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h » rF‘ ' VOL. X. K:\. T'.- ..■wiri ‘ "W ^ }*• -"A~T' f - -J r~ S*- ■•■ BARNWELL, S. C.; THURSDAY, JUNE 16r1867r NO. 42. UA1LU0AD IHSCRIMINATION. HOW IT AKFKCTS'Tl'E I>KVEI.OPMEVT " l OF ijOlTII CAHOIANA. The -Addreas Delivered Hefore the State Fre** Amm»< lalltin. by Win. ^r* 5, dnnen. Km|., KiHtqrof the SpArtanlmrT Herald. The press of South Carolina has strongly counselled diversity of crops and diversity of industry.’ It las done so forcihly, repeatedly, almost unani mously, hut without avail. It is not my purj'osc to-night to adduce arguments to supiKirt the wisdom of this Counsel, but to seek the cause which has made it so harrai °f results ami to seek a romeily. I’NJI HT KAILUOAI* MSTIUMINATIOS. The prime cause of our continuance in our pernicious course lies in Iho policy natural advantages are they arc more than over-balanced-by the acquired ad- van tagesof the North. They havd cheap coal, Kkilled labor, experience in man- agomf-nt, ample capital seeking invest ment at a low rate of interest. They have giant establishments, tilled with lost improved labor-saving machin ery and fumon a scale where expenses are reduced to a minimum. They are located in a dense population w ho sup ply a local demand for their products. They are located near the great commer cial emporiums and ean place their sur plus products on the market at the least possible expense, sud they have Very favondlU freigkt rates Enable the great factories of the to manufacture goods cheaper DISCRIMINATION AOAINST CHARLESTON. But this effect is not confined to the |Yif« | iv „ inland cities. Charleston, too, has ex perienced the weight of this policy. A few years ago Charleston was tire Mecca of the merchants of upper Carolina. But the railroads have so arranged freights that it is just as cheap and quicker to get their goods directly from New York, and their trade lias flowed thither. As an instance of the unjust discrimination against Charleston, I cite fertilizers— her chief , product. The rate from Charleston to .S|>artanburg, about two hundred miles, u £4 a ton,. From Rich mond, Ya., oyer twice as far, Tt is but AIIOL'T DIRT ROADS. and Remedy—The Economy Having (iood Road*. (From The Nation.) of age North tbau our infant factories can possibly do bo great are these advantages that even John btuart Mill, the great apostle of free trade, admits that some govern- meutal protection is necessary to the es tablishment of factories when they have to compete with a country whose facto ries -have an established business and wli tii i At _ • i wuose processes of work liave b, come of the railroads of unjust discrimination The infant factories of the against Our homo industries in favor of Xonh nquired and secured a protection against the established facto- . 1 ries of Kuglund. To-day they U ar to us the same r< Lation whicli the old Kng- ‘ t,u -‘*hxtr factories l»oiv to them a c* utury u the ' ago. Uur factories cannot hope for the their foreign comiietitors. lioiit: AND •TOUKIUS” FMK1 •?! It appears on the surface t' prosperity of a railroad dejuuds prosperity of the country whic ports it. This ia a partial fallacy I SU]V It is •tiling it is*to •i j»eo- ! raise '.VC llv# • bu.‘h as iacse ndyant- ^t.‘2.'» a ton—a discrimination against this city of neatly 100 percent. Is this right? Should railroads of the State be permitted to break down tbe business of the principal city of the State? Charles ton is naturally the nort of South Caro lina. She is entitled to the trade of tbe State, and she would have it if she could get a fair showing, and the State should see to it that she has that opportunity. This policy of the railroads lias been ruinous to the State's pros|N-rity. It has stopped her small factories, saddhd the heavy | farmers with debt, and ruined our inter nal commerce* A UEMCTY FOR THE WBOKO. Is there no remedy for tliia wrong? Have the people no rights to lie regard ed? This has been the claim that the the iett rest of the |>eoplc to buy n w hich they can make profit d dj; the interest of tbe railroads for tl pie to buy i very thing abroad, an cotton only to |siy lite debt; to h local f*ctori««, to pnKlui - ' n *tl.):i^ -djej cotanat. IS4or>W»rWar rf «.• ccaaion. When the |eo|>le ptVHlncv d what liicy uavd and umm! wliat they made, there was little demand for rail row l mo v:«v, and th« ir tralhc was light. Now, wlien wi bring our meat from VLitv our cuni from Indiana, our (lour from Illinois, oqr mola-srs fn itu 1, ' Oil- ana, our shoes (jorn Masaachma tD and our clothing frotn N. w Votk, ami when we ship oar whole cotton crop h> pay the d« l>t, the IrafLr of the trans|ior1 *Uob protection which would build thtiu up., BoOi the fiec trade sentimi nt of our! nulroiulj have set. up. They assumed people and Uie Constitution of the 1 the stockholders were the absolute l uitol Statea prohibit any import duty ow ners of the romla, and any attcui|>ted agwiust NorUiLm goiHla. But sandy it is not demamU:..