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THE BATTLE OF LIFE. WORDS OFCHEER FOR WOMEN WHO HAVE TO WORK. An Honest Indep:rderc Batts-r Than Un congenlai Mstrimoniai Bords- "Every Wise Weman Bnltdeb Utr Own Hom.'' Was His Tex. This sermon of Dr. Talmage is a great encouragement to women who have to earn their own lit'in. as well as to all toilers with hard or Drain; text, Proverbs xiv, 1. Every wise woman buildea her house." Woman a mere a: j inct to man, an appendix to the masculi:e volume, an appendage, a sort of afteri hought, something thrown in to make things even-that is the heresy entertained and implied by some men. This is evident to them because Adam was first created and then Eve. They don't read the whole story, cr they would find that the porpoise and the boar and the hawk were created before Aden, so that his argument, drawn from ; riority of creation, might prove that the sheep and the dog were great er than man. No. Woman was an independent creation and was intend ed, if she chose, to live alone, to work alone, act alone, t-ink alone and fight her battles alone. The Bible says it is not good for man to be alone, but never says it is not good for woman to be alone, and the simple fact is that many women who are harnessed for life in the marriage rela'ion would be a thousandfold better c.ff if ney were alone. Who are these men who year after year hang around hotels and engine houses and theater doors, and came in and out to bother busy clerks and merchants and mechanics, doing noth ing, when there is plenty to do? They are men supported by their wives and mothers. If the statistics of any of our cities could be taken on this sub ject, you would find that a vast mul titude of women not only support themselves, but masculines. A great legion of men amount to nothing, and a woman by marriage manacled to one of these nonenities needs condo lence. A woman standing outside the marriage relation is several hundred thousand times better off than a won an badly married. Many a bride in stead of a wreath of orange blossoms might more properly wear a bunch of nettles and nightshade, and instead of the wedding march a more appr.:priate tune would be the dead march in "Saul," and instead of a banquet of confectionery and ices there might be more appropriately spread a table covered with appl s of Sodom. Many an attractive woman of gocd sound sense in other things has mar ried one of these men to reform him. What was the result? Like when a dove, noticing that a vulture was ra pacious and cruel, set about to reform it, and said, "I have a mild disposi tion and I like peace and was brcught up in the quiet of a dovecot, and I will bring the vulture to the same liking by marrying him." So one day after the vulture declared he would give up his carnivorous habits and cease longing for blocd of flock and herd, at an altar of rock covered with mess and lichen, the twain were mar ried, a bald headed eagle cfficiating, the vulture saying, "With all my do minion of earth and sky I thee endow and promise to love and cherish till death do us part." But one day the dove in her fright saw the vulture busy at a carcass and cried: "Stop that! Did you not promise me that you would quit your carnivorous and ifithy habits if 1 maeried you?" "Yes," said the vulture, "but if you don't like my way you can leave," and with one angry s'roke of the beax and another fierce clutc' the claw the vulture left the dov,. eyeless and wingless and lifeless. And a flock of robbins .iying past cried to each other and said: "tdee there: That comes from a dove marrying a vulture to re form himl" Many a woman who has had the hand of a young inebriate offered, but declined it,or who was asked to chain her life to a man selfish cr of bad tem per and refused the shackles, will bless God throughout all eternity that she escaped that earthly pandemoni um. Besides all this, in our country about 1,000,000 men were sacrificed in our civil war, and that decreed 1,000, 000 women to celibacy. Besides that, since the war several armies of men as large as the Federal and Confeder ate armies put together have fallen under malt liquors and distilled spir its, so full of poisoned ingredients that the work was done more rapidly, and the victims fell while yet young. And if 50,000 men are destroyed every year by strong drink before marriage that makes inthe 33 years since the war 1,650,000 men slain and decrees -1,650,000 women to cehibacy. Take, then, the fact that so many women are unhappy in their marriage, and the fact that the slaughter of 2,550,000 men by war and rumn combined de cides that at least that number of women shall be unaffianced for life, my text comes in with a cheer and a potency and appropriateness that you may never have seen in it before when it says, "Every wise woman buildeth her house"-that is, let wom an be her own architect, lay out her own plans, be her own supervisor, achieve her own destiny. In addressing those women who have to fight the battle alone, I con gratulate you on your happy escape. Rejoice forever that y ou will not have to navigate the f aults of the other sex when you have faults enough of your own. Think of the bereavements you avoid, of the risks of unassimilated temper which you will not have to run, of the cares you will never have to carry and of the opportunity of outside usefulness from which marital life wou.d have partially debarred you, and that you are free to go and come as one wno has the responsibili ties of a household can seldom be. God has not givea y ou a hard lot as compared with your sisters. When young women shall make up their minds at the start that masculine companionship is not a necessity in order to happine ss, and that there is a strong probability that they will have to fight the battle of life alone, they will be, getting the timber ready for their own fortuae and their saw and ax and plane sharpened for its con struction, since "every wise womau buildeth her house." As no boy ought to te brought up without learning scme business at which he could earn a livelhhood, so no girl ought to be brought up with out learning the science of self sup port. The ditiiculty is that many a family goes sailing on the high tides of success and the husband and father depends on nis own health and acu men for the welfare of his household. But one day he gets his feet wet, and in three days paeumonia has closed his life, and the daughters are turned on a edd world to earn bread, and there is nothing practucal that they can do. The frnds comne in and hola consultation- 'Give music lessons," says an outsider. Yes, that is a useful calling, and if you have great genius for it go on in that direcuion. But there are enougn music teachers