The Camden chronicle. (Camden, S.C.) 1888-1981, January 14, 1927, Image 6
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Washington's Early Adventures
Now Assuming New Significance
MONUMENT
OVC?TM?
*WAKf I
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ORAKE t|
Ab ne I
COOKEDf
^H Ib5f> }
it 7<
Dy HENRY BOTSFORD i
f" ? 1FTKU well nigh u century and
I three-quarters u new Interest
i|^T--r pas recently been aroused In
the earliest inilltnry adventures
of George Washington.
"When barely twenty-one years old, in
1T6S, Washington was sent by Governor
Dinwiddle of Virginia into the
#ar northwestern wilderness?that Is,
.northwestern Pennsylvania?to warn
the French that they must cease their
efforts to occupy that region. Recent
traaearehos have given a new hlstori cal
significance to that expedition,
during which Washington, always
reckless of his personal safety, had I
one of his narrow escapes from death j
at the hands of a treacherous Indian !
guide.
The French at that time occupied 1
(Xanadu and claimed the Mississippi
and Ohio Valleys. Though the fringe j
of English speaking colonies along!
the Atlantic contained the chief Euro-]
poan population, France maintained
-sovereignty over most of North America's
area. They wore apparently de-!
*tarmlned to occupy northwestern
Pennsylvania, partly because It was
known even then to ho rich In petroleum.
Region's Wealth Known
Pioneers and missionaries. Kngliah,
French, German and Dutch, had
-all reported to their governments j
that the petroleum was of great potential
value. There Is, however, no
reason to believe that Washington
knew, of Its existence or value until
ihls adventure of 1753. Thou he learn-j
ed that the oil had long been uwd by j
'the Indians and the pioneering whites
for fuel and light, for medicine and in
-making war paint. Washington was
so much Impressed with its possibilities
that ho later became owner of a
large area of oil-bearing lands. Although
the petroleum Industry In ltB
modern form whs then undreamed of, !
Washington was so sure that a fortune
resided in his oil-bearing lands
that in his will he listed ttiem as hts
most valuable holdings. In the prop- j
erty schedule attached to the wtll tie
wrote:
'"this tract was taken up by Gen oral
Lewis and myself on account of
<ho bituminous spring which it contains.
of so Inflammable a nature as,
to burn as freely as spirits and as I
uonrly difficult to extinguish."
The Will of Washington
Home historians declare that in an
earlier will Washington dedicated this
"burning spring" to the public. At1
any rate, it had passed from his ownorahlp
before his death. He sold this
tract for $200,00t>, hut, suspecting It
might revert to hts estate under a
mortgage, he warned hts heirs that
should It do so It would he worth
much more than the $200,000.
Although Washington's llrst knowledge
of petroleum \sns galuod within
a few miles of the place where the
Itrat oil well In the world whs drilled,
that llrst well \fcns not opeood until J
one hundred and six years lator,
1859. In that year Edwin Laurenttno
Drake bored the flrst well, just south
of Tltusville. Pennsylvania, and really
atarted the modern petroleum industry
A Development Wonder
Today the American Industry is the]
major part of the world's oil business.
Americans are directing oil developments
all over the world. It is all
part of the huge problem: to make
sure that the tomorrows shall see
America's requirements met. Every
facade the production of petroleum
haa doubled. Science and technical
progress have met all demands.
Ftorelgn Investment and development
ara in the nature of Insurance for the
fatare.
In the days of Draw* and .he Industry**
beginnings petroleum's value lay
4a lubricants and ken**ene. The. age
uf uiuchiaory wbh only
with it? insatiate deruund
cants, while kerosene, though
illuinlnant ever known, was
ouh because poor refining left gasoline
that was liable to explode. It is dificult
nowadays, when the world it ba*'
lug combed for more petroleum to
make more gasoline, to realize that
gasoline was once a 'nuisance and a
menace. The Internal combustion engine
created the demand for gasoline,
now the primary product of petroleum.
The demands of millions of motor
cars increasing constantly, invention
and chemistry were set at work
by the captains of the industry to
make the barrel of petroleum turn out
a larger and larger proportion of gasoline.
This was done by the cracking
process, through which every year now
sees a larger proportion of crude oil
turned into gusoline.
HIqH and prowlng Demands
Tdday well-nigh* 2,500.000 barrels of
petroleum are required every day to
satisfy the demand for motor cars,
tractors, trucks, buses, artificial gas
plants and the innumerable by-products.
Invention is constantly finding
new uses, as enterprise Just us constantly
finds new supplies of petro
leum. The wonderful and rather mysterious
tlnid has revolutionized social
habits and industrial methods; yet it
is onfv two-thirds of a century since
the industry hud its feeble beginning
in the Pennsylvania oil country.