* _ too much to ask the proh-ction which n ature ire* us the protcctkei of distmce? is nrn a-^my TVf'fBTicTf regulatiof pelted aa item by the (•overnment wst re- an unwarranted mfnngenunt on pnvate right. 1 >unug the weak and truckin g rule of the Radical* thu buhl .sandrit le gnt TNrpTlcTrTrTC-t wma woqumeced in. It ia mand that the pnMlm*ft fr.im factories “o"' n'««>luldy exploded. It is now shall be distributed throughout our own 1 hwhl in every Htate in the nation that ntate as cheaply ae the products of for- ‘he railroads are jmbhc highways, eon- eigu com|ieUt4irB? Surely it ia not re-1 •truett*! for the benefit of the peopif quiring U of the p. the SUHs unfair di* i? much to demand that the built fre.jm ntly at the rxpeofc iple. for the ueTnkipmeul of shall U<>t u>e their feiw rituinaUon tc crush and rum 1 list Uie man age nn nt of these* highways 1 is given to a corporation by the htate, as trustee* of her Kiveh-tgn power, a trust 0 ( | not to be abused. The power should la • temw-d with equity the struggling mdudm com|>wn product a uas tun of I *> ■! * * I »*Aa rm.if'm U ,i - •uid of the of Um manuhn Iuds Cotton jJaLU tntrfvsta the Mrapiad to « NUtc. They purpose 1 y a oua dtsmnut prises in lave tors. Income unmease. 1 be these things at 1 ><ime r dm.it.lah the l*11.iness la. llener it ia the int rest alt to sopprma all I •me ami shut up agncultu'e to g alone, in this r la « of adrowd managers hav< wot cx.lhx' the arHare i Late si'von.p.iMnvl i i vLorinUnt and ov slum sgsinat htate r of their f.•reign coi and dram foreign rivals'' (will l the tin- htate eoflrra; The < hurtful througl of all«•tin t crop*, and aive culture of cotton. its train r&trwvagance ami ruutEks. la hafillv < UTS I *»!>»» Ill ffeCt of this policy to the far Surfs. K&ceeduigly i fair* have indtimal the acf I-"s au.< die aim.at ci- Ihls bring* debt, an-i n ine | » - U. y I is-1 is ITicy aif<*r1* ..I i 1 the the rod ibelmn—ly tt hr) I wtr rstM 1 t brir own supplk • t toon* y. but they ur,-*!***! ire t trr- eqiwigti to pnrrfirae the c*.i lj*» tl wLirO t bey dat not prudur* tbiTr L •obest *1 bt*. Nov Fw*****’ rais« Ootton only, lens low ieCtj rlu- d In thia tlay of sliarp r gin of profcD. witht it « try can hvc. has become the freight rsb « control vafry the L inch no in-1 m> narri'S t us extstenc* »t tow frwghi tu*j fi u*L t, a Ligt: fr* .ht will *tn>L|(W- it. -But profit-, r* st i i vm iim »r%* ml *# . , {** < ly on o**inp* titi* ’U. at .*1 thii*. Wh* J.,* •*la on Um* arbitrary ^hlit if Um; rmiif* wd ml* rm. 1 may •*-*.- m ju ■4 AD J 1 l\e»' u- abh- freight r**b ui u Jt r «ii irU & ij .4i tirse can pnwpei; il nulru | U IhM? L> favor my eoinpvtil or vilii io*rr ruUtt he can uno* r** trim*, < imB lY DiJ CUrilt o. rum luj bustneas an-T drive me field, it ia thus that the guui Oil monopoly was built up (ling ms's crush*d to U< d from htand ■t«tr| It is thus htate would exercise it The State conkl ,f! not jusUv diaenmmate UclHccn its citt- 1 sena, and it* agents should not be |>er- i mitUal to do so. The (Mate could not with r<|uttyr build up one of ita cities at the expense of other Cities, and Its ■menu should not be permitted to do so. Tin htate would not »m*nfior tbe indns- ; tries and pruapenty of her people to the i I a Ur fit of foreign Comfietltois, and the i railr *ad* shonlu not l*e allowed to do so. j hhe htate, if she owned the rumls, would 1 not do them- things ecru for gain, nor I should tbe railr* an Is. If the stock bo id- j eis cun make a profit legituuah ly, they i are vntithvl to it: if they cannot, they | have simply made a ba>l mveattiM nt and must abide by it. * .j The right of the hmte to real rain all* I j i«gulate tin railroads is now undisputed. 1 1 Uc qu* stion ansrs. how ia thi* to he done efiectively ? We have attemptavl to I do so by a railroad commission. * 1 do 1 not know what they have done, 1 do not impugn their action*. But this arc do know, that tliia stifling and pmiictous , I •obey of dtacnni i nati* »n against Lome | eat* rprise* haa s|>rucg up danng their i control, and the coniutiou of affairs is I mfluitely aoise now tl>a** before Uieir interference. 1 have attempte*! to show that oar preaent need ia low distributing rate* The internal cotnmenw of Um* htate I "***■ h> our bote produean aa cht*p m haa been ruint-d, and the growth of our j proj ortion to diatanee aa thoee Iuung citiea has l>een checked bv thn* **> them foreign competitor*. be easily, chewpty and ‘^MXPk# UH-'OrJ i Uirtr 11 Ukif imruM Aft t a»|’t% iVitlaltk 111 a! CHUM* NTBjm m L tiM* they mak*- rts ate fall if nei money all 1 heT are rich UteO, if J*Oof all the lulauce \\ hitet lin y luiv<* Ue* nion* y •hr it medic sly, anuoaf pir* * ar* CotBpelia d b< go mcesssriee of life, vewr's cr* *p mad go U being, and a *>deta oi d« l-t id the' J *ur. | they squsu- •rv Um* ymi * x- m debt for lb* { Vnd to the n*'tt! juy for last rear'* haa I*«a SIS •1 oh the cuuniry which lias Lronght it to the eerg* ef hankni|*t* y. Vi ho can for* see the result of oae more crop failure? oik ISHUOiAL cotnuunyL -*■ tLat the giant factorus of the North sre same ruinous policy. The pro*|>erity of J believw, | *l>lr lo klnuiglt' uur ^trug^uug factor.