The Barnwell people. (Barnwell, S.C.) 1884-1925, July 14, 1887, Image 1
f
. \ ,
„..S!SSSK$(
- ;
—u.
VOL. X.
BARNWELL, S. THURSDAY, JULY 0, 1887.
"Ir- 4f '
r.'rrr^
TIIK MISSISSIITI CX)LLE(ili
V
IfSOBIGIK, ITS I’KKSKNT KUVIPMfcST
A HD ITS WORK.
Au Obuervor** Account of (Jen. p. IV I.ce'»
Karmcr’H CoIlcRf’—Tlio t'I»»»-Kooia uml
the Karin.
(Krnm tb.' W< u-« anil l oniinr }
Aobioultttbal and Meohanicai*' Cod-
lxue oF.Mississim, July 4.—lieft rriug
to a uumbor of notes taken in a mid
summer tour of four of tUo most import
ant Southern States,-rtlo not know that
I could select a more interesting subject
than the Agricultural and Mechanical
College of Mississippi. This may be
stated without discounting, in any wise,
the many places, institutions and things
of note along the hues of railways which
connect Charleston w*h the peculiarly
favored land in whifti the institution
named is situated.
. *' TH* COUJHiK.
To begin with, however, the fi rm
“Agricultural and Mechanical College," j
as applied to this College, is a misoi mci'
The mechanical department has m-t yet i
liee'O provided for, but luay be rvt iiscd
at any lime when the institution >3 so'
far favomi by the Lrginlatare ol Missis
sippi. The College i«, thcrvfxre, prae
Ueally an agricultural institution wi h its
baadmaidi im of the nudianmal ar s tel
uxiwetancy.
bat whatever this institution mae Imit
has caused a great stir in rucial, agi icui .
tiarahaod political nrelcs evi r sun • it* |
ssUhli-nuicut, sevru years ago. I. was
cratlksl in opposition, strong but not!
iatai, it has trsvelevl over a rough reaal I
and still nurwvea; and it has lived . own
a certain elaas ol o|>)>uoenta and is still 1
doing Iwttiv against tome forniK'alile {
Iocs, As Iwtaran the e-mmirs of th« I
t'oUvsi' and its fneeds the Imaa arr very I
■har)4y tlraan, and ev.if the aun«,wfa*|
tlVv strang* r, who iuus, may read.
TIIC ISnl'K* '7ITS1*.
UruaiUy slated, (Im «|ncstlon is ot .■ of
utility IKms it |siy thr tas|wy«f up |
port Iht-Coikgs*; amt, granting Um ol* 1
pwts •>( thr t oUrge I > lir fnHr ra itrd 1
out, do iW rraull* a srrant U.i Ht*l In I
caatliniung u* aiiprupruui>*b.T Th* um-’
lory of thr l oliryit up to pr -ml!
timr avmca aith it Umi solution of • cry I
one of these probli-m*. la an* 11> 11 of .
this history therefore, msrtttnM to a!
ckwr nuiMapUou of the intarvato^ itu
ns ugn.is.
(tom alba can be hamesl from thvj
vanoua puUisJinl report*, the Co -•'gw j
oa»a its ongm to the Act of the (hi ral J
(•ornament, leased in Ihiti, to rnr-xu-
age the estehliahmnil «f imlttatltal x4-1
h-gee in the StaUa. 1 his Act, an >iig
other things, pcovideal fur the **sn ' jn 1
incut, support ami auunle iianew m * *eli
Stair of at least Olft? %litTv lut
tedlUff object <Juill In*, VillMHit t*Vt tilt*
.ug other oeirntilic an*I rInns iral stu- as,
ami uaciml.ng military taet.es, to t reb
sm h biancbta of learning as are rei *led
to spnculluiv and the mvchaiac art. m
sueC duenu r as the* Ls-glalsluria of the
States may ivapoctirvly prvarrfbc m or
der to promote the* liberal and prac .cal
education of the industrial elm*, a"
Mwuaaii ipt^B^aharo of the sgneult ral
amountcel in lH..** to
is now in the b ate
trunairT bearing lire jsr cent in In < st.
1 hr masiasippi LegL**laturv hi I^TH
lUvidod this fund between .Mourn l ai-
versity (for eolurad youths> and the
present Agricultural and Merbartoal
College of Mirsiasippi, giving to inch
gl 1 J,.*»7U. buUwtiueniiy the* Ijegislature
pended gl 'i.UIXi of this money in the
purchase of hinds, leaving to each of the
institutious named a balance* of ££*,-'Tfi,
which yields an annual interest at live
per cent of about $4,1128. The. but*
Legislature up to within tho puat y car
or two had appropriated tho suin' of
$^12,500 annually for the suppo
institution.
18
land,
support of the
THE MJILDINUK.
