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DEVOTED TO SOUTHERN RIGHTS, DEMOCRACY, NEWS, LITERATURE, AGIC $ WILLIAM LEWIS, - PROPRIETORS. - - JOHN S. RICHARDSON, JR., RS eI- - VOL. VIII. - SUMTERVILLE, S. C., JUNE 21, 1S4. A THE SUMTER BANNER, IS PUBLISnED Ever y Wednesday Horniag BY Lewis & Richardson, TERYS, TWO DOLLARS in advance, Two Dollars and Fifty Cents at the expiration of six mounths or Three Dollars at the end of ths year. No paper discontinued until all arrearages are PAID, unless at the option of the Proprietor. Z Advertisements inserted at SEVENTY FIV Cent per square, (12 lines or less,) for the first, and half that sum for each subsequent Insertion, (Official advertisements the same each time). S- 'The number of insertions to be marked en all Advertisements or they will he published until ordered to be discontinued, and charged accordingly. a g" ONE DOLLA R per square for a single *insertion. Quarterly and Monthly Advertise men.a will be charged the same as a single in aertion. and semi-monthly the same as new ones For the Banner. To the Citizens of Clarendon County. A communication under the signa ture of " Wesley " appeared in the Banner of the 17th May, proposing a series of questions to the candidates for the next Legislature ; and as I, among others occupy the position "of a can didate for your singues and conli dence," and iecognize your right to know my opinions upon all matters of political or district interest, I shall pro. eeed to reply to the questions propos ed ; and in a way as brieffind conpre hensive es my ability will allow nie considering their very wide range, aid the great intricacies and difficulties 'which surround them. As a citizen myself of the county I have long felt the necessity of having One or more Ia vorable and eligible places of transit *to our markets across the Santee Swamp and river, I am aware that there is no aection of the State so ut 4erly deficient in this grat convenience and necessity as our own. E,eept by Railroad'tilbre is no safe and conveni ent crossingto t.ur markets at all sea sons of the year, from thi town of Camden to the mouth of the Santee river a distance I believe ot not less than one hundred and thirty miles; so that a large portion of the State, as fertile a'nd thriving, as any part of it (if not, more so) is altogether depend - ent, upon the Railroad for all conmmu nication diredt or indirect, with the seat of government and the netropolis. .Ihe Railroad owing to its remoteness from nany of the localities, remedies only io a partial. extent this great in. conventence-an iounvenience so great indeed as to a ount to a positive evil ; to say nothing of the itmpossibili. "' ty.of the planters availing thtmtselves of high prices in the markets.owing to the s.uncertainty and tardiness of the transmission of their products to tnutr kot ; under dircumstances so generally. and briefly stated, I .hall feel myself unider the stp-ongest obligations should I.be honored by your confidence to use ail of. the exertions . in my power,.to remedy this. oppression and burthen spne condition of things, biy endeavor ing to procure from the State atssistance to egnstruct, or if practicable re con struct, a highway which will at all tines allow of travel across it; and by having renewed those charters for fer ries which' have expired; and if the convenience of our people requires it to obtain charters for others. * To the first distinct question, as to whether or not I am in faivor of giving the election of electors for President a',nd Vice-President to the people, and itn whatimode, I beg leave to answer that havig the highest respe~ct and *yeneratiog for the present political or 2daniza.tiopf the State, I arm unwilling hitstily to advocate any measure, which wvould tenid toedistuirb the ballances of government under which we are nowv so happily ruled, I am therefore op pysed to gjving the election of electors ~by general ticket to the people be puse lI regrard it as the first step to ~vards a radical ,change in the whole systen1m ?hennestion of representa toh by poplation and-xation, is the chef grqgund'u pon which the people of the outern States are compelled to conteh#i.[ortheir equality by represen tatli lihtie Federal cotncil; and to S ~tha~t pi chief ouslesto on one ootrhefsafeguards '4. 