*;* ciUe* IxAiyp ou the* will of tbe nuiruwii | e^ctiTeij Becufed. m their infan*’r. ! aatocriils. They can caoae busmen* to Tbe tbeeriauaation • practiced again -t flow into U, or to gM ulaewheiu. Th* y the shippers in South Caruhna ia enon c h h-cuaed advautagtei at a country crusa- to paralyse almost anv enterprise. j D*a*l in (ieorgia and Atlanta, sprang up teeming with < uterjtriiu* and wealth. A withdrawal of these advantages would I dissipate her business, and her pros)* ri granted Tina, I NO it It 1*I.A< Tic At. IU.1 snUTI'VNN, A g* ntieman contemplated the estsb- liahnieut of a fcrl ibzer (actorr in Spar tanburg. It is found Unit .the freight rate from Spart.inluirg to Wellford, dis tant on the ITedniout Air Line mil* a, is f IT.oO a earn-ad, or 81.46 a milt , t. rate from Ricluuond, Ya., ia li) cents a atilt*, a discnnnnatiou of nearly 1,400 per cent, in favor of the foreign shinjur. There could be no claim by the railroad in this case for extra expense in hand ling, for the shipper is retiuirod to. load bis OWfl 6kIVanU due Yailroail is to haul il kl ItB CbliVehicuce. The rate To A 1 MrORM kATR rou ALL SHUTIAUi. I mier the Inter-State law all through rates must be reasonable and equitable. Theae rates must be public, i'hia we ; cuunot interfere with and would nob ; But thia State can pwas a law providing 1 that whatever rate per mile the roa*Ls tlx the List. TVu [or tluoogh freight, that same rate shall of the mil- be granted to our local shippore with the klded. ty would la* a dream of yPkb! R^o U was Hie poliey <•! the mil roa*ls to build np the internal com merer of tliis State. Favoring through rates were given to railroad centre* sud aheap distributing rates. In a tingle decade Spartanburg doubhxl hex liininrwii amT - ' 1 ^ 111 , *‘* |/ > tnple*l her |xtpulation; wholesale houses were ektablisheU and supplieil the local trnde tor mil»*s an iiml—Her goods were told within twenty miles of Atlanta. I'acolst, on thi* Spartanburg and Union Road, 12‘miles distant, is the same, 117 .Bo a carload. \Vo have in Spartanburg a struggling door and blind factor/. The freight to Greenville, thirty-two miles distant, on the Atlanta and Charlotte Air Line is $32 a carload, or $1 a, mile. Thu same freight from New York to Greenville is ‘12 cents per mile. Thus*.: instances are not exceptional, and 1 have mentioned Spartanburg only because the rates there were more easily attainable. Other cities will be found in like circumstance, and other rates in like proportion. ^Instances could 'be multiplied indefinitely. By reference to the report of the Sout^i Carolina railroad t tlie average rate commission we find tltflt charged to foreign shipper, Greenville and Columbia Railroad, for each to i of freight was nine.mills per mile; for booth Carolina shipper to liomc con sumers fifty-six mills per mile, a dis crimination of’ nearly COO per cent, against onr South Carolina producers. Is it strange that in the face of such dis crimination our local enterprises lan guish and die, and foreign factories usurp our home market? 'special rates for cotton factories. There is one eJ&Sji. of lactones which have been fostered by the railroads, and they have prospered. They are the. cot ton factories. Their products arc "not specially intended for home consump tion. * Their goods are shipiied princi pally to foreign markets, and their growth does not diminish railroad busi ness, but rather stimulates the produc ticn of the export crop. Hence the rail roads have lent them a strong hel hand. Their finished cloth is ahi L from Greenville to New York at $10.HU a ton; the raw ootton is charged $13.00 tom Tbe same goods, shipped by , to New Y™*. w $9LfiU a' Tom The railroads Within tbu pani seven years this cn- cour. gement to wholesale internal com merce has been withdrawn hn<T the busi ness has pi rishech tXiucessions have Tieth made to no distributing points ex cept Charleston and Columbia, where proximity to water compelled it. But even these have lieen deprived of what is more important—their cheap distribut ing rates. TUB WHOLESALE TRADE OF THE INTERIOR. I again take iSpartmiburg as a typo of her sister cities. In 18H1 the rate on fertilizers from Spartanburg to Wellford, on the Atlanta and Charlotte Air Line, or to Pacolet, on the Spartanburg and Union Road, was $7.50 a carload; now it is $17.50, an increase of nearly 200 per cent. The local trade has been de stroyed. In 1881 the freight on flour to Pacolet was 10 cents a barrel, now it is oust of extra