University of South Carolina Libraries
f . \ , „..S!SSSK$( - ; —u. VOL. X. BARNWELL, S. THURSDAY, JULY 0, 1887. "Ir- 4f ' r.'rrr^ TIIK MISSISSIITI CX)LLE(ili V IfSOBIGIK, ITS I’KKSKNT KUVIPMfcST A HD ITS WORK. Au Obuervor** Account of (Jen. p. IV I.ce'» Karmcr’H CoIlcRf’—Tlio t'I»»»-Kooia uml the Karin. (Krnm tb.' W< u-« anil l oniinr } Aobioultttbal and Meohanicai*' Cod- lxue oF.Mississim, July 4.—lieft rriug to a uumbor of notes taken in a mid summer tour of four of tUo most import ant Southern States,-rtlo not know that I could select a more interesting subject than the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Mississippi. This may be stated without discounting, in any wise, the many places, institutions and things of note along the hues of railways which connect Charleston w*h the peculiarly favored land in whifti the institution named is situated. . *' TH* COUJHiK. To begin with, however, the fi rm “Agricultural and Mechanical College," j as applied to this College, is a misoi mci' The mechanical department has m-t yet i liee'O provided for, but luay be rvt iiscd at any lime when the institution >3 so' far favomi by the Lrginlatare ol Missis sippi. The College i«, thcrvfxre, prae Ueally an agricultural institution wi h its baadmaidi im of the nudianmal ar s tel uxiwetancy. bat whatever this institution mae Imit has caused a great stir in rucial, agi icui . tiarahaod political nrelcs evi r sun • it* | ssUhli-nuicut, sevru years ago. I. was cratlksl in opposition, strong but not! iatai, it has trsvelevl over a rough reaal I and still nurwvea; and it has lived . own a certain elaas ol o|>)>uoenta and is still 1 doing Iwttiv against tome forniK'alile { Iocs, As Iwtaran the e-mmirs of th« I t'oUvsi' and its fneeds the Imaa arr very I ■har)4y tlraan, and ev.if the aun«,wfa*| tlVv strang* r, who iuus, may read. TIIC ISnl'K* '7ITS1*. UruaiUy slated, (Im «|ncstlon is ot .■ of utility IKms it |siy thr tas|wy«f up | port Iht-Coikgs*; amt, granting Um ol* 1 pwts •>( thr t oUrge I > lir fnHr ra itrd 1 out, do iW rraull* a srrant U.i Ht*l In I caatliniung u* aiiprupruui>*b.T Th* um-’ lory of thr l oliryit up to pr -ml! timr avmca aith it Umi solution of • cry I one of these probli-m*. la an* 11> 11 of . this history therefore, msrtttnM to a! ckwr nuiMapUou of the intarvato^ itu ns ugn.is. (tom alba can be hamesl from thvj vanoua puUisJinl report*, the Co -•'gw j oa»a its ongm to the Act of the (hi ral J (•ornament, leased in Ihiti, to rnr-xu- age the estehliahmnil «f imlttatltal x4-1 h-gee in the StaUa. 1 his Act, an >iig other things, pcovideal fur the **sn ' jn 1 incut, support ami auunle iianew m * *eli Stair of at least Olft? %litTv lut tedlUff object <Juill In*, VillMHit t*Vt tilt* .ug other oeirntilic an*I rInns iral stu- as, ami uaciml.ng military taet.es, to t reb sm h biancbta of learning as are rei *led to spnculluiv and the mvchaiac art. m sueC duenu r as the* Ls-glalsluria of the States may ivapoctirvly prvarrfbc m or der to promote the* liberal and prac .cal education of the industrial elm*, a" Mwuaaii ipt^B^aharo of the sgneult ral amountcel in lH..** to is now in the b ate trunairT bearing lire jsr cent in In < st. 1 hr masiasippi LegL**laturv hi I^TH lUvidod this fund between .Mourn l ai- versity (for eolurad youths> and the present Agricultural and Merbartoal College of Mirsiasippi, giving to inch gl 1 J,.*»7U. buUwtiueniiy the* Ijegislature pended gl 'i.UIXi of this money in the purchase of hinds, leaving to each of the institutious named a balance* of ££*,-'Tfi, which yields an annual interest at live per cent of about $4,1128. The. but* Legislature up to within tho puat y car or two had appropriated tho suin' of $^12,500 annually for the suppo institution. 18 land, support of the THE MJILDINUK. To enable tbc State to avail itmli of 1 Federal aid it wna necessary to erect “■joliege buildingH, and these sere ^ioted for occupation by* the . tu- deH and profossors in 1880. These buildings are about a mile ami a half west of Starkville, and occupy positions on both sides of a branch of the Mobile and Ohio llailroad. The principal build ings face the south and arc just north of the railroad and on the crest'iJf a hill, to which the ascent from tho railroad is over a well-kept lawn. These buildings arc: First, the academy, three stories in height, of brick, and 127 feet long by 70 , feet wide. The upper story consists of ' l six class-rooms for the use of certain professors in teaching; the second story consists of six rooms for the use of other professors, and