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THE RACE 16SUE Senator Tillmian Speaks of the Negro in Slavery Days. HE RELATES SOME PLAIN FACTS The Charge or Harriet Becher Stowe's in Her Vile Book Shown to be Untrite. The following extracts frum Sena tor Tilman's speech on the negro pro blem will be found interesting and in structive: I want to direct your attention to a remarkable fact in the history of this country, which can not be too much dwelt upon. When the Southern white men. from 16 to 60 years of age, all them living in the cotton States, except a few in the mountains, had left their homes during the civil war to follow the standards of Lee and Jackson, of Johnston and Forrest., and when there were absolutely no men there except the old men above 60 and 65 and the little scholboys and the country then was much less thickly populate than it is now and altogether more agricultural-with over 4,000,000 negroes there were at least 1,000,000 males of adult age, slaves scattered throughout the breadth of the land. from the Poto mac to the Rio Grande, and the wives and daughters of their masters were left to their care and protection. The negroes knew the war was to settle the question of their future liberty or continued slavery. If there existed in their hearts any cause for hatred and re-entment and a desire for revenge, such as you gentlemen in your youth were led to believe existed from reading Harriet Beecher Stowe's novel and other sources of informa tion, and when oratory poured out its plea for the poor, downtrodden Afri -if these people had then been imbued with one-tenth of the hatred of. the whites which exists to-day, what would have been the conse quences upon the helpless white wo men and children then living among them? The very imagination palls at the picture of rapine and murder and of the cruelties and horrors of which we have read in Hayti and San Domingo. Yet they were slaves and had, as you believe, ample cause for revengue and hate. Bat what are the facts, Senators? During those four dark years there is not of record a solitary case where a negro man wronged a white woman. What is the situation now? Take your morning paper and read it any day in the year, and there is hardly a dgy-inwhich our sensibilities are not ~wrought up and our passion excited or our pity aroused by some tale of horror and of woe. I tell you from my own experience and observation that the old sense of seeurity and of love and friendship on the part of the negro for his white - master and his mistress and the child ren, 'which I myself experienced in my boyhood, has gone. With the remnant of the old negroes who were born in slavery and had some of that *training (all of whom are now neces Lazily above 40) gone, the last restraing and conservative element among them will have disappeared. They have been taught that they are the equals of the whites. Durmng the reconstruc *tion period, when they had 'be ballot and professed to govern, an-i levied taxes and marched themselves ila the statehouses, constantly squandering -and stealing of our substances, they learned their lesson well. They tasted blood. They were innoculated with the virus of license, not liberty. Among the dusky millions who were held in bondage there were, of course, *many who had been cruelly wronged and suffered injustice, but the over wb~elming majority of them had no feel ~ng fo,r their masters and their fami lies except love and veneration. They - ooked up to them as superior beings. TIhey felt the obligations of the trusts -which had been reposed in them, and many of them were true unto death. LThe fact which can not be disputed is one to give us pause when we under take to analyze the present conditions. A great poet tells us that those who love liberty must first deserve it. So the poor African has become a fiend, .seeking whom he may devour, and illi~ng our penitentiaries and our jails, lurking around to see if some helpless white woman can be murdered or brutalized. Yet he can read and write. Se has a little of the veneer of educa tion and civilization, according to N ew Englanti ideas. Sdo not blame the New England people. They have none, or few, of the negroes. The whole number be yond New York would not equal the negroes in my county. The pe~ple up there can afford to theorize and to de termine upon the life and death of the civilization of the South from :their standpoint of sentimentaljity, if they are willing, but I do not believe they are willing. I do not believe they want to. I give him credit for more love of humanity and of their kind than to bring on a condect of that sort. -If there were no. higher motives, I give them credit for more statesman ship. But, with the constantly in creasing hatred between the races, with the-older white men, acquainted with the better negroes, dying off, as they are doing rapidly: with the old negroes, the grandfathers of the race. dying off rapidly, as they are doing, in a very short while those who know anything of the relation of the slave and the master in the old days will have disappeared and gone. And then the youngerugeneration of white men, who are hating these ne groes in return, whose animosity and antagonism grow apace with these acute situations and conditions, have got to face this problem. I thank God sometimes that I will not live to see the thing brought to a focus. 1 am endeavoring in my feeble way to beg you, for God's sake, not to help pro duce that acute stage of fever and race hated and carry it through until you bring into people those angry passions which will put the races at each oth er's throats with the resolve on the part of the whites to die or maintain heir supremacy. What effect does it have to appoint a negro to office in a community, sveral of which I could mention i say State, where there are three or live negroes to one white, just as there are in Indianola three negroes to a white person in that entire community, and in the adjoining county of Washington there are absolutely ten to one. just as in Beaufort, S. 0., there are ten to one? What effect does it have for the knowledge to go out all over and among them. at their churches and everywhere else, that the great Presi ~dent of the United States is still their frind: that he does not intend to al ow the "door of hope to be shut upon r them:" that he wantsto oaler them an t( apportunity in lif: Liat he iS going to II recognize them and give them wliees to represent the Uuitcd States Goveri- ; rent? Does that tend to peace. teid. 1) to good order. tend to produce thaz d feeling of subordination which I: ther oniv salvationy S.ome people hrave ben ready tI lieve and to contend that the nrcro IS a white man with a bia-k skin. I 0 history lisproves that. Go A ica. Wluat d- vou rind therey -rom one s) hundred and liftyv milliOn: to two hut- p dred milli'n savages. 