ImmUing kdded. Of course it would be unjust to require them to load and haul freight the first mile for the swuie amount for which they merely mile. Rat when they have been amply paid for loading, shift ing and starting the car, there seems no good reason why they shouldhiharge our own shippers more for merely continu ing to haul it than they charge to for eign shippers for exactly the same ser vice. A, liberal allowance should be made for tliis cost of handling. Then* are but tweuty classes of freight. The General Assembly could appoint a committee to meet during vacation to take testimony as to this cost. 1 This- charge should in clude not only the cost of loading, but the cost of extra shifting and starting. It should be regulated in justice to the rkilroads and to the people. The local rate should be based on the actual cost of transportation, and not on the basis of “whatever the traffic will bear.” Un der the most liberal allowance it will never be found that it costs over one- third as much to ship a carload of guano twelve miles as it does to ship it 400 miles, and that, too, when it is loaded by the shipper. When once the through rate per mile About this time of year Americans be gin to give an amonnt of attention to roads aud road-making which is sadly wanting during the rest of it. There is probably no people in the world which has made such progress in the arts of civilized life generally that seems to care so little for what a good many social philosophers put among the very fore most ot them, the art of road-making.’ In fact, some philosophers have pro- uonceed the history of roads the history of civilization; Nothing distinguished a civilized country from a barbarous one so markedly as the difference between the means of communication between one locality and another. As a general rule, one knows that a people is rising in the scale by seeing its roads improve; one knows that it is declining by seeing its row*Is go out of repair. Nothing marked so-vividly the great plunge into Isirliarism which £uro|Ki took after the fall of the Roman empire aa the disap pearance of the superb lines of commu nication which led from the forum straight aa an arrow tt> every corner of the Itoman world. Nothing, too, tells the tale of Uhineee deoadepoe so dis tinctly *s the ruin which lias overtaken the great mads aud canals which at an earlier-prritHl connected the capital with the provii cea. When an American goes to Lurope for the first time, nothing seems odder than the superiority of tbe Furojican roads in eouutne* which can make no prefeinw vt • qwahng the United States in other marks of material progress. W • are not a declining peo ple; on the contrary we ate the most growing pe* pie in the world. We are not among the jioor nation* of tin* globe; on the contrary we are prolsthly tbe very neh* *L We aiu hoi unlUWent le material improvement; oil tl*e contrary the unat frequent charge made against us is that w<* give too much slteuln.u to I it, and yet w** are worse off, by far, in i the matter of roads than any utner high ly civilised •'<immunity. Tbe original reason of the American i indifference about roads was proUtblj ' the rapidity with which the early Ssttlerw •matter**! Ui* tuerIves in mall eoauuuni- I lice over w ide araaa. The fewer people there are to the square mile of inhabited , territory, of course the euether roads be- , ou*, and when population is very much dispersed, as m frontier srltleuirnta, i people ceaas hi think of good roads aa a luxury within their reach, and devote ihemaciice simply to the task of keeping t them p.osabu*. This tendency to ueg- I loci U*u art of road-making would pfi»o- *hly have dimppuared «arly in that pen lory if the railroads had nut ootnc in aa ■ the great tin* a of ooumauioaUou, thrown the post roads and military roads out of I tar, and relegated all ruatls but railroads | to the eobdittoO of croes-ioada or by- wey a Inc railroads not only dkl Una, : but they dispersed the settlers over still wider areas than * v* r, and thus made the prosjwct of ntnuiug a good highway past every man's door seem hopeless. The conecqu* nee has been that the early colonial or frontier state of mind—in aiueli a road was considered good enough if it was simply practicable 1 wheeled vehicle* (that is, if there were no hole* or rocks in it sufficiently formidable to upset s carnage), and any thing better than thia an unattainable luxury—has almost settled into a r**> ■*••*.) tradition.