To enable tbc State to avail itmli of
1 Federal aid it wna necessary to erect
“■joliege buildingH, and these sere
^ioted for occupation by* the . tu-
deH and profossors in 1880. These
buildings are about a mile ami a half
west of Starkville, and occupy positions
on both sides of a branch of the Mobile
and Ohio llailroad. The principal build
ings face the south and arc just north of
the railroad and on the crest'iJf a hill, to
which the ascent from tho railroad is
over a well-kept lawn. These buildings
arc:
First, the academy, three stories in
height, of brick, and 127 feet long by 70
, feet wide. The upper story consists of
' l six class-rooms for the use of certain
professors in teaching; the second story
consists of six rooms for the use of other
professors, and on tho first floor are the
College hall or chapel and the ofiices of
tho president, (ien. Stephen D. Lee, and
the secretary, Prof. T. F. Watson.
Second, the dormitory, three stories
in height, with basement. It has a front
of 275 feet, running cast and west, and
two wings, each 140 feet in depth, ex
tending at right angles to the main
* building. The first Boor contains the
library, museum, a lecture room, the
oammandant’e quarters and a writing
room. On the second floor are two large
rooms, au armory and a guard room.
The remaining rooms on this door are
chambers for the students. On tho third
story are about fifty rooms, used exclu
sively by the students. The accommo
dations of the dormitory are for from
200 to 250 student*.
'Third, tlie laboratory, 50 feet long by
38 wide, a two story building, the upper
story of which contains a large lecture
room, aa analytical room for the. stu
dents, a private work room for the pro
fessor of chemistry, and apparatus rooms
The lower story is used principally a»
J bj Prof. A. M. Meytr*. who 1* also the
^ ‘IWI l>~T * r * ar tete^H[i
Thu mem hall is a two story woudoai
OwtesiMlflootarattftetet
•f
two story brick mansion, occupied by
General Lee and his family; and at vari
ous points on the grounds are residences
for tho other professors. The other
principal buildings are a <arm-house, a
dairy* a barn, an engine-house, and tho
stables for the stock, each of which
entitled to some special description.
, FARMING ANiy nORTlCCLTCUE.
Tho College owns l,7ii2 acres of
is divided iiito cultivated news,
pastures, orchards and vegetable gar
dens, and ornamental grounds. There
•re, of the 1,7*y iiere^, dsmt 4J00 under
actual cultivation iu different crops.
These IKK) acres are divided into the
farm department and the horticultural
department. The former includes the
cultivation of the usual plantation crops,
such as corn, cotton, peas, etc. The lat
ter includes all tho common vegetables
and’ fruits.
In the farm department tho student is
familiarized with tho planting, raising
and harvesting of the largo commercial
crops, the actual care xif- the cattle on
the farm, the construction and use of
bonis, stables, |h-us, and with the prac
tical use of all the in proved agricultural
machiuery now in the Southern htates.
In the farm work is included a special
course in dairy husliantlrv. covering the
theory of breeding shark, feeding for
milk, and of waking and shipping milk,
cream and butter. This is all reduced
to practice in what is called the creame
ry, for the purpose* of a liirh there arc
uiaiiitain**d ou the fanu 200 heml of 1 wi
ll'*, pore bred, grade and native. There
is also much attention paid to ensiivge,
the raiKing and oaring of hay. elover,
etc., all of which, it should lie tome in
mind, is d«*ue by^the toy a" tHi-ms* Ivew.
In Uk liurticulturwl d< [*«rtiiM ut there
an* gapleiw m which okra, tomahHW,
caLloges, lawns, Irish j- laltKv and
fruits of all kin*ls an* raised.
* * CXM BrB ov HTt ui .
The course of study |*r« vnlied for (he
•tltdeut* IS made Up of 0 ’ Uukigy, Uif
!ii<m\ important hsauch.• of wLn-ii sre
fertniAatiou and the relation of in’**cts
and plants; *11 agncuilun-, imlwduig the
principles ol s4.*ck'brv.ding and f> euing,
drainage, eullivati.*u, curing and war
keting of en*|>a, hm|wuv« m«uit of wni ami
manuring; ' ij horttcttltun*, Irait and
vrgetahU. cwtiurv, totany, nlk cultun*,
etc*; (4) els uo.lry. as aptilioJ to the
ai*aiy sis of lauls. planK TioGa. water,
etc.; (**i rmglish, cvwi>» of r* adin,; in
pnar and taatry, logic ami na uhd
•cienn*, with written <w*wys hm ntttly,
'•) lualiA mala <*, all the rluWietilary
luanche^ up hi
calculus aud civd
rua wiuTAKi nnavt u.
Thi'fw is also the military orgauualiou
of the College, with (Senend Lee at the
bawl uf the military *l* a wrten* n(, and
S.«*uml lur-utenant If. C. 1 Uvia, i nitod
8le»*-w Army, as couimamUnt uf sta-
•he u. fhe Hadrlit* are all unifuruMwl
in eedet gray and am ilividnl into five
oompanta s. l*iartnwlly, the ihsciplitw.'
uf (he College la military, ami the r iUw
wn-i regulattons in this respect are ol >1“*
usual military- institute <*r«it r. All the
claeai a are (aught c*>Ui|svny gmi Iwthd-
wo drills, dress parade, guard duty, etc.