4~the gi-eat questions now pending- be t een the Ntrth and South,- la contend tl oi'eh to give this election to t e p by a general ticket wvill be y ti13 to destroy the politi~al infltu ~. ~kf~.aarge portion of the State, and. ~ ~ipower altogether it the hatnds erdistricts. At the same Sthe oxilense land itnconveni .4 ej6 r~~~ito theu 'State from hold lug n letia session -of the Legislature o~oe~ f4itears fdtj'the purpose of ~aptti~~ fthe' State, To ob' 's~f~thi ~ l costitution g e um ven h e atired$.t th.5a complaints of hasty and imperfect leg. islation owing to a want of time to mature the bill before the house and pass them into laws in a form as per feet as they ought to be ; and that much that is demanded by the country in the way of Legislation is thrown aside for the want of time to consider them. With regard to the election of electors by the district system, which preserves the relative position of the upper and lover country, in my opinion it is too complicated and cum. brous in its operation to work welli and I am therefore at present not an advocate for a change. To the second interrogatory I would reply, that except for very especial and cogent reasons in particular instances, I shall be opposed to the division of the large and populous districts, of the State into small election districts .is involving in a very eminent degree the destruction of the present system o checks and balances in the State which n .w so happily govern us, which are refered to in the answer to a previous interrogatory. 3d. With regard to the present fi. nancial condition of the State it would he exceedingly dillieult to trace out the incidental and remote causes which have led to the present stringency in the money markets, both in this State and of the union. Perhaps over trading in the first instal co and subsequently the disturbed and uncertain condition of European afliI-s, in which England with whom we hold the most exten sive commercial relations, is deeply involved have both contributed to pro duce these results. Perhaps also, we have ourselves increased the pressure as far as this State is concerned, by the establishment recently of a number of new banks which created a necessity for the Bank ofthe State and the long established and well conducted banks to restrict their discounts to such an extent as to cut off the usual accoum iuodations from our own citizens and thereby prevent those indispensiile ficilities for trade and business at hote, which e'e ni-eeary in oider to meet engagenents entered into during a period of an abundance of motey and great cominiercial prosperity. For this I know no remedy by legis lation. Prudence and industry are in my judgment the only remedial agents, to relieve us from present em barrassments. I shall be opposed to any further increase in the number of Banks in the State, as dangerous to a sound currency, and to the true pros perity of the people. To the 4th interrogatory I reply that I am altogether indisposed to sa. rifice the interest of the State for the benefit of Railroad orporations or any other " monopolies." .i do not believe however, that the Legislative assembly is the proper tribunal to judge of the infringenett of charters or ot' the _x. tent of injury to life and property, but that all these are property refera ble to the courts of Law to determine the nature of, and the extent of damna ges.. But. 1 am *yf opinion also that their charters should be, so amended under the Act of 1841 as to create greater security to lives and property committed to their charge in order to hold them to stricter obligations, to discharge the duties which tht r. virtu-. ally promise to the public ; andl which are now greatly disregarded in the manner in which they arc at presen't conducted. Any wholesome renmedy for existing evils..as .connected. with Railroads, which shall be brought about in conformity to .Iaw ,and a, proper regard for vested rights will receive my cordial support. 5th Qustion, Publie Education, hold to be of' paramou'nt importance, and no State is injured or impoverish ed, by affording the means of acquiring knowledge to the poor. I am in favor of the expenditure of the largest amount for the education of the citi zens of' the State ; provided always that it is expended in a manner so ju dicious, as to produce results adequate to the sum disbursed I believe, however that the present system is altogether defective, that the amount of good re sulting from' it is by noe means satis factory. 