on tho first floor are the College hall or chapel and the ofiices of tho president, (ien. Stephen D. Lee, and the secretary, Prof. T. F. Watson. Second, the dormitory, three stories in height, with basement. It has a front of 275 feet, running cast and west, and two wings, each 140 feet in depth, ex tending at right angles to the main * building. The first Boor contains the library, museum, a lecture room, the oammandant’e quarters and a writing room. On the second floor are two large rooms, au armory and a guard room. The remaining rooms on this door are chambers for the students. On tho third story are about fifty rooms, used exclu sively by the students. The accommo dations of the dormitory are for from 200 to 250 student*. 'Third, tlie laboratory, 50 feet long by 38 wide, a two story building, the upper story of which contains a large lecture room, aa analytical room for the. stu dents, a private work room for the pro fessor of chemistry, and apparatus rooms The lower story is used principally a» J bj Prof. A. M. Meytr*. who 1* also the ^ ‘IWI l>~T * r * ar tete^H[i Thu mem hall is a two story woudoai OwtesiMlflootarattftetet •f two story brick mansion, occupied by General Lee and his family; and at vari ous points on the grounds are residences for tho other professors. The other principal buildings are a <arm-house, a dairy* a barn, an engine-house, and tho stables for the stock, each of which entitled to some special description. , FARMING ANiy nORTlCCLTCUE. Tho College owns l,7ii2 acres of is divided iiito cultivated news, pastures, orchards and vegetable gar dens, and ornamental grounds. There •re, of the 1,7*y iiere^, dsmt 4J00 under actual cultivation iu different crops. These IKK) acres are divided into the farm department and the horticultural department. The former includes the cultivation of the usual plantation crops, such as corn, cotton, peas, etc. The lat ter includes all tho common vegetables and’ fruits. In the farm department tho student is familiarized with tho planting, raising and harvesting of the largo commercial crops, the actual care xif- the cattle on the farm, the construction and use of bonis, stables, |h-us, and with the prac tical use of all the in proved agricultural machiuery now in the Southern htates. In the farm work is included a special course in dairy husliantlrv. covering the theory of breeding shark, feeding for milk, and of waking and shipping milk, cream and butter. This is all reduced to practice in what is called the creame ry, for the purpose* of a liirh there arc uiaiiitain**d ou the fanu 200 heml of 1 wi ll'*, pore bred, grade and native. There is also much attention paid to ensiivge, the raiKing and oaring of hay. elover, etc., all of which, it should lie tome in mind, is d«*ue by^the toy a" tHi-ms* Ivew. In Uk liurticulturwl d< [*«rtiiM ut there an* gapleiw m which okra, tomahHW, caLloges, lawns, Irish j- laltKv and fruits of all kin*ls an* raised. * * CXM BrB ov HTt ui . The course of study |*r« vnlied for (he •tltdeut* IS made Up of 0 ’ Uukigy, Uif !ii<m\ important hsauch.• of wLn-ii sre fertniAatiou and the relation of in’**cts and plants; *11 agncuilun-, imlwduig the principles ol s4.*ck'brv.ding and f> euing, drainage, eullivati.*u, curing and war keting of en*|>a, hm|wuv« m«uit of wni ami manuring; ' ij horttcttltun*, Irait and vrgetahU. cwtiurv, totany, nlk cultun*, etc*; (4) els uo.lry. as aptilioJ to the ai*aiy sis of lauls. planK TioGa. water, etc.; (**i rmglish, cvwi>» of r* adin,; in pnar and taatry, logic ami na uhd •cienn*, with written <w*wys hm ntttly, '•) lualiA mala <*, all the rluWietilary luanche^ up hi calculus aud civd rua wiuTAKi nnavt u. Thi'fw is also the military orgauualiou of the College, with (Senend Lee at the bawl uf the military *l* a wrten* n(, and S.«*uml lur-utenant If. C. 1 Uvia, i nitod 8le»*-w Army, as couimamUnt uf sta- •he u. fhe Hadrlit* are all unifuruMwl in eedet gray and am ilividnl into five oompanta s. l*iartnwlly, the ihsciplitw.' uf (he College la military, ami the r iUw wn-i regulattons in this respect are ol >1“* usual military- institute <*r«it r. All the claeai a are (aught c*>Ui|svny gmi Iwthd- wo drills, dress parade, guard duty, etc. 1 tw *« nior and junior chesw-a am taught target practice and service of the held SOME BALLOON STORIES. TUUILI.IHG K.M’KKI KM'KS OK 1'ltOK. KING AMD THE WISES. TrM\ .lliig Seventy Miles an llnur—l.atuilnic In a W’lMerueiut—jCaiiKlit in aSnnu Storm Without a Valv& Ilope-^Driven to Sea. .war&n immense blubber and harpooned it. It