1 happened in my boyhood, when I was about 1 years old. to see some real Africans from their native jun- A gles. The last cargo of slaves im- I ported into this country were brought here in 1S58 on the yacht Wanderer. s, landed on an island below Savannah, d and sneaked by the United States ' marshal up the Savannah River and s landed a little distance below Augusta. and my family bought some tlirty of t them. d Therefore I had a chance to see just l1 what kind of people these were. and. v to compare the African as he is today e in Africa with the African who, after two centuries of slavery, was brought d side by side to be compared. Tie dif- si erence was as "Hyperion to a satyr.*- a Those poor wretches, half starved as t1 they had been on their voyage across 0 the Atlantic, shut down and battened e: under the hatches and fed a little E rice, several hundred of them, were n the most miserable lot of human be- it ings-the nearest to the missing link o with the monkey-I have ever put my eyes on. a Now, I do not go into the philoso- j< phy of it. or undertake to act as God's s1 irterpreter, because I have no ambi- fi tion of that sort and I would not pre- c sume to even suggest a thing more n than to say that if we consider the t destinies of this race from a broad i standpoint, and compare the condi- i tion of the African in Africa today, u the highest and best of them, with % the condition of the American negroes. ii such as we now have them, or such as ii we had them in 18G5, I do not besi- v tate to say that among the four mil- a lion and odd slaves who were in the n South in 1865 there were more good t Christian men and women than all Africa could show then or can show 1 now. C Then if God in His providence or- n dained slavery and had these people t transported over here for the purpose S, of civilizing enough of them to form a b nucleus and to become missionaries ' back to their native heath, that is a ' question. I have a letter here from a s distinguished African bishop who be- u lieves it, and I want to read it. But o the thing I want to call your attention to is that slavery was not an unmiti- n gated evil for the negro, because what- p ever of progress the colored race has I shown itself capable of achieving has 0 come from slavery; and whether among a those four million there were not c more good men and women than could g be found among the nine million now 0 is to mind a question. I would not e like to assert it: but I am strongly of a that belief from the facts I know in i t regard to the demoralization that has jo come to those people down there by .t' having liberty thrust upon them in | e the way it was, and then having the t ballot and the burdens of government., and being subjected to the strain of t being tempted and misled and duped t and used as tools by designing white h men who went there among them. c A little while back 1 received a let- t ter from this man-I never met him t -making some comment on some- u thing he had seen about my utter- e: ances in regard to the negro in some n speech or lecture. My newspaper p friends have always taken it upon .c themselves to quote evervthing that is lurid and hot and vitriolic that I d say, and then to finish by saying, li "The Senator from South Carolinac made a characteristic speech," leav-t ing anything that was sane ande rational and decent and eloquent, if In ever rise to eloquence, out of the whole account. That is unintentional doubtless. In their pursuit for sensa tion they have done me the great wrong to misrepresent me throughout t this country. I do not fret over it. 1 know that the truth never has over taken a lie, and I do not intend to u n dertake it, and 1 never will even make t a start to run down thousand and one .1 lies that have been toldi on ,ne' a But this man, this bishop, wrote me a letter and called my attention to a ream of his, an aspiration and a j hope, and to suggest that 1 should - submit his proposition to the Senate a f the United State and lend it sup- s port. I wrote back to him the ditfi aulty that lay in the way th e obstruc- t ion, the well-nigh impossibilhty of anything being done along that linea o the extent he had dreamed. of, and [ went on to say something about my tl dea in regard to the negro, giving a ittle advice, as we are all so prone e and ready to do. Advice is one of hose commodities that nobody ever barges anything for except a lawyer. [ got this letter in return: Atlanta, Ga., Jan. 24, 1903. u Ion. B. Rt. Tillman, United States ii Senate. Sir: Yours of the 19th instant was pon :ny table wvhen I reached home ~rom Memphis, Tenn. You say,~if I know anything. I ought (i o know that the negro in the South al nust ever and forever remain subordi- ir late or be destroyed and annihilated. ti [know that as well as you doand even etter, for a white man can not see :he virus of this entire nation. from he Supreme Court of the United states down to the ward politician, as he co'ored man can see it and feel it. w But this determination to degrade the aegro and prevent his recognition as a nan that God made is not only con- Sd ied to the ruling masses of the South out to the~ North as well. Color prej- w dice is not a Southern institution 01 ione, but of the United States. Hence my desire for my race to leave the na tion and return to Africa. When Icl was a boy, ino years agoI thought then et s I do