University of South Carolina Libraries
t * OF COAL INDUSTRIAL WHEELS STOPPED BY FUEL ADMINISTRATION ; DIASTIC ACTION TAKEN rontlnuoutlr to All HUtOM Kant of MiiislMippA Muat (loae Factories for Five I>ay* t and Hturea, Amuaement Houaea, Of fices and Buftinefta Honaes Must Btop Ka«ii Monday for Nine Weeks A meriA'a’a nuinufucturing enter* priac* with but few exceptions in all NtntCH CAUtt of the MiNMiasippi River weoe ordered by the govern* nient WodiM'aday night to auspend o(»erationa for five tlaya beginning . Friday morning ua a drastic meas ure for releaving the fuel famine. The order also included the whole of tiie 8tales of Ijousiana - and Minnesota. At the same time, aa an addi tional means of relief, it was di rected that industrial and business generally, Including all normal ac tivities that require heated build ings, observe as a holiday every Monday for the next ten weeks. This will close dowrn on Monday - not only factories, but saloons, stor es, except for the aale of drugs and food, places of amusements and nearly all office buildings. While the order does not mention ship yards, It is known that they will be permitted to continue operations as usual, although munitions plants will be closed. The government’s move came en tirely without warning In an order Issued by Fuel Administrator Gar field with the approval of Prealdent Wilson prescribing stringent ree- strlctions governing the distribution and use of coal. It waa decided up on hurriedly by the president and remedy for the fuel crisis and the transportation tnagln In the Rastem States Kven munition* plants ere not excepted from the closing down order. Officials would not dlaeuss the tar reselling effects the action would have on the industrial fabric The order prescribe* a preferen tial list of consumers in whoee In terest It waa drawn Thee# users will get coal In the following order: Kallroeds Household consumers, hoepltale. charitable Institutions and army and navy cantonments. Public utilities, telephone end telegraph plants Strictly government excepting factories working on government contracts. Public buildings and neceesnry government. State and municipal i equipments Factories producing perishable foods end foods for Immediate consumption. jury to the planta themselves, news paper plant! and printing establish ments which publish current and pe riodical magazines. , On the Monday holidays, besides manufacturing planta, the following consumers will be forbidden to use coal: Business and professional offices (except to prevent freexlng), except those used for government offices or banks and trust companies and those housing physicians and den tists. Wholesale and retail stores with exceptions for drug stores and those that sell food; all amusement places and saloons. State fuel ad ministrators may close the bank and trust company buildings if they think necessary. r .Oii-ithe holiday subway, surface, elevated and suburban cars wllFbe permitted to use only the amount of coal they normally consume on Sun days. Some domestic utilities probably will be exempted fro mthe order In supplementary rulings, including laundries, ice plants and hundreds of others upon which the people are dependent for supplies and service. Cutting off coal to non-essential industries had been expected in Washington for a week. It was ex plained that they were not discrimi nated against in the order because of the fact that it was almost im possible to classify industries as es sential and non-essential. Officials foresaw that the German government might distort and make much of the order to Improve the morale of the German people but they said this danger was neglible when •‘ompared with that of permitting the fuel situation to continue un4m- krdved. - . The order was Issued under auth ority conferred In the Lever food act which provides a fine of $6,000 or imprisonment for violation of Ita provision, and warning waa given that It would be strictly enforced. ' To prevent Industrial unrest It was said the government might make a formal request on Industrlea affect ed by the order to pay their employ- during the time they are Idle. * Fuel Administrator Garfield Issu ed. this statement: “Adverse''Weather conditions week snd the Inadequacy of the present coal supply and trans portation facilities to meet the war time demand, have made'necessary immediate restrictive measures as to the use of coal. In that part of the I nited States east pt the Mississippi lllfinr. “The movement of coni In trsns- portatlon must be so