The Manning times. (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, December 02, 1891, SUPPLEMENT, Image 7
THE MANiNIMG TlIMES.
Manning, S. C.
SUPPLEMENT.
GOVERNO' T ESAGE$
COMMUNEIYE REVIEW.
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE CONSIDER
ATION OF THE LEGISLATURE.
Message of Governor B. R. Tillman.
as Presented to the General As
sembly. November 24. IS91.
GenZemen of the General AssembWi:
Another year has come and gone. bringing
the period for the representatives of the peo
ple to meet and perform their functions as a
part of the government; and, as required by
the Constitution, it is a duty imposed upon
the Executive to "give to the General Assem
bly Information of the condition of the State,
and recommend for their consideration such
measures as he shall judge necessary or
expedient."
The reports of the several heads of depart
ments and Executive Boards will furn isn fall
information and details concerning all State
institutions and the several departmients of
the State goverunent. But I will briefly
condense such informution as I dee mnost
important, and which will aid your honor
ablebodyto grasp the general situation in
the State and condition of its institutions.
Finances.
The reports of the State Treasurer and
Comptroller General are very full and com
prehensive. and an examination of them
will give a clear understanding of the States
finances. The condition of the Treasury is
better than it was last year, but is far from
being satisfactory.
I desire to compliment Treasurer Bates for
the clear and comprehensive manner in
which he has set forth the condition of our
finances. It is so plain that the dullest can
comprehend it-a criticism which does not
apply to some of his predecessor's reports.
Iwilk only give a brief summary, so that
you can gather the general situation.
RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES.
Cash on hand October 31, 1890...........S 77,913 93
Receipts, all sources......................... ,73,752
Total................81,151.606 91
Expenditures......................SI,07,081 51a
Balance October 31,1891.............. 6,615 02
Total. ...............................S1,151,696 91
The following is a comparative statement
between 1890 and 1891 as to cash on hand:
1890.
Cash balance October 31, 1890........... ,94 93
Outstanding warrants...................... 41.802 8
Net cash balance.......... ..... 3.141 11
Borrowed money... ................... 500 00
Overdrawn on banks........................ 2,S00 00
Due by State October 31, 1890...S 73.300 00
Less c .as ................ 6,1-11 11
- Leaving net debt, October 31.
1890...............................----..S 87,158 S9
1891.
Cash on hand October 31. 1891..........$ 64,615 02
Less outstanding warrants ............. 14.250 1S
Net balance............... ............S 50.364 19
Add balance paid for 1890................. 37,1&8 89
Difference In favor of 1591... 87,5'2 08
Here is a comparative statement of liabil
* Ities or floating indebtedness, which may be
called for anly time:
1890.
'DEBTOR.
Cash labilities, October 31, 1890... 489.197 33
Net debtor. ... .......-.-....S 411,253 40
Assets, October 31, 1890:
Cash In Treasury................... 77,943 23
itemized as follows:
NOVEIBFER 1, 1890.
Assets in cash, October 31, 1S90:
Cash balance, October 31,.1890....... 77,943 93
As follows:
General account............ 3.943 06
Department Agriculture.... 33,622 27
Sinking Fund Commis
sion.................. 39,."40
Redemption deficiencies.... 1,en 20
Total...............................S 77,943 93
Current liabilities, in cash, Octo
ber381, 1890 :
Interest doe and not called for... 177,878 84
Loan (interest to be included,
$500).-........................ 50,000 00
Depiartment Agriculture, due on
department warrants (since
pad.............................. .... 6,047 00
Department Agriculture, applied
to Clemson College............ 15,000 03
Slnking Fund CommissIon....... 3937 40
Interest on bonds not yet funded... 91,826 00
Unpaid balance of approprIations.. 106,60S 07
$ 489,197 33
1S91.
Cash liabilities November 1.1891.. 42S822 83
Cash assets November 1, 1591......... .615 02
Net cash indebtedness............. 363,617 S1
As shown In following :
ABsTRAcr CAsH AssETs ANDf LIABILITIES,
NoVEMB5ER 1, 1891.
Assets in cash October 31, 1891:
Cash balance October 31, 1891...S 64,615 00
As follows:
General account................... 22,876 49
Department of Agriculture......... 1,114 52
Privilege fertilizer ta................. 187 50
Sinking Fund Commission......... 81,010 31
Redemption deficiencies (sales
Blues)...... ....................... 99897
Clemson bequest, cash............ .. 5,247 7S
Excheated property, cash............ 2,661 64
Downer Fund, cash.................. 517 7h
Total..............----.. S 64,615 0
CURRENT CASH LIABILITIES OCTOBER 51,
1891.
Interest due and not called for... 178,990 64
Interest on bonds not yet funded,
after fundin ...................... 92,89:1
Sinking Fund (,ommission......... 31,00 31
. iclal accounts reserved........... 9,332 42
L npaid balances of appropriations 116,000 00
S 428,232 83
The following Is an abstract of liabilities
other than cash, 1st November, 1891. (Bond
debt :)
Total liabilities 1st November.,1890:
Cash lIabIlitIes........ 489,197 33
Liabilities other than
cash. .............. 6,433.517 72
86.922,715 05
Cash assets 1st Novem
ber, 1890......... 77,943 93
Net Indebtedness 1st
November, 1990.... 86,844,7~1 12
Total liabilities 1st November, 1891:
Cash liabilities........ 428.232 S4
Liabilities other than
cash............ . 6 ,406,606 00
336,634.838 S3
Cash assets 1st Novem
ber, 1891............ 64.615 02
Net indebtedness 1st
November 1891..... 86,770,223 si
During the year the
Sinking Fund Com
mission has pur
chased and retired
Brown Consols
amounting to....... 26,911 72
ABSTRACT or LIABILITIES OTHtER, Ti! AN
CASH, NtOV E31BER 1ST, 1891.
Brown Consols.........5 393.076 70
Blue 4 1-2 per cents.....4 0,0 003
Brown 4 per cents, 1'890 29,3961 7"
Agricultural C o liege
Scrip.............1 1.S 00
Deficiency Stock out
st anding..............77 '
Bondsand Stock stilt
fundable In Brown
Consols, less inva
lidity, d-c..........3 1.14 SS
- - 86,4406,g6 03
The following extract from the Treasurer's
Report calls attention to matters which ar
of great importance, and I caunot better pre
" beg ieave to c:aI your atn .: '
of the i.gishiture esper::ai y, to the tat'. t
the State owes a are :iati eu tia
at I.*1ki of Uost diut t t e CO O" -
sides unplaid approriati:'~sa set in ab"t
and to th- Iurhe; ia t tikat Ithe -1' .
'Treasury Reserve ltnd' is pract:caly ; iy: h
repreent inig fir the r,Os: -a an
credits of the State. Thie -uk Ii and
tion of' what tilttu:c e
ury Iaes ve .' aVi t ha
wewn 1te Act was i' t-AI 11
been expeided. as I under n
goveriiag the Sinking Funid. in iFtd II
warrants drawn ins:tA1 Z by th* .s. d
CommIIissiollers (theSikng l-nd I i e .
reet, tax 1und perzion utider lt l .
amlounlt"11 or"iin41 y to gG 4 the ;I ntoupnt
received t tonlgrss ha. een tel ted
. by pay tns its uplon the warr i N m
the Governor to parties to whoi it b it ,d
under the law.
"'Tle interest 0n the ufnded bonds lit
been reduced grad ianiy, as thW fnind; I
Brown Consols progressed, to ;. :'. s ts
tiiated. But it shold be bOrne im m1t -
these are in a sense debts the Stvt . ez- eSnd
do niot constitute a IInd practically held I:
reserve In the State Treasury.
"The only availatle way to create a reserve
fund is to i aise actual imoney by taxation or
by tie sale of State ecurit -s and tICn hul
it in reserve for the special ptrpo-es for which
it was created. A reserve !und is really need
ed to imect the realil large floating debt ofthl
State, eomposed prn;ieipaily of past die. bttI
unealled or. intertest. and interest on uniund
ed bonds, estiiated to be ,l,Mai., besi
unpaid appropriations. It, wuild perhaps Ilet
ter satisfy the people of the State if the Legis
lature would have this reserve fund Investi
gated by a competent Co(lunittee."
The "myth" or mystery of this -Treasury
Reserve Fund" IIh- lou.- puzzled many be
sides the State Treasurer.
The Act o: December' tl., ls, creating 1.
Treasury Reserve Funud set apart
and required "That said fund sliail be held by
the Treasurer (i the State ul South Caroina,
to be used in paymeilt of all niterest due L
on the bouded deit of the State and appropr
atioins made by the Ueuera.l Assembly : Pr
cided, There be no other iunds in the Treas
urs appiicable thereo. And when taxes are
coliectedand paid into ihe State Treastiy,.
the Treasurer snal at once, from said couve
tions. replace the antunt of S:id RIeserve
Fund which has been used. - 1 , Said
Iiund to be used and replaced as liereinbeiore
L.irected in each succeeding tiscal year.
