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THE MANiNIMG TlIMES. Manning, S. C. SUPPLEMENT. GOVERNO' T ESAGE$ COMMUNEIYE REVIEW. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE CONSIDER ATION OF THE LEGISLATURE. Message of Governor B. R. Tillman. as Presented to the General As sembly. November 24. IS91. GenZemen of the General AssembWi: Another year has come and gone. bringing the period for the representatives of the peo ple to meet and perform their functions as a part of the government; and, as required by the Constitution, it is a duty imposed upon the Executive to "give to the General Assem bly Information of the condition of the State, and recommend for their consideration such measures as he shall judge necessary or expedient." The reports of the several heads of depart ments and Executive Boards will furn isn fall information and details concerning all State institutions and the several departmients of the State goverunent. But I will briefly condense such informution as I dee mnost important, and which will aid your honor ablebodyto grasp the general situation in the State and condition of its institutions. Finances. The reports of the State Treasurer and Comptroller General are very full and com prehensive. and an examination of them will give a clear understanding of the States finances. The condition of the Treasury is better than it was last year, but is far from being satisfactory. I desire to compliment Treasurer Bates for the clear and comprehensive manner in which he has set forth the condition of our finances. It is so plain that the dullest can comprehend it-a criticism which does not apply to some of his predecessor's reports. Iwilk only give a brief summary, so that you can gather the general situation. RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES. Cash on hand October 31, 1890...........S 77,913 93 Receipts, all sources......................... ,73,752 Total................81,151.606 91 Expenditures......................SI,07,081 51a Balance October 31,1891.............. 6,615 02 Total. ...............................S1,151,696 91 The following is a comparative statement between 1890 and 1891 as to cash on hand: 1890. Cash balance October 31, 1890........... ,94 93 Outstanding warrants...................... 41.802 8 Net cash balance.......... ..... 3.141 11 Borrowed money... ................... 500 00 Overdrawn on banks........................ 2,S00 00 Due by State October 31, 1890...S 73.300 00 Less c .as ................ 6,1-11 11 - Leaving net debt, October 31. 1890...............................----..S 87,158 S9 1891. Cash on hand October 31. 1891..........$ 64,615 02 Less outstanding warrants ............. 14.250 1S Net balance............... ............S 50.364 19 Add balance paid for 1890................. 37,1&8 89 Difference In favor of 1591... 87,5'2 08 Here is a comparative statement of liabil * Ities or floating indebtedness, which may be called for anly time: 1890. 'DEBTOR. Cash labilities, October 31, 1890... 489.197 33 Net debtor. ... .......-.-....S 411,253 40 Assets, October 31, 1890: Cash In Treasury................... 77,943 23 itemized as follows: NOVEIBFER 1, 1890. Assets in cash, October 31, 1S90: Cash balance, October 31,.1890....... 77,943 93 As follows: General account............ 3.943 06 Department Agriculture.... 33,622 27 Sinking Fund Commis sion.................. 39,."40 Redemption deficiencies.... 1,en 20 Total...............................S 77,943 93 Current liabilities, in cash, Octo ber381, 1890 : Interest doe and not called for... 177,878 84 Loan (interest to be included, $500).-........................ 50,000 00 Depiartment Agriculture, due on department warrants (since pad.............................. .... 6,047 00 Department Agriculture, applied to Clemson College............ 15,000 03 Slnking Fund CommissIon....... 3937 40 Interest on bonds not yet funded... 91,826 00 Unpaid balance of approprIations.. 106,60S 07 $ 489,197 33 1S91. Cash liabilities November 1.1891.. 42S822 83 Cash assets November 1, 1591......... .615 02 Net cash indebtedness............. 363,617 S1 As shown In following : ABsTRAcr CAsH AssETs ANDf LIABILITIES, NoVEMB5ER 1, 1891. Assets in cash October 31, 1891: Cash balance October 31, 1891...S 64,615 00 As follows: General account................... 22,876 49 Department of Agriculture......... 1,114 52 Privilege fertilizer ta................. 187 50 Sinking Fund Commission......... 81,010 31 Redemption deficiencies (sales Blues)...... ....................... 99897 Clemson bequest, cash............ .. 5,247 7S Excheated property, cash............ 2,661 64 Downer Fund, cash.................. 517 7h Total..............----.. S 64,615 0 CURRENT CASH LIABILITIES OCTOBER 51, 1891. Interest due and not called for... 178,990 64 Interest on bonds not yet funded, after fundin ...................... 92,89:1 Sinking Fund (,ommission......... 31,00 31 . iclal accounts reserved........... 9,332 42 L npaid balances of appropriations 116,000 00 S 428,232 83 The following Is an abstract of liabilities other than cash, 1st November, 1891. (Bond debt :) Total liabilities 1st November.,1890: Cash lIabIlitIes........ 489,197 33 Liabilities other than cash. .............. 6,433.517 72 86.922,715 05 Cash assets 1st Novem ber, 1890......... 77,943 93 Net Indebtedness 1st November, 1990.... 86,844,7~1 12 Total liabilities 1st November, 1891: Cash liabilities........ 428.232 S4 Liabilities other than cash............ . 6 ,406,606 00 336,634.838 S3 Cash assets 1st Novem ber, 1891............ 64.615 02 Net indebtedness 1st November 1891..... 86,770,223 si During the year the Sinking Fund Com mission has pur chased and retired Brown Consols amounting to....... 26,911 72 ABSTRACT or LIABILITIES OTHtER, Ti! AN CASH, NtOV E31BER 1ST, 1891. Brown Consols.........5 393.076 70 Blue 4 1-2 per cents.....4 0,0 003 Brown 4 per cents, 1'890 29,3961 7" Agricultural C o liege Scrip.............1 1.S 00 Deficiency Stock out st anding..............77 ' Bondsand Stock stilt fundable In Brown Consols, less inva lidity, d-c..........3 1.14 SS - - 86,4406,g6 03 The following extract from the Treasurer's Report calls attention to matters which ar of great importance, and I caunot better pre " beg ieave to c:aI your atn .: ' of the i.gishiture esper::ai y, to the tat'. t the State owes a are :iati eu tia at I.*1ki of Uost diut t t e CO O" - sides unplaid approriati:'~sa set in ab"t and to th- Iurhe; ia t tikat Ithe -1' . 'Treasury Reserve ltnd' is pract:caly ; iy: h repreent inig fir the r,Os: -a an credits of the State. Thie -uk Ii and tion of' what tilttu:c e ury Iaes ve .' aVi t ha wewn 1te Act was i' t-AI 11 been expeided. as I under n goveriiag the Sinking Funid. in iFtd II warrants drawn ins:tA1 Z by th* .s. d CommIIissiollers (theSikng l-nd I i e . reet, tax 1und perzion utider lt l . amlounlt"11 or"iin41 y to gG 4 the ;I ntoupnt received t tonlgrss ha. een tel ted . by pay tns its uplon the warr i N m the Governor to parties to whoi it b it ,d under the law. "'Tle interest 0n the ufnded bonds lit been reduced grad ianiy, as thW fnind; I Brown Consols progressed, to ;. :'. s ts tiiated. But it shold be bOrne im m1t - these are in a sense debts the Stvt . ez- eSnd do niot constitute a IInd practically held I: reserve In the State Treasury. "The only availatle way to create a reserve fund is to i aise actual imoney by taxation or by tie sale of State ecurit -s and tICn hul it in reserve for the special ptrpo-es for which it was created. A reserve !und is really need ed to imect the realil large floating debt ofthl State, eomposed prn;ieipaily of past die. bttI unealled or. intertest. and interest on uniund ed bonds, estiiated to be ,l,Mai., besi unpaid appropriations. It, wuild perhaps Ilet ter satisfy the people of the State if the Legis lature would have this reserve fund Investi gated by a competent Co(lunittee." The "myth" or mystery of this -Treasury Reserve Fund" IIh- lou.