The Barnwell people. (Barnwell, S.C.) 1884-1925, June 29, 1922, Image 6
*
THE PEOPLE, BARVWELL. 8. C.
WATER TROUGHS
EASY TO RUILD
/
Good Plan to Select Well Drained
Site to Prevent Stock From
Making Mud Holes.
ALSO PACK AND LEVEL LAND
Cement Wash Can Be Applied With
Brush or Broom and Makes
Smooth Surface and Alto Irv-
suree Water-Tightness.
(By W. Q. Kaiser, Agricultural Engineer.)
The construction of n concrete trough
like that shown In the drawing is
not a difficult tusk and any funner can
build it.
A watering trough should lie placed
on well drained ground, because under
the best of conditions the livestock will
Tn time make mud boles unless a plat
form is built, or the holes around the
trough are tilled in as soon us they
are made. Sometimes It Is advisable
to put the trough on a small knoll In
order that the water will quickly
drain away.
The ground under the trough should
not only he drained hut also leveled
and packed. - «
Outsids Form of Trough.
The outside forma of the trough are
made of one Inch board* and • by 4-
IncS pieces as shown In the drawing.
After these forms have been securely
braced, the concrete can be ilepnalted
in the 1x4Ion to half the depth of the
flour. Krlnforcetnent consisting of At
loch round n«ls are then placed on
tbr partly mnstnictrd floor Thear
rods are hent In *'U~ shat* •** Ahat
the ends will project up Into the sldoa
and reinforce the walla All the rods
• re hent to the proper shape before
any •••«. rote work ta started, no that
they •an he quietly pot In and the rw
nslnder of the nmrvrir fluoT placed
w I'hout deiay or making any >dnu
The Itaetde f ••rw w hirb has boon
mo<V peevlawo to ml ting any of the
rvwcretr ts then qoUkly lowered In
I*' tor pla<e swd fastened to the owt
side f»ems with rtnmpa aa shown In
the •treeing Mpned la noc<maBtry In
■edre l he I the walla eww quickly he
ptO*»'I o> I here will ho a s«r»wg h»md
beSoeew * s >te nwd th» -ra
isuweo water Tigntseau
la •edee t* twswfe • stee tigMweaq a
I 3 S seittwre ^-o^rete Is ei ■"■a
Warn Jed Ih*s moans 1 se. a o'
te • rwhlr feet —t swsd and ) C
BEEKEEPING OFFERS
BIG OPPORTUNITIES
Clover Region Particularly Adapt
ed to Industry. i,
THE HOME RADIO
How to Make and Ute It b ''L2!'*ILYKS1 u -
AIR-GAPS AND LIGHTNING SWITCHES
Few Places in Which It Is Not PossU
bis to Koep Honey Gatherers
With Good Profit Under
Proper Management.
(Prepared by the Cnltwl Hiatus Dcpsrtmrnt
of AKrlrultur*.)