Now, these tigures either represented cash
or they did not ; and iL tile iloiey was there.
has been since spent. in excess o the receipts
from taxation, it should appear. it the inonley
can be honestly accounted :or. it will bUe a
source of satislaction to know it. Therefore I
cordially join iti the recoiniendation that
steps be taken to thoroughly investgate the
whole matter. It is idle to continu e t) ieep
I this 'mythical" jund on the books of tue
Treasury, and the Act cieatiig it should be,
retealed.
As will be seen by the Comptroller Gener
al's Report, there is an inerease on the assess
ed value of prope rty this3 ear over last or '1,,
ti,S, and that olicer deserves couiienda
ion or the zealous and unui:.chimg manner
in which he has endeavored to ferret out tax
dodgers and make th::an share tie burdens oi
supporting the governieatt. Tne law pro
vides that property shall be assessed at its
*real market value." And, whIle this is dti5
cuit of accomplishmeit, the Comptroller and
his subordinates arte none the less bound by
their oaths to carry it out, as far as practica
le. It cannot be done in one ear, or in live
and there is neIther sense nor ;Law tor tie
clain that it imust be done "all in one year
or not at all. It is like rtquiring a chld to
walk before it crawls, or reiain urever in the
cradle. There is, aud always will be, great in
equality in taxauon. Much property will al
ways escape entirely ; buL when At call be
I shown that any one species of property is
placed on the tax books at its vselling va ue,
we have gone a long way towards bring;_ t; i
all up to that stanuard. We have begun on
the railroads and banks. Justice demand
that we go through tue whole list. and I join
the Comptroller in asking that provision be
made lora reassessment of land next year.
In this connection I would urge the necessity
for a change in the County governments and
the mode of assessing property.
County Governments.
The office of County Commissioner should
be abolished. and in place of It a govern nit
by townships substituted. Three intelligent
men In each township, elected by the voters
thereof, should be entiusted with tue nan.
agement of the roads and bridges, schools,
and the assessment of property in the same.
The Chairmen of these local Boards should
olitute a County Board to manage the
Co ty finances, audit accounts and order ex
penditures. Thesalaries, if any, paid these
Township Commissioners. or Slectmenti, can
be determined by tWe voters or fixed by law.
The Constitution can be changlld to abolish
the office of County School Commissioner,
and these charges will inevitably restult in
reat saving to eachl County, while there wl
be a corresponding increase In ellicicney
Property willi be assessed at its real vya lue, a
millions now hidden wvii be muade to payit
share of taxes. This County iuardi shaouldal
so consti tute the County Board of Evalia
tion, instead of bein" ap~pointed, as at present
by true Auditor.
In this connection I suggest the propriety
of requiring all notes, d-c., to be staitipe-d by
the County Auditor nid placed on tax book
to make them collectible by law. Matke tihe
note shaver or lender pay taxes as welIl as tie
land ownier whose property stands in his
name while he perhaps owes as much as it is
worth. Equity would require that a tman de
duct his debts from his property anid payta
on the remainder. This is inipractitcabte, but
It is better that property shall be tretly tax
ed, both debtor and creditor paying, thin tha t
the debtor must pay double, as he is obli ed
to do and the creditor pay nothing, as is too
often done.
D~efaul ters.
The investigations by ditTerent ofhicers dur
ing the year have brought to light the Laet
that the "incipient rottenness" charged last
year as extsting in the government wats net al
myth. A shortage or $5,5$ was discovered Ill
the office of the A djultant and Inspect or Gen
eral, a like deficit of $t89 in the aicioun t of tihe
clerk of the Penitentiary, and the Comptroller
General has foun~d shortages still utnsettled iin
the Treasurers' omeies of Chlarlestonl, Sumiter
and Union. aiggregatlng 59,608. That offieer
says In his Report that there had beetn a good
deal of money made good of which no meni
tion is made, an d that in necarly every Coutn ty
irregularities and errors existed, tuhe amouti ls
aggregating upwards of 3:000 which lie col
lected and turnied inito the Treasury. These
are the fruits of an exaininatioli of tihe bookls
for one year only. W hat would be unearthed
i tbe Investigations were carried back sever
al years, is lelt to conjecture.
The Asylum.
At your last session a special Committee
was appointed to investigate the atfiirs .of
this Institution. This Committee begain its
labors in April. and, after taking v-ountary
testimony from some of the employees of the
institution. adjoturned without cotmpletitng its
work. They found, its I afterwards learned,
that one of the inimates had been allowed to
retin a pistol in his possession, atid other re
prehensible irregularities. hsiortly aiter
wards this same patient made a mntrderous
assault on otne (if the attendants. andi the mat
ter beitig called to my attentlin I itunediate
ly summoned th:2 Commit tee to come baick
and conclude its labors. Two of tihe mtemf
ers, Dr. Strait, Seniator from aieaster, tand
Dr. Goodwin,' tneniber of the House tromt
Greenville. respondedi and as I am, ttnder
the Constitution, charged with the appont
ment of all offleers and etmployees of the in
stituion, I went with the Committee andi we
made a thorot:gb andi searching iinvestigatilot
into Its management- A stenogtriipher was
employed, who took down all imnportaint tes
timony. as part of which will be printed tor
y-our information to accomupany the report of
the Committee. We fotund that there 1had
been very lax discipline and negligence, at tri-I
butable to the Superm tentdeiit, Dr. P. E. Gril
tin ; and after::iving that centlenian an op
portunity to disprove the charges mnadt
against him, which he refused toi accept, lie
was removed and the institutison placed temi
porarily in charge of Dr. Thion:psoni. Thei
correspondence ini the case is on ille in tile
Executive office for the lunspectiuon 01 tiny
menber of the General Assembly who dhe
sires to read it. Sly isight into the corndi
tion and workings of the intstittutiont antd
knowledge of its wants was tar,;ety iincreatsed
by this personal inivestigation, tand I can reit
erate, with confidence, the opinions and al-I
vice given int my inaugural address as to
chages in its managzement.
The present Suiperinitendent, Dr. J. W. Ilah
cock, an accomnphlished and thoroughly edut
cated specialist, who was appointed ini July
last, and assumed control oti Auigust 15, has
ade some sutggestionls in wh ich I heartily
occur, in reference to the admuissioni of -
tientsanid to othier mattters cotnnected with
the institution.
A Jotint Resolution weas passed lnst lieenm
er, authiorizin~g the appointment by the Ex
ecutve of a spiecial Commnit tee itt three pity
sichis aind two citizens who shotuld e-xatmmen
thepaietsinthe Asylumi andi re-prti as to)
ie nunmb er of itmbeei tes and harm less Iiun:t:
ties who could ibe moure- economtiiilly suppll)
ed at the Countty P'oor Houses. I liave- neveri
atppoited this Commtuittee, becaiuse I keIt ta
it was atn unnuecessairy exptense-. anud b-caus
Iof the fact that the Iiws gov ernin tg thie ,d
mission of pat iets toi the m ustitutiont wond
n ill probability result in the speedty retturni
of such inrnteis to the Asyl tum. Butt tmy
request the three phlysietautf of the mtitu
tlot hav-e made asn exitin atioun i:tto tile econ
ditioun of eaich ratie-nt. withtavi' w to obtin
g this ver-y iniItomat iou. - Dr. i; b--ock'sre
port us given here iad it will be seeni titat if
these limates comtuiut tun der this de-seripthon
tire retnrnedl to th~e Coutilss whlene te
-cate, the expendisituires foir ma~rintentamt-eo
tle Asvltum witll be laugely decre-aset -lu-I'
presnut stralined aceoummotdationis relieved.
-Dr. Batbcock asdvise-s that thei powter ibe ::ve
the Sutperinte'ndent anid thlio-itrd oif I'i
-ias to) examutine patientts -t pplying' for ad
m ~issin whent sent to, the in'stiti under'
the existinlg latws, andis thatt their rejecttl i be
a lloed, if ther'e is unit coniilusivets- eidene
tuat thley aret proper pesrmuas to be~ adtm Itsed.
That there are abluses tunds-r th'e pressent a
nietods, and that the charit of0 thei. Stte Is
aoused undiser tihe preseni t systemIt, is beyoiind
o doubt, but his stugegs ionts will s-tiure at re
fron that will relieve tihe StattCe ort a nfne
1.||,.. ';o ;, C.N ri.. . .i of.
1%) j. 1, ,~ t V.(.' 1. 1.
~.lV: 1-,- t1:11 1 I'lr are : ow :n i he y
on l t 1reta--onV e..hite m::h 40 Ay inr: n
w..' t..- v in loratlt t mn ;avient "f the
wrn:.. i., who nay bW =0re :or by
ri . . ; o :l t y Poor lionii . inl the
.,,,m-. f tIr. '1 i(: i~n s-ni c t ti-i eIlve you
.n :-il r.. ..r h.' i- tint- O it. I 'in
ar. hc.-er. eehalin l ia nurber.-imy tw
A' . d e~lld; raitov helow seve'n h n e,
Ji\ SW.IA ',Su.
Tie Poor linow -: . inmtr ies in .ylu i.