now starving to death in all our tossns and cities to occupy all the piano stools and sofas and enairs and front door steps of the c-ty. esides that, the daughter has been playing only for amusement and is only at the foot of the ladder, to the top of which a great multitude of masters on piano and barp and flute and organ have climb ed. "Put the bereft daughters as sales women in the stores," says another ad viser. But there they must compete with salesmen of long experience cr with men who have served and ap prenticeship in commerce and who began as shopboys at 10 years of sge. &me kind hearted dry goods man, having known the fatter, now gone, says, "We are not in need of any more help just now, but send your daught ers to my store and I will do as well by them as possible." V ery soon the question comes up, Why do not the female employees of that establish ment get as much wages as the male employees? For the simple reason in many cases the females were suddenly flung by misfortune behind that coun ter, while the males have frcm the day they kft the tublic school been learning the business. How is this evil to be cured' Start clear back in the homestead and teach your daugh'ers that life is an earnest thing, ad that there is a possibility, if not a strong probability, that they will have to fight the battle of life alone. Let every father and mother say to their ds ughters, "Now, what would you do for a livelihocd if what I now own were swept away by finan cial disaster or old age or death should end my career?" "Well, Icculd paint on pottery and do such decorative work " Yes, that is beautiful, and if you have genius for it go on in that direction. But there are enough busy at that now to make a I'ne of hardware as long as yon Pennsylvania avenue. "Well, I could make recitations in public and earn my living as a drama tist; I could render 'King Lear' or 'Macbeth' till your hair would rise on end, or give you 'Sheridan's Ride' or Dickens' 'Pickwick.'" Yes, that is a beautiful art, but ever and anon, as now, there is an epidemic of drama tization that makes hundreds of house holds nervous with the cries and shricks and groans of young tragedin nes dying in the fifth act, and the trouble is that while your friends would like to hear you and really think that you could surpass Ristori and Charlotte Cushman and Fanny Kemble of the past, to say nothing of the present, you could not, in the way of living, in ten years earn 10 cents. My advice to all girls and all un married women, whether in affluent homes or in homes where most streng enteconomies are grinding, is to learn to do some kind of work that the world must have while the world stands. I am glad to see a marvelous change for the better and that women have found out that there are hundreds of practical things that a woman can do for a living if she begins soon enough and that men have been compelled to admit it. You and I can remember when the majority of occupations were thought inappropriate for women, but our civil war came, and the hosts of men went forth from north and south, and to conduct the business of our cities durng the patriotic absence women were demande d by the tens of thous and to take the vacant places, and multitudes of women, who had been hitherto sapported by fathers and brothers and sons, were compelled from that time to take care of them selves. From that time a mighty change took place favorable to fx.male employment. Among the occupations appropriate for woman I place the follo wing, into many of which she has already en tered and all the others she will enter; Stenography, and you may find her at nearly all the reportorial stands in our educational, political and religious meetings. Savings banks, the work elean and honorable, and who so great a right to toil there, for a wo man founded the first savings bank Mrs. Priscilla Wakefield? Copyists, and there is hardly a professional man that does not need the service of her penmanship, and as amanuansis many of the greatest books of our day haebeen dictated for her writing. Teethey are as florists and confec tioners and music teachers and book keepers, for which they are specially qualified by patience and accuracy, and wood engraving, in which the Cooper institute has turned out so many qualified, and telegraphy, for which sne is specially prepared, as thousands of the telegraphic offices will testify. Photography, and in nearly all our establishments they may be found there at cheerful work. As workers in ivory and gutta percha and gum elastic and tortoise shell and gilding, and in chemicals, in procelain, in terra cotta. As postmistresses, and presidents have given them appoint ments all over the land. As proofreaders, as translators, as mdelers, as designers, as draftswo men, as lithographers, as teachers in schools and seminaries, for which they are especially endowed, the first teacher of every child by divine ar rangement being a woman. As physi cians, having graduated after a regu lar course of study from the female colleges of our large cities, where they get as scientific and thorough prepara tion as any doctors ever had and go forth to a work which no one but wo men could so appropriately and deli cately do. On the lecturing plat form, for you know the brilliant suc cess of Mrs. Livermore and Mrs. Hal lowell and Miss Willard and Mrs. Lathrop. As physiological lecturers to their own sex, for which service there is a demand appalling and ter rific. As preachers of the gospel, and all the protests of ecclesiastical courts cannot hinder them, for they have a pathos and a power in their religi ous utterance! that men can never reach. Witness all those who have heard their mother pray. Oh, young women of America, as many of you will have to fight your own battles alone, do not wait until you are flung of disaster and your father is dead and all the resources of your family have been scattered, hut now, while in a good house and en vroned by all prosperities, Larn how to do some kind of work that the world must have as long as the world stands. Turn your attention from the embroidery of fiae slippers, of which thee is a surplus, and make a useful shoe. -Expend the time in which you adorn a c gar case in learning how to make a good, honest loaf of bread. Turn your attention from the making of fimsy nothings to the manufactur ing of important somethings. Much of the time spent in young ladies' seminaries in study ing what are called the "higher tranches" might better be expended in teaching them something by which they could sup pcrt themselves. If you are going to ce teachers, or if y ou have so much assured wealth that you can always dwell in those high regions, trigono metry of course, metaphysics of