The Manning times. (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, January 26, 1898, Image 4
THE BATTLE OF LIFE.
WORDS OFCHEER FOR WOMEN WHO
HAVE TO WORK.
An Honest Indep:rderc Batts-r Than Un
congenlai Mstrimoniai Bords- "Every
Wise Weman Bnltdeb Utr Own Hom.''
Was His Tex.
This sermon of Dr. Talmage is a
great encouragement to women who
have to earn their own lit'in. as well
as to all toilers with hard or Drain;
text, Proverbs xiv, 1. Every wise
woman buildea her house."
Woman a mere a: j inct to man, an
appendix to the masculi:e volume,
an appendage, a sort of afteri hought,
something thrown in to make things
even-that is the heresy entertained
and implied by some men. This is
evident to them because Adam was
first created and then Eve. They don't
read the whole story, cr they would
find that the porpoise and the boar
and the hawk were created before
Aden, so that his argument, drawn
from ; riority of creation, might prove
that the sheep and the dog were great
er than man. No. Woman was an
independent creation and was intend
ed, if she chose, to live alone, to work
alone, act alone, t-ink alone and fight
her battles alone. The Bible says it is
not good for man to be alone, but
never says it is not good for woman to
be alone, and the simple fact is that
many women who are harnessed for
life in the marriage rela'ion would be
a thousandfold better c.ff if ney were
alone.
Who are these men who year after
year hang around hotels and engine
houses and theater doors, and came in
and out to bother busy clerks and
merchants and mechanics, doing noth
ing, when there is plenty to do? They
are men supported by their wives and
mothers. If the statistics of any of
our cities could be taken on this sub
ject, you would find that a vast mul
titude of women not only support
themselves, but masculines. A great
legion of men amount to nothing, and
a woman by marriage manacled to
one of these nonenities needs condo
lence. A woman standing outside the
marriage relation is several hundred
thousand times better off than a won
an badly married. Many a bride in
stead of a wreath of orange blossoms
might more properly wear a bunch of
nettles and nightshade, and instead of
the wedding march a more appr.:priate
tune would be the dead march in
"Saul," and instead of a banquet of
confectionery and ices there might be
more appropriately spread a table
covered with appl s of Sodom.
Many an attractive woman of gocd
sound sense in other things has mar
ried one of these men to reform him.
What was the result? Like when a
dove, noticing that a vulture was ra
pacious and cruel, set about to reform
it, and said, "I have a mild disposi
tion and I like peace and was brcught
up in the quiet of a dovecot, and I
will bring the vulture to the same
liking by marrying him." So one day
after the vulture declared he would
give up his carnivorous habits and
cease longing for blocd of flock and
herd, at an altar of rock covered with
mess and lichen, the twain were mar
ried, a bald headed eagle cfficiating,
the vulture saying, "With all my do
minion of earth and sky I thee endow
and promise to love and cherish till
death do us part." But one day the
dove in her fright saw the vulture
busy at a carcass and cried: "Stop
that! Did you not promise me that
you would quit your carnivorous and
ifithy habits if 1 maeried you?" "Yes,"
said the vulture, "but if you don't
like my way you can leave," and
with one angry s'roke of the beax
and another fierce clutc' the claw
the vulture left the dov,. eyeless and
wingless and lifeless. And a flock of
robbins .iying past cried to each other
and said: "tdee there: That comes
from a dove marrying a vulture to re
form himl"
Many a woman who has had the
hand of a young inebriate offered, but
declined it,or who was asked to chain
her life to a man selfish cr of bad tem
per and refused the shackles, will
bless God throughout all eternity that
she escaped that earthly pandemoni
um.
Besides all this, in our country
about 1,000,000 men were sacrificed in
our civil war, and that decreed 1,000,
000 women to celibacy. Besides that,
since the war several armies of men
as large as the Federal and Confeder
ate armies put together have fallen
under malt liquors and distilled spir
its, so full of poisoned ingredients
that the work was done more rapidly,
and the victims fell while yet young.
And if 50,000 men are destroyed every
year by strong drink before marriage
that makes inthe 33 years since the
war 1,650,000 men slain and decrees
-1,650,000 women to cehibacy. Take,
then, the fact that so many women
are unhappy in their marriage, and
the fact that the slaughter of 2,550,000
men by war and rumn combined de
cides that at least that number of
women shall be unaffianced for life,
my text comes in with a cheer and a
potency and appropriateness that you
may never have seen in it before
when it says, "Every wise woman
buildeth her house"-that is, let wom
an be her own architect, lay out her
own plans, be her own supervisor,
achieve her own destiny.
In addressing those women who
have to fight the battle alone, I con
gratulate you on your happy escape.
Rejoice forever that y ou will not have
to navigate the f aults of the other sex
when you have faults enough of your
own. Think of the bereavements you
avoid, of the risks of unassimilated
temper which you will not have to
run, of the cares you will never have
to carry and of the opportunity of
outside usefulness from which marital
life wou.d have partially debarred
you, and that you are free to go and
come as one wno has the responsibili
ties of a household can seldom be.
God has not givea y ou a hard lot as
compared with your sisters. When
young women shall make up their
minds at the start that masculine
companionship is not a necessity in
order to happine ss, and that there is a
strong probability that they will have
to fight the battle of life alone, they
will be, getting the timber ready for
their own fortuae and their saw and
ax and plane sharpened for its con
struction, since "every wise womau
buildeth her house."
As no boy ought to te brought up
without learning scme business at
which he could earn a livelhhood, so
no girl ought to be brought up with
out learning the science of self sup
port. The ditiiculty is that many a
family goes sailing on the high tides
of success and the husband and father
depends on nis own health and acu
men for the welfare of his household.
But one day he gets his feet wet, and
in three days paeumonia has closed
his life, and the daughters are turned
on a edd world to earn bread, and
there is nothing practucal that they
can do. The frnds comne in and hola
consultation- 'Give music lessons,"
says an outsider. Yes, that is a useful
calling, and if you have great genius
for it go on in that direcuion. But
there are enougn music teachers now
starving to death in all our tossns and
cities to occupy all the piano stools
and sofas and enairs and front door
steps of the c-ty. esides that, the
daughter has been playing only for
amusement and is only at the foot of
the ladder, to the top of which a great
multitude of masters on piano and
barp and flute and organ have climb
ed.
