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[ . ^ _ In ESTABLISHED 1894. THE DILLON HERALD. DILLON SOUTH CAROLINA, THURSDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 1.5. 1919. VOL. 23. NO. 13. MPG*L^. - - ? ==-BS . \ von Soioi l QUITE CHEERFUL SAYS LEAGUE OP NATIONS j MOVES FORWARD. Commissions Charged With Various , Missions at Peace Conference Announces Findings Soon. i Loudon, Feb. 11.?Progress on the formation of the society oi' na-L tions was very satisfacioiy. Premier^ Lloyd George said today in the house j of commons in discussing the work of!; the peace conference. He said he j hoped a report would be issued soon ' by the commission appointed to con- j sider responsibility for the war and ( r vuuagvo, The premier in answering to a ques- . tion said that the British representa- . tives, like the others, would, sign the t , treaty of peace provisionally and that'j the treaty would be presented to j N parliament for ratification. If the- . . house choose to repudiate it the , v house was all powerful, he said. , The peace commission on indemnities, the premier said, he hoped,i( would issue its report soou. , The prehiier declared that the con- j ference had made progress heyondN ( the most sanguino anticipation and that it was approaching an .igree-; ( nient on most questions. It would be a misfortune, he added, if the peace jj conference deliberations were dis-j( j. cussed in any parliaments before they were concluded. i If industrial unrest continues the I. consequences will be grave to trade1 , #and industry, Mr. Lloyd George declared. The government, he said ', would agree to any kind of an inves-'j tigatiou into the causes of the unrest. I, 'Special war conditions, the pre-', mier mougni, naa coniriouiea iu uie , unrest. Among these conditions were'j the strain of four years of war and ] the fear of unemployment. I, The premier said that bills would 1 be introduced next week dealing with ] ^ housing, health, the revival of rural ] life, land settlement for soldiers, land1 reclamation and afforestation. Mr. Lloyd George said there **ould . plenty of opportunities for employ. , nlg&H^knt if confidence was given those | SM^Spponsible for starting industries ?nd unless the cost of production j went so high that it reduced the pur- , chasing power of the community or put the country out of the world ' market. -o No Criminal Court. Owing to the flu epidemic the February term court of General Sessions ( scheduled to convene next Monday, has been called off. Notices have been: sent to jurors and witnesses not to j attend. No action has been taken as1, to the holding of the civil terjn next J month, but if there is no abatement in the epidemic ij. is probable that ! this term will be postponed until , some time in the spring. , Thi8 action was taken by the local , bar out of deference to the wishes , of the Board of Health who asked the members of the bar to meet andl( pass a resolution asking the'judge^ and solicitor not to hold the spring i term. There are no jail cases 'and the judge and solicitor promptly agreed to the request of the local bar. o . ; D. A. R. Meeting. The Rebecca Pickens Chapter D.,: A. R. m^t on Tuesday with Mrs.,' Charles L. Wheeler. The meeting was full of interest and much was < accomplished. The members are plan-, ning a "Silver Tea" on Washing-!' ton's birthday, to which their friends ji will be asked. Mrs. C. R. Taber, del- i egate to the State Conference in j ] Columbia, read a report of the pjo-11 ceedings, and there is much work 1 ahead for the Daughters. The Chap- | ter adjourned to meet with Mrs. J. ! jrira W. Bethea. o Automohilo Accident. Dr. A. J. Evans' seven passenger j Studebaker automobile plunged into a ditch just the other side of McColl 1 Friday night and the body was pret-, i Xy oaaiy aamugeu. ill me car were. Dexter Evans, Maxcy Adams and Miss J Annie Coppage. Miss Coppage was on her was to Hamlet to take the Sea-/ board train to Walesboro, having been called home late that afternoon I^^^Lby a message announcing ue seriou3] Vilnesa of her parents. The car was only a short distance beyond McColI when another car came down the road at a lively gait and refused to | surrender any of the roadway. Maxcy, who was at the wheel, turned sharply to one side to avoid a collision, and before the occupant: were aware of what had happened the car had plunged into a ditch. Maxcy was slightly bruised but the other occupants escaped