University of South Carolina Libraries
llronitli tnr Columns. MM M M ' '1 Toor A#.,* This - ,> , E?ery Corner of fhe Town and Country fl I I A ~ ! B I ^ ^ . . I Will Bring Business to Yon thatolU^^^ -? VI wraiu Vlnmntrir _z % . Volume 20 CHERAW, CHESTERFIELD CjOUNTY, S. C., SEPTEMBER 28, 1916 Number 48 Old Submarine Saved From S and Will 1 Fel>] WILLIAM BOURNE FIRST HyU TO ATTEMPT SUBMARINE lu8 T ? staii Other Inventors Fulled Until Anieri-! j^1 can M ar Times When Confederates i * Had First Usable Underwater Craft. New York, Sept. 23.?The first sue- si cessful submarine, triumph of Ameri- rine can genius, is not to go on tne scrap into; heap. With a guard of honor fur- ndin nished by the government, the Hoi- as t land No. 9 will be taken through the t'lp streets of Philadelphia early next or t month, loaded in gondola cars in sec- lim" tions and brought to New York, where "nt< it wil be adequately housed and as- a fico sured of care for ever. Through the public spirit of two New 1 York men, the clumsy-looking, but epoch-making little craft, has been ^ purchased for all Americans to see. ~ ' It now rests on blocks before the Commercial Museum in Philadelphia. two Those having the matter in charge ^ will start immediately the deliate task of cutting her into three setlons, j for purposes of shipment. These will be carefully joined together on arrival j j in New York City. ,u For -one year the public will be able to view the boat in the Bronx ^utti International Expositor, here and riuia then it will be moved to a low public ject museum which is being planued by ueaC several prominent men here to house menl relics showing the developments of unit? remarkable human achievements in uava v"^ e*P?aMon .the Holland will ^at k? the 01 a collection" illustrat- the^ c ^ if the telephone, phonograph, motion ^jj* picture machine, aeroplane and other f - , _ ... cause American inventions The exposition leutu will open May 30 next subst In 160.4, William Bourne of England (1 constructed a submarine. It submerge<l, ami that is all that could be said (.aUs( of it. In 1TTT Rrof.Bushnell, a Con- m>r necticutt man. invented a submarine amj which was turmed the American Tur- ul tie. It was like a large clamshell in statt the center of which a man sat, pro- state pelling the device forward by leg pow- jiWi|, er and then when it had reached an was enemy ship, boring into its sidewith mooi anauger projecting tVoin the front, tenti This was before the day of ironeads whie or submegibe exposives. navy Next in the history of the subma- Th rine conies the efforts of Robert Fu- a shi ton, the inventor of the steamboat, nnd Even before Futon had sent his first know ship the Caremont.up the Hudson to ll,vli convince the Emperor Napoeon that neWs! he coudassi sthimsef in the conquest v'evv of Engand by the use of submarines. In 1 Ti?7 Robert Futon constructed Mr fort he French emperor a submarine- deatl boat which succeeded in staying un- a sti der water four hours and 2o minutes, whie and. placing a torpedo under a hulk Iniat arranged for the purpose, blew it to tail, smithereens. As a reward for this, Ante; Fulton was considered to be a little their bit crazy and was allowed to return W to America construct steamboats on takei the Hudson. alH* The history of the submarine then took a long lapse. It was not until ll,,st1 18.10 that a Bavarian by the name of N,('r-V Bauer built a submarine in which the method of control was by shifting j "?u? weight forward and after to dive and ',a*e aris'e' This boat collapsed in the i . , pnbli harbor of Kiel on one ot its ^ j trips, and remained partly bur' ! in ^ j, the mud until 18S7. when it was lo- . uown cated during the deepening c* Kiel v,,stj harbor, and taken ta "erlin. whore j,( yy it is now in the .Museum of Ocean- |i(l ogiphy. I i?t*riii It was not m*:l tho V'a?* Between f,,re the States forced the Confederates to \((- j attempt some way to escape the!|M?ugl blockade around the Southern ports'-i na that mbmarines wove i.-ain heard of. sh The lirst of ta?s> was the .Munky. in ] ; a cylindrical-shap? raft abo.it vb 10 ii feet lour, ard s:\ :>*i in diameter, j inelu with bow and st u. shaped to form a j place stem mid st Ta post resp? cfvelv. I Water ballast compn.tiucnts wcio lo- ?<|, fated at each end of the vessel. She p,so| was propelled by hand power, eight whet men turning crank.