1 tw *« nior and junior chesw-a am taught
target practice and service of the held
SOME BALLOON STORIES.
TUUILI.IHG K.M’KKI KM'KS OK 1'ltOK.
KING AMD THE WISES.
TrM\ .lliig Seventy Miles an llnur—l.atuilnic
In a W’lMerueiut—jCaiiKlit in aSnnu Storm
Without a Valv& Ilope-^Driven to Sea.
.war&n immense blubber and harpooned
it. It immediately oollajwotl and was
taken on board, tho Newberryport papers
of tho previous day being found in the
car. The professor has been evtjr^ since
actively engaged os an aeronaut, ami at
various times has taken upuevery mem-
brtf^f his family, having in thirty-five
J cars made over 300 ascensions. His son,
ohn, Jr., who will tako up the “Jndo-
pendence" to day, made hu fliwt Mcen-
siou at the age of 8, with his grandfather.
CAUGHT IN A SNOW STORM.
One of the most notable aaoensiona
that lias been made was made by him,
under the direction of his fatner, at
Waynceburg,. Green county, when he
was outy 14 years old. After wording a
half day at intluting tho balloon, the sup
ply of gas gave out when the balloon
was only half full. The bollbon refused
to ascend w ith the boy, when his father
decided to do a thing that has never be
fore or since been attempted. He cut
the lower half of the Iwlloon off.
There are no two namhs better known
in the annals of of American aeronautics
than those of King and Wise. Professor
Samuel A. King is now in his sixtieth
year. Since 1851 he has been a practi
cal aeronaut, making bis iitst ascension
in the summer of that year from the old
Zoological Garden, in Fairmonnt 1’ark.
Since then he has made 280 aerial voy
ages and a great many lesser ascensions.
His wife, who is a quiet, modest little
woman, has made a nnmln r Sili asnrn
sions with him and regards ballooning a
much safer mode of traveling than car
riage riding. She'is afraid of horses,
but doesn’t mind taking a jaunt through
the air a mil** or so above the earth. In
one of her trips she once hail a narrow
escape. It was two years ago at In-1 reach (ho valve cord, he got caught
dianajiolia. After a ruuarkably pleasant heavy snow storm and was driven forty
ascension the balloon in descending sud- j miles in forty minutes. Lamding where
dcnly swayed when near the earth and there were no mean* of *s*•**>w**..
caught in a (lead tree. The sharp branch j ho was not heard from for two day a
riptHi] the balloon oiarn causing it to fhe exnt.-m. ut of the citizens was so
cuUajac, and landing the basket in which intense that Uiev organized a committee
she and her husband sat in a fork of the j to search lor soil give l.«tn • reception
tree, sixty fart from the earth. A* «pnefc f whcn-fowiid. W+rni hr was found the
ught
I aeronaut went
beyond the
Land without
raiu storm the 14-j
sailing into sjiace, am'
clomU, hatless and coat!
a valve cord.
ilo was directed by hi* father not to
go over two miles, but beidg unable to
reach th ■ valve cord, he gut caught in a
a fork of the ,
tort (rum the earth. A* »piiHt * vhnrfotuid. When hr I
as thought Proftwsor king braced the | citizen* tilled t.ia hut with
UuJu't with a rope, until be liad cut the
balloon away, then, dropping aiiulher
rope to some farm hatuhs Im* looarne>l
the Ijaskct and was lowered over a limb
to the earth. Neither be nor hi* wife
received a scratch. '
The only time he was ever hurt w is in
from AturusU, Ga. When
is found
money.
THE DEADLY TORNADO.
1.0S8ES IN Til K IN IT Ell STATES ESTI
MATED AT w:ioo,<h»o,(m>o.
Tornado-Centering Keglous—pmiuenry of
Cyclone. In the MlMlsnlppI Vslley—IZST
a Mild ToniMdo Year.
The terrible destruction of life and
property by tornadoes at this season
causes much fear in several States. Re
cent investigations by Lieutenant John
P. Finlay, signal service, United States
amy, reveal to some extent the danger
in each region, which will do much to
allay unnecessary alarm in the Eastern
buttes. At the same time other regions
before thought to be comparatively sale
arc found to be more dangerous than
Whilo^ had been supposed.
he wss doing this some oflicieus spcclft- * fri... , ... •
tor cut the valve rope two foot liyond ^ fin ? ,tnk,ng ri ‘* ult of ^ e “ m1 ’
the boy's reach, ano^ the midst of a BAtiou of Lientenaut Finlay's map, show-
H He
was nearly frozen U> diath during the
voyage, and when Im- <1* sounded was cov
ered with icM-lca. hi net* UA-11 ho has
made 2**rf> saccuiH ns without an aocaU uk
TWO MJCWAKKSnUI AIM KN-ilOX*.