1 shall feel myself called upton therefore to support any plan by wvhich the present free school system will be improved and made to produce results which will be more satisfactory than at present to every fr'ienid ofedui. cation in the State. The power of a State is in proportion to the education of all classes of her young citizens. 'rho rich have, the power to edncate themselves-the poor are dependent, upon a proper system established by the State for their benefit No systenm now exists which can furnish a proper education for he por. Tihis ought not to be.~ present Judiiii rtd ct reply in'gen'r . mns? ge :vative3 n th'oern. K"the ofth~ government which it is the intention of all wise law givers, to make inde pendent in the discharge of their high and responsible duties should always be made with great care and a raeason able degree tt' hes.itancy. But if in the discharge of' the duties which may hereafter be imposed upon me a change can be made conducive to the conveni. ent and -more efliicient ad niinistratinn of Justice aamonhIg all clas:.es of people without ipair n!. in any way the in. dependence and dignitv ,- .!he Ibenh, I will alibrd it at (y.e. o st n'd 'port. 7th. I am in ll or. ,t' as low a rate of taxation as is e -i tent with the econon.cal requi rep'a'nts c t the guv. erunent. 8th. I amn it, :~ave~.r . reta'.ing the iresent iii :r . ' rgati'.u ion of' the State ; but at :nime tn:,- I '1hall ~sstami~ anyI a .'h enh;ov~lL ted to le-I-n1 th.- iO 1, * he* prts eit m1i''tal y retl.i a seat in .1w. .ing assseibly I am1 not inI~a: . ,) the extent of the injury. c. in a .n the mnll to of naukinig e-ion:hl'aIs in :h.. L. :,;ature. The viva vcet indiei j f :.e.. iineting elections is ce-rtninly an i'4en and manly One ; it i 1m111 ia t coniviieed withouta 1:1c1i1rge expeince that the Legidl.: 414 e as It V resenIt 1rg 1.izted is not, a litit 1fthl -honest, and imanly ex pionent of tihe w%-ill andi vi-ws of the higinninded pel 'ie of tlt Stte. I have thu, tllow ci' izegs endeIavor ed to answer entaldidly and lonestyI~ the queaion which have beei 1. rooun1 ded to ine by Onte among you. "W"Vus. ley" puts his interr guttories with acumen and ingenuity-1 have answer ed them with a def'rential regard to your interests and not for mry own advacement., such as the ' are my views are laid before you, do not know whether they are popular or not -. il t.ht' I know is tlhat they are honestly entertained and 1 am content to unite their fete with mnyowi. .1 am, Respectfully, ynotr Fellow r'itizen. ..W. L. REYNOLDS. The Eclipse. Nearly every one took a peep, through so eked glasse", p the eclipsi' ofthe sun on Friday. Ti r.aost per. ses it wits of inteLrest, as I rare rani wonderful I.henaomena of nato)re and a triumph of the power of a science, that could calculate to a minute its comring. extent, duration, atu.4 d. parture. will venture t say however, that nli of our readers regarded it in the onni. nous light, in whieh it is treated il the following artile cotigd .rom the Phil. aelphia .Siln, which if it di es not startle will atulse: F oIaEWAaNED, FonEWA aNED I LooK To TE sTA S.!---\Vc do not .rfer. ill our capt ion to the ." star'" .. tes poliee, o tile " stars" of, the drttiiatie world, t tugh tiwy want. -loo)ingr after; but our attetiton las now gravely. directed to the " stars that. rule tl. night,' froim whose ph 'hetic aspecL the Chal deans anl a-i 'logers of old drew auguries of d.mger, and forewarned nations and individunal. 1t" the mloon controls the tides, why should not the stars control 4" the tides. ill the tffairs of mIP'en?" Who ' J)trp ttred to say that astrology is . -' ph Ioaph~y, boniha', uns"onl ad. To umatteir coibualng itd .a --e 44p -en-a;t l; Whoise lii.(ht is confing'd wath ii nImtnre', all round. Its pions the web of aophistie persua W ho0 dure gainaeny i he assertion that astral influences have not, a iontralina effect upon "4 the good timea coing,' andl that younig AmerL'it.az mayt~ nott,pJeer' into future d s'tinoe gaf' 1: oaintry through their ag.