now, that God allowed the nre ro to be brought to this country and m ~iviized to redeem his kindred in Af- d rica. And since I have traveled from one end of A frica to the other. I am trorger in my conviction than ever. sI and I did hope that, as .Je11'ersonm Da- se vis was the negative force in the free- ki diom of the negro. God had raisedl you up to be the negative force that should establish through governmental aid a w highway for millions of our race to re- w turn to the land of our ancestors. I oi have been looking upon you as a crea ture of Providence and still think that your utterances in many~ instances will serve a purpose not even contemplat-T ed by yourself. Others of my race may C denounce yo~a they do in mass meet- ti ings and on the lecture platforms of b this country~but I shall praise you and wish you Godspeed; for I believe that co you are serving a purpose of Provi- 03 'dence that but fewv are aware of. and vi even yourself do not realize. al judge yioum think, from the tone of n' your letter~that I am a politician. But be politics far from mne. I am no poli- 5, tician. Nor am 1 aniy onice seeker for t( my race. I do not care if a negro neverf gets olie in this couintry while the world stands. A little insignificant ri otice in the face of all the laws that al anhood is too snall. o meit my at ution. The negro is a fool for want otticeI le is a fool for enlisting in e \rmy or Navy or in doing any ing if protect a flag that gives white en all the stars and leaves nothing it the stripes for the negro. Please i not class me among the politicians. You say the natural increase of the rro by birth would be a bar to emi -ation solv ing the race problem. 1i i Lk with you I would inake you sec .herwise. For I know ail about - - ni acquainted with the statistics ofi amigration to this country. Bit I iall not intrude upon you.r I imne and itience. No reply to this letter will i expected. Truly. II. M. Turner. II. M. Turner is a Bishop of the frican Methodist Episcopal Church. :is scheme is before you u consider. Now. Mr. President, a little brief immary. and I am done. I have en eavored in my feeble and humble ay to give you such historical light. ich ethnological light. on this sub et as I could come across in the brief me I have had, along with my other ties. to collect. I have relied main-i on the inner light of my own obser uions and my own feeling and knowl Ige of conditions. I do not want to see the African riven to the wall. I do not want to iut the door of hope in his face. I mn willing to give him every oppor inity in life, all that the Declaration independence guarantees-life, lib ty, and the pursuit of happiness. ut thaf does not involve, and so help Le God.I can not consent to have it ivolve, the dominance of that people ver my people. Then what are we to do? We have. I have told you. a large negro ma )rity in South Carolina. Negroes con ituted the wealth of that State be re the war when these slaves were iattels. They are there and they do t want to leave,and we do not want iem to leave. What I mean by that that today the superficial thought that if they left our tields would go tilled. our lands would become -orthless, there would be a vacuum I the productions of that State, and - vou took them out of the South you ould create a cataclysm in finance, nd would knock down and destroy t only the financial prosperity of ais nation, but of all Europe. So you can not approach this prob :m at a double-quick. It has been yming on us for two centuries or tore. We will have to take the time ) study out the best way to go about ,ttling it. and then begin. We had etter never begin than to begin rong. We have already begun wrong. 'he blunders which have been made nee 1865 have produced the present nfortunate and, I might say. danger as situation. Consider for a moment what it eans to undertake to deport these eople, to encourage them to emigrate. ou are face to face with a problem bhich in its magnitude in expense will pproximate the national debt at the ose of the war. The getting to ether even in small quantity of 200, 00 a year,or whatever number might jual the birth rate, and giving them he aid and the assistance to go across he ocean, or to go to South America, r to Mexico, or to the Philippines, or >Cuba, or to Africa, or anywhere se, involves transportation by sea, he food necessary to sustain them hile they are on the way and in the me they are on shipboard, the food > support life: and then when ,you Lnd them on the other shore youf are >mpelled by humanity to furnish em with the means of support until 1ey can make a start in the world. ntil they can plant a crop and gath it. So I think upon a rough esti ate-you can not possibly hope or ex act to accomplish it under .$300 per pita at a very low estimate. How many of them want to go? I - not know, and certainly there is no w to make them go and Congress n not pass one. Joe doed not want >go-my JToe. I do not know wheth I belong to JToe or Joe belongs to Le. Anyhow, we have been together r thirty years. and we have agreed live together until one or both of die, and when I go away, if I go rst, I know he will shed as sincere rs as anybody. I would die to pro ct him from injustice or wrong. Now, what are you going to do out it? Throughout that broad land ere are hundreds and thousands of des. They do not care anything oat voting. They do not knowv any ing about it. Left alone and in ace as they are now. they do not now anything about the elections. hey have forgotten all they did know out them. They have not voted in uth Carolina since 1881, long before 1ey were disfranchised according to i constitution and the law of the ate. When we took the government nay from them in 18765 we made it clear that we intended to keep it iat, after one or two spasmodic ef irts, they surrendered all desire or mtention, and virtually were satis d to go and pick cotton on the (th 7th of November, when the first uesday came. It is only these pestiferious creat es who are organized, as I said, into tle Republican machines to furnish ~legates to nominate a Republican resident who are bothering about it; id it is those fellows who are in these lices who stir up bad blood and cre ;e race antagonism and create a feel g of opposition in the -minds of all mose who are willing to be misled. R~eflections of a Bachelor. The way to succeed is not to fail. It is prudent to keep platonic love eli iced. A woman's face is her fortune and me man's misfortune. Some men seem to forget that their ives walk on the same things as ,er women'-do. A man can convince any woman he yes her if he can affo rd to give her iough presents. Anyway, getting along with one's other-in-law is good training for the plomatic service. A fter a girl begins to know things t ought not to she begins to wvant mebody else to know that she A woman feels 0uite as importanit hen she is going shopping as a man hen he is going to a board of direct -s meeting.