The highend asomsiou ever made was
st.aly Iwwl gwonM try,
nag.
uguaka,
i he dcaoended the balloon caught on n
1 *lead pine and was torn. Ilo aUnuptod
' to tleaceod by the drag tope, when the
lialloon ollaieml and came down with a
I crash, badly Lnuaiug, lint oihcrwnae not
| hurting him. Home of hia voyagea, how
ever, have brvn czcwodiagly |vnk*as,
auiuc TUkAUUS*. voiaoka. ,
on KcptemU r a
* r, 1 B
arronaut G«*gp
Englaml, ht l .u
i A»,t>»» U>< kigl
I,US* feat p» r u
ocuditig
altitmto 1
i athwly
1 chmlwd
, lN>2, by 1-"-— Glaiah-
lie lift the earth with
well at Wolverhampton,
t p. ui., and nt 1.54 was
, going at* at the rate of
mate, lie kept on aa-
jui.ior
ou tlie
jmax'; in Um* junior ytwr l pt<*ii'.
uo taught, and in the M-utor and
year there are lortuns
►cictce ami art of war.
I tic military cququm-nt of Um* cadet*
consist* of two 3 ineU li<wd ptemw, 25(1
nlltw, cartndgt., etc., all of which is
furnished by the l ath'd btaUw Govi-rn
mmt, aith the «ioe|*tion of 1UU nffea
furnished by th>- btale.
LIFE Ol Tin: STI DENTS.
The foregoing (ketch of the work
done at the institntiou gives only a dry
Abstract of the essential d«-tails of the
life of the student. This life is, how
ever, one of groat variety and activity.
The govei uunnt of the institution is all
of a republic nitlnu a republic, and is
divided sliarply between the military
and agricultunu features. In fact these
features are quite distiuot, and iu now ise
conflict with each other, tho discipline
of tho one securing discipline iu tho
other.
-When the college boy hero goes out
into Uie field he doffs his military trap
pings and puts on his old clothes, old
slices, old bat, etc., jnst as his father
does on the homestead (arm iu any
opunty in Missisaippi. In other words
he goes out to work and he does not go
in holiday attire.
Iu the morning, in the class room or
on dress parade, he is as gorgeous as you
might desire, lie has a tine uniform
with plenty of brass buttons, all of which
lie wears with tho self complacency of
having j>aid for them by honest labor
through loug and dusty ia summer or
wet kind.dreary days in winter.
In the afternoon you may meet him at
some place, any place, on the farm and
you will not know him. He wears a
slouch hat, very honest old clothes and
a very honest old face. Maybe he is
weeding turnips or digging potatoes, og
you will meet him out on some of the
green pastures driving the cows, or if
you peep into the cow stables yon see
him play ing’tho jnilk maid. You will
meet him at any given point over all the
broad acres of the farm, and in ninety-
uine cases out of a hundred he is doing
something that will help him to pay^ns
expenses at the College. And this ho
does in a fashion that deserves a special
chapter.
At night, after an afternoon’s work, he
goes homo to study and in the morning
uc appears again a military chrysalis as
gaudy and as happy as on the day before.
( LOSE OF THE S1SS10N.
Just udw the College is alout to close
for the present year. Tho oomzwmco-
uent exercises for 1887 were opened yus
er day at ll'a. in., at which time Dr.
<V. M. Greer, of Elwkiue College, South
Jarohua, preached a sermon and again
act night at 8.30 -o’clock. Theau exer-
(In * trtober It, 187a, he wt-nt up from
Srranton. got caught in a *Uuisfc-nu
an*! cmoM- down at Oak Station, Mont-
gotmty county, I to milt* from Um start
tug point, the whoU' tnp •••n.umiug tmt
two hours. On (fctober 15, 1**1. he
made bis iiM-<Bonsbto aan-usioa from
Chicagu with Uaaliajc u of the Signal
s. rvMv lloruan. He was up moctoen
hour*, and drarrmkvl in the (ViacoMAn Ia*uu at •’> p. m
wiktortMaa, whefv he ami hi* o.mmih*. •►o louuty, Nu
loat tii« u way ami auib roi k-mbly be
fore they again raine iu oubtact wiUt
riftli—Hub
Uim night he wa* suspcmhsl L-lw.en
ky aud earth for bthouraovvr the Mi dm-
and Canada wiida rues*. Ilia rija-ru-iitx
tliat night was thrilling and remarkable.
The aiax-nsum was made at Ip. in. at!
I‘hmouth, N. 11., hia conqianiou being !
Lutlu-r II llohlen, uf the lltaton Jour
ua. For six hour* they hung over a
wnltl the ball
4 37,i«ai tonC
UMaMMOOWS,
up tho ropra
attained an
< •lataher lawmni*
but Coggaaell
ami pullM Um
vGve rope with hia teeth. TWy do
►oended at the rate ai 2,«»a* fed per wan-
ule until the tadloon formed a pacnehute,
• ton it oame down rasdy, seven mile*
from the darting point
The longest ami fasted tadloon voyage
was made on J41y 1, HCU, by John
Wtar, Hr., Lai klouuUui ami Ouver 1*.