"Put the bereft daughters as sales
women in the stores," says another ad
viser. But there they must compete
with salesmen of long experience cr
with men who have served and ap
prenticeship in commerce and who
began as shopboys at 10 years of sge.
&me kind hearted dry goods man,
having known the fatter, now gone,
says, "We are not in need of any more
help just now, but send your daught
ers to my store and I will do as well by
them as possible." V ery soon the
question comes up, Why do not the
female employees of that establish
ment get as much wages as the male
employees? For the simple reason in
many cases the females were suddenly
flung by misfortune behind that coun
ter, while the males have frcm the
day they kft the tublic school been
learning the business.
How is this evil to be cured' Start
clear back in the homestead and teach
your daugh'ers that life is an earnest
thing, ad that there is a possibility,
if not a strong probability, that they
will have to fight the battle of life
alone. Let every father and mother
say to their ds ughters, "Now, what
would you do for a livelihocd if what
I now own were swept away by finan
cial disaster or old age or death should
end my career?"
"Well, Icculd paint on pottery and
do such decorative work " Yes, that
is beautiful, and if you have genius
for it go on in that direction. But
there are enough busy at that now to
make a I'ne of hardware as long as
yon Pennsylvania avenue.
"Well, I could make recitations in
public and earn my living as a drama
tist; I could render 'King Lear' or
'Macbeth' till your hair would rise on
end, or give you 'Sheridan's Ride' or
Dickens' 'Pickwick.'" Yes, that is a
beautiful art, but ever and anon, as
now, there is an epidemic of drama
tization that makes hundreds of house
holds nervous with the cries and
shricks and groans of young tragedin
nes dying in the fifth act, and the
trouble is that while your friends
would like to hear you and really
think that you could surpass Ristori
and Charlotte Cushman and Fanny
Kemble of the past, to say nothing
of the present, you could not, in the
way of living, in ten years earn 10
cents.
My advice to all girls and all un
married women, whether in affluent
homes or in homes where most streng
enteconomies are grinding, is to learn
to do some kind of work that the world
must have while the world stands. I
am glad to see a marvelous change
for the better and that women have
found out that there are hundreds of
practical things that a woman can do
for a living if she begins soon enough
and that men have been compelled to
admit it. You and I can remember
when the majority of occupations were
thought inappropriate for women, but
our civil war came, and the hosts of
men went forth from north and south,
and to conduct the business of our cities
durng the patriotic absence women
were demande d by the tens of thous
and to take the vacant places, and
multitudes of women, who had been
hitherto sapported by fathers and
brothers and sons, were compelled
from that time to take care of them
selves. From that time a mighty
change took place favorable to fx.male
employment.
Among the occupations appropriate
for woman I place the follo wing, into
many of which she has already en
tered and all the others she will enter;
Stenography, and you may find her
at nearly all the reportorial stands in
our educational, political and religious
meetings. Savings banks, the work
elean and honorable, and who so
great a right to toil there, for a wo
man founded the first savings bank
Mrs. Priscilla Wakefield? Copyists,
and there is hardly a professional
man that does not need the service of
her penmanship, and as amanuansis
many of the greatest books of our day
haebeen dictated for her writing.
Teethey are as florists and confec
tioners and music teachers and book
keepers, for which they are specially
qualified by patience and accuracy,
and wood engraving, in which the
Cooper institute has turned out so
many qualified, and telegraphy, for
which sne is specially prepared, as
thousands of the telegraphic offices
will testify. Photography, and in
nearly all our establishments they
may be found there at cheerful work.
As workers in ivory and gutta percha
and gum elastic and tortoise shell and
gilding, and in chemicals, in procelain,
in terra cotta. As postmistresses, and
presidents have given them appoint
ments all over the land.
As proofreaders, as translators, as
mdelers, as designers, as draftswo
men, as lithographers, as teachers in
schools and seminaries, for which they
are especially endowed, the first
teacher of every child by divine ar
rangement being a woman. As physi
cians, having graduated after a regu
lar course of study from the female
colleges of our large cities, where they
get as scientific and thorough prepara
tion as any doctors ever had and go
forth to a work which no one but wo
men could so appropriately and deli
cately do. On the lecturing plat
form, for you know the brilliant suc
cess of Mrs. Livermore and Mrs. Hal
lowell and Miss Willard and Mrs.
Lathrop. As physiological lecturers
to their own sex, for which service
there is a demand appalling and ter
rific. As preachers of the gospel, and
all the protests of ecclesiastical courts
cannot hinder them, for they have
a pathos and a power in their religi
ous utterance! that men can never
reach. Witness all those who have
heard their mother pray.
Oh, young women of America, as
many of you will have to fight your
own battles alone, do not wait until
you are flung of disaster and your
father is dead and all the resources of
your family have been scattered, hut
now, while in a good house and en
vroned by all prosperities, Larn how
to do some kind of work that the world
must have as long as the world
stands. Turn your attention from the
embroidery of fiae slippers, of which
thee is a surplus, and make a useful
shoe. -Expend the time in which you
adorn a c gar case in learning how to
make a good, honest loaf of bread.
Turn your attention from the making
of fimsy nothings to the manufactur
ing of important somethings.
Much of the time spent in young
ladies' seminaries in study ing what are
called the "higher tranches" might
better be expended in teaching them
something by which they could sup
pcrt themselves. If you are going to
ce teachers, or if y ou have so much
assured wealth that you can always
dwell in those high regions, trigono
metry of course, metaphysics of course,
Latin and Greek and German and
French and Italian of course, and a
hundred other things of course, but if
you are not expecting to teach, and
your wealth is not established beyond
misfortune, after y ou hav'e learned the
ordinary branches take hold of that
kind of study that will pay in dollars
and cents in case you area thrown on
your own resources. Learn to do
something better than anybody else.
"I will not undertake anything so un
romantic and commonp'ace as that
An excellent author writes that af iei
he had, in a book. argued for efflciency
in womanly work in order to s-iccess,
and positive apprenticeship by
way of preparation, a prominent
chemist advertised that he would teach
a class of women to become druggists
and apothecaries if they would gc
through an apprenticeship as men dc.,
and a printer advertised that he wcud
take a class of women to learn the
printer's trace if they would gc
through an apprenticeship as men do,
and how many, according to the ac
court of the author, do ycu suppose
applied to become skilled in the drug
gist business and piinting business
Not one !
"But," you ask, "what wculd my
father and mother say if they sar l
was doing such unfashionable work?'
