact, k- properly Installed aerial does not affect the rate of insurance and If installed in accordance with the regulations of the local fire de partment you may be sure there is not the least danger. The fire de partment records of New York City do not show a single Instance of con flagrations started by aerials aiW: lightning. The simplest and best safeguard for receiving aerials Is the air-gap shown In Fig. 16. This consists of two metal attachments separated by about one-eighth of an Inch A-B, one of which (A) la attached to the lead-in wire (the wire to set being fastened to It also) while the other (B) Is con nected by a wlrg to the ground dl rect. -This gap Is mounted In much the same manner as a lightning- switch, Fig. 17 (on a window sill ot other convenient spot), in which A shows connections to aerial, B to re ceiver and C to ground connection. When the station la not In use. or during thunder storms, the handle D Is thrown from A to C, this cutting off all connection between ‘the -lead-la wire and the instruments and connect Ing the aerlul.directly with the ground. Aerials for sending or transmlaatoa flta|loos are very different from tbnoe used for i^^Tnog oftly ant! should be of severs I wires The moot eOrtent Is probably the “rage" type shown la Fig. IM. but any of the other* Illustra ted la Figs. 19. and 31 will answer. 1 These sh-oild, of course, bo hilly In- I sainted and the various methods of I doing this nre well shown In the figures and require n— esplsnallnfl To I install sending ststb-ns a license la I required. whereas to fecvlte, no I drew so la newitem COUNTERPOISE v#u Got Tn # Tson Ficsbod it WiN l set •• Le*q ss Vow’ll Prebehiy Keqr s.#o H feet of |*M.le« -e . rushed Tt*e -iggregale* %b-*tjl*J be free fr*4n •tl-ks. m4I >4 foreign material, tmly en-tigh Henn nsler six-uld be u*ml tn lulling lo make concrete of a Jelly- like consistency As the «-«4»creto Is placed It should l<e »i>aded next to the forms In order j fo force the larger rock* hack Into the mass and let the mortar work out sgslnst the forms, resulting In h smooth, dense surfnee. As *4niii ms the concrete has hard ened sufficiently to tw* self sustaining, the Inside form Is removed and the Interior of the trough given a cement wash made by mixing cement and wa ter until It is about as thick as cream. This wash can he put on with an or dinary brush or broom. The w ash will make a smooth surface and Insure water-tightness. t The inside of the trough is given a alope outward toward the top. This Is important because If water freezes In the tank, the pressure will lift the tee and thereby prevent the formation of crack in the walls. For a trough of the size shown in the drawing, the following materials will be needed: Materials Required for Tank. Outside dimensions 3 ft. 2 inf by 8 ft. Walls ,2 ft. 8 In. hlsh. Floors 6 In. thick E» E—•< ywotlflw* wHnq Im J h sd the aalfcswal bowndwey j Ijwotsd sewn* of Iras value sfw fwwwfl 1 •wtsbfls those tomwdflfteu The wnlttrs fug boo* ssptng M j this roghiw afw flsfl hsdflfl etuim-d no • my*—*rty os la soSBfl “Shoo hen *e»p I i tog rrgv-om eg the -•-wnfry Three at# 1 tosi ovens (d i ho rfcsve* region m*4 aw- 1 r^wwioty i-*** or**t by hee^^ end eiws I mony plovsw whose. r**ms*o sw the . ssothooks ed hswhoopaag l-VWctlcesA Ifle j , 0|m»vs see Uiliad lo psvu4u>o tho J IdF^C | oaMhifsjflP |Uwi It§*• Id I|MH» I v vfUm l«F' fd'tS «illt» flill I iiMr •dill |Wr<lrf MvtldMftd H !• tw* | |to*«*t • ill rv-*wtl la a greater dev •* j •qonont ihr (adwsrrjr, Mmsuso «d | the pnwsut nt klwmpowa (—wlhsv*io| Ml I wom- |«afls of the rlwvor r» gbm and J |o*-ta!