*ot ? eaepre pared altmost tio mII) t a Ills ung tad deny i'.thinig ii thle,- ihy.. a aiml maagnetismn, spint' a).j rin~.I g-, Iable mfovmg~i and otC.4tls i research. In our limited sphe' mil how dare we cope with thle intellIigence't ..1' the unknown sphleres coin uie 'atel to us t hro gh mnediumrs, however to~xy 'a;' tisny l We cannot be skeptiea if wet woodt, and we wouldj not if wes. coltid. f'or we are tinieturled witin pelemi..m11 Sm, anid hook forwar'd to a asmne. when the starIs will be alphabetical .y ar'ranged. the c4onstel lattionls classailed m at'trographira! lexi cons, and the mitky way SP~uiamed by railroad with sumspenionI buditge's ti'omi planet to planet, and loconii4 ves thnn dering throughi the b)lue empy143reanl we look, thei'efore, gra vely and bhei.inglvy upon the ,portents of ast'4roogy, and have now' to tell- our follow-countr'y men that the great Solar Eclipse ot May, 1854, will p -o disastrous to us,.if its influences ua e not avoided. We rid thi peinen presse~d aand ind aPi'idwr &{~ae, And 'roin 2 6Ir'iin . ppo .iIl~a I diso of eb sun, um irate ~ya'he miearn mp,~jt dea rfgUItswI'~fte 'it this j'ote. 1 e go tenext25t~h Junie; egho lst w. Sleptemnbert bewa'r&, 'pntm of i8m'5 amd Iie. tw . e ceedincg years ! Let the compromise question be definite.y settled; let Slave ry Agitation cease, for "Zadkiel's Almanac" for 1854' tells us they will be fatal to our .:oiestio peace ! And di4 not Zadkiel foretell the woes of France written upon the solar eclipse of 1847, with the death of the Empe. ror of Austria, and of Louis Phillipe, and the Chine-e insurrection. Not that the Hapsburglr was old, or the Orleans gouty and dropsical or that the mutterings of dissension had been heard years previously is'the flowery laud of Mea, but that these events were prognusticated by the stars and fore. ,hadowed in the eclipse. Be warned therefore by Zadkiel, who has placed his astrolabe to his prophetie eye, and thus read- the fate of America'in the Annular Eclipse of hke Sun, at Wash. ington in America, 3 h. 39 m. 6s., Afay 23. 1854. Afean time in that City. This great, defect of the Greater Light of Heaven dill be of a most renarkatble character, for the very mometnent of the eclipse is that of the tolar conjucncionm wirh the evil planet Saturn. The Sun, Moon, and Saturn will all three be luund- in the 13th ,Minute of the 6th degree of the sign Germuin, which rules .America. Such a piwnomenon does lot occur in many ceuturies--perhaps has never before taken place. At the time we find Mircury ruler of the eclipse, in the diirdl i gree of the same sign. and Mar easting a baleful square thereto ire;mi the 9th degeireef Virgo. At the --ery ilioieneet of the ecliptic conjunc. tion, . piter falls -n the lower meridi an exactly, and Veinus is found descend. ing below the western horizon, forming a bealeful sqiuare to the greater fortune. It, is no idle task to read the great and m omietous indications of these heavenly indices.of the sovereign will about to be visted by the avenger. 1'eee cup ot tlitr iaL eenal 'iniqity is Sull. 'i~e c--y. of the crusheid anad toil. worn uise. able al,-; has reached his -ianser ! 1 he hell born systemn shall cease ; but n-,t without a fearful strug gle, which like the rush of the mighty waters ol N iagara, shall shake to pieces the social systeei t'unded by. Wash eogton, wh - left the fatal taint of sla t ry aliong his country's institutions -the oln tailing in that immortal he re's chadraLter. Yea, before this eclipse. shall end.its .rule--nhay, before Saturn leave, the sight-Ameriercn blood shall .llow like water-the federal system abaei be ent usnder-the pride ofthee A mec iean lieple shall be humbled, aned their cruelty, punished. They, too, shall feel the heel of the oppressor the.r vannted liberties shall be curtail ed-civil war will rage, and martial law silence the bravest defeceders of the U..inn. The whole world's attention will be dra a to the destruction of the power of tile. A merican eagle; but frot its lashes a Phuniiix w ill arise freed fioma the stain of Domestic Sla' very ! The.. 25th of June, and especially the 1st tl Septeuber', will be periods when the cciispe will begin to work ; but its chief effects will be felt, in the spring of 1i55, when about February, great and sad will be the scenes of bloodshed in 'the United Sates," no longer meriting that title. Not till two % ears shall have pitssed away, w.ii Aerica kceow pecor eanse to feel the stinge' of this gient celestial phl~eenomeon. As the g eat solatr celi ip.e of October- 8th, 18. 