immediately oollajwotl and was taken on board, tho Newberryport papers of tho previous day being found in the car. The professor has been evtjr^ since actively engaged os an aeronaut, ami at various times has taken upuevery mem- brtf^f his family, having in thirty-five J cars made over 300 ascensions. His son, ohn, Jr., who will tako up the “Jndo- pendence" to day, made hu fliwt Mcen- siou at the age of 8, with his grandfather. CAUGHT IN A SNOW STORM. One of the most notable aaoensiona that lias been made was made by him, under the direction of his fatner, at Waynceburg,. Green county, when he was outy 14 years old. After wording a half day at intluting tho balloon, the sup ply of gas gave out when the balloon was only half full. The bollbon refused to ascend w ith the boy, when his father decided to do a thing that has never be fore or since been attempted. He cut the lower half of the Iwlloon off. There are no two namhs better known in the annals of of American aeronautics than those of King and Wise. Professor Samuel A. King is now in his sixtieth year. Since 1851 he has been a practi cal aeronaut, making bis iitst ascension in the summer of that year from the old Zoological Garden, in Fairmonnt 1’ark. Since then he has made 280 aerial voy ages and a great many lesser ascensions. His wife, who is a quiet, modest little woman, has made a nnmln r Sili asnrn sions with him and regards ballooning a much safer mode of traveling than car riage riding. She'is afraid of horses, but doesn’t mind taking a jaunt through the air a mil** or so above the earth. In one of her trips she once hail a narrow escape. It was two years ago at In-1 reach (ho valve cord, he got caught dianajiolia. After a ruuarkably pleasant heavy snow storm and was driven forty ascension the balloon in descending sud- j miles in forty minutes. Lamding where dcnly swayed when near the earth and there were no mean* of *s*•**>w**.. caught in a (lead tree. The sharp branch j ho was not heard from for two day a riptHi] the balloon oiarn causing it to fhe exnt.-m. ut of the citizens was so cuUajac, and landing the basket in which intense that Uiev organized a committee she and her husband sat in a fork of the j to search lor soil give l.«tn • reception tree, sixty fart from the earth. A* «pnefc f whcn-fowiid. W+rni hr was found the ught I aeronaut went beyond the Land without raiu storm the 14-j sailing into sjiace, am' clomU, hatless and coat! a valve cord. ilo was directed by hi* father not to go over two miles, but beidg unable to reach th ■ valve cord, he gut caught in a a fork of the , tort (rum the earth. A* »piiHt * vhnrfotuid. When hr I as thought Proftwsor king braced the | citizen* tilled t.ia hut with UuJu't with a rope, until be liad cut the balloon away, then, dropping aiiulher rope to some farm hatuhs Im* looarne>l the Ijaskct and was lowered over a limb to the earth. Neither be nor hi* wife received a scratch. ' The only time he was ever hurt w is in from AturusU, Ga. When is found money. THE DEADLY TORNADO. 1.0S8ES IN Til K IN IT Ell STATES ESTI MATED AT w:ioo,<h»o,(m>o. Tornado-Centering Keglous—pmiuenry of Cyclone. In the MlMlsnlppI Vslley—IZST a Mild ToniMdo Year. The terrible destruction of life and property by tornadoes at this season causes much fear in several States. Re cent investigations by Lieutenant John P. Finlay, signal service, United States amy, reveal to some extent the danger in each region, which will do much to allay unnecessary alarm in the Eastern buttes. At the same time other regions before thought to be comparatively sale arc found to be more dangerous than Whilo^ had been supposed. he wss doing this some oflicieus spcclft- * fri... , ... • tor cut the valve rope two foot liyond ^ fin ? ,tnk,ng ri ‘* ult of ^ e “ m1 ’ the boy's reach, ano^ the midst of a BAtiou of Lientenaut Finlay's map, show- H He was nearly frozen U> diath during the voyage, and when Im- <1* sounded was cov ered with icM-lca. hi net* UA-11 ho has made 2**rf> saccuiH ns without an aocaU uk TWO MJCWAKKSnUI AIM KN-ilOX*. The highend asomsiou ever made was st.aly Iwwl gwonM try, nag. uguaka, i he dcaoended the balloon caught on n 1 *lead pine and was torn. Ilo aUnuptod ' to tleaceod by the drag tope, when the lialloon ollaieml and came down with a I crash, badly Lnuaiug, lint oihcrwnae not | hurting him. Home of hia voyagea, how ever, have brvn czcwodiagly |vnk*as, auiuc TUkAUUS*. voiaoka. , on KcptemU r a * r, 1 B arronaut G«*gp Englaml, ht l .u i A»,t>»» U>< kigl I,US* feat p» r u ocuditig altitmto 1 i