-New York Press. Being Congratulated. A dispatch from Washington to he State says Senators Tillman and lay are receiving the congratula ons of their southern conferees in >th houses for their defeat of Crum's tirmation as collector of the port Charleston. They secured an ad srse committee report on the negro d then prevented a vote upon his mination in the senate knowing it; ould result in his con lirmnation. It. now ''up to" President Roosevelt >say what he will do with Crum. e has already declared that he will appoint him, and there is consider }e speculation a~s to how soon he il nak goodnn this threat NEGRO CANDIDATE DZFEATtD. La:rchtiont, N. t7.. People iepudiated I the -Theory or lIoosevelt.' The defeat Saturday of Ton Ilarris. a nro livery man ft r the Republican it. uninat i: for tax receiver of Larch Inont. the town of mzilionaire Newe York vachtsinci is creating a great deal of commient. because the race quest.ion was directly involved. Millionaires who have country seats here left their town houses to cast v(ites against Harris. They said they i did not want a negro calling at their lhious-es tio collect taxes. Harris had a d(ozen of his carriages in service to C convey his supporters to the conven tionii ball. while most of the yachts men used automobiles. Harris announced to his friends that the reason he was in the race was because~" 'he wanted to uphold the theory of President Roosevelt that negroes should be permitted to hold omic." More votes turned out than ever be fore in the bistoryof this place. Let ters had been sent out and telephones were kept hot all day requesting tax avecs to "down" Harris. Rather than have a rival ticket. and thus in crease the chances of Harris. the con vention indorsed the Democratic ticket, with the exception of the tax receiver. The ticket is headed by Augustin Monroe for president of the village. When the halloting for tax receiver began the village hall was black With tobacco smoke. Nillionaires sat on the henches. sandwiched between colored waiters. When T. .. Mc Cahill nominated Harris the negro marched up the main aisle of the hall with a big, black cigar stuck in the corner of his mouth and his hat tilted. back. lie was the only man in the hall who kept on his hat. Great beads or perspiration stood out on his face. After Harris learned he had received only about a quarter of the votes he was crestfallen. "I've been Ilim-ilammed-sold out," he said. "But I'll support the ticket just the same. I believe there was some voting by proxy. I ought to have tried that game myself. Running for offlice ain't no snap, I tell you." "We defeated Harris because we did not want a negro to handle our taxes," said a yachtsman. "His place is in his livery stable and not in public of ice. If he had been nominated many wealthy persons wvould have moved away." Battle With the Bugs. it may not be known generally to our read rs that the government spends millions of dollars annually trying to destroy insects that are in jurious to the different crops that our farmers grow. No less than $35C,000, 000 will be spent this year in this way: The cinch bug will draw $100, 000,000 of this amount, the grasshop per will take $90,000,000 and the Hes sian fly will call for at least $50,000, 000 more. Three worms that attacki the cotton plant will assess the far mer's for a total of $65.000,000, and the potato bug will eat $3,000.000 worth of its favorite kind of garden produce. Ten Millions of dollars is a moderate estimate of the injury that will be done by the apple worm. and the caterpillar that makes cabbages its specialty will destry $5,000,000 worth of crisp green heads. The estimate, which is conservative and under the mark, is as follows: Cinch bug.. ...-.-- $.100.000,000 Grasthopper.......... 90.000.000 Potato bug .. .... ......-. 8,000,000 San Jose scale.. .. .... ... 10.000,000 Grain weevi.. .......... 10,000,000 Apple worm.. ... ...... 10.000,000 Army worm.......... .. 15,000,000 Cabbage worm. .~.- ... 5,000,000 Boll weevil (cotton) .*. ... 20,000,000 Boll worm (cotton). .. .. 25,000,000 Cotton worm. .... .... .- .. 5,000.000 Total...........385,000, 000 How absurd it seems, says the Wash ington correspondent of The News and Courier says, that this Govern ment, with an army of 6i5,000 men. 254 vrar ships and more money in its treasury than any niation has ever be fore possessed, should be helpless inI tight against twelve objectionadble )ugs' Yet such is the fact. The in dividual bug is small, but its ''strong hold' is its tremendous power of re prouction. What is to be done in conlit with arn adversary which is capable of having a billion descendants in a summer. In conflict with such an enemy Uncle Sam tinds himself in mch the same situation as that of Gulliver when he discovered that he was at the mercy of the Liliputians. Pointecr Paragraphs. Some men go to bed too late ever' to wake up famous. The chief end of man is the one with the head on. A woman is as young as other wvo mea thinks she look's. A man is seldom as smart or as foolish as his wife thinks he is. Strenoous pursuit of the impossible begets activity minus the reward. Think of your own faults and you will talk less about the faults of oth It is easier to get a modiste to cut gown than it is to get her to cut the price. A third party may be all right in politics, but wvhen it comes to court ship it's difierent. Money may not make the man. but that loesn't prevent the man from trying to make mor~ey. The average woman can detect flat tery every time--except, of course when it is lavished upon herself. A physician says that wvhisky drink ing weakens the eyes. Perhaps it :loes, ut consider how it strengthens the breath. it is diflicult to believe that every thing is for the best. but there is no reason why we shouldl not tryc to make the best of everythi ng.