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WINTER ADDS NEW PA With 80 per cent of the Blau ilton Renews Fight in \ People. Victom to .Aid By EARL 4 Robert J. Hamilton has gone tc Washington again--the lone envoy of a destitute people. Hamilton is a Blackfeet Indian and is president of the Business Council of the tribe. For 20 years, he has been fighting the cause of the Black feet, seeking to obtain satisfaction of their claims against the government or endeavoring to get relief from their destitute circumstances. A graduate of Carlisle, Hamilton has been one o fthe most active lead ers of the Blackfeet. Time and again, he has appealed to the authorities at Washington in their behalf. It has been a long and discouraging fight. But, spurred on by the suffering among his people induced by a severe winter on the reservation, he has taken up the fight at Washington again. Though once a numerous people and the possessors of a vast territory, Blackfeet Indians, now crowded back to a small and unproductive region at the very foothills of the Rocky Moun tains, virtually are at the point of starvation, according to Hamilton. The Blackfeet Indians claim that the government owes them for some 30, 000,000 acres of land, taken unjustly at different times. Yet, they can't get enough to eat, Hamilton says. And this in a land where the Indian once was the sole possessor, and none contested his right! Certainly time and the white man have brought changes to the land of the red man. "Right now conditions on the res ervation are deplorable," Mr. Hamil ton said. "More than 80 per cent of the full bloods have no employment, no income and no resources within their reach. Wholesale starvation is facing the whole tribe unless action is taken immediately. "The severe weather of the winter and the destitution have made condi tions for the Indians terrible, and there seems to be no prospect of re lief. More than 80 per cent of the dry-land farmers in the territory sur rounding the reservation have left the state, bankrupt. When these men, who are footloose and able to get around to help themselves, have rniled this way what can you expect of a tribe of Indians whose hands are tied with red tape and whose property is held under a guardianship that isn't always friendly? "The land where most of the Black feet Indians live in 5,000 feet above the sea level. Much of it is rocky, A UC' NC Notice is hereby giv cash on Thursday, Marc. disc of Reubin Gordin & Greeleyville, S. C. This red Twenty-one D~ollars ventory and is appraised Ninety-Seven Cents ($1, Also on Thursday, chandise of Reubin Gori Summerton, S. C. This H~undred Fifty-Three Il tory and is appraised al and Sevenlty-nine cents Under order of the bid amounts to the appi may be had by applying L. C.IU THOS TO. INDIAN APPEAL :kfeet Destitute, Robert Ham Vashington to Help His s of Those Named Them. HRISTMAS and fit only for raising cattle. The seasons are very short and crops can be iaised only with great difficulty. Often, there are seven months of severe, winter weather, and the suf fering of the Indians during these winters often is intense. Many of then have only poor homes as pro tection from the elements. The ma jority of the Indians have lost all their cows and horses, and are abso lutely without means. "The Indians have gone hungry, some of them have starved and al have suffered fpr the vant of proper clothing. Even the hot'ses have starv ed. Many of the Indians have lived only upon the hay they sold. Indians have cut hay with old machines which white people have thrown away. They have raked the hay with broken rakes, some without wheels. Some have raked the hay by hand and hauled it as much as 35 miles to sell it. It was very little pay that they got for their work, but it was the only means they had. Others have had to sell their last horses and cows to get food. "Last year, Mr. F. C. Campbell, the present superintendent at the reserva tion, did what he cold to improve the conditions of the Indians. He made them farm little gardens and raise a little wheat, but this was not enough to last all winter. If the superinten dent could exercise his own judgment, he could improve conditions, but he is bound and tied by the red tape issued in Washington instructions. "Right now, the Blackfeet simply are facing a panic. Though 80 per cent of these Indians have no income, nothing had been done in the way of general relief when I left the reserva tion a few weeks ago. Commissioner Burke has promised me that he will ask for an emergency appropriation, but whether Congress will accede to that request, I do not know. That al ways has been the trouble-to get Congress to see that Indians can