injury. A __ ? g^g^nan came along in a few minthe party on to HamCoppage succeeded in for her WOUI,I) ASSESS SALARIES. I Mr. Ben B. Sellers Calls Attention to Inequalities of Tax Laws. I I Mr. Ben B. Sellers of Sellers in a communication to the State newspaper discusses the tax situation as follows: ro the Editor of The State:? I have just read Senator Niels Christensen's charge in your paper that the land owners are the ones now clamoring for the destruction of the tax commission because they are now being made to shoulder their just proportion of the taxes. I desire to state emphatically as a citizen and land owner that I am anxious to ac:ept my part of the load and I believe that all right thinking men ought to be willing to do the same. Let's see who are the tax dodgers in this state, for some of those that ire screaming most about, tax dodging are the very ones that are eating heaviest at the tax bill. Some time since I was in a prosperous lawyers office discussing the subject of taxes and he contended that farmers were not beine taxed enough. I happen to know something of that man's business. His practice :onservatively brings him in $7,000 per year, upon which he pays not i/ne cent of tax. A iariuer uwiuug a piuuiciuuii migc enough to "make $7,000 worth ot cotton will pay about $250 in taxes. The farmer along with other people, who awn visible property is taxed to build roads for him to ride on and to bring him clients. He is taxed to pay the witnesses for him to examine. He is taxed to bring a jury for him to lay his case before. He is taxed to build a court house for him to plead in and without which his law would be useless. He is taxed to hire a sheriff to summon his jurors. He is further taxed to build school houses and pay teachers to educate his children and lastly is further burdened to build colleger to send his children to. For all benefits I have enumerated the lawyer and other salaried men have taken full advantage and have not contributed one cent. I know a young farmer who is try-; Ing to pay for & small farift. This' young man has five or six neighbors drawing salaries of from $1,500 to $3,000 per year. His income on this little farm is never much above $1.000. He pay8 $65 in taxes per year. His high salaried neighbors living in more comfort and style and sending anywhere from one to four children to the public school, paying anywhere from $1 to $4 tax. His income is less than any of them and yet he pays 13 times as much tax as any of them. Is that just? My idea is that we will never have a much better tax system under the present constitution, which is largely a duplication of the constitution of, '68. At that time all property was' largely lands and hence all taxes were levied on visible property. Since' then conditions have changed and there is as much invisible property as visible. Half of the property of the States is escaping taxation and that half is clamoring for higher taxes so as to have better schools, better roads, better medical protection and other benefits that belong to a progressive state, and all of which they expect to reap full benefit from and do not expect to contribute a penny. I read a pamphlet the other day issued by the Council of Defense, written by Prof. Reed Smith of the University of South C-rolk.a. One chapter way Leaded "The* S.oue; Wall," meaning that tLe curse of lo?, taxes was the cncstur.ibling block in the way of Seuth Curolix_'a upward" march. He chowcd that we paid the least per capita tax of any State in. the Union except one, North Carolina. He divided the population of the State by the tax we pay and by this simple, plausible means showed that we paid next to nothing in taxes. He forgot to take into his calculations that we have a 30,000 or 40,000 negro majority, a large per cent, of whom drift from one place to another so rapidly as to escape taxation altogether. He forgot further to take into his calculation that men like himself drawing salaries anywhere from $1,000 to $5,000 are wholly escaping taxation, so that one third of the people are really paying taxes while all are reaping the benefits. I am in favor of a new constitution. I would abolish the three mill school tax and declare all wages property and tax every single individual according to his earnings whether his earnings were from his hands, his farm, his law practice, dentistry medicine or any source whatsoever. One word further, as to why I am opposed to a tax