The Sumter banner. (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, June 21, 1854, Image 2
DEVOTED TO SOUTHERN RIGHTS, DEMOCRACY, NEWS, LITERATURE, AGIC $
WILLIAM LEWIS, - PROPRIETORS. - -
JOHN S. RICHARDSON, JR., RS eI- -
VOL. VIII. - SUMTERVILLE, S. C., JUNE 21, 1S4. A
THE SUMTER BANNER,
IS PUBLISnED
Ever y Wednesday Horniag
BY
Lewis & Richardson,
TERYS,
TWO DOLLARS in advance, Two Dollars
and Fifty Cents at the expiration of six mounths
or Three Dollars at the end of ths year.
No paper discontinued until all arrearages
are PAID, unless at the option of the Proprietor.
Z Advertisements inserted at SEVENTY
FIV Cent per square, (12 lines or less,) for
the first, and half that sum for each subsequent
Insertion, (Official advertisements the same
each time).
S- 'The number of insertions to be marked
en all Advertisements or they will he published
until ordered to be discontinued, and charged
accordingly.
a g" ONE DOLLA R per square for a single
*insertion. Quarterly and Monthly Advertise
men.a will be charged the same as a single in
aertion. and semi-monthly the same as new ones
For the Banner.
To the Citizens of Clarendon
County.
A communication under the signa
ture of " Wesley " appeared in the
Banner of the 17th May, proposing a
series of questions to the candidates for
the next Legislature ; and as I, among
others occupy the position "of a can
didate for your singues and conli
dence," and iecognize your right to
know my opinions upon all matters of
political or district interest, I shall pro.
eeed to reply to the questions propos
ed ; and in a way as brieffind conpre
hensive es my ability will allow nie
considering their very wide range, aid
the great intricacies and difficulties
'which surround them. As a citizen
myself of the county I have long felt
the necessity of having One or more
Ia vorable and eligible places of transit
*to our markets across the Santee
Swamp and river, I am aware that
there is no aection of the State so ut
4erly deficient in this grat convenience
and necessity as our own. E,eept by
Railroad'tilbre is no safe and conveni
ent crossingto t.ur markets at all sea
sons of the year, from thi town of
Camden to the mouth of the Santee
river a distance I believe ot not less
than one hundred and thirty miles; so
that a large portion of the State, as
fertile a'nd thriving, as any part of it
(if not, more so) is altogether depend
- ent, upon the Railroad for all conmmu
nication diredt or indirect, with the seat
of government and the netropolis.
.Ihe Railroad owing to its remoteness
from nany of the localities, remedies
only io a partial. extent this great in.
conventence-an iounvenience so
great indeed as to a ount to a positive
evil ; to say nothing of the itmpossibili.
"' ty.of the planters availing thtmtselves
of high prices in the markets.owing to
the s.uncertainty and tardiness of the
transmission of their products to tnutr
kot ; under dircumstances so generally.
and briefly stated, I .hall feel myself
unider the stp-ongest obligations should
I.be honored by your confidence to use
ail of. the exertions . in my power,.to
remedy this. oppression and burthen
spne condition of things, biy endeavor
ing to procure from the State atssistance
to egnstruct, or if practicable re con
struct, a highway which will at all
tines allow of travel across it; and by
having renewed those charters for fer
ries which' have expired; and if the
convenience of our people requires it
to obtain charters for others.
* To the first distinct question, as to
whether or not I am in faivor of giving
the election of electors for President
a',nd Vice-President to the people, and
itn whatimode, I beg leave to answer
that havig the highest respe~ct and
*yeneratiog for the present political or
2daniza.tiopf the State, I arm unwilling
hitstily to advocate any measure, which
wvould tenid toedistuirb the ballances of
government under which we are nowv
so happily ruled, I am therefore op
pysed to gjving the election of electors
~by general ticket to the people be
puse lI regrard it as the first step to
~vards a radical ,change in the whole
systen1m ?hennestion of representa
toh by poplation and-xation, is the
chef grqgund'u pon which the people of
the outern States are compelled to
conteh#i.[ortheir equality by represen
tatli lihtie Federal cotncil; and to
S ~tha~t pi chief ouslesto
on one ootrhefsafeguards
'4. 4~the gi-eat questions now pending- be
t een the Ntrth and South,- la contend
tl oi'eh to give this election to
t e p by a general ticket wvill be
y ti13 to destroy the politi~al infltu
~. ~kf~.aarge portion of the State, and.