starve. "Rations are issued to a limited ex tent by the government, but to quali fy for those rations you have to be old, decrepit, poor, blind, sick, have no friends or relatives, no place to sleep, no stock and an absolutely un productive allotment. Those who qualfy get flour and meat once in two weeks, not enough for two (lays. They receive sugar, coffee, tea, beans, rice, bacon and other stuff once a month-about enough for one or two meals. Sometimes Indians have been 'ION S ~TICE OF SA en that I will off'er for sale t( i 2nd., 1922 at 12 o'clock all ( Co., now in their place of bus stock of goods amounts to ( and Twenty-Nine Cents ($1, I at One Thousand Two Hunt 215.97). March 2nd., 1922 at 4 o'clock lin & Co., now in their place stock of goods amounts to ' ollars and five cents ($3,753, L. Two Thousand Eight Hundi ($2,814.79). Court a private sale will not aised value. The inventories to 'EEPLES, Tru Chark told that their requests for rations k would have to be referred to Waship g- h -ton, and it would be long periods be- r fore they would get relief. "The government's handling of the d affairs of the Blackfeet Indians has h added immeasurably to their hard- i ships in many ways. One of the greatest abuses is that connected with i the leasing of the lands o fthe In- o dians. The Blackfeet have lost large i sums because their interests have not been properly protected in the making c of leases for thieir lands. t "Cattle have been brought into the I reservation and grazed on lands of a the Indians without payment. Per- A sons who feased lands have been al- t lowed to default on their payments. v This condition got so bad that on their paymeits. This condition got so bad that on November 23, 1921, I the Business Council of the tribe 0 adopted a resolution canceling all h leases that were delinquent. These 9 delinquencies amounted to an aggre- I gate of $59,459.27. . e "The delinquencies range from one to three years, although the regula tions require that these payments must be made six months in advance. Every one of these leases has failed, h and most of them have been foreclos ed. After the stock, which was good IT for the lease money, was taken away, h the government got busy and tried to collect the mony. But this was a case of lockingithe barn after the horse c wvas stolen. A cattleman obtained a lease for a large tract of land belong ing to some 40 Indians. He failed to pay his rent. The Indians warned the superintendent then in charge. The superintendent did nothing, and allow ed the lessee to take his cattle to k Canada. Then he said he could do nothing to collect the money. Yet, it is the duty of the superintendent to I " require a bond to protect the interest n of the Indians. "That shows how the Indian has o been sacrificed to benefit wealthy v cattlemen.t "The prevailing rate for grazing o lands on the reservation has been 10 r cents an acre, and the prevailing rate I for agricultural lands 25 cents an fi acre. Yet outside the reservation ag- e ricultural lands inferior to those on h the reservation were being leased t from $2 to $10 an acre, and grazing v lands for as much as $3 a head per iF month. The Business Council has a sprotested many times to the unfair- iF ness of this discrimination, but all to no avail. In some cases, lands under fi irrigation have been leased at the H minimum grazing rate of 10 cents, in- f stead of at the higher rate for farm a lands. "lV rs. Amelia Fov, 84 years old, had r a home on an allotment of 320 acres. p1 She had a four-room house, a barn, tl running water with irrigation ditches b and a good timothy field. The- place a should have rented for $1,200 a year, B but an Indian Bureau agent leased it u for $100. This woman is nearly blind b and cannot read. An interpreter e came to her and got her to make her ji mark. She says she was told to make b her thumb mark on it and she would get some money. The next thing she n w el t) A LE! b b LE k ln ti Ia, the highest bidder for' p >f the stock of mnerchan- * 31 iness on Main Street, 01 ine Thousand Six Hund l21.29) as shown by in- t 11 all of the stock of mer [hr'ee Thousand Seven f b, 05) as shown by inven -ed and Fourteen Dollars v t t be confirmed unless the i aind inspection of stocks t stee, ~ston, S. c. new she was .Qrdered out of her ome. She has no place o' go, 'ad ow she is living with a niece. "The Indian Bureau had the nci ent investigated, but the man we old responsible for the wrong did the ivestigating. "A daughter of another woman was educed to sign a lease for the lands f that family, totaling 1,920 acres, nith improvements, for $132. "Mrs. Alice Martin was declared a ompetent person, and was presumed D be able