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fmm aijjes i ,H a TO MEET PROTESTS ON NEUTRAL MAIL SEIZURES ISWER AFTER ELECTION |W Joint Note TVance and Great Brit- IN A MONTH LAW IS . DECLARED CONSTITUTIONAL Supreme Court in Rn Bane Decision Also Uphold Webb-Ken- yon law. Both the gallon-a-month acf and the Webb-Kenyon. law are upheld in; decisions of the. r 8uprenie court en banc filed Saturday. E. J. Brennen l of Columbia brought r.n action in the j. ROD MANIA 1$ DEMORALIZED BY ADVANCE OF TEUTONS The army must move, ahS'moTe for ward. Roumanla prorlded the mueh- aeeded iheatra aihere aoma mraaufj ARMY FLEES FROM FIGHT Kichland circuit court to upset the . gallon-a-month act and on losing aln Reject American Argument for j there took an appeal. The Webb- Kenyon law was brought into ques tion in action brought ih Greenwood by the Charleston and Western Caro- lin^rallway against Reuben Cosnell, chief of the county rural police, and others. The court en banc h^ld that a dis- the. Non-Interference With Mails on High Seas—.Allies Assert Their Right and Accuse Germany. Examination of tho Allies note on the censorship of, mails, made publi' > ' Sunday morning, has brought a feel ing among officials that it does not aatisfactorily-toeet the protests set forth In the American note of May 24, which said that “only a radical change restoring to the United States its full rights as . neutral power would satisfy this government.’’ The state department has watched with interest, however, the informal ' arrangements made by British au thorities through their trade depart ment and through such conference as that^pf,Sir Richard Crawford in N^w York recently, and is understood to feel that resentment among Ameri can citizens over tin Allied censor- ship has been greatly lessened. It is thought unlikely that any re ply will be made In the three weeks before election. In this connection diplomatic circles attach much signi ficance to President Wftson’a decla ration at Long Branch Saturday that it is "almost impossible to do any thing positive" in the field of foreign affairs during the campaign. t AR the information reaching the 5 lb New York Times Expert Contrasts Retreat of Roumanians With That of Roumanians in lOlo—King Is sues Pitiable Appeal for Help From His Allies. criminatiotf complained of in For the first two years of the war _ ^ j, the German people were fed on vic- Brennan case did exist under the dis- ( ^ or i es wherever the German arms pensary system in force at the time were carried the people were accus- the suit was begun, but that the j ome( j t 0 loo* f or triumphant pro state being dry 110 discrimina- j g reBS _ They saw it in the early days non existed. | in u e igj Umi j n France. Later they . , In , th - e K Qo f n ® 11 “ be the c ?“ rt su r saw it in Russia and in Serbia, taiaed the right of peace officers to, But they d)( j not g ra6p the true seize liquors in trans t for unlawful; 8igniflcauce of thlDgg They did not purpose, without awaiting either ac- &ee w j, at ft meant to be confronted tual or constructive delivery. The great resources of the allied shipment in question was shipped ; e th did not 8ee the re c U p- “order not fy and on its being seiz- £ ratlve force in these power8; they ed the railway sought to recover It did not a the steadfa8t purpos e under claim and delivery proceed-, which actuat ed them. ., . . . They saw Russia defeated and The court s opinion in the Bren- from lheir point of view out of ^ nen case, written by D. E. Hydrick, aar And peace P roposals and ru- associte justice was concurred in by mora flned the air Xhcy saw Ser . Chief Justice Gary, Associate Jus-1 bia annihilat ed; the entire state oc-' tices ^? d „ C1 o < ; ult ! cupied by Teutonic forces. They saw Judges John S. Wilson, H. 1*. B* 0 ®- the British forced to withdraw from Mendel L. Smith, Ernest Moore, T. S. the Gallipoli penin8U i a , with an ac - Sease, James E. Peurifoy, IL W. ^nowlcdged defeat. They caw every- Memmlnger, Frank B. Gary. A dis- manln must be turned Into mother Serbia, another Be 1 Therefore,' we find the Gormana fdreing the situation in Roumanla jii a great attempt to duplicate their two mest definite, most conclusive campaigns. Let us go back to the beginning of the Roumanian attempt to occupy T.ansylvania. At he very outset Austria announced that her battle line would be greatly lengthened if she aitompted tp guard the entire bordei* and prevent the incursion of the Roumanian forces through the various passes across the Transyl vanian wall. Therefore she