47 .was seen therough France and other haureaecn counetries, juest before the iearful revolution of 1848, so will thce ine of central acnd acnnular eclipse in this case cross exactly the very heart of the United States, Timeo will again reveal the reality of the powers of thu heavenly bodies on natdionis aced inedividuals, cat the monment of these great."elipscs, as recorded and established by the old Chaldeans, and iln vain denied by the professed phi. losopehers of our skeptical anid icnlidel ticees. Let, my readers turn back to tne predictions (hadle by cme from thaut eclipse of 1847, for inustatnce, the death of s. mel grcat king uneder' the domuin ion ot Libra ; iicd observe the speedy ened of the Ecmperor of Austria, ruled by "~ Libra :" aned the death of Louis Phillippo, bornc under "Libra." Acid again, dhe tollowing, speaking of Chinaci rulied by "Libra" at p. 45 of my Al. eteanae for 1848. "The~ people will niae in insurrection, anid there will be civil war rag/ing in the land, aced death to the Emeperor." Ihave cnot, our newspapers teemed with accoun ts of the vast inusur'rection ini China theat has bceen "raging" ever sinece 1849, in which year I said the effects would there be first fejt i uthieclipse will take eff'ect in mcany .uth rseguuntrica, thoelh not b'e. ing.. vi Iiihtsjower wvill he less thcan ice A liOef*ZLondon will feecl the sting in :n1:.niling degree, more especially hirimg the stay of Saturne in.,the .Gemi-. ni. All p~crcons .orti near .the 26th e Mi' .will feei .it alku, ill scckccess, family losses, acnd alillictions, acnd a v, very many thousand, will it call to another world. I regret exceedingly to see that it is so near the birthday of a mighty monarch, England will have cause to .weep ! I apprehend also some mad attempt on the inviolability of old England's coasts, during the reign of this eclipse, or other insult to the honor of Eng. land's flag: it will be avenged. An. cient authors say that an eclipse of the Sun in the face of Gemini, "causeth dissensLion among priests, inveterate hatred and seditions, and a contempt of both the laws of God and man." Northern Philanthropy. The outcry raised by people in non slaveholding States against slavery imposes upon no one but themselves. Ate Northern men better than South. ern ? Are they more humane, merci ful and generous? Is human nature North of Mason and Dixon's line a dif'erent thing from human nature South.of it ? Why should people be more comt passionate and more be. nevolent there than they are here ? What makes them so ? And how do they show ii ? Did they ever hold slaves? What has become of those slaves? Did they give them away ! Not a bit of it. Before their law abolishing slavery went into operation-which was not till slavery ceased to be profitable they sold everything black in their possession to the Southern States. W. hat an illustration of disinterested philanthropy. Why did they not set us a better example. A Did their people ever have any con nexion with the slave trade.? Most undoubtedly. They were the princi pal men who carried it on. They made large fiortunes by it. It Is a curisgs fact . that, until the j merican ovungiwi. asse d las inst the slave trade, 'orthern p h n'6py was never excited upon the subject of Southern slavery. .Have they ever shown their exces. sive compassion for the slave- by cons tributing the money nade in th'slave trade, or in any other way, to his emancipation ? Not at all. They have built up colossal, fortunes and mamn moth cities upon slave labor. But they keep a tight grip of every dime. They will not buy the freedom of slaves. They will not aid the fugi Live negro who has. escaped from sla very, to escape from starvation.. They will not show mercy to. their own white poor, much less to the blacks of another section. Why, then, do they. raise sech a fuss about slavery ?. Nut because they are more sympathising or. more humane than others. fIr true humanity and true sympathy show themselves in fruitful deads,- and not in barren words. It is easier to pick. flaws in -your neighbor's character than to reform your own. Moreover, the outcry against the nomi nal slavery of the black laborer diverts attention from the real slavery of the .Nurthern laborer. Northern abolition is made up of fanaticism, en . y. hatred, and all un charitableness. It is a thing. of the head and of the fancy. The heart has nothing to do with it, except in its worst passions. Antipathy to the master, not sympathy with the slaves, is its ruling principle. Again we say. if these hy pocrites impose upon them selves, they impose upon no ope else. - Richmrond Dispatch. GYPsUM FOnL GAnDENSINO PURPOSES. -This ,valuable fertilizer is not yet half appreciated by southern gardeners As a mi..nure for poor soils, it is valu less; its chief benefit arises from its powver of holding and fixing the arumos nia which. rises from--manure already in the soil, and we look upon -mnythinig as mianure that , is food for plants, whether it comes from the stable or