~ ~ipower altogether it the hatnds
erdistricts. At the same
Sthe oxilense land itnconveni
.4 ej6 r~~~ito theu 'State from hold
lug n letia session -of the Legislature
o~oe~ f4itears fdtj'the purpose of
~aptti~~ fthe' State, To ob'
's~f~thi ~ l costitution
g e um ven h
e atired$.t
th.5a
complaints of hasty and imperfect leg.
islation owing to a want of time to
mature the bill before the house and
pass them into laws in a form as per
feet as they ought to be ; and that
much that is demanded by the country
in the way of Legislation is thrown
aside for the want of time to consider
them. With regard to the election of
electors by the district system, which
preserves the relative position of
the upper and lover country, in my
opinion it is too complicated and cum.
brous in its operation to work welli
and I am therefore at present not an
advocate for a change.
To the second interrogatory I would
reply, that except for very especial and
cogent reasons in particular instances,
I shall be opposed to the division of
the large and populous districts, of the
State into small election districts .is
involving in a very eminent degree the
destruction of the present system o
checks and balances in the State which
n .w so happily govern us, which are
refered to in the answer to a previous
interrogatory.
3d. With regard to the present fi.
nancial condition of the State it would
he exceedingly dillieult to trace out the
incidental and remote causes which
have led to the present stringency in
the money markets, both in this State
and of the union. Perhaps over trading
in the first instal co and subsequently
the disturbed and uncertain condition
of European afliI-s, in which England
with whom we hold the most exten
sive commercial relations, is deeply
involved have both contributed to pro
duce these results. Perhaps also, we
have ourselves increased the pressure
as far as this State is concerned, by the
establishment recently of a number of
new banks which created a necessity
for the Bank ofthe State and the long
established and well conducted banks
to restrict their discounts to such an
extent as to cut off the usual accoum
iuodations from our own citizens and
thereby prevent those indispensiile
ficilities for trade and business at
hote, which e'e ni-eeary in oider to
meet engagenents entered into during
a period of an abundance of motey
and great cominiercial prosperity.
For this I know no remedy by legis
lation. Prudence and industry are
in my judgment the only remedial
agents, to relieve us from present em
barrassments. I shall be opposed to
any further increase in the number of
Banks in the State, as dangerous to a
sound currency, and to the true pros
perity of the people.
To the 4th interrogatory I reply
that I am altogether indisposed to sa.
rifice the interest of the State for the
benefit of Railroad orporations or any
other " monopolies." .i do not believe
however, that the Legislative assembly
is the proper tribunal to judge of the
infringenett of charters or ot' the _x.
tent of injury to life and property,
but that all these are property refera
ble to the courts of Law to determine
the nature of, and the extent of damna
ges.. But. 1 am *yf opinion also that
their charters should be, so amended
under the Act of 1841 as to create
greater security to lives and property
committed to their charge in order to
hold them to stricter obligations, to
discharge the duties which tht r. virtu-.
ally promise to the public ; andl which
are now greatly disregarded in the
manner in which they arc at presen't
conducted. Any wholesome renmedy
for existing evils..as .connected. with
Railroads, which shall be brought
about in conformity to .Iaw ,and a,
proper regard for vested rights will
receive my cordial support.
5th Qustion, Publie Education,
hold to be of' paramou'nt importance,
and no State is injured or impoverish
ed, by affording the means of acquiring
knowledge to the poor. I am in favor
of the expenditure of the largest
amount for the education of the citi
zens of' the State ; provided always
that it is expended in a manner so ju
dicious, as to produce results adequate
to the sum disbursed I believe, however
that the present system is altogether
defective, that the amount of good re
sulting from' it is by noe means satis
factory. 1 shall feel myself called
upton therefore to support any plan by
wvhich the present free school system
will be improved and made to produce
results which will be more satisfactory
than at present to every fr'ienid ofedui.
cation in the State. The power of a
State is in proportion to the education
of all classes of her young citizens.