commission. In Marion county with the fiat of a czar all lands irrespective of value were ordered raised $2.10 per acre and no citizen of the county was ap prised of the foct till he went to pay his taxes. Now Marion county has thousands of acres of swamp land * NEW ENTERPRISE FOIl DILLON. | I Beaufort County Lumber Company Plans to IxK-ate Big Mill in Dillon. Mr.. H. B. Phillips, manager of the Beaufort County Lumber Co., met* a number of Dillon's business men at /NffUoo ^ f ni honn Sir AT 1111 or TllPR- ! IIIC Ultimo VI VI1WOVU U. A'* v?.w. day morning and outlined plans for the erection of a large subsidiary plant at Dillon. Mr. Phillips, in his talk to the business men, made it very clear that his company was not looking for free mill sites and rightsof-way, but wanted the co-operation of the citizens in securing a site and rights-of-way at a reasonable price. If arrangements can be made with j property owners in the western sub-j urbs and rights-of-way can be se-j cured to the timber the company! owns in the vicinity of Latta, Bingham and Mallory the company will begin at once to erect the plant. The; plant will employ a large number of| men and the pay-roll will amount to' something like ?500 per day. The; company has been operating a large! plant at Fairmont for the past several years. It has other plants near Suffolk, Va., and Maryland. The company has decided to move its Suffolk and Maryland plants to Fayetteville where the lumber from the Fairmont and Dillon mills will be manufactured into the finished product. The Beaufort County Lumber Co., is ' I on*> of the largest manufacturers of! pine lumber in the United States. The business men at Tuesday's! meeting assured Mr. Phillips that his company would receive a cordial wel-1 come to Dillon. A committeewa^ ap-J pointed to confer with the land own-' ers in the western suburbs and also the land owners on the proposed rcute to the timber lands and wire the results to Mr. Phillips tomorrow afternoon. Mr. Phillips spent yesterday hi town, leaving that night for Baltimore where he goes to attend a meeting of the directors of his company. o EX-GOV. MANNING GOING TO FRANCE. Columbia, S. C., Feb^ 6?Richard I. Manning has secured passports itnd will go to Pari8 to present suggestions from the League to Enforce Peace, to the peace conference on the question of the league of nations, if Mrs. Manning is permitted to accompany him, the former Governor announced today. Mrs. Manning, he said, cannot be granted passports at this time on account of the order forbidding mothers, wives or sisters of soldiers going to France. She has four sons in the army overseas. Mrs. Manning wishes to go to visit the grave or her son, Major William Sinkler Manning who was killed inj action and buried near Verdun. u ?. W. C. A. Work in County. Mrs. L. R. Craig, chairman of the Y. W. C. A.% committee for Dillon county, is planning a campaign for the purpose of raising Dillon's quota of Y. W. C. A. funds. Dillon's quota is very small and there is every reason to believe that the amount will be readily contributed. The amount for the entire South Atlantic field is only $66,000 apportioned as follows: Virginia, $16,000; North Carolina, $14,000; South Carolina, $8,000, Georgia, $18,000; Florida, $7,000. The money is to be used in completing the work in which the Y. W. C. A. was engaged during the war. o HATS OFF TO ALLENDALE. """""" \ Governor Cooper Signs Bill Creating New County. Columbia, Feb. 6?Governor Cooper today signed the act creating the new county of Allendale. This is the first legislative act signed by the Executive as Governor of the State. There was a considerable ceremony surrounding the proceedings, which were attended by the delegation responsible for the formation of the new county. A photograph was taken of the group while the Governor was signing the document. o Baptist Church. Sunday school next Sunday, Feb ruary ib, ai jlu ociuck piumin. Preaching at 11 o'clock by the pastor, Rev. W. C. Allen. The public is cordially invited to come and worship with us. that are worthless and are upon the tax books at a dollar per acre and in my judgment they are the highest taxed lands in State. By this czar method.these lands were increased 219 per cent, while the best lands at $20 were increased only 10 per cent. m nnnh mothA/lo CJ I .It? CUIIIIUIBOIUII uy DUVM these convinced the people that they are unworthy of the power th.it has been placed in their hands. BEN B. SELLERS. Sellers, S. C. IMMIGRATION SOUTHS HOPE. Former Governor Urges South to En- ! courage White Immigrants for Farm Work. I T? n at x/-.n or lottor tfl tVlO Rtatf? 