the swamp. From the sulphur in Gy psum, it is a g reat preventative 01 worms; gardens well dressed with it will be exempt from the cut worm. Young cabbages and turnips sprinkled with in their germinating state will be exempt from the ravages of the green worm. Guano- is doubly increased in value by being sowved- with plaster. The past dry summer has fully devel oped the utility of Gypsum ; wvheneyer we applied Gypsum to the oplons, English peas, potitoes, or melons, therewe have had he fin'est crops -nt whndig the drought. We-observe whnthere has been no dew.atrnight, and all vegetation looks parched aced d ry, where the Gy psum has beeni fully used in. the gan den, there Is a damnp. ness In the morning like a .dow had flillen. .Its is asserted by an eminent Northern Horticulturist, that G3 psum is possitively injurious to straw ~beles; we have no' doubtbuy it ailates the vine inLtoo r0 tpid a an4ld as wp of the South wana A of viie, it aboud be use~ cautlou y. But fdr "rden gedlos, Whrti~. oGyps y aj groat .promote. of pe tihe by mo4gening'tho food rcen 1ma mmimsnma.m...... . .4 the roots to take up with their thousand mouths. Sloshing About. The Judges often - tell stories on the members of the bar, :albeit they are much oftner the subjects of stories themselves. We lately heard one of the former- illustrating the propriety of "letting well enough alone," by the following anecdote: - -- An affray case was on trial in 'the Circuit Court of Pike' county, ih, which some six'.or eight peace breakers were represented by almost as-naiy-law yer$, each of whom, in turn, put the only:-witness for the State -through the torttires ofa tedioqs c14ss d ainiiation, Nat-, a, wel l- known Montgomaery practitioner, was counsel for a' big black looking fellow in the crowd, who answered to the name of Saltonstall. As to this defendant, the only proot .which was elicited on the examination in the chief of the witness for the pros ecution, was that-to use the peculiar phraseology, of the narrator-"white the rest on 'em a cussinennd cPnchid' and pairing off for a reglar r'yal, Sal ton;:a 'jest kept'sloshan about . The Solicitor and Nat both constuoted this to mean that Saltonstall was only novitng about,-drunk among the comi batants; and the:former did. not press for an explanation. Presently,-' how. ever, it came to Nat's turn to cross ex amine for his client.; and as he had received quite a handsome fee, on sidering how things stood, he felt bound to make something'ofa 'demon. stration.' -So quoth he, with the air of the avenger of injured innocence.: " Come, witness, say over again in what it w that Mr. Saltonatall had-to do with this afliir ?" "Saltoistahl Why -'lve told you several time; the rest on-'emelhiched aind- pairide off, but Srtdnstall, feat Nat, quite testify, 'we want to- know what that is. -It isn't -exactly legal evidence in the shape- fou put it. -Toll us whatyo meat by elohi' ahcM "Well,', answered the witness very deliberately.- 'I'll try. You see, John Brewer and S) kes they clinched and font. That's in legal form; ain't it ? " Oh, yes !" said Nat-"go on !" "-Abnoyand Blackman then pitch ed into dn':ianother; and .Blackman bit ofF a piece of. Albney's lip-that's legle too, ain't it ?" " Proceed I" "Simpson and Bill Stone and Mur ray, was all together on the ground, a bitin,'gougin': and kickin' one ano ther-that's legle, too, IN it ? " Very !-but go on 1" e "And -Saltenatafl made' it his busi ness to walk backwards -and- forwards through the crowd, with a big stick in his hand, and knocked down every loose man in the crowd as fast as he came to 'em!" That's what I call 'sloshhi' about." Nat is of opinion, -now, that unless prima facci case is made out by the prosecution, on tha direct examipation of their witnesses, it - s quite a nwell for the defendant to wave his right to cross examine. - HoTinoas or GUANO TRADE.--4e have received full confirmation of-the horrors reported to be in cour~se of per petration, in connectionf with the gan trade, at the Chincha Islands. it isi picked up) and wheeled to the shoots, it appear's, by contract. The contrac tor has impo;ted Chinamen for thh work,,.nearly six hundred of whom are now on. these islands. They- are hijred for five years, at the-ate..oft 45per annum. They commence work in the morning as soon- as' they can see tc work. They have five tons of guant to dig and wheel to a distance of' one eighth of a mile. It. is ' all, or nearly aill, SO Jiard that it has *to be pleked up; and.iftthey do not accomplish these five tons by 5 o'clock p. mn., they arn flogged with raw hide whips, some fivn feet long, reciving one dozen at -ipos each of which starts ths:blood:; ther they are draiven-. back. to fhlsh theil work. The -guano, has a very bad of feet upott~themn, swellinigiheir legs anc feet. Notwithstanding all- theseg ho*v ever, if they .oaaa get.. along,' they ari compelled to~ finish their task.