would shorten her line by occupying only the chord of the arc rather than try and hold every point on the arc it self. 4 This was good logid'. The entrance of Roumania necessarily added many miles to the existing battle lines, ana where possible this situation should be minimized. As a matter of fact, the more probable reason was that the German and Austrian forces werer so busy elsewhere that they did not of success might be looked for. Rou- have the men available to step into that territory. The Roumanian ambition was to reach and hold the line from Orsova to the northwestern tip of Roumania, where Bukowina juts down, follow ing generally the line of the Maroa Valley. The German plan was to hold back the Roumanians, as far as possible, without too great a concen tration of mei) and material, and to centralize their efforts In Dobrudja. Here, it was rightly thought, waa PRESENCE of submarines -Wftfc-MOf-BE OFFENSIVE : » - 1 . ( Government Policy to be Determined Later But If Iaw is Obeyed U. • S. Will Not Interpose. The policy of the United States re garding the recent U-boat raid off the New England coast will not be determined until much complete in formation as to all the facts has been received. Before any policy is determined upon, it is expected that the opinion of the neutrality board will be con sulted. : The board was called into session immediately after the U-b< at appeared on this side of the Atlantic and several meetings have'been held since. Any decision it renders will be submitted to Secretary Lansing, but it will not be binding. Evidence is accumulating to indi cate that in case the aqtual opera tions of submarines in the Western Atlantic 0 is guided by the principles of international law, their presence off the coast will not be considered offensive as was the case of the Allied cruisers which the United States asked to have withdrawn early in the war. TEUTONS FORCE TIEN TO BOi- DEROF TRANSYLVANIA PRESSURE IS KEPT UP Bucharest Reports Uepulee < ; ’ tacks Rut Bavarian Snoop* vade Country IVons the North Through Rothenthurm Pass Which , They Recently Captured. In Transylvania the forces of the Teutonic allies are continuing their drive on the Roumanians along al most all of the front. Bavarian troops which captured the Bothen- thurm pass now have crossed the border into Roumania. According to Bucharest, which ad mits. the retirement of the Rouman- Officials point out that the Allied around Kronstadt, fierce Ten- vessels were only a few miles off tonic attacks were repulShJ south of senting opinion by .R. C. Watts,* as sociate justice, was concurred in by Circuit Judges George E. Prince and J. VV. DeV.ore. A separate disseht- juartment is understood to indicate LM-« pl, l iOU ii W ffj fi ' ed by S ‘ W ' , Germany ^pressed their amazement iat the Allies have determined to| m . rn , A ! that > in 8 ' ,i,e of acknowledged defeat ke their firmest attitude on the' , JuBtice v U e , VH a» th ® Allies did not sue bjeet, feeling that absolutely vital! T° r P®®c«- where the German lines deep into the territory of their enemis. And when Serbia was vanquished and Britain’s Gallipoli venture was given up ^ hopeless, the papers of late rest s are involved. Otficials arei ; sociate Justice Gage concurring, with id to feel therefore that anv fur ' the fo,0,wln * circuit Judges: Ernest to reel tnereiore mat any fur-, Moore> T s Sease H F Kice , w ther positive step by tho United States might bring the controversy to « much more critical stage. In their reply to American pro- teM* against Interferenc e with neu tral maiJ«, live Allied governments •vlterate lheir right to intercept and search all genuine wail found . on neutral venaHa <>■ the high seas °r In Allind ports but they promise U> remedy "any faults, ahuaea or serious mistake*" In censorship that may be brouclu to tfcetr at tention. They declare unjustified by facts the American charge „that Illegal Jurisdiction has been gained by diver- Men of neutral ships from the high Verdun came, the most tremen- dpus battle of history. The German forces were poured In a mighty flood Bowman, F. B. Gary. John Wil- gainst the French lines; they over- son. James-E. Peurifoy and Mendel I,. Smith. A concurring opinion was whelmed the advanced posts, drove the French back frunullJS. of filed by Associate Justices Hydrick 1he W oeire to the“heIihU 'to tK and Fraser. The minutes note dis- westward ynt thereto on the part of Associate Itich by in( . h the flrct d ; yf( Justice * n d 5.. r ?. u the Germans pushed the French lines George Ki