'rho rich have, the power to edncate
themselves-the poor are dependent,
upon a proper system established by
the State for their benefit No systenm
now exists which can furnish a proper
education for he por. Tihis ought
not to be.~
present Judiiii rtd ct
reply in'gen'r . mns? ge
:vative3 n
th'oern. K"the ofth~
government which it is the intention
of all wise law givers, to make inde
pendent in the discharge of their high
and responsible duties should always
be made with great care and a raeason
able degree tt' hes.itancy. But if in
the discharge of' the duties which may
hereafter be imposed upon me a change
can be made conducive to the conveni.
ent and -more efliicient ad niinistratinn
of Justice aamonhIg all clas:.es of people
without ipair n!. in any way the in.
dependence and dignitv ,- .!he Ibenh,
I will alibrd it at (y.e. o st n'd 'port.
7th. I am in ll or. ,t' as low a rate
of taxation as is e -i tent with the
econon.cal requi rep'a'nts c t the guv.
erunent.
8th. I amn it, :~ave~.r . reta'.ing the
iresent iii :r . ' rgati'.u ion of' the
State ; but at :nime tn:,- I '1hall
~sstami~ anyI a .'h enh;ov~lL
ted to le-I-n1 th.- iO 1, * he* prts
eit m1i''tal y retl.i
a seat in .1w. .ing assseibly
I am1 not inI~a: . ,) the extent of
the injury. c. in a .n the mnll to of
naukinig e-ion:hl'aIs in :h.. L. :,;ature.
The viva vcet indiei j f :.e.. iineting
elections is ce-rtninly an i'4en and
manly One ; it i 1m111 ia t coniviieed
withouta 1:1c1i1rge expeince that
the Legidl.: 414 e as It V resenIt 1rg 1.izted
is not, a litit 1fthl -honest, and imanly ex
pionent of tihe w%-ill andi vi-ws of the
higinninded pel 'ie of tlt Stte.
I have thu, tllow ci' izegs endeIavor
ed to answer entaldidly and lonestyI~
the queaion which have beei 1. rooun1
ded to ine by Onte among you. "W"Vus.
ley" puts his interr guttories with
acumen and ingenuity-1 have answer
ed them with a def'rential regard to
your interests and not for mry own
advacement., such as the ' are my views
are laid before you, do not know
whether they are popular or not -. il
t.ht' I know is tlhat they are honestly
entertained and 1 am content to unite
their fete with mnyowi.
.1 am, Respectfully,
ynotr Fellow r'itizen.
..W. L. REYNOLDS.
The Eclipse.
Nearly every one took a peep,
through so eked glasse", p the eclipsi'
ofthe sun on Friday. Ti r.aost per.
ses it wits of inteLrest, as I rare rani
wonderful I.henaomena of nato)re and a
triumph of the power of a science, that
could calculate to a minute its comring.
extent, duration, atu.4 d. parture.
will venture t say however, that nli
of our readers regarded it in the onni.
nous light, in whieh it is treated il the
following artile cotigd .rom the Phil.
aelphia .Siln, which if it di es not
startle will atulse:
F oIaEWAaNED, FonEWA aNED I LooK To
TE sTA S.!---\Vc do not .rfer. ill our
capt ion to the ." star'" .. tes poliee, o
tile " stars" of, the drttiiatie world,
t tugh tiwy want. -loo)ingr after; but
our attetiton las now gravely. directed
to the " stars that. rule tl. night,'
froim whose ph 'hetic aspecL the Chal
deans anl a-i 'logers of old drew
auguries of d.mger, and forewarned
nations and individunal. 1t" the mloon
controls the tides, why should not the
stars control 4" the tides. ill the tffairs of
mIP'en?" Who ' J)trp ttred to say that
astrology is .
-' ph Ioaph~y, boniha', uns"onl ad.
To umatteir coibualng itd .a --e 44p -en-a;t l;
Whoise lii.(ht is confing'd wath ii nImtnre',
all round.