- >v'iich operuM fleet properkv shai . icouh This boat was sent out of New Or- engh leans in an endeavor to run the the 1 blockade, but lacked longitudinal sta- abou bility, and during her experimental j uioto trials dove headloic' t< the bottom.'one I She was located and recovered each math tiiue, but too late to saw the crew. Iu | Whit this way the designer and Ifcl other Af men met death. towei Hunley a Boomerang. fn.m The Htutley was finally fitted with ami ] Holland Icrap Heap ie Exhibited i i tonry 17, 1.SG4, Lieut. Dickson sliced in approaching the U. S. S. .safonic and sunk her by exploda torpedo under her bottom, bis probably was the first inee of a battleship being sunk by a narlue, but the wave thrown up the explosion swamped the Huuand again she was sunk with all crew. lortly after this another submawas built by the Confederates, its , ntions being to destroy the bloekig northern ships. This was known he New Orleans Submarine. When vessel was completed the design hought it would be a fiine perforce to have the vessel plunge under ?r as she left the ways and make lort trip l>efore coming to the sur. Accordingly, he instructed two ds most intelligent slaves how to ate the vessel when submurged, sent them on their way. About ,rears later when the Missippl being dredged at New Orleans boat, with the skeletons of the negroes, was found buried in the Holland Appears. was about this time that John P. and came upon the scene. Holwas born in Liscannor, Ireland, 15*44. He came to the United ?s before the Civil War and the e between the Monitor and Merc set him to thinking on the subof submarines. In 1875, after ly 15 years of study and experihe submitted his plans to the ed States navy department. The 1 engiueers who -examined them 1 uunced them to he practical in r way, but gave it as their opinion men could not he found to risk 1 lives in the experiment. ' >n after this he built the Holland ?pth. Holland made experiments this boat, but engine trouble ' Hi him to abandon it as a petroproj>elled craft, and steam was 1 :ituted. The old shell now lies >e bottom of the Passaic river. >1 land's second !>oat probably hI more comment than any craft constructed in the United States, ilmnu lor] fn sprimis iutemfltion ouiplicaions between the United ' ;s and jiv.it Britain Hollnuii. as d in tlis foregoing, was an Irishand the story got about that he 1 not conducting his experiments 1 ly as a scienist Init that his in011 was to construct vessels with 1 h he could destroy the Br.'Vn 1 < e second boat was being built at 1 p yard located at West 13th street A the North river. New York city ( a as Delamater's, and it was ' ? one day that a reiiorter for a l>ai>er came seeking an inter- ' with the inventor. "The Fenian Kam." . Holland said just before his j i that la? never saw this man, luit , ?ry was written and publislied in ( h the reporter christened the ^ the Fenian Uaui, and told in <le- 3 of how the Fenian Societies of riea wcr.. building this bout for , distressed lirothers in IrelaiuL lien eoiupletcd, the boat was to be i surreptitiously to the Irish coast from there was to prey upon and ov th;? English navy. In his rem ences Holland states that this ( probably attracted more attent<? his e\i?eiriiuents than any sc?Iy scientific article ever would done, and yet it caused him an 1 amount of annoyance, for the city brought alout by this ter. navy-destroying monster rousIngland to action and brought i upon his head a .swanu of inL'ators front the state department 'ashingtoii. Hand continued liis series of exnents. He built eight boats bethe construction of the Holland >, the first suhmarine craft to J>e ^ lit and ofticially eemmissioned by , tloual government, e was built at the Crescent yard ll/.abethport. X. J., She Ls 53 feet itches long, diameter 10 feet 3 ^ s, and has a submerged dis inent of To tolls. 'ropelletf by (Twoline Engine. <? ivii< iiri?m?l 1?w 1 <111 Kiirfnna l?v it line eugine of 50 horsepower, and ; i submerged, by a 50 horse i>ower ric motor. On the surface she 1 make six knots under gasoline ] it\ and ahovit eight knots under ] notor. Submerged she could make ? t tive and a half knots under the >r. Her armament consisted of i how torjHjdo tube, one bow pueu- ; projection gun, and three short eliead torpedoes. ter she was launched, she was 1 to Perth MmN>y and It was there she sailed her first dive, proved to the jmbtic that ?he ?was ? r f ? r, CARRANZA NEARING THE END P< a IS BELDEV IN ARMY QUARTERS ie u >r Lansing and BaksT Center on MexiI can Situation?Seott Has Conte fldenee in GenAal Bell's M ?; v Washington, Sept. 23.?Secretary of se ln State Lansing and Secretary of War th Baker conferred to day on the Mexi- M can situation. Tiey considered par- en In ticularly the new*,conditions created itsP* hy the military reVhral of Francisco ev V Villa. - th c" | Both Mr. Lansing and Mr. Baker de- ar e* dined to state whether they reached pi 1 any conclusions or whether the poll- bo t( cies of this government would be M v* | changed by appearance of the new G< m peril on the American border and to Y< Carranza's regime by Villa's opera- el< >y tions as reported by Brig- Gen. George br e- Bell. Jr., at "El Paso. Maj.