Throw the whole responsibility upor
us, the pastors, who are constantly
hearing of young women in all these
cities who, unqualified by their pre
vious luxurious surroundings for ihs
awful struggle of life into which they
have been suddenly hurled, seemed tc
have nothing left them but a chcice
between starvation and damnation.
There they go along the street 7 o'clock
in the wintry mornings through the
slush and storm to the place where
they shall earn only half enough fo
subsistance, the daughters of once
prosperous merchants, la vyers, cler
gymen, artists, bankers and capital
ists, who brought up their children
under the infernal delusion that it was
not high tone for women to learn a
profitable calling. Young women,
take this affair in your own hand and
let there be an insurrection in all pros
perous families on the part of the
daughters of this day, demanding
knowledge in occupations and styles
of business by which they may be
their own defense and their own sup
port if all fatherly and husbandly and
bre.therly hands forever fail them. I
have seen two sad sights, the one a
woman in all the glory of her young
life, stricken by disease, and in a week
lifeless in a home of which she had
been the pride. As her hands were
folded over the still heart and her
eyes closed for the last slumber and
she was taken out amid the lamenta
tions of kindred and friends I thought
that was a sadness immeasurable. But
I have seen something compared with
which that scene was bright and song
ful. It was a young woman who had
been all her days amid wealthy sur
roundings by the visit of death and
bankruptcy to the household turned
out on a cold world without one lesson
about how to got food or shelter an d
into the awful whirlpool of city life,
where strong ships have gone down,
and for 20 years not one word has
been heard from her. Vessels went
out on the Atlantic ocean looking for
a shipwrecked craft that was left alone
and forsaken on the sea a few weeks
before with the ides of bringing it
into port. But who shall ever bring
again into the harbor of peace and
hope and heaven that lost womanly
immortal, driven in what tempest,
aflame in what conflagration, sinking
into what abyss? 0 God, help! 0
Christ, rescue: My sisters, give not
your time to learning fancy work
which the world may dispense with
in hard timeb, but connect your skill
with the indispensables of life.
The world will always want some
thing to wear and something to eat,
and shelter and fuel for the body. and
knowledge for the mind and religion
for the soul. And all these things
will continue to be the necessaries,and
if you fasten your energies upon oc
cupations and professions thus relat
ed, the world will be unable to do
without you. Remember, that in
proportion as you are skillful in any
thing your rivalries become less. For
unskilled toil there are women by the
millions. But you may rise to where
there are only thousands, and still
higher till there are only 100, and still
higher till there are only 10, and still
higher, in some particular department
till there is only a unit, and that your
self. For awhile you may keep wages
and a place through the kin-ly sym
pathy of an employer, but you will
eventually get no more compensation
than you can make yourself worth.
Let me say to all women who have
already entered upon the battle of life
that the time is coming when woman
shall not only get as much salary and
wages as men get, but for certain
styies of employment women will
have higher salar y and more wages,
for the reason that for somne styles of
work they have more adaption. But
this justice will came to woman not
through any sentiment of gallantry,
not because woman is physically
weaker than man, and therefore ought
to have more consideration sho wn her,
but because through her finer natural
taste and more grace of manner and
quicker parception and more delicate
touch and more educa'ed adroitness
she will, in certain callings, be to her
employer worth 10 per cent more or
20 per cent more than the otner sex.
Mae will not get it by asking for it, but
by earning it, and it shall be hers by
lawful conquest.
Now, men of America, be fair and
ive the women a chance. Are you
fraid that they will do some of your
work and hence harm your prosperi
ies? Remember that there are scores
>f thousands of men doing women's
work. Do not be afraid. Gad knoas
~he end from the beginning, and he
cnows how many people this world
an feed and shelter, and when it gets
oo full he will end the world, and if
eed be start another. God will ha t
he inventive faculty, which by pro
lucing a machine that will do the work
>f 10 or 2O or 100 men and women,
will leave that number o' people with
yut work. I hope that there will not
,e invented another sewing machine,
>r rea ping machine, or crn thrasher,
yr any other new machine for the
ext 500 years. We want no more
wooden hands and iron hands and
teel hands and electric hands substi
:uted for men and women who would
work and get the pay and earn the
Livelihood.
But God will arrange all, and all we
ave to do is to do our best and trust
aim for the rest. Let me \cheer all
women fighting the battle of 'life alone
with the fact of thousands of women
who have won the day. Mary Lyon,
rounder of Mount Holyoke Femn ale
seminary, fought the battle; Adelaide
Newton, the tract distributor, alone;
'idelia Fisk, the consE c-ated mission
ary, alone; Dorothea Dix, the ant el
if the insane asylums. alone; Carc
line Herschel, the indispensable reen
Forcement of her brother, alone; Ma
ia Takerzwska, the heroine of the
Berlin hospital, alone; Helen Chal
mers, patron of the sewing school for
the poor of Edinburgh, alone. And
thousands and tens of thousands of
women, of whose bravery and sdf
sacrfice and glory of chara'car the
world has made no record, but whose
deeds are in the heavenly archieves of
mrtyrs who fcught the battle alone,
and though unrecognizrd for the short
30 or 50 or 80 years of their earthly
existence shall tt raugh the quintillion
ages of the higher world be pointed
out with the admiring cry, "These are
they who came out of great tribula
tion and had their robes washed and
maie white in the blood of the Lamb.
Let me also say, for the encourage
ment of all women fightiug the battle
of life alone, that their conflict will
soon end. There is one word written
om.r the foae of manyofn them, and
that word is despair. My sister, you
r Ed ppeat to Christ, who comforted
the sisters of i> cany in their domes
tic trouble, and who in his last hours
forot all the pangs of his own hands
and feet and heart Ps he locked into
the face of maternal anguish and call
rd a friend's attention to it, in tub
stance saying: "John. I cannot take
care of her ny longer. Do for her as
I would have don e if I had lived. Be.
hold thy mother "' If, under the pres.
sure of unr warded work, your hair is
whitering and the wrinkles cme, re
ice that you are nearing the hour of
cscape from your very last fatigue,
and ray your departure be as pleasant
as that of Isab:lia Graham, who closed
her life with a saile and the word
peace."
The daughter of a regiment in any
army is all surrcuaded by bayonets of
deftnse, and in tie battle, whcever
falls. she is kept safe. And you are
tie dauzhter of the regiment c:am
mandd by the Lord of Hosts. Af:erall
yt u are not fighterg the battle of life
alone. All heaven is on your side.