-Chicago11 News. P'aidrthe Penalty. . ames Mack was shott and killed at I Powhatan. W. Va., WXednesday night 1 by .ames Hickman. Mack ran away with hickmaLn's wife several years ago I and went to the coal fields. Ilickma n Located them at P'owhatan Wednesday i night and calling Mack to the door of his cabin riddled his body with buckshot. Hickman surrender'ed-. Sout h Carolina Claim. The treasury department Friday is; ;ued warrants aggregating 889,.1I 37 in favor of the State of South Carolina, i satisfaction of its claims growir~g >ut of the war of 1812. The payment was directed by the general deticiency t lt. approved March :3, 19013. This isa he claim Tillman forced Congress to pa en State at the last minute. 1 THE TILLMAN FAMILY, t Ias Many Distinguished Members in Many States. Some time ogo the papers of the ountry publishcd a telegram from St aM, Ninnesota. announcing the leath of a grand uncle of Senator Till nan. an aged miser of that place. A ew days ago your correspondent hlanced to meet Mrs. Anna Swearin en, the widowed and accomplished ister of Senator Tillman, and inquir d if the Mr. Tilliman in question was i relative. She replied, "No:" expressing her elf as being glad of an opportunity to orrect the error, and then she gave he following short, but interesting md comprehensive, history of the amily: "My father, B. R. Tillman, iad only three uncles: their names ,ere Littleberry, Steven and Lewis. "Littleberry moved to Alabama, where his great grandson, Senator P1ufrh, and other descendants now ive. "Steven lived and died in Edgefield. The Hughes, Clisby and other fami ies kindred to them, descended from !nm. "Lewis moved to Tennessee, where le lived and died in Edgefield, a town ie named in honor of his native county n South Carolina. His grandson, Lewis, represented that S-ate in the Federal Congress for several years. hi s Congressman left sons, six in lumber. Some of them are prommn mnt lawyers. living in Nashville and Knoxville. Tenn. One, J. Fount Till nan, was register of the United States reasury and his name is often seen n paper money. "Another of his sons, Col. Samuel rillman, is professor of chemistry in West Point Military Academy, where .e has labored for many years. His works on chemistry are used as text 0ooks in the leading universities of ;he world. "My father, if living, would be 100 years old on the 5th March coming, as le was born in 1803. "His twin brother, John M. Till rnan, died of yellow fever in Pensacola, Vla., when quite a young man, eighty >dd years ago. "You will pardon the infliction of these genealogical facts, which are 3alled forth by the seemingly un ;crupulous efforts of some to besmircb )ur name. A history of the family is in course of preparation-written by a member of the North Carolina branch )f the name-and I am sure its pages will not enroll the name of -the miser.' A LAMENTABLE TRAGEDY. Mr. John Heape Killed by His SteD Son, Mr. Willie Fairey. A lamentable affair occurred at Branchville on last Tuesday morning, which resulted in the death of Mr. John Heape, for many years an engi ser on the Southern Railway, at the :ands of his step-son, Mr. Willie Fairey a young man. The facts in the case as we have eard them are to the effect that Eeape, who married the mother of ~he young man who killed him, Wil ie Fairey, on Tuesday morning at ~empted to beat his wife at their ome in Branchville. Mrs. Ileape's cries for help caused a ~entleman to go to her assistance, when he was tired upon by Hleape. About this time young Fairey come 2p and went to _the defence of his ~nother, like any manly man would do, tnd Heape also shot at him, but lucki y neither he nor the gentleman that svas shot. at before him was hit. Young Fairey then got hold of a louble-barreled -shot gun and shot 1eape in the head, killing him in ;tantly. He was forced to take -this ;tep, or Heape no doubt would have tilled him. From the above facts it seems to us that the killing was pure .y in self-defence and no blame can tttach to young Fhirey. Those here who knew him say that Reape was a man that dissipated, tad it is supposed that he was undter :he iniluence of strong drnk when he ittacked his wife and shot at those vho went to her defence. When he .as sober he was a quietly disposed nan. and was well liked by those who new him, but when drinking he was agly, it is said. These are the facts in the case as ,ve learned them on Tuesday a lew mours after the tragedy and we be .ieve they are substantially 'correct. he young man who did the killing ;urrendered to the Sheriff and is now n jail. If the facts in the case are ts stated above be will have no trouble n getting bail. Newspaper Observations. T wenty years' experience !n ne ws paper work teaches a man that: That the paper which tries to please averybody at once soon pleases its :ompetitors by dying. That the man who kicks hardest tout a certain paper hasn't seen a :opy of it for six weeks. That shysters arc sworn enemies of ewspapers, thereby testifying eloqu mtly to the respectability of the craft. That if you expect a man to find a :ompliment about himself yo~u must >ut it on the front page in bold-face ~ype. That those who patronize the pa er systematically and persistently tre the must level-headed and reliable -itizens of the community. The chap who tries hardest to work tnewspaper for special favors is the me who never spends a cent with it nd is not even a subscriber. That a man protected mercifully in ascality never appreciates it because .ie protection only erncourages him in iing the sort of reptile he is. That the one who demands the