- puzzled many be sides the State Treasurer. The Act o: December' tl., ls, creating 1. Treasury Reserve Funud set apart and required "That said fund sliail be held by the Treasurer (i the State ul South Caroina, to be used in paymeilt of all niterest due L on the bouded deit of the State and appropr atioins made by the Ueuera.l Assembly : Pr cided, There be no other iunds in the Treas urs appiicable thereo. And when taxes are coliectedand paid into ihe State Treastiy,. the Treasurer snal at once, from said couve tions. replace the antunt of S:id RIeserve Fund which has been used. - 1 , Said Iiund to be used and replaced as liereinbeiore L.irected in each succeeding tiscal year. Now, these tigures either represented cash or they did not ; and iL tile iloiey was there. has been since spent. in excess o the receipts from taxation, it should appear. it the inonley can be honestly accounted :or. it will bUe a source of satislaction to know it. Therefore I cordially join iti the recoiniendation that steps be taken to thoroughly investgate the whole matter. It is idle to continu e t) ieep I this 'mythical" jund on the books of tue Treasury, and the Act cieatiig it should be, retealed. As will be seen by the Comptroller Gener al's Report, there is an inerease on the assess ed value of prope rty this3 ear over last or '1,, ti,S, and that olicer deserves couiienda ion or the zealous and unui:.chimg manner in which he has endeavored to ferret out tax dodgers and make th::an share tie burdens oi supporting the governieatt. Tne law pro vides that property shall be assessed at its *real market value." And, whIle this is dti5 cuit of accomplishmeit, the Comptroller and his subordinates arte none the less bound by their oaths to carry it out, as far as practica le. It cannot be done in one ear, or in live and there is neIther sense nor ;Law tor tie clain that it imust be done "all in one year or not at all. It is like rtquiring a chld to walk before it crawls, or reiain urever in the cradle. There is, aud always will be, great in equality in taxauon. Much property will al ways escape entirely ; buL when At call be I shown that any one species of property is placed on the tax books at its vselling va ue, we have gone a long way towards bring;_ t; i all up to that stanuard. We have begun on the railroads and banks. Justice demand that we go through tue whole list. and I join the Comptroller in asking that provision be made lora reassessment of land next year. In this connection I would urge the necessity for a change in the County governments and the mode of assessing property. County Governments. The office of County Commissioner should be abolished. and in place of It a govern nit by townships substituted. Three intelligent men In each township, elected by the voters thereof, should be entiusted with tue nan. agement of the roads and bridges, schools, and the assessment of property in the same. The Chairmen of these local Boards should olitute a County Board to manage the Co ty finances, audit accounts and order ex penditures. Thesalaries, if any, paid these Township Commissioners. or Slectmenti, can be determined by tWe voters or fixed by law. The Constitution can be changlld to abolish the office of County School Commissioner, and these charges will inevitably restult in reat saving to eachl County, while there wl be a corresponding increase In ellicicney Property willi be assessed at its real vya lue, a millions now hidden wvii be muade to payit share of taxes. This County iuardi shaouldal so consti tute the County Board of Evalia tion, instead of bein" ap~pointed, as at present by true Auditor. In this connection I suggest the propriety of requiring all notes, d-c., to be staitipe-d by the County Auditor nid placed on tax book to make them collectible by law. Matke tihe note shaver or lender pay taxes as welIl as tie land ownier whose property stands in his name while he perhaps owes as much as it is worth. Equity would require that a tman de duct his debts from his property anid payta on the remainder. This is inipractitcabte, but It is better that property shall be tretly tax ed, both debtor and creditor paying, thin tha t the debtor must pay double, as he is obli ed to do and the creditor pay nothing, as is too often done. D~efaul ters. The investigations by ditTerent ofhicers dur ing the year have brought to light the Laet that the "incipient rottenness" charged last year as extsting in the government wats net al myth. A shortage or $5,5$ was discovered Ill the office of the A djultant and Inspect or Gen eral, a like deficit of $t89 in the aicioun t of tihe clerk of the Penitentiary, and the Comptroller General has foun~d shortages still utnsettled iin the Treasurers' omeies of Chlarlestonl, Sumiter and Union. aiggregatlng 59,608. That offieer says In his Report that there had beetn a good deal of money made good of which no meni tion is made, an d that in necarly every Coutn ty irregularities and errors existed, tuhe amouti ls aggregating upwards of 3:000 which lie col lected and turnied inito the Treasury. These are the fruits of an exaininatioli of tihe bookls for one year only. W hat would be unearthed i tbe Investigations were carried back sever al years, is lelt to conjecture. The Asylum. At your last session a special Committee was appointed to investigate the atfiirs .of this Institution. This Committee begain its labors in April. and, after taking v-ountary testimony from some of the employees of the institution. adjoturned without cotmpletitng its work. They found, its I afterwards learned, that one of the inimates had been allowed to retin a pistol in his possession, atid other re prehensible irregularities. hsiortly aiter wards this same patient made a mntrderous assault on otne (if the attendants. andi the mat ter beitig called to my attentlin I itunediate ly summoned th:2 Commit tee to come baick and conclude its labors. Two of tihe mtemf ers, Dr. Strait, Seniator from aieaster, tand Dr. Goodwin,' tneniber of the House tromt Greenville. respondedi and as I am, ttnder the Constitution, charged with the appont ment of all offleers and etmployees of the in stituion, I went with the Committee andi we made a thorot:gb andi searching iinvestigatilot into Its management- A stenogtriipher was employed, who took down all imnportaint tes timony. as part of which will be printed tor y-our information to accomupany the report of the Committee. We fotund that there 1had been very lax discipline and negligence, at tri-I butable to the Superm tentdeiit, Dr. P. E. Gril tin ; and after::iving that centlenian an op portunity to disprove the charges mnadt against him, which he refused toi accept, lie was removed and the institutison placed temi porarily in charge of Dr. Thion:psoni. Thei correspondence ini the case is on ille in tile Executive office for the lunspectiuon 01 tiny menber of the General Assembly who dhe sires to read it. Sly isight into the corndi tion and workings of the intstittutiont antd knowledge of its wants was tar,;ety iincreatsed by this personal inivestigation, tand I can reit erate, with confidence, the opinions and al-I vice given int my inaugural address as to chages in its managzement. The present