.it nt n aed tio l lc.'Io tre et that Comnty
I ed Tor n -eed o by S- Ctlio i' of thle
hnlra! StatuteT rTle1 to le
11nvedfrm 'ho instiintioln h i noti:!ied
v, % he:, .r tn e t Ani instIanee oil ag
.t .oi-bele d ne to the haw cUcue-1 in t .
h- laetWin ('harh-oni I Amu I v. pen or i on
n-r there wa%:,, a1 Specvial A p~ased ill 1v9
au igto ine lu ih e tof the Oi'immis
ictrt:of Ihat ot n e e
.:s. .\cts L). i f they fail to obey sepown QG.
icin h l tionto thle -
ity- (If t h pe of conivicting 'olunty co111
tiali t.uid r c i co dition., ;hi, fr ct is
nntioned to show i he nteeiy f r oing
SMhe -:.ective th e power of p o<.
emnoval for certain oft:lses when the law is
hu ir-ir vs thle ues!eon.of
he o0upport Of llaupers is thu broached. I mn
lorporate her certain luets in refervitejto
hec Poor llouses oft se-veral Counties whicn I
br-aind through Ineir respective Audilors.
oL.Niu t-l il I
'i en.......... -
tiderson.- ---.. 2,111, 4 ea
arn ll ..... ... 771 4ii
e ley...... .. . a eo" for o .
itarilstonl.. . it. 't) $7s, i-hit-cd iu poor.
hestetild ~ -1t0 r
a.krendon ... ... - M
lPletol....... --- i virtu~ lly for ~o us
llrlington.. ... i (t!etmel .: ud fo feotn . -
dhefuic t ha.. 2n .c0i
2oitmic. ostng$lo0 Expndedl for upor.
m'ired by.. Seio * :( I tv~- :ttueS
A ome n e .. sylum..... ...i..etclOi t
isolt. , 11letl l.i. 1.5K tI, H id P. 11 to J, u Iia Y, itQ
in puprs trt edNI o ;4t1
nttli. . n ..i. n nee n e fr
lfor0 ..xp.nded. ..r Wor
airie d i-..... .. t ttir I (,: A
lre d ee....... ...
e torg etow ...
Treenviile...:r:.
Newbrry ..... ... 0
( eria ten.... ... tcisis 'L t t ei
,acster... ...e toi hs h-ei pi i it
.,aure u....... ... IN :
) hx w in t e ... d.. as i
ir n ...t ... .... . Ter ra f y .
,Iartlibura
.;ew m uerr ... rini J4
)enone......... ...2,M .e ry
)rd, biut.rgn ...EndI i t.
ek en......... ... t
o amnt Berkey1 from Po. H1. LtJul.
iotwlac ti handg Secior whc I-.t = 4d.(1
To rnqtin tied lir oiial e ir civi1.
To out funur r tcive l'lages (01101 o
cinhenls he 1.: f i t r' ru lly a 10 0
ror ~thl ou ~ty ,) frie iC - il0i w are
Implonh~ynuan brickm th
irguine.nt received in r iatigniml retnc'
n......i.t.L .. T a x C e x y o m i l
?0uinbia.n ecived for ranspily ora-pprt
Meic n... tilal 4,0 d Wigngt 0 e
pt-nbuew Co nectn 0, lte Jaucr
n r inio u.. . re. ve for Ni ry fee . t
s 59'Ms Sp'r nur ... 7-1 wi0 pp.a
".0aont paider per ioiem izcdston sen
ork....t..... .....5tu ....9..
lieiiredof Forriter thlisinitttIowou.d callc
Metion lls the C1reasounamsnt, ie otfcaesr
elin ... ..nllmptileoniamhur. , Ff csfor
neeiusv and Bere diavee ntoo Houisetal
tihstide lSuple o7,ic mn
'il nr o h oard of Diciretors.......... lat1
rrprequires thew Con oicis topoide'
:. Thtris fcorntsprthei :re ,dnumero
orteal aony Sponie fhorles tnwr r
umpedtonthei ai ASuliesan uedpaszon .1
rament onadacedrin my' inauualrqir (
og eaehcso Collnty ay suprtis ownd inm\e
alance Chean oinet ndto.some.ex.e.~ al;
hough it hasl n Almd.ou in th iyo
lubiot dc,00y snayfo uprt
cceisn t itl land e.ongin. 4 to t. e
uired by hect f7t' Ctid tue.
tie onn, it a poudatio tof 1,4hs
amat esulnthe Atsylum,1sa eiscondry ison theC
wist Cariestonhas to, wie ]rit poulaionp
n f.5,;an whi .:cl ths aountyia wpens
)00I onaperi atii- heti Charlestoi spendsc
whole yoien i un nesssary. an~c
rentono :sucte unreasct oul nd cuntrectsun
iblegwi i lieteerneesiin thieesou ofn icost. for1
ors ouses in th ditfre(dnt Counres,iil
The R orolt o the Boad fi recitirh and
pein :iertendn .~.s how tis ititutwon buo yheln
IheaIlthn cot-tion1.Th ninhe tofx recn
Ie s t i s y cbc ear is 9:1 as cmpared iith- c91
atiti ear itetion lhaI bee-r npaid Iito thn.
it itr -c c.>nditi andthe pr outr d ri tc c
ieu ril ones the Codsitys ulo uluch e
hownti or-the.- decrlea in. te death rte
Th erl nancal coniti-lis as ollows: i-u
I- irmicT eottlltili A.--ASt teen of iki' Ricivr
-d i ndti~ D -iisbured a ot h Carlina Teiten:
~inri b)urn (the Piaeriodu BeiringrJanuary
|rIti il innduEtdingountober :lltn OI91.
c-autrePlce.vdfo ...Lp
balncoha Janua :s, 1o....644
in am tl rceveeoroci- t lca covieii 't e. 25,:.21
00a outre ceived for sali- tle1Icles C tton c:i ~ 5
an dcl 01btle tilt.- prode.t s.......... v.. 21,510 :0
pr ition.-, bi k. Oiti t. i ........... . 1 018
u iaount10 ret'cived fort~ liundrili l'.csl
pagei, 1'ntes, ca........--.--...-------. ld .-itt I t
ro imsu V t'. l ci ved to r c sae o f'th i H o-~ ii
i e i~y dis ctaeb ' ll y.................. iiit... to 0 0-t0
iiol new Conis,c Novp.ebcer andI''t5O
D~enc t \r, ii.h....... ......................... oG Ii
oamti 5er ceivedl' h fo ruclt dg fransporta
Otsbr 1tcc1....... .ic- .......................- iol 9
totamou- nt ce iet ilsitor' cee-i ..c -12-~>10
.y auts paid Oer tl itrize, ucstic 'cl
m .e c t tnttsats. . ......... .............--.- -i d
:te'htslcof Formerill~b Adminitatin.....a,'~ ill
ay c.s bdls.-Prils-It. Farst' 1)nd-l oter sy
iiu clb irs istrene ...... ................... -h-c - li - do.ne in
it~net:I .\ ve : n !ar :! ;i:1d thorough ca. -
:tIs the mh it-riial on hanll. w t~e u ork
will h t In 1d t ta c th bil 1 i
stetriilla't'd~'i n 'or inid iu tl - tte it
(Li t~~h ~ it- L Lit)' !.0: 1 tak two, viars 1-Ii
het. , asi poi bl whue.'i~ ((-(oit hl iniii a f
og :typai ra~itu. str w .eeti ~
;ht'-s. powev.r and t he stud e i tr-a eg
e-ri nad netryin' w ih tywill pe
oe h a f r! t he r s l best aricultural.
nI'ehanial l inldu trial SC . l in lthI
.~~.iiih-Cl 111:1.. . .41C )(i
chool will e ti l Februi ry, bti I th ink it
I:.rdi I > ii vo 11 u tha e ry. unl w :
ilingt. Ii torl the att tht0. we have
L-e unab1 - to ge the A i u IIhI-ll the
t'rie t re L ow otrc11 o eony : and ih order
l .t to l4t! nt Ime r alow injury, whiot wn eilt
.iissarii v iiiliyow eenation weark. we hav
iorrowetd o.t'n I'ur ntlh l:l I(er tes with
[lich to r n i itb- v k. I inft rmed yol
n t) av i'ailuinurl eddr. htt lecniryr iaT
A w ould be to boild tie school with
5ut taxation but it. Wol h:tke twoybeaers iodo
Ct. and it, Will d Ipend rtpon the relti" ofL tl:e
,egLte t owhether the chool shall oLn ill
%tarchi or not.
The est imated inom1(l0 ttle (which-x wIllay expch
o have t r tie nttyea ita t af ollows:
rom I l an t che n y ........................ t . rs ""
-'rom M llrrili F un l r.....................~..... I1 . "
te o r o a o.......... .......................... re "
, IIv I I ege T ax ....................................... 4
T o tal ................................. ........- .. 4
Theireare tw o Iay unno we ciant itis ini thit
stima e, li (-tih rrill o lt,i ] and ltie privile et
I. Tti apotiir taf for te presenti yair
is befni'::.dayeat but whn we ardtmember
the preset. low eric of clotlon amnd the proh
:he :;ie oi'in t e en tnisupion of' ertil
izrs, 4t is not eltwcllate o lor aaln
tol privilege tax next year. The or p rrill
per wls acelpted by the General Asse me y
ast year ond euriuy divided het ween t'l i
son and Clailin Colleges, but Secretary Noble
hws ref'used t.o pay over lihe money onl that bat
Is and the( matter will have *,o be decided by
ongress. and it may resut in a re o lf o ate
clplat tit eerms offered bv the State. itils
veut th inconue owe theCoild will be muech
pess. A ecrefl estimate of flte amount neces
ary to run the tilnee with upwrd- ofcn
ytudents, to mter with) tho fxilerismental S1a
bioy Alid thie nee.-ssary expe.;dtures for the
nspectio and analysis of etrt ilizers and li -
opther work of fte ;d .\griesiural Iareau.
shows that it will take not ltes than C.t.