ighest excellence in typography, ube~ct matter and quantity oft con ents, does least to help the cause Lonitg. That the man who has it in for ewspapers in general has had the itter truth told about him once by ome unusually frank reporter, and ias big sore spot. That if you put in a one line roast n nonpareil between two patent nedicine ads. on the steenthi page ie'll lind it and come hunting the nan what writ the piece. That the man who begs that his amc be left out of the list of drunks or fear it will hurt his mother's feel ngs never considered that good lady's ensibilitics before in his life. That the man who kicks most about he inaccuracy of newspapers in gener 1 is the one who does least to assist n getting the facts accurately when e hs a n ronnortnnity to dlo so. TWO BILLIOX DOLLARS. Enormous Appropriations Made by Congre! s at the Late Session. Representative Livingston of Geor gia, the ranking Democratic member of the House Committee on appropria tions. makes a rough estimate that the total amount of money appropria ted by the late Congress will reach a minimum figure of $2,000,000,000. "I have not the complete figures at hand yet," said Mr. Livingston. "for the reason that ses'eral bills are yet in conference, but I judge that the total amount will not be less than $2,000, 000,000. This is a remarkable fact upon which the country can well af ford to ponder. It means that the ex penditures of the government are far greater than the growth of the coun try warrants. Of course allowances must always be made for growth, but the development is being exceeded by the total of our disbursements. "The fact is this Republican admin istration is following the same course of an extravagant person who finds his pockets full of money and who does not know what to do with it. A man extravagantly inclined who does not know what to do with the money in his purse always manages to get rid of itand in most instances a great proportion of it goes to waste, There is now a surplus of about $477,000,000 in the treasury, and the Republicans don't know what to do with it. They must spend it, however. "Therein lies the evil. There should be no gigantic surplus. The Republi can protective tariff is responsible for the situation and I believe that with a tarifi-for-revenue-only policy we could manage the affairs of the treas ury much better, obviate the great surplus, without injuring the state of our tinancies, and thus eliminate any chance for extravagance. I believe that is the solution of the problem and that the true Democratic policy would conduce largely to wise econ omy. "With a $2,000,000,000 Congress staring us in the face, it is time to cut down appropriations. A few years ago the country was astounded to find that it had just witnessed 'a bi.lion dollar Congress.' Now two such Con gresses are combined; that is, we have a billion dollar Congress every year in stead of every two years. I do not fa vor a cheese-paring policy,but I think the appropriations of this country are far in excess of the amount they should be." Tne Periods of GroW aa. Children born between September and February are, some authorities state, not as tall as those born In sum mer and spring months, and the growth of children is much more rapid from March till August. The extremities grow rapidly up to the sixteenth year; then there is a slow growth until the thirtieth year. The legs chiefly grow between the tenth and seventeenth years. Comparing the general results, it appears that there are six periods of growth. The first extends up to the sixth or eighth year and is one of very rapid growth; the second period, from eleven to fourteen years. growth is slow; the third period, from sixteen to seventeen; the fourth period shows a slow growvth up to the age of thirty for height. up to fifty for chest girth; the fifth period is one of rest, the sixth a decreasd in the body. A Romnu~ Cure For Consumption. Celsu:s wais a Roman physician whG fiourlihed in the third century. He was a follower of Hippocrates and wrote various books on medicine. One of his prescriptious is for consumption and, strange enough. it is quite in ac crd wvithi modern methods in some re spects. H~e says: "As soon as a ma: inds himself spitting and backi'ng oD rising in the morning he should imme diately take possession of a cow and go high up into the mountains and live' on the fruit of that cow." Although he knew nothing of the cause of phthl sis, he had observed that good living, out of door life, lots of sunshine and an abundance of milk and cream were ab solutely essential as prerequisites for treatment.-.ournal of H'ygiene. A Remarkable shawl. The empress of Russia was once pre sented with a shawl of a remarkable kind. It is contained in a box only a few inches square, in which it fits eas ily, yet when It is shaken out it Is ten yards square. This notable gift was the work of some women weavers in Orenberg, southern Russia. by whom It was presented. The box containing it is of wood, with hinges, hoops and fas tenings of beaten siver. Didn't Need It. A book canvasser went Into a barber shop and asked the proprietor if he could sell him an encyclopedia. "What's that?" asked the barber. "It's a book that contains informa tion onevery subject in the world." There was a victim in the chair, and he put in feebly, "He doesn't need it!" Firt Aid to the Jilted. Tear up photographs of the faithless reature. Figure up how much she was costing you anyway. Burn up her love letters. Reflect npon her numer ous faults. including an always evi dent lack of good judgment If every thing else fails, why just forget her! Syracuse Herald. Making Himself Clear. She-Do you know that lady in the far corner? He-In a way. I have a listening ac quaintance with her. "I don't believe I understand you, "She is my wife."-Sma~rt Set Ho0w He Missed a Bath. Traveler (to hotel clerk)-I want a room and a bath, please. Hotel Clerk-Well. I can give you a room, but I haven't time to give you the bath just now.