The Barnwell people. (Barnwell, S.C.) 1884-1925, June 16, 1887, Image 1
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VOL. X.
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BARNWELL, S. C.; THURSDAY, JUNE 16r1867r
NO. 42.
UA1LU0AD IHSCRIMINATION.
HOW IT AKFKCTS'Tl'E I>KVEI.OPMEVT
" l OF ijOlTII CAHOIANA.
The -Addreas Delivered Hefore the State
Fre** Amm»< lalltin. by Win. ^r* 5, dnnen.
Km|., KiHtqrof the SpArtanlmrT Herald.
The press of South Carolina has
strongly counselled diversity of crops
and diversity of industry.’ It las done
so forcihly, repeatedly, almost unani
mously, hut without avail. It is not my
purj'osc to-night to adduce arguments
to supiKirt the wisdom of this Counsel,
but to seek the cause which has made it
so harrai °f results ami to seek a
romeily.
I’NJI HT KAILUOAI* MSTIUMINATIOS.
The prime cause of our continuance
in our pernicious course lies in Iho policy
natural advantages are they arc more
than over-balanced-by the acquired ad-
van tagesof the North. They havd cheap
coal, Kkilled labor, experience in man-
agomf-nt, ample capital seeking invest
ment at a low rate of interest. They
have giant establishments, tilled with
lost improved labor-saving machin
ery and fumon a scale where expenses
are reduced to a minimum. They are
located in a dense population w ho sup
ply a local demand for their products.
They are located near the great commer
cial emporiums and ean place their sur
plus products on the market at the least
possible expense, sud they have Very
favondlU freigkt rates
Enable the great factories of the
to manufacture goods cheaper
DISCRIMINATION AOAINST CHARLESTON.
But this effect is not confined to the |Yif« | iv „
inland cities. Charleston, too, has ex
perienced the weight of this policy. A
few years ago Charleston was tire Mecca
of the merchants of upper Carolina. But
the railroads have so arranged freights
that it is just as cheap and quicker to
get their goods directly from New York,
and their trade lias flowed thither. As
an instance of the unjust discrimination
against Charleston, I cite fertilizers—
her chief , product. The rate from
Charleston to .S|>artanburg, about two
hundred miles, u £4 a ton,. From Rich
mond, Ya., oyer twice as far, Tt is but
AIIOL'T DIRT ROADS.
and Remedy—The Economy
Having (iood Road*.
(From The Nation.)
of
age
North
tbau our infant factories can possibly do
bo great are these advantages that
even John btuart Mill, the great apostle
of free trade, admits that some govern-
meutal protection is necessary to the es
tablishment of factories when they have
to compete with a country whose facto
ries -have an established business and
wli
tii i At _ • i wuose processes of work liave b, come
of the railroads of unjust discrimination The infant factories of the
against Our homo industries in favor of Xonh nquired and secured a
protection against the established facto-
. 1 ries of Kuglund. To-day they U ar to
us the same r< Lation whicli the old Kng-
‘ t,u -‘*hxtr factories l»oiv to them a c* utury
u the ' ago. Uur factories cannot hope for the
their foreign comiietitors.
lioiit: AND •TOUKIUS” FMK1 •?!
It appears on the surface t'
prosperity of a railroad dejuuds
prosperity of the country whic
ports it. This ia a partial fallacy
I SU]V
It is
•tiling
it is*to
•i j»eo-
! raise
'.VC llv#
• bu.‘h
as
iacse ndyant- ^t.‘2.'» a ton—a discrimination against
this city of neatly 100 percent. Is this
right? Should railroads of the State be
permitted to break down tbe business of
the principal city of the State? Charles
ton is naturally the nort of South Caro
lina. She is entitled to the trade of tbe
State, and she would have it if she could
get a fair showing, and the State should
see to it that she has that opportunity.
This policy of the railroads lias been
ruinous to the State's pros|N-rity. It has
stopped her small factories, saddhd the
heavy | farmers with debt, and ruined our inter
nal commerce*
A UEMCTY FOR THE WBOKO.
Is there no remedy for tliia wrong?
Have the people no rights to lie regard
ed? This has been the claim that the
the iett rest of the |>eoplc to buy n
w hich they can make profit d dj;
the interest of tbe railroads for tl
pie to buy i very thing abroad, an
cotton only to |siy lite debt; to h
local f*ctori««, to pnKlui - ' n *tl.):i^
-djej cotanat. IS4or>W»rWar rf «.•
ccaaion. When the |eo|>le ptVHlncv d what
liicy uavd and umm! wliat they made,
there was little demand for rail row l mo
v:«v, and th« ir tralhc was light.
Now, wlien wi bring our meat from
VLitv our cuni from Indiana, our (lour
from Illinois, oqr mola-srs fn itu 1, ' Oil-
ana, our shoes (jorn Masaachma tD and
our clothing frotn N. w Votk, ami when
we ship oar whole cotton crop h> pay
the d« l>t, the IrafLr of the trans|ior1 *Uob
protection which would build thtiu up.,
BoOi the fiec trade sentimi nt of our! nulroiulj have set. up. They assumed
people and Uie Constitution of the 1 the stockholders were the absolute
l uitol Statea prohibit any import duty ow ners of the romla, and any attcui|>ted
agwiust NorUiLm goiHla.