-Gen. Scott, Ct n chief of staff of the army, however- us was frank in discussing General Bell's tk ' report. He differed decidedly from ct I Secretary Baker, who had ' intimated m< u reality; a terrible weftpon of wa uud not the mere senseless coucoctio of a dreamer. The story of the first dive of tl Holland No. 9 as told by the inventc himself, is: "On March 17, 1S98, we left tl pier for onr initial dive. It was abot o'clock when we started. The fib was overcast and a few drops of ral pattered upon the water. But jui before we got under way a stror wind scattered the clouds and the sn came out strong. Also, a rainbow a; l>eared. This was pointed out 1 many as .a good omen for the su cess of the test about to be taken. R gnrding our feelings at the time, will say that I myse'f fe't conflden having designed the boon'. My cre\ while they trusted me to see the through, were more or less shaky, must be also borne in mind that tin had never been under wat:r btfor They wene brave, courageous me risking their lives to help me piove 1 the world the value of my invention. No. 9 Starts. "At the signal from Mr. Morris, tl company's engineer, we started oi motor, cast off and glided away froi our mooring place. "We were riding so low in the wnt< that the bases of the masts were was! ed by occasional syells mounting ov< the sui>erstructure. This was ai counted for by the fact that we ha aboard about 400 pounds of pig ire as extra ballast. As soon as we a rived on the course marked out f( the drive, I filled the trimming tan! and steered the boat down. Her no? went under all right, but her ster projected out of the water. In a wor< we still lacked enough ballast to ei tirely submerge her. I Immediate] stopi>ed the engine and whistled ft my convoy. She came up at ouee an we proceeded to transfer more pi) .ron into the boat. "Again we tried to dive, and agai we failed. A second time we whistle Jor our convoy and took an additioi ul ballast. This time we succeeded "As soon as I steered her down sh dunged beneath the surface and tb only part visible to the onlookers wa jur flags fluttering from the mast ifter running for about 100 feet sul aerged, I *teer?d her up again an wy SmMm mi nmw :'his was a prat relief to many of m friends, most of whom doubted w .vould ever be able to make the boa ouie to the surface when once w succeeded in getting her under. Only Four Feet Under. "During this dive we never ha nore than four feet of water over ou Jeck, as 1 was not sure of the slm dw spots and did not relish runnin iground and damaging tlie boat. "We now hold a consultation an lecided we had better attempt 11 nore dives owing to the lateness c he hour. "For sometime ?f/er Ibis we cot luiied our dives in the lower bay, bt wentually picked out a more suitabl living course in Peeonie Buy, Lon Island. It was there that the Hollau vent thron&h her best paces and tli ;rew received a thorough training i lie handlinf of the boat. "After about a year of trial dirt toth in Peeonie Bay and later on i Jhesaiieake Bay, she was accepted b Hie navy department. It was just about the time the Ho i 1 1 iron ncrnfllt 1511MI was lil IIUI IH'li mat f>M? uDm*? Spain was declared. Holland offere to take liis lH>at and its crew to Sat tin go and destroy the entire Nj>anL? fleet. When this propon'Co-i ves made I the United States government, tl nuthoritios refused the offer with tl statement that it would he an inht inane form of warfare. It was n< until two years after this war wi over that the government finally pit chased the Holland. Holland Sold for Scrap. After suffering the hardships of ol ige and linancial reverses, Ilollan lied August 12, 1!?14. As time passed, the Holland No. iH'came absolute. The United Stat* navy department holds no particult even though they may represent tl sympathy for inanimate object early achievements of America uenius. So the Holland was sold f* scrap. The tin? making a successful hi for the Holland was the Henry A. Hi iter's Sons Company of Philadelphl They removed the engines and di |)osd of other valuable portions of tl i?hl vessel, and then placed the she nt its present site, in the PliJladelph: Commercial Museum, for exhibit pu poses. Tliero oanip