^ One has only to go s few miles oat of sny of our large ethos to find the roads 10 every direction Wing repaired in the eisct manner in which they were re paired by the struggling colonists 'be tween 1B30 and 17U4- thaLiSr nothing is sttempted beyond filling up the hole* with any material that is at hand, and affording facilities for the water to run off. The material that is st hand is, of course, the mud of compost oat of the adjacent^ ditch. This is shovelled up with the utmost gravity and deposited demand for the use of the sledge-ham mer for the safety of bortes and car riages. The waste of all this, through the wear and tear of animals, vehicles and harness, is of course immense. As it is not eksy to calculate it, it makes but little impression on the popular mind, bat it probably far surpasses the cost of thorough repair or macadamization. Until a standard has been set np, in creased votes of money for road making will in populous districts simply result in the multiplication of the people who live by “politics.” There is little doahtr tee, that not only was the light wagon, for which America is now famous, produced by the laulncss of oar roads, but it now helps to keep thu roods bod by diminishing, in the public eye, the inconvenience of them. The wagon in which Americans delight, and which no other nation has yet been able to imitate, really get* over uad roads ^most as easily as a saddle or C k horse. \Ye liave seen it jun p a oe behind a runaway with a certain grace and dexterity. But had roads tell ‘ though not perhaps on heavier,vehicles. It is exaggeration to say tliat a light wagon would last one-third longer on anj^ngliah or Hwiss road than on ouni,'snd would be a far greater luxury. Nobody shows more appreciation of the smooth, hard park roads than the trot ting men, although they prefer the dirt road to “speed” on; and they may be said to be the only riass of tbe commu nity to whose nnedq or wishes attention in the matter of ruethmaking has l>een I *1 1 1 tit •iWT.I r i f ti««YT nave been left to get along as beet they can, although they use mails for tuiMne and n<4 pleasure. In no department of onr material progress, in fact, is there so much need of reform as in onr road making, and above all in onr road re pel ring, whether we look at the mattei froth the health or the pleasure point of grace anu «iei on it rapidly as rapidly as < hardly an ei view. TL* Cetlae The New York Financial Chronicle, in , Ms w«rkly ootton renew, anya that fur. the week rtyling Fnday evening, the Vi instant, the total receipts have reached 7,.Y.*y lodes, against »,M& bales last week, ! lu,*‘*26 balsa the previous week, and 1. fri»» lairs three weeks MUM, making the total reoeipte Moee the 1st rit .HeptnuL r. UMl, O.IT&.khT bale*, against 5,1 x’*, 1,6 bales for the aame )>enotl of INRV rt, abowung a decrease atnoe Bcptember I, !(•«, of i»,27V bales. The exports for the week ending the ■ame time rmeh a total ot 8,34V balra, of which 0,804 were to Great llntatn, d» to France, and 1,615 to the rest of the continent The imports into eonbnsntal ports for the ■ame period have been ‘JU.UJU - THE CUOFA rx THE NTATK. a How Ttiry Aiiprar to thr Corre*|M»iHlaats of thr DriHtrtnirnt of Agrtrnlture. -’The Dopnriment of Agriculture has received 2 IB cqtcciaL reports from its township *v>rn **po i ndcnte regarding the crops, of an overage date of June 1, of which the following is a summary: (x/ryo*. The crop is from two to three weeks earlier, and ntauda tx^ter than last year. The crop is clean and growing rapidly, and is now verging to Umb and square, and looks vigorous and h< althy. It has not U*eu decreased in acreage—reported at V6 per cent. » • The condition is re}>orted in upper (Carolina at 102 per cent.; middle Caro lina 102, and in lower Carolina 100. An average for the Htate of 101 per cent This is aliove the condition at the mme period in 1KM2, 1883, and in 1884, when it was reported at %, and in 1886 at 86 per cent., showing that the crop is in a better condition than for a period of yean. CORK. The growth of corn was somewhat re- tar led by the dry weather in April and early M*y ; but lucent rains in nearly every aection of the State has improved its condition very much. It is good on sandy aud bottom lands. Oaing to the favorable spring and ab sence from floods, tbe bottom lands have been lietter pre|*arcd and planted earlier than usual. ('orrwqHMidcnt* estimate the crop on bottoifia at 28 per oeuL, and on upland* at 72 ^br cent. Tbe eoadiUon. «*f the «n Carolina on L<Uoms 9V, un uplands st 100, in middle Carolina on bottoms 00, on uplands ‘JH; In lower Carolina 87 on on uplands VS: making an I for the (Mate, on both bottoms and uplands, 04 per cent, against 83 per cent, oompared to the crop of last year. I • SKAT ADO OAT*. Wheat and fall sown oats were ioivwd by frerars, the former a htth* sad the latter v»ry mack; but wh*«e the oats •or* loo iLia for a Maml they wars re sown m early spring. The correspondents rvport that the crop will yield much better than expected, the rrcrut ram* having very Muioh Un-1 KENTUCKY PIONEER UR* INCIDENT* OF “DARK AND LY DAYS IN «■ )DT OBOONXL** Rome Aeeowat el tkel ef DeaM Heons as (From Harper's 1 The dangers which companions encountered in the come to the very doors of their and constantly