But sandy it is not demamU:..*
_ too
much to ask the proh-ction which n ature
ire* us the protcctkei of distmce?
is nrn a-^my TVf'fBTicTf
regulatiof
pelted aa
item by the (•overnment wst re-
an unwarranted mfnngenunt
on pnvate right. 1 >unug the weak and
truckin g rule of the Radical* thu buhl
.sandrit le gnt TNrpTlcTrTrTC-t wma woqumeced in. It ia
mand that the pnMlm*ft fr.im factories “o"' n'««>luldy exploded. It is now
shall be distributed throughout our own 1 hwhl in every Htate in the nation that
ntate as cheaply ae the products of for- ‘he railroads are jmbhc highways, eon-
eigu com|ieUt4irB? Surely it ia not re-1 •truett*! for the benefit of the peopif
quiring U
of the p.
the SUHs
unfair di*
i?
much
to demand that the
built fre.jm ntly at the rxpeofc
iple. for the ueTnkipmeul of
shall U<>t u>e their feiw
rituinaUon tc crush and rum
1 list Uie man age nn nt of these* highways 1
is given to a corporation by the htate, as
trustee* of her Kiveh-tgn power, a trust
0 ( | not to be abused. The power should la
• temw-d with equity
the struggling mdudm
com|>wn
product
a uas
tun of
I *> ■! * * I »*Aa
rm.if'm U
,i -
•uid
of the
of Um
manuhn Iuds
Cotton jJaLU
tntrfvsta the
Mrapiad to «
NUtc. They
purpose 1 y a
oua dtsmnut
prises in lave
tors.
Income unmease. 1 be
these things at 1 ><ime
r dm.it.lah the l*11.iness
la. llener it ia the int rest
alt to sopprma all I •me
ami shut up agncultu'e to
g alone, in this r la « of
adrowd managers hav< wot
cx.lhx' the arHare i
Late si'von.p.iMnvl
i i vLorinUnt and ov
slum sgsinat htate
r of their f.•reign coi
and dram
foreign rivals''
(will l
the
tin- htate
eoflrra;
The <
hurtful
througl
of all«•tin t crop*, and
aive culture of cotton.
its train r&trwvagance ami
ruutEks.
la hafillv
< UTS I *»!>»» Ill
ffeCt of this policy
to the far Surfs. K&ceeduigly
i fair* have indtimal the acf
I-"s au.< die aim.at ci-
Ihls bring*
debt, an-i
n ine | » -
U. y I is-1
is ITicy
aif<*r1* ..I i
1 the
the rod
ibelmn—ly tt hr)
I wtr
rstM 1 t
brir own supplk • t
toon* y.
but they ur,-*!***! ire
t trr-
eqiwigti
to pnrrfirae the c*.i
lj*» tl
wLirO t
bey dat not prudur*
tbiTr L
•obest *1 bt*. Nov
Fw*****’
rais« Ootton only,
lens
low
ieCtj
rlu-
d
In thia tlay of sliarp r
gin of profcD. witht it «
try can hvc. has become
the freight rsb « control
vafry the L
inch no in-1
m> narri'S t
us extstenc*
»t
tow frwghi tu*j fi
u*L t, a
Ligt:
fr*
.ht
will *tn>L|(W- it.
-But profit-, r* st i
i vm iim
»r%* ml
*# . , {**
< ly
on o**inp* titi* ’U. at
.*1 thii*.
Wh*
J.,*
•*la
on Um* arbitrary
^hlit if
Um;
rmiif*
wd
ml* rm. 1 may •*-*.-
m ju
■4 AD J
1 l\e»'
u-
abh- freight r**b ui
u Jt r «ii
irU &
ij .4i
tirse can pnwpei;
il nulru
|
U IhM?
L>
favor my eoinpvtil
or vilii
io*rr
ruUtt
he
can uno* r** trim*, <
imB
lY DiJ
CUrilt
o.
rum luj bustneas an-T drive me
field, it ia thus that the guui
Oil monopoly was built up
(ling ms's crush*d to U<
d
from
htand
■t«tr|
It is thus
htate would exercise it The State conkl
,f! not jusUv diaenmmate UclHccn its citt-
1 sena, and it* agents should not be |>er-
i mitUal to do so. The (Mate could not
with r<|uttyr build up one of ita cities at
the expense of other Cities, and Its
■menu should not be permitted to do so.
Tin htate would not »m*nfior tbe indns- ;
tries and pruapenty of her people to the i
I a Ur fit of foreign Comfietltois, and the i
railr *ad* shonlu not l*e allowed to do so. j
hhe htate, if she owned the rumls, would 1
not do them- things ecru for gain, nor I
should tbe railr* an Is. If the stock bo id- j
eis cun make a profit legituuah ly, they i
are vntithvl to it: if they cannot, they |
have simply made a ba>l mveattiM nt and
must abide by it. * .j
The right of the hmte to real rain all* I j
i«gulate tin railroads is now undisputed. 1
1 Uc qu* stion ansrs. how ia thi* to he
done efiectively ? We have attemptavl to I
do so by a railroad commission. * 1 do 1
not know what they have done, 1 do not
impugn their action*. But this arc do
know, that tliia stifling and pmiictous ,
I •obey of dtacnni i nati* »n against Lome |
eat* rprise* haa s|>rucg up danng their i
control, and the coniutiou of affairs is I
mfluitely aoise now tl>a** before Uieir
interference.