course, Latin and Greek and German and French and Italian of course, and a hundred other things of course, but if you are not expecting to teach, and your wealth is not established beyond misfortune, after y ou hav'e learned the ordinary branches take hold of that kind of study that will pay in dollars and cents in case you area thrown on your own resources. Learn to do something better than anybody else. "I will not undertake anything so un romantic and commonp'ace as that An excellent author writes that af iei he had, in a book. argued for efflciency in womanly work in order to s-iccess, and positive apprenticeship by way of preparation, a prominent chemist advertised that he would teach a class of women to become druggists and apothecaries if they would gc through an apprenticeship as men dc., and a printer advertised that he wcud take a class of women to learn the printer's trace if they would gc through an apprenticeship as men do, and how many, according to the ac court of the author, do ycu suppose applied to become skilled in the drug gist business and piinting business Not one ! "But," you ask, "what wculd my father and mother say if they sar l was doing such unfashionable work?' Throw the whole responsibility upor us, the pastors, who are constantly hearing of young women in all these cities who, unqualified by their pre vious luxurious surroundings for ihs awful struggle of life into which they have been suddenly hurled, seemed tc have nothing left them but a chcice between starvation and damnation. There they go along the street 7 o'clock in the wintry mornings through the slush and storm to the place where they shall earn only half enough fo subsistance, the daughters of once prosperous merchants, la vyers, cler gymen, artists, bankers and capital ists, who brought up their children under the infernal delusion that it was not high tone for women to learn a profitable calling. Young women, take this affair in your own hand and let there be an insurrection in all pros perous families on the part of the daughters of this day, demanding knowledge in occupations and styles of business by which they may be their own defense and their own sup port if all fatherly and husbandly and bre.therly hands forever fail them. I have seen two sad sights, the one a woman in all the glory of her young life, stricken by disease, and in a week lifeless in a home of which she had been the pride. As her hands were folded over the still heart and her eyes closed for the last slumber and she was taken out amid the lamenta tions of kindred and friends I thought that was a sadness immeasurable. But I have seen something compared with which that scene was bright and song ful. It was a young woman who had been all her days amid wealthy sur roundings by the visit of death and bankruptcy to the household turned out on a cold world without one lesson about how to got food or shelter an d into the awful whirlpool of city life, where strong ships have gone down, and for 20 years not one word has been heard from her. Vessels went out on the Atlantic ocean looking for a shipwrecked craft that was left alone and forsaken on the sea a few weeks before with the ides of bringing it into port. But who shall ever bring again into the harbor of peace and hope and heaven that lost womanly immortal, driven in what tempest, aflame in what conflagration, sinking into what abyss? 0 God, help! 0 Christ, rescue: My sisters, give not your time to learning fancy work which the world may dispense with in hard timeb, but connect your skill with the indispensables of life. The world will always want some thing to wear and something to eat, and shelter and fuel for the body. and knowledge for the mind and religion for the soul. And all these things will continue to be the necessaries,and if you fasten your energies upon oc cupations and professions thus relat ed, the world will be unable to do without you. Remember, that in proportion as you are skillful in any thing your rivalries become less. For unskilled toil there are women by the millions. But you may rise to where there are only thousands, and still higher till there are only 100, and still higher till there are only 10, and still higher, in some particular department till there is only a unit, and that your self. For awhile you may keep wages and a place through the kin-ly sym pathy of an employer, but you will eventually get no more compensation than you can make yourself worth. Let me say to all women who have already entered upon the battle of life that the time is coming when woman shall not only get as much salary and wages as men get, but for certain styies of employment women will have higher salar y and more wages, for the reason that for somne styles of work they have more adaption. But this justice will came to woman not through any sentiment of gallantry, not because woman is physically weaker than man, and therefore ought to have more consideration sho wn her, but because through her finer natural taste and more grace of manner and quicker parception and more delicate touch and more educa'ed adroitness she will, in certain callings, be to her employer worth 10 per cent more or 20 per cent more than the otner sex. Mae will not get it by asking for it, but by earning it, and it shall be hers by lawful conquest. Now, men of America, be fair and ive the women a chance. Are you fraid that they will do some of your work and hence harm your prosperi ies? Remember that there are scores >f thousands of men doing women's work. Do not be afraid. Gad knoas ~he end from the beginning, and he cnows how many people this world an feed and shelter, and when it gets oo full he will end the world, and if eed be start another. God will ha t he inventive faculty, which by pro lucing a machine that will do the work >f 10 or 2O or 100 men and women, will leave that number o' people with yut work. I hope that there will not ,e invented another sewing machine, >r rea ping machine, or crn thrasher, yr any other new machine for the ext 500 years. We want no more wooden hands and iron hands and teel hands and electric hands substi :uted for men and women who would work and get the pay and earn the Livelihood. But God will arrange all, and all we ave to do is to do our best and trust aim for the rest. Let me \cheer all women fighting the battle of 'life alone with the fact of thousands of women who have won the day. Mary Lyon, rounder of Mount Holyoke Femn ale seminary, fought the battle; Adelaide Newton, the tract distributor, alone; 'idelia Fisk, the consE c-ated mission ary, alone; Dorothea Dix, the ant el if the insane asylums. alone; Carc line Herschel, the indispensable reen Forcement of her brother, alone; Ma ia Takerzwska, the heroine of the