Therefore be tsay thoat we cannot both build
.il run thle schooi wid t help. It is en
irdly Lreticable to fin:sh it and equip it
withlout a dollar of taxation It the opening is
slefe1rred a ye-ar; but cal we afford thise
Shaol thle rezinentof young rien and boys
who are waitig to enter its portals be flrced
to seek scihools elsewhere or lose valuable
tico nvi witwin.! for lther opelingh I tim
pertAftly wel aware that this is no tim e to
olk for an increas d expenditure of public
money. The depresed conditon of ouragri
cultural interests, ihe- hardiness of the timnes.
admnonish mne that we should practice every
possible economy to redutce the burden of tax
at ion to a mininum. But it would be econo
my and wisdom too to forte sclomaes plan
tl which the Trustees might be able to bor
row this monepy complete the chool and
>pen its doors to students InI March. Ini a few
vears at most tfe surplus reven e of the Col
iege will be ainple to replate [the suim now
niecessary. I have laid th facts before you,
nd trust to your enlightened wisdom to de
nide tile question.
Btfore leavin Ille subjet of the Colleon, I
Would state that for the purpose of coinplet
Ing the building and puttin the farin (whch
is almost wholly a orestl from wmhich The
woodl has been taken to burn brick) In a con
eition for agricultural use. we wi:1 need fifty
:onvicts foir t loast. another year. The bal
Exence of the conviets will be return d to the
Penitentiary at an early day. ond here I
nay c-all your att ition to another importnut
matter: t hat is, the reul1ttion or definition of
:he condition to be compied with before I
student can be adrilitted to this Institution
wvithout paying tuition. The scholarshlips at
tile Cirtadel Academ fare awarded to boys sup
posed to be too poor to pay. and the law re
-quires a tuition 'fee Of Ell0 at teII South Jaroli
tria amidene.and at Ctlemson of' all stdents
aho do not coa stinder this class. Compahin
Lam reachd mny ears that advantae has been
Oden of this nprovisionand that there are
ow students loith in tuiet'itadelandat ite
South Carolina College paying no tuition, but
whose parents are able to p:tt. I hope tiat
legislation will be had c!arly detininga how
the rattr sha be dotiermined so as to pre
vent thle State's :enerosity from being abused.
flit J'ointan tesleon of ted Leislatre nhle
:nssr otfu etIquiryi ith reeecetThe nube sil --
ta iohm ts oians conds rm achol pfors Ot
he. Te shiport oieiIettf theCm iio haO
pe inptilanbct, an tire subet Te feps ort
trial and usefules Morein tn connetinoith
atesn sholsi educatie . I n reacitd e
cInr ithoe ofldl t mos omreensiitiei and
u tsful wirms la of woans ind st Ond on the
Stte.hersshalldas be onydustray trained ii
orde that te elmenarytieaIchiofulefl
that ante Act be grdrvli itrduced il
th ou publ fschoirel.Ihespotho escaly
Ihidtunion old indsrlnnormal fWoeuc,
tieiintis somone commndb thegoles eret
concur wofi tilndincoandmaintininf onlee
irat hert: two iutitti on the herole lo fuh
wfulde sien' lomm.onle ar efl s the -eate
ilesantale bied . :toet ptidpilrof .etin
itherac-l~ of thschs or to c oeed te
tl, ii th ae wosti uofn.rl ioe Reorits Lui
mit tie subitc lit the severales polle day.
av doifet twnsro theate fr the Clloction
('o1 yoexa miui ae iin.i Thet nmher ant d chtlr
iciro itee i.Ii iorr lv comin from all51 pats oif
wlle taensowhe mie ntereitof thethet
pehoin the rubjeit, and ttre tal pege irs shoo
wit itnd useflnes. Morhae tharn one io tes
lire~y thtbuiig and necessary(i i ie lilpetl of
ase school witho~utdla mee ais cant o fte
-4 a pI'tiwoldt3 bepnly tnreessary tlen Stlo
hat)a Act te pasiedi' proviny forti then
tiho an1ftreil lira. suppt atf alltate
itdsria andt L~! it'at Nor ay ollee fotr iWiomen,'
nitLione uponh tile acceps otaC e ad fulil
rnen t of sornlet. on'e rof~olii th i e s frt'ed ose
oncurdwith tIhe re(il cmmedai ~t ofi te:tRe
r-trtiihit ihtotione Ifth tchole bie letkfor
trett t~l eltin.en a te aeful Li isecvtionat
he l'everatl bristifere wl andguarne edo
the aci-ptancilleo. uhofr op cda
ne ihteorka frparatflionC st
pn .1ti~ scho a1it the ofarlies possibtle day.
[ wouIllttleyfurte t ha~st a er3 the Clindson
sinirped In i (till lor i rie yeas t inosi t the
ixisite enoiugh11 ti mo e ncoi i Ilto luttst
tioo ert sut ito ant:itvoti fits' sii1chool'
ier ut taxali tio tWei have every reso Lt-ot
e t litv (thtsc asholwl b.spoua
sClemvsonit is~eg 1 and0 o ml~etc wnt lonf fe-t
Asttia prlitmiary step-i. Iur thar thei rtate
it- LAds o tet Geetusemb tlyOe.ap Ah
Iis otrmal olleii and ispetyi5 rovide r s nl
ramt iwithte tIndutrial~ Cltlete ast ILoon
licitpetd. ItThel~i reaon for il thiseref ltee
'Jhb Peaody. Find riustitbe ditrtdin 5tp'L Wt
hnd ttei itntigivent' aIst- endo rwlt o tach
Il-tininrgI' ichols alone. tIf mthles tate take
ris-~ etion it havei ever reat' ssoni liev ta
Ini myt. nV adintrtofhe Ftllli13 'et.xe uiv'ue3't
nair ofdremovt l I wmeica arienuly o'l~ie fill
-xi tistatt 3anvib-detet isn the Liw soi
pick al.G mi;i i.r,! i rich i Iorke-ts :t 1 .
fihe- o llns u r.n t he ' l loli I!) 11i . utlry 11. 4
prop, cour22!t be r .. .d in i3t:sn ae
n.'n, I h2.vv alway-; de. mud it 'en:::1 W! iWO2
t:ere snozulit he a uv- tepoh -
t--ritor.2.23 ut . a r ".221.. 2. 22at ion sh w
e-1 i.2L !-.h a1 u:vy. to of '21y voil.
wo tp, re~ iro I ;:r, ott iy :II! njunen IIinie.4
Th.-refotre It was; thu- - s y I!, Culmus
sien not. Io und-rne- 2 wih th2 i2' nS 2 t
pl :.- Ia our- d!i O.viz.. 1 ".
amutwoul'! harndly iave-o ,tmnitn: io,
ius a dredg. 2 ' dap. t t even2 the;
2.-2i22w2 stream s With le s than tw !en et
of watle anl- wh1n I is eiteett tha
mo222t.2.o2 e Itua'r- i 2''. 211iptying into ;!. Hie
ena secoind and .rt Roya I Iarbor are ver
de1p. and t 2:22t nuch of the rock In2ed has
be.en raied out of water over frty . t inI
dtth wit I an ov r'u rden of san2d of -r 2on
.ix to IW i t '2i b c.knes , 2 Ih, ob. t( II
flit way o" a. survey 2 -2n' be r: ily Si-. Ve
1ound that in order 'or the Inspe.:tor to exr
e:. any inte!p1.I sue.2rvisin. of The m2in
ing, :W'2" III0.21 e :h 21 hiin to 22ee that Ihey roya!
te was hnlnestly ,laid. twas absolute"Y l", nee
s2r to 22I irvide' onw mevans 2i vate!'r Iran
portation : t re'ier 1'. ( w! used p-irt of The
m o n ey . vi.:;:, .: ;, in p 2rc h a in g _ a si ll 2 t2 a n1 !