1 have attempte*! to show that oar
preaent need ia low distributing rate*
The internal cotnmenw of Um* htate I "***■ h> our bote produean aa cht*p m
haa been ruint-d, and the growth of our j proj ortion to diatanee aa thoee
Iuung citiea has l>een checked bv thn* **> them foreign competitor*.
be easily, chewpty and
‘^MXPk# UH-'OrJ i Uirtr 11
Ukif imruM Aft t a»|’t%
iVitlaltk 111 a! CHUM* NTBjm
m L tiM*
they mak*-
rts ate fall if
nei money all
1 heT are rich
UteO, if J*Oof all the lulauce
\\ hitet lin y luiv<* Ue* nion* y
•hr it medic sly, anuoaf
pir* * ar* CotBpelia d b< go
mcesssriee of life,
vewr's cr* *p mad go U
being, and a *>deta oi d« l-t
id the' J *ur. |
they squsu-
•rv Um* ymi * x-
m debt for lb* {
Vnd to the n*'tt!
juy for last rear'*
haa I*«a
SIS
•1 oh the cuuniry which lias
Lronght it to the eerg* ef hankni|*t* y.
Vi ho can for* see the result of oae more
crop failure?
oik ISHUOiAL cotnuunyL -*■
tLat the giant factorus of the North sre same ruinous policy. The pro*|>erity of J believw, |
*l>lr lo klnuiglt' uur ^trug^uug factor.*;* ciUe* IxAiyp ou the* will of tbe nuiruwii | e^ctiTeij Becufed.
m their infan*’r. ! aatocriils. They can caoae busmen* to
Tbe tbeeriauaation • practiced again -t flow into U, or to gM ulaewheiu. Th* y
the shippers in South Caruhna ia enon c h h-cuaed advautagtei at a country crusa-
to paralyse almost anv enterprise. j D*a*l in (ieorgia and Atlanta, sprang up
teeming with < uterjtriiu* and wealth. A
withdrawal of these advantages would
I dissipate her business, and her pros)* ri
granted
Tina, I
NO it It 1*I.A< Tic At. IU.1 snUTI'VNN,
A g* ntieman contemplated the estsb-
liahnieut of a fcrl ibzer (actorr in Spar
tanburg. It is found Unit .the freight
rate from Spart.inluirg to Wellford, dis
tant on the ITedniout Air Line mil* a,
is f IT.oO a earn-ad, or 81.46 a milt , t.
rate from Ricluuond, Ya., ia li) cents a
atilt*, a discnnnnatiou of nearly 1,400
per cent, in favor of the foreign shinjur.
There could be no claim by the railroad
in this case for extra expense in hand
ling, for the shipper is retiuirod to. load
bis OWfl 6kIVanU due Yailroail is to haul
il kl ItB CbliVehicuce. The rate To
A 1 MrORM kATR rou ALL SHUTIAUi.
I mier the Inter-State law all through
rates must be reasonable and equitable.
Theae rates must be public, i'hia we
; cuunot interfere with and would nob
; But thia State can pwas a law providing
1 that whatever rate per mile the roa*Ls tlx
the List. TVu [or tluoogh freight, that same rate shall
of the mil- be granted to our local shippore with the
klded.
ty would la* a dream of
yPkb! R^o U was Hie poliey <•! the mil
roa*ls to build np the internal com merer
of tliis State. Favoring through rates
were given to railroad centre* sud aheap
distributing rates. In a tingle decade
Spartanburg doubhxl hex liininrwii amT - ' 1 ^ 111 , *‘* |/ >
tnple*l her |xtpulation; wholesale houses
were ektablisheU and supplieil the local
trnde tor mil»*s an iiml—Her goods were
told within twenty miles of Atlanta.
I'acolst, on thi* Spartanburg and Union
Road, 12‘miles distant, is the same,
117 .Bo a carload.
\Vo have in Spartanburg a struggling
door and blind factor/. The freight to
Greenville, thirty-two miles distant, on
the Atlanta and Charlotte Air Line is
$32 a carload, or $1 a, mile. Thu same
freight from New York to Greenville is
‘12 cents per mile.
Thus*.: instances are not exceptional,
and 1 have mentioned Spartanburg only
because the rates there were more easily
attainable. Other cities will be found
in like circumstance, and other rates in
like proportion. ^Instances could 'be
multiplied indefinitely. By reference to
the report of the Sout^i Carolina railroad
t tlie average rate
commission we find tltflt
charged to foreign shipper, Greenville
and Columbia Railroad, for each to i of
freight was nine.mills per mile; for
booth Carolina shipper to liomc con
sumers fifty-six mills per mile, a dis
crimination of’ nearly COO per cent,
against onr South Carolina producers.
Is it strange that in the face of such dis
crimination our local enterprises lan
guish and die, and foreign factories
usurp our home market?
'special rates for cotton factories.