Berlin hospital, alone; Helen Chal mers, patron of the sewing school for the poor of Edinburgh, alone. And thousands and tens of thousands of women, of whose bravery and sdf sacrfice and glory of chara'car the world has made no record, but whose deeds are in the heavenly archieves of mrtyrs who fcught the battle alone, and though unrecognizrd for the short 30 or 50 or 80 years of their earthly existence shall tt raugh the quintillion ages of the higher world be pointed out with the admiring cry, "These are they who came out of great tribula tion and had their robes washed and maie white in the blood of the Lamb. Let me also say, for the encourage ment of all women fightiug the battle of life alone, that their conflict will soon end. There is one word written om.r the foae of manyofn them, and that word is despair. My sister, you r Ed ppeat to Christ, who comforted the sisters of i> cany in their domes tic trouble, and who in his last hours forot all the pangs of his own hands and feet and heart Ps he locked into the face of maternal anguish and call rd a friend's attention to it, in tub stance saying: "John. I cannot take care of her ny longer. Do for her as I would have don e if I had lived. Be. hold thy mother "' If, under the pres. sure of unr warded work, your hair is whitering and the wrinkles cme, re ice that you are nearing the hour of cscape from your very last fatigue, and ray your departure be as pleasant as that of Isab:lia Graham, who closed her life with a saile and the word peace." The daughter of a regiment in any army is all surrcuaded by bayonets of deftnse, and in tie battle, whcever falls. she is kept safe. And you are tie dauzhter of the regiment c:am mandd by the Lord of Hosts. Af:erall yt u are not fighterg the battle of life alone. All heaven is on your side. You will be wise to appropriate to yourself the words of sacred rhythm: Ose who has known in storms to sail I have on board. Above the roaring of the gale I hear my Lord. lie hold me. When the billows smite I shall not fall. If short. 'til sharp; if ion;, 'tis light. lie tempers all. Tzry Evidently meoan Basiness. At a recen t meeting of the cotton growers of Marlboro County an or ganzition was formed for the purpose of fighting the cottoa seed oil trust. The following by laws was adopted for the government of the asscciatlon: 1. That this organization shall be known as Marlboro Cotton Growers' Protective Assc cration. 2. The membership shall consist of ten cr more delegates from Township Associations. which are to be organ ized by such committees as shall be a: poirnted by the President of this As s -ciarion. 3. That the officers of this Associa tion shall be a President, Vice Presi dent and a Secretary. to be elected an nually on the 3.1 Tuesday in Decem ber in each year. 4. Its purpose is to devise means of reducing the acreage and increasing the price of cotton, and the correction of the evils of speculation and others that oppress the producer. 5. Tnat this Association shall be a part of and shall act in concert with the National Cotton Grower's Associ ion. 6 That meetings shall be held on the 31 Tuesdays in January, Februa ry, Marcb, August and September, in addition to the regular annual meeting on 3d Tuesday in December, and at such other times as may be called by the President. The following preamble and resolu tion was adopted: Whereas, the late Cotton Growers' Convention declared against all trusts and combines, and whereas the cotton oil companies have organized a Trust on cotton seed and meal, fixing prices on both withcut regard to our inter ests, and whereas these articles came at once into the legitimate domain of our revenue from cotton growing, and the control of their Drices is undemo cratic as opposed to Free Trade, there fore be it Resolved, That as the bulk of seed has already pased from our hands at ruinous prices, we deem it advisable not to pay more than $15 per ton for meal delivered. says i1t is Chicken Pcx. On the invitation of the local board of health of Orangeburg Dr. JTas. L Beckett, of Summerville, S. C., ex amnined the cases of eruptive fever at the Colored Normal College, and pro nounces them chicken pox. Here is what he says. Orange burg, S. C., Jan. 14. 1898. I certify that the cases of eruptive fever examined by me at the Colored Mechanical College are ty pical cases of varicella or chicken pox. My con clusior~s are ba-ed on the following symptoms: The eruptions in the eight cases examined are of successive stages of development; in those pus tiales where desquamation has taken place the scars left in the skin are destitute of that peculiar hardness, kernel like, or tubercular elevation which is a distinctive characteristic of smallpt x In smallpox the scab falls off in one solid piece ; thcs3 Ecabs ex amined are coming off in :c ales or fiakes, the eruption in these cases be ing superficial, in the cellular t'ssue olengated, or globate in spots; where, as, smallpox pustules are deep seated with hard unyieloing tases, which nodular or tubercular feeling remains a considerable time efter the patient is up and attending to his duties. The papulae of smallpcx ar:: hard, resisting and movable; in the cases referred to eruptiors are soft, yield under the touch and entirely destitute of the tu bercular hardness. In thenegro after desquamation the eruption, without a single exception, always leaves a cir cumscribed white spot on the surface. In the case of Student Hicks, who is entirely recovered the marks of the eruption are a shade darker ; therefore, in my j dgment, these cases examin ed are chickenoox of an aggravated ty pe. JAMEs L BECKETT, M. D. It is said taat Dr. Beckett is authori ty in such matters, and tnat he has at tende~a hundreds cf cases at various times in the lower part of the State, and is therefore competent to pass an opinion. Determine d to Try 1t. The Washington correspondent of the New York Pcst, a staunch advo cate of the gold standard, says: The mass of the Democratic voters have made up their minds to try the remedy that so many millions of our countrymen upheld in last year's campaign. If the coinage of silver is a fallacious idea, which if carried out, will leaa to disaster, why not settle the matter once and for all by a trial? This is what is going to be done in 1903. This is typical of the opinions om 95 per cent. of the Bryan voters of 18%) as now mressed. State after state in its Demccratic platform has reaffirmed the principles enunciated at Chicago and already plans are on foot f or conducting this year's congression al cam paign; on a distinctly free sil ver basis. It is generally feared here that the reduction of s-ages in Massa cLusetts and Rhode Island in the cot ton industries may wcrk some