a time when the dire tors of the Museum in-red no loop to rtain the old bout, on the musen: grounds. The Hitner (Company offert the sliell of the Holland for sale i scrap iron. Walter A. Hall, a mei her of the original crew of the Hi land now an electrical engineer ai nuateur aviator, appealed to the pu lie for the preservation of the Ho land. The boat was finally bought 1 m*. I'cter J .Gibbons and his son. An tin Flint Gibbons, of 2fi6 Madisc avenue. Xew York city, who ha1 loaned it for one year to the Broi International exposition, where it cr lie viewed by the millions of Ne Yorkers for the next year. ie broadly yesterday that he did not be- qu Ir lieve Bell's statement of Villa's sue- mi 111 cesses was correct} sa General Ocott declared his belief ?r that "Villa is alive" and "General so k" Bell's report is correct, being corrobo- tic >r rated by other evidence and wit- on nesses." He stated that General Bell tu d bad conversed with persons who are ha 11 regarded as trustworthy, who had lo< r* come from the scene of Villa's activ- be )r ity, and who were witnesses of the no k9 attack upon the City of Chihuahua. ha ,e "There is no reason why I should al 11 doubt the correctness of General pe ' Bell's report," General Scott said. "I M v shall not send any request to him for pr \ vertificatlM. I La\e absolute confl- tli dence in General Bell's word." In There is considerable apprehension ce in administration circles over the in, Mexican situation. Secretary Baker, on 11 however, refused to say if any change hi i had been made in instructions origi- Ei nally furnished Generals Funston and re 'V* i Pershing. hi e Feeling in army quarters Is that eh e Carranza is nearing the end of his ad- YV 18 ministration and! that his only hope xti 9' lies in assistance by the United de ^ Stated.* Asldefrtim Villi tax, it was th * mentis In nr ^ o lnrirp nnml)er olf wealthy exiles who e. desire the overthrow of Carranza. i?e it i e fM EPISCOPAL PRAYER BOOK TO BB sa CHANGED ca d -,r ir New York, eSpt. 23.?A proposal to ca j. omit from the prayer book of the I)r g Protestant Episcopal church prafers ca for Jews, Turks, infidels and heretics SJ' (l will be submitted to the Episcopal ho 0 triennial general convention to be held *u in St. Louis In October. The proposed K" changes are approved by the special k. commission on the revision of the Ai ,t prayer book. te' ie The proposal to eliminate the Jews ,n' ? from Episcopal prayers is based on in d the ground that it is an Insult to class 111 ie them with infidels and heretics. The ill n purpose in striking out the Turks from in the prayers is to avoid confusing with ill ;s Mohammedans. The prayer as pro- w< n posed reads: tn iv "Have mercy upon all who know at the not as revealed iu the gospel of co i. thy son." ve it i ,1 COTTON STANDARDS av j. FIND FAVOR ABROAD tii h ho Grading System Promulgated by Sec- qi 0 retary of Agriculture Now Uesd ev 10 on Rotterdam Exchange. la: ,a Washington,, uSept ?5.?Cotton, wi x. standards promulgated recently by ye it Secretary Houston for American mar- ju ia kets have been adopted to govern rij r. grading on the cotton exchange at Rotterdam, Holland, marking the first la official, recognition of the system Li Id abroad and encouraging agriculture an ,d department officials in their effort for la establishment of a universal standard, ai 9 The action of the Rotterdam ex- a ?s Thompson at The Hague is exi>ected lg ir change, reported to the treasury de- IB le pnrtment by Commercial Attache be S( here to eliminate much of the con- vi [i fusion that has existed in trade he- iu )r tween American shippers and Dutch is buyers and spinners. pr id I>r t. BASEBALL AT CHURCH dc a. bl s. Ebbets and Herzog Speak From Pul- in ie P^- si; >1) New York, Sept. 25.?Charles Ebj<i bets, owner of the Brooklyn baseball co ! . team, and Charles Herzog of the New ai York Nationals talked baseball last th (.. night from the pulpit of a Grace Meth- te _.r od 1st Episcopal church. The theme of th in the services was "Baseball in Its Re e\ .