menaced that Indians lurked singly or ia seize a prisoner or take if ml] an incautious white ahonld give thn op portunity. Frequent combats (and SMh combat ended, aa a rule, in thn denlh of one "or both' of them habituated tbe men to 4 later that they felt the < wives and children. Late on a Sunday 1776, three young girts tbaeoeloanrsof Bo themselves with a • that flowed by the fort, drifted with the lacy i they were Aware of Mtsadby i drawn i ff m rapid nti Bhawnsa town la Ohio, wars heard at the lost, and thn anmn well gnaassd. Two « thn girts wm Batssy sMgFraaoea, liiaghtiw of OnL the migl tees the op. Jkr-I i luealitew. decreased Thar*} was an merraae in the ootton in sight, Fnday night, of 18,0U9 bale* as compared with Um- Mime date of 1886, an increase of 2,868 Lake as com pared with the oomeponduig date of 1885, and a decreaee of 23V.U compared with 1884. Old intenor stocks have unug the week 4,453 bales, .... nday night 88,415 bales leas than at the sme period last year. - The receipts at the same towns have been 1,137 bah* i than for the aame week last year, and atnoe Septemlier 1 the receipts at all the towns are 22,218 bales Iras than for the mme time in 1885-6. The total receipts from the plantations since September 1, 1886, were 5,181,660 bale*, in 1885 6 were 5,300,167 bate*, and in 1885 5 were 4,740,004 bate*. Although the receipt* at the outporta the past wpek were 7,5W bates, the actual move ment from plantaUons was only 2,844- jales, the balance being taken from the stocks at the interior tewoa. Last year the receipts from the plantations for the same week were 2,086 bales, and for 885 they were bales. . 32 cents; on bacon it was $2U a carload, now it is is fixed by the railroads° and published’ have favored ootton factories, and they have .prospered; the have discouraged all other factories, and they have per $36. Ho exorbitant is this local freight that the people have been compelled to resort to wagon .transportation. The lowest freight on the Augusta and Spar tanburg Road to Campobello, eighteen miles above Spartanburg, is $3 a tcin; first-class freight is $7 a ton. Wagons will haul it, without regard to class, for $3 per ton free of drayage, and are monopolizing, the mercantile business. Until recently the rate on cotton from Campobello was 70 cents a bale, while the wagons were eager to carry it at 50 cents a bale. Greenville and the' other cities of Upper Carolina arc in a like conditii In the seventh rejiort of the South Carolina radroad commission is publish ed a corresjxmdenoe between President Haskell, of the Columbia aud Greenville it*i«* Railroad, aud Col. Hummel, president of the Piedmont Factory, concerning the rate on ootton from Greenville to Piedtuie***-* mont, ten miles distant The railroad’s chaigc_-«« rfl flprjff * mh '“ L ‘ dray a. e, made the cost one dollar a lade. .- CoL liammct showed that the and when, the cost for extra handling is ascertained and established by law, the rights bt the shipper become so plain that no expensive railroad oommissibn is necessary to protect them. He knows the rate per mile, the distance he has shipped and the extra cost for handling the chus of freight offered. Whether he has been overcharged, is a question of simple fact with which the Courta can deal, and a penal statute is ample pro tection; Buf whether the remedy’ I have sug gested is the best or not, the evil to be remedied exists. It is an oppressive in cubus on the prosperity of South Caro The interests of 'South Carolina arc dear to every one of her sons, and especially to Uie members of the Press all along the centre, filling np the cavi ties and hiding from view the projecting rocks. In districts in which gravel or strong clay is obtained in this way, the result is often satisfactory enough. Bat as a general rule the contents of the ditch are simply mud or decayed veget able matter, fit only for manure. Spread over the road as a plaster, it rapidly be comes dust and is swept away by the wind, or else becomes mud and is washed back again into the ditch, or down into the hollows, in which in wet weather it forms a kind of quagmire, through which hors* s^loil wearily. The one ad vance we have made in this curious process over the early colonists is the invention of the large iron scoop or shovel, worked by oxen or horses, as substitute for the manual labor of the olden days. A foreigner, seeing it at work for the first time, is Vways disposed to believe that the road is being prepar ed for ..a crop of some kind, and as a matter of fact we have ourselves seen, many a mile of country road in whioh, after the spring repairs, poUitoes or corn would have grown very luxuriantly. Of course there are signs of progress out of this primitive condition in the more densely settled districts on the eastern coast and in the neighborhoot of the large cities. The Park roads, with which people hays’ been