Its pions the web of aophistie persua
W ho0 dure gainaeny i he assertion that
astral influences have not, a iontralina
effect upon "4 the good timea coing,'
andl that younig AmerL'it.az mayt~ nott,pJeer'
into future d s'tinoe gaf' 1: oaintry
through their ag.*ot ? eaepre
pared altmost tio mII) t a Ills ung tad
deny i'.thinig ii thle,- ihy.. a aiml
maagnetismn, spint' a).j rin~.I g-, Iable
mfovmg~i and otC.4tls i research. In
our limited sphe' mil how dare we cope
with thle intellIigence't ..1' the unknown
sphleres coin uie 'atel to us t hro gh
mnediumrs, however to~xy 'a;' tisny l We
cannot be skeptiea if wet woodt, and
we wouldj not if wes. coltid. f'or we are
tinieturled witin pelemi..m11 Sm, anid hook
forwar'd to a asmne. when the starIs will
be alphabetical .y ar'ranged. the c4onstel
lattionls classailed m at'trographira! lexi
cons, and the mitky way SP~uiamed by
railroad with sumspenionI buditge's ti'omi
planet to planet, and loconii4 ves thnn
dering throughi the b)lue empy143reanl we
look, thei'efore, gra vely and bhei.inglvy
upon the ,portents of ast'4roogy, and
have now' to tell- our follow-countr'y
men that the great Solar Eclipse ot
May, 1854, will p -o disastrous to
us,.if its influences ua e not avoided.
We rid thi peinen presse~d aand
ind aPi'idwr &{~ae, And 'roin
2 6Ir'iin . ppo .iIl~a I diso of
eb sun, um irate ~ya'he miearn mp,~jt
dea rfgUItswI'~fte 'it this j'ote.
1 e go tenext25t~h Junie;
egho lst w. Sleptemnbert bewa'r&,
'pntm of i8m'5 amd Iie. tw . e
ceedincg years ! Let the compromise
question be definite.y settled; let Slave
ry Agitation cease, for "Zadkiel's
Almanac" for 1854' tells us they will
be fatal to our .:oiestio peace ! And
di4 not Zadkiel foretell the woes of
France written upon the solar eclipse
of 1847, with the death of the Empe.
ror of Austria, and of Louis Phillipe,
and the Chine-e insurrection. Not
that the Hapsburglr was old, or the
Orleans gouty and dropsical or that
the mutterings of dissension had been
heard years previously is'the flowery
laud of Mea, but that these events were
prognusticated by the stars and fore.
,hadowed in the eclipse. Be warned
therefore by Zadkiel, who has placed
his astrolabe to his prophetie eye, and
thus read- the fate of America'in the
Annular Eclipse of hke Sun, at Wash.
ington in America, 3 h. 39 m. 6s., Afay
23. 1854. Afean time in that City.
This great, defect of the Greater
Light of Heaven dill be of a most
renarkatble character, for the very
mometnent of the eclipse is that of the
tolar conjucncionm wirh the evil planet
Saturn. The Sun, Moon, and Saturn
will all three be luund- in the 13th
,Minute of the 6th degree of the sign
Germuin, which rules .America. Such
a piwnomenon does lot occur in many
ceuturies--perhaps has never before
taken place. At the time we find
Mircury ruler of the eclipse, in the
diirdl i gree of the same sign. and
Mar easting a baleful square thereto
ire;mi the 9th degeireef Virgo. At the
--ery ilioieneet of the ecliptic conjunc.
tion, . piter falls -n the lower meridi
an exactly, and Veinus is found descend.
ing below the western horizon, forming
a bealeful sqiuare to the greater fortune.
It, is no idle task to read the great
and m omietous indications of these
heavenly indices.of the sovereign will
about to be visted by the avenger.