havc in one or two districts. Bit aside from that New England is regarded as solid and sure for Republicanism. In Oaio, Indiana and Illinois Repub lican losses seem almost unavoidable. North Carolina is another state whcre th~e Repub~icans must expect loases. It is therefore scme:what doubtful if Ithe Repuolicans can carry- the next Icongress, howeaer desirable that they should. If the hcuse be lost the sen ate will be very likely to go with it because so mar y new senators are to be chosen as a result of t is y ea:'selec Ition of si~ate leg'atures. After that Ithe rext great battle would come for the control of the Demccratic national c-nverction, and in case the par ty had won acuse and senate on the sil ver issue they would by no possibility give it up on entering the presidential WHAT THE DEFICIT IS. A STUDY ON RECEIP'S AND EXPEN DIT URES The Figures In the Problem of How..'ouih Carolina Sands With the World and Herse'f -An Interesting 5tatemenr. There are few things more interest ing to the citizmns of this State during these times than their income. Oae of these few things is their outgo. A constant quautity enter ing into the calculations of the outgo is the taxes What the State has collected from her citizens is studied clcsely by the psyers. They may have value receiv ed for their money, but they seek for cheaper protection and care as they seek cheapershoes and cheaper plows. The total receipts of the State has b:en $2.253 076 06; the total expendi tt~-s $2 193 156 47, These amounts contain items that do not belong to funds available for use of the State Governmert, and therefore cannot really be called re ceipts and expenditures as we are dis cussiog ih-m. These are: RECEIPTS. State dispensary..................$1.117,00) 31 State dispensary school......... 50,000 00 Sinking fund commission...... 2:.004 tI Sinking fund for reduction.... 126,77S 51 Morrill fuid....................... 2100) C Downer fund....................... 24 57 Privilege tax on fertilizers..... 59,352 23 Direct tax fund................... .1 4 1 30 Permanent State school fund.. ,03 :31 Phosphate royalty......-......... 10:700 25 Clemson college bequest........ 9 41 Total receipts................... $1,451,25 72 EXPENDITURES. Clemson privilege tax..........: 60,G00 00 Sinking fund commission........ 3,648 60 Sinking fund for reduction...... 39,002 09 Morrill fund........................ 23,610 61 Permanent State school fund.... 967 28 State dispensary....................1,1:32.070 24 Direct tax fund.................... 1.::93 69 Direct tax fun I icterest and penalty ........................... 529 47 Downer fund......................., 41 41 Total expenditures............$1,261,893 39 The receipts available for uses of the state government for 1897 ara as fol lows: General taxes........................$677,0:14 25 General fund, dispensary.......... 88,500 40 Sale of Contitution S. C.......... 15 72 Sale of acts......... ......... 382 85 Sale of general statutes............. 100 35 Fees secretary of state............. 3,831 30 Fees incorporation of towns...... 200 00 Fees annual insurance license... 11.200 00 Fees additional....................... 5,640 82 Fees governor's office............... 5 00 Refunds-Clemson college......... 10,000 00 Refunds-Stationery.............. 65 75 Refunds-Pensions.................. 1,953 90 Refund-State A. & I. soc.,........ 2,400 00 Docket fees attorney general...... G0 00 Total receipts....................... F01,790 :34 ExPENDITUREs. Governor's office. Salary.....................$8,000 00 Private secretary....... 1,350 00 Messenger ............... 400 00 Conting't fund........... 4,051 71 Stationery, etc........... 300 00 $9,101 71 Secretary of State. Salary.....................$1,900 00 - Clerk...................... 1,350 00 Conting't fund........... 200 00 Stationery, etc........:35Q 00 $3,S00 00 Comptroller General. Salary...............$1,900 00 Chief clerk......... 1,400 00 Bookkeeper...... 1,500 00 Pension clerk........586 00 Contingent fund... 00 00 Stationery, etc........:30) 00 Printing.............279 77 $65 77 State Treasurer. Salary..............51,900 00 Clerk................ 1,350 00. Bookkeeper....... 1,3.50 00 Bookkeeper...... .. 1,350 00 Contingent fund...171 33 Stationery and stampd 177 1.5 $0,449 48 Superintendent Education. Salary..............$1,900 00 Clerk................ 900 00 Contingent fund...... 74 71 Stationery. etc........ 142 79 Printing..............495~ ,5 Traveling expenses... 300 00 Board examiners...265 50 54.079 0.5 Attorney General. Salary..............$1,900 00 Assistant............1,350 00 Contingent fund...150 00 Stationary, etc........ 7500 Expenses............ S76 S7 51,351 S7 Adjutant and Inspector General. Salary.............. $1.200 00 Clerk............... 909 00 Armorer............. 400 00 Contingent fund...159) 00 Stationery............200 00 Inspection............ 500 00 $3.350 00 State Librarian. Salary...............$ 8'00 00 Contingent fund....1253 00 Stationery, etc..... 225 00 Books................. 53 00 $1,203 00 State H ouse Commission, 2 Watchmen......................$ S00 00 Janitor.............................1I16 '7T Engineer..........................6050 00) 2 Firemen.........................:350 00 Contingent ....................... 100 00 Lighting ground................. 2,577 30 Lighting basement.............. 147 54 Fuel............................... 900 00 Repairs, house.................... 710 64 Repairs, basement................. 49 $6 - $6,732 01 Judicial Department. Chief justice....................$ 4,000t 00 3 associate justices............ 9,200) 0 8 circuit judges................. 26,7:3 $2 S circuit solicitors.............. 11,:;87 50 8 circuit stenogr aphers.......... 10,000 C0 State reporter................... 900 O00 Clerk supreme court..............800 00 Librarian................... . 800J 0J M1essenger......................... 200 00 Attendant.......................... 200 00 Contingent........................ 500 00 Purchase books.................. 509 00 Purchase reports................. 1,S00 00 $66,991 32 Health Department. Salary health officers Charleston, Georgetown end Lazaretta....$ 2,000 00 Salary health officers Port Royal, St. Helena, keeper hospital Port Royal..........................1 1,) 00 Repairs on building St. Helena and Port Royal............. 0 00t M1aintaining quarantine....... 1,000Ott Board health................... . 2,50 00 Tax Department. Salary county auditors...........412*0 09 Printing books................ ... 1,57 538 Expenses settlements8.............. 30J 00 $26,195 67 Educational Institutions South Carolina college.........$ 25,000 00 Military academy.............. 21 ,700 00 Colored normal and industrial college........................ 