to conduct her own affairs, tut officials led her' to believe that he had to have her property leased. woman lease clerk who induced her D lease made it out to her brother rho was then acquiring a very large rea of lands on the reservation. "That shows how the system has corked.. Though sworn to protect. f the Indians, agents have worked and-in-glove with the men who want ur lands for as little as possible. It s only fair to say that this happen d before, the present superintendent )ok charge of the agency. Mr. ampbell has tried to help the In ions, tied though his hands have een with red tape at Washington. "Grazing lands of the individual rdians have been taken for the tribal erd without compensation. One tan was putting up hay, when the erd began destroying his stacks. He ppealed to the government man in arge of the herd to drive the cattle way, and was told he would have to se the superintendent, 30 miles away. he Indian drove the cattle away, and ie government confiscated his hay, iy that his lease had been taken for ie tribal herd, although the owner new nothing of a lease. "Persons outside the reservation ave offered to lease our lands for iore than the regulation rates. One tan wanted to start a big beet-rais ig enterprise. Others have offered pay substantial royalties for coal r oil leases. But these efforts at de elopment have not been approved by ie Indian Bureau. The opening up f mines and the development of beet aising would give employment to irge numbers who are now unable to nd work. The Indians are restrain .1 to the reservation, but still they ave not been allowed to.benctit from 'e resources there. Though without 'ork or means of support, the Indian expected to stay on the reservation nd starve or eke out a miserable ex itence as a pauper." Besides obtaining emergency relief >r the members of the trible, Mr. [amilton hopes to obtain provision wr restocking the Indians with horses nd cattle. He hopes also to work Lit a more helpful plan of agricultu il assistance to the Indians on the art of the government. And then sere is the big thing for which he has een fighting these many years-rep rations for the lands which the lackfeet say were taken from them njustly. Several times bills have een before Congress referring these aims to the Court of Claims for ad idication, but never has one passed Dth Houses. "The Blackfeet nation once was the ost numerous, most powerful, most arlike people in the Northwest," Mr. amilton said. "It owned and oc ipied a vast territory, now com rising part of Montana, Idaho, the akota and part of Canada. Out of uis, a diminished territory was set dde by the treaty of 1855. But in 314, the government, by act of Con ress, took away approximately 26, )0,000 acres of this territory. More id more the white men encroached 9 settlement of the country proceed 1. In 1887, the government talkod to Indians into another treaty, cut ng the reservation down to a small territory. "'tracts of land were taken away v executive order, and given back v executive order. Tracts were ken away and replaced with others. ame of the land was taken away un 3r an unratified treaty. The result as that the Blekfeet Indians were ft with a small reservation up on ec very slopes of the Rocky Moun iins, whereas much of the territory ken awvay from them contains low niries and fertile valleys. "Altogether about 30,000,000 acres land, or approximately a third of ec state of Montana, was taken un ustly or through false representa ons at various times." Getting Congress to see the justice Sthis claim may he a hard job. Cur y Bear, a stalwvart 01(1 chief who ap earedl at an earlier sesison, snidl: I'his is tge third time I have been owvn here on this case, and each me I go home with a broken-down eart." But the Blackf-eet are going to keep p the fight, according to Mr. H1am ton.-The Dearborn Independent. RGES FARMER TO BESTIR HIMSELF resident of State Farmers' Union. Says Time Has Come for Focus ing Influence un State Senate. Asks About riTx Measures. What has become of the puissant irmer of South Carolina? Has the oIl weevil so destroyed his spirit a to create the feeling that all is lost nd further struggle useless ? If not, hy is it that no farmers' organiza on is seen about the state senate > hold up the hands of the few sea tors who in their dlesperate fight to ghten the tax burden of the farmer re being dIriven to the wall, who see heir reasonable measures emascu ited, shells substituted for sub tance or the bills killed outright? Vhy is it that the farmer of the tate can not present as strong and nbroken front as the lobbyists for he power companies and allied cor orate interests who are camping in hie State House? Why