rtace, 8. W. O. Shipp and back, until what were truly the key J. W. D#V#re. _ _ ,I positions were reached. And thoro, * * * 1 in spite of the great stake for which GERMANS MOVING MORE GUNS lh#y ^ "■'•“'"'G 0®nnan efficiency ULtuiAHj fiiuviiiu mviu; uuro found that „ had mel lu mmcb The ' * 4 1 French lines held, refused to be drtv- Keep TTirtn, However, About Mve en back further, and gave blow for blow. Mile Behind Somme Front. The German army was staggered P«ri. rs— Th ® skcriftce of hundreds of thou- arls reports. Although the Ger- #andg men bad been placed on ths 0f alter But victory refused to rest on armor. Here was a belt of border land, undefended by any natural ob stacle, unguarded by any great force. So Mackensen, one of the leaders of German military successes, was chosen for the task and sent into Dobrudja with a force considered ample- to-evush {Tie Houmarfian de fense before it could be supplement ed by Russian reinforcements, to take the great bridge at Cernavoda, and strike a blow at tfie very heart of the new enemy.*~*T Then fne German victory would 1>« complete. The Roumanian army in Transylvania would be taken in rear, its line of communications cut. Us retreat assured. Titus would Ti*an» sylxanu. be redeemed land while the U-boat operations were at least fifty miles off the near est land. Neither has there arisen any case of the Germans p rsuing vessels straight down the coast, as did one of the British cruisers, or operating .so close to American tern- the weak point in the Roumanian torial waters as to require a neutral ity patrol. It Is realized, however, that should a practical blockade of American ports develop the govern ment would consider it had grounds for action. luto th* territory water* of tho •«» retreat to a shorter line, they thHr banner ,. The at homtl Allies. The next move of the Amerl- evidently are becoming more and can government has not'been deter-! >»ore alarmed at the success which mined. I attends the French attacks after The note, transmitted Jointly by n > e t ho *H<'*l artillery preparation, the British and French government.! They certainly are taking steps to re- It makes reply to Secretary I.an- I,r ‘'«t If it should become necessary sing’s memorandum of May 24 in to do so. which the United States declared the But. on the other hand, they mean Allies had been giulty of ’’lawless *° (O' their utmost to hold yn along practises in their mail censorship MH’ L’eronne-Bapaume front until methods and that ‘Vinly a radical winter. They have brought up a change restoring to the I'nfted States (treat deal of fresh artillery, esperi- its full rightu as neutral power, will “By heavy guns, an4 showed qo satisfy this government.'' I shortage of ammunition throughout must be fed. , And when victories were not, they were claimed and sent bark for those at home to gloat over. Dead Man's Hill was, according to the German reports, taken several times. But the Germans never took it. All they did was to rhaure Its place on the map. As week after week passed by, Ing back the Roumanians would not he retreating to their own safety but Into the very Jaws of the Germs* trap, which would then be sprung. But Mackensen failed. Directing his attack close to the Danube on tin Roumanian right, he met with Initial aucreesee. Then came the Roumanian counter stroke against the Teutonic right wing. This king was forced hack, the left had to give way with It. and the Germans found thent- selve* after all their fighting at least a day's march back of their most for ward position. The end of the Do brudja campaign was In sight, and victory, if victory there was to be, had to cyme from another quarter. Von Falkenliayn, the deposed chief of staff, was hurried to Tran sylvania. and to him was aligned the task of driving the Roumanians back. The attack In rear having failed, a frontal attack had to be made. And here have the Germans tasted for the first time since early June Hermannstadt with heavy casuLltles to the attackers. Vienna reports: The recapture from the Roumanians of the Tran sylvanian city of Kronstadt Is re garded here as having been due largely to the generalship and strat egy of Gen. von Falkenhayn, ably supported by Austn-Huuganan gen erals. Von Falkenhayn wag able > > execute what Is regarded one the most brilliant open field'i ncreuvres of the war. Of tho tro 1 :. . which assisted him especial praise is given to the Bavarians and the Hun garian honveds. the Allies nor any one else can help them unless they do their part. If we may Judge tho Roumanian - frame