(1 lation to Humanity," and Ebbets and fr is I Herzog were invited to address the W i). congregation. pi ,1- Mr. Ebliets' subject was "Clean cc id Living is Necessary in Baseball." Mr. A p. Herzog made remarks along the same in ,1-; line and ulso prophesied that his club ai )V J would keep up its winning streak. H s-1 tii >n ' Marion, Sept. 24.?A tragic shoot- lo re ing affair occurred in the Marion Cot- in ix ton Mill section this afternoon, when pi in Sam Procter, a young white man, ac- pi w . cidentally shot and killed a 10 year hi I old girl. a< ;rsonaI Equations of the Two Presidential Candidates. | Ugeruon S. Crapsey, in the Rochester Herald.) They are both sons of clergymen? r, Hughes of a Baptist, Mr. Wilson 1 a Presbyterian parson. Their fathers pined to have beeu superior men in eir calling, for both Mr. Hughes and 1 r. Wilson seem to revere their par- 1 tage and have remained faithful to t religious teachings. They are both ' angelical and faithful adherents of e church of their youth. They 1 e college men?the one educated at incetou, the other at Browu. They 1 th entered life through the law?, r. Wilson banging out his shingle in 1 ?orgifl, and Mr. Hughes in New 1 >rk. They both entered politics acleutally?Mr. Wilson because of his 1 eak with the trustees o fPrinceton dlege and Mr. Hughes because of his efulness to the Republican organiza>n. Against neither of them can any 1 large be sustained affecting his aral Integrity. So far as these. 1 lallties are concerned, we could well ike our choice by flipping a penny, ylng: "Wilson, heads; Hughes, tails." MUt HO iwo nuinuu uemp are on much alike that there is no distinc- ! >n between them. When it comes to tlook upon life, the difference be een the men is very clear. As we ve already seen, Mr. Wilson's out>k is that of the humanitarian. He lieves that laws are made for men, t men for laws. Because a thing ,s alweys been is no reason why it ways should be. Justice at one rlod becomes injustice at another. 1 r. Wilson appeals from precedent to 1 inciple. He would adapt the bed to ' e man, and not the man to the bed. 1 this respect he has had no prede- 1 ssor in the Presidency except Washgton and Lincoln, any Washington's itlook was not so much that of a imanitarian as it was that of a lglish freeman. Washington could conci'.e the keeping of slaves with s conscience. He was a man of his iss and thought with his class. Mr. ilson' outlook is wider because he inds upon a higher point of human velopmeut. His sympathies are with e mass of mankind, and his desire to rnnlrn llfn annnrtntiln tp ihnjfl., ion ivhose labor all living depends; Lincoln is the only man who can mmnared with Wilson in humani rlan feeling and outlook. Lincoln \v with the vision of the prophet beuse he dwelt in the solitude of the ophet; he felt for the people bouse he dwelt in the solitude of t*e ophet; he felt for the people beuse he was of the people. His ' mpathies were not with the slavlder, but with theh slave?wonderlly expressed in the second inau>ral. Speaking of American slavery said: "If we shall suppose that 1 nerican slavery is one of these of- 1 noes which in the providence of God list needs come, but which, havg continued through His uppoiuted lie, He now wills t?> remove, aud at He gives to both North and South is terrible war as the woe due to ose by whom the offeuce came, shall i discern therein any departure from ose divine attributes which the beivers in a living God always ascribe Him? Fondly de we hope, ferutiy do we pray, that this mighty ourge of frar may ?si>eedily pass ray. Yet, if God wills that it coume until all the welth be piled by the ndsuien duriug 250 years of unreilred toil shull be sunk, and until ery drop of blood drawn with the sh shall be paid by another drawn 1th the sword, as was said 3,000 ars ago, so still it must be said: 'The dgements of the Lord are true and piteous altogether Mr. Wilsou's attitude toward the boring class of mankind is that of ncoln toward the slave. These men id women are not to him so much bor commodity; they are living souls id their destiny is in the keeping of living God. Their redemption from norance and poverty so as the dererance of Isruel from the house of udage. It is a work calling for dine wisdom and human sacrifice, and * * - nf \fv Wilmm Mis worK me uuuii' vi i'v. ....?-engaged. Like Lincoln, be is a actical statesman and deals with the oblerns in a practical manner. He >es not go as far as some would have m go, but much farther than those terested in present conditions dere. The iniud of Mr. Hughes, on the ntrary is primarily legalistic. His >I>eal is constantly to precedent? ings that are must be. Vested inrests are to be protected because in leui the safety of society is involved, ery problem must be considered om the viewpoint* of established law hether these laws are adapted to eseut conditions or not may not be msldered as long as the law stands, ny radical change of principle which volves a reorganization of society is ltagonstic to the mind of Mr. ugbes. His fight for purity in pollcs did not at all change his way of oking at social conditions. He was i that fight merely a prosecutor "osecuting a thief. His vision did not iss beyond that legal limitation; it irdly could do so. because his char.