1 1U a OH W??t) *vvw? ?.W ??w ~ ? newspaper former Gov. D. C. Hey- ] ward reviews the labor situation in 1 the south and emphasizes the fact': that white labor is the south's only < hope. Gov. Heyward's letter comeB ] at a time when the south is facing a1: problem which will become more and i! more acute as the years multiply, j ] His letter is well worth the thought- i ul consideration of every person in- . terested in the future of the south: The letter follows: ' To the Editor of The State:? |! The general disposition of thej people of this country, after going ' through with the tremendous up- 1 heavals which have taken place 1 throughout the world during the past 1 four years seems to be, now that ' the war is over, to settle down again ( for a brief space at least to old condi- 1 tions and allow the future to work out the problems which are now ' pressing for solution. But this is not ' the safe or proper attitude which 1 should be taken. The war has liber- ' ated world forces of such momen- ( turn that they can not be stopped, and those foolhardy enough to un- ' dertake to stop them will inevitably ' be bowled over and crushed by this 1 moving spirit of world democracy. 1 In our own section of the country : problems which have safely lain dormant for several decades are now 1 rapidly coming to a head, and our : people must face them thoughtfully : and fearlessly. We can not bury our 1 head in the sand, hoping that some- 1 how these problems will continue to ' lie dormant or work out their own solutfbn. I refer particularly to the labor problem and to the soealled negro problem. The labor problem in the South is but a fragment of the larger national and international labor problem, 1 which is now rapidly pressing for solution and the solution that is being ^ worked out in Eu;ope and other sec- 1 [ tions of our own country will doubt- ' less be the solution with us and this is a matter whiofe we need not yiew with alarm, for the higher wage*' which prevails in any community ne- ' cessarily means the greater prosperity of that community will share. The negro problem on the other hand is limited more exclusively to the south and affects South Carolina vitally. There has been a great deal writ- ' ten and spoken on the negro question, but these discussions do not get ' us very far. What is needed is, first of all, a clear understanding of the facts and then we may attempt to 1 offer suggestions looking towards 1 the solution of the problem. Since his emanicaption the negro has more than doubled hia population throughout the U. S. and for many reasons it is believed that he will not gradually die out, as was once 1 thought, but will continue to main- ' tain approximately the same rate of ' increase. Amalgamation of the races, ' always abhorred by the people of the South, has made no headway whatever and this fear may now be finally j disposed of. In education the negro ' has shown marked advancement, decreasing his illiteracy by approximately 70 per cent since his emancipation. In wealth the negro through out the country has shown most marked ad vancement so he now is worth $700,000,000 or about $70 per capita and the iand which he owns, amounting to 21,000,000 acres, or 31,000 square miles, is equal in area to al-| most all of New England. The negro today then is not only a freeholder ' to a large extent, but he owns his 1 own banks, his own newspapers, his!' own colleges and his own representa- 1 tives in almost all professions, and;' occupations. It is not surprising,!1 therefore, that he has been receiving ! with increasing rapidity large 1 amounts of information which has created discontent in his leaders and 1 from them spread even to the un- ( educated. ' Another fact is that the diffusion ' of the negro throughout the United ' States while going on all the time 1 during the last few decades, has been I greatly stimulated b^ the demand for ! labor growing out of the war, and ' students of the situation have oh- ' served that wherever he has gone in ! large numbers, he has brought with 1 him the race problem and in a num- 1 ber of instances it became very rapid. 