(mger, of New York. They toft Ht
and lam led in Jcffer-
York, at.2.35 p. u». Um
•czt day, the dials non tiring 1, luu nutoa
a* Uki bird dna, ami 1,2UI) mikw as the
balUglu dew.
Mol MTAIft kOHHKMa.
Whs Mats
before
a tonal
tart MW | mile above tbc wihlenMw, the balloon
not lowing a foot of gaa or tho car an
oonoo of ladlast When they laudiwl
next morning they came down at the
heml of a new railroad which was luring
ooualructud 250 milos below (yuobi'c,
noar tho Golf of Ht Lawrence, over
which they had spent a portion of the
night The road wa* 200 mile* away
from any other road or civilization.
They rode to (Quebec on a buokboanl,
dnven by a French Canadian. Mr.
Holden always attributed their locky
deaoiut to an iutorpoaition of Divine
rrovidence.
In an aaoenmon he made in August,
1875, from Hmlington, Iowa, be was
caught in a thunder storm, and came
near being struck by lightniug. The
exjiausion of the air acted on the balloon
and drove the gas from tho neck on to
his head, and through the open valve
with terrific velocity. Uc had a thrilling
descent through tuc clouds, and on
reaching the earth went crashing through
trees, landing twelve miles from whore
he ascended, having been driven back by
tho storm. Tho whole trip consumed
three-quarters of an hour.
AN AERIAL 11R1DAL TRI1’.
On tho Fourth of July of tho same
year he took a party of seven, including
two bridal couples, over Lake Erie from
Cleveland. The bfdloon sailed over the
lake to Buffalof where it struck a back
current and returned, passing Cleveland,
gradually approaching tho Canada shore,
which it struck at Point au Tele. It then
crossed a strip of Canada and 35 miles
of Lake SL Clair, landing 11 miles from
Port Huron at midnight, having made
480 miles in 13 hours.
On another Fourth of July he took
five newspaper men from Buffalo to
Quinton, N. J. He crossed the Alle
ghenies and followed the Susquehanna
as far as Havre dc Grace, took a sharp
turn and sailed due east across Delaware
into New Jersey, the whole trip taking
thirteen hours.
ooality, and in fact aru ucecaiarily look
*d upon With.great uiUn-st ail over the
State, there baiug repreecntativu young
urn h- o- from aiiml uVurv oouuty ih
m b
'IM
uml.- pp* an
Matas 11m
amhrr 271
County
from aevural other
it *» • I
Wn<»
UU.
X
THE WISE FAMILY. ,X
Professor Charles Wise, under whose
direction tho “Independence” wijl be
sent up, is the son of the late Professor
John Wise, Sr., who was lost while
making an aerial voyage. He made his
first ascension thirty-seven years ago,
when but 13 years of age, at Shannondale
Springs, West Virginia. He went up
two and one-half miles and staid up
three hours, landing sixty-six miles from
the starting point, to which place he re
turned in an ox cart. Four years later
lie made an ascension from Newberry-
jHirt, Maas., on the occasion of a civic
celebration. The wind was blowing to
ward the ocean and the committee offer
ed to pay the pnoe of the ascension
;isus i. a a great a vuiit m Um immediate rather than take any risks, but after con-
' suiting with his father he <to^b*.l u>
make the asouusion. After going up
Is,IMA) feet very rapidly and duuMBdteg
still mure rapidly he struck Plum Island
bar. As there Mere no inhabitant* and
Tappto the only
out ol the emli
•m to jump<
hi Wk
SdfiuSg^Lta
Tht if IhrtralB- Tri«%f>lriB
l»lBtep|s«tarte«l.
In Putnam county, Tunnemet'
tin war. for seventy-live y«ura,
•ithin three tuik-a ol Cookevik*, La«tii»«
from ImuiaMUt-, Konlueky, through
down into Georgia and South Carolina,
wa* known as the Kentucky stock read,
and was at that tune the principal high
way for trak-rs I >ctwcen the two sectioua.
Plant, m, slave deak'i* anil stock m* u
would drive their negroe*, mult*, etc.,
down t« the southern market, returning
with the money from their mle.
buch partuxa were fre<|oently nuaang
very mysterioualy, no trace of them ever
being fouud. The road ran through a
wild, thinly settled mountain country.
The stopping place*, or dwellings where
a traveler could get shelter, frequently
were thirty or forty miles apart, and a*
recent investigations show, were kept by
robbers and murderers of tho wont de-
Hcriptiou, who for years followed this
busiuee* of wholesale robbery and mur
der. About thirty yuan ago a man, who
is now a citizen of Cooke, found a skele
ton at the entrance to a cave, bat no far
ther investigation was ever made until
a couple of years ago, aud it was left for
a stranger to make ilisooveriee that oast
in the shade all stories of like descrip
tion, where tho writer finds his terrible
characters only in his own brain.