The clover region of the United
Staten, offers splendid opportunities tot
beekeeping. These possibilities, to
gether with the requirements neces
sary for the success of the undertak
ing, are discussed .n a recent publica
tion of the United States Department
of Agriculture,. Farmers’ Bulletin 11115,
Beekeeping In the (Mover Region,
K. F. Phillips and (leoi'ge S< Denmth
of the division of Bee-Culture Investi
gations. While not all parts of the
clover region are equally good, there
are few places, it is pointed out, in
■which It Is not possible to keep bees
with profit under proper management
The typical clover region occupies
the northeastern part 6f the United
States, extending west Into Minnesota
and south approximately to the,Ohio
river and Mason and Dixon’s line. It
appears on the west coast In Wash
ington and Oregon. In both east and
west the region extends Into Canada,
A great many people are very much
afraid of lightning following an aei'lal
and injuring the premises, for they
seem td tMnk that the wires “atfact"
lightning, just as many people with
Intelligence and education still believe
thtyt steel knives or hardware or wire
netting window screens “attract” the
lightning. As a matter of faqt, none
of these things “attract” the lightning,
hut merely form a convenient conduc
tor to enable the lightning to ground
Itself. Lightning-rods are designed for
the same purpose and a properly In
stalled aerial, Instead of Jeopardizing
ft building. Is really an excellent safe
guard and makes a splendid lightning
rod. Lightning strikes a building or
object when. It is trying to find a way
to the earth and If the object struck
is a good conductor of sufficient ca
pacity It does no damage. For this
reason, houses covered with wire net
ting and climbing vines are far safer
than those which are bare, and steel
buildings, such as the New York sky
scrapers, steel bridges, elevated struc
tures, iron smokestacks and chimneys,
iron steamships and railway tracks
are seldom Injured by lightning al
though frequently “struck’*; the reason
being that the electricity passes
through them freely without encoun
tering resistance. On the other hand,
wooden buildings, trees and human
helnga are poor conductors and when
dry are almost non-conductors of
electricity, and when the lightning
tries to follow such objects to ground,
the reolatonce la so great that serious
damage is done. It la exactly like forc
ing water through a pipe If yon ha««
n powerful at ream of wafer or a groat
rot a mo of water and provide a pipe
large enough for It •« flow freely*
the pip* will not be Injured, even If It
la very light and frail; whereaa. If
yon attempted to force the eome
at ream or aame volume through a
aMeh •mailer or clogged pipe, (he pipe
would he haft or the water w*mld
overflow afld. Am*! the aarrowwdlaga
gtattotVa proio that a* far as aerials
are rvowrmed there la aa danger and
records of fires or Injuries from nerlala
during thunder storms are extremely
rare. During an electrical storm the
Instruments cannot he Used owing to
the “static’’ or electricity In the air
and the confusion of currents, waves
and inductance, and by Installing a
lightning-switch or an air-gap there
will be no danger to the premises.
In fact, k- properly Installed aerial
does not affect the rate of insurance
and If installed in accordance with
the regulations of the local fire de
partment you may be sure there is
not the least danger. The fire de
partment records of New York City
do not show a single Instance of con
flagrations started by aerials aiW:
lightning.
The simplest and best safeguard for
receiving aerials Is the air-gap shown
In Fig. 16. This consists of two
metal attachments separated by about
one-eighth of an Inch A-B, one of
which (A) la attached to the lead-in
wire (the wire to set being fastened to
It also) while the other (B) Is con
nected by a wlrg to the ground dl
rect. -This gap Is mounted In much
the same manner as a lightning-
switch, Fig. 17 (on a window sill ot
other convenient spot), in which A
shows connections to aerial, B to re
ceiver and C to ground connection.
When the station la not In use. or
during thunder storms, the handle D
Is thrown from A to C, this cutting off
all connection between ‘the -lead-la
wire and the instruments and connect
Ing the aerlul.directly with the ground.
Aerials for sending or transmlaatoa
flta|loos are very different from tbnoe
used for i^^Tnog oftly ant! should
be of severs I wires The moot eOrtent
Is probably the “rage" type shown la
Fig. IM. but any of the other* Illustra
ted la Figs. 19. and 31 will answer.
1 These sh-oild, of course, bo hilly In-
I sainted and the various methods of
I doing this nre well shown In the
figures and require n— esplsnallnfl To
I install sending ststb-ns a license la
I required. whereas to fecvlte, no
I drew so la newitem
COUNTERPOISE
v#u Got Tn # Tson Ficsbod it
WiN l set •• Le*q ss Vow’ll Prebehiy
Keqr s.#o H
feet of |*M.le« -e . rushed
Tt*e -iggregale* %b-*tjl*J be free fr*4n
•tl-ks. m4I >4 foreign material, tmly
en-tigh Henn nsler six-uld be u*ml
tn lulling lo make concrete of a Jelly-
like consistency
As the «-«4»creto Is placed It should
l<e »i>aded next to the forms In order j
fo force the larger rock* hack Into the
mass and let the mortar work out
sgslnst the forms, resulting In h
smooth, dense surfnee.