Suiperinitendent, Dr. J. W. Ilah cock, an accomnphlished and thoroughly edut cated specialist, who was appointed ini July last, and assumed control oti Auigust 15, has ade some sutggestionls in wh ich I heartily occur, in reference to the admuissioni of - tientsanid to othier mattters cotnnected with the institution. A Jotint Resolution weas passed lnst lieenm er, authiorizin~g the appointment by the Ex ecutve of a spiecial Commnit tee itt three pity sichis aind two citizens who shotuld e-xatmmen thepaietsinthe Asylumi andi re-prti as to) ie nunmb er of itmbeei tes and harm less Iiun:t: ties who could ibe moure- economtiiilly suppll) ed at the Countty P'oor Houses. I liave- neveri atppoited this Commtuittee, becaiuse I keIt ta it was atn unnuecessairy exptense-. anud b-caus Iof the fact that the Iiws gov ernin tg thie ,d mission of pat iets toi the m ustitutiont wond n ill probability result in the speedty retturni of such inrnteis to the Asyl tum. Butt tmy request the three phlysietautf of the mtitu tlot hav-e made asn exitin atioun i:tto tile econ ditioun of eaich ratie-nt. withtavi' w to obtin g this ver-y iniItomat iou. - Dr. i; b--ock'sre port us given here iad it will be seeni titat if these limates comtuiut tun der this de-seripthon tire retnrnedl to th~e Coutilss whlene te -cate, the expendisituires foir ma~rintentamt-eo tle Asvltum witll be laugely decre-aset -lu-I' presnut stralined aceoummotdationis relieved. -Dr. Batbcock asdvise-s that thei powter ibe ::ve the Sutperinte'ndent anid thlio-itrd oif I'i -ias to) examutine patientts -t pplying' for ad m ~issin whent sent to, the in'stiti under' the existinlg latws, andis thatt their rejecttl i be a lloed, if ther'e is unit coniilusivets- eidene tuat thley aret proper pesrmuas to be~ adtm Itsed. That there are abluses tunds-r th'e pressent a nietods, and that the charit of0 thei. Stte Is aoused undiser tihe preseni t systemIt, is beyoiind o doubt, but his stugegs ionts will s-tiure at re fron that will relieve tihe StattCe ort a nfne 1.||,.. ';o ;, C.N ri.. . .i of. 1%) j. 1, ,~ t V.(.' 1. 1. ~.lV: 1-,- t1:11 1 I'lr are : ow :n i he y on l t 1reta--onV e..hite m::h 40 Ay inr: n w..' t..- v in loratlt t mn ;avient "f the wrn:.. i., who nay bW =0re :or by ri . . ; o :l t y Poor lionii . inl the .,,,m-. f tIr. '1 i(: i~n s-ni c t ti-i eIlve you .n :-il r.. ..r h.' i- tint- O it. I 'in ar. hc.-er. eehalin l ia nurber.-imy tw A' . d e~lld; raitov helow seve'n h n e, Ji\ SW.IA ',Su. Tie Poor linow -: . inmtr ies in .ylu i. .it nt n aed tio l lc.'Io tre et that Comnty I ed Tor n -eed o by S- Ctlio i' of thle hnlra! StatuteT rTle1 to le 11nvedfrm 'ho instiintioln h i noti:!ied v, % he:, .r tn e t Ani instIanee oil ag .t .oi-bele d ne to the haw cUcue-1 in t . h- laetWin ('harh-oni I Amu I v. pen or i on n-r there wa%:,, a1 Specvial A p~ased ill 1v9 au igto ine lu ih e tof the Oi'immis ictrt:of Ihat ot n e e .:s. .\cts L). i f they fail to obey sepown QG. icin h l tionto thle - ity- (If t h pe of conivicting 'olunty co111 tiali t.uid r c i co dition., ;hi, fr ct is nntioned to show i he nteeiy f r oing SMhe -:.ective th e power of p o<. emnoval for certain oft:lses when the law is hu ir-ir vs thle ues!eon.of he o0upport Of llaupers is thu broached. I mn lorporate her certain luets in refervitejto hec Poor llouses oft se-veral Counties whicn I br-aind through Ineir respective Audilors. oL.Niu t-l il I 'i en.......... - tiderson.- ---.. 2,111, 4 ea arn ll ..... ... 771 4ii e ley...... .. . a eo" for o . itarilstonl.. . it. 't) $7s, i-hit-cd iu poor. hestetild ~ -1t0 r a.krendon ... ... - M lPletol....... --- i virtu~ lly for ~o us llrlington.. ... i (t!etmel .: ud fo feotn . - dhefuic t ha.. 2n .c0i 2oitmic. ostng$lo0 Expndedl for upor. m'ired by.. Seio * :( I tv~- :ttueS A ome n e .. sylum..... ...i..etclOi t isolt. , 11letl l.i. 1.5K tI, H id P. 11 to J, u Iia Y, itQ in puprs trt edNI o ;4t1 nttli. . n ..i. n nee n e fr lfor0 ..xp.nded. ..r Wor airie d i-..... .. t ttir I (,: A lre d ee....... ... e torg etow ... Treenviile...:r:. Newbrry ..... ... 0 ( eria ten.... ... tcisis 'L t t ei ,acster... ...e toi hs h-ei pi i it .,aure u....... ... IN : ) hx w in t e ... d.. as i ir n ...t ... .... . Ter ra f y . ,Iartlibura .;ew m uerr ... rini J4 )enone......... ...2,M .e ry )rd, biut.rgn ...EndI i t. ek en......... ... t o amnt Berkey1 from Po. H1. LtJul. iotwlac ti handg Secior whc I-.t = 4d.(1 To rnqtin tied lir oiial e ir civi1. To out funur r tcive l'lages (01101 o cinhenls he 1.: f i t r' ru lly a 10 0 ror ~thl ou ~ty ,) frie iC - il0i w are Implonh~ynuan brickm th irguine.nt received in r iatigniml retnc' n......i.t.L .. T a x C e x y o m i l ?0uinbia.n ecived for ranspily ora-pprt Meic n... tilal 4,0 d Wigngt 0 e pt-nbuew Co nectn 0, lte Jaucr n r inio u.. . re. ve for Ni ry fee . t s 59'Ms Sp'r nur ... 7-1 wi0 pp.a ".0aont paider per ioiem izcdston sen ork....t..... .....5tu ....9.. lieiiredof Forriter thlisinitttIowou.d callc Metion lls the C1reasounamsnt, ie otfcaesr elin ... ..nllmptileoniamhur. , Ff csfor neeiusv and Bere diavee ntoo Houisetal tihstide lSuple o7,ic mn 'il nr o h oard of Diciretors.......... lat1 rrprequires thew Con oicis topoide' :. Thtris fcorntsprthei :re ,dnumero orteal aony Sponie fhorles tnwr r umpedtonthei ai ASuliesan uedpaszon .1 rament onadacedrin my' inauualrqir ( og eaehcso Collnty ay suprtis ownd inm\e alance Chean oinet ndto.some.ex.e.~ al; hough it hasl n Almd.ou in th iyo lubiot dc,00y snayfo uprt cceisn t itl land e.ongin. 4 to t. e uired by hect f7t' Ctid tue. tie onn, it a poudatio tof 1,4hs amat esulnthe Atsylum,1sa eiscondry ison theC wist Cariestonhas to, wie ]rit poulaionp n f.5,;an whi .:cl ths aountyia wpens )00I onaperi atii- heti Charlestoi spendsc whole yoien i un nesssary. an~c rentono :sucte unreasct oul nd cuntrectsun iblegwi i lieteerneesiin thieesou ofn icost. for1 ors ouses in th ditfre(dnt Counres,iil The R orolt o the Boad fi recitirh and pein :iertendn .~.s how tis ititutwon buo yheln IheaIlthn cot-tion1.Th ninhe tofx recn Ie s t i s y cbc ear is 9:1 as cmpared iith- c91 atiti ear itetion lhaI bee-r npaid Iito thn. it itr -c c.>nditi andthe pr outr d ri tc c ieu ril ones the Codsitys ulo uluch e hownti or-the.- decrlea in. te death rte Th erl nancal coniti-lis as ollows: i-u I- irmicT eottlltili A.--ASt teen of iki' Ricivr -d i ndti~ D -iisbured a ot h Carlina Teiten: ~inri b)urn (the Piaeriodu BeiringrJanuary |rIti il innduEtdingountober :lltn OI91. c-autrePlce.vdfo ...Lp balncoha Janua :s, 1o....644 in am tl rceveeoroci- t lca covieii 't e. 25,:.21 00a outre ceived for sali- tle1Icles C tton c:i ~ 5 an dcl 01btle tilt.- prode.t s.......... v.. 21,510 :0 pr ition.-, bi k. Oiti t. i ........... . 1 018 u iaount10 ret'cived fort~ liundrili l'.csl pagei, 1'ntes, ca........--.--...-------. ld .-itt I t ro imsu V t'. l ci ved to r c sae o f'th i H o-~ ii i e i~y dis ctaeb ' ll y.................. iiit... to 0 0-t0 iiol new Conis,c Novp.ebcer andI''t5O D~enc t \r, ii.h....... ......................... oG Ii oamti 5er ceivedl' h fo ruclt dg fransporta Otsbr 1tcc1....... .ic- .......................- iol 9 totamou- nt ce iet ilsitor' cee-i ..c -12-~>10 .y auts paid Oer tl itrize, ucstic 'cl m .e c t tnttsats. . ......... .............--.- -i d :te'htslcof Formerill~b Adminitatin.....a,'~ ill ay c.s bdls.-Prils-It. Farst' 1)nd-l oter sy iiu clb irs istrene ...... ................... -h-c - li - do.ne in it~net:I .