>> swso «d (hr *w|o , rh*r quel I tty ttf the llallsn fsee of hern the boo j Er* |o-r --f thl* regvw will And ll gwwt | |y tn his sdtsntsge to keep thlo '•• | rtoty. Itnltsn tmos i £>■■1 mnna^cmevit to larvae dead of I *ft f t> ocrzzrz “ * J U 1 Itri .oe wu M moy hr w< drvkw know •a hick. f*<C w tnrng • gr**u t*l* I th • ■Ml r to amt! • ‘ r Bflkg trs*i mml wlf li # r* th# knfter t#k# imi hr«t. —^ —— ran out the 1 t7*>Uldo of Installing the drvic p. This n ftmlhr***!. , lo bvransr the counterpoise. »h He add- re afw equal- t mg to the sharpness of tuning with -A and the to-e j receiving set and. therefore. aiding • tu get the j tn cutting •Hit Interference, w III also •*ut d«>* n the strength of the sounds may lo* had received. Therefore, with a crystal HaJ Y our Iron Today! - '\Vc3r § - v - ^ flElf o USI Ifl « SIN MAID - SEEDLESS 1 ij RAISINS i * Get Some - . , ' - y' ^ ' "i —energy and iron N EVER mind the vveath«r—get some new vitality—speed up any way. Don’t be a lagger. Vital men resist the heat. Let lit tle raisins help. 75 per cent pure fruit sugar. 145 calories of energiz- jng nutriment in every package— practically predigested so it gets to work almost immediately. No tax on digestion so it doesn’t heat the blood. Fatigue resisting food-iron alsol All natural and' good. Try it when you’re slipping — . when you yawn at 3 P.M. Stiffens up your backbone and makes thoughts flow again. # Two pocksgos and a (Um of milk f< sy Iwnck ynw’vo ovsv Irmd. Little Sun-Maids Bet ween-Me ml Raisins 5c Everywhere —in Little Red Packages Wo hoe tn# Pqin*. • toflpfTp mprpnmi I# Imp # fbaf ImmAfliii te Ite* sdsiiv"* I Kar|if•Hit, mbrn *4^*4r- tftMlt •§ M#n4 rp+r. “TW «Yte ■kjsttfflL fMMPHMi (CM# wH# to ko«r spTUM ••»*« p*MU • OMV ||r Is W->sr wf c«anf*r Jwry-kddy. rw^ng Mrs M gr A Now Mr** UsMik yam rr g»4 Ml «r •■wo (•4 hrT. gv.ad dl that Lm nr«*o Good A t< i Th# Swportativo M .n in* mnr to tbr b max r* •It tb(- fv] ft, t ], q 4lv# t••ii, D. C. r* Concrete Mixture 1:2:3 . Volume of Concrete ...... 1)4 cu. ya. Materials Required. Portland cement ... v 9 sacks Sand cu. yd. Pebbles or broken stone .1 cu. yd. )4-ln. round steel rods ...216 ft. (36\4 lb.) For each additional foot of length add to the foregoing quantities; Portland cement 1 sack t Sand ;.....2 cu.-ft Pebbles or broken stone . 3 cu. ft. )4-ln. round steel rods ...22 ft. (3^4 lb.> MILDEW WIPED 0FF LEATHER Damp Cloth or Soap and Warm Wa ter Will Be Fousd Satisfactory —Then Oil Lightly. When mildew has developed on leather goods It should he wiped off with a damp cloth or washed off with •nop and warm ngtor. and the leather oiled lightly with castor or •aat’hfurt all and wqM dned after wards frve ui"4t addressing a request t*» tlie set nlx-re sniplinratlon is ni*t |x*s- |H-i«rtmeut of Agriculture, Washing- slide, the device Is practically vslue- Inoa, wliereas, with a vacuum tube set with two or more steps of smpllflca- Bon. the counterpoise will prove a very distinct advantage. Many people •■•insider this device a complicated and difficult affair, hut In reality. It is as simple, if not simpler, than an .aerial. A favorite form of counterpoise con sists of several wires extending fan- wise ns shown In the figures, but a single wire will often give excellent results and the only way to deter mine the best number of wires to use is by experiment. Usually It is de sirable to place the counterpoise be low the aerial, hut this is by no means essential as it may be run in the op posite direction from the aerial and still work exactly as well, for the de vice has little or no connection with the aerial. In fact, Its action is more like that of a condenser, except that It Increases radiated energy, whereas, a condenser has a very small amount of radiation. It must also be borne tn mlqd that with a counterpoise no ground wire is required, the lead-in from the counterpoise being connected wdth the set at the spot where the ground wire is usually connected. In setting up a counterpoise It should be Just as well and as thoroughly in sulated as the aerial (Fig. 22), and the lead-in wire from It should be kept at some distance from the aerial lead-in to obviate losses by Induc tion between the two. The most de- slra.hle place for' # counterpoise 4a about three feet above fhfl- earth, but as this height la usttfllly Inconvenient, not -only on account of