athwly 1 chmlwd , lN>2, by 1-"-— Glaiah- lie lift the earth with well at Wolverhampton, t p. ui., and nt 1.54 was , going at* at the rate of mate, lie kept on aa- jui.ior ou tlie jmax'; in Um* junior ytwr l pt<*ii'. uo taught, and in the M-utor and year there are lortuns ►cictce ami art of war. I tic military cququm-nt of Um* cadet* consist* of two 3 ineU li<wd ptemw, 25(1 nlltw, cartndgt., etc., all of which is furnished by the l ath'd btaUw Govi-rn mmt, aith the «ioe|*tion of 1UU nffea furnished by th>- btale. LIFE Ol Tin: STI DENTS. The foregoing (ketch of the work done at the institntiou gives only a dry Abstract of the essential d«-tails of the life of the student. This life is, how ever, one of groat variety and activity. The govei uunnt of the institution is all of a republic nitlnu a republic, and is divided sliarply between the military and agricultunu features. In fact these features are quite distiuot, and iu now ise conflict with each other, tho discipline of tho one securing discipline iu tho other. -When the college boy hero goes out into Uie field he doffs his military trap pings and puts on his old clothes, old slices, old bat, etc., jnst as his father does on the homestead (arm iu any opunty in Missisaippi. In other words he goes out to work and he does not go in holiday attire. Iu the morning, in the class room or on dress parade, he is as gorgeous as you might desire, lie has a tine uniform with plenty of brass buttons, all of which lie wears with tho self complacency of having j>aid for them by honest labor through loug and dusty ia summer or wet kind.dreary days in winter. In the afternoon you may meet him at some place, any place, on the farm and you will not know him. He wears a slouch hat, very honest old clothes and a very honest old face. Maybe he is weeding turnips or digging potatoes, og you will meet him out on some of the green pastures driving the cows, or if you peep into the cow stables yon see him play ing’tho jnilk maid. You will meet him at any given point over all the broad acres of the farm, and in ninety- uine cases out of a hundred he is doing something that will help him to pay^ns expenses at the College. And this ho does in a fashion that deserves a special chapter. At night, after an afternoon’s work, he goes homo to study and in the morning uc appears again a military chrysalis as gaudy and as happy as on the day before. ( LOSE OF THE S1SS10N. Just udw the College is alout to close for the present year. Tho oomzwmco- uent exercises for 1887 were opened yus er day at ll'a. in., at which time Dr. <V. M. Greer, of Elwkiue College, South Jarohua, preached a sermon and again act night at 8.30 -o’clock. Theau exer- (In * trtober It, 187a, he wt-nt up from Srranton. got caught in a *Uuisfc-nu an*! cmoM- down at Oak Station, Mont- gotmty county, I to milt* from Um start tug point, the whoU' tnp •••n.umiug tmt two hours. On (fctober 15, 1**1. he made bis iiM-<Bonsbto aan-usioa from Chicagu with Uaaliajc u of the Signal s. rvMv lloruan. He was up moctoen hour*, and drarrmkvl in the (ViacoMAn Ia*uu at •’> p. m wiktortMaa, whefv he ami hi* o.mmih*. •►o louuty, Nu loat tii« u way ami auib roi k-mbly be fore they again raine iu oubtact wiUt riftli—Hub Uim night he wa* suspcmhsl L-lw.en ky aud earth for bthouraovvr the Mi dm- and Canada wiida rues*. Ilia rija-ru-iitx tliat night was thrilling and remarkable. The aiax-nsum was made at Ip. in. at! I‘hmouth, N. 11., hia conqianiou being ! Lutlu-r II llohlen, uf the lltaton Jour ua. For six hour* they hung over a wnltl the ball 4 37,i«ai tonC UMaMMOOWS, up tho ropra attained an < •lataher lawmni* but Coggaaell ami pullM Um vGve rope with hia teeth. TWy do ►oended at the rate ai 2,«»a* fed per wan- ule until the tadloon formed a pacnehute, • ton it oame down rasdy, seven mile* from the darting point The longest ami fasted tadloon voyage was made on J41y 1, HCU, by John Wtar, Hr., Lai klouuUui ami Ouver 1*. (mger, of New York. They toft Ht and lam led in Jcffer- York, at.2.35 p. u». Um •czt day, the dials non tiring 1, luu nutoa a* Uki bird dna, ami 1,2UI) mikw as the balUglu dew. Mol MTAIft kOHHKMa. Whs Mats before a tonal tart MW | mile above tbc wihlenMw, the balloon not lowing a foot of gaa or tho car an oonoo of ladlast When they laudiwl next morning they came down at the heml of a new railroad which was luring ooualructud 250 milos below (yuobi'c, noar tho Golf of Ht Lawrence, over which they had spent a portion of the night The road wa* 200 mile* away from any other road or civilization. They