1'eee cup ot tlitr iaL eenal 'iniqity is
Sull. 'i~e c--y. of the crusheid anad toil.
worn uise. able al,-; has reached his
-ianser ! 1 he hell born systemn shall
cease ; but n-,t without a fearful strug
gle, which like the rush of the mighty
waters ol N iagara, shall shake to pieces
the social systeei t'unded by. Wash
eogton, wh - left the fatal taint of sla
t ry aliong his country's institutions
-the oln tailing in that immortal he
re's chadraLter. Yea, before this eclipse.
shall end.its .rule--nhay, before Saturn
leave, the sight-Ameriercn blood shall
.llow like water-the federal system
abaei be ent usnder-the pride ofthee
A mec iean lieple shall be humbled, aned
their cruelty, punished. They, too,
shall feel the heel of the oppressor
the.r vannted liberties shall be curtail
ed-civil war will rage, and martial
law silence the bravest defeceders of the
U..inn. The whole world's attention
will be dra a to the destruction of
the power of tile. A merican eagle; but
frot its lashes a Phuniiix w ill arise
freed fioma the stain of Domestic Sla'
very !
The.. 25th of June, and especially the
1st tl Septeuber', will be periods when
the cciispe will begin to work ; but its
chief effects will be felt, in the spring of
1i55, when about February, great and
sad will be the scenes of bloodshed in
'the United Sates," no longer meriting
that title. Not till two % ears shall
have pitssed away, w.ii Aerica kceow
pecor eanse to feel the stinge' of this
gient celestial phl~eenomeon. As the
g eat solatr celi ip.e of October- 8th, 18.
47 .was seen therough France and other
haureaecn counetries, juest before the
iearful revolution of 1848, so will thce
ine of central acnd acnnular eclipse in
this case cross exactly the very heart
of the United States,
Timeo will again reveal the reality of
the powers of thu heavenly bodies on
natdionis aced inedividuals, cat the monment
of these great."elipscs, as recorded and
established by the old Chaldeans, and
iln vain denied by the professed phi.
losopehers of our skeptical anid icnlidel
ticees. Let, my readers turn back to
tne predictions (hadle by cme from thaut
eclipse of 1847, for inustatnce, the death
of s. mel grcat king uneder' the domuin
ion ot Libra ; iicd observe the speedy
ened of the Ecmperor of Austria, ruled
by "~ Libra :" aned the death of Louis
Phillippo, bornc under "Libra." Acid
again, dhe tollowing, speaking of Chinaci
rulied by "Libra" at p. 45 of my Al.
eteanae for 1848. "The~ people will
niae in insurrection, anid there will be
civil war rag/ing in the land, aced death
to the Emeperor."
Ihave cnot, our newspapers teemed
with accoun ts of the vast inusur'rection
ini China theat has bceen "raging" ever
sinece 1849, in which year I said the
effects would there be first fejt i
uthieclipse will take eff'ect in
mcany .uth rseguuntrica, thoelh not b'e.
ing.. vi Iiihtsjower wvill he less thcan
ice A liOef*ZLondon will feecl the sting
in :n1:.niling degree, more especially
hirimg the stay of Saturne in.,the .Gemi-.
ni. All p~crcons .orti near .the 26th
e Mi' .will feei .it alku, ill scckccess,
family losses, acnd alillictions, acnd a v,
very many thousand, will it call to
another world. I regret exceedingly
to see that it is so near the birthday of
a mighty monarch,
England will have cause to .weep !
I apprehend also some mad attempt
on the inviolability of old England's
coasts, during the reign of this eclipse,
or other insult to the honor of Eng.
land's flag: it will be avenged. An.
cient authors say that an eclipse of the
Sun in the face of Gemini, "causeth
dissensLion among priests, inveterate
hatred and seditions, and a contempt
of both the laws of God and man."
Northern Philanthropy.
The outcry raised by people in non
slaveholding States against slavery
imposes upon no one but themselves.
Ate Northern men better than South.
ern ? Are they more humane, merci
ful and generous? Is human nature
North of Mason and Dixon's line a
dif'erent thing from human nature
South.of it ? Why should people be
more comt passionate and more be.
nevolent there than they are here ?
What makes them so ? And how do
they show ii ?
Did they ever hold slaves? What
has become of those slaves? Did
they give them away ! Not a bit of
it. Before their law abolishing slavery
went into operation-which was not
till slavery ceased to be profitable
they sold everything black in their
possession to the Southern States.