made fa miliar daring the past thirty years, have shown those who have never been abroac what a good road is, and have thus raised the standard of road-making, as the Vienna bakery raised the standard oi ! bread-making all over the country after the Philadelphia exposition in 18f7. Bat mdfct rural districts suffer greatly from not having a standard at all. Some o:! those who tax themselves most freely suffer most, because the plentiful supply of money not only does not improve the roads, but breeds a political nng, who treat it as “boodle." The reason the; MiffV.r is that, as they have nn standar. _ Ot KHLAAO Bt BALLOONS ■■ ■ ■ - # Th&^New York World has discovered a young aeronaut who expects to come across the country from St. Louis iff a liaLoon. The balio West. oon is now on its way It, is to take up the aeronaut, a photographer, a government metoorolo- rist and a reporter. Jane 11 has been fixed for the ascension, if the atmo spheric conditions are favorable. If they are not, the trip may be delayed until the meteorologist gives the word. He ios made a study of air currents and thinks he can avoid the mistakes of the past. ' . Four attempts have been made hereto fore to make long air voyages. In 185 ( J Wise traveled 1,200 miles under exceed ingly favorable conditions and the rate of a mile a minute. The Graphic bjd- loon went np in 1873 and was a failure. years ago Professor King asoendec from Minneapolis in “The Great North west” ia the centre of a high-pressure area and the balloon floated lazily over the city. Later he went up from Chi- ;o under conditions which sent him into the forests of Wisconsin. Since then the science of meteorology has made rapid strides, an4 the theory npon whioh the balloon will be sent up is this: Tf clonds are moving to the north of lines drawn from Salt Lake City and Quebec through St. Louis and the lower wind blows in the same direction; or if, with a clear sky, small balloons show the same motions, then I would not leayi the earth. U either of these currents f favoring, all we have to do is to get into it and sail on.” Professor H. Allen Hazen, the meteor ologist, has evidently studied the gitua- , tiou very carefully, and when he leaves the earth he ve ventured 4o cail these facts to your aUentiou. tt moss'* Far*. : advastaubs or thx sooth. The South haa natural soperionty over M North for manaflMtafea. We have labor, mild climate which is Gnat as thna wagons would ha>ul it for 56 cents a bale. Ha could get no rod action, was forced to fmploj wagons, and raved $2,5H<t a year by'doing so. All shippers who continued to ase tbe road were com pelled to jmj -the extortioaate rates which CoL Ham met thus avoided. Few peopte haft buraaera winwgh to ratal boh a wagon Um foe thrar taaaenort i WBat laraiimi LH11 jflll HJH1 UBMlo a room, as a tender woman's face,” asks George Elliott. Not any, we are happy to answer, provided the glow of health tear pert the tender ex pres loo. The pale, anx ious, bloodless face of a conaumpUre. or the evident -uflrrings of the dyspeptic, in duce feeling of sorrow and grief on our enrapell as to tell Urra of Dr. tercet ‘ GolMys Medical Discovery.” the »).«-r*-*jrn remedy for omeumptioe sad other dteraret of the ret pi rotary sytlae ra weli ra driorpM* sad other trootees buM cvw K, of goodness in roads, and do not make specific requirements as to what shall be done to keep the roads in oftta^itMfcr never possible to bring trustee*, or 111 I i *■ will have the benefit of al tbe knowledge that the Signal Office can afford him by its weather maps. His attempt will be watched with interest. The aeronaut ia counting on remaining in the air two dayx. H he can do. this he will have accomplished what no one in this country haa been able to do. It 'haa been the experience here that a bal loon They always escape have pot on the account, ean show they spring plaster; aud when away, as it is sure to tp User throw the blame on and the ample citizen, what to ra annua it ia waal n little later, the farah. not knowing Expansion 1 tmnjahluBfc m ray nothing of ei under the heal 01 proved U.«* o->n*lliM>D of the vesting ha* ***>aiuiroord IS aura* TImi oundiUoa of both crop* i* re ported at 21 pwr acnL for wtemt and 82 par optit., for eeta, agai—* 75 par oant. for «M*h Urt y«*r. rKwnLuaaa. The amount of oummesettl fertihaer* ■uid ia Um (Mete fur Uw past ia abowu by Um book* of the Meat, m 1mm then 188 eseeon of l8Nfi an 1 1886. (JoMMpendetiU report that the following per* rutetf** of commercial f8r- tiliarr* wm- naed Uua year Ammonia!