You will be wise to appropriate to
yourself the words of sacred rhythm:
Ose who has known in storms to sail
I have on board.
Above the roaring of the gale
I hear my Lord.
lie hold me. When the billows smite
I shall not fall.
If short. 'til sharp; if ion;, 'tis light.
lie tempers all.
Tzry Evidently meoan Basiness.
At a recen t meeting of the cotton
growers of Marlboro County an or
ganzition was formed for the purpose
of fighting the cottoa seed oil trust.
The following by laws was adopted
for the government of the asscciatlon:
1. That this organization shall be
known as Marlboro Cotton Growers'
Protective Assc cration.
2. The membership shall consist of
ten cr more delegates from Township
Associations. which are to be organ
ized by such committees as shall be
a: poirnted by the President of this As
s -ciarion.
3. That the officers of this Associa
tion shall be a President, Vice Presi
dent and a Secretary. to be elected an
nually on the 3.1 Tuesday in Decem
ber in each year.
4. Its purpose is to devise means of
reducing the acreage and increasing
the price of cotton, and the correction
of the evils of speculation and others
that oppress the producer.
5. Tnat this Association shall be a
part of and shall act in concert with
the National Cotton Grower's Associ
ion.
6 That meetings shall be held on
the 31 Tuesdays in January, Februa
ry, Marcb, August and September, in
addition to the regular annual meeting
on 3d Tuesday in December, and at
such other times as may be called by
the President.
The following preamble and resolu
tion was adopted:
Whereas, the late Cotton Growers'
Convention declared against all trusts
and combines, and whereas the cotton
oil companies have organized a Trust
on cotton seed and meal, fixing prices
on both withcut regard to our inter
ests, and whereas these articles came
at once into the legitimate domain of
our revenue from cotton growing, and
the control of their Drices is undemo
cratic as opposed to Free Trade, there
fore be it
Resolved, That as the bulk of seed
has already pased from our hands at
ruinous prices, we deem it advisable
not to pay more than $15 per ton for
meal delivered.
says i1t is Chicken Pcx.
On the invitation of the local board
of health of Orangeburg Dr. JTas. L
Beckett, of Summerville, S. C., ex
amnined the cases of eruptive fever at
the Colored Normal College, and pro
nounces them chicken pox. Here is
what he says.
Orange burg, S. C., Jan. 14. 1898.
I certify that the cases of eruptive
fever examined by me at the Colored
Mechanical College are ty pical cases
of varicella or chicken pox. My con
clusior~s are ba-ed on the following
symptoms: The eruptions in the
eight cases examined are of successive
stages of development; in those pus
tiales where desquamation has taken
place the scars left in the skin
are destitute of that peculiar hardness,
kernel like, or tubercular elevation
which is a distinctive characteristic of
smallpt x In smallpox the scab falls
off in one solid piece ; thcs3 Ecabs ex
amined are coming off in :c ales or
fiakes, the eruption in these cases be
ing superficial, in the cellular t'ssue
olengated, or globate in spots; where,
as, smallpox pustules are deep seated
with hard unyieloing tases, which
nodular or tubercular feeling remains
a considerable time efter the patient
is up and attending to his duties. The
papulae of smallpcx ar:: hard, resisting
and movable; in the cases referred to
eruptiors are soft, yield under the
touch and entirely destitute of the tu
bercular hardness. In thenegro after
desquamation the eruption, without a
single exception, always leaves a cir
cumscribed white spot on the surface.
In the case of Student Hicks, who is
entirely recovered the marks of the
eruption are a shade darker ; therefore,
in my j dgment, these cases examin
ed are chickenoox of an aggravated
ty pe. JAMEs L BECKETT, M. D.
It is said taat Dr. Beckett is authori
ty in such matters, and tnat he has at
tende~a hundreds cf cases at various
times in the lower part of the State,
and is therefore competent to pass an
opinion.
Determine d to Try 1t.
The Washington correspondent of
the New York Pcst, a staunch advo
cate of the gold standard, says:
The mass of the Democratic voters
have made up their minds to try the
remedy that so many millions of our
countrymen upheld in last year's
campaign. If the coinage of silver is
a fallacious idea, which if carried out,
will leaa to disaster, why not settle
the matter once and for all by a trial?
This is what is going to be done in
1903. This is typical of the opinions
om 95 per cent. of the Bryan voters of
18%) as now mressed. State after
state in its Demccratic platform has
reaffirmed the principles enunciated at
Chicago and already plans are on foot
f or conducting this year's congression
al cam paign; on a distinctly free sil
ver basis. It is generally feared here
that the reduction of s-ages in Massa
cLusetts and Rhode Island in the cot
ton industries may wcrk some havc
in one or two districts. Bit aside
from that New England is regarded
as solid and sure for Republicanism.
In Oaio, Indiana and Illinois Repub
lican losses seem almost unavoidable.
North Carolina is another state whcre
th~e Repub~icans must expect loases.
It is therefore scme:what doubtful if
Ithe Repuolicans can carry- the next
Icongress, howeaer desirable that they
should. If the hcuse be lost the sen
ate will be very likely to go with it
because so mar y new senators are to
be chosen as a result of t is y ea:'selec
Ition of si~ate leg'atures. After that
Ithe rext great battle would come for
the control of the Demccratic national
c-nverction, and in case the par ty had
won acuse and senate on the sil
ver issue they would by no possibility
give it up on entering the presidential
WHAT THE DEFICIT IS.
A STUDY ON RECEIP'S AND EXPEN
DIT URES
The Figures In the Problem of How..'ouih
Carolina Sands With the World and
Herse'f -An Interesting 5tatemenr.
There are few things more interest
ing to the citizmns of this State during
these times than their income. Oae of
these few things is their outgo. A
constant quautity enter ing into the
calculations of the outgo is the taxes
What the State has collected from
her citizens is studied clcsely by the
psyers. They may have value receiv
ed for their money, but they seek for
cheaper protection and care as they
seek cheapershoes and cheaper plows.
The total receipts of the State has
b:en $2.253 076 06; the total expendi
tt~-s $2 193 156 47,
These amounts contain items that
do not belong to funds available for
use of the State Governmert, and
therefore cannot really be called re
ceipts and expenditures as we are dis
cussiog ih-m. These are:
RECEIPTS.