of mind from this remarkable| The fact that the Austro-Gcrmao appeal of their king, they are already forces were able to interrupt Roa- beaten. They do not appear to have' manlan telegraph and telephone com- the stomach for a fight. They are) munlealions at many points played not In danger yet. and may recover uu important part! For example, ths their equilibrium before seriousMam-j Roumanians operating near Her- age is done. But they cannot expect' mannstadt were dependent on orders to stand aside and let others do their! from headquarters at Ploesci, in Koo- flghting for them and still reap th-'' manta, forty-live miles sorth of Buch- UuL in fall-1 rewards of victory. _l» r —* Th — D<x>f felt ihe later- According to all reports ihe pastiruptlon of Their communlcatlona ao week on the western front has been seriously that French avlatorn were one of almofct steady rain, which has directed to keep the wires Intact, but tbs awn. This they bars suae sc lad In and the liuea of \erdun were not fruits of even a sdiall victory. doing no far. When they fail to do changed, the German army saw that n j,, fn iall as yet; It may assume so, thetr saceess palls. It - great effort wu* a failure. They greater proportions later. As the mat-1 The French hnfe made one single could not take \erdun, aiH^-lkcy did | ter lltBI , dl| noVk ( Koumaolans have effort south of the Somme and the turned the Somme dlatrict into n) they failed. Bavarian artillery quagmire. For the greater part of the woyk Impossible, bnaging 4pwa the-week the battlefield has been en- several French aeroplanes, veloped in mist, which hts made auc-l Telejtraph lines wars tappsd. and ceaaful aviation an Impossibility and ordsra from Ploesci to tba command- prevented nnytblng like accurate ar- er of ths First Roumantan army to tlllery fire. hold hla ground until tha arrival at One great factor In the successes ib«. Second army fall Into Ihe haadto which the Allies have attained so far of the Germans unknown to Plonad. has been the superiority 6l their air The Second army, occupying ths Sec* service. * Their airmen have been' eavnr-Fogarns line, changed Its pest- * able to direct the preparatory artll- tlon for tha purpose of maktag m lery fire with great precision. When strong attack os Gen voo Falksw- condltlons are favorable for this, the. hayn's troops. The Roumanian forces Allied attacks are held up. were directed at Hermannstadt. with It la a question of minimizing tho main body advancing In n west- losses Osins can be mads and ths «rly direction thrangh ths Fogara^ lines advanced, but at a coat which Basin would be prohibitive If ths b«ttto| Thf .„ uat|on of lh# is to accomplish Uaporposo the Al- , „„ rr1tlcm| for . „ Ilea must inflict on the Germans loss- bot ¥oll wmhfn changed, ss st least commensurate with their ^ d ,.position of his fores, to " It is maintained by the Allies in their latest note that they are “sin cerely endeavoring to avoid any en croachment on tho legitimate exer the operations. To show how the Germ ns fear the rapid French infantry attacks, they now have taken their heavy else of* the rights of inoffensive neu-! d an * a lon K wa X behind their frost trsl commerce." Delays and annoy-! Hne. There is now none nearer than antes are unavoidable. It Is pointed miles. They evidently mean to out. in the exercise of full belllgcy- do their utmost to save their heavy ent rights by the Allied authorities, and a long list of precedents are cit ed to show the contention. It is suggested that Tho Hague convention quoted in tho American memorandum la not bindiqg because it has not been ratified-by sevtfj belligerent powers, though the Allied policy has been guided by the inten-' lions it expressed. / >r _i In an Informal memorandum sub- 4 •itted some time ago. Great Britain V^o artillery. not fake It. The battle on which thcir'great chief ol stalf had staked all proved hi* Neiutsis. The world, saw the defeat, but the German* could not afford to recognise it. They had stated that they were goisvr'to take Verdun, and they had to take it. | The fighting was still In progress when the great Russian offensive 1 was launched. From that day Ger- ! many has not seen victory in any I form. The German people have gone Roumania entered the war been driven back to their own bor-j territory gained haa been at aboat der. or near it. and. It la claimed.! Hi* average rata of tha laat faw st- » Germaa* Lnet :t,5M,0l A. The British official press bureau hungry announces the German losses during and Germany's chance came, the war up to