!annehi for his u2S'. The bWalnCe of th2eappro
priata.n2 is still in the Treatsury, butl owi*ing to
an2 (niSIOn1 in th2 aopropriwtion 2 l1 the I
Comm"ission was forced t,) borrow enough
n2one. to p2'y 2 h, salary of I 2spector .oos
and ot2her exp22 nse2 . This nmo . kindly
o2222 Us by tih13 Carolina N2 t 2 ona2 Bank of
Co1linia Withot interest, an d 1-rovisi0n
will have lo l- inade for is payment. I hel
222 2t2 -1 o :r 'eh in :I eo'(0rt1anCe. w'11h 112:'
i..rul2io.s of ie Act creating he Ow-olin-I
Sion, . 1 o)21. Of Coosa ltiver and
. is-2ued lit''2:c1s to min therein to Whree com
p-2ni'. Tw2 of the entered the river. IOA but
weeejoinled inl t he lnited ita les ( urt by
. dge. 2n2non2. Ie tok :2lva2nae of the
laet that 2'te Phosphate Otniissioneris were
t.1 t ed as indi'id2ua;l- rather than a1.-; State
22'eers, a 2liough lie knew th'y wereState
ollic s. t o grl2nt the2 in2jw1i2 1i2.
iA.,1 the pblic prints haltw _given fulil ai
colunts of 2al1 subslekcent, liti..ition an2 th2"
prenot stauS of the C1a eaW s'', I ShalM n2ot
mention it further than !21 P S.2y that whilu
there is a decrease in the revenue cons'-I
q 2222.t upon the stoppag.-e 22 Ihe Coosaw (orn
pan y of II.:. 4%%V eel that the State is 20
h2e congraulat1el upon the pres-nt status. .as5'
ithete is every reason to expeCt, t hat the 12n
ited States Supreme Court will 1ustain the
view already exp-ressed in t he decition of
2Chief dusice Fuller and. the ,uit be term2i
n iiated eary next year.
'e' price of phopliatc rock con inues higlh
and as soon as work can be resurnet-d In C,0
'saw River there will be an increase in the in
com2e of the Sta2e fron royalty more than Sf
fleient to reoup u.2s for the little loss we have
sustained in m2intaining the riht od the
stte 2ocontrol her own properly !t w1oul he
w1ise, in uty opinion, to give tie "'Ctlini'sion
I lie power to Inmpose a graduated royally to
correspond with I he priles. of rock, and also
to permit it to fix the royalty on rock in
streams Other than1 22)01:2aw ;L 2 ies ra1te 1an
Ior that river. Sonik of the rock is of low
grade, and some2 of the depos its are very hard .
Inakinig rnining ditiiult. Therefor, a Oxell
rovaltv~ for every lica. ity precludes p.r' n1
I 'nini in inany stram s if concessions
arC 10t Made tile mniners. It Would .allo
be better when Coosaw River is opoee to ap
portion t.hat 1crritory amion-, thle dif1'rent
persons applyin- for a license and require
them r t2 mineoverthe whole al otled terri
Story. We- have found, by the report of In
spector Jones. that under he mrnagemeunt of
2 the Bureau of ;Agriculture, Comm2issloner
1Butler and Mr. Roee. the different compa
ne, notably the Coosaw. have been p2I211
less roal3y than he aw require-s. by reason
of not making due allowantce for the 2OI
tu re expelled in drying Ihe rock. 1low nIuch
of this. if any, can be recovered will have to
be determined by tle courts if the Attorney
General shall deem it wise t2 ('ter suit. 'The
loss to the .tate thus di'covercd has amount
ed to $1:,.35:1.;1 sille ilining Operat hms were
begui, and 5 ..51since th e etstabiishment
of the Agricultural 1)epartment. in ls:). Tihe
difleerence. t.45 per cent., bet ween I he amount
of moisture actually expehed and that which
L.he companies have allowed., a1ounts for
fiscal year totuore than t , and as ti1e
present dic3als cannot be held responsible
for any quasi agreemen ts or negw-et (in the
parto tlheir predecessor:;, payrent of this
2sum will be demnanded, and, i2 necessary, en
forced in the Court-,,, while we will in future
require payment on the basis of $.10 per ton
for dlled rck.
Belore leaving ihis subject. I desire to men
0tion the importance of sonie steps being
10taken to previt the damae now re.sultini,
to the stale's interest,-. in the Ashley.S olno
2and Edisto Rivers by the dumping o' the de
Sb is or ;niling% Into those stream3t is from the
works of the land miners. Some time ro I
adda.ssed aii communeat .ion 1o Capt. F. \.
Abbot, U.. V En:;ineer, at Charleston. ask
in for in-rni tin as to the iling up of
these s1team0s byi rea2son o f this debris bin
emtiedt thereie2. He replied that2 hie had re
prted to 2the au.2 hlOrities' at2 wa'2s1lngton in e
I ~rd to A 51le2y Itiver, bult kne2w 1noth21 1g of2
222'ruc2tion2 22) 132w 221her stream1s2 nientioned,
an2d 212 forined'2. 321 112322 C'0ngre('., l.ast 1 2e2 221
her, had.2 pa.5.2232d1 a et pro2i oiling theic dumilp
I a:.t of such1 materia2l'into111 n.2.2av 12ble stent222.
Tlie Sta:t s intere2'st is to preven22t her 323s
2 hat21e beds 22232m being buried So) 131.1t they.
cann2 2212 be( prollta12bly 222ined1, and United (
Sta2tes seeks to. preserve the niaviga.bility of
rivers. Bunt for 3lear2 the Utnited 51t2.tes author02
ities may no2) press 2.32 miatter I call it to
your attentioni.
Education'al.
The Report of the State.1 Suipirinltendent. of
Ed.cton2 niakes' a2 full (expos.2ition of 1212 con2t
dit ion of tile e'du2cationalt2222 in titution of the
Stat e. O.ur free schoo~ls are 1not. 212 22 sat1isfac
t~ry c'ondition, a2nd never will be until21 the
pr2ent unt2 wieldy, irregul::r22iy sha2ped. districts
2r' subdividedi. a2.21l sma22ll, compac22t ones sub-:
stiued, 122 whvichl shall.1 be p2ermanent1C1 ly loca1
ted one2 school0 bon)22e for' eaich race. This22 35s
the basis 2.pon22 whlich local2. ta2xationi sup jple
02e01122g tihe two-iniill tax can2 erect a2 school
systeml 111at w.1ill a2colrnptish the ends1 desiredI
2122. un21 til it is done little or 120 prolnress w.ill
be made(3 except22 :n the townvts :ad thic'kly pop
ulated.2 seOction2s of thle ('02.utry3. I w..oul2d u.rge
3ou n2 2202 2.ad2. journt 2221ain2 till 3cu 121ke lip thiis
fnatter' 2122d perfc'(t 12he lav.1'
'Tie State1 1s ma22k ing a2 3ar greatter outlay3 for
hlgher eduen2.'ti thtan some1 of her sister
".tate2." hut thie comn122221on C free0chool alonei12i are
accesible to ninie 2)ut of Ien ch2idreni witin
hr borcders. They~ shiould receive tihe foster-'
221" ("22' o22 the Gieneral Assemly, and22 1 12122ow
of 102hi2n' which101 wou~tld give thle cau.2se of ed
The Southi Carolina College.
Tills ins'ttution, whvlichl has been 32n e'1xist
ece for nearl'y 22 cettry. an.2d whichlo holds 2
.ery. wa"'rm" 121ace in thec hear2t2 of every intell 3
gent Carolin2iat. ha2s h2ee1 reor'ga'nize~d unader.
the Act, of last December. As was3 explecd,
t11he cha2n22e Iromi a12.2 unversity.2( and ote cau22s
~ave for the I 101e being cau2.2ed a2 decrenae i
tte n2umbehr of -tu.dents,12 021' 21y 2iney-2 i hav-22'
lie Col2lege has2 an.2 able and22 loya'l c''rp2 (of 1222
lessors, thorougly 13 mb.ed1 wit 2.the0 22 purpos
to 1make2 It a2 rirsi cla-s literary 2nstit23ion.
Its tandard22'1 12w2 been raisedi 2.2 and5 22. hve ev.
ery'. reason1 to 120pe. 1that2 in 'a ve'r' br'ief whe
itill assume:112222 a2nd 0o.cupy it's ri'"h 1 "2ul placet
30ti had of suc22h instttions in tis "tae.1 I
canno2221t'rfra in froml e.xpre2.s'in regret tinct22 o
moei.221 21noner'3 has been wasted 221 13he past5
irt e yeairs "for tile sala12ries of Pr.fessors 2212(
12ors '.ho2 ihad no( pup23ils, to. 11he 22weect 221
the2. bu2.ildinlgl 221nd library. 'Theore is dli22pida22
w'if2l lack01 of mo2dern2 bo222ks in the l ibrarny.
It '32 to e hoped Ithe Gen:era2l AXssmly 'will
act.. li2berally13, so as' 1to 1put2 tile butildinlgs iln re
p2; r and2. 52up32ly the more'31' presir neel2'ds 221'
.232e lib2rry. 322 tis connection222 I wol'2Id d.1 iet
v (2ur2 'attention2( to the( feas22ibil iy122 au -liralbi!