rode to (Quebec on a buokboanl, dnven by a French Canadian. Mr. Holden always attributed their locky deaoiut to an iutorpoaition of Divine rrovidence. In an aaoenmon he made in August, 1875, from Hmlington, Iowa, be was caught in a thunder storm, and came near being struck by lightniug. The exjiausion of the air acted on the balloon and drove the gas from tho neck on to his head, and through the open valve with terrific velocity. Uc had a thrilling descent through tuc clouds, and on reaching the earth went crashing through trees, landing twelve miles from whore he ascended, having been driven back by tho storm. Tho whole trip consumed three-quarters of an hour. AN AERIAL 11R1DAL TRI1’. On tho Fourth of July of tho same year he took a party of seven, including two bridal couples, over Lake Erie from Cleveland. The bfdloon sailed over the lake to Buffalof where it struck a back current and returned, passing Cleveland, gradually approaching tho Canada shore, which it struck at Point au Tele. It then crossed a strip of Canada and 35 miles of Lake SL Clair, landing 11 miles from Port Huron at midnight, having made 480 miles in 13 hours. On another Fourth of July he took five newspaper men from Buffalo to Quinton, N. J. He crossed the Alle ghenies and followed the Susquehanna as far as Havre dc Grace, took a sharp turn and sailed due east across Delaware into New Jersey, the whole trip taking thirteen hours. ooality, and in fact aru ucecaiarily look *d upon With.great uiUn-st ail over the State, there baiug repreecntativu young urn h- o- from aiiml uVurv oouuty ih m b 'IM uml.- pp* an Matas 11m amhrr 271 County from aevural other it *» • I Wn<» UU. X THE WISE FAMILY. ,X Professor Charles Wise, under whose direction tho “Independence” wijl be sent up, is the son of the late Professor John Wise, Sr., who was lost while making an aerial voyage. He made his first ascension thirty-seven years ago, when but 13 years of age, at Shannondale Springs, West Virginia. He went up two and one-half miles and staid up three hours, landing sixty-six miles from the starting point, to which place he re turned in an ox cart. Four years later lie made an ascension from Newberry- jHirt, Maas., on the occasion of a civic celebration. The wind was blowing to ward the ocean and the committee offer ed to pay the pnoe of the ascension ;isus i. a a great a vuiit m Um immediate rather than take any risks, but after con- ' suiting with his father he <to^b*.l u> make the asouusion. After going up Is,IMA) feet very rapidly and duuMBdteg still mure rapidly he struck Plum Island bar. As there Mere no inhabitant* and Tappto the only out ol the emli •m to jump< hi Wk SdfiuSg^Lta Tht if IhrtralB- Tri«%f>lriB l»lBtep|s«tarte«l. In Putnam county, Tunnemet' tin war. for seventy-live y«ura, •ithin three tuik-a ol Cookevik*, La«tii»« from ImuiaMUt-, Konlueky, through down into Georgia and South Carolina, wa* known as the Kentucky stock read, and was at that tune the principal high way for trak-rs I >ctwcen the two sectioua. Plant, m, slave deak'i* anil stock m* u would drive their negroe*, mult*, etc., down t« the southern market, returning with the money from their mle. buch partuxa were fre<|oently nuaang very mysterioualy, no trace of them ever being fouud. The road ran through a wild, thinly settled mountain country. The stopping place*, or dwellings where a traveler could get shelter, frequently were thirty or forty miles apart, and a* recent investigations show, were kept by robbers and murderers of tho wont de- Hcriptiou, who for years followed this busiuee* of wholesale robbery and mur der. About thirty yuan ago a man, who is now a citizen of Cooke, found a skele ton at the entrance to a cave, bat no far ther investigation was ever made until a couple of years ago, aud it was left for a stranger to make ilisooveriee that oast in the shade all stories of like descrip tion, where tho writer finds his terrible characters only in his own brain. A party was organized under the lead ership of Mr. Ferd Kincaid to explore the cave where the skeleton was found thirty years ago. Back on the mountain side about one-half a mile from one of the notorious stopping places described, the entrance to the cave was formed. A hole, something like a well, going straight down thirty-five feet, was first passed through, and then the cavq,opens into large caverns, with a downward bourse under the mountain. At the bot tom of the shaft the party found human bones, and with a little digging in the debris that had accumulated at