A party was organized under the lead
ership of Mr. Ferd Kincaid to explore
the cave where the skeleton was found
thirty years ago. Back on the mountain
side about one-half a mile from one of
the notorious stopping places described,
the entrance to the cave was formed. A
hole, something like a well, going
straight down thirty-five feet, was first
passed through, and then the cavq,opens
into large caverns, with a downward
bourse under the mountain. At the bot
tom of the shaft the party found human
bones, and with a little digging in the
debris that had accumulated at this
point, unearthed about sixty skeletons
of men who have been murdered and
thrown down this hole. Home skulls
were found with bullet holes through
them, others being mashed with an axe
or instrument of that kind. .
Old citizens now living in this Vicinity
-ay that tho keepers of these dens would
^eep track of the travelers when they
paused through with stock, and on their
return they Would lie almost certain to
disappe&L. The robbers were even so
liolu they would take the clothing and
saddles and hbrsos of their victims and
use them publicly. They would get a
man drunk, if possible, and, as whiskey
was plentiful and the custom of drinking
common, it was no hard mjdtar ’ to do,
then in their drunken stupor kill, rib
and throw their bodies in the hole, and
without doubt many men, as this fearful
disclosure proves, never returned to their
homes, and anxious friends waited and
watched and, wondered why. they re
turned not
Not far off, by the side of tho road
•tHFstands a hottar. The walls of one
zoom arc stained and spotted with humor
hlood. Above, in the mountains, about
-wotity mile*, was still a worse place, U.
-joaible, Hmb teds. Another case Ts
hare, and would, if lawhgsfod, repeat
Im sukeniiij; story. Th* paopfa are
over this
of thu
eU (hr
il (hr regh PateuBi eoua-
•en v#bo talea,- end
tawe tuorial eru&re will
TW “fe
mi Dr
ing the geographical distribution of tor
nadoes from 1882 to 1886 inclusive ia
that they uniformly avoid extended
mountain range*. The Rocky Moun
tains present so insurmountable a barri
er that the country lying west of this
is almost entirely free from
violent tornado tracts seen in
and Missouri. It is known that'
■tom centers which form west of the
Rocky Mountains are imperfectly do-,
veloped, and are not pcnustect or vio
lent in their course until the Miamsaippi
valley is rvaehnl. Tornadoes form at an |
av.-rage distance of 453 mile* southeast 1
of thu mam storm center, as shown in
forty one cMaaoted by 1'rofeaeur U. A.
llason, of the signal service. It follosra
that the cold air from the foot of the
Rooky Mountains, coming in the wake
of and eastward moving storm mauleat-
idg* unusually low barometer, eaosr*
sharp contrasts of tesnprretare in Ksiinsi
and Missouri, and these contrasts, eume-
times a* muefa as fifty degress, result la
great tornado frequency in northwestern
Missouri and northern —— It is
further shown by the dismbatiou of
tornado tracts that the averts of severi
ty and destruction Meadlly U mens ss Um
■tor* outers move eastward from the
Ml—ppt valley. This waning of tor
nado power ie gradual, but the danger
•loee not entirely cease as the Atlantic
Is Bpt’rwchod. Tbs coast Uim* of
the Gulf or Mexico and of Um Atlantic
• nearly free from tornado. *,
great contrasts aaoumpaaying
uteri cannot develop, owing to
Um equalising effart of Um oosan tem
perature end moisture.
u rua tuasusum vAJxnr.
Of the total number of tornadoes re
ported nearly one half occur m Um Mm-
•Miippi valley, wlueh ie the region of
ta violence. TW lapee of time
make this even more marked, W
Um records of the Kastern kttaU ■
a much longer period, while the
number of tornadoes m tarn. TW region
uf gnatert frreiusBcy is along Um north
and west boundary hues of Mma>un, in-
creasing toward the point of intersection.
Then comes northwustom Georgia ex
A very solid and
compact region of tornado development
ia iu southern Michigan, tending toward
otLakeV
the tower jmrt
Michigan. Fur a
Giswnoc Ol about 2uU mike aiiure, this
region nearly equal* that of K snss* in
frequency, though it has not more than
tenth it* extent, and its avenge se
venty is far less. In the htatern State-,
the most remark aide region next to
New York, is in the Connecticut
river valley, which seems to be persist
enUy followed by tornadoes through
Connecticut and Massachusetts into New
Hampshire. TW open country here
favors the development of a small torna
do with a tract about a mile or half a
mile long, and from two hundred to five
hundred feet in width. Wuetern Con
necticut and MssmchuectU favor the
accumulation of warm air from the
southwest, which moves steadily uorih-
ward, while Pennsylvania, Virginia and
western Delaware remain cool, this
oalining sharp odhtrasts of temperature.
In so nth eastern Pennsylvania the bend
of the Delaware river tliure is a group of
tornadoes centering near Trenton, N. J.