State dispensary..................$1.117,00) 31
State dispensary school......... 50,000 00
Sinking fund commission...... 2:.004 tI
Sinking fund for reduction.... 126,77S 51
Morrill fuid....................... 2100) C
Downer fund....................... 24 57
Privilege tax on fertilizers..... 59,352 23
Direct tax fund................... .1 4 1 30
Permanent State school fund.. ,03 :31
Phosphate royalty......-......... 10:700 25
Clemson college bequest........ 9 41
Total receipts................... $1,451,25 72
EXPENDITURES.
Clemson privilege tax..........: 60,G00 00
Sinking fund commission........ 3,648 60
Sinking fund for reduction...... 39,002 09
Morrill fund........................ 23,610 61
Permanent State school fund.... 967 28
State dispensary....................1,1:32.070 24
Direct tax fund.................... 1.::93 69
Direct tax fun I icterest and
penalty ........................... 529 47
Downer fund......................., 41 41
Total expenditures............$1,261,893 39
The receipts available for uses of the
state government for 1897 ara as fol
lows:
General taxes........................$677,0:14 25
General fund, dispensary.......... 88,500 40
Sale of Contitution S. C.......... 15 72
Sale of acts......... ......... 382 85
Sale of general statutes............. 100 35
Fees secretary of state............. 3,831 30
Fees incorporation of towns...... 200 00
Fees annual insurance license... 11.200 00
Fees additional....................... 5,640 82
Fees governor's office............... 5 00
Refunds-Clemson college......... 10,000 00
Refunds-Stationery.............. 65 75
Refunds-Pensions.................. 1,953 90
Refund-State A. & I. soc.,........ 2,400 00
Docket fees attorney general...... G0 00
Total receipts....................... F01,790 :34
ExPENDITUREs.
Governor's office.
Salary.....................$8,000 00
Private secretary....... 1,350 00
Messenger ............... 400 00
Conting't fund........... 4,051 71
Stationery, etc........... 300 00 $9,101 71
Secretary of State.
Salary.....................$1,900 00 -
Clerk...................... 1,350 00
Conting't fund........... 200 00
Stationery, etc........:35Q 00 $3,S00 00
Comptroller General.
Salary...............$1,900 00
Chief clerk......... 1,400 00
Bookkeeper...... 1,500 00
Pension clerk........586 00
Contingent fund... 00 00
Stationery, etc........:30) 00
Printing.............279 77 $65 77
State Treasurer.
Salary..............51,900 00
Clerk................ 1,350 00.
Bookkeeper....... 1,3.50 00
Bookkeeper...... .. 1,350 00
Contingent fund...171 33
Stationery and stampd 177 1.5 $0,449 48
Superintendent Education.
Salary..............$1,900 00
Clerk................ 900 00
Contingent fund...... 74 71
Stationery. etc........ 142 79
Printing..............495~ ,5
Traveling expenses... 300 00
Board examiners...265 50 54.079 0.5
Attorney General.
Salary..............$1,900 00
Assistant............1,350 00
Contingent fund...150 00
Stationary, etc........ 7500
Expenses............ S76 S7 51,351 S7
Adjutant and Inspector General.
Salary.............. $1.200 00
Clerk............... 909 00
Armorer............. 400 00
Contingent fund...159) 00
Stationery............200 00
Inspection............ 500 00 $3.350 00
State Librarian.
Salary...............$ 8'00 00
Contingent fund....1253 00
Stationery, etc..... 225 00
Books................. 53 00 $1,203 00
State H ouse Commission,
2 Watchmen......................$ S00 00
Janitor.............................1I16 '7T
Engineer..........................6050 00)
2 Firemen.........................:350 00
Contingent ....................... 100 00
Lighting ground................. 2,577 30
Lighting basement.............. 147 54
Fuel............................... 900 00
Repairs, house.................... 710 64
Repairs, basement................. 49 $6
- $6,732 01
Judicial Department.
Chief justice....................$ 4,000t 00
3 associate justices............ 9,200) 0
8 circuit judges................. 26,7:3 $2
S circuit solicitors.............. 11,:;87 50
8 circuit stenogr aphers.......... 10,000 C0
State reporter................... 900 O00
Clerk supreme court..............800 00
Librarian................... . 800J 0J
M1essenger......................... 200 00
Attendant.......................... 200 00
Contingent........................ 500 00
Purchase books.................. 509 00
Purchase reports................. 1,S00 00
$66,991 32
Health Department.
Salary health officers Charleston,
Georgetown end Lazaretta....$ 2,000 00
Salary health officers Port Royal,
St. Helena, keeper hospital Port
Royal..........................1 1,) 00
Repairs on building St. Helena
and Port Royal............. 0 00t
M1aintaining quarantine....... 1,000Ott
Board health................... . 2,50 00
Tax Department.
Salary county auditors...........412*0 09
Printing books................ ... 1,57 538
Expenses settlements8.............. 30J 00
$26,195 67
Educational Institutions
South Carolina college.........$ 25,000 00
Military academy.............. 21 ,700 00
Colored normal and industrial
college........................ 7,0 ''3 3
Institute deaf, dumb and blin... 21450 C0
Winthrop......................... :*,50 00
Miscellaneous,
Penitentiary salaries............5,t 00
Hospital for the insane..........11'.,500 00
Phosphate commission......... 1,93 26
Railroad commission.......... l'.400 00
Catawba Indians.............. 80 00
Legislative expenses............ 51,'51'
Pubhe printing...................1 11: M
Boards registration...............14,.1 7
J. E. Breazale, codifier............14030 t
Advertising notices election... 7:
Messengers of elections........ 1hMi 20 '
Commissioners and managers
election......................... 4:3 05
Loans State Soutn Carolina, in
cluding interest...............:51,47 17
Pension claims..................102.537 65
Pension stationary and stamps... 150 00.