As *4niii ms the concrete has hard
ened sufficiently to tw* self sustaining,
the Inside form Is removed and the
Interior of the trough given a cement
wash made by mixing cement and wa
ter until It is about as thick as cream.
This wash can he put on with an or
dinary brush or broom. The w ash will
make a smooth surface and Insure
water-tightness. t
The inside of the trough is given a
alope outward toward the top. This Is
important because If water freezes In
the tank, the pressure will lift the
tee and thereby prevent the formation
of crack in the walls.
For a trough of the size shown in
the drawing, the following materials
will be needed:
Materials Required for Tank.
Outside dimensions 3 ft. 2 inf by 8 ft.
Walls ,2 ft. 8 In. hlsh.
Floors 6 In. thick
E» E—•< ywotlflw* wHnq Im J
h sd the aalfcswal bowndwey j
Ijwotsd sewn* of Iras value sfw fwwwfl 1
•wtsbfls those tomwdflfteu
The wnlttrs fug boo* ssptng M j
this roghiw afw flsfl hsdflfl etuim-d no
• my*—*rty os la soSBfl “Shoo hen *e»p I
i tog rrgv-om eg the -•-wnfry Three at# 1
tosi ovens (d i ho rfcsve* region m*4 aw- 1
r^wwioty i-*** or**t by hee^^ end eiws I
mony plovsw whose. r**ms*o sw the .
ssothooks ed hswhoopaag l-VWctlcesA Ifle j
, 0|m»vs see Uiliad lo psvu4u>o tho J
IdF^C | oaMhifsjflP
|Uwi It§*• Id I|MH» I
v vfUm l«F' fd'tS «illt» flill I
iiMr •dill |Wr<lrf MvtldMftd H !• tw* |
|to*«*t • ill rv-*wtl la a greater dev •* j
•qonont ihr (adwsrrjr, Mmsuso «d |
the pnwsut nt klwmpowa (—wlhsv*io| Ml I
wom- |«afls of the rlwvor r» gbm and J
|o*-ta!>> swso «d (hr *w|o , rh*r quel I
tty ttf the llallsn fsee of hern the boo j
Er* |o-r --f thl* regvw will And ll gwwt |
|y tn his sdtsntsge to keep thlo '•• |
rtoty. Itnltsn tmos i
£>■■1 mnna^cmevit to
larvae dead of I *ft f t>
ocrzzrz
“ * J U 1
Itri .oe wu
M moy hr w<
drvkw know
•a hick. f*<C w
tnrng • gr**u
t*l* I th
• ■Ml
r to
amt! •
‘ r
Bflkg trs*i
mml wlf
li #
r*
th#
knfter t#k# imi
hr«t.
—^ ——
ran out the 1
t7*>Uldo of
Installing the drvic
p. This
n ftmlhr***!. ,
lo bvransr
the counterpoise. »h
He add-
re afw equal- t
mg to the
sharpness of tuning
with -A
and the to-e j
receiving
set and. therefore.
aiding
• tu get the j
tn cutting
•Hit Interference, w
III also
•*ut d«>* n
the strength of the
sounds
may lo* had
received.
Therefore, with a
crystal
HaJ Y our Iron Today! -
'\Vc3r
§
- v -
^ flElf o USI Ifl «
SIN MAID -
SEEDLESS 1 ij
RAISINS i *
Get Some
- . , ' - y' ^ ' "i
—energy and iron
N EVER mind the vveath«r—get
some new vitality—speed up
any way. Don’t be a lagger.
Vital men resist the heat. Let lit
tle raisins help. 75 per cent pure
fruit sugar. 145 calories of energiz-
jng nutriment in every package—
practically predigested so it gets to
work almost immediately.
No tax on digestion so it doesn’t
heat the blood. Fatigue resisting
food-iron alsol All natural and'
good.