W. hat an illustration of disinterested
philanthropy. Why did they not set
us a better example.
A Did their people ever have any con
nexion with the slave trade.? Most
undoubtedly. They were the princi
pal men who carried it on. They
made large fiortunes by it. It Is a
curisgs fact . that, until the j merican
ovungiwi. asse d las inst the
slave trade, 'orthern p h n'6py
was never excited upon the subject of
Southern slavery.
.Have they ever shown their exces.
sive compassion for the slave- by cons
tributing the money nade in th'slave
trade, or in any other way, to his
emancipation ? Not at all. They have
built up colossal, fortunes and mamn
moth cities upon slave labor. But
they keep a tight grip of every dime.
They will not buy the freedom of
slaves. They will not aid the fugi
Live negro who has. escaped from sla
very, to escape from starvation.. They
will not show mercy to. their own
white poor, much less to the blacks of
another section.
Why, then, do they. raise sech a fuss
about slavery ?. Nut because they are
more sympathising or. more humane
than others. fIr true humanity and true
sympathy show themselves in fruitful
deads,- and not in barren words. It is
easier to pick. flaws in -your neighbor's
character than to reform your own.
Moreover, the outcry against the nomi
nal slavery of the black laborer diverts
attention from the real slavery of the
.Nurthern laborer.
Northern abolition is made up of
fanaticism, en . y. hatred, and all un
charitableness. It is a thing. of the
head and of the fancy. The heart has
nothing to do with it, except in its
worst passions. Antipathy to the
master, not sympathy with the slaves,
is its ruling principle. Again we say.
if these hy pocrites impose upon them
selves, they impose upon no ope else.
- Richmrond Dispatch.
GYPsUM FOnL GAnDENSINO PURPOSES.
-This ,valuable fertilizer is not yet
half appreciated by southern gardeners
As a mi..nure for poor soils, it is valu
less; its chief benefit arises from its
powver of holding and fixing the arumos
nia which. rises from--manure already
in the soil, and we look upon -mnythinig
as mianure that , is food for plants,
whether it comes from the stable or
the swamp. From the sulphur in
Gy psum, it is a g reat preventative 01
worms; gardens well dressed with it
will be exempt from the cut worm.
Young cabbages and turnips sprinkled
with in their germinating state will be
exempt from the ravages of the green
worm. Guano- is doubly increased in
value by being sowved- with plaster.
The past dry summer has fully devel
oped the utility of Gypsum ; wvheneyer
we applied Gypsum to the oplons,
English peas, potitoes, or melons,
therewe have had he fin'est crops -nt
whndig the drought. We-observe
whnthere has been no dew.atrnight,
and all vegetation looks parched aced
d ry, where the Gy psum has beeni fully
used in. the gan den, there Is a damnp.
ness In the morning like a .dow had
flillen. .Its is asserted by an eminent
Northern Horticulturist, that G3 psum
is possitively injurious to straw ~beles;
we have no' doubtbuy it ailates
the vine inLtoo r0 tpid a an4ld
as wp of the South wana A
of viie, it aboud be use~ cautlou y.
But fdr "rden gedlos, Whrti~.
oGyps y aj groat .promote. of pe
tihe by mo4gening'tho food rcen
1ma mmimsnma.m...... . .4
the roots to take up with their thousand
mouths.
Sloshing About.
The Judges often - tell stories on the
members of the bar, :albeit they are
much oftner the subjects of stories
themselves. We lately heard one of
the former- illustrating the propriety
of "letting well enough alone," by the
following anecdote: - --
An affray case was on trial in 'the
Circuit Court of Pike' county, ih, which
some six'.or eight peace breakers were
represented by almost as-naiy-law
yer$, each of whom, in turn, put the
only:-witness for the State -through the
torttires ofa tedioqs c14ss d ainiiation,
Nat-, a, wel l- known Montgomaery
practitioner, was counsel for a' big
black looking fellow in the crowd, who
answered to the name of Saltonstall.