directed ns to * kI the director general of railroads gin dealing with tha railroad emer- goney created hy recent billiard ron- of tool PEACE DEPE.u. oPON EVENTS OF CENTRAL ALLIES FUEL 08DER UTILE PHI SENT HOPE Intaly Announcement of the provisions of the order was made by Fuel Ad ministrator Garfield after a White House conference which was attend ed also by Secretaries Baker and Daniels Karller in the day Dr. Gar field had sought the views of other officials, snd It was said the unani mous opinion that the measure con templated was necessary under cir cumstances Inclusion of war Industries among those to which fuel will be denied cauHed some surprise but fuel offic ials explained that war plants have been producing so much mom mu-, .. . terlal than the. transportation syvf jj^WA tem can handle that no serious ef fects will be felt. An exception is made in the esse of shipbuilding plants because of the great need for vessels to move sup plies already ready for shipment overseas. Fuel administration officials will make an effort to increase produc tion at the coal mines during the period that other business is sus pended. mat be ■ M AII Industry moot he fully ro- •f Mi te«i in Ua use of coni In order the nvnllnhlo supply for the er of the w| properly distributed sufficient for senttsl needs during the of the winter, *To meet the administration has mediate emergency on the days of Jonuary II. II 21. SI and SS. preference and pri ority In the naa of coni ahull ho giv en only to the isumption of cool Is 'easary. These Include In Rnllronda. 4 hospital* nnd charitable Institutions. Observers Loak for Effect of Peace . Aims Statement Upon .Liberal Po litical Leaders and Upon the Maa- seo-—Aljies Realize They Made Mistake in Ignoring German Of fer of Peace Lust Year, The possibility of peace negotia- .tlons before spring or the certainty of an indefinite prolongation of the war will be definitely decided with in the next fortnight, according to the administration view as it was semi-officially given the United Press. The issue will be determined sole ly by the effect, of the peace aim statements upon liberal political leaders and upon the masses of the people in Germany. Up to today, there has been nothing to indicate that the full text or any great part of the text of the president’s mes sage has been printed in Germany or Austria. Apparently those parts calculated to spur the people to a continuation of war hhve been allowed to reach the public. To date-the German press comment has all been most bitter. It Is expected thst a little later the full message will reach the Boclaltstlc and Liberal parties It may produce some effect then. The president realises the militarist grip on Germany la tighter now than ever before. In addition, the statement of al lied. alms has made German junkers and militarists willing to goto a *m. I. means obliteration for them and for their theories. Their only possible chance Ilea In holding Germnny in the wer and mnklng n Inst despltate military drive In -the west meanwhile hoping for anoth er allied blunder. Arconling to the brM Iwfnrmril aulhorttlew In the a*!ii»iiiA«tmik»« ( the nlHeo mm realtor a hod Mnmler was saaile a year practically lust by failure to reply last winter In the l*erwiaa peace maneuver. It Is believ ed had the allies’ terms been then stated and had * they “soaked In*' tknt the state of mind of the Ger man people would have been much different now H Is abm rarvqpMand that the Ml responsibility fur nan- ala** deflection Is due to this failure allied war alms earlier, •htutslghtedaews of la Darts last sum- to seuse tar play GARFIELD ACTS AS SENATE RE QUESTS SUSPENSION BAKER’S WAR STATEMENT Hcerttsry Sees Only Minor l>evelop- ‘ Monts On the Battlefronts. FRANCE STOPS USE OF AIL FUEL Rucked By President, Fuel Manufnc- Only minor developments at the battle fronts are recorded in the weekly review of military opera tions made public by the war de partment. Wintry weather la inter- ferrlng with operations In Italy, France and Flanders and In Russia the military situation is overshad owed by peaoe negotiations from which, the review says, no conclu sions can safely be drawn. The re- turer Clones Down Manufacturing ports also says American howitzers from the Italian front have appear- Inants—Storm of Protoet Goes ed on the frront in France. i * Of the American forces in France Over Entire Nation—No Fuel Can, the department announce8 that their He feed tn Ware of Coal. I Preparation for the ordeal of battle ! is being steadily^ pursued and that While a storm of protest raged at ‘ General Pershing reports ,, their the capitol and among business in- 1 health and fighting spirit extremely terest throughout the nation, Fuel i good. Administrator Garfield Thursday! General improvement in health night signed the, order closing down and equipment conditions in train manufacturing plants east of the ing camps at home is reported and Mississippi for five days beginning the department says in spite of ab- at midnight Thursday night and normal cold the camps have been ad- stopping virtually all business ac- equately heated and soldiers have tivity on/every Monday for a period had a sufficient supply of blankets, of ten weeks beginning January 21. | “On the active fronts in the West, With the full support of President an< ^ Italy the equilibrium of bat- Wilson the fuel administrator at- ^ a8 been maintained,’’ says the tached his signature to the mandate review. INTERCEPTED RESPONDENCE PUBL1SI “All information ruachlag tho gowrnmsnt Is that Intsrnal condi tions la Germany are bad Tha food situation la unquaatlonably serious Th# acoaomlc situation la mora so as the senate was preparing to vote on a resolution which it passed 20 minutes later, requesting him to postpone action for five days. i • Although first interpreUitions of the order indicated that iU pro visions would not apply to the use of wood, oil, gas and other forms of fuel. It was declared tliat all fuel of every description was in tended. Production of fuel will not be Interfered with In any way. The text of the order reads: *'Unt!l further order of tha Unit ed States fuel administrator, all per sona selling fuel In whatever ca pacity shall give preference to or ders for necessary requirements: ‘Mat Mf NftfKvLiddv — (hi Of dames tie etmeiiiDerff. hot- pltala. charitable Institutions and ar my and navy cantonments. **IcI Public utilities, telephones nnd telegraph plants. “*di Of ships and vessels for bun ker purposes “tel Of the United States for strtctly governmental purposes, not taclndlag orders from or for facto ries or plants wroktag on contracts for the United States. **tfl Of municipal county or state governments for necessary public usee. “tgl Of manefnrturere of perish able food or food for nerasesry Im mediate consumption 'The order further provides that on Jaaaary IS, IS. S9. SI and 22 of ISIS no fuol shall be delivered The usual engagements so repeat edly recorded during the past weeks, which are merely every day occur rences in the normal co irse of mod em warfare, aids, re( onnoitering thrusts, patrol encounters, artillery duels and distubing fire have had but little influence on the general situation. “Any discussion of the military position in thq West must be con fined to the analysis of minor en gagements, which amounts to a spec ulative discussion as to their signif icance. This. In the present stake of the war, la of doubtful value, “During the period under review the enemy has concentrated his at tacks against the British in the re in^the^ Ypirei ^ssiienL ^snd^by can f**n* thruM* • ' r<» ma*k tactical readjustments and new dis positions of units. * "Owing to the Intensely cold weather along the 'entire Western front, operations have been Imped ed throngh the terrain In Flanders and Artois, normally no muddy wateMoKged has been frozen, which will fmilitate operations as soon as clear weather ret tires. *Tl»e Mratlflrelloo of mills a!**ng the tleslem from to laterrsl. Fur some timr pest we hern rear I % teg lefocmaM— in effect the! the teMrise which hatl here perth tpstieg le nffeeslve le July, were being d ed fr»*m the Italian Ihralrr trnnspnrtnl lo the Went. la spite of unfavorable pherlc condition toh avttators w« to any person, firm, association or the whole fi at ITi public utilities, for bunker government government for manufacturer* of food for “During the five days no msnufirturlngl or county public use. de food or iptlon. It i* cfttiniatcd that the enforce ment of the order woufil *ave a total of ton* of bitu minous coal, which probably is alwmt the present shortage. The indications were that at the end of the ten weeks of Monday holi days a |M'rmaiient poliey of re stricted consumption would have been determ lin'd on. Louisiana ami Minnesota, which lie partly on both sides of the Missis- aippi were specifically included as a whole in the list of States to which the order applies. The order is expected to go far towards clearing choked and con gested railroad tracks and terminals, it was regarded as likely that