This year the country will use about
750.000,000 barrel* of petrolourn. The
country will use 700.000,000 gallons of
gasolino and will export 1,900,000
more. The production, processing and
marketing of petroleum Is probably*
second only to agriculture among
American Industries.
Roundly, 70 per cent of the world's
; petroleum Industry Is American. Ten
billions of capital Is Invested in ithalf
the valuation of the nutionul rail
road system. It employs Just about
1,000,000 people. The petroleum pipe
i line system, gridironlug a good share
I of the country, aggregates about 85,
000 miles. Petroleum revolutionized
naval warfare by bringing In the oil
burning ship; it is fast revolutionizing
merchant marines In the same fash
I ion. Multiplication of motor cars,
along with the special taxation ol
their gasoline, has made possible the
modern highway system.
A True Social Service
Perhaps the most nearly revolution
ary result of Drake's modernization ol
the petroleum industry Is to be found
in the change It has bfought in the
life of rurAI America. It has carrlod
tho city to the country, the country
to the city. It has, by making possi
hie tho cheap and quick transports
tlon that everybody nowadays en
Joys, enabled country and city tc
know and understand each other a*
they never did before. It has brought
social and educational privileges tc
country dwellers that a few decade:
ago seemed absolutely denied tc
them. On the one hand it has en
1 abled the cities fo spread out into sub
1 urban areas and tho zone of country
estates; on tho other, it has enabled
| the people of the open country to have
I neighbors, society, church and schoo'
privileges, Intimate acquaintance.
| Tt la a historic fact that Ihe tendon
l oy toward division of interest and un
i derstanrilng between city and country
i is the.most serious intornat menace tc
the security of nations, to the lntegrl
; tv of society.
[ More than anything else, eouiury
and city need to know and understaiu
each other and each other's prob
lenis The easy transportation, th<
ready opportunity for Association ant
acquaintance that have come wltl
the Ago of Petroleum have made pop
slble, in this favored country at least
exactly this new 'irtlinaov and under
standing.
wm
SELECT BREEDING
STOCK FOR 1927
Karly full la nniu' (90 parly for pctjl*
try keepers to muk? plena'for the
lirjij hiTtriilng Block. naya Corn L'uoiifc.
po ultr> xpeclnlUt with tlit* department
of agriculture, University ot
Minnesota. a Wisconsin authority
Iuih sAid dial iho selection of breeders
houM Infill Hh 1,4X11) i>M iho chicks
are Initialed.
AIImh Cooke Hityw die following re*
quiroiiicntM should ho kept In mind
when breeders are being selected; 1,
"f ii t?ure breeds 2, high vitality; ?,
high producing ability iih Hliowfi by
records or examination; I, light slzand
type; 5, conforming um nearly u*
possible to the proper breed and va:
rlety characteristics.
' hiiher Information, such iih may
he obtained by I rap-nest Ihk and pedigree,
Ih very valuable," any* the apeciullst.
"Absolute knowledge iih to
bow many eggs a hen has laid in her
pullet year, how many times she has
been broody, and what kind of eggs
she lays is u distinct help In seleetlon.
Mat when trap-nesting is not
practicable, ordinary examination will '
achieve rest11tH, though In a somewhat i
BtJUuller degree.
w*"After selecting die breeders it Is I
Important. to keep them in the hest j
physical condition tor breeding. This
caljs for comfortable quarters \ylth j
Plenty of rpom, fresh air and sun I
Hliluc*. The birds should have an or- j
Unary laying radon which will keep!
dieni in good llesli without their getdug
too fat." <
- i
Bird Tick Very Serious
Menace to Turkey Grower j
Ot \\. A, Millings bf the agricul I
rural extension service, University of :
Minnesota, warns turkey growers t?> '
be on tile lookout for th? bird tick
which has made Its debut In Atkin
county, its tii?t appearance in Minnesota.
Tills tick Should not be confused
with the common Minnesota
wood tick or the fowl tick of the
Southern states. It has the same general
appearance, but is ? distinct
species.
"The ticks are seen most around
the eyes and necks of the young turkeys,"
says I>octor Millings. "They I
are very destructive and; In one outbreak
killed 40 out >f poults. There
Is no successful treatment. The only ]
thing that can be done is to go over j
the birds olice or twice a week bv !
hand and plek off the ticks.
It is possible these parasites were!
introduced into Minnesota from wild
fowl or through the Interchange of j
breeding stock from other states. Tile |
tick appeared in Vermont in 1{K)0." I
/ j
Teach Chicks to Roost j
as Early as Possible!