-Columbia Jester. Hlis Scheme Failed. The Judge (sternlyb--The next per-1 son who interrupts the proceedings will be expelled from the courtroom. The Prisoner (enthusiastically) -- Hooray! Thrown and Captured. A desperate attempt at highway robbery in the centre 01' Johannes-1 burg in South Africa was made Fri day. A couple of men attacked two customs otlicers conveying $25,000 to the bank, and throwing pepper in their eyes, secured the money bags which they threw to a horseman whot galloped off. The horseman in his flight knocked down a man named Brandon, who was fataily injured and soon expired. Subsequently the horse C bolted and unseated its rider, who was then arrested and the money re covered.__________ t pines, according to the President. This is declared in his special message to Congress urging prompt passage of i the Philippine tariff bill now beforejc MAN'S LiTTLE TOE tcientst' beelare That it Is Doonted to an Early End. Eminent scientists assert that the ;mall toe of the human foot will be !rowded out of existence by the end of the presEnt century. Such is the view )f chiropodists generally and of physt ians who have given the matter more than passing consideration, says the [hiladelphia Press. Just as. according to Darwin. the tail vas crowded out of the human bony keleton many ages back because it had ao useful functions to perform. just as the vermiform appendix, the only ap parent function of which is to necessi tate dangerous and expensive opera ions, will eventually find no place in uman anatomy, so, according to pres ?nt Indications, the little toe must ulti mately disappear altogether. Whether or not the big toe is all that is needed in walking and running is a question which has not yet been satis factorily answered, but the fact re mains that athletic instructors and oaches have universally striven to de velop the big toe at the expense of the thers in the training of fast runners and football players, and to that end the shoes have been made so narrow that any possibility of using the little toe has been-precluded. Between the modern method of walk ing and the wearing of tight fitting shoes the little toe is doomed to an ear ly end. Her Blessin=. There is always a possibility that the person whom we regard as a proper object for sympathy may look upon himself in another light. This interest Lng and Instructive surprise often awaits the well meaning bearer of con dolence. - When Mrs. Hastings learned that her old friend, Mrs. Warren, had become "stun deef," she went with a long face to see her. "It must be an awful cross, Laviny," she wrote on the slate which Mrs. War ren presented to her as soon as she was seated. "'Tain't either!" snapped the afflict ed one, who, though deaf, was by no means dumb. "Folks that have got anything to say can write it on that slate, and Henry Warren, that's had to put a curb on his tongue for up ward o' thirty years on account of the high temper he took from his mother's folks, is now able to say anything he likes and no feelings hurt. I count my deafness a real blessing. How's your rheumatism?" Scarce Eggs. The eggs of some common birds of the present day have never been found. There Is the robin snipe; its eggs have never been seen. An English zoologist kept a -man going up and down the coast of Labrador for weeks purposely to get a robin snipe's egg, but it was in vain. The bird Is known by thousands of people, but it breeds so far north and so remote from any civilization that no scientific observer can ever get to its nest ere the young are hatched and have taken to wing. The frigate bird that Is so commonly seen at sea on the Pacific and off the Wesj Indies is such a solitary bird and is so seldom seen in its nest during the hours of day light that its egg is rare. It seems strange, but the eggs of so well known a bird as the sandpiper have never been found and are almost priceless. The Wrong Suggestion. A good planter's wife "befo' de wah" was teaching a jet black house girl, just fourteen and fresh from the plan tation, the letters of the alphabet Betsy had learned the first two, says Harper's Magazine, but always forgot the letter "C." - "Don't you see with your eyes? Can't you remember the word see?" said her mistress. "Yassum," answered Betsy. But she could not. Five minutes later Betsy began again bravely, "A-B"- and there she stopped. "What do you do with your eyes, Betsy?" "I sleeps wit 'em, mis'." The Redwoods. A remarkable peculiarity of the red wood (Sequoia sempervirens) is its man ner of increase, which is from dormant buds at the base of the stump as well as from the seed. When a tree wasI blown down or fell, as its period of ex stence was reached. several shoots pushed upward from the circumference of the stump and, of course, in a circle. These in time became fully grown, six, ten or a dozen feet in diameter. In aft er years, as these trees have fallen, each would have a circle of trees sur rounding it. The Hotel of 2003. Clerk-Michael, are you about through moving those trunks? Porter-Yes, sor, in a few minutes. "Well, when you've finished, stretch the life net over the front pavement. Mrs. Hibawl has just telephoned fronm the top floor that her husband has fall en out of the window."-Smart Set. His Finish. Casey-So Cassidy is engaged to be married. Oi always thought he was a thrifier. Farrell-Well, he thought so himself -till e thrified wid a widow.-Puck. A Cold. There are some things in the world that one can't understand. One is that you catch a cold without trying; that If you let It run It stays with you, and if you stop it It goes away. Proved! "Your son is a philosophical student I hear." "Yes, I believe he is. I can't under stand what he's talking about."-De trit Free Press. Brain Leaks.I Mental dyspepsia is often mistaken r santification. Doubt is a- rough path that may e made snooth by Faith. Some men lend to the poor and magine they are giving to God. It's a wise son who knows he does iot know as much as his father. Advice costs nothing and that is ,e reason men give it so freely. It is safest not to trust too much n a man who does not delight in Never complain about yesterday un i after you have made the best possi Ile use of today. It costs nothing to hope; worry is xpensive because it wastes man's lost valuable possession, time. Some church members drop money ato the contribution box and imagin~e bat they have performed their whole hhristian duty. In the past decade the Methodists i Ireland have increased 11.27 per et, teir number now being 62.000. .