should not a armor or his representative be on and to buttonhole and coddle his elpresentative as well as the power ompanies or the interests'affected by ho luxury or the income tax7 If the fair aid just laws proposed *y those who ninerel ish rasn CARDUI . H PEW *AJH STRENGTI Aabama Lady Was Sick For Thre Years, Sufferimg Pau, e ervous and Dr Ms d-Read H* Owl Stay of Ruioery. / Paint Rook, Ala.a-Mrs. C. M. stegal, of near ehere, recently- related the ol. lowing ihteisting account of her re. covery: "I was in a .weakened .con. dition. I was sick three yeers in bed, suffering a great deal of pain, .weak, aerveui, depressed." Z was se weak, I couI4n't' wal across the floor; just had to fay an4 my little ones do the wprk. "' I w is " almost Ode. I tried ery thiag I heard ot and a numbeuolo doctors.' Still 1 did t get any relief. I couldn't eat, and slept poorly. I belive if I .hadn't heard of and takeS Cardul I weuli have. dted. I bought six bottles .after a Aeighbor told me what it did for her. , "I began to eat and sleep, began to gala sp. strength ast. am new well and stroag, I haveik't had any trou. ble since . , . I sure Can testi to the god .that Cardui dia me. I don't Vhlk -there - is a better tbnio made and I believe it saved my life." Tor ever .40 years, thousands tf we. men have used. Cardul suooes , in the treatment et. many ..pmP5i ailments. It you suffer 'as these women did take CarduL. It may help you, toe. At all 4ruglsta ll 85 ably to- shift the burde nfor a while from the farmer are not enacted into law it will be due in a. large measure to the failure of the farmers and the average citizen to rise in their might and lay siege to the senate as the "interests" are doing. Now is the time for the farmer and the average citizen to shake off'his lethargy, take an active interest in a matter that much concerns him and focus his influence on the exact spot the senate, that can, if it will, much relieve him. by J. H. Claffy, Presi dent State Farmers' Union, in The Columbia State. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS When is the best time to spary peach trees and with what spray ? R. P. E. Greenville. The only spray required for your peach trees (luring the winter is a lime-sulphur spray, provided they have scale. If the peach trees are green and thrifty, then it will only be necessary to give the spray for worms and rot and to give the peach tree borer treatment in late summer, Under separate cover we are sending you Circular 25, which gives a com plete program for winter and sun mer sprays. What is the trouble with the en closed raspberry twigs?-C. R. B. Walhalla. They seem to be affected with an Speakin Yc Have You Too Much. Of course no Put your su and it will ea Then in the will reap the early thrilt. This is a bank tha the people it does Are you one of tlh Home Bani CHARLTON Di T.M. WELLS, t ygcppoe. A control mieasure cut olt land bunt all of the diseased canes and follow with one or two early applications oi.ordepx. .after greiyth. starts.. Please tall me if the enclosed plant. is good. for the land. or profitable as a feed for farm animals.--Mrs. R. L. S.,- Heath Springs. The plant' Is chick weed, a very comnion weed which grows through out the winter. It Jr of no particular value as chicken feed or .stock feed, but., can be .used for that purpose where it occurs. It is neither espec ially good for the land nor. the op posite. Please give remedy for lice on cab bage.--W. H. H., Beaufort. You should have no difficulty in. controlling these by thoroughly spraying them with nicotine sulphate as described on Information Card 16,: sent you under separate cover. The use of.-Paris green and pyi ox, which makes a. good combined poison and fuigicide, would have little or no effect on plant lice. Can you suggest remedy for hairy caterpillar on walnut trees?-J. A. M., Columbia. Give the trees a spray of arsenate of. lead, which Is described in Cir cular 25 sent you- under separate cover As to the details.of making this spray and applying it, call up J. R. Clark, Chamber of Commerce Columbia, who is your county -.farm agent, and he will be glad to be of service to you. NOTICE OF DISCHARGE I will apply to the Judge of Pro bate for Clarendon County on the 13th day of March, 1922, at 11 o'clock a. ip. for. Letters of DIsche rge as Admin istrator of the Estate' of 'James 'ib, (son, deceased. . - J. S. Cottingham, pd. Administrator.. Jordan, S. C., Feb. 11, 1922. CYPRESS SASH DOORS BLINDS MOULDINGS o AND MILLWORK g to >U! M~oney ? t. You need more. rplus in this bank. rn more. decline of life you rewards of early Come in today. at believes inr ,bu~siness with. em? & Trust Co. LIRANT,, President Cashier.. d