1 ly acute to a degree unknown in the ( South. But this emigration of the negro will now probably cease, and 1 on account of this fact, together with the other conditions above stated, the problem of the negro in the South will continue as formidable as ever. I Another fact which must be faced 1 is that many thousands or iipkiuph from the South have been drafted into the army, and will soon return to their homes. Any Southern man who knows the nepro will know that this is another weighty reason why the white men of the South need to I ? 4 LAND SELLS HIGH. Sixty Acres Two Miles West of Dillon Sell at Nearly $iiOO Per Acre. It is evident ti.at the price of farming land has not been affected jy the decline in the price of cotton. Last week Mr. L. C. Braddy sold a :ract of land containing about 60 icres to Dunk Wright, a prosperous colored farmer, for $16,000. Mr. Braddy purchased the tract about two rears ago from Mr. . W. Hamer for 17000. The land is located on the Dillon-Little Rock puDlic roaa, iwo niles from Etillon. Dusy themselves without delay in the solution of this problem. In 1&04 when governor of this state, I induced the legislature to es:ablish a bureau of immigration. My abject in doing so at that time was two fold, first, to bring under cultivation the vacant lands of South Carolina, and secondly, to give us in this State a majority of white people. Unfortunately, a large element of our :itienship at that timewas opposed to immigration into South Carolina and the .result was that after my terms is governor expired what I considered the most important feature of this bureau was abolished by the general assembly. I am as convinced today as I was at that time that this proposal is the only true solution of our difficulty with respect to the negro problem. This problem, is more lcute in South Carolina and in Mississippi than in any of the Southern States, due to the fact that in these States the two races exist in practically equal numbers. The ftar of negro domination hangs over these two States like a pall, and hinders us from progress in every direction. Were this removed by white immigra_ tion our people would be in a far better position to approach this questiop than they are today. Our people, as a rule, are willing to accord the negro full justice and to give him ample opportunities to better his economic condition, in fact one difficulty with the advancement of our State today is .that our negro laborers are not rising to their opportunities, but we are determined, of course,'to keep "governmental control of our State in the hands of the white man. We have had experiences along this line which make our people all the more firm in this determination, the vacant lands of South Carolina, and will always be remembered by our people, and every measure will be taken by them to prevent their recurrence. The only safe and satisfactory way by which the people of South Carolina can continue in the course upon which they are determined, is to take such steps as will bring about a decided white majority in the State, and in this work, it is my belief that we should be assisted by the national government. Uncle Sam has shown us what a miracle worker he is when he tackles any problem. Nothing seems too great or too difficult for him to undertake and carry out successfully. On account of the world war the government of the United States has been compelled, and properly so to depart from its policy of splendid isolation as to world affairs and is today undertaking the solution of questions which affect the territory and the government of various European, Asiatic j and African peoples. Under these | conditions, snouiu uui our guiciu-j ment materially aid us in any reas-l onable steps which we may take irr the solution of this problem? And the only step which I see practical at. this time is to induce desirable white Immigration into the South, and especially into those parts of the South where the negro problem is the most acute. Hitherto, immigration in this! country has moved along lines of latitude. This has been largely onj account of "the policy of our govern-' ment in opening up lands in the West, i An emergency has now arisen which ienmnds that immigration should be iirected along the linec of longitude1 and if the same steps a e taken by the government, in my opinion, it will be an easy matter on account of our advantages of soil and climate to induce immigrants to settle in the South. This can be greatly aided by the people of our State if they will | cease all opposition to immigration and if our law makers will