-Will M. Mapnin in The om moner. CATCHING CRABS. Choptnklc River Fishers Land Thea by au Zngenious Method. Those who crab for market on the Choptank river. Maryland, have an in genious method of catching crabs In quantity. A rope about the thickness of a clothesline several hundred feet long is kept coiled in a keg. At inter vals of two feet along the entire length of the rope the fisherman has untwisted it and inserted between the strands short pieces of salted eels. The torsion of the strand holds them tightly in place. Each end of the rope has a keg buoy attached, together with a heavy stone. Arriving at the favored place. usually on oyster beds, he throws a keg. overboard and pays out a highly scent ed rope as he sails. When the other end is reached, he anchors it with an other stone and throws out another buoy. After lowering his sail he waits a few minutes, then takes his stand on the bow of his boat. Alongside of him is his landing net. with a handle six feet long. He raises the buoy and stone and, hand over hand, pulls his boat along the line. When a crab, clinging to its refreshment, comes in sight, he seizes his net, dashes it under the crab and flings it into the boat. The ivary crab may loosen his hold and dive for the bottom, but such is the fisher man's dexterity that his net Is swifter than the crab. One seldom gets away. Several hundreds of crabs are often taken at each overhauling of the rope. When he has caught all he wants, he packs them in barrels and sells them to a local dealer, who ships them to mar ket.-Country Life In America. "Doing" Europe In Your Mind. According to a Cairo contemporary, persons who wish to let their friends know that they are "doing" Europe on a princely scale the while they are liv Ing in retirement for a time need only apply to an agency in Paris, which will undertake to send your letters to prac tically any place in Europe you may se lect and there to hav'e them posted for you on any date you may choose. The demand for such an Institution arose out of the absolute horror the Parisian of "high life"' has of being suspected of remaining In Paris or its environs in the bathing season. One feature of the joke is that you can not only get your letters posted from some distant spot. but you can get answers received for you and reposted to your temporary hid ing place. -There are great possibilities for American travelers in this. Why not stay in America and "do" Europe? -New York Tribune. Insurance Has Its Humor. An enterprising insurance agent in duced an L-ishman to take out an acci dent policy for his wife. A few days later while conversing with a.friend In his office he was startled to see the Irishman rush In, brandishing fiercely a stout cane. "Ye rascal!" he yelled, springing to ward the agent "Ye wanter cheat me?" Fortunately the enraged man was disarmed and held fast by the agent-s friend, who was a powerfully built man. The Irishman, struggling to get free, shouted: "Let me git at the spalpeen! Think ov it, chargin' me foive dollars fer an aeshident ticket fer me ole woman, an' she jest broke her leg a-fallin' down shtairs! Wot's the good of the ticket anyhow?" .Male Blushers. One of the most ill founded of ~afl popular~ delusions is that blushing is the special characteristic of the female sex. As a matter of fact, except in the case of very young girls, men blush far more readily than women. The well bred woman never blushes at all, while it is a matter of everyday experience that in the excitement of business or political discussions men's cheeks red den with very little provocation. What ever may have been the case a hun dred years ago, the modern woman shows her emotion notiby blushing, but by turning pale.-London Tatier. Mr 'mematics of Love. "Margo~W" he began, "I have $3,750 in the bank. I own .half interest in a patent churn company that clears $1,-' 700 a year. My salary is$20 aweek, with prospects of a raise to $22. I have an aunt who will leave me twenty-sev en shares of a railway stock now quot-. ed at 53. Tell me, Margaret, will you be mine?" "Wait." sh. replied, "till I get a pen cil." For she never had been good at men tal arithmetic.-Newark News. The Baths of Caraeca-a The Romans appear to have been well off in the matter of bathing places in the first and second centuries . In the baths of Caracalla 1,000 bathers could be accommodated at one time. The inclosed area ~was 360 square yards. but it incltuded a course for foot racing. The bathing establishment was 240 yards in length by 124 wide. The remains of the walls are S and 10 feet thick and in some places as much as 50 feet high. Love Above Par. Towne - Poor fellow! He certainly does love her for all he's worth. Browne - He loved her even more than that today. Towne-How do you mean? 'Browne -He sent her a tea dollar bunch of roses and borrowed the price from me.--Philadelphia Press. Men are like sandwiches -there's nothing in some of them, and the more there is in others the worse they are. Chicago News. For a woman to love some men Is like casting a flower into a sepulcher.-Haw thorne. Bulletin Bubbles. Chcap quilts are not always down. Would Ireland spill without it's ork Dots the landscape o'er-the girl of te period. Dogs generally howl when they are driven to bay. Presenting a stutl'ed animal is a dead give away. Some babies seem to think every day is a legal holler day. It takes a man with nerve to stand a aoman who has "nerves." Evecn a magrician cannot fathom the tricks of a vain coquette. The price of an evening gown is seldom cut as low as its neck-. A colletion of old "saws'' is not sharpened by being tiled away. Never saw a bull in a china shop, but we've seen a cowhide in a store. "No wonder I groan," thought the table, "I'm set upon from all sides." An open countenance is n'ot the one most often open to criticism.-Phila Mnhia nnulen.