As soon as possible chicks should!
he taught to roost. After they roost!
the dangers of crowding up piling In j
the corners Is eliminated and a great
problem of the poultry keeper is near
ing solution. At the earliest opportunity
roosts should he Installed n
foot or eighteen inches above th?> floor
along the hack of the house so as to
encourage roosting, one should caretully
observe tlie chicks .:n(j always)
provide an abundance of roosting
space. The brooder hoii-c should he
supplied with fresh air so as to afford'
comfort to the chirks. This discour '
ages their, roosting in t--. es. a good
rule is to get the chit ks .>u the roost
at the curliest age possible.
Discrimination Against
Eggs in ColcbStorage
An Interesting argument has been
going on recently over Tito question.
"When Is an Kgg Fresh V Undue did
crlminatlou against egg- that huv<
been kept in cold storage lias aroused
butler and egg dealers to rm effort
to change the public at model' One
suggestion |s that storage eggs should
be I libeled "Kept Fresh in Cold Stor
age." It is pointed out that eggs
w lileh are placed In cold storage arf
??f the finest quality, being produced
In the spring, and may actually hi
belter after several months of keep
ing I ban others which are fresh In the
present use of that term.
Roosts for Turkeys
A gieat ninny of the turkey growers
"build the roosts about 10 or 12 feet
high for the large turkeys and about
? 4?r ?(? feet Idgli for the young ones;
around these roosts Is built n 0-foot'
fence with a large gate. When the
turkey- get their feed and drink on re
turn front the fields they are driven
Into this enclosure and the gate shut;
In this way dogs, coyotes and otber
animals are kept away and the turkeys
are amply protected against
thieves.
Spray for Mites
Mites live In the house, laying low '
In the daytime, and swarming ovei ,
the heus at night, sucking their blood '
and poisoning their sleep with evit'f
dreams. The best way to put a crimp I
n their game Is, first. t6 scrub thn
bouse out thoroughly with strong soap '
suds, then spray the waits, roosts and |
everything else in the house, with a'
ft per cent solution of some good coal !
tar disinfectant. Repeat the spraying
In three or fonr days and keep the1
house clean. ?
riBHUHHAMMi
KIU/Kl) IN PWTOL 1>UBL
Kd^field Man Hhot by Joe Gardner?
Slayer Surrnkkra to Sheriff
, im in wjifL"
Edgefield, Jan. 3.?George B. Mealing,
22 ye are of age, wae shot end
killed in a pistol duel with Joe Gardener,
66, about noon today, 14 miles
south Of Edgefield. Following the
shooting Gardgrver surrendered to the
sheriff of Edgefield county,
I According to accounts of the affair,
Gardener and a negro were standing
near a mail box on the public road
south of Edgefield when Mealing
started by in a truck. Gardener, with
a pistol in his hand, it is said, called
to Mealing to stop.'9 With that Mealing
is said to have dared Gar^andr
to raise hie hand. The shooting began.
The only eyewitness to testify at
the coroner's inquest today declared
I that Mealing fired first. Gardener,
i he said, fired twice, one shot taking
effect in Meallng's upper chest, just
i below the neck. According to the
witness, Mealing said, "You needn't
fire any more, you've already killed
me." Mealing then turned his truck,
drove ubout 26 yards, stopped the
vehicle and fell back in the seat,
dead. His pistol was found by his
side.
Exactly what led immediately up
to the shooting is not known though
Mealing was said to have had some'
words with a son of Gardener sev-j
oral days ago.
Both men have a wide family con- J
nection in this section, the mother of |
Mealing being a niece of the late1
Senator Tillman. Gardener is a mar-.!
ried man with several children. It is
presumed that he will apply for bail i
within the next few days.
Injuries Fatal To Lad
Columbia, Jan. 6.?Frank D. Mower,
Jr., eight-year-old son of Dr.
Frank D. Mower,, a prominent physician
of Newberry, and Mrs. Mower,
died at the Columbia hospital early
last night only a few minutes after
jie was rushed to the institution from
Newberry. The lad was fatally injured
when a motor-driven street
sprinkler passed over his, chest and
caused internal injuries, as he was
at play near his home late yesterday
afternoon. It appears from witnesses
that the youth was riding a twofwheel
scooter and, catching up with
the sprinkler, decided to ride it and
while doing so the rear wheel caught
the scooter, throwing him off and
under the wheel which passed completely
Over his body.
f" The body of Miss Ruby Minshew,
19, Winthrop student, of Dillon, was
interred at Dillon on Sunday afternoon.
The young woman lost her life
in an automobile accident near Rich
Square, N. C., Saturday afternoon.
NAVAL 8TORB8 NAN DBA!)
Jtj
J. K. Varw, Jr., Wu Considered One
of Sooth's Wealthiest Men
[ . ' ".A
Way cross, G?., Jon. 5.?J. K.
Varne, Jr., 48, prominent naval stores
man, reputifed to be ope of tlw wealth
lest men in South Georgia, died here
yesterday morning and was buried in
Waycross, yesterday afternoon.