the end of September Here was an enemy, a relrtlvely as dead 870,182; prisoners and miss- small enemy, who could, if a suffi- tng 428,820, and wounded 2,257,007, cient concentrati* n of men and guns a total of 3,556,018. The figures are could be made, be defeated. Here declared tq have been compiled from was a chance to once more feed the German official lists. | hunger and quench th£ thir.t of the German people. And here we have inted out at length th® changes 1 owners. | Germany on the offensive. As the matter is regarded in this ln France and Belgium Germany made in censorship methods to expe dite mail examination. These changes are only referred to briefly In the present communication. The note is nearly five thousand words in length. The note, in effect, admlto in prin ciple, but denies in practice, the im munity of mails, which is recognized in international law. Great Britain and France assert they have the right to inspect Ameiican mails while seeking both contraband and enemy correspondence. The conflict arising between the belligerent right to search for contra band ana the neutral right recogniz ed by the law of nations in the In violability of mail is part of the con troversy. The reply combats every argument used by the state depart ment in its attempt to maintain for the United States respect for this country’s rights on the high seas. In virtually admitting the right of the United States. Great Britain de clares it cannot be enforced. The re ply Is a challenge to this government, ns it is generally regarded as being the- final word of the British and French governments on the subject. The two allied governments claim the right to divert neutral mail ships from their course and take them Into allied jiorts for the Tjurpose of in specting, censoring or confiscating mall matter. - Thin claim the United Sta.es b^s repeatedly denied, in the in tance of deflection of ships with cargqps as well as cf ships with mails. —It has been denounced as unwarranted In terference with’ American rights and A* A complete denial of rights guar- teed by both thOTustoms and the ws of nations. . The American p-.ltion Li that Great Britain has r.o right forcibly to take neutral vessels into British xrept with the permission of the government whose flag the ship# fly.. Greet Britain and France H their note declare some veasels voi- ' umanly enter silled ports for esmm- ins Dos of their malts, skippers of •uck ships being so directed by their w country, these vessels do not, in fact, ^ as t a8 t®d only defeat. The attacks voluntarily enter British ports. Co- Allies have been driven home, ercion is exercised in the form of de- one a tter another; more than two nial of such ships au refuse "volun- ® n tire army corps have been taken tarlly’’ to enter British ports of the prisoner, between twelve and fifteen right to coal at British ports, to take army corps rendered hors de combat, out British maritime insurance or to There is n'l hope for a German offen- use British cables or banking fatil- sive here. ^ I It is all they can do to hold their Owners of vessels, it was said by own j n f ace British and French at- authorlty, naturally would consider t ac k 9> an( i they are not doing this it the safer thing to submit, to this w jth a ny great degree of success, form of compulsion, retaining their. They point with derision to the small coaling and other privileges, than to g a i ns which have been made against be denied all and at the same time their lines, to the small belt of terrl- have their vessels forcibly convoyed tory which has been regained, into British jurlsdicMon. . . ' ... . ... In regard to The Hague conven- Th « y d< J n tion which France and Great Britain ' Th^v Hn claims refer to mails found only at ■ more than twice thc tlmc ' They do sea and not to postal correspondence found on ships In post, they contest the validity sf the convention be cause It was not ratified by six of the belligerent powers—Bulgaria, Half, Montenegro, Russia, Serbia and Tur-. key. However, mails appertaining to pacific matters and to commerce only are protected, they claim. The reply accuses Germany of fla grantly violating International law, saying ’’that the-chmlnal ” habit of sinking ships, passengers and car goes, or abandoning on the . high seas” is not any justification for the destruction of mail bags on board. As regards the cases cited by the American note to prove that in pre vious wars mail has been held to be Inviolable, the reply examines the cases individually and finds that the circpmstances