*ter, his education and his training had all the limitation* of the lawyer. It Is this that makes Mr. Hushes the natural choice of the large capitalists for the office corrupt him, but they no longer desire to use the brutal methods in vogue in the last generation. Bribery has gone out of fashion. What they want now Is men who think as they do and who will do gladly and unscientiously what they want ilone. They feel that they are making no mistake in preferring Mr Hughes to Mr. Wilson. They want the legal mind, not the human mind, to guide Ihe affairs of the country, because their interests are legal and not human. He who votes for Mr. Hughes votes to sustain that conception of government which considers it the instrument of a ruliny class, whereby they maintain their power over the other classes. If Mr. Hughes is elected we may expect a return to the "standpat" attitude. As far as possible, all the progressive laws of the present Administration will be revoked, and no laws of like kind will be enacted. Rural credits, legislation in favor of the working class will go by the board: tariffs will be increased, privilege will he granted and the men whose minds are upon money will (nee more rejoice in the opport'n f'es which are offered to them by a grateful and compliant nation. In general attainment and force of will tli'? iv is 110 com pur? (ii netween the two men. Mr. Wilson t- by far the stronger, abler man of the two Mr. Wlisj-.i lgis trained his m.iid In the study of the science of government; he has exercised his will in the application of those principles in executive positions; he is a man of dauntless courage; he has staked himself and ills cause again and again upon the issue of a contest, and so far he has won out. Mr. Hughes, 011 the contrary, as we have already learned, (lid not fight his battle to the finish. He entered upon a conflict for the purification of the political life of America making the State Administration of New York his battle ground. For three years he fought fiercely and bravely and acquired for himself a leadership, but while in the midst of the battle his fortitude ^ Into security, leaving the forces that had been under his command to .shift for themselves as best they could. Up to this time Wilson has succeeded and Hughes has failed, and it is the law of life that a man does what he did aforetime. To Wilson the affairs of this country, in their present critical state, may be safely trusted. From1 what he has done we can judge what he will do. If Mr. Hughes succeeds him, we are launched upon a sea of uncertainty, and 110 man can tell in what storm the captain will forsake the ship. EXPECTS BELIEF Laney Predicts Legislative Adjustment 41%^ Tncunanna R/iU' VI tuv AUOUiUllW a ?vni Columbia. Sept. 24.?The fire insurance situation will be satisfactorily adjusted by the next legislature, in the opinion of G. K. Laney, member of the Senate from Chesterfield county, who was among the visitors in Columbia yesterday. Senator Laney was the author of the fire insurance bill passed by the last legislature. While in Columbia yesterday Seuator Laney called at the Governor's office. Gov. Manning will probably deal with the fire insurance situation in his annual message to the next general assembly. In a recent letter the Governor stated that be would probably urge the creation of a State rate making bureau. --Senator Laney said yesterday that the fire insurance situation had shown much improvement during the [hud five months. MONUMENT TO MAINE VICTIMS Work on $100,000 Memorial in Havana -- Park to Start Next Week. Havana, Sept. 23.?Work will be luinunniwpi] novt week on the monu 111**111 iii memory of the victims of the United States battleship Maine, blown up in Havana harbor in February, 1S98 The monument will be erected in a small park opposite the Santa Clara battery near the wall of the Malecon. On either side of the memorial a staff will be placed on which will be hoisted the stars and stripes and the flay of the Cuban republic. The monument will be 011 a base 10 feet in height, the total height to be 07 feet. The principle feature of the monument to be erected to the victims of the Maine in Havana will be the afterturret of the battleship and two of its guns. These relics were presented to the Cuban government by the American Congress. Tjhe monument will cost $100,000. Retains Commission Gov't. Columbia. S. C., Sept. 20.?Columbians by a vote of four to one, 1,099 to 