7,0 ''3 3 Institute deaf, dumb and blin... 21450 C0 Winthrop......................... :*,50 00 Miscellaneous, Penitentiary salaries............5,t 00 Hospital for the insane..........11'.,500 00 Phosphate commission......... 1,93 26 Railroad commission.......... l'.400 00 Catawba Indians.............. 80 00 Legislative expenses............ 51,'51' Pubhe printing...................1 11: M Boards registration...............14,.1 7 J. E. Breazale, codifier............14030 t Advertising notices election... 7: Messengers of elections........ 1hMi 20 ' Commissioners and managers election......................... 4:3 05 Loans State Soutn Carolina, in cluding interest...............:51,47 17 Pension claims..................102.537 65 Pension stationary and stamps... 150 00. Interest on public debt including agricultural college stock...28::271 11 Repairs and improvements on governor's mansion..............".. 65 4 Expenses paying interest, N. Y.... 77 67 Refuni taxes treasurcr! .... .. i; Water for puL'ic building in Co. lumbis . .........................., 2.0) C0 Maintaining mili:ia ................ s.u Ili) I E.uminin g hocks, state treasurer's of!ce and ccmpntroilergeneral's oliice 1 % ........ ................... :n i 0 ' Claiub passe-l .......................... 1 2 'remiums for excellence state fair 2. It) 00 Joint resolutions ....................... 6 55 .Joint resolutions 10).................... --~ M Joint resolutions I11................... : o2": Bintiing revised statutes............ I:;1 0I Printinz bonds and stock ... 1.(0l ( 0 Redemprion brown consuls.......... 2:- 21 Supervi or of registration salary, Nov. an I lice. l 5............... 4J .-' Coufelerate hi-:orian ................. 5 0 I Confederate Roll U..................... ::1:; 20 Confederate Rolis 1. 0..:............ 02 4 The grard total of all rrc ipts of the State amcuntto $2 253 076 C6. anti the cssh balance all u'd: Janury 1, 1S97, :377 :392 50 : total $2,630.465 5t; the tot-I amount of expenditures $2,14,i56 47: cash in state treasury, accordiue to comptroller general's books, $1,7,312 (::; total, $,63),46S 56 The comptroller's warrants outstand ion-not yet received by the treasurer's cilice for payment-amount to $2 106 30. This amcunt added to the cash on hand given above, is the cash in the treasurers F ar d, 439 41S 39. Now to strip down the ratte to an intelligible basis. The cash on band. availlabie ftr use for the expenditures o 1897 v as not $377,392 50: that in cudt s other fur ds not available fcr use such es sinking fund money, etc. We have the following funds, availa ble for use in 1897. Cash on hand..........$261,101 77. Rhceipts available...... 801790 34 Tot al...............$1,062 892 11 Expenditures lrcm this. 931.263 OS Apparent balance........131,620 03 This apparent bslance is still not correct. The item of collected taxes eneral fund in the receipts include '285,13121 of taxes of 1897. This amcunt forms part of the funds to be appropriated by the present general assembly. It was taken from the in cnirg year to fill up a deficit in the outgoing. Subtracting the apparent balance X131,629 (3 from the unauthorized ex pen diture of $235,13121, you ascertain that the States defic.t has been $153, 50218. TAXES OF COUNTIES. WHAT 'HE FEOPLE MUST PAY THIS YEAR. Estimated Expansas Of the ocmmlesion era of the Varion. counties of the state for the Present FIscal Year. It will be a matter of great interest to taxpayers to know what they may be expected to pay into the general coffer. The following are the esti mates of county expenses as furnished the comptroller general by the boards of commissioners of the various coun Lies of the state for the ensuing fiscal year: Abbeville, ordinary county purposes three mills; for past indebtedness, i. Total, three and one half mills. Aiken county. ordinary county pur poses, three mills; for past indebted ness, one half. Total, three and a half mills. Anderson county, ordinary county purposes, three mills; for past indebt edness, one mill. Total, four mills. Bamburg county, ordinary county prposes, three mills. Cbarleston county, total expendi tures estimated at $52 660,000. No estimate is given as to the rate. Cherokee county, ordinary county urposes, three mills; road tax, one iill; indebtedness, Dray tonsville and Gowdeysville, one mill; indebtedness, Limestone, White Plains, Cherokee, Nos. land 2, one-half mill; interest on railroad bonds, for Dray tonsville and Gowdevsville, two mills; sinking fund railroad bonds one and three-quarter mills- interest on railroad bonds, one and a quarter mills; sinking fund rail road bo'nds for Limestone, White Plains and Cherokee, one mill; inter est on railroad bonds, Cherokee No. 1, two mills; for Spartanburg jail, etc., oe half mill. Chester county, or dinary county pur oses, five mills; interest railroad bonds, five-sixths of a mill; indebted. ness, one and one sixth mills. Chesterfield county, ordinary coun ty pur poses, seven mills; interest rail road bonds, one-fourth mill; indebted ness, one and 1h-ee quarter mills. Total, nine mil's. Clarendon county, for ordinary county purposes, four and a half mills Darlington county. for ordinary county purposes three mills; special road ta x, one halt mill; for robuilding court bouse (if we are allowed to re build); one mill. Dorchester county, for ordinary county purposes, three mills; for inter est on bonds, one half mill; indebted tess, two and a half mills. Total, six mills. Edgefield county, for ecounty pur poses, fire mills; past indebtedness, ne and a quarter mills. Total, six ad a quarter mills. Fairtield county, for ordinary coun :y four mills; indebtedness, one mill. rotal, five mills. Florence county, for county pur1 oses, four and a quarter mills; in lebtedness, one-halt mill. Total, four Ld three quarter mills. Georgetown county, ordinary coun ;y, six mills; indebtedness, two mills. Cotal, eight mills. Greenwocd county, ordinary coun-1 *y, two and three quarter mills; in lebtedness, one mill. Total, three td three quarter mills Hamp'.on county, ordinary county,I ie mills. Horr-y county, ordinary county, five 2 Ld a quarter mills; in the townships< i Conway, B3bro, Green Sea, impson Creek, four mills to pay in- I erest on railroad bonds and balance I o found a sinking fund for the re-t emption of bonds. Kershaw county, ordinary county, our mills; interest on railroad bonds,t wo at d a half mills. Laneas:er county, ordinary county, i ive and three quarter mills; interest t n railroad bonds, L. and C. railroad, lu-ee mills; Pleasant Hill townzshio, r or interest on railroad bonds (0 R. und C. R R ). three mills; Gill's Cree k t ownhip, interest on railroad bonds, 1 0. R. andl C. R. R ), four and th?