Try it when you’re slipping —
. when you yawn at 3 P.M.
Stiffens up your backbone and
makes thoughts flow again.
#
Two pocksgos and a (Um of milk f<
sy Iwnck ynw’vo ovsv Irmd.
Little Sun-Maids
Bet ween-Me ml Raisins
5c Everywhere
—in Little Red Packages
Wo hoe tn# Pqin*.
• toflpfTp mprpnmi I# Imp #
fbaf ImmAfliii te Ite* sdsiiv"*
I Kar|if•Hit, mbrn *4^*4r- tftMlt •§
M#n4 rp+r. “TW «Yte
■kjsttfflL fMMPHMi (CM# wH#
to ko«r spTUM ••»*« p*MU
• OMV ||r Is W->sr wf c«anf*r
Jwry-kddy.
rw^ng Mrs M
gr A Now Mr**
UsMik yam rr g»4
Ml
«r
•■wo
(•4 hrT.
gv.ad
dl that
Lm
nr«*o Good A t< i
Th# Swportativo
M .n
in* mnr
to tbr b
max r*
•It tb(-
fv] ft, t ], q
4lv#
t••ii, D. C.
r*
Concrete Mixture 1:2:3 .
Volume of Concrete ...... 1)4 cu. ya.
Materials Required.
Portland cement ... v 9 sacks
Sand cu. yd.
Pebbles or broken stone .1 cu. yd.
)4-ln. round steel rods ...216 ft. (36\4 lb.)
For each additional foot of length
add to the foregoing quantities;
Portland cement 1 sack t
Sand ;.....2 cu.-ft
Pebbles or broken stone . 3 cu. ft.
)4-ln. round steel rods ...22 ft. (3^4 lb.>
MILDEW WIPED 0FF LEATHER
Damp Cloth or Soap and Warm Wa
ter Will Be Fousd Satisfactory
—Then Oil Lightly.
When mildew has developed on
leather goods It should he wiped off
with a damp cloth or washed off with
•nop and warm ngtor. and the
leather oiled lightly with castor or
•aat’hfurt all and wqM dned after
wards
frve ui"4t addressing a request t*» tlie set nlx-re sniplinratlon is ni*t |x*s-
|H-i«rtmeut of Agriculture, Washing- slide, the device Is practically vslue-
Inoa, wliereas, with a vacuum tube set
with two or more steps of smpllflca-
Bon. the counterpoise will prove a
very distinct advantage. Many people
•■•insider this device a complicated and
difficult affair, hut In reality. It is as
simple, if not simpler, than an .aerial.
A favorite form of counterpoise con
sists of several wires extending fan-
wise ns shown In the figures, but a
single wire will often give excellent
results and the only way to deter
mine the best number of wires to use
is by experiment. Usually It is de
sirable to place the counterpoise be
low the aerial, hut this is by no means
essential as it may be run in the op
posite direction from the aerial and
still work exactly as well, for the de
vice has little or no connection with
the aerial. In fact, Its action is more
like that of a condenser, except that
It Increases radiated energy, whereas,
a condenser has a very small amount
of radiation. It must also be borne
tn mlqd that with a counterpoise no
ground wire is required, the lead-in
from the counterpoise being connected
wdth the set at the spot where the
ground wire is usually connected. In
setting up a counterpoise It should be
Just as well and as thoroughly in
sulated as the aerial (Fig. 22), and
the lead-in wire from It should be
kept at some distance from the aerial
lead-in to obviate losses by Induc
tion between the two. The most de-
slra.hle place for' # counterpoise 4a
about three feet above fhfl- earth, but
as this height la usttfllly Inconvenient,
not -only on account of U being an
obstruction, but because It may be
Injured by people or animal* or asay
be burled under snow In winter. It la
brner to raise H ab*4it all feet, or
-}o*i bfgle enough eo people may pasa
th M_ Kioflt psota sttk gqy wires
nre tke b**< *«|q»*ta • kotow*. If the
am tl
PROPER BALANCE TO MANURE
Soms Farmer* Try Littls Experiment
on Smell Piece of Land to
Find Condition.