'212) v : ligh t :tll thel'2 ne in1i0 i ions U2(' 1 0 ' he 3 -'
ei2'.' the'. Stte Hou2se," th A:o yluni,' 1122 212ou.th2'I
2222o22.2a Co Ige, 1the. Excu.2.ti e2 Man2ion 1222'122
the2 P'enitentia22ry,. from ne12' )22 pa i', (1,ie
e .iter"2 222 the cana2l o2r '-. it th ~.y.2u .2. hre
'i '2'lr''ady3 located2'2 at2 11he Asylumn2 222 eleerie
' it plnt, which2' is run2I every1'22''2 2i2ht int
'.22r.12-s(2oIt 12'r':mn202n0 is -'''32, without al
,lwin Ilo'r1 wear22 and2( tear2. 1The cost 2f2th
lh1hts at. Ihe. Stale 10ouse thi2- '.ear2 1has been2
2.2nwar2dsol el.2',1the gas hill a223 1 hExecutv
'2''sio ''2' ov2er2 2l.12while21 the2 Pen.2i2''t1ary"
':22.i 'olleg hav' e no2. ( lightt" w..ltever. Iti. e -
i..v pr~ :2eticabl' by. a1sinal1 02ut122:. 1o 12-'
2.'ea"le 2the 3l.1 2.2t2 the A-.ylum22 so22 to22 fur
nish ''lht- 2222 all 2In-'se in2'titu2.23ons2 at2 an2a2
IImv in 21.22 2y. pa.5'es5ion1 est1ima2tes ub32ich 1
2. 2n submit to 22he Co22in22ittee, o22 Way2s and2.
3 ''..ln -31221i222 the practicability22233 of2 212e State
''r2 i2h1n1 ' t" own ti..'2Iight s an2d .av'ing~ 22oney.3
Aemiem22i'2y, (Ci2222in '2i1ie2.e an.2d the2 Cedar2
2'p'igs2 In2'itte2. .\l1 of theose hist12ittion
rebu2ill.::od 22. ha '''m. 3put 222 thorought11 r'epair3
han 2dom2e 2223d us212l 3iha.2::'
Thel. (''2d2ar 2"nn'2 22 Inst121itute22 is2a credit1 2o 1122
2. It'. 222i222'2022222 2r13e1t. gr'eati (1cdit (22
. 22up 2'ritenden t22. 1 222hin!< the 21.2 'ra2.1A.2m
that2 'i1w11 bie ulsed jud122iious.ly. Itf tie 22''w.
l222e2rie'plan!. is 122urena.lied pf.or2 the21 publi2
::t :h21 A'.y':un1 woul nd lie a222212e 22.22 th~e 'edarl
As1 a1 Tru221t.3 unde1r 212e wil122 11f . 1he212' Mr.
the . 22iendl 322 2 neu:zl nd in2, dusrh ed-2 23
uen in2122 22. 2:... 23hat.2 a 2o g th b ildin22221
nt' nearico 222222221 d,2 ' he ro.'nl 222 app!2'2ants2
't12(':"en i2 ea .'.'flo -r:;,.'2 121 'n the0 ("re' (21
tfbutit'2-(21'2,2 22!.'.' :: and ' durin th2 e 22 i.2 e22
22222 atota:l ,tl *I . 2221in' 22) 2the222
22222,br 2' 22' 2 '2'ap l ti li 1122 2h c tp'*u2. 2. -.
522222ne. and22 w.''ieb2 22ave ''"'' in2--2 up2,2o 22t',
13e T1rsCe2s 2eit that it was ob1l.:t' ry upi 22
.32...2 1 . .,.22..~i 212.. p2.23 . 221 1't., : .2.222 222''
.al thre isno po'.si1t o. trw Ne33u' '
vigthe. laws (fsi f lee -Tu*,edl w. it''.
iS halls are Ir.' h 4!. 'Th x r
h - i n:.s .g i* :-Ihw h ih
-; 3 .. * ,* b r -: b a r .v
-M!3
i v.a msta:e.Take- thej taeo,' Sheri ff
3.Tr 3 top.m iCounty. (' ne Governor\
3- e ' i 1 f->rl3 a 'I'. ' 3 'al ai ner w3, 33ri1
oder :n-rest at hsb a in ruson fori- as
hi,* 3 3 ,3t3*33(,3*
|uit and i \.tI'r with inn . to i!. ani :. r
:hon3 a r3e333' 3 -.i) from the. overnor
'!rida lad h.n arantiledi fIori erin33o
1urth r.. oiu le ehowted It scap-. lie 3n
itied the eri!-. a lt wrd hi iltbeon his
' , but ntW Iiths Iand: : h1 1 t he t t!i -3.ll31 m id3
e3 aw'Vy: and 3hil Ithe "hlit n's ailli-:s, po3
i :e: wd thilt' ap in this inslince. i. it
. 3ahie Io think anything wvouMd have
Thn~ th 3cae' oft 1e Clerk (f Court. lin Iex
l--rhis own igrmt3re, in my 'ire.) i3Shows
ha3t 3'h' i(3.3ie3 was a. de. Ifau .3er* ::'. b:3 a3go3as
It. .iay. N t a said tr !ni about it
ill .lter I hee.ptvinte1--r I 3our. 3. xe-pi the par
V to wV1''hi th. m1ney waLs dne' et,-re1'l stlul
re.cove.r, Whenl bisee tA as not pushed a1I1CI:t
'e 1all term. le can- itme ter redires. 'Tlih
Attor.Iey 3 (;1'n1era vi-ilCtd Lex:inttn. and
kpld4 lie Cerk-s office inl a bad condition.
.v ith arehndsales asdvertised for the follow
g.i ond3ay. The Grand .1ury, n bich nceC
arily kn.-w of tlt sliortage', had railed to
nulke ant\. pr3s(333i3inen1, or it menion t1h
n3ater ; :ind hadl niot the Clerk. who a3ppear
m3 fo rtunniiv. or 3'3arclesrat he 3 lit!r th a 3I3n criina ,
:ot)(: ily sent. ini bis resignlalt ion. I her' was
tbs3.lutely 1 n3o, rem33 edy un1d.Er exi'tinig. law,.
Old3(1 3e 13333. il~tvo 5013.1 Ilie ial. pocketed tlie
nony. anld litwd tihe oiee 1a in st, an'y pro
evst till ne'xt term of Court. Tie General
\.ssembly have a choice betw4een two evils
tivin more power to the Governor, which
nav 333e atosedt as -against :a few 'men . or per
miltling thin t1o rvmain as they are, to the
injury o h lie publie at large. and1 producing
di3eoitfent a a demnorabizid, condil ion ofi ihs
Pubhe servire(. If given auithority to correct
tbese evils. I will do it fearlessly. If it is
tbought better to trust to juries drawn by the
n3o13 wIllo are to t I ried. 1 am content. -imce
ttention has been called to the.! matter and
:he( people can understband where the blame
rests.
Charlestont Supervisorship.
At Your last session a law was passsd pro
vidini::- for .n entirely neAw registration in the
city of Charleston. under special Cornmis
sioners. The reason assig1ned were, that the
ld :registr.ltion was largely fraudulent, and
.Inder it many citizens were disfranchised.
The work was performed in a highly satis
factory mat3er by the three Comiissioners,
Messrs. Williams, *-ial: ..nd O'Neill. But
before it was completed (May :3lst) complait
was made to ine that Mrt. W. P. Cantwell. the
upervisor of Registration for Charleston
ounty. into whose custody the new registra
tion books were to be delivered, was aL man
unworthy to hold so important a trusL
{harges were preferred against b im of dishon
orable and unfair conduct, In hoiding a Demo
ratic primary and a request made for his re
noval. Upon investigation I found that
can twell was holdin-g, at the tile, the office
of Clerk to the Board of Countv Comiinissi:>n
ers as well as that, of Supervisor of Registra
tion.
Section 91 of the Revised Statutes provides
that this 3o)ier "shall contitIue in office till
his successor shall be appointed and shall
qualify: and lie shall not be eligible to an3
>thier oliee during the term for which he it
appointed." While I knew that thezSupreme
Court had declared this provision of the law
3gainlst n5 eilgibility unconstitutional, be
lieving that the Legislature which enacted
the! law clearly intended t3at a Supervisor of
Registfation should not hold any office while
acting as Supervisor, I promptly removed
him on that ground ; and though I did not
so slate, I may as well say that I was alSO
largely Itlienced by the belief that the
charges agalnst I im were true, and thatli he
was niot a proper person to hold the office.
Recogn-izing his right, o:' a ppeal to theSeuate,
ii he so dessred, and learning that le denied
my right to remove him. I appointed Mr.
Geo. \V. Williams Deputy supervisor and or
dered the Speclal Commissioners created by
ACt of Decernber 21,90, to turn over the new
registration books to nim. This they did,
andfd Mr. Williams held the office and dis
charged its functions until Judge Wallace (in
June) issued a peremptory (order for hiin to
surrender t the Master. Mr. Miles.
This action on tme part of a Circuit Judge
was an extraordinary proceeding. and, while
the matter Is a trivial one and might be dis
missed without a second thoughlt. there is in
volIved a principle of vast i mportance should
tfie dangerous Precedent tt:us established be
allowed to go uncialli-nged.
In my opinion -Judge Wallace presumed
overinch whlen be unldertook to review the
cion3 of tile Fxecutive at all, un3less thlere
ad been a1 clear anld 333313istakable usurlpat lon
if authority 031 mty part. But when! 13e
~trins tilt inlterpretaktionl of a statfitte in or
der to) giv.e excuse for inlterferenlce with tie
lecutive. and at tilesame time usurps the
fnttions of the Sentate to accom13plishl hisptur
pose, it 3s tirneC to treat, tihe ruutter gravely.