Southeast of Lakes Erie and Ontario
there is afao a lively region, which iz an
extension duo to the still high contrasts
of temperature common in the Missis
sippi valley and southeastern Michigan.
In northeastern Mississippi there is s
very marked extension of the Georgia
Alabama region, though not quite
equaling it in frequency.
LOHSBS of LIFE AND PROPERTY.
TJie value of property reported to the
signal service as destroyed in 205 years
years was abont $28,000,000. Lieutenant
Finlay estimates this' to be about one-
tenth the actual value, making the total
losses about $300,000,000.
The number of deaths reported was
3,165, and the injured 5,040. -
Those figures are donbiless much be
low the actual damage, because tornado
reports include tho main facts only. The
transmission of news is partly obstruct
ed, and isolated regions escape report.
The comparison of a number of torna
does, with the kmount of forest land by
Htates, according to the United Htates
census, indicates that these storms are
not appreciataly influenced by the pres
ence or absence of forests. Tornadoes
are caused by the persistent movement
and accumulation of air masser-on an
immense scale. Forests and other local
features of landscape have little effect.
The signal service reported 280 torna
does for 1886, 136 for 1885, 200 for 1884,
161 for 1883, and from that time back to
870 the number diminishes to 9. This
oes not represent a change in the actual
□amber, bat only indicates additional
facilities for observation, doe to the
:
I
presv and people, as well ss to the or
ganization of a large staff of volantary
tornado reporters in 1884, under the so-
l»ervisioD of Lieutenant Finlay. In 1885
Um number of reporters had increased to
1886 to 2J
1,5001
working fores seat in i
ufvwy
2,500. This
great advance in this direction.
1887 A MILD TORNADO TRAIL
The numlier of tornadoes ropdrtad.
from January 1 to June 11, 1887, is 123/
In 1886, for the same period, there were
216, which shows that taken yearly there
are great fluctuation*. The figures bo
far indicate 1888 is a very mnch milder
tornado year than 1886. In JtUy the
Eastern States begin to contribute their
proportion in addition to thoee still due
in the Western Htates. The most im
portant deductions from tlie signal ser
vice statistics is that there is no evidence
of variation in the number of tornadoes,
but only an apparent increase caused by
better repo rtorial aud press facilities.
It would require s vast lapse of time
to do m oust rate the theory that the cut
ting awav of forests affects the number
and deadly violence of tornadoes. They
may be considered a fixed characteristic
of the United Htates, like the geological
formation of tho mountain rangea, and
the average number may be considered
as little subject to change. TWy seem
an inevitable result of the movement of
immense masses of air over comparative
ly level plains and on the bounaariss be
tween the temperate and torrid sum*.
Tornadoes occur in India and Ji
end part* of Europe where land
are free from extouded mountain rang**.
It would be a valuable contribution to
actrnoe if tW tornadoes that occur in
India and Japan were -Irwfirl and re
corded. This might lead to IW further
advaooemeat ol the ■rvoo- uf tornado
prediction in the I nitod Htates, which st
present await* tW aoboa of Congram to
carry it to a high degree of
saving many Itvm nod
property.
am orrirtat. risa wremi,
Mew leptele I Wa* nilt.S Uy s
••■as-rwa.
>Wi m im w—aioyssu Hnr. i«ir 11
A bulletin uf tW United Htetea Kish
CummuMon just Musd gives tw foKow-
mg account, as described in a letter to
Fro feasor Ihuid, of the kilting of a maa
by a swuid-A«4i:
"TW ech» •oaer Vanns ia a «n»*il sums!
of about twrivs tuns, owaud sad anm
maodnl by Franklin D. I sagafnrd. of
1 suswvilk. Mass . with a area uf three
tern, eogagni in the gwnrial
th** eu**t *>l Mare.ri>—Ms. (In
teurmug. August 9,
■tiled Iron bum* la l•nlaaB uf
fish. Al«iwt II o’sfueu in Ik
when right ilk* ourttieast f*
1‘oiat, ia Ipswish liny, a fiah was mss.
TW captain, with ows man, a
dory, gave ehasr. t
the fiah, thiuwtBf «
line alterIm.I to tL, harpoon,
Um fish wa* left and tWy return to
vwsaal for dian* r About aa hour
tW captain, aith ooe man, again
Iu* dory ami a«at out to recare tW
INckiog up Umi Isioy, ( *| tom
took hold uf the iiue, polling hia
toward tho sword fiah. which wua quite
Urge and not badly wounded. TW has
•• taut aa the Usd slowly liters I 14*
fiah, which th* Captain inUndud to lane*
ami thus kill it. When mar Um fish,
l*ut too far away to nteeh il with Um
now, it quR-klv turned and rushed at
and under the Uat, thrusting its sword
its sword up through the bottom uf tW
boat twenty-three inch**. As the fiah
turned and rushed toward the boat tW
line was soddeniv sleeked, neuaine lb*
Captain to fall over on his hack; ami
while W was in the act of ns ag thg
rord came piercing through the boat
and into his body. At this tune another
swordfish was in sight near by, and the
Captain, excited and aaxioua to secure
lK>th, raised himself up, not knowing
that he was wounded. Hemug the sword,
he seized it, exclaiming, ‘We’ve got him,
an way!’ He lay ia the bottom of the
dory, litHint], fast to the sword until his
vessel came alongside, while the fish, be
ing under the boat, could not be reach
ed. Hoon the Captain add, ‘I think 1
am hurt, and quite badly.’’ When the
vessel arrived he went on board, took a
few slope, and fell, never rising again.