\ ve : n !ar :! ;i:1d thorough ca. - :tIs the mh it-riial on hanll. w t~e u ork will h t In 1d t ta c th bil 1 i stetriilla't'd~'i n 'or inid iu tl - tte it (Li t~~h ~ it- L Lit)' !.0: 1 tak two, viars 1-Ii het. , asi poi bl whue.'i~ ((-(oit hl iniii a f og :typai ra~itu. str w .eeti ~ ;ht'-s. powev.r and t he stud e i tr-a eg e-ri nad netryin' w ih tywill pe oe h a f r! t he r s l best aricultural. nI'ehanial l inldu trial SC . l in lthI .~~.iiih-Cl 111:1.. . .41C )(i chool will e ti l Februi ry, bti I th ink it I:.rdi I > ii vo 11 u tha e ry. unl w : ilingt. Ii torl the att tht0. we have L-e unab1 - to ge the A i u IIhI-ll the t'rie t re L ow otrc11 o eony : and ih order l .t to l4t! nt Ime r alow injury, whiot wn eilt .iissarii v iiiliyow eenation weark. we hav iorrowetd o.t'n I'ur ntlh l:l I(er tes with [lich to r n i itb- v k. I inft rmed yol n t) av i'ailuinurl eddr. htt lecniryr iaT A w ould be to boild tie school with 5ut taxation but it. Wol h:tke twoybeaers iodo Ct. and it, Will d Ipend rtpon the relti" ofL tl:e ,egLte t owhether the chool shall oLn ill %tarchi or not. The est imated inom1(l0 ttle (which-x wIllay expch o have t r tie nttyea ita t af ollows: rom I l an t che n y ........................ t . rs "" -'rom M llrrili F un l r.....................~..... I1 . " te o r o a o.......... .......................... re " , IIv I I ege T ax ....................................... 4 T o tal ................................. ........- .. 4 Theireare tw o Iay unno we ciant itis ini thit stima e, li (-tih rrill o lt,i ] and ltie privile et I. Tti apotiir taf for te presenti yair is befni'::.dayeat but whn we ardtmember the preset. low eric of clotlon amnd the proh :he :;ie oi'in t e en tnisupion of' ertil izrs, 4t is not eltwcllate o lor aaln tol privilege tax next year. The or p rrill per wls acelpted by the General Asse me y ast year ond euriuy divided het ween t'l i son and Clailin Colleges, but Secretary Noble hws ref'used t.o pay over lihe money onl that bat Is and the( matter will have *,o be decided by ongress. and it may resut in a re o lf o ate clplat tit eerms offered bv the State. itils veut th inconue owe theCoild will be muech pess. A ecrefl estimate of flte amount neces ary to run the tilnee with upwrd- ofcn ytudents, to mter with) tho fxilerismental S1a bioy Alid thie nee.-ssary expe.;dtures for the nspectio and analysis of etrt ilizers and li - opther work of fte ;d .\griesiural Iareau. shows that it will take not ltes than C.t. Therefore be tsay thoat we cannot both build .il run thle schooi wid t help. It is en irdly Lreticable to fin:sh it and equip it withlout a dollar of taxation It the opening is slefe1rred a ye-ar; but cal we afford thise Shaol thle rezinentof young rien and boys who are waitig to enter its portals be flrced to seek scihools elsewhere or lose valuable tico nvi witwin.! for lther opelingh I tim pertAftly wel aware that this is no tim e to olk for an increas d expenditure of public money. The depresed conditon of ouragri cultural interests, ihe- hardiness of the timnes. admnonish mne that we should practice every possible economy to redutce the burden of tax at ion to a mininum. But it would be econo my and wisdom too to forte sclomaes plan tl which the Trustees might be able to bor row this monepy complete the chool and >pen its doors to students InI March. Ini a few vears at most tfe surplus reven e of the Col iege will be ainple to replate [the suim now niecessary. I have laid th facts before you, nd trust to your enlightened wisdom to de nide tile question. Btfore leavin Ille subjet of the Colleon, I Would state that for the purpose of coinplet Ing the building and puttin the farin (whch is almost wholly a orestl from wmhich The woodl has been taken to burn brick) In a con eition for agricultural use. we wi:1 need fifty :onvicts foir t loast. another year. The bal Exence of the conviets will be return d to the Penitentiary at an early day. ond here I nay c-all your att ition to another importnut matter: t hat is, the reul1ttion or definition of :he condition to be compied with before I student can be adrilitted to this Institution wvithout paying tuition. The scholarshlips at tile Cirtadel Academ fare awarded to boys sup posed to be too poor to pay. and the law re -quires a tuition 'fee Of Ell0 at teII South Jaroli tria amidene.and at Ctlemson of' all stdents aho do not coa stinder this class. Compahin Lam reachd mny ears that advantae has been Oden of this nprovisionand that there are ow students loith in tuiet'itadelandat ite South Carolina College paying no tuition, but whose parents are able to p:tt. I hope tiat legislation will be had c!arly detininga how the rattr sha be dotiermined so as to pre vent thle State's :enerosity from being abused. flit J'ointan tesleon of ted Leislatre nhle :nssr otfu etIquiryi ith reeecetThe nube sil -- ta iohm ts oians conds rm achol pfors Ot he. Te shiport oieiIettf theCm iio haO pe inptilanbct, an tire subet Te feps ort trial and usefules Morein tn connetinoith atesn sholsi educatie . I n reacitd e cInr ithoe ofldl t mos omreensiitiei and u tsful wirms la of woans ind st Ond on the Stte.hersshalldas be onydustray trained ii orde that te elmenarytieaIchiofulefl that ante Act be grdrvli itrduced il th ou publ fschoirel.Ihespotho escaly Ihidtunion old indsrlnnormal fWoeuc, tieiintis somone commndb thegoles eret concur wofi tilndincoandmaintininf onlee irat hert: two iutitti on the herole lo fuh wfulde sien' lomm.onle ar efl s the -eate ilesantale bied . :toet ptidpilrof .etin itherac-l~ of thschs or to c oeed te tl, ii th ae wosti uofn.rl ioe Reorits Lui mit tie subitc lit the severales polle day. av doifet twnsro theate fr the Clloction ('o1 yoexa miui ae iin.i Thet nmher ant d chtlr iciro itee i.Ii iorr lv comin from all51 pats oif wlle taensowhe mie ntereitof thethet pehoin the rubjeit, and ttre tal pege irs shoo wit itnd useflnes. Morhae tharn one io tes lire~y thtbuiig and necessary(i i ie lilpetl of ase school witho~utdla mee ais cant o fte -4 a pI'tiwoldt3 bepnly tnreessary tlen Stlo hat)a Act te pasiedi' proviny forti then tiho an1ftreil lira. suppt atf alltate itdsria andt L~! it'at Nor ay ollee fotr iWiomen,' nitLione uponh tile acceps otaC e ad fulil rnen t of sornlet. on'e rof~olii th i e s frt'ed ose oncurdwith tIhe re(il cmmedai ~t ofi te:tRe r-trtiihit ihtotione Ifth tchole bie letkfor trett t~l eltin.en a te aeful Li isecvtionat he l'everatl bristifere wl andguarne edo the aci-ptancilleo. uhofr op cda ne ihteorka frparatflionC st pn .1ti~ scho a1it the ofarlies possibtle day. [ wouIllttleyfurte t ha~st a er3 the Clindson sinirped In i (till lor i rie yeas t inosi t the ixisite enoiugh11 ti mo e ncoi i Ilto luttst tioo ert sut ito ant:itvoti fits' sii1chool' ier ut taxali tio tWei have every reso Lt-ot e t litv (thtsc asholwl b.spoua sClemvsonit is~eg 1 and0 o ml~etc wnt lonf fe-t Asttia prlitmiary step-i. Iur thar thei rtate it- LAds o tet Geetusemb tlyOe.ap Ah Iis otrmal olleii and ispetyi5 rovide r s nl ramt iwithte tIndutrial~ Cltlete ast ILoon licitpetd. ItThel~i reaon for il thiseref ltee 'Jhb Peaody. Find riustitbe ditrtdin 5tp'L Wt hnd ttei itntigivent' aIst- endo rwlt o tach Il-tininrgI' ichols alone. tIf mthles tate take ris-~ etion it havei ever reat' ssoni liev ta Ini myt. nV adintrtofhe Ftllli13 'et.xe uiv'ue3't nair ofdremovt l I wmeica arienuly o'l~ie fill -xi tistatt 3anvib-detet isn the Liw soi pick al.G mi;i i.r,! i rich i Iorke-ts :t 1 . fihe- o llns u r.n t he ' l loli I!) 11i . utlry 11. 4 prop, cour22!t be r .. .d in i3t:sn ae n.'n, I h2.vv alway-; de. mud it 'en:::1 W! iWO2 t:ere snozulit he a uv- tepoh - t--ritor.2.23 ut . a r ".221.. 2. 22at ion sh w e-1 i.2L !-.h a1 u:vy. to of '21y voil. wo tp, re~ iro I ;:r, ott iy :II! njunen IIinie.4 Th.