It is. I th1in1k, ea3sy' to sho0w that lhe has done33
botih. ArticleI, Section %,. of the Constltu
ton o)1 Southl Car1olia declares: "n the133 gov
r33 tnentt of thils Commilonfwealth tihe Le;:isla
tive, Executive anld Juldlciai powers of the
goernmlfent shall1 be fore2ver separate anfd dis
tinct. irom each oth~er, anld no person or per.
53333 exercisin~g the 3unction3 01 oneC of said De
partmenits sh~ali assumne or discharge thle du
ties or any other."
Here is clear and emphatic demanld againlst
0ne branc33h of the go.vernmlenit :ntermleddiing~
3.v1ithile othler.
53ec130n 91,i ltCiese Statutes, pr'ovides: "Thel
Governor shall a3ppoint1, by3 and33 w.it h theC ad
.iCe an~d con315ent of tile Senate13., i f in session,
33d if not in 53essi0n, su.bjctl to the appro~vd
33 tfle Seniate at ifs next session, anid snbject
0 remfloval by' the G.ov.error, 03y and1( with 3the1
(o01 ent of the Senate, one competent and dis
eret person as5 supervlsor of Registrattionl,
Th'lis langulage appears very plain. but Judge
Wallace did not(3 interpret it .s I did, or he3
wold have retused to) h1ear argumen.t33
33nist 3333 action. Let us1 examin~e it. The3
overnor is authorized to appoint t, pervis.
rs, bu3t tile Senate3 mu33t a3pprove.. ie is a3u3
hrie'd to miake sucht appoinlttuents while113
heSeate is 310t in session. bnt must submlit
ils ppotIntmlent to it when103 it meets. Hle
33av. remove Is appoinltees (for catuse, 01
:O'rsI', however trivla333 or ulnlaw.3ful1 to other
fifds than is own,) an1d once remloved the
3331y power 3 ha3t eanl reinstate him Is tihe Sen.
3t. JudgeWe V. contenCfds 33.3t thle power3:
33 reflnoval cannlfot be exercised unless the
Sente is in sess5ion. I f tis is a3 propel. illter
3rttinl, the Sena3te alonle wil31 hold the pow.
- of remnoval, anti not (lie Governor ; and ih
le Governor is al owed to alppoilnt du1ring a1
s3.riod when the Sen'fate is n2ot in3 5esionl sub
ect to thleir a3ptproval, 1s it 1not clear tha3t het
,vas15expectedi to. exercise that power 1in the
n3 tIer of remloval also 7 If 031e provision03
3.a33 nlecessary' to guard a1gain13t ai va3canc3y
331(m deatfh or othe3r cause,' 3s not3 (lie other3
e)cs~s:33ry to insure thie proper execution oi
ie 1:aw.?
Juldge W llace's dieci'sion pal3dyses the exe
ution of tile 133.3 should any Stupervisor re
13:5e or ::eg~ect to obey' It. Take. the case 01
. T. .M1elroy, Supervisor 03 Laurenrs Coun0
3. 'The 5eator and33 Replresenltative.s of that
3.nty a-ked for his rerntoval 031 the groun~d
3) drunk3enness' and negc13'(t to openI his oth1ee.
Iremove3'd 1h113, 3but had lie atpealed to, Ju dge
V.t :iace he wouod ha ve beeni re'instalted be
33-a 3e tosoth1 thleSenate wals not1 in session!
lne l ppsi tionl is 33 abhsurd, and13 it3cn5
.uneS,1 ilt llowe, aire so 33non1strouis, tim3t i !
s :3rno. imosi ble3 to refratin from cha3rgingl
-na3t'5 prerogaitive' 3or theC put3 pose of bring
3333 the lixec'rutive inlto)con3temlp.-an evas51ion
3f ue c:icar1y d1efined' powers a3nd1 dtitis 01
-33'or3 31e3not) on '' 3"as13med" tio di smis i ne t 01) l
ie 3,3vernor-' a tppo3ntees. 1)epu ty Su p)erv.:'.
r Wi 33iams,3 b.ut to reins3tate tile otti3eer re~
3ov3.. . 1' Cnt wei!1, whIichl powe31r vested
3ii 33 .enate alonelt. Anid how diid lie d.
\n1 appea1v~l has 333.3n t;tke toti (0 e 330u3pre3t1
ur.3Icannot pretenCi:3d to a(rguie the utw3
ioi 313s invl3.ed. Ion I31(131 no lawy.er': bt an3
''xami3.33ationt. of 33ecuotis flI, P33, 4: 3133d 33.
.3 te. Codtie of l'rtocedulre, un der wh3.ich: .Jud33e
.llaIce 3 ated, wili 3.how.3 thait tihey alppear to
mye3.' beeni iscon.etstruied or Itorgo~tten3. They
-fern to -usurpatlion333 333 e31ic." otr'"refu53a to
urrnde~tr" 333 expliraition3 otf terml or rem3 ovalI
333d 3a rle3 IIo sahow:3333 aue3.co31d 0313 i.le 333
en comp1l1in3 t and jud3m3ent.
Thise Sel ti31s relfe to an.3 enirely. di 1feet
33133iion03 ol 3at3l33rs to the 333ne we333 l1.tve:3 t Con
rid oif old otlicetrs at terupting33 to 13old over. not3
0 313e rernIioval of new3.3 (3ne3sijust instaled3:3
biey3 give at Ju3133e power tot13' install3a oler
03wiy e3 tected or .3 ppoint3ed. no to33 3k lee in' or
i nstte an3 iad 0333 who3 11313 been remiovedt
c.rd31n33 to law(3.
W'ithi tlii exlanation3 i03 I ubm13t the m1atter'
: thei con3siueraion o3330 the 533nate, confi3den3t
hlt thatt body w.3.31 vinidlate 331y li''Ii
.ovrnorn an 3d defend3 its own 31re'ro3tin 33.'.
1133 mIwarle 3ha: 33n 1thus comment33 o(113 on1 a
ludge-sacion0 I maly U' a3:3ccse of commit-13
:n3 tile very o'ffense3 with31 wh.ich' I am3i chari3'
33main33 of a3 c.'-trtlunme departmen3c3t of3 331
invernment3131, The3 teneral33. Assemblyit ena.13cts
tw3, 313e Judges con.struc thiemi. 333d thle G;ov
'r13333 excectes . ITt say3 tha1t 3a3 .3vern3or
.ioubit3 3not ri iis a :1':.13d33e, even3 031 the~ S3u
.reme3( benlch, whe th'f 3le righits an3d powers' of
33is of lit'e are' at isue, 35 a333.1rd.. .Judges are
333 men:3. 33nd they.' are'i nl.iei'ner iable or3
all 3iin ite.
"or tin3' l-:xecutive.3 :and( Lexgisla3tiv3e deioa3rt
itnts 31 to 33uumtt 51lavisa 5 Cilne to :3nreai
33nable13 deisionls woul33d be a betra'3) al o3 thle
rusts reposed( in 31he1rn3 by the le.1
I have31 obey-dtl t' Courit. an3d 33m333nly. re5st
133 ene3r33achme33333 331 3my. ofrliee. 'There was
rItniy a3 gratve dub a3333s to.33 wether 3my3 con3
iv- the I-:xectivel.' 3the tenefi3t .3 3130 dou3bt.
Beoedi,33i 35ir 333the mat 3er I d sire to
are.3 .o33.wed and3. which3:3 will t3ecess itte
31'3.' becomte 3 aare o3 is mi.3stak., 3331 while11.
ei3r3n 33"an311w~ell tile legal Suiierv.isor (r:
ijvaleoniy:133 when th) Ile eat 13 s reit 333.10
- -',,iantunny topars I cer~t t e-at
;n a, :s o. nun~cpal -ionra v~ich
e::sif 1 - aber a: ,I tov i n
A na wxi e me-ti (A at r !S l il ei rte
re -I ist 1n. I w 1a' .. 1% t 0 -n on t io d th e .et
W- I.,in i ntod in retd. a
1:*r::' i dw-r of r. . s bevara' dac .1 in t I y
--tnt.'' ii1 hwer. rndi ,tlently aftet r the
bo i ctse i,: uy.t and I relncomend the
'a 's. dert: cit hel iain at! cer'icates
beari t 4. ut t:te: a! mn inl at h'tc or
RichIlamL.1';,i: Soi ISmuh'-r anI d 1'erk Iv .
TMC'imlinas Law.
A%-z the diattte of my olice bri e into in
tuInata- connteetion With II~ n i , entent ialry, and
tit nith- 4'otf-iron bltie al' iso a SOUrce of
conste lt br and worry, i tvet had my ait
ttiondirt:-d tcertaindefets in the crim
.itl tuv. to xhich I ask your at tntion. "*The
ihaws delay" hn beevn a mrtter of compaint
orenturies, an d thAre have been f la Sito
many instance of* thle flitiiure of jilstice to
punih th e mto- tlagrant crtimes, anti, if at all,
aftr, the p atience of tIie people has become
iexaUStedy, thit I canot tostronly impress
ptito thv L , lIature the necessity of sone
eCees. Con t sntiances are raed upon the
tie pretxtn. Appeal are taken upon no
pre-text s hall sovextim, and tcrimo, when
backed y mony, appear to override or
Ibrek through te ineshi of the law with
iititry, i hat it is ao wonder tat our citi
zbn, have t lites forotten themselves and
taken tle wi itnto the;rown hnnds.