There is one eJ&Sji. of lactones which
have been fostered by the railroads, and
they have prospered. They are the. cot
ton factories. Their products arc "not
specially intended for home consump
tion. * Their goods are shipiied princi
pally to foreign markets, and their
growth does not diminish railroad busi
ness, but rather stimulates the produc
ticn of the export crop. Hence the rail
roads have lent them a strong hel
hand. Their finished cloth is ahi L
from Greenville to New York at $10.HU a
ton; the raw ootton is charged $13.00
tom Tbe same goods, shipped by
, to New Y™*. w
$9LfiU a' Tom The railroads
Within tbu pani seven years this cn-
cour. gement to wholesale internal com
merce has been withdrawn hn<T the busi
ness has pi rishech tXiucessions have
Tieth made to no distributing points ex
cept Charleston and Columbia, where
proximity to water compelled it. But
even these have lieen deprived of what is
more important—their cheap distribut
ing rates.
TUB WHOLESALE TRADE OF THE INTERIOR.
I again take iSpartmiburg as a typo of
her sister cities. In 18H1 the rate on
fertilizers from Spartanburg to Wellford,
on the Atlanta and Charlotte Air Line,
or to Pacolet, on the Spartanburg and
Union Road, was $7.50 a carload; now
it is $17.50, an increase of nearly 200
per cent. The local trade has been de
stroyed.
In 1881 the freight on flour to Pacolet
was 10 cents a barrel, now it is
oust of extra ImmUing kdded. Of course
it would be unjust to require them to
load and haul freight the first mile for
the swuie amount for which they merely
mile. Rat when they
have been amply paid for loading, shift
ing and starting the car, there seems no
good reason why they shouldhiharge our
own shippers more for merely continu
ing to haul it than they charge to for
eign shippers for exactly the same ser
vice.
A, liberal allowance should be made
for tliis cost of handling. Then* are but
tweuty classes of freight. The General
Assembly could appoint a committee to
meet during vacation to take testimony
as to this cost. 1 This- charge should in
clude not only the cost of loading, but
the cost of extra shifting and starting.
It should be regulated in justice to the
rkilroads and to the people. The local
rate should be based on the actual cost
of transportation, and not on the basis
of “whatever the traffic will bear.” Un
der the most liberal allowance it will
never be found that it costs over one-
third as much to ship a carload of guano
twelve miles as it does to ship it 400
miles, and that, too, when it is loaded
by the shipper.
When once the through rate per mile
About this time of year Americans be
gin to give an amonnt of attention to
roads aud road-making which is sadly
wanting during the rest of it. There is
probably no people in the world which
has made such progress in the arts of
civilized life generally that seems to care
so little for what a good many social
philosophers put among the very fore
most ot them, the art of road-making.’
In fact, some philosophers have pro-
uonceed the history of roads the history
of civilization; Nothing distinguished a
civilized country from a barbarous one
so markedly as the difference between
the means of communication between
one locality and another. As a general
rule, one knows that a people is rising
in the scale by seeing its roads improve;
one knows that it is declining by seeing
its row*Is go out of repair. Nothing
marked so-vividly the great plunge into
Isirliarism which £uro|Ki took after the
fall of the Roman empire aa the disap
pearance of the superb lines of commu
nication which led from the forum
straight aa an arrow tt> every corner of
the Itoman world. Nothing, too, tells
the tale of Uhineee deoadepoe so dis
tinctly *s the ruin which lias overtaken
the great mads aud canals which at an
earlier-prritHl connected the capital with
the provii cea. When an American goes
to Lurope for the first time, nothing
seems odder than the superiority of tbe
Furojican roads in eouutne* which can
make no prefeinw vt • qwahng the United
States in other marks of material
progress. W • are not a declining peo
ple; on the contrary we ate the most
growing pe* pie in the world. We are
not among the jioor nation* of tin* globe;
on the contrary we are prolsthly tbe
very neh* *L We aiu hoi unlUWent le
material improvement; oil tl*e contrary
the unat frequent charge made against
us is that w<* give too much slteuln.u to
I it, and yet w** are worse off, by far, in
i the matter of roads than any utner high
ly civilised •'<immunity.
Tbe original reason of the American
i indifference about roads was proUtblj
' the rapidity with which the early Ssttlerw
•matter**! Ui* tuerIves in mall eoauuuni-
I lice over w ide araaa. The fewer people
there are to the square mile of inhabited
, territory, of course the euether roads be-
, ou*, and when population is very much
dispersed, as m frontier srltleuirnta,
i people ceaas hi think of good roads aa a
luxury within their reach, and devote
ihemaciice simply to the task of keeping
t them p.osabu*. This tendency to ueg-
I loci U*u art of road-making would pfi»o-
*hly have dimppuared «arly in that pen
lory if the railroads had nut ootnc in aa
■ the great tin* a of ooumauioaUou, thrown
the post roads and military roads out of
I tar, and relegated all ruatls but railroads
| to the eobdittoO of croes-ioada or by-
wey a Inc railroads not only dkl Una,
: but they dispersed the settlers over still
wider areas than * v* r, and thus made the
prosjwct of ntnuiug a good highway
past every man's door seem hopeless.