Interest on public debt including
agricultural college stock...28::271 11
Repairs and improvements on
governor's mansion..............".. 65 4
Expenses paying interest, N. Y.... 77 67
Refuni taxes treasurcr! .... .. i;
Water for puL'ic building in Co.
lumbis . .........................., 2.0) C0
Maintaining mili:ia ................ s.u Ili) I
E.uminin g hocks, state treasurer's
of!ce and ccmpntroilergeneral's
oliice 1 % ........ ................... :n i 0 '
Claiub passe-l .......................... 1 2
'remiums for excellence state fair 2. It) 00
Joint resolutions ....................... 6 55
.Joint resolutions 10).................... --~ M
Joint resolutions I11................... : o2":
Bintiing revised statutes............ I:;1 0I
Printinz bonds and stock ... 1.(0l ( 0
Redemprion brown consuls.......... 2:- 21
Supervi or of registration salary,
Nov. an I lice. l 5............... 4J .-'
Coufelerate hi-:orian ................. 5 0 I
Confederate Roll U..................... ::1:; 20
Confederate Rolis 1. 0..:............ 02 4
The grard total of all rrc ipts of the
State amcuntto $2 253 076 C6. anti the
cssh balance all u'd: Janury 1, 1S97,
:377 :392 50 : total $2,630.465 5t;
the tot-I amount of expenditures
$2,14,i56 47: cash in state treasury,
accordiue to comptroller general's
books, $1,7,312 (::; total, $,63),46S 56
The comptroller's warrants outstand
ion-not yet received by the treasurer's
cilice for payment-amount to $2 106
30. This amcunt added to the cash on
hand given above, is the cash in the
treasurers F ar d, 439 41S 39.
Now to strip down the ratte to an
intelligible basis. The cash on band.
availlabie ftr use for the expenditures
o 1897 v as not $377,392 50: that in
cudt s other fur ds not available fcr
use such es sinking fund money, etc.
We have the following funds, availa
ble for use in 1897.
Cash on hand..........$261,101 77.
Rhceipts available...... 801790 34
Tot al...............$1,062 892 11
Expenditures lrcm this. 931.263 OS
Apparent balance........131,620 03
This apparent bslance is still not
correct. The item of collected taxes
eneral fund in the receipts include
'285,13121 of taxes of 1897. This
amcunt forms part of the funds to be
appropriated by the present general
assembly. It was taken from the in
cnirg year to fill up a deficit in the
outgoing.
Subtracting the apparent balance
X131,629 (3 from the unauthorized ex
pen diture of $235,13121, you ascertain
that the States defic.t has been $153,
50218.
TAXES OF COUNTIES.
WHAT 'HE FEOPLE MUST PAY THIS
YEAR.
Estimated Expansas Of the ocmmlesion
era of the Varion. counties of the state
for the Present FIscal Year.
It will be a matter of great interest
to taxpayers to know what they may
be expected to pay into the general
coffer. The following are the esti
mates of county expenses as furnished
the comptroller general by the boards
of commissioners of the various coun
Lies of the state for the ensuing fiscal
year:
Abbeville, ordinary county purposes
three mills; for past indebtedness, i.
Total, three and one half mills.
Aiken county. ordinary county pur
poses, three mills; for past indebted
ness, one half. Total, three and a half
mills.
Anderson county, ordinary county
purposes, three mills; for past indebt
edness, one mill. Total, four mills.
Bamburg county, ordinary county
prposes, three mills.
Cbarleston county, total expendi
tures estimated at $52 660,000. No
estimate is given as to the rate.
Cherokee county, ordinary county
urposes, three mills; road tax, one
iill; indebtedness, Dray tonsville and
Gowdeysville, one mill; indebtedness,
Limestone, White Plains, Cherokee,
Nos. land 2, one-half mill; interest on
railroad bonds, for Dray tonsville and
Gowdevsville, two mills; sinking fund
railroad bonds one and three-quarter
mills- interest on railroad bonds, one
and a quarter mills; sinking fund rail
road bo'nds for Limestone, White
Plains and Cherokee, one mill; inter
est on railroad bonds, Cherokee No. 1,
two mills; for Spartanburg jail, etc.,
oe half mill.
Chester county, or dinary county pur
oses, five mills; interest railroad
bonds, five-sixths of a mill; indebted.
ness, one and one sixth mills.
Chesterfield county, ordinary coun
ty pur poses, seven mills; interest rail
road bonds, one-fourth mill; indebted
ness, one and 1h-ee quarter mills.
Total, nine mil's.
Clarendon county, for ordinary
county purposes, four and a half mills
Darlington county. for ordinary
county purposes three mills; special
road ta x, one halt mill; for robuilding
court bouse (if we are allowed to re
build); one mill.
Dorchester county, for ordinary
county purposes, three mills; for inter
est on bonds, one half mill; indebted
tess, two and a half mills. Total, six
mills.
Edgefield county, for ecounty pur
poses, fire mills; past indebtedness,
ne and a quarter mills. Total, six
ad a quarter mills.
Fairtield county, for ordinary coun
:y four mills; indebtedness, one mill.
rotal, five mills.
Florence county, for county pur1
oses, four and a quarter mills; in
lebtedness, one-halt mill. Total, four
Ld three quarter mills.
Georgetown county, ordinary coun
;y, six mills; indebtedness, two mills.
Cotal, eight mills.
Greenwocd county, ordinary coun-1
*y, two and three quarter mills; in
lebtedness, one mill. Total, three
td three quarter mills
Hamp'.on county, ordinary county,I
ie mills.
Horr-y county, ordinary county, five 2
Ld a quarter mills; in the townships<
i Conway, B3bro, Green Sea,
impson Creek, four mills to pay in- I
erest on railroad bonds and balance I
o found a sinking fund for the re-t
emption of bonds.
Kershaw county, ordinary county,
our mills; interest on railroad bonds,t
wo at d a half mills.
Laneas:er county, ordinary county, i
ive and three quarter mills; interest t
n railroad bonds, L. and C. railroad,
lu-ee mills; Pleasant Hill townzshio, r
or interest on railroad bonds (0 R.
und C. R R ). three mills; Gill's Cree k t
ownhip, interest on railroad bonds, 1
0. R. andl C. R. R ), four and th?-ee a
ourth mills.
L~xington county, fc rordinary pur y
oses, three mills; for past indebted
tess, half a mill. Total, three and a b
taf mills; Broad River and Saluda
ownship interest on railroad oot ds, j
o arnd one qaarter mills; retiringi
airoads bonds, one mill; attorneys' u
es, one and a quarter mills. TotaJ. e
our and one-haif mills. Fork to n
i, itarest on railroad bond-. two t
alis: retiring railroad bouds, one
ill: attoueys' fees, one and one
ourth mills. Totsl, four and one -
ourth mills.
Marion c-unty. ordinary cou:A tyur
ses, three arAd three-'curth md~ls;
rast indebtedness, one miil. To~al,
our nd three fourth mills.