this point, unearthed about sixty skeletons of men who have been murdered and thrown down this hole. Home skulls were found with bullet holes through them, others being mashed with an axe or instrument of that kind. . Old citizens now living in this Vicinity -ay that tho keepers of these dens would ^eep track of the travelers when they paused through with stock, and on their return they Would lie almost certain to disappe&L. The robbers were even so liolu they would take the clothing and saddles and hbrsos of their victims and use them publicly. They would get a man drunk, if possible, and, as whiskey was plentiful and the custom of drinking common, it was no hard mjdtar ’ to do, then in their drunken stupor kill, rib and throw their bodies in the hole, and without doubt many men, as this fearful disclosure proves, never returned to their homes, and anxious friends waited and watched and, wondered why. they re turned not Not far off, by the side of tho road •tHFstands a hottar. The walls of one zoom arc stained and spotted with humor hlood. Above, in the mountains, about -wotity mile*, was still a worse place, U. -joaible, Hmb teds. Another case Ts hare, and would, if lawhgsfod, repeat Im sukeniiij; story. Th* paopfa are over this of thu eU (hr il (hr regh PateuBi eoua- •en v#bo talea,- end tawe tuorial eru&re will TW “fe mi Dr ing the geographical distribution of tor nadoes from 1882 to 1886 inclusive ia that they uniformly avoid extended mountain range*. The Rocky Moun tains present so insurmountable a barri er that the country lying west of this is almost entirely free from violent tornado tracts seen in and Missouri. It is known that' ■tom centers which form west of the Rocky Mountains are imperfectly do-, veloped, and are not pcnustect or vio lent in their course until the Miamsaippi valley is rvaehnl. Tornadoes form at an | av.-rage distance of 453 mile* southeast 1 of thu mam storm center, as shown in forty one cMaaoted by 1'rofeaeur U. A. llason, of the signal service. It follosra that the cold air from the foot of the Rooky Mountains, coming in the wake of and eastward moving storm mauleat- idg* unusually low barometer, eaosr* sharp contrasts of tesnprretare in Ksiinsi and Missouri, and these contrasts, eume- times a* muefa as fifty degress, result la great tornado frequency in northwestern Missouri and northern —— It is further shown by the dismbatiou of tornado tracts that the averts of severi ty and destruction Meadlly U mens ss Um ■tor* outers move eastward from the Ml—ppt valley. This waning of tor nado power ie gradual, but the danger •loee not entirely cease as the Atlantic Is Bpt’rwchod. Tbs coast Uim* of the Gulf or Mexico and of Um Atlantic • nearly free from tornado. *, great contrasts aaoumpaaying uteri cannot develop, owing to Um equalising effart of Um oosan tem perature end moisture. u rua tuasusum vAJxnr. Of the total number of tornadoes re ported nearly one half occur m Um Mm- •Miippi valley, wlueh ie the region of ta violence. TW lapee of time make this even more marked, W Um records of the Kastern kttaU ■ a much longer period, while the number of tornadoes m tarn. TW region uf gnatert frreiusBcy is along Um north and west boundary hues of Mma>un, in- creasing toward the point of intersection. Then comes northwustom Georgia ex A very solid and compact region of tornado development ia iu southern Michigan, tending toward otLakeV the tower jmrt Michigan. Fur a Giswnoc Ol about 2uU mike aiiure, this region nearly equal* that of K snss* in frequency, though it has not more than tenth it* extent, and its avenge se venty is far less. In the htatern State-, the most remark aide region next to New York, is in the Connecticut river valley, which seems to be persist enUy followed by tornadoes through Connecticut and Massachusetts into New Hampshire. TW open country here favors the development of a small torna do with a tract about a mile or half a mile long, and from two hundred to five hundred feet in width. Wuetern Con necticut and MssmchuectU favor the accumulation of warm air from the southwest, which moves steadily uorih- ward, while Pennsylvania, Virginia and western Delaware remain cool, this oalining sharp odhtrasts of temperature. In so nth eastern Pennsylvania the bend of the Delaware river tliure is a group of tornadoes centering near Trenton, N. J. Southeast of Lakes Erie and Ontario there is afao a lively region, which iz an extension duo to the still high contrasts of temperature common in the Missis sippi valley and southeastern Michigan. In