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.1 UL- - L. -J??J- i -1 gfc. -1 1 , mx. II mull Washington's Early Adventures Now Assuming New Significance MONUMENT OVC?TM? *WAKf I ?. ORAKE t| Ab ne I COOKEDf ^H Ib5f> } it 7< Dy HENRY BOTSFORD i f" ? 1FTKU well nigh u century and I three-quarters u new Interest i|^T--r pas recently been aroused In the earliest inilltnry adventures of George Washington. "When barely twenty-one years old, in 1T6S, Washington was sent by Governor Dinwiddle of Virginia into the #ar northwestern wilderness?that Is, .northwestern Pennsylvania?to warn the French that they must cease their efforts to occupy that region. Recent traaearehos have given a new hlstori cal significance to that expedition, during which Washington, always reckless of his personal safety, had I one of his narrow escapes from death j at the hands of a treacherous Indian ! guide. The French at that time occupied 1 (Xanadu and claimed the Mississippi and Ohio Valleys. Though the fringe j of English speaking colonies along! the Atlantic contained the chief Euro-] poan population, France maintained -sovereignty over most of North America's area. They wore apparently de-! *tarmlned to occupy northwestern Pennsylvania, partly because It was known even then to ho rich In petroleum. Region's Wealth Known Pioneers and missionaries. Kngliah, French, German and Dutch, had -all reported to their governments j that the petroleum was of great potential value. There Is, however, no reason to believe that Washington knew, of Its existence or value until ihls adventure of 1753. Thou he learn-j ed that the oil had long been uwd by j 'the Indians and the pioneering whites for fuel and light, for medicine and in -making war paint. Washington was so much Impressed with its possibilities that ho later became owner of a large area of oil-bearing lands. Although the petroleum Industry In ltB modern form whs then undreamed of, ! Washington was so sure that a fortune resided in his oil-bearing lands that in his will he listed ttiem as hts most valuable holdings. In the prop- j erty schedule attached to the wtll tie wrote: '"this tract was taken up by Gen oral Lewis and myself on account of <ho bituminous spring which it contains. of so Inflammable a nature as, to burn as freely as spirits and as I uonrly difficult to extinguish." The Will of Washington Home historians declare that in an earlier will Washington dedicated this "burning spring" to the public. At1 any rate, it had passed from his ownorahlp before his death. He sold this tract for $200,00t>, hut, suspecting It might revert to hts estate under a mortgage, he warned hts heirs that should It do so It would he worth much more than the $200,000. Although Washington's llrst knowledge of petroleum \sns galuod within a few miles of the place where the Itrat oil well In the world whs drilled, that llrst well \fcns not opeood until J one hundred and six years lator, 1859. In that year Edwin Laurenttno Drake bored the flrst well, just south of Tltusville. Pennsylvania, and really atarted the modern petroleum industry A Development Wonder Today the American Industry is the] major part of the world's oil business. Americans are directing oil developments all over the world. It is all part of the huge problem: to make sure that the tomorrows shall see America's requirements met. Every facade the production of petroleum haa doubled. Science and technical progress have met all demands. Ftorelgn Investment and development ara in the nature of Insurance for the fatare. In the days of Draw* and .he Industry** beginnings petroleum's value lay 4a lubricants and ken**ene. The. age uf uiuchiaory wbh only with it? insatiate deruund cants, while kerosene, though illuinlnant ever known, was ouh because poor refining left gasoline that was liable to explode. It is dificult nowadays, when the world it ba*' lug combed for more petroleum to make more gasoline, to realize that gasoline was once a 'nuisance and a menace. The Internal combustion engine created the demand for gasoline, now the primary product of petroleum. The demands of millions of motor cars increasing constantly, invention and chemistry were set at work by the captains of the industry to make the barrel of petroleum turn out a larger and larger proportion of gasoline. This was done by the cracking process, through which every year now sees a larger proportion of crude oil turned into gusoline. HIqH and prowlng Demands Tdday well-nigh* 2,500.000 barrels of petroleum are required every day to satisfy the demand for motor cars, tractors, trucks, buses, artificial gas plants and the innumerable by-products. Invention is constantly finding new uses, as enterprise Just us constantly finds new supplies of petro leum. The wonderful and rather mysterious tlnid has revolutionized social habits and industrial methods; yet it is onfv two-thirds of a century since the industry hud its feeble beginning in the Pennsylvania oil country. This