-refotre It was; thu- - s y I!, Culmus sien not. Io und-rne- 2 wih th2 i2' nS 2 t pl :.- Ia our- d!i O.viz.. 1 ". amutwoul'! harndly iave-o ,tmnitn: io, ius a dredg. 2 ' dap. t t even2 the; 2.-2i22w2 stream s With le s than tw !en et of watle anl- wh1n I is eiteett tha mo222t.2.o2 e Itua'r- i 2''. 211iptying into ;!. Hie ena secoind and .rt Roya I Iarbor are ver de1p. and t 2:22t nuch of the rock In2ed has be.en raied out of water over frty . t inI dtth wit I an ov r'u rden of san2d of -r 2on .ix to IW i t '2i b c.knes , 2 Ih, ob. t( II flit way o" a. survey 2 -2n' be r: ily Si-. Ve 1ound that in order 'or the Inspe.:tor to exr e:. any inte!p1.I sue.2rvisin. of The m2in ing, :W'2" III0.21 e :h 21 hiin to 22ee that Ihey roya! te was hnlnestly ,laid. twas absolute"Y l", nee s2r to 22I irvide' onw mevans 2i vate!'r Iran portation : t re'ier 1'. ( w! used p-irt of The m o n ey . vi.:;:, .: ;, in p 2rc h a in g _ a si ll 2 t2 a n1 ! !annehi for his u2S'. The bWalnCe of th2eappro priata.n2 is still in the Treatsury, butl owi*ing to an2 (niSIOn1 in th2 aopropriwtion 2 l1 the I Comm"ission was forced t,) borrow enough n2one. to p2'y 2 h, salary of I 2spector .oos and ot2her exp22 nse2 . This nmo . kindly o2222 Us by tih13 Carolina N2 t 2 ona2 Bank of Co1linia Withot interest, an d 1-rovisi0n will have lo l- inade for is payment. I hel 222 2t2 -1 o :r 'eh in :I eo'(0rt1anCe. w'11h 112:' i..rul2io.s of ie Act creating he Ow-olin-I Sion, . 1 o)21. Of Coosa ltiver and . is-2ued lit''2:c1s to min therein to Whree com p-2ni'. Tw2 of the entered the river. IOA but weeejoinled inl t he lnited ita les ( urt by . dge. 2n2non2. Ie tok :2lva2nae of the laet that 2'te Phosphate Otniissioneris were t.1 t ed as indi'id2ua;l- rather than a1.-; State 22'eers, a 2liough lie knew th'y wereState ollic s. t o grl2nt the2 in2jw1i2 1i2. iA.,1 the pblic prints haltw _given fulil ai colunts of 2al1 subslekcent, liti..ition an2 th2" prenot stauS of the C1a eaW s'', I ShalM n2ot mention it further than !21 P S.2y that whilu there is a decrease in the revenue cons'-I q 2222.t upon the stoppag.-e 22 Ihe Coosaw (orn pan y of II.:. 4%%V eel that the State is 20 h2e congraulat1el upon the pres-nt status. .as5' ithete is every reason to expeCt, t hat the 12n ited States Supreme Court will 1ustain the view already exp-ressed in t he decition of 2Chief dusice Fuller and. the ,uit be term2i n iiated eary next year. 'e' price of phopliatc rock con inues higlh and as soon as work can be resurnet-d In C,0 'saw River there will be an increase in the in com2e of the Sta2e fron royalty more than Sf fleient to reoup u.2s for the little loss we have sustained in m2intaining the riht od the stte 2ocontrol her own properly !t w1oul he w1ise, in uty opinion, to give tie "'Ctlini'sion I lie power to Inmpose a graduated royally to correspond with I he priles. of rock, and also to permit it to fix the royalty on rock in streams Other than1 22)01:2aw ;L 2 ies ra1te 1an Ior that river. Sonik of the rock is of low grade, and some2 of the depos its are very hard . Inakinig rnining ditiiult. Therefor, a Oxell rovaltv~ for every lica. ity precludes p.r' n1 I 'nini in inany stram s if concessions arC 10t Made tile mniners. It Would .allo be better when Coosaw River is opoee to ap portion t.hat 1crritory amion-, thle dif1'rent persons applyin- for a license and require them r t2 mineoverthe whole al otled terri Story. We- have found, by the report of In spector Jones. that under he mrnagemeunt of 2 the Bureau of ;Agriculture, Comm2issloner 1Butler and Mr. Roee. the different compa ne, notably the Coosaw. have been p2I211 less roal3y than he aw require-s. by reason of not making due allowantce for the 2OI tu re expelled in drying Ihe rock. 1low nIuch of this. if any, can be recovered will have to be determined by tle courts if the Attorney General shall deem it wise t2 ('ter suit. 'The loss to the .tate thus di'covercd has amount ed to $1:,.35:1.;1 sille ilining Operat hms were begui, and 5 ..51since th e etstabiishment of the Agricultural 1)epartment. in ls:). Tihe difleerence. t.45 per cent., bet ween I he amount of moisture actually expehed and that which L.he companies have allowed., a1ounts for fiscal year totuore than t , and as ti1e present dic3als cannot be held responsible for any quasi agreemen ts or negw-et (in the parto tlheir predecessor:;, payrent of this 2sum will be demnanded, and, i2 necessary, en forced in the Court-,,, while we will in future require payment on the basis of $.10 per ton for dlled rck. Belore leaving ihis subject. I desire to men 0tion the importance of sonie steps being 10taken to previt the damae now re.sultini, to the stale's interest,-. in the Ashley.S olno 2and Edisto Rivers by the dumping o' the de Sb is or ;niling% Into those stream3t is from the works of the land miners. Some time ro I adda.ssed aii communeat .ion 1o Capt. F. \. Abbot, U.. V En:;ineer, at Charleston. ask in for in-rni tin as to the iling up of these s1team0s byi rea2son o f this debris bin emtiedt thereie2. He replied that2 hie had re prted to 2the au.2 hlOrities' at2 wa'2s1lngton in e I ~rd to A 51le2y Itiver, bult kne2w 1noth21 1g of2 222'ruc2tion2 22) 132w 221her stream1s2 nientioned, an2d 212 forined'2. 321 112322 C'0ngre('., l.ast 1 2e2 221 her, had.2 pa.5.2232d1 a et pro2i oiling theic dumilp I a:.t of such1 materia2l'into111 n.2.2av 12ble stent222. Tlie Sta:t s intere2'st is to preven22t her 323s 2 hat21e beds 22232m being buried So) 131.1t they. cann2 2212 be( prollta12bly 222ined1, and United ( Sta2tes seeks to. preserve the niaviga.bility of rivers. Bunt for 3lear2 the Utnited 51t2.tes author02 ities may no2) press 2.32 miatter I call it to your attentioni. Education'al. The Report of the State.1 Suipirinltendent. of Ed.cton2 niakes' a2 full (expos.2ition of 1212 con2t dit ion of tile e'du2cationalt2222 in titution of the Stat e. O.ur free schoo~ls are 1not. 212 22 sat1isfac t~ry c'ondition, a2nd never will be until21 the pr2ent unt2 wieldy, irregul::r22iy sha2ped. districts 2r' subdividedi. a2.21l sma22ll, compac22t ones sub-: stiued, 122 whvichl shall.1 be p2ermanent1C1 ly loca1 ted one2 school0 bon)22e for' eaich race. This22 35s the basis 2.pon22 whlich local2. ta2xationi sup jple 02e01122g tihe two-iniill tax can2 erect a2 school systeml 111at w.1ill a2colrnptish the ends1 desiredI 2122. un21 til it is done little or 120 prolnress w.ill be made(3 except22 :n the townvts :ad thic'kly pop ulated.2 seOction2s of thle ('02.utry3. I w..oul2d u.rge 3ou n2 2202 2.ad2. journt 2221ain2 till 3cu 121ke lip thiis fnatter' 2122d perfc'(t 12he lav.1' 'Tie State1 1s ma22k ing a2 3ar greatter outlay3 for hlgher eduen2.'ti thtan some1 of her sister ".tate2." hut thie comn122221on C free0chool alonei12i are accesible to ninie 2)ut of Ien ch2idreni witin hr borcders. They~ shiould receive tihe foster-' 221" ("22' o22 the Gieneral Assemly, and22 1 12122ow of 102hi2n' which101 wou~tld give thle cau.2se of ed The Southi Carolina College. Tills ins'ttution, whvlichl has been 32n e'1xist ece for nearl'y 22 cettry. an.2d whichlo holds 2 .ery. wa"'rm" 121ace in thec hear2t2 of every intell 3 gent Carolin2iat. ha2s h2ee1 reor'ga'nize~d unader. the Act, of last December. As was3 explecd, t11he cha2n22e Iromi a12.2 unversity.2( and ote cau22s ~ave for the I 101e being cau2.2ed a2 decrenae i tte n2umbehr of -tu.dents,12 021' 21y 2iney-2 i hav-22' lie Col2lege has2 an.2 able and22 loya'l c''rp2 (of 1222 lessors, thorougly 13 mb.ed1 wit 2.the0 22 purpos to 1make2 It a2 rirsi cla-s literary 2nstit23ion. Its tandard22'1 12w2 been raisedi 2.2 and5 22. hve ev. ery'. reason1 to 120pe. 1that2 in 'a ve'r' br'ief whe itill assume:112222 a2nd 0o.cupy it's ri'"h 1 "2ul placet 30ti had of suc22h instttions in tis "tae.1 I canno2221t'rfra in froml e.xpre2.s'in regret tinct22 o moei.221 21noner'3 has been wasted 221 13he past5 irt e yeairs "for tile sala12ries of Pr.fessors 2212( 12ors '.ho2 ihad no( pup23ils, to. 11he 22weect 221 the2. bu2.ildinlgl 221nd library. 