The conecqu* nee has been that the early
colonial or frontier state of mind—in
aiueli a road was considered good
enough if it was simply practicable 1
wheeled vehicle* (that is, if there were
no hole* or rocks in it sufficiently
formidable to upset s carnage), and any
thing better than thia an unattainable
luxury—has almost settled into a r**> ■*••*.)
tradition.^
One has only to go s few miles oat of
sny of our large ethos to find the roads
10 every direction Wing repaired in the
eisct manner in which they were re
paired by the struggling colonists 'be
tween 1B30 and 17U4- thaLiSr nothing is
sttempted beyond filling up the hole*
with any material that is at hand, and
affording facilities for the water to run
off. The material that is st hand is, of
course, the mud of compost oat of the
adjacent^ ditch. This is shovelled up
with the utmost gravity and deposited
demand for the use of the sledge-ham
mer for the safety of bortes and car
riages. The waste of all this, through
the wear and tear of animals, vehicles
and harness, is of course immense. As
it is not eksy to calculate it, it makes but
little impression on the popular mind,
bat it probably far surpasses the cost of
thorough repair or macadamization.
Until a standard has been set np, in
creased votes of money for road making
will in populous districts simply result
in the multiplication of the people who
live by “politics.”
There is little doahtr tee, that not
only was the light wagon, for which
America is now famous, produced by the
laulncss of oar roads, but it now helps
to keep thu roods bod by diminishing,
in the public eye, the inconvenience of
them. The wagon in which Americans
delight, and which no other nation has
yet been able to imitate, really get* over
uad roads ^most as easily as a saddle or
C k horse. \Ye liave seen it jun p a
oe behind a runaway with a certain
grace and dexterity. But had roads tell
‘ though not perhaps
on heavier,vehicles. It is
exaggeration to say tliat a
light wagon would last one-third longer
on anj^ngliah or Hwiss road than on
ouni,'snd would be a far greater luxury.
Nobody shows more appreciation of the
smooth, hard park roads than the trot
ting men, although they prefer the dirt
road to “speed” on; and they may be
said to be the only riass of tbe commu
nity to whose nnedq or wishes attention
in the matter of ruethmaking has l>een
I *1 1 1 tit •iWT.I r i f ti««YT
nave been left to get along as beet they
can, although they use mails for tuiMne
and n<4 pleasure. In no department of
onr material progress, in fact, is there
so much need of reform as in onr road
making, and above all in onr road re
pel ring, whether we look at the mattei
froth the health or the pleasure point of
grace anu «iei
on it rapidly
as rapidly as <
hardly an ei
view.
TL* Cetlae
The New York Financial Chronicle, in ,
Ms w«rkly ootton renew, anya that fur.
the week rtyling Fnday evening, the Vi
instant, the total receipts have reached
7,.Y.*y lodes, against »,M& bales last week, !
lu,*‘*26 balsa the previous week, and 1.
fri»» lairs three weeks MUM, making the
total reoeipte Moee the 1st rit .HeptnuL r.
UMl, O.IT&.khT bale*, against 5,1 x’*, 1,6
bales for the aame )>enotl of INRV rt,
abowung a decrease atnoe Bcptember I,
!(•«, of i»,27V bales.
The exports for the week ending the
■ame time rmeh a total ot 8,34V balra,
of which 0,804 were to Great llntatn, d»
to France, and 1,615 to the rest of the
continent
The imports into eonbnsntal ports
for the ■ame period have been ‘JU.UJU
- THE CUOFA rx THE NTATK.
a
How Ttiry Aiiprar to thr Corre*|M»iHlaats
of thr DriHtrtnirnt of Agrtrnlture.
-’The Dopnriment of Agriculture has
received 2 IB cqtcciaL reports from its
township *v>rn **po i ndcnte regarding the
crops, of an overage date of June 1, of
which the following is a summary:
(x/ryo*.
The crop is from two to three weeks
earlier, and ntauda tx^ter than last year.
The crop is clean and growing rapidly,
and is now verging to Umb and square,
and looks vigorous and h< althy. It has
not U*eu decreased in acreage—reported
at V6 per cent. » •
The condition is re}>orted in upper
(Carolina at 102 per cent.; middle Caro
lina 102, and in lower Carolina 100. An
average for the Htate of 101 per cent
This is aliove the condition at the mme
period in 1KM2, 1883, and in 1884, when
it was reported at %, and in 1886 at 86
per cent., showing that the crop is in a
better condition than for a period of
yean.
CORK.
The growth of corn was somewhat re-
tar led by the dry weather in April and
early M*y ; but lucent rains in nearly
every aection of the State has improved
its condition very much. It is good on
sandy aud bottom lands.
Oaing to the favorable spring and ab
sence from floods, tbe bottom lands have
been lietter pre|*arcd and planted earlier
than usual.
('orrwqHMidcnt* estimate the crop on
bottoifia at 28 per oeuL, and on upland*
at 72 ^br cent.
Tbe eoadiUon. «*f the «n
Carolina on L<Uoms 9V, un uplands st
100, in middle Carolina on bottoms 00,
on uplands ‘JH; In lower Carolina 87 on
on uplands VS: making an I
for the (Mate, on both bottoms
and uplands, 04 per cent, against 83 per
cent, oompared to the crop of last year. I
• SKAT ADO OAT*.
Wheat and fall sown oats were ioivwd
by frerars, the former a htth* sad the
latter v»ry mack; but wh*«e the oats
•or* loo iLia for a Maml they wars re
sown m early spring.