Sec retary McAdoo. director general of railroads, might declare a rail em bargo against the shipment of tha prouucts ot plants closed down if necessary further to relieve the road*' The critical coal situation it blam ed on the unusually severe weather of the last week, which has made it impossible In many instances to move coal at all and which lias cut off the fuel supply of whole cities. Officials who worked out the cur tailment plan came to 4 ne conclu sion, they said, that the homes must be kept warm at all costs. Reports have pouretj into the fuel adminis tration’s offices for days past telling of Intense suffering in many parts of the country. Some of the largest cities of the Fast have run so short of fuel already that local fuel offi cials'have stopped industrial activi ty to provide homes with coal. Betide shipyards and factories producing foodstuffs, the fa** ex ceptions to the geae.nl ruk -»«>. ..d- ding the use of coal la the periods coal supply all Industry wilt equal footing and etch will be csljed upon to make Its share of the sacri fice nersseary to maintain the na tion’s hifthetd possible point of mili tary and economic efficiency. ■“In addition to this emergency re- rorporation for any use* or require ment* not Included in the forego ing list until the requirements in cluded lo the list have been first de livered. “On January IS. It. 29. 21 and 22 of 191S, and also on each and every Monday beginning Janrary 21. It IS and continuing up to and Including March 26. ItlS. no manufacturing plant ahnll burn fuel or uae power Increased^ derived from fuel for any purpose ■aaaipl: “tal Such plant* a* from their nature must be continuously operat ed seven days each week to avoid lilltarist*. now awake serious Injury to the plant Itself or that there can be no i Ita contents a another Into tha crowded 1 It la said, however, that the dent ban ant as yet mm say cation that the Increased serlouaneas of elthei of these condition* to giant enough to effect the strength of the ■llltnrlst*. The strength ha* been made greater by recent military saceMsan It has been intensified by d esperatlon of the Junkers and to reallxatton compromise. To date there la no evidence com ing out of Germany to indicate that gnd Ve added materially to the the allies political offen sive. Unless evidence I* soon forth coming, it to expected that this of fensive will settle down to a siege to be continued coincidental with the military siege of Germany. The president is understood to be seriously concerned over the wave French and were very busy a >nt. and brought down loetlle planes Air raids rior of Germany were seeceea “la Italy the enemy has been Im mobilized by the deep snow la the moan tala zones Freeh aaow has fal len throughoat the Alpine region, blocking Ike paase* and rendertnr active operations Impossible Never theless. the Austr o-Germana are en deavoring to continue their bombard i ment of the salient along the Aaia- go plateau “While Information reaches os that the Aoatro-Germans proposed to undertake simultaneous offensive In Italy, and in the West. It la to be food. “(cl strict Ion over the designated five ; of unjustified optimism which has days the fuel administration has or dered that all use of fuel except by consumers classed as absolutely necessary shall be prohibited on Monday of each week from Janu ary 2X to March 2r>, that is, on Jan uary 28. February 4. 11, 18, 2. r > and March 4, 11. 18 and 25. “Except on the days covered in the order the normal supply of coal to all consumers will be maintain ed. the necessary consumers desig nated in the order are given prefer ence and priority in the delivery and use of coal at all times as well as on the days when other use of coal is prohibited. '“The United States fuel adminis tration counts upon the complete patriotic cooperation of every” indL vldual firm and corporation affect ed by the order in its enforcement. Kvery effort will be made by the fuel administration and other gov ernment officials charged with the enforcement of the order to carry out the {>lau piOposed without undue swept across the country following the peace alms statements by Lloyd- George and himself^ This optimism has at no time been entertained by those closest to the president. noted that within the central em ‘‘“T-Tii ■wmiTss. demand who may burn fuel to such extent as is authorized by the fuel. . . . . . _ . admlnlutrator of the Mat. In which! “In Russia the military situation is for the time being o\ershadow- )ter and that no further ^ forward movement could be of any advant- such plant is located, or by his rep resentative authorized therefor upon application by the United States food administrator. “(d> Printers or publishers of daily papers may burn fuel as usual exdeifting on every Monday from January 21 to March 2.5,* 1918, in clusive. (tfi which days they may burn fuel to suck extent as is nec essary to issue editions as such pa- ed by the peace negotiations, which have been Instltnted. “No conclusions can safely be drawn from the latest Incidents.'' trains in excess of the amount used on- the Sundays previous thereto.