New berry co-unty, ordinary cunty, e
bree mills; intet est on railroad bends, d
ree-eightnls of a miii; past indebtec- n
ess, fie emonths of a mill.v
Orangeburg county, total $17 000.
i alo sairl hy the r-ounty supermn vio
that the courts en le run on cett:ir
Gent fuLds if disrcns2ry ;. not to
badly cripuld. The bcard snks for
levy of two and one half nils for o:
dimary expernes ar d one half miii fo
past ircebted1Ess.
Ozor.e? ccanty, or dinTry three r(
three fourtb nills; foricterest on rail
road 1 nds, ore m7l; for sinking turd
one mill :new jai, one half rill; o
past i;d-tdn. a:re half m lTo
tel. se'vex and one :a mills.
Ucio'n county, ordina'r, four mills
interest on railroad bord, two ard r
q uirter mill: ; sic king fund, tso nills
roads, otse ru; past iodebted ass, one
fourth mi I. TotsL, riLte a.d one hal
n i's.
Wi'llimsur ccourty. ordinary
four end three-fourth mils
Y rk county, orivinary, three and
or e hai L i ; in'erest on retirir o
railrod b2nds, one mil.; for ait in
debt-d os, oie .~s mill. Tonal, five
r2 ills. TL e Co'unty comm~rissioners of
Yuri: cunty also recomnmend that a
specisl 1 vy be mide in the following
townh:ips in said county to pay the
interest on the bonds issued by the
said tonzhics in avi of the C. C. and
C. R. i. to wit:
In C'ata vba township, a special
[eny of thrTe malls on the dollar.
In Ebenz>- township, a special
levy of two un1ls on the dollar.
In Y. k township, a special levy ni
fie nills on the d' liar to pay the in
-rett on the Y)rk township bonde,
and the ralance of the B P. Dickin
son judgmieut againss said to:.nship.
THE FARMERS MUST ORGAN'ZE.
an Ex Editor ci th, UJta;n Plant fl
Pleased With the N.w Management.
Editor Cotton Plant:
I contess tardiness in fulfilling my
romise to ycu and to myself to write
somthing for the columns of the Cot.
.on Plant. My tardiness has not been
wholly without excuse, however. My
ime has been full, as you may well
magine with an energetic contest for
ny seat to several cotton grow':rs ccn
rentions to attend as delegate, and an
.lliance warehouse matter in my own
tunty in addition to my regrlar Con
;ressional duties. Then, too, there
cas been no lack of wholesome and
easonable matter in your columns to
;uggest need of a contribution from
te or anyone beside your regular
contributors. Not only has there been
ibundance of good matter suitable to
he needs and taste of the special con
tituance you cater; for, but there has
been matter suitable for people gen
trally-for instruction, for suggestion,
'or entertainment. Under these cir
:umstances is it surprising that there
was little difficulty in persuading my
elf into a postponemnt of what as
rumed atcost the aspect of a duty.
Now, that I have started, you may
have to invoke the sense or duty to
stop. In most of us, particularly those
who write occasionally, the starting
sense is clearer and more sc-ively as
sertive than the stopping sense. What
aver may be lacking in my other
senses, however, I have sense enough
to take a Irierdly hint, without of
Tense, when I am talking too mucb, sc
you need not hesitate to give me the
wink whenever it seems timely.
I w h particularly to congratulate
you upon the enterprise display ed in
respect to the several cotton growers
:onventions held recently.
I don't understand the apparent in
ifference of many of our home p.1pers
to these efforts of cur farzners to hiel
:hemselves in a period of sore distress
[s it because they have no faith in the
neasures proposed, or disapprove thess
nessures, or lsck sympathy with the
farmers distress? 1 am loth to believe
:hey lack sympathy, and yet as mat
:ers stand, it might be worth while
for these papers to explain their real
attitude toward this effort of the fsrm
rrs to organize for defense. If they
don't sy mpathize with the distress oi
their subscr bers why don't they s ey
so? If they have valid objections to
the propcsitionzs under considerations
why don't they state them by discus~
lion and help to make better plans!
rhe farmers shculd ask why this is,
thus.
-I will give you right here, Mr Eii
:or, a lite private tip-:and now aL]
you cotton growers lisien, for I nm
coing to let the editor pass it down tc
~ou. We did not pnblish all we did
tt Atlanta and at Memphis. It wou'd
nave been uranifestly unwise to do so.
[t would have given the gamblerI
~omething to chew on and plan for.
Did you notice at the close or the re
port of the ccmmittee on resolutions,
>f which I v as chairman an innocent
looking little pros ision fcr a Bureau
>! Informatior ? Well, thereby l angt
a tale which it is not expedient, now
b, tn'olding of that tale sill come
Lter. Taose charged with that ma:
:er will act wisely, I doubt not. Let
is farmers now prccied to organize
thoroughly as suggestLd in the report
md be in shape to reccive the unfold
.ng of that tale with benefit to our
~eives and confusion to our parasite
mnemics. Plartt abadant provision
rrops for man and beast, ~and after
nakirg sure on this point, raise all
he cottou we can, but make sure on
his point. The orgarization is cf nf st
mportance, however.
It was gratifying to me to have the
adorsement of both conventions for
ny anti-gambling bnil. If all toe people
nierested will demand the passage of
bis bill it will pass beyond a doubt.
~othing short of this bil.l, or sirne
hing like it. will strike down the
ambling in e >ttonl which lies at the
cot of iow prices. ()ner expedients
vill prove helpfull, but they are only
xoedients, makeshifts, so long as the
aproot of the ;rouble remains. The
Gliances shouldi send in their de.
cands for some such legislation-it is
>ne of their original demands. I re
)at if the p~ople interested in better
>rices for cotton and other agricultu
A produce s wili mak-e known their
emand for legitiation in shape for
tse before the committee on agrical
ure they will get what they want.
f tlhey are indillhrenlt, we who are
rying to get tue needed relief will be
andicapped at the start
But I did not start out to discuss
his q'estion, Mr. E litcr. yet what
nore vital question is there for us to
iecuss? There is a cry of distress is.
ne land over ion piims of cotton
Vhy no: discuss that which is upp r
aost in mine
If I have derttd too much space io
ce cotton lituStion, my excuse is that
am deeply in earr.est. Oar pe'ople
-em in strls;. They are reaching
ut in crer; direciton for a he'ing
and My mail is ii cded with ap
es's 'or relief. I sincerely desi-e to
1lp. I have studied the problem
e a problem iu alzebra, and think
haye the~ otion. in the bill I I a're
atroduc" Bat: Iam ready to work,
pan any an . evers line that p -o'
sany renCi.