- *d, M; amd pboaphote, 43; koinit^ ($• cheoiK-al*, sod that 32 pt-r ** nL pur fha*r**l «aa used for oouipoetuig, and that 72 per ornL of kainil «*e u*a*l thi* yearua eompared to ItMki. oaxiOAL M'SKAaV. Last year it wsa *q|i mated that 111 per occL lee* farm supphea was ptuuhaiwd Uian in iHrt’i, and thi* year 16 per rant more than last, atili making a *<f .1 jnr *. nt 1* fw* u..tn in ' I nn- inctvmac u duo to Iraaheta, which de stroyed the *>ti tire corn crop on the bot tom*, forcing farmer* to buy at the be- giauing of the anaon. But uor formen are oheerfol, hopeful and buoy anfi.And do not complain. And when it ia recollect* *1 that lew* fertilized ia* been purchased, labor cheaper and the crop cultivated at lera oual up to thia tunc than any crop for yean, thcr have ■ome reasons for r*joM*tug. iMbor in; nearly every .locality has been more ilentiful. The failure of the crop last year taught them to prepare for the wont, and, as one oorreepondeut puts it: “Ihey hold their own wonderfully; most of them started with nothing and still have it" me*. The reports from nearly every section of the Htate is at this time favorable for good crop, bat there are so many drawbacks in the production of the rice crop that the present • stimates m ty be very much changed before the maturity Of the crop. The condition is reported at 'J7 against 92 in 1885, and 90 in 1886. OTHER CHOPS. The condition of sorghum and sugar cane is re|K>rted good. Correspondents estimate that the acreage has been in creased. - Condition of sorghum and sugar cone each 98 against 92 for both crop last year. ne estimated increase in acreage of the sweet potata is placed at 2 per cent, or 101 for the State, and condition at 99 per cent. The acreage of Irish potatoes has been reported 1 per cent decrease, and the condition for the Htate 91 per cent, the same as laat year. The prospects for the fruit crop of nearly all kinds are not enoouraginj Apples, peaches and pears were bad injured by the cold winds in early spring. The grape and berry crops are' reported as very promising. The con dition of fruit is reported as follows: apples, .50; p«ache.-i, 28; pears, 38; grapes, 98; berries, 89. The condition of garden products is reported at 96 per cent, against 88 last year. Out of two hundred aud twenty-three correspondents reporting the state of the weather, 146 report good, 70 bur and 7 bail, showing that the seasons re been propitious for the growing crops. ■ ' ' , There is an old, notion that fish ia good brain food, bat an article by W. O Atwater iu the June number of the Cen tary Magazine goes far to destroy what faith there might have been in stush no tion. He declares that there is no proof of any exceptional abundance of phos phorus in flab. Un the contrary, he irguea that ay extended aerie* of in his laboratory has shown that the pro- C rtion of phosphorus disolorad in the ih of ordinary animals naed for foot tar- M thrit *—erMiriH fti rlti iml 11 n w Ihcar imud ra Whamarawak mmi in Ms water lo a By all tha their training the lx obacoro tha trail an Th* nightfall of I the pursuit of Boom far; bat ho Lad flood the folio wing mood with i tode for thirty Amda < oomppUod a halt, and agam alt of day on Turaday tha pomirift i ucwtxl. It was nut long before film of smoka that rora In tha showed when i a breast fast of boBhlo meat, Tha the rs cautiously approached, (oaring Mai I mliteiiM LUlifht mJLbT then OftDtiVM LBd •pe. CoL John Floyd, whojora ana (himriM afterwmit of the party ludians), thus rtmmihad tha the rescue in a ,Sunday to the CoL William Preston “Our study had been how to riaoners withont giving tha i. tune to murder them after they diooov- * rod us. Poor of us fired, and all of aa rushed on them; by which they wan prevented from carrying anything ai except one shot gun withont Lun. Colonel Boone and myaalf each a pretty fair shot and thoy began to move off. I am well oonvineed 1 abet one through the body. The one ha ahoi droppedina gun; mine had none. Tha place was covered with think cane, and being so much elated on recovering tha three poor little heart-broken girls, aa were prevented from making any farth er search. We sent the InnianB off al most naked, some without their mocen* sms, and none of them with so mpeh aa a knife or tomahawk. After the gfada come to themaelves to apeak, they told us there were five Indiana, four Anr- on oae and one Cherokee; they otydd peak good Englufe, and mad they ahaaii to to the .Hhawaaeae towna. Tha war- was like thoee I plied to | ehnty in l nys, ton bee op- I “Why de- : htth fa by the Eric of Walra, r* exist in the Baud lux food, we are a race of ao far ae Ms. of fiah that are i dioary or rays t and Ural the ntiv* qoali- fiah acid ar ia the bffcerat propov- and oily or fetty club we | of that: languages, which the girt* retained, < known to be Hhawane The retain of tha' the occasion for great rejotciag. To crown their i had proved their peowee* and i eye of the greatest of all shown their skill and had fairly won the giile they] weeks later a geaei throughout the little tet d the first wedding ever on Kentucky soiL Hemal and Betsy Collav presence of BA j ot-k-bntod the i j. Thai county court wi court boom of 1 than i Boone's I away' of fak of the i I