** The order provides that nothing in this order shall held to for bid the burning of fuel to heat rooms WHAT BEHNSTORFF SAID ; V; .■■'** * u ' JL . ..... - — American Disclosures Prove Caillaux Waa in Communication With Ger man Agents Ihiring Visit to Ar gentina in 1915—German Newi- papers Told oNt to Mention His Name. Evidence which will play a part In the treason trial of Former Pre mier Caillaux in France was gi^U to the public by the state department in another series from .the depart.- ment’s store • of intercepted diplo matic correspondence. The messages exchanged between Count von Bernstorff and the Ber lin foreign office show that during his visit to Argentina in 1916 Cail laux Was .in communication with German agents, . condemning the French government and asking that his position at home be not damag ed by praise from the German news papers. A final dispatch gave notice that the captain of the ship on which Caillaux was sailing carried import ant papers and urged that in case the vessel was captured Caillaux “In an unobtrusive way be treated qrlth every courtesy and conslderat The messages were fui the French government before laux’s arrest. It is understood they were made public here by raagement with Paris. Following is the text of the mes sage sent by Bernstorff i •Bueno* Avre* f**«ranhftd * w ^ follow iaA; .’(^lUaui has toft Hweaos Ayres after a short stay and la go ing direct to * France evidently on rount of the f group undecipher- I scandal which he regards as a pers customarily issue on important : or 8uch portions of buildings as are interference with the ordinary course of business. "It is the earnest desire of the fuel administration to prevent any pernianent dislocation of industry or of labor.*’ - SENATE AROUSED are plants which must ba lutloa. Request Sus|»cnsion of Fuel Admin istrator** IVrastic Order. A wave of indignant protest against the government’s drastic fuel restriction order; which sywept over congress today culminated in the adoption by the senate Thursday nlgljt. 50 to It, of a resolution re questing a five day suspension of the orders. - Effort to get a vote on a •Indtor,resold!ion In the hoqae was Mrbai by ohjectlM. Senators Tlll- tnd SoUth voted for the reeo- PLANTING THE YOUNG TKF.fcS Ulan to set out your orchard some time between November 1st and Feb ruary Vph. as tress will grow better w hen planted during this season than when planted in the spring. Com municate with your Demonstration Agent and get his advice as to a reliable nursery also about the varie ties that are best suited to your sec tion.- Plant the trees as soon as possible after they arrive. If it is impossible to plant them as soon as they arrive, open the bundle .and heel them out until they can be planted. Dig the hole large enough so that all the loots may be.spread out in their natural position. For apples and peaches the holes should national legal holidays, and where such papers do not issue any edi tions on a holiday, they are permit ted to issue one edition on the said Mondays. (e) Printing establishments used in connection with the produc tion or distribution of fuel.* SiMHdal AppI lent ions for Relief The state fuel administrators are authorized by the order to issue or- mi personal attack upon kimself. Its •peak* contemptuously of tke presi dent and the reel of the French government with the exception of Britain He tees throngh the policy of England perfectly. He does not antirtpate the complete overthrow of France. He see* In the wnr how o •truggle for existence os the part of England. Although he spoke much of the ’ind tar ret tone and clpnisy pol icy* of the Htlhelmetrasee and pro fessed to believe In German atro- .