differed from those lq the present war. Promise of financial comnencation for injuries suffered by Americans by reason of the unlawful operation of the censorship ia guaranteed in the concluding paragraph of the note. ' ' - - ___ - Great Britain and France-not only claim the right to • uperVTse _ ~m»TIs which have enemy destination, but malls between neutrals, as between Holland and the Scandinavian coun tries and the United Sutee proceed ing la both a* rose the border in one place. Whether the offensive can Ik* carried further remains to be seen. Prob ably it ran. I It ia noticeable in the German re ports that only a few prisoners but large masses of war material are claimed to have been taken. This U sufficient indication of (he primary cause of the defeat. It would serin that Die Rou manian force*, none of whom have been under fire for year*, indeed. Mince the I ant war Ivetween Turkey and RusmIu, when they partirl|>at- ed in the great Ivattle of Plevna,' were unable to Miami under tire an the more MraMoned troopM who had hern through two yearM of war. The German attacks, delivered as German attacks always are, with tre mendous force and accompanied by heavy and well directed artillery fire, threw them into a panic which thetr officers were unable to quell. . The line* broke, and evidently retreated In disorder, abandoning everything Rebind them with no apparent effort to wend It to the rear before the re treat began. Note the comparison between this and the great Russian retreat of last year. The Germans, in the latter case, took a great number of pris oners, but it is certainly true that In almost every case they were held back until all the movable material was sent to the rear by transport. Place after place which had been strongly held and guarded by guns of all calibre was entered after the Russians had left it. but only aa empty shell was taken. It had been literally stripped bare. Here In Transylvania, however, .we find the reverse. A panic undoubtedly seiz ed the Roumanian forces. And It was not confined to the men alone. Apparently the Roumanian - high command' has been likewise affected. This has been communicated in turn to the Roumanian monarch and we see Jkjng Ferdinand, also panic stricken, giving to Die press an UL advised statement, saying in effect that his forces are defeated, and that If he is to be saved the fate of Bel gium and of Serbia, the Allies, in spite of their difficult problems in other quarters, must send help. • This, is ihe most amazing incident <}f the war. It reflects neither credit to the Roumanian people nor poise to their king. It If the cry of a man who feels that he may be hort, al though be-has not been. There Is much for the Roptpfhians pressing the situation, so thet here sgalq any offensive move Is out of the queetioo Of man military Idea is s defensive con-option 1st the spsotf not compare the relative numbers of prisonera*captured. The measure of the Somme is not the few square miles of territory. It Is the price that has been extorted from thc Ger mans for tfie futile defense of this ■territory., On the Russian front all the Ger- nfims have been doing is to defend .themselves against the terrific at tacks which reorganized and resup plied Russia-^-the same Russia which was defeated apd^lmost driven out of tlie war less than a year ago—has sent against their lines. AU ques tion of taking the offensive here has been thrust aside by thc'vigor of the Russian attacks. In Itajy, Austria tried to take the offensive in Trentino. Extensive pre parations had been made for the ef fort and, like many others. It was successful to a point, but culminated in defeat not only in Trentino but ahmg fbe^ leeaso. At Balonikl the guns of Sarrail be gan to boom. The Bulgarian ad vance was nipped in the bud. and the Bulgara were driven back until thetr aIuT'.iI tb T»TCTti«rrnT««Sm*« “”li.' pr 217* •rn Roumanian border which lea res much to be desired as a perfect »tra- lackM. Over a front of about three milch between Chaalnsw. end Remy. they drove forward for*a depth of nearly a mile, taking the first step ‘o a movement which has for Its object the capture of Chaulnes. The method Is one with which we have become familiar. It is th# for mation of a deep pocket with Chaul nes at the bottom, followed by a drive across the mouth-, which will close the avenues of rstreet to the German defenders. This was. as we hnow, the method at Uombles, and at half a dozen other places. On that section of the front held by the Britiah the fighting has ap parently been