I give as lusltnceS oft justice long held at
baty bhe Turner and Senn case-s fin -partan
hr:d, theimes ae in Darlington and the
Joeiscase in Ed eid.
Tne renedy which Id0 to suggest is,
thlt jrf, which i have every reason to
be-lieve flow are someltmes tampered w vith or
-fixed" beforehand,shall be drawn In open
Court por the nixt term, tfter the Judge In
nron shall have examined the boxes and
seen t hat every hing is correct,
In the prosectiiro of critinal cases the So
licitor is aiays at a disadvanuge, He of
len confronted by the ablest lawtyers at the
bacr, wh live in the County, and are ae
qutainted with wvitnesses, jurors, etc. But
teedif Riculties ar ! 1requently overcome and
verdicts, obtained in spite of themz.
The hmain reason why so many crimes go
"unwhipt or jutice" is that the cases are not
properly prepared for the Solicitor by the
Triali Just ices or Coroner.
If the oiceof Coroner were dighnifeed and
tle salary or fees made commensurate so s
to a e it a desirable office; if it were filled
by a competent lawyer, whose duty it should
be to investigae all deaths caused by vio
lence, collect evidence, prep tare becase and
act as aseistant prosecutor n his County, we
w nould have mnany a man convicted who now
.-oes scot-free. Then If Trial Justices were re
ui ared to attend Court and help the Soicitor
i cases where thed have he:d a preliminary
exaiinatio, ritiwuid ad ilageromly onte list
of convictions.
Another abuse is, that nstead of a prisoner
undcer sen tence, and i whose case appea! has
been taken, being required to be brought into
Court At the next termu for resentence, thus
entai lint expense upon the county for uain
tenlance, the stenee shoulei be executed as
:,oon ashme Court to ussba!a have dismiss
ed the appeal.
Then there hould be sthtr t nd mandatory
legislation prohi biting a Jsudge from continu
ing a case tait had been once contin ed, ex
cept uender extraordinary circumstances.
Atiother is to inaKe ite obligtor upon the Su
p~reme Court to disbar any attorney wno
takes an appea I on frivoous grounds. It has
come to tie pass that nt appeat is almost a
matter of course,n a astay of proceedings
follow,,.
In reference to the punishment of criminals
I desire to direct attention to the advantages
oin a reformatory sense of what is known as
the indeterminate sentence, which obtains
under different conditions in asrachusete,
New York and other Northern State. *ocie
y for its protection against crirne has enacted
a code of laws for it purtishment, an the
primary objec is first to secur e pr commu
nity from t repetition by incareerating the
prisoner. The next object should be the re
ormation of the criminal and his restoration,
if that be possible. Uunder the arbitrary ipse
dixit of a Judge grea hrons rer often com
mnitted and sentences altogether out of pro
portion to the enormity of the crime thi
posed.
The system to which I allude provides a
rmaximum and minimium punishment for the
diterente lssesof crime. The prisoner when
Sconvicted is sentenced in thediscretion or the
oJudge, but he can by his behaviour In prison
reduce tr increase the punishment by giving
evidence of being a hardene-d reprobate or
showvin.-a desire to reform. Thle law in this
ase lin poses upon the prison authorities the
duty, and gives them he power by a fixed ra
tio, to Increase or dimdinish the prisoters
punishmnent in accordance writh his behav
I sor. The otnder ths enters prison with ev
Anr~therl marttrwic In rought stroy
uorit. e inorportion or th peuremenf pin
the (ltwhat the eiear Ireoret that
tedsuch rcfulersas.,ionlo aexhirsi eculd
totnappen god behutior Cfromtei thraan
ethtese lais no eplltore conptheatey
arm, awhil weo he amodrardenedganized
nal. tBeo eavind theignmatye of rie
and( ito suppresvloc, wind briy reald thee
foreure Ite hto the recenta Assebly onTne
see an wha tich that boring o the yate
lawmeit thwate haerthron sup rme h andhto
tin pou ora prsoner aeet toyforged,: That
militar hdisraeful callditon ol twfIce could
none wastthit hee as daneraut orgnie
andsereici lia fent fore- mplysuniies at-n
terd alotie teott uphods laely tof tle aw
adtupressioio dioecn oudter.eiecs fmiti
ifiorhi urethatltheGntttivery trsemlyt contn
tit Ioterimattareit tof omiltIa stath
thr am Iato ray itht rdutring Cteya thec
law i theyb Stte hseieso eupra adpties
norrrson by prsoerfi hat bentryncd. and
toitistarv abe cattedionuonl sonice ofwhe
itlcas hought there watsrager, our annals
Iee ovtte thSate tendslaly te forp-h
presniont of dstrdl ervlThecst by theContyn
inge thisetliohmrntr ishl verdtrfin thwher
rltpre witho sc benetiol. ptis
thee asioroaiio requir ouny c
wrnin to a diherif oin anemrgncy bewend
tl thisaue mayi te attribte somt the s
syens thi ae riidisw raed andur anas.
sItcotmend thaprvI.iona be allower the
pavmet ofh scht esedrviet b theiCoutyd
wteever ah Governo sall passder Ther ae
Rateptlisilh rood ontro tih
dcwire to dierenicea od cpininteent
te Lisatur antsderte: Excnie Isa throvas
Iaeon pramendli the Aclo thtIn col conpe
exres' he1' hople art.t t tieaee o oie
ust'ed trd "Ottroper unill pirssed. There ate
omty fots rirthed pyros iaw te which. As
dstr todne ie atetircnd commend are
ouhi e reaosedbi etder. orsaprovis
o aieen iig the colnsotoia-tin linomest-r
inut Cines.Tthe adsorp iv y leae buil asthe
Nttiehasr ones nltl i'rtu ly thereath
oiy prour raierps sstemsi in teatote to
fasoitoa moew lies are constructed their ab
bougt or esdb.Ieodrcoprtos
ale manytcommnioef i the sette rioh
~r taIert'ting ut:ned a' hevdeta contacte
tilin the yeuriydrao of hen finet tae
Ther- t. ael maintmoe ittads vtteededl 01'
Southit Caroina,:md th'ley it be bout thf
IltatelC inrae tisntttr poutwin an ealtou
Thei prope tepon sholbe takwl en tunc to
r ieov te tt e otheto threhion alasin
aidntIt moopile bpreetingh taeioan
wTh wuihvnt othe asismeo railroad
Wiroprt has autrted idespreadow atindr onit
a bot in. .ow it Tchere o hee coplit of
mjstin t his 'rtl e matter,~ btI whienz of caidiynu
ottr. io to ton mtlte pactit le Gergia?
ha'e how) lgitlesol1ii lt founato this yer schv
cmaing oIt. Th tincrasea of the taxtod
whc ilhave ritr')Ito a eqpiird by lahe butlroad
tl aproxim~ at ll it. Now, tnde xi te
ig r2Ias,17 howt- rateh imotree ttotl te pl ents
South llI' Cartln peai ir titriee oft sitding
rneot'roa itan te peopletC of Georia gtf
have5 no siare' on ihv''tit pint for tis. yatidw
nt t f th-'at seegra ofthril frd
have ot rep~isotd asrequirdb la b~tr The
at rnd passenaar enin l tshien it~etd as
-t-ore t of the i f~r: Cosin f otnbn' ar actual
.tl.il/'.'. -1ioi'. iv t e i- bre an arha, ttcnts
per. w h'.i If eria it tisca t re centIsta dito
fIec tiofia a'l~tr hal no puter mi soIng an.L
rIt reads at atldit Ma': i tor atic tyeaTte
rt~i lod can itl ait ata nthinr ased as
er 'anen't wr-h Is fartl rainrbeigy thei act'ual
v lnis: It ron b: lie r itit' own ie, andlti
have' jol.wiI lt! railchl~d they ere all-Ied tr
omitu~ostt ione r atno pye uto ylies an
~e :t'es.it 3~r.
ITh e (t would h wietogivthe mtte
o May.n ra:I irt illhroperyend ttChcg hands
ofl thie Iailroa ntd i -ma11ionerso istledo
impa'ainig :Lt alaat, upon ahe lStaei Trlaur
ritv~ tom tra'tit n rlS rtr of CIpt ,ttt to' he Stte
mif a, trnsey Generl, fat lthesCmiresnionet
Iug ta totbe let' toC iantu.t t e atl, with the
ques jilt is ryom ta' he very ntre olte is aton
judgei'of er ala properItyt5 an tile tatlrtl
iTyh~ i )lie Ic:o Expostth it~Ion a.et
Int tMay, t'.' l beti n I o fee ar hingrthe
rm sis \Vt d - ubl wichi d as i e' I e:t beten
he t.he p~port unity otI bfe rdeditt so rt p oferl