It Is a pretty go«»d Idea, and one fol-
Inwcd by a lot of hard-headed, prac
tical farmers, to balance the barnyard
manure a little' with either rock or
acid phosphate. Barnyard manure Is
a balanced ration when it comes to
plant foods for some crops. That Is
why some farmers try a little exp<*rl-
ment on a half acre or so of ground
just to see what their land lacks.
About forty or fifty pounds of acid
phosphate per ton of manure, or 400
to 500 pounds per acre, may be applied
to a small part of the field, and the
results will show whether It will pay
to put the fertilizer on the whole field.
It makes the acid phosphate easy to
apply slrtiply to spread It ^verily on
the top of each spreader load 6f
manure so that each ton of the
manure will carry with it the above
mentioned amount of the phosphate.
ALFALFA SEEDED IN SUMMER
Considerable Succese Attained at Uni
versity of Illinois in Rotation
With Corn.
Considerable succesn has been at
tatned In seeding alfalfa on the dairy
farm at the University of IlllnoU
where a rotation of eorn for silage
and alfalfa for hay are 'the principal
crops. Fall wheat Ik sow* after (he
corn It cut for the ellQ. The next year
the wheat stubble le plowed as «**rt*
and a very
bed prepared. Tbs alfalfa ta
Will Cut U. S Wire B'HS.
The govrrnnirtit trlt-gmph bill will
be mt several bundml •lotlsr* a jear
by employing the “radio net.” which |
links up nearly all army puots with {
the War deportment. Acrvwdlng t« |
plans of Major General Squler. chief,
signal officer, a corps »f signal men,
will flash ordinary messages to post:
mmmnnilaiits via the ether instead of |
by wire.
Reveille May Be Broadcast.
The most unpopular man in the
army—the fellow who toots reveille
on his bugle In the early morning
hours—may lose his Job. This does
not mean the reveille la to be elimi
nated from army routine—quite the
contrary, for It Is proposed that all
calls be broadcasted by radio.
-A-A-A-A-A--
p.q..q..q..n..q..A»A—A'
TIPS TO THE RADIOIST
Aerial wires should be spaced
at least two' feet apart when
used for transmission. 4
Daytime reception is not as
good as night reception, because
of the lonlxatlon of the ether
caused by the light waves from
the sun.
Aluminum may replace the
copper wire used In the antenna
system.
Kp. 22 enameled copper wire
Is very good to use in the con
struction of a tuning coil.-
A .regenerative tuner is one
using a vacuum tube In which
part of the output energy Is fed
back into the Input through
suitable coupling means causing
cumulative amplification.
A loose coupler Id more selec
tive than any of the slide tuning
coll devices.
Do not trifle with the lighting
circuit aerial until you under
stand alt abi>ut It.
* Take a ttuie time In studying
the tuning of your set before
ft. Often yon nre At
(bait
Keep yo«r elarsge battery In
•i srfwsyo ftttnd
AN EXAMPLE OF GOODYEAR VALUE
The 30 x Goodyear Cross Rib Tire
shown here alongside its companion, the
30 x 3^ Goodyear All-Weather Tread
Clincher, is a conspicuous example of
- Goodyear value.
The Goodyear Cross Rib has in it the
same high grade Egyptian cotton fabric ..
that goes into the AU-Weather Tread - .
Goodyear. . ^ ^
It has a differently designed but long-
wearing tread, and it sells for considerably
less money.
In the past five years more than 5,000,000 -
of these Goodyear Cross Rib Tires have
been sold. °
They have everywhere given remarkable
service.
Their fine performance and known value
have convinced thousands of motorists of
the folly of buying unknown and unguar
anteed tires of lower price.
Ask your Goodyear Service Station Dealer
to explain their advantages.
GOODYEAR
O