devise plans, especially in regard to taxation, which will make it to the interest of peope who desire homes to come to the South. It is up to the people of South onlvo thie nilPStioil in the Ott* 171 1 I I CI IV PV..V n ? way they hope for it to be solved. If they will take the initiative and en. list the cooperation of the federal government in such an undertaking as I propose, I am satisfied that they will bring about a solution which will be entirely satisfactory to our people which will give juBtice to the negro and will at the same time meet the approval of the enlightened opinion of the world. D. C. HEYWARD. Columbia. Feb. 7, 1919. COUNTY NEWS AND HAPPENINGS. j NEWSY LETTERS BY REGULAR CORRESPONDENTS. News Items of Interest to Herald Readers, Ebb and Flow of the 'wG Human Tide. i Oil It (2mv?. ? Owing to the influenza situation in this cqmmunity the ?hvrch has keen closed for the past three Sundays, but there will be Sunday school and preaching at Bethesda next Sunday. There have been two deaths from influenza in this community tn the past ten days, children of A. S. and Cleveland Jackson. However, the situation is now better, there being only a few new cases and most of the patients are convalescent. Mrs. A. L. Tart who resided below Latta died Saturday night of pneumonia and was buried at Bethlehem Sunday morning, the funeral services being conducted by her pastor, Rev. J. W. Arial, assisted by Rev. J. B. Weldon. The many friends of "UncTe Wilson Hayes" are glad to see him able to get arojmd after several weeks of indisposition. This community experienced its first snow fall Sunday night. o Fork. Colonel R. L. Carmichael of New York is visiting his mother, Mrs. Annie Carmichael. Colonel Carmichael returned from France about a month ago. If* on J Af**n Tonothon IjiUrifl ikT?* 1*11 . CLiiu 1*110. uvuavuau m* v spending some time in Florida for Mj^Lewis' health. ^/Lieut. Torce Carmichael has receiv_ ed"his discharge from the army and is now at home. He has teen in service fcr four years. Mrs. J. L. Floyd and children of Aynor, S. C., spent the week end with Mrs. W. K. Fort. Miss Lucile Bethea has returned home from a visit to Mr. Dave Rogers at Latta. Mr. and Mrs. Henry ef Latta spent Sunday with- Mr. and lira. Meltoa . Rogers. Misses Sadie and Unal Lou >Moore of Dillon spent the week end here. Miss Willie Moore entertahled a number of friends Friday evening in honor of Torce Carmichael. Miss Ronie Edwards onf Lander College is home for a short time. o Floydale. Mr. Murray Hayes spent a.few days this week with Mr. D. H. Everett at Ruffin, S. C. Miss Watson of Horry visited at Mr" H. B. Floyd's last week. Mr. Elzie Beaver ol the U. 8. N. is spending a few days at heme. Private W. J. Turbeville, Jr., of Camp Jackson spent the week-end at home. From the appearance of the work which is going on very fast, Floydale will soon have an np-to-date automobile garage. Mrs. Laura Stafford is visiting at Mr. H. B. Floyd's thi- week. Mrs. John Kennedy or savannan, Ga., visited at Mr. J. M. Howell's last week. ? 'Mai lory. Mrs. R. B. Braddock died suddenly on Sunday night ef heart trouble. Deceased was in apparent good health and his death was wholly unexpected. Death occurred before a physician could be secured. She was wife of Mr. R. B. Braddock, a blacksmith living near here. Hamp Murray a negro was shot killed on Saturday night on Mr. P. E. Harpers farm just over the Marlboro line a few miles from here. He was shot by Jake Adams, a negro at Mary Crawford's house in which several negroes were at the time, all of whom were arrested by Sheriff Patterson of Marlboro and taken to jail. The sheriff and coroner held an inquest and a little skillful detective manouvring by sheriff Patterson enabled him to round up the entire party who were implicated. o ry ...... Ui<J? /' County Agent S. W. Epps has been notified by the Chief of the Bureau of Markets, Washington, D. C., that the time for making application for government nitrate of soda has been extended until Saturday, February 15. Any farmer that wants to make application for any of this soda will fina .lanks at the banks of the Thoso hinn)r? Dinst he made in duplicate .and both eopies sent to County Agent Epps or a member of the nitrate committee not later than Saturday night, February 15tti. Mr. Brand, chief of the Bureau of Markets, writes County Agent Epps that they expect to fill all orders In full and will begin shipping the soda at once. "*