Mr. Varne recently- contracted
pneumonia while on a tour of turpentine
property in South Carolina. He
was brought back to his home in
Waynesboro, near here, and .was later
brought to a hospital in Waycross,
where he died.
I The extent of Mr. Varne's wealth
is not known, but recently with his
brother, C. W. Varne, of Valdosta, he
purchased the R. T. Wilson place vat
Bluffton, 8. C., a tract of 25,000
acres for 8125,000. The terms of the
purchase were cash.
Varne's property holdings extended
throughout three states, South Caro~
lina, Florida and Georgia. Recently
a tract of 186,000 acres in Florida
was sold to a chemical concern, .the
pulpwood on the property to be use<|
for paper making.
Mr. Varne led an adventurous
career. With his brother, he operated
a business in Mexico and at one time
drew the displeasure of Villa, then
that country's director. For this he
and his brother were forced to leave
the country.
Flaying Cowboy; Shoots Tiny Brother
Greenwood, Jan. 10.?Playing cowboy,
Roy, four-year-old son of Mr.
and Mrs'. Andrew Stockman, shot and
seriously wounded A. C., his 16months-old
brother, with a pistol at
the home of his parents in the county
yesterday afternoon. The bullet entered
the head just above the right
temple and made a glancing wound,
coming out two inches above, barely
missing the brain. The baby was
brought to a hospital here and his
condition today was reported to be
satisfactory.
Roy, dressed in an Indian suit,
which his grandmother had given him
as a Christmas present, thought he
was wearing the uniform of a cowboy,
a role that he had often played.
He went to a room adjoining one in
which his parent^ and relatives were
sitting, pushed a chair into jk closet
and climbed to a shelf from which
he took his father's pistol. While
playing with it, he pulled the trigger
and the weapon fired the bullet, strik*
ing the baby brother, who was
toddling about the floor only a few
feet away.
Dr. Davidson McDowell Douglas,
former - president of the Presbyterian
college at Clinton, assumed the presidency
of the South Carolina university,
Columbia? on Wednesday
notice op
State of Sooth Carolina, W
County of Konlunr, 1
of Bothuikv. ^ I
""0? &1
. *_4"MJority 9i the re* Id en i fJ2B
of the Town of Bethune, Sou?B
Una, and heretofore present?A:
: Town Council B
said Town, andtopttant to 9
tions adopted by the Town fiLB
the said Town; upon fning ofTBtpetition,
an election will Uuft
The Bank of Bethune, in tfiS
Town of Bethune, South CinSf1'
the 8th day of February imH
the purpose of submitting (0 FM
iried registered elector# of SB
Town the question whether 0rB
shall pnter into an agrceaiB
Carolina Power * Light c^JJi ;
North Carolina corporation 3
successors and assigns, to LTB
the sum of One Thousand fSt'l
dred Dollars ($1,200.00) anniM
a period not to exceed ten (M*iu
consideration of the extwafl"
its transmission line to saidB'
and supplying service there**.I<
standard rates, upon certain Ri
conditions and stipulations Mp
hi the aforesaid agreement
The polls will be opened L.M
election at 8 o'clock in thejtJfV
and will bo closed at 4 oWjBi
afternoon, on the day amMflHs
place aforesaid. . ;||The
managers of said eleetiB^'
P. H. Hester, J. M. McLauifijBf
G. E. PARROTT, jfljjB/
Cldl^k* -
NOTICE OF OPENING OP dm
OF REGISTRATION FOH aB
IAL ELECTION.
State of* South Carolina,
County of Kershaw,
Town of Bethune. B
Notice is hereby given that aH
ial election has been ordered bB
Town Council of the Town ofR
thuue, South Carolina, to be hefl
said Town <on the 8th day of B
ary, 1927, to determine whetbeB
Town of Bethune shall enter IB
contract with Carolina Power *B
Company, a North Carolina miB'
lion, and its successors and a
to pay to it the sum of One ThtR^
Two Hundred "Dollars ($1,200,000
nually, for a period not to TriM
(10) years, in consideration of tR
tension of its transmission ttB
said Town and .supplying R
thereover at^its standard ratttR'
certain terms, conditions and jB
lations set forth in an agreeihcB
tween the said Town and tiB
Company on file in the officolB
Clerk of the said Town? and ttiB
books of registration of tb^B
Town of Bethune will be osfl
The Farmers & Merchants MR
'the"18th" day of January, tfft.B
will there remain,,open for AlB
of: ten (10) day.s, for the rcgR
tion of qualified electors, and tB
persons qualified to register IB
male application to J. 1). Lafl
Supervisor of Registration ofB
Town of Bethune,' at the aforB
time and place. * .nB
M. G. KING, fl
J. D. LAFITTE, InteB
Siipejgisor of Reglstrat&H
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SI CAMDEN, S. C. IM