year the country will use about 750.000,000 barrel* of petrolourn. The country will use 700.000,000 gallons of gasolino and will export 1,900,000 more. The production, processing and marketing of petroleum Is probably* second only to agriculture among American Industries. Roundly, 70 per cent of the world's ; petroleum Industry Is American. Ten billions of capital Is Invested in ithalf the valuation of the nutionul rail road system. It employs Just about 1,000,000 people. The petroleum pipe i line system, gridironlug a good share I of the country, aggregates about 85, 000 miles. Petroleum revolutionized naval warfare by bringing In the oil burning ship; it is fast revolutionizing merchant marines In the same fash I ion. Multiplication of motor cars, along with the special taxation ol their gasoline, has made possible the modern highway system. A True Social Service Perhaps the most nearly revolution ary result of Drake's modernization ol the petroleum industry Is to be found in the change It has bfought in the life of rurAI America. It has carrlod tho city to the country, the country to the city. It has, by making possi hie tho cheap and quick transports tlon that everybody nowadays en Joys, enabled country and city tc know and understand each other a* they never did before. It has brought social and educational privileges tc country dwellers that a few decade: ago seemed absolutely denied tc them. On the one hand it has en 1 abled the cities fo spread out into sub 1 urban areas and tho zone of country estates; on tho other, it has enabled | the people of the open country to have I neighbors, society, church and schoo' privileges, Intimate acquaintance. | Tt la a historic fact that Ihe tendon l oy toward division of interest and un i derstanrilng between city and country i is the.most serious intornat menace tc the security of nations, to the lntegrl ; tv of society. [ More than anything else, eouiury and city need to know and understaiu each other and each other's prob lenis The easy transportation, th< ready opportunity for Association ant acquaintance that have come wltl the Ago of Petroleum have made pop slble, in this favored country at least exactly this new 'irtlinaov and under standing. wm SELECT BREEDING STOCK FOR 1927 Karly full la nniu' (90 parly for pctjl* try keepers to muk? plena'for the lirjij hiTtriilng Block. naya Corn L'uoiifc. po ultr> xpeclnlUt with tlit* department of agriculture, University ot Minnesota. a Wisconsin authority Iuih sAid dial iho selection of breeders houM Infill Hh 1,4X11) i>M iho chicks are Initialed. AIImh Cooke Hityw die following re* quiroiiicntM should ho kept In mind when breeders are being selected; 1, "f ii t?ure breeds 2, high vitality; ?, high producing ability iih Hliowfi by records or examination; I, light slzand type; 5, conforming um nearly u* possible to the proper breed and va: rlety characteristics. ' hiiher Information, such iih may he obtained by I rap-nest Ihk and pedigree, Ih very valuable," any* the apeciullst. "Absolute knowledge iih to bow many eggs a hen has laid in her pullet year, how many times she has been broody, and what kind of eggs she lays is u distinct help In seleetlon. Mat when trap-nesting is not practicable, ordinary examination will ' achieve rest11tH, though In a somewhat i BtJUuller degree. w*"After selecting die breeders it Is I Important. to keep them in the hest j physical condition tor breeding. This caljs for comfortable quarters \ylth j Plenty of rpom, fresh air and sun I Hliluc*. The birds should have an or- j Unary laying radon which will keep! dieni in good llesli without their getdug too fat." < - i Bird Tick Very Serious Menace to Turkey Grower j Ot \\. A, Millings bf the agricul I rural extension service, University of : Minnesota, warns turkey growers t?> ' be on tile lookout for th? bird tick which has made Its debut In Atkin county, its tii?t appearance in Minnesota. Tills tick Should not be confused with the common Minnesota wood tick or the fowl tick of the Southern states. It has the same general appearance, but is ? distinct species. "The ticks are seen most around the eyes and necks of the young turkeys," says I>octor Millings. "They I are very destructive and; In one outbreak killed 40 out >f poults. There Is no successful treatment. The only ] thing that can be done is to go over j the birds olice or twice a week bv ! hand and plek off the ticks. It is possible these parasites were! introduced into Minnesota from wild fowl or through the Interchange of j breeding stock from other states. Tile | tick appeared in Vermont in 1{K)0." I / j Teach Chicks to Roost j as Early as Possible! As soon as possible chicks should! he taught to roost. After they roost! the dangers of crowding up piling In j the corners Is eliminated and a great problem of the poultry keeper is near ing solution. At the earliest opportunity roosts should he Installed n foot or eighteen inches above th?