~ Ou informant says ~ 'I lhaveknown as many a thirt~ flogged' in one 'dayi Theyt:have n< Sunday allowed 'with tiielgjion,.c one in a1 yar, the same qr'k gAii oli orn sunday a -during the rest of'th week, . hne consequenq f this iI treateent is suicde ln-~o fren such -as leapipig 'froi te rook. i% hu~ndred feet hIgh, outt restlje and burr theniselvesie.hl a has 4t~ ly bde~ -h knodl e Oneju iad bh ds ~ two e oe d 4 Mat recove ; e SPANISH DEOGADATION. have not travelled ipain o .:I little acquinted with the :nanners customs of .the'countey,.hae a,, that all Spaniardkard graverd like the Castilran;: Thisn w "e far from ieing thece'a e of each province are alth t. , i1 as different nations, hai ngaiii and customs, dramsii dirlgctj pt liar to themselves.; 'Thhi peculmrit. doubtless Ow Mr to thei'IObltion eoft chain of niotmtains hidl interne thr peniula, and cutodif intere.'mmun.in :tion,. as well- as the-'fact . that fer e4 these" provincdis ,formed separate lnd distinct kingdoms. ' The-rude, booril Gallrian ; the industrious Catalan ;,t i -idle, jovial Ardalusian ; the sly, vind. tive Valencian.; and the grave, digni fled sons of Castillo, di fr from eanli other as much as the4E itants of di. tinct nations. - In -raf g over this beautiful country, upon which niita: hay lavished the choicest fifors, am'i which under the rule o n Moors, was s land flo' ng ,lt and honey,'the tourist is trkI scenes of desolation:that every'whie :x - meet the view. " i roams cveIii I unpeopled wastes, treeilq sand attdl, where the melancholy pie re s; fren' heightened by ruined castles a# v5ila. ges, the signs of fcirinerprosgerity< passed "way. Thea tqwns through which he .pas.es,1 -gdo t 11 abode of poverty and w and an air of gloom and sadnles per va - des their silent 'streets. The 'eapurs have lost their formere'orniercial i portanee, and tiia.:>ilen -quays, oh t ronged by a btsa clgid, attit'. the decayed condltiu Gf le, larid.-! : And whereforeit may b poverty, desolation. and tohedi w. so visible i egcoudtrj ' u K , advantage unsurpassd by a. 0 ht i tendom ; where * fOrLje s . ; w where the bowels, f preckius mpetals Cotal a id quarri deumerable :variety u >. r3ubl: ine, with a positidal imast ,iayir:n: - comnerge,-and a line ofeacoe . ding in fineh rburn . Yes, Wher; is this beautiful and -one fit n+,; id8 land so "fallen Aer. pepile si Mi ignorancq, and so far behiund o y. # er.civilized nation in arts and acgiLe1ul ture'l'The answer-may lie ond :these words,-bad governtnent4 ets in Spuin. AN EXAMPLE FOR Y " The Messrs. - Harpers,' o who recently lost about 4 0 fire, but-who are still in tindepe c rcumstanees-able to reom - operations on an extensive scale nenced life *ouor buys, . The York Times furtlisl tali ,brief history of the ca hi .pers-:.t. N "The pstablishuhent af Yth was founded by Jame" uldest of the- four who = no the firm. He came to theo t, a lad fifteen years old, and'sen apprenticeship..of sie ve wpda cm'i 4 Thonitts, the-leadin pdinwrastf6ht h day. His brother Jahrro iTfo'1 him, and learned the trade: 0fMr u:J)!Iii Seymour, a printer jn Johli te ta i t. 1819, with a capital Jamch badsave.} '; the brothers opened a sniaj tka~idu job oflice- in' Dover strest&Th' fis ' book they printed was- Soe ' ~r als;.the second was -au- edi iifd Methodist'Ctechismn they publishid en tileir ow wias Locke's 36say. ontb * A Understanding. Tey toiiVr~' remitting industryahd h tietdl highest .characiter.foir a' 6s in. 'ity. ' lr820Mthell hdbrotier Joseph .Wesley, joinsd thi ad si years later Fletoher~boea nmer '~ the .have' arried on they ublluishW .2 wiadegreet of well 'aiLd n which has' few 'parallelp."~ muevedto'Cliff-,street about-182 have iaddt d one,. bnild16g:'afte anotthe to their establishniieras~t ~ d anmif of their. bushiess reijdired .EI a h~u: of beoks they hAve :asu-d. l g~od inealculable. 'For the a. they, have enulished, 7 p U4 twenty-fve'volunos a'i~i~ hputs tiday-and frioa' thousand persolis hev~ lahood tiomi thleir eo .~ ~ ~ The d6 Ithe emt. lt j~t . rea s Iaauem~mu4Wiar.ue.maeem=rnr~mmm'tW-a