U being an obstruction, but because It may be Injured by people or animal* or asay be burled under snow In winter. It la brner to raise H ab*4it all feet, or -}o*i bfgle enough eo people may pasa th M_ Kioflt psota sttk gqy wires nre tke b**< *«|q»*ta • kotow*. If the am tl PROPER BALANCE TO MANURE Soms Farmer* Try Littls Experiment on Smell Piece of Land to Find Condition. It Is a pretty go«»d Idea, and one fol- Inwcd by a lot of hard-headed, prac tical farmers, to balance the barnyard manure a little' with either rock or acid phosphate. Barnyard manure Is a balanced ration when it comes to plant foods for some crops. That Is why some farmers try a little exp<*rl- ment on a half acre or so of ground just to see what their land lacks. About forty or fifty pounds of acid phosphate per ton of manure, or 400 to 500 pounds per acre, may be applied to a small part of the field, and the results will show whether It will pay to put the fertilizer on the whole field. It makes the acid phosphate easy to apply slrtiply to spread It ^verily on the top of each spreader load 6f manure so that each ton of the manure will carry with it the above mentioned amount of the phosphate. ALFALFA SEEDED IN SUMMER Considerable Succese Attained at Uni versity of Illinois in Rotation With Corn. Considerable succesn has been at tatned In seeding alfalfa on the dairy farm at the University of IlllnoU where a rotation of eorn for silage and alfalfa for hay are 'the principal crops. Fall wheat Ik sow* after (he corn It cut for the ellQ. The next year the wheat stubble le plowed as «**rt* and a very bed prepared. Tbs alfalfa ta Will Cut U. S Wire B'HS. The govrrnnirtit trlt-gmph bill will be mt several bundml •lotlsr* a jear by employing the “radio net.” which | links up nearly all army puots with { the War deportment. Acrvwdlng t« | plans of Major General Squler. chief, signal officer, a corps »f signal men, will flash ordinary messages to post: mmmnnilaiits via the ether instead of | by wire. Reveille May Be Broadcast. The most unpopular man in the army—the fellow who toots reveille on his bugle In the early morning hours—may lose his Job. This does not mean the reveille la to be elimi nated from army routine—quite the contrary, for It Is proposed that all calls be broadcasted by radio. -A-A-A-A-A-- p.q..q..q..n..q..A»A—A' TIPS TO THE RADIOIST Aerial wires should be spaced at least two' feet apart when used for transmission. 4 Daytime reception is not as good as night reception, because of the lonlxatlon of the ether caused by the light waves from the sun. Aluminum may replace the copper wire used In the antenna system. Kp. 22 enameled copper wire Is very good to use in the con struction of a tuning coil.- A .regenerative tuner is one using a vacuum tube In which part of the output energy Is fed back into the Input through suitable coupling means causing cumulative amplification. A loose coupler Id more selec tive than any of the slide tuning coll devices. Do not trifle with the lighting circuit aerial until you under stand alt abi>ut It. * Take a ttuie time In studying the tuning of your set before ft. Often yon nre At (bait Keep yo«r elarsge battery In •i srfwsyo ftttnd AN EXAMPLE OF GOODYEAR VALUE The 30 x Goodyear Cross Rib Tire shown here alongside its companion, the 30 x 3^ Goodyear All-Weather Tread Clincher, is a conspicuous example of - Goodyear value. The Goodyear Cross Rib has in it the same high grade Egyptian cotton fabric .. that goes into the AU-Weather Tread - . Goodyear. . ^ ^ It has a differently designed but long- wearing tread, and it sells for considerably less money. In the past five years more than 5,000,000 - of these Goodyear Cross Rib Tires have been sold. ° They have everywhere given remarkable service. Their fine performance and known value have convinced thousands of motorists of the folly of buying unknown and unguar anteed tires of lower price. Ask your Goodyear Service Station Dealer to explain their advantages. GOODYEAR O