258, today refused to recall the commission form of government. "Tell me," said the lady to the old soldier, "were you cool in battle?" "Cool?" said the truthful veteran, "why I fairly shivered." KILLEN ROCKWELL KILLED F.EW HOURS AFTER PROMOTION Daring Aviator In Franco-American Flying' Corps Died Ignoranfi of Commission to Lieutenancy Body Recovered. Paris, Sept. 24.?Aerial lighting in which Sergt. Kiffen Rockwell of North Carolina was mortally wounded yesterday morning by a German airman took placo over the town of Thann. The body of the American aviator fell in reconquered territory in Alsacp near the spot where Rockwell shot down his first adversary five months ago. Rockwell was serving as a volunteer in the Franco-American flying corps on the Verdun front. A few hours previous to the engagement he had been promoted to the rank of second lieutenant but died without knowing of the new: honor. He al ready had received the military medal for shooting down a German two-seater near Hartmans-Weilerkopf in May. He had beaten down another before Verdun and had participated in a thrilling combat in which nearly all the Franco-American flotilla was engaged with a strong German force. He was wounded during the fight by a fragment of shell while engaged alone with three adversaries. Sergeant Rockwell was one of the first American volunteers to join the Foreign Legion. He was grievously wounded in a bayonet attack at Arras in May, 1915, before being transferred to the flying corps. He was regarded in French aviation circles as an "ace," a name given to the most skillful daring pilots. Lieut. vUlliam Thaw of Pittsburg, before he was wounded, and Rockwell made a formidable fighting pair. They frequently were in the air together aud always chasing an adversary. Rockwell had fought 34 air b.wtles 3ince recovering from his last wound or an average of more than^me a day. When he met his death he was returning from a bombarding expedition in which he flew one of the fighting machines that furnished the escort. Marion, Sept. 25.?Kiffin Rockwell, the young avaiator, whose tragic death was described in yesterday's news dispatches, was a Marion county boy. His mother, who now resides in Winston-Salem, was Miss Lula Ayres of near Nichols, in Marion county. Miss Ayres married a Baptist minister and after his death, studied osteopathy and practiced in Ashville, N. C. Her iather was a prosperous farmer near Nichols until a few years ago when ne died. Two of Mrs. Rockwell's orothers live at Nicholas. LENGTH OF THE WAR A Much Discusesd Question of Great Interest. The war entered its third year with Germany on the defensive, but expressing every confidence that her lines will hold, declares Charlton Bates Strayer, in Leslies. Maximilian Harden 111 Die Zukuuft gives warning, however, that the goal is still remote and says, "We shall see more naked misery and hard need in tht. third year of war than in many ordinary years." The Amsterdam correspondent of the London ChronieV reports . liat the German military staff !> read in*ting home military arrangnm mts in order to release every single avj!.a'?'e fighting man for service at the front, the theory being that a "decision so far as the present type of warfare is concernixi is fullv exneetcd before the end of the summer." Messages exchanged between King George and the heads of all the allied Powers express the determination to continue the struggle to a victorious end. More Significant still were meetings held in every town and city in the British Isles in which the same vrm resolution was manifest. The first lord of the admiralty, A. J. Balfour, declared that after the Jutland battle the tide b?gan to "flow strongly in our favor." The most cheering feature of the war to Great Britain is the abundant supply of inunions now possessed, in marked contrast with the first year and a half of the war. David Lloyd George is quoted as saying that 011 the 1st of T...... mil "Tim Tlritiwli nrmv had j uill*. L*r?*rf ai.v ... ? one week's supply of munitions and only 75,(HK) shots in the reserve stock at the rear." "It is not for me to say how long the struggle will last," says Gen. .Toffre. 'but the question matters little!. We feel and we know that the crash is coming." Smaller Loaf in Little Rock. I.itlle Hock. Ark., September 23.? Lakers here to-day reduced the size >f a five-cent loaf of bread 14 to 13 ounces, and the ten-cent loaf from 26 to 24 ounces, and announced they would make nothing but white bread at these prices. Flour has advanced here fifty per cent in two months. The Chronicle now only $1 a year.