'Theore is dli22pida22 w'if2l lack01 of mo2dern2 bo222ks in the l ibrarny. It '32 to e hoped Ithe Gen:era2l AXssmly 'will act.. li2berally13, so as' 1to 1put2 tile butildinlgs iln re p2; r and2. 52up32ly the more'31' presir neel2'ds 221' .232e lib2rry. 322 tis connection222 I wol'2Id d.1 iet v (2ur2 'attention2( to the( feas22ibil iy122 au -liralbi! '212) v : ligh t :tll thel'2 ne in1i0 i ions U2(' 1 0 ' he 3 -' ei2'.' the'. Stte Hou2se," th A:o yluni,' 1122 212ou.th2'I 2222o22.2a Co Ige, 1the. Excu.2.ti e2 Man2ion 1222'122 the2 P'enitentia22ry,. from ne12' )22 pa i', (1,ie e .iter"2 222 the cana2l o2r '-. it th ~.y.2u .2. hre 'i '2'lr''ady3 located2'2 at2 11he Asylumn2 222 eleerie ' it plnt, which2' is run2I every1'22''2 2i2ht int '.22r.12-s(2oIt 12'r':mn202n0 is -'''32, without al ,lwin Ilo'r1 wear22 and2( tear2. 1The cost 2f2th lh1hts at. Ihe. Stale 10ouse thi2- '.ear2 1has been2 2.2nwar2dsol el.2',1the gas hill a223 1 hExecutv '2''sio ''2' ov2er2 2l.12while21 the2 Pen.2i2''t1ary" ':22.i 'olleg hav' e no2. ( lightt" w..ltever. Iti. e - i..v pr~ :2eticabl' by. a1sinal1 02ut122:. 1o 12-' 2.'ea"le 2the 3l.1 2.2t2 the A-.ylum22 so22 to22 fur nish ''lht- 2222 all 2In-'se in2'titu2.23ons2 at2 an2a2 IImv in 21.22 2y. pa.5'es5ion1 est1ima2tes ub32ich 1 2. 2n submit to 22he Co22in22ittee, o22 Way2s and2. 3 ''..ln -31221i222 the practicability22233 of2 212e State ''r2 i2h1n1 ' t" own ti..'2Iight s an2d .av'ing~ 22oney.3 Aemiem22i'2y, (Ci2222in '2i1ie2.e an.2d the2 Cedar2 2'p'igs2 In2'itte2. .\l1 of theose hist12ittion rebu2ill.::od 22. ha '''m. 3put 222 thorought11 r'epair3 han 2dom2e 2223d us212l 3iha.2::' Thel. (''2d2ar 2"nn'2 22 Inst121itute22 is2a credit1 2o 1122 2. It'. 222i222'2022222 2r13e1t. gr'eati (1cdit (22 . 22up 2'ritenden t22. 1 222hin!< the 21.2 'ra2.1A.2m that2 'i1w11 bie ulsed jud122iious.ly. Itf tie 22''w. l222e2rie'plan!. is 122urena.lied pf.or2 the21 publi2 ::t :h21 A'.y':un1 woul nd lie a222212e 22.22 th~e 'edarl As1 a1 Tru221t.3 unde1r 212e wil122 11f . 1he212' Mr. the . 22iendl 322 2 neu:zl nd in2, dusrh ed-2 23 uen in2122 22. 2:... 23hat.2 a 2o g th b ildin22221 nt' nearico 222222221 d,2 ' he ro.'nl 222 app!2'2ants2 't12(':"en i2 ea .'.'flo -r:;,.'2 121 'n the0 ("re' (21 tfbutit'2-(21'2,2 22!.'.' :: and ' durin th2 e 22 i.2 e22 22222 atota:l ,tl *I . 2221in' 22) 2the222 22222,br 2' 22' 2 '2'ap l ti li 1122 2h c tp'*u2. 2. -. 522222ne. and22 w.''ieb2 22ave ''"'' in2--2 up2,2o 22t', 13e T1rsCe2s 2eit that it was ob1l.:t' ry upi 22 .32...2 1 . .,.22..~i 212.. p2.23 . 221 1't., : .2.222 222'' .al thre isno po'.si1t o. trw Ne33u' ' vigthe. laws (fsi f lee -Tu*,edl w. it''. iS halls are Ir.' h 4!. 'Th x r h - i n:.s .g i* :-Ihw h ih -; 3 .. * ,* b r -: b a r .v -M!3 i v.a msta:e.Take- thej taeo,' Sheri ff 3.Tr 3 top.m iCounty. (' ne Governor\ 3- e ' i 1 f->rl3 a 'I'. ' 3 'al ai ner w3, 33ri1 oder :n-rest at hsb a in ruson fori- as hi,* 3 3 ,3t3*33(,3* |uit and i \.tI'r with inn . to i!. ani :. r :hon3 a r3e333' 3 -.i) from the. overnor '!rida lad h.n arantiledi fIori erin33o 1urth r.. oiu le ehowted It scap-. lie 3n itied the eri!-. a lt wrd hi iltbeon his ' , but ntW Iiths Iand: : h1 1 t he t t!i -3.ll31 m id3 e3 aw'Vy: and 3hil Ithe "hlit n's ailli-:s, po3 i :e: wd thilt' ap in this inslince. i. it . 3ahie Io think anything wvouMd have Thn~ th 3cae' oft 1e Clerk (f Court. lin Iex l--rhis own igrmt3re, in my 'ire.) i3Shows ha3t 3'h' i(3.3ie3 was a. de. Ifau .3er* ::'. b:3 a3go3as It. .iay. N t a said tr !ni about it ill .lter I hee.ptvinte1--r I 3our. 3. xe-pi the par V to wV1''hi th. m1ney waLs dne' et,-re1'l stlul re.cove.r, Whenl bisee tA as not pushed a1I1CI:t 'e 1all term. le can- itme ter redires. 'Tlih Attor.Iey 3 (;1'n1era vi-ilCtd Lex:inttn. and kpld4 lie Cerk-s office inl a bad condition. .v ith arehndsales asdvertised for the follow g.i ond3ay. The Grand .1ury, n bich nceC arily kn.-w of tlt sliortage', had railed to nulke ant\. pr3s(333i3inen1, or it menion t1h n3ater ; :ind hadl niot the Clerk. who a3ppear m3 fo rtunniiv. or 3'3arclesrat he 3 lit!r th a 3I3n criina , :ot)(: ily sent. ini bis resignlalt ion. I her' was tbs3.lutely 1 n3o, rem33 edy un1d.Er exi'tinig. law,. Old3(1 3e 13333. il~tvo 5013.1 Ilie ial. pocketed tlie nony. anld litwd tihe oiee 1a in st, an'y pro evst till ne'xt term of Court. Tie General \.ssembly have a choice betw4een two evils tivin more power to the Governor, which nav 333e atosedt as -against :a few 'men . or per miltling thin t1o rvmain as they are, to the injury o h lie publie at large. and1 producing di3eoitfent a a demnorabizid, condil ion ofi ihs Pubhe servire(. If given auithority to correct tbese evils. I will do it fearlessly. If it is tbought better to trust to juries drawn by the n3o13 wIllo are to t I ried. 1 am content. -imce ttention has been called to the.! matter and :he( people can understband where the blame rests. Charlestont Supervisorship. At Your last session a law was passsd pro vidini::- for .n entirely neAw registration in the city of Charleston. under special Cornmis sioners. The reason assig1ned were, that the ld :registr.ltion was largely fraudulent, and .Inder it many citizens were disfranchised. The work was performed in a highly satis factory mat3er by the three Comiissioners, Messrs. Williams, *-ial: ..nd O'Neill. But before it was completed (May :3lst) complait was made to ine that Mrt. W. P. Cantwell. the upervisor of Registration for Charleston ounty. into whose custody the new registra tion books were to be delivered, was aL man unworthy to hold so important a trusL {harges were preferred against b im of dishon orable and unfair conduct, In hoiding a Demo ratic primary and a request made for his re noval. Upon investigation I found that can twell was holdin-g, at the tile, the office of Clerk to the Board of Countv Comiinissi:>n ers as well as that, of Supervisor of Registra tion. Section 91 of the Revised Statutes provides that this 3o)ier "shall contitIue in office till his successor shall be appointed and shall qualify: and lie shall not be eligible to an3 >thier oliee during the term for which he it appointed." While I knew that thezSupreme Court had declared this provision of the law 3gainlst n5 eilgibility unconstitutional, be lieving that the Legislature which enacted the! law clearly intended t3at a Supervisor of Registfation should not hold any office while acting as Supervisor, I promptly removed him on that ground ; and though I did not so slate, I may as well say that I was alSO largely Itlienced by the belief that the charges agalnst I im were true, and thatli he was niot a proper person to hold the office. Recogn-izing his right, o:' a ppeal to theSeuate, ii he so dessred, and learning that le denied my right to remove him. I appointed Mr. Geo. \V. Williams Deputy supervisor and or dered the Speclal Commissioners created by ACt of Decernber 21,90, to turn over the new registration books to nim. This they did, andfd Mr. Williams held the office and dis charged its functions until Judge Wallace (in June) issued a peremptory (order for hiin to surrender t the Master. Mr. Miles. This action on tme part of a Circuit Judge was an extraordinary