The correspondents rvport that the
crop will yield much better than expected,
the rrcrut ram* having very Muioh Un-1
KENTUCKY PIONEER UR*
INCIDENT* OF
“DARK AND
LY DAYS IN «■
)DT OBOONXL**
Rome Aeeowat el tkel
ef DeaM Heons as
(From Harper's 1
The dangers which
companions encountered in the
come to the very doors of their
and constantly menaced that
Indians lurked singly or ia
seize a prisoner or take if ml]
an incautious white ahonld give thn op
portunity. Frequent combats (and SMh
combat ended, aa a rule, in thn denlh of
one "or both' of them
habituated tbe men to 4
later that they felt the <
wives and children.
Late on a Sunday
1776, three young girts
tbaeoeloanrsof Bo
themselves with a •
that flowed by the fort,
drifted with the lacy i
they were Aware of
Mtsadby
i drawn i
ff m rapid nti
Bhawnsa town la Ohio,
wars heard at the lost, and thn anmn
well gnaassd. Two « thn girts wm
Batssy sMgFraaoea, liiaghtiw of OnL
the
migl
tees the
op. Jkr-I
i luealitew.
decreased
Thar*} was an merraae in the ootton
in sight, Fnday night, of 18,0U9 bale*
as compared with Um- Mime date of
1886, an increase of 2,868 Lake as com
pared with the oomeponduig date of
1885, and a decreaee of 23V.U
compared with 1884.
Old intenor stocks have
unug the week 4,453 bales, ....
nday night 88,415 bales leas than at the
sme period last year. - The receipts at
the same towns have been 1,137 bah*
i than for the aame week last year,
and atnoe Septemlier 1 the receipts at all
the towns are 22,218 bales Iras than for
the mme time in 1885-6.
The total receipts from the plantations
since September 1, 1886, were 5,181,660
bale*, in 1885 6 were 5,300,167 bate*, and
in 1885 5 were 4,740,004 bate*. Although
the receipt* at the outporta the past
wpek were 7,5W bates, the actual move
ment from plantaUons was only 2,844-
jales, the balance being taken from the
stocks at the interior tewoa. Last year
the receipts from the plantations for the
same week were 2,086 bales, and for
885 they were bales. .
32 cents;
on bacon it was $2U a carload, now it is is fixed by the railroads° and published’
have favored ootton factories, and they
have .prospered; the have discouraged
all other factories, and they have per
$36. Ho exorbitant is this local freight
that the people have been compelled to
resort to wagon .transportation. The
lowest freight on the Augusta and Spar
tanburg Road to Campobello, eighteen
miles above Spartanburg, is $3 a tcin;
first-class freight is $7 a ton. Wagons
will haul it, without regard to class, for
$3 per ton free of drayage, and are
monopolizing, the mercantile business.
Until recently the rate on cotton from
Campobello was 70 cents a bale, while
the wagons were eager to carry it at 50
cents a bale.
Greenville and the' other cities of
Upper Carolina arc in a like conditii
In the seventh rejiort of the South
Carolina radroad commission is publish
ed a corresjxmdenoe between President
Haskell, of the Columbia aud Greenville it*i«*
Railroad, aud Col. Hummel, president
of the Piedmont Factory, concerning the
rate on ootton from Greenville to Piedtuie***-*
mont, ten miles distant The railroad’s
chaigc_-«« rfl flprjff * mh '“ L ‘
dray a. e, made the cost one dollar a
lade. .- CoL liammct showed that the
and when, the cost for extra handling is
ascertained and established by law, the
rights bt the shipper become so plain
that no expensive railroad oommissibn is
necessary to protect them. He knows
the rate per mile, the distance he has
shipped and the extra cost for handling
the chus of freight offered. Whether he
has been overcharged, is a question of
simple fact with which the Courta can
deal, and a penal statute is ample pro
tection;
Buf whether the remedy’ I have sug
gested is the best or not, the evil to be
remedied exists. It is an oppressive in
cubus on the prosperity of South Caro
The interests of 'South Carolina
arc dear to every one of her sons, and
especially to Uie members of the Press
all along the centre, filling np the cavi
ties and hiding from view the projecting
rocks. In districts in which gravel or
strong clay is obtained in this way, the
result is often satisfactory enough. Bat
as a general rule the contents of the
ditch are simply mud or decayed veget
able matter, fit only for manure. Spread
over the road as a plaster, it rapidly be
comes dust and is swept away by the
wind, or else becomes mud and is washed
back again into the ditch, or down into
the hollows, in which in wet weather it
forms a kind of quagmire, through
which hors* s^loil wearily. The one ad
vance we have made in this curious
process over the early colonists is the
invention of the large iron scoop or
shovel, worked by oxen or horses, as
substitute for the manual labor of the
olden days. A foreigner, seeing it at
work for the first time, is Vways disposed
to believe that the road is being prepar
ed for ..a crop of some kind, and as a
matter of fact we have ourselves seen,
many a mile of country road in whioh,
after the spring repairs, poUitoes or corn
would have grown very luxuriantly.