Tho boat aud fish were soon homed on
board, when the sword was chopped ofl
to free the boat, and the fiah was killed
on the deck of tho vessel. The fish
weighed 245 pounds after its head and
tail were cot off and the viscera removed;
when alive it weighed something over
300 pounds. Captain Laugsford sur
vived tho ipjory about three days, dying
on Thursday, August 12 of peritonitis.
The sword has been deoosited in the
United Htates National Museum.”
■tePP
T. A. EDISON, THE WIZARD.
: * ■ 1 1 -
expenditure saved. There is every rea
son to believe that if the tornado records
were carried forward for several hundred
years an astouishi&g regularity would be nvuna ABOUT HI® KXmtMBm
discovered. 1 he Htatistios already shew
a bwov w
po«®,anmi
Mormons at Work.
Charleston, 8. C., Julv 6.—Serions
trouble is feared on the nnks of the
Havannah River near Augusta, Ga. The
Rev. David Berion and Elders Hpencer
and Murray, Mormon missionaries, have
been preaching in that locality for some
time. They have converted about twen
ty-five families of the more ignorant
whites. Tho doctrine expounded is that
all who do not adopt the faith of Mor-
moniam and go to Utah before 1893 will
be destroyed by fire; that no marriages
are in accordance with the laws ol God
except thoee sectioned by the Mormon
Church and that no woman can attain to
absoldte perfection in the future unless
married in this life. Notice to leave the
locality has been served on film mission
aries by the more responsible citizens,
but they have refused to comply. The
missionaries are backed up by their con
verts, and declare that they will resist
any attempt of the regulators to drive
them from the country.
I. il Rsslly V>
Many a case supposed to be radical lime
liscase is really one of liver complaint and
indirection,"Wt, UHt» that diseased IWer
fan Tie restored to healthy action, H wifi s*
dog the lungs with corrupting matter sa
to firing ou their
ith corrupting t
4>eedy deeay.l
scrofula of
In the
It Dr.
IN SUBMABINB SlOXAUBtt.
Ths Captains of Vassal* Zsrs* Mils* A
. Caa Talk With Koch Other-1 n
phi* Hajrlag Ktestvteal
HU Laboratory.
A smooth-faced, thick-set,
looking man, attend in a grey suit and
accompanied by two hsmtaoms youag
women, stepped briskly up to th® date
of tho Continental Hotel office and regte-
tored in a plain round bank hand.
“Thomas A. Edison, Oranga, N. J." It
is the wizard of eteerioity. The young
women were hie wife and tester 4n-law.
He appeared to be enjoying the beet of
health, and aid the stories about U®
being at the point of death while te
Florida were without foundation. Be
id he bed come to Phikdeishta te
r\
laboratory at
M. J.
The laboratory, the waste
has just begun, wlU, wteeu
i bsildines i
ttrtty to
via trip hs sate he wua ®e uuB
with Iks sltoMto that he had
af M®
efa
to h®
Aeeooa as
. te ®ae of Jay
ni Unioa Telegraph oteese
about OBaofJsyOoBld'l
After the i
the captain i
and continue the i
ilea of water, in the
until it strikes another
the operation may be repaid anti
whole breadth of the nnsen ha®
creased. It will alao beaeefnlaaaa
of tegnaling by a vw
Mr. Edison seenu
experiment® would meet with na
but regrets that he cannot eend the i
TAfl of the beat make®. <25 eater and
balance November 1, at mot oate arieea
on a Piano. $10 eaah Rnd balance No-"
vember 1, at spot eate prices on aa
Organ. Delivered, freight free, at year
areetdeAdh- Fifteen days tote trite
and freight both w®ys if nut mtirtsetory.
Writefor circulars.
N. W. TRUMP.
♦ \ * Oetefltete, k CL
■ Albion, te Erie oonnty, Pa., hat a
curiosity te therimpeof a ektek
ttnnds seven late htek onma
chains sad great wrijSTtltaSil
mg old Boman figures, with
worke made of boxwood sad
pore ivory. It ie a peetfet
and upward of 100 yuan eld.
—Looka eoonty, Ta., ie a
the i ~
kere__ _,
KLA and laid <
reman, Irndh
four distiuot
(bout the teas te a!
v •0- t ' *
4:-
* .
4
I