■aftromed Indirect conrte- from me. hut emphasized the antlon which ho In obliged to show aa the French government, he said, had him watched ever here He warns ns against the exceeslve estowed npM him hy owr especially Th# Nene Frele land desired on the other I that the Mediterranean and Morocco agreement* should he ad versely criticised. Our praise Injures his position la Durance UalHaul's reception here was cool His rsport about ftrasl! had nothing new. On hla return to France he will reside In hla own cMttltuency. He fears Paris sad the fate of Jaures •* ‘Bernstorff ,* ** Another message which von Bern- storff had forwarded was from Ha* bans, aa follows: “Tot. Rio Janeiro telegraphs steamer Araguaya left Buenos Ayres January 30. The captain la carry ing Important papers. Capture very desirable. Caillaux Is on board. In an unobtrusive way be .treated wltb courtesy and consideration. Uao you inform our cruisers? Bernstorff.’* The in*tructlon of the Gen censorship to the German pre** June 16, 1917, follows: “For political reasons. It Is urg ently requested that noUiing be writ ten about the former French* prime mlnlstet* Caillaux and that his name be not mentioned under any circum stances.’* This correspondence, although no official announcement to that effect is available, was made public by arrangement with the French gov ernment, which desired its exposure, Caillaux now Is awaiting trial In veloped by the celebrated Bolo Pasha case. •. I S inches ueep and 2 feet in diam eter. On stiff hard soil dynamite may be used to advantage. Thorough ly mix the top soil taken from the hole ’with 'Commercial fertilizer % pound of 8-4-2. * Place thfe trees in a barrel of water or wrap them in a wet sack and carry them lu the field This will prevent the roots * from drying out before transplanting. Cut off any broken roots with a sharp knife, and prune back the roots until they are only 8 to 10 inches in. length. To plant the tree, throw a little of the ‘ p soil in the hole, then place the tn- • a little deeper in the hole than it grew In the nursery, and throw in a little more top soil. Work the soil around the roots well and pack firmly with the foot as each shovelfull Is thrown 1a. leaving a slight inlptwhaldii around the tree. After the tree has bM ant. place about two Inches of loose toil over the packed surface. . Trees handled la this which may burn fuel on January ( I ers on a P e(, * a I applications for ro- 18, 19, 20 and 22 to such extent where necessaiy, to pievent in ns is neceaaary to issue current mini-' jtiry, to health or destruction of or bers of magazines and other publi- * n .i ur y L° property by tire ot fieoz- cations periodically issued. * I n £- “On each Monday, beginning Jan uary 21, 1918, and continuing up to! and including Monday, March 25, 1918, no fuel shall be burned (ex cept to such extent as is essential to prevent injury to property from freezing) for* the purpose of supply ing heat for: •- | ^ “(a) Anv_biisineRs-m^-TrTTrfesMonalj offices, except offices used by the j United States, state, county or muni-| cipal governments. transportation companies, or which are occupied by physicians or dentists; “(b) Wholesale or retail stores, or any other stores, business houses or building whatever, except for the purpose of sellinpr food only, for which purposes stores may maintain necessary heat until 12 o’clock noon; and for the purpose of selling drugs and medical supplies only, stores! may maintain necessary heat throughout the day and evening; “(c) Theaters, moving picture houses,. bowling alleys, billiard rooms, private or public dance halls, or any other nlace of amusement. “On the above specified. Mondays, no fuel shall be burned for the pur pose of heating rooms or buildings In which liquor Is sold on those days “No fuel shall he burned on any of tha foregoing specified Mondays for the purpose of supplying power Ur tha movement *>f a ar stha f][ Billy Boy has a bi cycle—tired of it, and is dying for a canoe— the woods and streams are calling. flled h as a canoe, pretty good craft, but hes cloyed with the water and only a bi cycle can save his life. What a chance for the busy little want ad to make two boys happy. • «e • • % . flThe loss of a position has no terrors to the efficient workman who has learned the use of . . ■ —: * — —’ Want ads are “Job Insurance” at a very low rate. WERE NOT SURPRISED -j a—— British General «t <’umbra! Everything Possible Did Ronar Iat, chancellor a# fht gj chequer, announced In the hfuse of commons today that as a result of t ield Marthal liaig b Inquiry tlte general staff, war coblnet and tha governmeqt considered than ha Brit* ish higher army roinBiand had not baea surprised hy the German at tack la the Lambrai region w i bar 39 and that alt I .. Lj