proceeding. and, while the matter Is a trivial one and might be dis missed without a second thoughlt. there is in volIved a principle of vast i mportance should tfie dangerous Precedent tt:us established be allowed to go uncialli-nged. In my opinion -Judge Wallace presumed overinch whlen be unldertook to review the cion3 of tile Fxecutive at all, un3less thlere ad been a1 clear anld 333313istakable usurlpat lon if authority 031 mty part. But when! 13e ~trins tilt inlterpretaktionl of a statfitte in or der to) giv.e excuse for inlterferenlce with tie lecutive. and at tilesame time usurps the fnttions of the Sentate to accom13plishl hisptur pose, it 3s tirneC to treat, tihe ruutter gravely. It is. I th1in1k, ea3sy' to sho0w that lhe has done33 botih. ArticleI, Section %,. of the Constltu ton o)1 Southl Car1olia declares: "n the133 gov r33 tnentt of thils Commilonfwealth tihe Le;:isla tive, Executive anld Juldlciai powers of the goernmlfent shall1 be fore2ver separate anfd dis tinct. irom each oth~er, anld no person or per. 53333 exercisin~g the 3unction3 01 oneC of said De partmenits sh~ali assumne or discharge thle du ties or any other." Here is clear and emphatic demanld againlst 0ne branc33h of the go.vernmlenit :ntermleddiing~ 3.v1ithile othler. 53ec130n 91,i ltCiese Statutes, pr'ovides: "Thel Governor shall a3ppoint1, by3 and33 w.it h theC ad .iCe an~d con315ent of tile Senate13., i f in session, 33d if not in 53essi0n, su.bjctl to the appro~vd 33 tfle Seniate at ifs next session, anid snbject 0 remfloval by' the G.ov.error, 03y and1( with 3the1 (o01 ent of the Senate, one competent and dis eret person as5 supervlsor of Registrattionl, Th'lis langulage appears very plain. but Judge Wallace did not(3 interpret it .s I did, or he3 wold have retused to) h1ear argumen.t33 33nist 3333 action. Let us1 examin~e it. The3 overnor is authorized to appoint t, pervis. rs, bu3t tile Senate3 mu33t a3pprove.. ie is a3u3 hrie'd to miake sucht appoinlttuents while113 heSeate is 310t in session. bnt must submlit ils ppotIntmlent to it when103 it meets. Hle 33av. remove Is appoinltees (for catuse, 01 :O'rsI', however trivla333 or ulnlaw.3ful1 to other fifds than is own,) an1d once remloved the 3331y power 3 ha3t eanl reinstate him Is tihe Sen. 3t. JudgeWe V. contenCfds 33.3t thle power3: 33 reflnoval cannlfot be exercised unless the Sente is in sess5ion. I f tis is a3 propel. illter 3rttinl, the Sena3te alonle wil31 hold the pow. - of remnoval, anti not (lie Governor ; and ih le Governor is al owed to alppoilnt du1ring a1 s3.riod when the Sen'fate is n2ot in3 5esionl sub ect to thleir a3ptproval, 1s it 1not clear tha3t het ,vas15expectedi to. exercise that power 1in the n3 tIer of remloval also 7 If 031e provision03 3.a33 nlecessary' to guard a1gain13t ai va3canc3y 331(m deatfh or othe3r cause,' 3s not3 (lie other3 e)cs~s:33ry to insure thie proper execution oi ie 1:aw.? Juldge W llace's dieci'sion pal3dyses the exe ution of tile 133.3 should any Stupervisor re 13:5e or ::eg~ect to obey' It. Take. the case 01 . T. .M1elroy, Supervisor 03 Laurenrs Coun0 3. 'The 5eator and33 Replresenltative.s of that 3.nty a-ked for his rerntoval 031 the groun~d 3) drunk3enness' and negc13'(t to openI his oth1ee. Iremove3'd 1h113, 3but had lie atpealed to, Ju dge V.t :iace he wouod ha ve beeni re'instalted be 33-a 3e tosoth1 thleSenate wals not1 in session! lne l ppsi tionl is 33 abhsurd, and13 it3cn5 .uneS,1 ilt llowe, aire so 33non1strouis, tim3t i ! s :3rno. imosi ble3 to refratin from cha3rgingl -na3t'5 prerogaitive' 3or theC put3 pose of bring 3333 the lixec'rutive inlto)con3temlp.-an evas51ion 3f ue c:icar1y d1efined' powers a3nd1 dtitis 01 -33'or3 31e3not) on '' 3"as13med" tio di smis i ne t 01) l ie 3,3vernor-' a tppo3ntees. 1)epu ty Su p)erv.:'. r Wi 33iams,3 b.ut to reins3tate tile otti3eer re~ 3ov3.. . 1' Cnt wei!1, whIichl powe31r vested 3ii 33 .enate alonelt. Anid how diid lie d. \n1 appea1v~l has 333.3n t;tke toti (0 e 330u3pre3t1 ur.3Icannot pretenCi:3d to a(rguie the utw3 ioi 313s invl3.ed. Ion I31(131 no lawy.er': bt an3 ''xami3.33ationt. of 33ecuotis flI, P33, 4: 3133d 33. .3 te. Codtie of l'rtocedulre, un der wh3.ich: .Jud33e .llaIce 3 ated, wili 3.how.3 thait tihey alppear to mye3.' beeni iscon.etstruied or Itorgo~tten3. They -fern to -usurpatlion333 333 e31ic." otr'"refu53a to urrnde~tr" 333 expliraition3 otf terml or rem3 ovalI 333d 3a rle3 IIo sahow:3333 aue3.co31d 0313 i.le 333 en comp1l1in3 t and jud3m3ent. Thise Sel ti31s relfe to an.3 enirely. di 1feet 33133iion03 ol 3at3l33rs to the 333ne we333 l1.tve:3 t Con rid oif old otlicetrs at terupting33 to 13old over. not3 0 313e rernIioval of new3.3 (3ne3sijust instaled3:3 biey3 give at Ju3133e power tot13' install3a oler 03wiy e3 tected or .3 ppoint3ed. no to33 3k lee in' or i nstte an3 iad 0333 who3 11313 been remiovedt c.rd31n33 to law(3. W'ithi tlii exlanation3 i03 I ubm13t the m1atter' : thei con3siueraion o3330 the 533nate, confi3den3t hlt thatt body w.3.31 vinidlate 331y li''Ii .ovrnorn an 3d defend3 its own 31re'ro3tin 33.'. 1133 mIwarle 3ha: 33n 1thus comment33 o(113 on1 a ludge-sacion0 I maly U' a3:3ccse of commit-13 :n3 tile very o'ffense3 with31 wh.ich' I am3i chari3' 33main33 of a3 c.'-trtlunme departmen3c3t of3 331 invernment3131, The3 teneral33. Assemblyit ena.13cts tw3, 313e Judges con.struc thiemi. 333d thle G;ov 'r13333 excectes . ITt say3 tha1t 3a3 .3vern3or .ioubit3 3not ri iis a :1':.13d33e, even3 031 the~ S3u .reme3( benlch, whe th'f 3le righits an3d powers' of 33is of lit'e are' at isue, 35 a333.1rd.. .Judges are 333 men:3. 33nd they.' are'i nl.iei'ner iable or3 all 3iin ite. "or tin3' l-:xecutive.3 :and( Lexgisla3tiv3e deioa3rt itnts 31 to 33uumtt 51lavisa 5 Cilne to :3nreai 33nable13 deisionls woul33d be a betra'3) al o3 thle rusts reposed( in 31he1rn3 by the le.1 I have31 obey-dtl t' Courit. an3d 33m333nly. re5st 133 ene3r33achme33333 331 3my. ofrliee. 'There was rItniy a3 gratve dub a3333s to.33 wether 3my3 con3 iv- the I-:xectivel.' 3the tenefi3t .3 3130 dou3bt. Beoedi,33i 35ir 333the mat 3er I d sire to are.3 .o33.wed and3. which3:3 will t3ecess itte 31'3.' becomte 3 aare o3 is mi.3stak., 3331 while11. ei3r3n 33"an311w~ell tile legal Suiierv.isor (r: ijvaleoniy:133 when th) Ile eat 13 s reit 333.10 - -',,iantunny topars I cer~t t e-at ;n a, :s o. nun~cpal -ionra v~ich e::sif 1 - aber a: ,I tov i n A na wxi e me-ti (A at r !S l il ei rte re -I ist 1n. I w 1a' .. 1% t 0 -n on t io d th e .et W- I.,in i ntod in retd. a 1:*r::' i dw-r of r. . s bevara' dac .1 in t I y --tnt.'' ii1 hwer. rndi ,tlently aftet r the bo i ctse i,: uy.t and I relncomend the 'a 's. dert: cit hel iain at! cer'icates beari t 4. ut t:te: a! mn inl at h'tc or RichIlamL.1';,i: Soi ISmuh'-r anI d 1'erk Iv . TMC'imlinas Law. A%-z the diattte of my olice bri e into in tuInata- connteetion With II~ n i , entent ialry, and tit nith- 4'otf-iron bltie al' iso a SOUrce of conste lt br and worry, i tvet had my ait ttiondirt:-d tcertaindefets in the crim .itl tuv. to xhich I ask your at tntion. "*The ihaws delay" hn beevn a mrtter of compaint orenturies, an d thAre have been f la Sito many instance of* thle flitiiure of jilstice to punih th e mto- tlagrant crtimes, anti, if at all, aftr, the p atience of tIie people has become iexaUStedy, thit I canot tostronly impress ptito thv L , lIature the necessity of sone eCees. Con t sntiances are raed upon the tie pretxtn. Appeal are taken upon no pre-text s hall sovextim, and tcrimo, when backed y mony, appear to override or Ibrek through te ineshi of the law with iititry, i hat it is ao wonder tat our citi zbn, have t lites forotten themselves and taken tle wi itnto the;rown hnnds. I give as lusltnceS oft justice long held at baty bhe Turner and Senn case-s fin -partan hr:d, theimes ae in Darlington and the Joeiscase in Ed eid. Tne renedy which Id0 to suggest is, thlt jrf, which i have every reason to be-lieve flow are someltmes tampered w vith or -fixed" beforehand,shall be drawn In open Court por the nixt term, tfter the Judge In nron shall have examined the boxes and seen t hat every hing is correct, In the prosectiiro of critinal cases the So licitor is aiays at a disadvanuge, He of len confronted by the ablest lawtyers at the bacr, wh live in the County, and are ae qutainted with wvitnesses, jurors, etc. But teedif Riculties ar ! 