> floor along the hack of the house so as to encourage roosting, one should caretully observe tlie chicks .:n(j always) provide an abundance of roosting space. The brooder hoii-c should he supplied with fresh air so as to afford' comfort to the chirks. This discour ' ages their, roosting in t--. es. a good rule is to get the chit ks .>u the roost at the curliest age possible. Discrimination Against Eggs in ColcbStorage An Interesting argument has been going on recently over Tito question. "When Is an Kgg Fresh V Undue did crlminatlou against egg- that huv< been kept in cold storage lias aroused butler and egg dealers to rm effort to change the public at model' One suggestion |s that storage eggs should be I libeled "Kept Fresh in Cold Stor age." It is pointed out that eggs w lileh are placed In cold storage arf ??f the finest quality, being produced In the spring, and may actually hi belter after several months of keep ing I ban others which are fresh In the present use of that term. Roosts for Turkeys A gieat ninny of the turkey growers "build the roosts about 10 or 12 feet high for the large turkeys and about ? 4?r ?(? feet Idgli for the young ones; around these roosts Is built n 0-foot' fence with a large gate. When the turkey- get their feed and drink on re turn front the fields they are driven Into this enclosure and the gate shut; In this way dogs, coyotes and otber animals are kept away and the turkeys are amply protected against thieves. Spray for Mites Mites live In the house, laying low ' In the daytime, and swarming ovei , the heus at night, sucking their blood ' and poisoning their sleep with evit'f dreams. The best way to put a crimp I n their game Is, first. t6 scrub thn bouse out thoroughly with strong soap ' suds, then spray the waits, roosts and | everything else in the house, with a' ft per cent solution of some good coal ! tar disinfectant. Repeat the spraying In three or fonr days and keep the1 house clean. ? riBHUHHAMMi KIU/Kl) IN PWTOL 1>UBL Kd^field Man Hhot by Joe Gardner? Slayer Surrnkkra to Sheriff , im in wjifL" Edgefield, Jan. 3.?George B. Mealing, 22 ye are of age, wae shot end killed in a pistol duel with Joe Gardener, 66, about noon today, 14 miles south Of Edgefield. Following the shooting Gardgrver surrendered to the sheriff of Edgefield county, I According to accounts of the affair, Gardener and a negro were standing near a mail box on the public road south of Edgefield when Mealing started by in a truck. Gardener, with a pistol in his hand, it is said, called to Mealing to stop.'9 With that Mealing is said to have dared Gar^andr to raise hie hand. The shooting began. The only eyewitness to testify at the coroner's inquest today declared I that Mealing fired first. Gardener, i he said, fired twice, one shot taking effect in Meallng's upper chest, just i below the neck. According to the witness, Mealing said, "You needn't fire any more, you've already killed me." Mealing then turned his truck, drove ubout 26 yards, stopped the vehicle and fell back in the seat, dead. His pistol was found by his side. Exactly what led immediately up to the shooting is not known though Mealing was said to have had some' words with a son of Gardener sev-j oral days ago. Both men have a wide family con- J nection in this section, the mother of | Mealing being a niece of the late1 Senator Tillman. Gardener is a mar-.! ried man with several children. It is presumed that he will apply for bail i within the next few days. Injuries Fatal To Lad Columbia, Jan. 6.?Frank D. Mower, Jr., eight-year-old son of Dr. Frank D. Mower,, a prominent physician of Newberry, and Mrs. Mower, died at the Columbia hospital early last night only a few minutes after jie was rushed to the institution from Newberry. The lad was fatally injured when a motor-driven street sprinkler passed over his, chest and caused internal injuries, as he was at play near his home late yesterday afternoon. It appears from witnesses that the youth was riding a twofwheel scooter and, catching up with the sprinkler, decided to ride it and while doing so the rear wheel caught the scooter, throwing him off and under the wheel which passed completely Over his body. f" The body of Miss Ruby Minshew, 19, Winthrop student, of Dillon, was interred at Dillon on Sunday afternoon. The young woman lost her life in an automobile accident near Rich Square, N. C., Saturday afternoon. NAVAL 8TORB8 NAN DBA!) Jtj J. K. Varw, Jr., Wu Considered One of Sooth's Wealthiest Men [ . ' ".A Way cross, G?., Jon. 5.?J. K. Varne, Jr., 48, prominent naval stores man, reputifed to be ope of tlw wealth lest men in South Georgia, died here yesterday morning and was buried in Waycross, yesterday afternoon. Mr. Varne recently- contracted pneumonia while on a tour of turpentine property in South Carolina. He was brought back to his home in Waynesboro, near here, and .was later brought to a hospital in Waycross, where he died. I The extent of Mr. Varne's wealth is not known, but recently with his brother, C. W. Varne, of