Of course there are signs of progress
out of this primitive condition in the
more densely settled districts on the
eastern coast and in the neighborhoot
of the large cities. The Park roads,
with which people hays’ been made fa
miliar daring the past thirty years, have
shown those who have never been abroac
what a good road is, and have thus
raised the standard of road-making, as
the Vienna bakery raised the standard oi !
bread-making all over the country after
the Philadelphia exposition in 18f7. Bat
mdfct rural districts suffer greatly from
not having a standard at all. Some o:!
those who tax themselves most freely
suffer most, because the plentiful supply
of money not only does not improve the
roads, but breeds a political nng, who
treat it as “boodle." The reason the;
MiffV.r is that, as they have nn standar. _
Ot KHLAAO Bt BALLOONS
■■ ■ ■ - #
Th&^New York World has discovered
a young aeronaut who expects to come
across the country from St. Louis iff a
liaLoon. The balio
West.
oon is now on its way
It, is to take up the aeronaut, a
photographer, a government metoorolo-
rist and a reporter. Jane 11 has been
fixed for the ascension, if the atmo
spheric conditions are favorable. If they
are not, the trip may be delayed until
the meteorologist gives the word. He
ios made a study of air currents and
thinks he can avoid the mistakes of the
past. ' .
Four attempts have been made hereto
fore to make long air voyages. In 185 ( J
Wise traveled 1,200 miles under exceed
ingly favorable conditions and the rate
of a mile a minute. The Graphic bjd-
loon went np in 1873 and was a failure.
years ago Professor King asoendec
from Minneapolis in “The Great North
west” ia the centre of a high-pressure
area and the balloon floated lazily over
the city. Later he went up from Chi-
;o under conditions which sent him
into the forests of Wisconsin. Since
then the science of meteorology has
made rapid strides, an4 the theory npon
whioh the balloon will be sent up is this:
Tf clonds are moving to the north of
lines drawn from Salt Lake City and
Quebec through St. Louis and the lower
wind blows in the same direction; or if,
with a clear sky, small balloons show the
same motions, then I would not leayi
the earth. U either of these currents f
favoring, all we have to do is to get into
it and sail on.”
Professor H. Allen Hazen, the meteor
ologist, has evidently studied the gitua-
, tiou very carefully, and when he leaves
the earth he
ve ventured
4o cail these facts to your aUentiou.
tt moss'* Far*.
: advastaubs or thx sooth.
The South haa natural soperionty over
M North for manaflMtafea. We have
labor, mild climate
which is
Gnat as thna
wagons would ha>ul it for 56 cents a bale.
Ha could get no rod action, was
forced to fmploj wagons, and raved
$2,5H<t a year by'doing so. All shippers
who continued to ase tbe road were com
pelled to jmj -the extortioaate rates
which CoL Ham met thus avoided. Few
peopte haft buraaera winwgh to ratal
boh a wagon Um foe thrar taaaenort
i WBat laraiimi LH11 jflll HJH1 UBMlo
a room, as a tender woman's face,” asks
George Elliott. Not any, we are happy to
answer, provided the glow of health tear
pert the tender ex pres loo. The pale, anx
ious, bloodless face of a conaumpUre. or
the evident -uflrrings of the dyspeptic, in
duce feeling of sorrow and grief on our
enrapell as to tell Urra of Dr.
tercet ‘ GolMys Medical Discovery.” the
»).«-r*-*jrn remedy for omeumptioe sad
other dteraret of the ret pi rotary sytlae ra
weli ra driorpM* sad other
trootees buM cvw
K,
of goodness in roads, and do not make
specific requirements as to what shall be
done to keep the roads in oftta^itMfcr
never possible to bring trustee*, or
111 I i *■
will have the benefit of al
tbe knowledge that the Signal Office can
afford him by its weather maps. His
attempt will be watched with interest.
The aeronaut ia counting on remaining
in the air two dayx. H he can do. this
he will have accomplished what no one
in this country haa been able to do. It
'haa been the experience here that a bal
loon
They always escape
have pot on the
account,
ean show they
spring plaster; aud when
away, as it is sure to tp
User throw the blame on
and the ample citizen,
what to ra
annua
it ia waal
n little later,
the farah.
not knowing
Expansion
1 tmnjahluBfc m
ray nothing of ei
under the heal 01
proved U.«* o->n*lliM>D of the
vesting ha* ***>aiuiroord IS aura*
TImi oundiUoa of both crop* i* re
ported at 21 pwr acnL for wtemt and 82
par optit., for eeta, agai—* 75 par oant.
for «M*h Urt y«*r.
rKwnLuaaa.
The amount of oummesettl fertihaer*
■uid ia Um (Mete fur Uw past
ia abowu by Um book* of the
Meat, m 1mm then 188 eseeon of l8Nfi an 1
1886. (JoMMpendetiU report that the
following per* rutetf** of commercial f8r-
tiliarr* wm- naed Uua year Ammonia!-
*d, M; amd pboaphote, 43; koinit^ ($•
cheoiK-al*, sod that 32 pt-r ** nL pur
fha*r**l «aa used for oouipoetuig, and
that 72 per ornL of kainil «*e u*a*l thi*
yearua eompared to ItMki.
oaxiOAL M'SKAaV.