-ee a ourth mills. L~xington county, fc rordinary pur y oses, three mills; for past indebted tess, half a mill. Total, three and a b taf mills; Broad River and Saluda ownship interest on railroad oot ds, j o arnd one qaarter mills; retiringi airoads bonds, one mill; attorneys' u es, one and a quarter mills. TotaJ. e our and one-haif mills. Fork to n i, itarest on railroad bond-. two t alis: retiring railroad bouds, one ill: attoueys' fees, one and one ourth mills. Totsl, four and one - ourth mills. Marion c-unty. ordinary cou:A tyur ses, three arAd three-'curth md~ls; rast indebtedness, one miil. To~al, our nd three fourth mills. New berry co-unty, ordinary cunty, e bree mills; intet est on railroad bends, d ree-eightnls of a miii; past indebtec- n ess, fie emonths of a mill.v Orangeburg county, total $17 000. i alo sairl hy the r-ounty supermn vio that the courts en le run on cett:ir Gent fuLds if disrcns2ry ;. not to badly cripuld. The bcard snks for levy of two and one half nils for o: dimary expernes ar d one half miii fo past ircebted1Ess. Ozor.e? ccanty, or dinTry three r( three fourtb nills; foricterest on rail road 1 nds, ore m7l; for sinking turd one mill :new jai, one half rill; o past i;d-tdn. a:re half m lTo tel. se'vex and one :a mills. Ucio'n county, ordina'r, four mills interest on railroad bord, two ard r q uirter mill: ; sic king fund, tso nills roads, otse ru; past iodebted ass, one fourth mi I. TotsL, riLte a.d one hal n i's. Wi'llimsur ccourty. ordinary four end three-fourth mils Y rk county, orivinary, three and or e hai L i ; in'erest on retirir o railrod b2nds, one mil.; for ait in debt-d os, oie .~s mill. Tonal, five r2 ills. TL e Co'unty comm~rissioners of Yuri: cunty also recomnmend that a specisl 1 vy be mide in the following townh:ips in said county to pay the interest on the bonds issued by the said tonzhics in avi of the C. C. and C. R. i. to wit: In C'ata vba township, a special [eny of thrTe malls on the dollar. In Ebenz>- township, a special levy of two un1ls on the dollar. In Y. k township, a special levy ni fie nills on the d' liar to pay the in -rett on the Y)rk township bonde, and the ralance of the B P. Dickin son judgmieut againss said to:.nship. THE FARMERS MUST ORGAN'ZE. an Ex Editor ci th, UJta;n Plant fl Pleased With the N.w Management. Editor Cotton Plant: I contess tardiness in fulfilling my romise to ycu and to myself to write somthing for the columns of the Cot. .on Plant. My tardiness has not been wholly without excuse, however. My ime has been full, as you may well magine with an energetic contest for ny seat to several cotton grow':rs ccn rentions to attend as delegate, and an .lliance warehouse matter in my own tunty in addition to my regrlar Con ;ressional duties. Then, too, there cas been no lack of wholesome and easonable matter in your columns to ;uggest need of a contribution from te or anyone beside your regular contributors. Not only has there been ibundance of good matter suitable to he needs and taste of the special con tituance you cater; for, but there has been matter suitable for people gen trally-for instruction, for suggestion, 'or entertainment. Under these cir :umstances is it surprising that there was little difficulty in persuading my elf into a postponemnt of what as rumed atcost the aspect of a duty. Now, that I have started, you may have to invoke the sense or duty to stop. In most of us, particularly those who write occasionally, the starting sense is clearer and more sc-ively as sertive than the stopping sense. What aver may be lacking in my other senses, however, I have sense enough to take a Irierdly hint, without of Tense, when I am talking too mucb, sc you need not hesitate to give me the wink whenever it seems timely. I w h particularly to congratulate you upon the enterprise display ed in respect to the several cotton growers :onventions held recently. I don't understand the apparent in ifference of many of our home p.1pers to these efforts of cur farzners to hiel :hemselves in a period of sore distress [s it because they have no faith in the neasures proposed, or disapprove thess nessures, or lsck sympathy with the farmers distress? 1 am loth to believe :hey lack sympathy, and yet as mat :ers stand, it might be worth while for these papers to explain their real attitude toward this effort of the fsrm rrs to organize for defense. If they don't sy mpathize with the distress oi their subscr bers why don't they s ey so? If they have valid objections to the propcsitionzs under considerations why don't they state them by discus~ lion and help to make better plans! rhe farmers shculd ask why this is, thus. -I will give you right here, Mr Eii :or, a lite private tip-:and now aL] you cotton growers lisien, for I nm coing to let the editor pass it down tc ~ou. We did not pnblish all we did tt Atlanta and at Memphis. It wou'd nave been uranifestly unwise to do so. [t would have given the gamblerI ~omething to chew on and plan for. Did you notice at the close or the re port of the ccmmittee on resolutions, >f which I v as chairman an innocent looking little pros ision fcr a Bureau >! Informatior ? Well, thereby l angt a tale which it is not expedient, now b, tn'olding of that tale sill come Lter. Taose charged with that ma: :er will act wisely, I doubt not. Let is farmers now prccied to organize thoroughly as suggestLd in the report md be in shape to reccive the unfold .ng of that tale with benefit to our ~eives and confusion to our parasite mnemics. Plartt abadant provision rrops for man and beast, ~and after nakirg sure on this point, raise all he cottou we can, but make sure on his point. The orgarization is cf nf st mportance, however. It was gratifying to me to have the adorsement of both conventions for ny anti-gambling bnil. If all toe people nierested will demand the passage of bis bill it will pass beyond a doubt. ~othing short of this bil.l, or sirne hing like it. will strike down the ambling in e >ttonl which lies at the cot of iow prices. ()ner expedients vill prove helpfull, but they are only xoedients, makeshifts, so long as the aproot of the ;rouble remains. The Gliances shouldi send in their de. cands for some such legislation-it is >ne of their original demands. I re )at if the p~ople interested in better >rices for cotton and other agricultu A produce s wili mak-e known their emand for legitiation in shape for tse before the committee on agrical ure they will get what they want. f tlhey are indillhrenlt, we who are rying to get tue needed relief will be andicapped at the start But I did not start out to discuss his q'estion, Mr. E litcr. yet what nore vital question is there for us to iecuss? There is a cry of distress is. ne land over ion piims of cotton Vhy no: discuss that which is upp r aost in mine If I have derttd too much space io ce cotton lituStion, my excuse is that am deeply in earr.est. Oar pe'ople -em in strls;. They are reaching ut in crer; direciton for a he'ing and My mail is ii cded with ap es's 'or relief. I sincerely desi-e to 1lp. I have studied the problem e a problem iu alzebra, and think haye the~ otion. in the bill I I a're atroduc" Bat: Iam ready to work, pan any an . evers line that p -o' sany renCi. Antd now, Mr. EJite-r, lest I crc0s a ead ine" if Ilay a.:ther wcri, hid you God speed. and comimeno our erforts to toe farmners of the tate. Yours for relie'. J. WMt EToKES, 0:. n ;tburg, S. C. D) e 25,3J yus New- York Herald has discover . a patrict in Atat.;ma who has been rawing forty ic-ur I~easions in the ames of widowvs and not his own idows. either. He slippd up ad ae himself away by taking onj Royal makes the food pure. wholesome and delicidms. IK POWDER Absolutely Pure RCYAL EAKRi POwCER CO., ?.EW YORK. THE UNLY oAFEGUAkD. Taere is no Dang.r Irom Small Pcx it You Are Vrccrated. There see.s to be a differerce of opinion among the medical fraterinty as to whiherthe cases of eruptive fever that have cccurred at Greenville, Spartantu-g, Rock Hill, Orangeburg and other places is the State is a mild form of smallpox or an aggravated fo m of chicken; ox. Withoutunder taking to decide the question in dis pute among the gentleme a of the medi cal fraternity, we tnii kit be! t to be on the safe side, and therefore advise all who have not already done so to get vaccinated at once. If it is small-pox this is the only safeguard against it, and if it is chickenncx, being vacci nated will not hurt any one. The Greenville News says it is not a hard ship to be vaccinated-it may be in convenient for the time, but when it is remembered that it is the unqualiEed conclusion of small pox experts and scientists that vaccination is the only known prevention of the disease, the inconvenience should be forgotten and all should seek to be vaccinated. Ex periments have been made which are startling in their results. In 18S5 Dr. W. M. Welch delivered an address te fore the I hiladelphia Medical society in which he detailed a number of ex p riments made by small-pox experts with vaccination. He related the fol lowing: Dr. Benjamin Waterhouse, profes sor of theory and practice of medicine in Harvard college, inoculated one of his sons, 5 years of age. Ina few days after, he vaccinated five other of his children, among them an infant 1 year old. Within two months after this vaccination he sent the six chil chidren to the small-pox hospital at Brookline, wnere they were not only freely exposed to the contagion of small-pcx but they were also inocu lated with variolous matter. The only result from this crucial test was a very slight irritation at the p ints of the insert'on of the virus; tnere was no constitutional disturbance whatever. Dr. Welch in the same address gives the results of an experiment by the board of health of Bus'.on. A comn mittee of seven of the most reputable physicians of that city vaccinated nineteen children at the health office. Within three months af ter the vaccina .ion these children where sent to Nod - dle's Island, a small-pox station, and were twice inceulated with variolous matter, besides being e xposeli for twenty days to the ccntagioa, without manifesting the slightest indisposition. The committee of physicians who carefully watched the development of this exueriment, made the following report 'so the -board of health: "i ae cow pox prevented their tak ing she sm all-p x and they do there fore %ensider tne result of the experi ment as satisfactory evidence thas the cow pox is a ccmplete security against the small-pox" The foregoing faco, showing the value of vaccin ation should remove a ay doubts as to the necessity of using t ais means for preventing a loathsome disease; but another and more remark able ilmustration was given by Dr. Welsh wnich settles the q testion and removes all objection to vaccination. The same committee cf physiciarns of Bcston made an experiment which is almost romantic in its details and sho wed nerve and heroism on the part of one of the parties to the experiment. It was deter mined to find some wo man with an infant who would be willing for the child to bc vaccinated and herself have the small-pox. The woman was found and she heroical y cffnred herself and child for the ex periment. The infant was vaccinated arnd forty-eight hours afterwaras its mother was inoculated with small pox. Here is wahat Dr. Welch says': " Ihe kine-pcx went on regularly in the cbild, and so did the small-pax in the mother who sucided the calid a'l the time. The mother had a consider aule number of ps u'es on ner body, face and tress's; one or tso of whica were kept raw by the tender lips of the infant while suckiag; and yet the child appeared as well though the whbole process as if is had nos been nursed oy a person si if aring under m all-p >x. It may be of interest to know who Dr. Welch is arnd what right he has to speak with authority. He was for several y ears pj sician in cr.arge of the mun:cipai smail-pox hospital of Paila deiphia snd probably has hao as much txperieLce in handling small pox is any physician living or dead. it is the duty of every cit.zen to be vacci nated. Why ? Let Dr. Welch azswer. " It is necessary to thoroughJy pro t et the individual and cor-muity." A F'oi's L-glc. 1n the same column a c~rtain organ tells the workiogmtan that if he votes for Bryan he wil vo:e 47 percet-t of his wsges into the pockets of mine owners, and that ne w'ill vote to dc preciate not only the silvr dollar but all the carrency to 53 cents on the dol ar. How can free siver coinage pus~ 47 per cent. of eaca dollar c list d into~ tne pccket of. the silver miner and at the same time recutee the valu- of the silver dollar ad all the currency d pendent upcn it to the value cf 53 cente? Any schooltoy can figure out that if the value of the silver dollar depre ciates to 53 cents o: any thing 1:ss than its face value tre mniner cannut make 47 cents by its free cc iaas:e at the minats. O:, to put it t'ae other way, if tae miner mages 47 eents, the veiS of the silver dollar wil: have to be raised to the value of the ys rsent gold dolla', in which c ase tht re will be no depreciati ,n of the correcey. The gold standard advocate can take his choice of al:ernatives, but not both. This is a fair sample of the kind of logic with which the go'dite agents are flooding the country. It uroceecs on the assumption that the workur g men are fcls. THERE are heroes and heroes, but the Ohio mana who recently eloped with his motner-in law is entitled to the cake for being at the head of the