northeastern Mississippi there is s very marked extension of the Georgia Alabama region, though not quite equaling it in frequency. LOHSBS of LIFE AND PROPERTY. TJie value of property reported to the signal service as destroyed in 205 years years was abont $28,000,000. Lieutenant Finlay estimates this' to be about one- tenth the actual value, making the total losses about $300,000,000. The number of deaths reported was 3,165, and the injured 5,040. - Those figures are donbiless much be low the actual damage, because tornado reports include tho main facts only. The transmission of news is partly obstruct ed, and isolated regions escape report. The comparison of a number of torna does, with the kmount of forest land by Htates, according to the United Htates census, indicates that these storms are not appreciataly influenced by the pres ence or absence of forests. Tornadoes are caused by the persistent movement and accumulation of air masser-on an immense scale. Forests and other local features of landscape have little effect. The signal service reported 280 torna does for 1886, 136 for 1885, 200 for 1884, 161 for 1883, and from that time back to 870 the number diminishes to 9. This oes not represent a change in the actual □amber, bat only indicates additional facilities for observation, doe to the : I presv and people, as well ss to the or ganization of a large staff of volantary tornado reporters in 1884, under the so- l»ervisioD of Lieutenant Finlay. In 1885 Um number of reporters had increased to 1886 to 2J 1,5001 working fores seat in i ufvwy 2,500. This great advance in this direction. 1887 A MILD TORNADO TRAIL The numlier of tornadoes ropdrtad. from January 1 to June 11, 1887, is 123/ In 1886, for the same period, there were 216, which shows that taken yearly there are great fluctuation*. The figures bo far indicate 1888 is a very mnch milder tornado year than 1886. In JtUy the Eastern States begin to contribute their proportion in addition to thoee still due in the Western Htates. The most im portant deductions from tlie signal ser vice statistics is that there is no evidence of variation in the number of tornadoes, but only an apparent increase caused by better repo rtorial aud press facilities. It would require s vast lapse of time to do m oust rate the theory that the cut ting awav of forests affects the number and deadly violence of tornadoes. They may be considered a fixed characteristic of the United Htates, like the geological formation of tho mountain rangea, and the average number may be considered as little subject to change. TWy seem an inevitable result of the movement of immense masses of air over comparative ly level plains and on the bounaariss be tween the temperate and torrid sum*. Tornadoes occur in India and Ji end part* of Europe where land are free from extouded mountain rang**. It would be a valuable contribution to actrnoe if tW tornadoes that occur in India and Japan were -Irwfirl and re corded. This might lead to IW further advaooemeat ol the ■rvoo- uf tornado prediction in the I nitod Htates, which st present await* tW aoboa of Congram to carry it to a high degree of saving many Itvm nod property. am orrirtat. risa wremi, Mew leptele I Wa* nilt.S Uy s ••■as-rwa. >Wi m im w—aioyssu Hnr. i«ir 11 A bulletin uf tW United Htetea Kish CummuMon just Musd gives tw foKow- mg account, as described in a letter to Fro feasor Ihuid, of the kilting of a maa by a swuid-A«4i: "TW ech» •oaer Vanns ia a «n»*il sums! of about twrivs tuns, owaud sad anm maodnl by Franklin D. I sagafnrd. of 1 suswvilk. Mass . with a area uf three tern, eogagni in the gwnrial th** eu**t *>l Mare.ri>—Ms. (In teurmug. August 9, ■tiled Iron bum* la l•nlaaB uf fish. Al«iwt II o’sfueu in Ik when right ilk* ourttieast f* 1‘oiat, ia Ipswish liny, a fiah was mss. TW captain, with ows man, a dory, gave ehasr. t the fiah, thiuwtBf « line alterIm.I to tL, harpoon, Um fish wa* left and tWy return to vwsaal for dian* r About aa hour tW captain, aith ooe man, again Iu* dory ami a«at out to recare tW INckiog up Umi Isioy, ( *| tom took hold uf the iiue, polling hia toward tho sword fiah. which wua quite Urge and not badly wounded. TW has •• taut aa the Usd slowly liters I 14* fiah, which th* Captain inUndud to lane* ami thus kill it. When mar Um fish, l*ut too far away to nteeh il with Um now, it quR-klv turned and rushed at and under the Uat, thrusting its sword its sword up through the bottom uf tW boat twenty-three inch**. As the fiah turned and rushed toward the boat tW line was soddeniv sleeked, neuaine lb* Captain to fall over on his hack; ami while W was in the act of ns ag thg rord came piercing through the boat and into his body. At this tune another swordfish was in sight near by, and the Captain, excited and aaxioua to secure lK>th, raised himself up, not knowing that he was wounded. Hemug the sword, he seized it, exclaiming, ‘We’ve got him, an way!’ He lay ia the bottom of the dory, litHint], fast to the sword until his vessel came alongside, while the fish, be ing under the boat, could not be reach ed. Hoon the Captain add, ‘I think 1 am hurt, and quite badly.’’ When the vessel arrived he went on board, took a few slope, and fell, never rising again. Tho boat aud fish were soon homed on board, when the sword was chopped ofl to free the boat, and the fiah was killed on the deck of tho vessel. The fish weighed 245 pounds after its head and tail were cot off and the viscera removed; when alive it weighed something over 300 pounds. Captain Laugsford sur vived tho ipjory about three days, dying on Thursday, August 12 of peritonitis. The sword has been deoosited in the United Htates National Museum.” ■tePP T. A. EDISON, THE WIZARD. : * ■ 1 1 - expenditure saved. There is every rea son to believe that if the tornado records were carried forward for several hundred years an astouishi&g regularity would be nvuna ABOUT HI® KXmtMBm discovered. 1 he Htatistios already shew a bwov w po«®,anmi Mormons at Work. Charleston, 8. C., Julv 6.—Serions trouble is feared on the nnks of the Havannah River near Augusta, Ga. The Rev. David Berion and Elders Hpencer and Murray, Mormon missionaries, have been preaching in that locality for some time. They have converted about twen ty-five families of the more ignorant whites. Tho doctrine expounded is that all who do not adopt the faith of Mor- moniam and go to Utah before 1893 will be destroyed by fire; that no marriages are in accordance with the laws ol God except thoee sectioned by the Mormon Church and that no woman can attain to absoldte perfection in the future unless married in this life. Notice to leave the locality has been served on film mission aries by the more responsible citizens, but they have refused to comply. The missionaries are backed up by their con verts, and declare that they will resist any attempt of the regulators to drive them from the country. I. il Rsslly V> Many a case supposed to be radical lime liscase is really one of liver complaint and indirection,"Wt, UHt» that diseased IWer fan Tie restored to healthy action, H wifi s* dog the lungs with corrupting matter sa to firing ou their ith corrupting t 4>eedy deeay.l scrofula of In the It Dr. IN SUBMABINB SlOXAUBtt. Ths Captains of Vassal* Zsrs* Mils* A . Caa Talk With Koch Other-1 n phi* Hajrlag Ktestvteal HU Laboratory. A smooth-faced, thick-set, looking man, attend in a grey suit and accompanied by two hsmtaoms youag women, stepped briskly up to th® date of tho Continental Hotel office and regte- tored in a plain round bank hand. “Thomas A. Edison, Oranga, N. J." It is the wizard of eteerioity. The young women were hie wife and tester 4n-law. He appeared to be enjoying the beet of health, and aid the stories about U® being at the point of death while te Florida were without foundation. Be id he bed come to Phikdeishta te r\ laboratory at M. J. The laboratory, the waste has just begun, wlU, wteeu i bsildines i ttrtty to via trip hs sate he wua ®e uuB with Iks sltoMto that he had af M® efa to h® Aeeooa as . te ®ae of Jay ni Unioa Telegraph oteese about OBaofJsyOoBld'l After the i the captain i and continue the i ilea of water, in the until it strikes another the operation may be repaid anti whole breadth of the nnsen ha® creased. It will alao beaeefnlaaaa of tegnaling by a vw Mr. Edison seenu experiment® would meet with na but regrets that he cannot eend the i TAfl of the beat make®. <25 eater and balance November 1, at mot oate arieea on a Piano. $10 eaah Rnd balance No-" vember 1, at spot eate prices on aa Organ. Delivered, freight free, at year areetdeAdh- Fifteen days tote trite and freight both w®ys if nut mtirtsetory. Writefor circulars. N. W. TRUMP. ♦ \ * Oetefltete, k CL ■ Albion, te Erie oonnty, Pa., hat a curiosity te therimpeof a ektek ttnnds seven late htek onma chains sad great wrijSTtltaSil mg old Boman figures, with worke made of boxwood sad pore ivory. It ie a peetfet and upward of 100 yuan eld. —Looka eoonty, Ta., ie a the i ~ kere__ _, KLA and laid < reman, Irndh four distiuot (bout the teas te a! v •0- t ' * 4:- * . 4 I