1requently overcome and verdicts, obtained in spite of themz. The hmain reason why so many crimes go "unwhipt or jutice" is that the cases are not properly prepared for the Solicitor by the Triali Just ices or Coroner. If the oiceof Coroner were dighnifeed and tle salary or fees made commensurate so s to a e it a desirable office; if it were filled by a competent lawyer, whose duty it should be to investigae all deaths caused by vio lence, collect evidence, prep tare becase and act as aseistant prosecutor n his County, we w nould have mnany a man convicted who now .-oes scot-free. Then If Trial Justices were re ui ared to attend Court and help the Soicitor i cases where thed have he:d a preliminary exaiinatio, ritiwuid ad ilageromly onte list of convictions. Another abuse is, that nstead of a prisoner undcer sen tence, and i whose case appea! has been taken, being required to be brought into Court At the next termu for resentence, thus entai lint expense upon the county for uain tenlance, the stenee shoulei be executed as :,oon ashme Court to ussba!a have dismiss ed the appeal. Then there hould be sthtr t nd mandatory legislation prohi biting a Jsudge from continu ing a case tait had been once contin ed, ex cept uender extraordinary circumstances. Atiother is to inaKe ite obligtor upon the Su p~reme Court to disbar any attorney wno takes an appea I on frivoous grounds. It has come to tie pass that nt appeat is almost a matter of course,n a astay of proceedings follow,,. In reference to the punishment of criminals I desire to direct attention to the advantages oin a reformatory sense of what is known as the indeterminate sentence, which obtains under different conditions in asrachusete, New York and other Northern State. *ocie y for its protection against crirne has enacted a code of laws for it purtishment, an the primary objec is first to secur e pr commu nity from t repetition by incareerating the prisoner. The next object should be the re ormation of the criminal and his restoration, if that be possible. Uunder the arbitrary ipse dixit of a Judge grea hrons rer often com mnitted and sentences altogether out of pro portion to the enormity of the crime thi posed. The system to which I allude provides a rmaximum and minimium punishment for the diterente lssesof crime. The prisoner when Sconvicted is sentenced in thediscretion or the oJudge, but he can by his behaviour In prison reduce tr increase the punishment by giving evidence of being a hardene-d reprobate or showvin.-a desire to reform. Thle law in this ase lin poses upon the prison authorities the duty, and gives them he power by a fixed ra tio, to Increase or dimdinish the prisoters punishmnent in accordance writh his behav I sor. The otnder ths enters prison with ev Anr~therl marttrwic In rought stroy uorit. e inorportion or th peuremenf pin the (ltwhat the eiear Ireoret that tedsuch rcfulersas.,ionlo aexhirsi eculd totnappen god behutior Cfromtei thraan ethtese lais no eplltore conptheatey arm, awhil weo he amodrardenedganized nal. tBeo eavind theignmatye of rie and( ito suppresvloc, wind briy reald thee foreure Ite hto the recenta Assebly onTne see an wha tich that boring o the yate lawmeit thwate haerthron sup rme h andhto tin pou ora prsoner aeet toyforged,: That militar hdisraeful callditon ol twfIce could none wastthit hee as daneraut orgnie andsereici lia fent fore- mplysuniies at-n terd alotie teott uphods laely tof tle aw adtupressioio dioecn oudter.eiecs fmiti ifiorhi urethatltheGntttivery trsemlyt contn tit Ioterimattareit tof omiltIa stath thr am Iato ray itht rdutring Cteya thec law i theyb Stte hseieso eupra adpties norrrson by prsoerfi hat bentryncd. and toitistarv abe cattedionuonl sonice ofwhe itlcas hought there watsrager, our annals Iee ovtte thSate tendslaly te forp-h presniont of dstrdl ervlThecst by theContyn inge thisetliohmrntr ishl verdtrfin thwher rltpre witho sc benetiol. ptis thee asioroaiio requir ouny c wrnin to a diherif oin anemrgncy bewend tl thisaue mayi te attribte somt the s syens thi ae riidisw raed andur anas. sItcotmend thaprvI.iona be allower the pavmet ofh scht esedrviet b theiCoutyd wteever ah Governo sall passder Ther ae Rateptlisilh rood ontro tih dcwire to dierenicea od cpininteent te Lisatur antsderte: Excnie Isa throvas Iaeon pramendli the Aclo thtIn col conpe exres' he1' hople art.t t tieaee o oie ust'ed trd "Ottroper unill pirssed. There ate omty fots rirthed pyros iaw te which. As dstr todne ie atetircnd commend are ouhi e reaosedbi etder. orsaprovis o aieen iig the colnsotoia-tin linomest-r inut Cines.Tthe adsorp iv y leae buil asthe Nttiehasr ones nltl i'rtu ly thereath oiy prour raierps sstemsi in teatote to fasoitoa moew lies are constructed their ab bougt or esdb.Ieodrcoprtos ale manytcommnioef i the sette rioh ~r taIert'ting ut:ned a' hevdeta contacte tilin the yeuriydrao of hen finet tae Ther- t. ael maintmoe ittads vtteededl 01' Southit Caroina,:md th'ley it be bout thf IltatelC inrae tisntttr poutwin an ealtou Thei prope tepon sholbe takwl en tunc to r ieov te tt e otheto threhion alasin aidntIt moopile bpreetingh taeioan wTh wuihvnt othe asismeo railroad Wiroprt has autrted idespreadow atindr onit a bot in. .ow it Tchere o hee coplit of mjstin t his 'rtl e matter,~ btI whienz of caidiynu ottr. io to ton mtlte pactit le Gergia? ha'e how) lgitlesol1ii lt founato this yer schv cmaing oIt. Th tincrasea of the taxtod whc ilhave ritr')Ito a eqpiird by lahe butlroad tl aproxim~ at ll it. Now, tnde xi te ig r2Ias,17 howt- rateh imotree ttotl te pl ents South llI' Cartln peai ir titriee oft sitding rneot'roa itan te peopletC of Georia gtf have5 no siare' on ihv''tit pint for tis. yatidw nt t f th-'at seegra ofthril frd have ot rep~isotd asrequirdb la b~tr The at rnd passenaar enin l tshien it~etd as -t-ore t of the i f~r: Cosin f otnbn' ar actual .tl.il/'.'. -1ioi'. iv t e i- bre an arha, ttcnts per. w h'.i If eria it tisca t re centIsta dito fIec tiofia a'l~tr hal no puter mi soIng an.L rIt reads at atldit Ma': i tor atic tyeaTte rt~i lod can itl ait ata nthinr ased as er 'anen't wr-h Is fartl rainrbeigy thei act'ual v lnis: It ron b: lie r itit' own ie, andlti have' jol.wiI lt! railchl~d they ere all-Ied tr omitu~ostt ione r atno pye uto ylies an ~e :t'es.it 3~r. ITh e (t would h wietogivthe mtte o May.n ra:I irt illhroperyend ttChcg hands ofl thie Iailroa ntd i -ma11ionerso istledo impa'ainig :Lt alaat, upon ahe lStaei Trlaur ritv~ tom tra'tit n rlS rtr of CIpt ,ttt to' he Stte mif a, trnsey Generl, fat lthesCmiresnionet Iug ta totbe let' toC iantu.t t e atl, with the ques jilt is ryom ta' he very ntre olte is aton judgei'of er ala properItyt5 an tile tatlrtl iTyh~ i )lie Ic:o Expostth it~Ion a.et Int tMay, t'.' l beti n I o fee ar hingrthe rm sis \Vt d - ubl wichi d as i e' I e:t beten he t.he p~port unity otI bfe rdeditt so rt p oferl