Valdosta, he purchased the R. T. Wilson place vat Bluffton, 8. C., a tract of 25,000 acres for 8125,000. The terms of the purchase were cash. Varne's property holdings extended throughout three states, South Caro~ lina, Florida and Georgia. Recently a tract of 186,000 acres in Florida was sold to a chemical concern, .the pulpwood on the property to be use<| for paper making. Mr. Varne led an adventurous career. With his brother, he operated a business in Mexico and at one time drew the displeasure of Villa, then that country's director. For this he and his brother were forced to leave the country. Flaying Cowboy; Shoots Tiny Brother Greenwood, Jan. 10.?Playing cowboy, Roy, four-year-old son of Mr. and Mrs'. Andrew Stockman, shot and seriously wounded A. C., his 16months-old brother, with a pistol at the home of his parents in the county yesterday afternoon. The bullet entered the head just above the right temple and made a glancing wound, coming out two inches above, barely missing the brain. The baby was brought to a hospital here and his condition today was reported to be satisfactory. Roy, dressed in an Indian suit, which his grandmother had given him as a Christmas present, thought he was wearing the uniform of a cowboy, a role that he had often played. He went to a room adjoining one in which his parent^ and relatives were sitting, pushed a chair into jk closet and climbed to a shelf from which he took his father's pistol. While playing with it, he pulled the trigger and the weapon fired the bullet, strik* ing the baby brother, who was toddling about the floor only a few feet away. Dr. Davidson McDowell Douglas, former - president of the Presbyterian college at Clinton, assumed the presidency of the South Carolina university, Columbia? on Wednesday notice op State of Sooth Carolina, W County of Konlunr, 1 of Bothuikv. ^ I ""0? &1 . *_4"MJority 9i the re* Id en i fJ2B of the Town of Bethune, Sou?B Una, and heretofore present?A: : Town Council B said Town, andtopttant to 9 tions adopted by the Town fiLB the said Town; upon fning ofTBtpetition, an election will Uuft The Bank of Bethune, in tfiS Town of Bethune, South CinSf1' the 8th day of February imH the purpose of submitting (0 FM iried registered elector# of SB Town the question whether 0rB shall pnter into an agrceaiB Carolina Power * Light c^JJi ; North Carolina corporation 3 successors and assigns, to LTB the sum of One Thousand fSt'l dred Dollars ($1,200.00) anniM a period not to exceed ten (M*iu consideration of the extwafl" its transmission line to saidB' and supplying service there**.I< standard rates, upon certain Ri conditions and stipulations Mp hi the aforesaid agreement The polls will be opened L.M election at 8 o'clock in thejtJfV and will bo closed at 4 oWjBi afternoon, on the day amMflHs place aforesaid. . ;||The managers of said eleetiB^' P. H. Hester, J. M. McLauifijBf G. E. PARROTT, jfljjB/ Cldl^k* - NOTICE OF OPENING OP dm OF REGISTRATION FOH aB IAL ELECTION. State of* South Carolina, County of Kershaw, Town of Bethune. B Notice is hereby given that aH ial election has been ordered bB Town Council of the Town ofR thuue, South Carolina, to be hefl said Town <on the 8th day of B ary, 1927, to determine whetbeB Town of Bethune shall enter IB contract with Carolina Power *B Company, a North Carolina miB' lion, and its successors and a to pay to it the sum of One ThtR^ Two Hundred "Dollars ($1,200,000 nually, for a period not to TriM (10) years, in consideration of tR tension of its transmission ttB said Town and .supplying R thereover at^its standard ratttR' certain terms, conditions and jB lations set forth in an agreeihcB tween the said Town and tiB Company on file in the officolB Clerk of the said Town? and ttiB books of registration of tb^B Town of Bethune will be osfl The Farmers & Merchants MR 'the"18th" day of January, tfft.B will there remain,,open for AlB of: ten (10) day.s, for the rcgR tion of qualified electors, and tB persons qualified to register IB male application to J. 1). Lafl Supervisor of Registration ofB Town of Bethune,' at the aforB time and place. * .nB M. G. KING, fl J. D. LAFITTE, InteB Siipejgisor of Reglstrat&H if AVERY Staytite HARROW ]\| I 11 I Triangle Teeth Stay Tight H I -an AVERY Plus Feature II Most every farmer knows what it means to try to work with a drag harrow I I that has missing teeth, loose teeth, wobbly teeth, teeth that have to be : I tightened all the time. In fact, many farmers think that fatlifig teeth Is a II chronic disease of drag harrows?that they have to be that I But men who use the Avery Staytite Harrow know different. For in this I harrow there is an Avery "plus" feature?a very important improvements ^ H | It is Triangle Teeth that can't come oaf . These special teeth are fastened I in a different way. There are no bolts or nuts. Yet, regardless of jerking or I jolting or pulling, these Avery Triangfo Teeth stay tight. 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