sevej-e at times, notice ably along the Hapaume-Peronne road, by reason of German counter attacks. It is remarkable how fruit less these attacks have become. Not since the early days of the fighting have they regained for the Germans any lost ground, This, however, when analyzed, need not occasion a great deal of sur prise. Of late, each allied effort has resulted In a gain of a mile or more over a fairly wide front. This means that the Germans In the first trench es have either had to retreat this dis tance or been added to the casualty lists. It has, therefore, been much more difficult tp prepare for the coun ter stroke than when the gains were measured in yards and the trenches which the Germans still had to de pend upon were practically as effi cient for offensive operations as those from which they had been driven. The British will undoubtedly find that the way from their present lines to Bapaume will be a good deal more thorny than the way to their present front. The Germans, realizing long ago what, the objecUve .of ajl this fighting wae, have beyond doubt im proved every minute in strengthen* Iqfe the defenses. It‘Is, therefore, likely that when,the next British ef fort does come we will not find it go ing ahead at anything likf the same speed' as the recent attacks have gone. The week has also seen a revival of the Italian offensive in both Tren tino and on the Carso. This move has not progressed to the point where any comment can. be Intelligently made. It is Just In the beginning and, if we may Judge from initial progress, promises to develop sub stantial results. -^ItHs probably Inspired by the Rou- tbe emergency. Tbe result waa that | when the Koumaaiaaa reached tba crest of the Fogaras range th y foand themselves almost Inclosed la huka- lol Vallay. This was von Falkaa- hayn s master move. Tha Koumaa- ’ Ians, realizing thair danger, begaa a. retreat. I Some Roumanian detachments ad vanced again Into the Fogaran range, owing to the abaem of Auslro-Oer* man troops there. Von rslkenhaya 1 paid no attention to this, hut concen trated his troops against tha Raa- manians staUoned on tha banhs of the Alt River, suddenly changing the direction and front of his forces from south to northeast. The Roumanians on the Alt la the meantime were hemmed In by Auairtan and Hun garian forces, so that von Falkao- hayn’s attack the second time brought the Roumanians Into a blind alley, exposed to an enfilading fire. The Roumanians retreated to Ft>- garas, taking ap 1a position from which they were dislodged quickip by smart work of the hoavad cav alry. They came under kraiy Qt'- man artillery fire, the g ins tnvtwj been placed in position as pripfira tlon for this move. Meanwlills hen veds had advanced from tbe north west upon Fogaras and Hoehnlroim, while near Hermannstadt, on tha Alt River, the Germans were break lag down the last resistance of their op ponents. The Roumanians begaa a general retreat which ended ou tha railway lines from Fogaras to Kroa st ad t and from Homorod t-> Kron stadt. The Austrians and Germans con tinued to press the Roumanians wRh energy. Teutonic reinforcements were summoned and did Incredible marching, some of them covering more than seventy miles in two gays. The Austro-German infantry, on establishing contact with the Rou manians, did not wait for the artil lery to arrive, but attacked forth with. The Bavarian mountaineer troops proved to be the moat dangerous enemy of the Roumanians, with the Hungarian honved cavalry a good sec ond, notwithstanding the fact that the, ground was unusually difficult for mounted troops. . The Roumanian loss of material wag very heavy. ~ “ i , BACK ON OWN SOIL Roumanian First and Second Armies Defend Country. The Roumanian first and second (L armies, beaten and torn and all but manlan reverses and the necessity of annihilated in their attempted Invs- creatlng a diversion If in their de- sion of Transylvania, have turned at sire to crush Roumania the Teutbns their own fronDer and. at bay, dee- to go before they feel the- ire* heel j-bavr drawn on thtw front for pert of perate. ere flerciy resisting' the Tea- thelr forces we mav see Italy pash I tonic invasion of their soil. ~ pldlyVaheag: ’ '. "prTT elr llcforc ktfbrt to repel tho This Ja however, the merest specu-1 forces of ths central powers Is to he Utioa. as jk> one knows or ran tell! Vsd by King Ferdinand from what quarter the Germaa and cording to a report Austrian troops now fighting la Rnssiaa retoforcemeats ahm are Mp Transylvania we»w taken. lag hurried forward. , u 2k