Antd now, Mr. EJite-r, lest I crc0s
a ead ine" if Ilay a.:ther wcri,
hid you God speed. and comimeno
our erforts to toe farmners of the
tate. Yours for relie'.
J. WMt EToKES,
0:. n ;tburg, S. C.
D) e 25,3J
yus New- York Herald has discover
. a patrict in Atat.;ma who has been
rawing forty ic-ur I~easions in the
ames of widowvs and not his own
idows. either. He slippd up ad
ae himself away by taking onj
Royal makes the food pure.
wholesome and delicidms.
IK
POWDER
Absolutely Pure
RCYAL EAKRi POwCER CO., ?.EW YORK.
THE UNLY oAFEGUAkD.
Taere is no Dang.r Irom Small Pcx it
You Are Vrccrated.
There see.s to be a differerce of
opinion among the medical fraterinty
as to whiherthe cases of eruptive fever
that have cccurred at Greenville,
Spartantu-g, Rock Hill, Orangeburg
and other places is the State is a mild
form of smallpox or an aggravated
fo m of chicken; ox. Withoutunder
taking to decide the question in dis
pute among the gentleme a of the medi
cal fraternity, we tnii kit be! t to be on
the safe side, and therefore advise all
who have not already done so to get
vaccinated at once. If it is small-pox
this is the only safeguard against it,
and if it is chickenncx, being vacci
nated will not hurt any one. The
Greenville News says it is not a hard
ship to be vaccinated-it may be in
convenient for the time, but when it
is remembered that it is the unqualiEed
conclusion of small pox experts and
scientists that vaccination is the only
known prevention of the disease, the
inconvenience should be forgotten and
all should seek to be vaccinated. Ex
periments have been made which are
startling in their results. In 18S5 Dr.
W. M. Welch delivered an address te
fore the I hiladelphia Medical society
in which he detailed a number of ex
p riments made by small-pox experts
with vaccination. He related the fol
lowing:
Dr. Benjamin Waterhouse, profes
sor of theory and practice of medicine
in Harvard college, inoculated one of
his sons, 5 years of age. Ina few
days after, he vaccinated five other of
his children, among them an infant 1
year old. Within two months after
this vaccination he sent the six chil
chidren to the small-pox hospital at
Brookline, wnere they were not only
freely exposed to the contagion of
small-pcx but they were also inocu
lated with variolous matter. The only
result from this crucial test was a very
slight irritation at the p ints of the
insert'on of the virus; tnere was no
constitutional disturbance whatever.
Dr. Welch in the same address gives
the results of an experiment by the
board of health of Bus'.on. A comn
mittee of seven of the most reputable
physicians of that city vaccinated
nineteen children at the health office.
Within three months af ter the vaccina
.ion these children where sent to Nod -
dle's Island, a small-pox station, and
were twice inceulated with variolous
matter, besides being e xposeli for
twenty days to the ccntagioa, without
manifesting the slightest indisposition.
The committee of physicians who
carefully watched the development of
this exueriment, made the following
report 'so the -board of health:
"i ae cow pox prevented their tak
ing she sm all-p x and they do there
fore %ensider tne result of the experi
ment as satisfactory evidence thas the
cow pox is a ccmplete security against
the small-pox"
The foregoing faco, showing the
value of vaccin ation should remove
a ay doubts as to the necessity of using
t ais means for preventing a loathsome
disease; but another and more remark
able ilmustration was given by Dr.
Welsh wnich settles the q testion and
removes all objection to vaccination.
The same committee cf physiciarns
of Bcston made an experiment which
is almost romantic in its details and
sho wed nerve and heroism on the part
of one of the parties to the experiment.
It was deter mined to find some wo
man with an infant who would be
willing for the child to bc vaccinated
and herself have the small-pox. The
woman was found and she heroical y
cffnred herself and child for the ex
periment. The infant was vaccinated
arnd forty-eight hours afterwaras its
mother was inoculated with small
pox. Here is wahat Dr. Welch says':
" Ihe kine-pcx went on regularly in
the cbild, and so did the small-pax in
the mother who sucided the calid a'l
the time. The mother had a consider
aule number of ps u'es on ner body,
face and tress's; one or tso of whica
were kept raw by the tender lips of the
infant while suckiag; and yet the
child appeared as well though the
whbole process as if is had nos been
nursed oy a person si if aring under
m all-p >x.
It may be of interest to know who
Dr. Welch is arnd what right he has to
speak with authority. He was for
several y ears pj sician in cr.arge of the
mun:cipai smail-pox hospital of Paila
deiphia snd probably has hao as much
txperieLce in handling small pox is
any physician living or dead. it is
the duty of every cit.zen to be vacci
nated. Why ? Let Dr. Welch azswer.
" It is necessary to thoroughJy pro
t et the individual and cor-muity."
A F'oi's L-glc.
1n the same column a c~rtain organ
tells the workiogmtan that if he votes
for Bryan he wil vo:e 47 percet-t of
his wsges into the pockets of mine
owners, and that ne w'ill vote to dc
preciate not only the silvr dollar but
all the carrency to 53 cents on the dol
ar. How can free siver coinage pus~
47 per cent. of eaca dollar c list d into~
tne pccket of. the silver miner and at
the same time recutee the valu- of the
silver dollar ad all the currency d
pendent upcn it to the value cf 53
cente?
Any schooltoy can figure out that
if the value of the silver dollar depre
ciates to 53 cents o: any thing 1:ss than
its face value tre mniner cannut make
47 cents by its free cc iaas:e at the
minats. O:, to put it t'ae other way,
if tae miner mages 47 eents, the veiS
of the silver dollar wil: have to be
raised to the value of the ys rsent gold
dolla', in which c ase tht re will be no
depreciati ,n of the correcey. The
gold standard advocate can take his
choice of al:ernatives, but not both.
This is a fair sample of the kind of
logic with which the go'dite agents
are flooding the country. It uroceecs
on the assumption that the workur g
men are fcls.
THERE are heroes and heroes, but
the Ohio mana who recently eloped
with his motner-in law is entitled to
the cake for being at the head of the