Last year it wsa *q|i mated that 111 per
occL lee* farm supphea was ptuuhaiwd
Uian in iHrt’i, and thi* year 16 per rant
more than last, atili making a
*<f .1 jnr *. nt 1* fw* u..tn in ' I nn-
inctvmac u duo to Iraaheta, which de
stroyed the *>ti tire corn crop on the bot
tom*, forcing farmer* to buy at the be-
giauing of the anaon.
But uor formen are oheerfol, hopeful
and buoy anfi.And do not complain. And
when it ia recollect* *1 that lew* fertilized
ia* been purchased, labor cheaper and
the crop cultivated at lera oual up to thia
tunc than any crop for yean, thcr have
■ome reasons for r*joM*tug. iMbor in;
nearly every .locality has been more
ilentiful.
The failure of the crop last year taught
them to prepare for the wont, and, as
one oorreepondeut puts it: “Ihey hold
their own wonderfully; most of them
started with nothing and still have it"
me*.
The reports from nearly every section
of the Htate is at this time favorable for
good crop, bat there are so many
drawbacks in the production of the rice
crop that the present • stimates m ty be
very much changed before the maturity
Of the crop. The condition is reported
at 'J7 against 92 in 1885, and 90 in 1886.
OTHER CHOPS.
The condition of sorghum and sugar
cane is re|K>rted good. Correspondents
estimate that the acreage has been in
creased. - Condition of sorghum and
sugar cone each 98 against 92 for both
crop last year.
ne estimated increase in acreage of
the sweet potata is placed at 2 per cent,
or 101 for the State, and condition at 99
per cent.
The acreage of Irish potatoes has
been reported 1 per cent decrease, and
the condition for the Htate 91 per cent,
the same as laat year.
The prospects for the fruit crop of
nearly all kinds are not enoouraginj
Apples, peaches and pears were bad
injured by the cold winds in early
spring. The grape and berry crops are'
reported as very promising. The con
dition of fruit is reported as follows:
apples, .50; p«ache.-i, 28; pears, 38;
grapes, 98; berries, 89. The condition
of garden products is reported at 96 per
cent, against 88 last year.
Out of two hundred aud twenty-three
correspondents reporting the state of
the weather, 146 report good, 70 bur
and 7 bail, showing that the seasons
re been propitious for the growing
crops. ■ ' ' ,
There is an old, notion that fish ia
good brain food, bat an article by W. O
Atwater iu the June number of the Cen
tary Magazine goes far to destroy what
faith there might have been in stush no
tion. He declares that there is no proof
of any exceptional abundance of phos
phorus in flab. Un the contrary, he
irguea that ay extended aerie* of
in his laboratory has shown that the pro-
C rtion of phosphorus disolorad in the
ih of ordinary animals naed for foot
tar- M thrit *—erMiriH
fti rlti iml 11 n w Ihcar imud
ra Whamarawak mmi
in Ms water lo a
By all tha
their training the lx
obacoro tha trail an
Th* nightfall of I
the pursuit of Boom
far; bat ho Lad flood the
folio wing
mood with i
tode for thirty Amda <
oomppUod a halt, and agam alt
of day on Turaday tha pomirift i
ucwtxl. It was nut long before
film of smoka that rora In tha
showed when i
a breast fast of boBhlo meat, Tha
the
rs cautiously approached, (oaring Mai
I mliteiiM LUlifht mJLbT then OftDtiVM LBd
•pe. CoL John Floyd, whojora ana
(himriM afterwmit
of the party
ludians), thus rtmmihad tha
the rescue in a
,Sunday to the
CoL William Preston
“Our study had been how to
riaoners withont giving tha i.
tune to murder them after they diooov-
* rod us. Poor of us fired, and all of aa
rushed on them; by which they wan
prevented from carrying anything ai
except one shot gun withont
Lun. Colonel Boone and myaalf
each a pretty fair shot and thoy began to
move off. I am well oonvineed 1 abet
one through the body. The one ha ahoi
droppedina gun; mine had none. Tha
place was covered with think cane, and
being so much elated on recovering tha
three poor little heart-broken girls, aa
were prevented from making any farth
er search. We sent the InnianB off al
most naked, some without their mocen*
sms, and none of them with so mpeh aa
a knife or tomahawk. After the gfada
come to themaelves to apeak, they told
us there were five Indiana, four Anr-
on oae and one Cherokee; they otydd
peak good Englufe, and mad they ahaaii
to to the .Hhawaaeae towna. Tha war-
was like thoee I
plied to |
ehnty in l
nys, ton bee
op- I “Why
de- : htth fa
by the Eric
of Walra,
r*
exist in the
Baud lux food,
we are a race of
ao far ae
Ms.
of fiah that are i
dioary
or rays t
and Ural the
ntiv* qoali-
fiah acid ar
ia the bffcerat propov-
and oily or fetty
club we |
of that:
languages, which the girt* retained, <
known to be Hhawane
The retain of tha'
the occasion for great rejotciag. To
crown their i
had proved their peowee* and i
eye of the greatest of all
shown their skill and
had fairly won the giile they]
weeks later a geaei
throughout the little
tet d the first wedding ever
on Kentucky soiL Hemal
and Betsy Collav
presence of BA j
ot-k-bntod the i
j. Thai
county court wi
court boom of 1
than i
Boone's I
away'
of fak
of the i
I