As to this defendant, the only proot
.which was elicited on the examination
in the chief of the witness for the pros
ecution, was that-to use the peculiar
phraseology, of the narrator-"white
the rest on 'em a cussinennd cPnchid'
and pairing off for a reglar r'yal, Sal
ton;:a 'jest kept'sloshan about . The
Solicitor and Nat both constuoted this
to mean that Saltonstall was only
novitng about,-drunk among the comi
batants; and the:former did. not press
for an explanation. Presently,-' how.
ever, it came to Nat's turn to cross ex
amine for his client.; and as he had
received quite a handsome fee, on
sidering how things stood, he felt
bound to make something'ofa 'demon.
stration.' -So quoth he, with the air of
the avenger of injured innocence.:
" Come, witness, say over again in
what it w that Mr. Saltonatall had-to
do with this afliir ?"
"Saltoistahl Why -'lve told you
several time; the rest on-'emelhiched
aind- pairide off, but Srtdnstall, feat
Nat, quite testify, 'we want to- know
what that is. -It isn't -exactly legal
evidence in the shape- fou put it. -Toll
us whatyo meat by elohi' ahcM
"Well,', answered the witness very
deliberately.- 'I'll try. You see, John
Brewer and S) kes they clinched and
font. That's in legal form; ain't it ?
" Oh, yes !" said Nat-"go on !"
"-Abnoyand Blackman then pitch
ed into dn':ianother; and .Blackman bit
ofF a piece of. Albney's lip-that's legle
too, ain't it ?"
" Proceed I"
"Simpson and Bill Stone and Mur
ray, was all together on the ground,
a bitin,'gougin': and kickin' one ano
ther-that's legle, too, IN it ?
" Very !-but go on 1" e
"And -Saltenatafl made' it his busi
ness to walk backwards -and- forwards
through the crowd, with a big stick in
his hand, and knocked down every
loose man in the crowd as fast as he
came to 'em!" That's what I call
'sloshhi' about."
Nat is of opinion, -now, that unless
prima facci case is made out by the
prosecution, on tha direct examipation
of their witnesses, it - s quite a nwell
for the defendant to wave his right to
cross examine. -
HoTinoas or GUANO TRADE.--4e
have received full confirmation of-the
horrors reported to be in cour~se of per
petration, in connectionf with the gan
trade, at the Chincha Islands. it isi
picked up) and wheeled to the shoots,
it appear's, by contract. The contrac
tor has impo;ted Chinamen for thh
work,,.nearly six hundred of whom are
now on. these islands. They- are hijred
for five years, at the-ate..oft 45per
annum. They commence work in the
morning as soon- as' they can see tc
work. They have five tons of guant
to dig and wheel to a distance of' one
eighth of a mile. It. is ' all, or nearly
aill, SO Jiard that it has *to be pleked
up; and.iftthey do not accomplish these
five tons by 5 o'clock p. mn., they arn
flogged with raw hide whips, some fivn
feet long, reciving one dozen at -ipos
each of which starts ths:blood:; ther
they are draiven-. back. to fhlsh theil
work. The -guano, has a very bad of
feet upott~themn, swellinigiheir legs anc
feet. Notwithstanding all- theseg ho*v
ever, if they .oaaa get.. along,' they ari
compelled to~ finish their task.~ Ou
informant says ~
'I lhaveknown as many a thirt~
flogged' in one 'dayi Theyt:have n<
Sunday allowed 'with tiielgjion,.c
one in a1 yar, the same qr'k gAii
oli orn sunday a -during the rest of'th
week, . hne consequenq f this iI
treateent is suicde ln-~o fren
such -as leapipig 'froi te rook. i%
hu~ndred feet hIgh, outt restlje
and burr theniselvesie.hl a
has 4t~ ly bde~ -h
knodl e Oneju
iad bh ds ~
two e oe d 4
Mat recove ; e
SPANISH DEOGADATION.
have not travelled ipain o .:I
little acquinted with the :nanners
customs of .the'countey,.hae a,,
that all Spaniardkard graverd
like the Castilran;: Thisn w "e
far from ieing thece'a e
of each province are alth t. , i1
as different nations, hai ngaiii
and customs, dramsii dirlgctj pt
liar to themselves.; 'Thhi peculmrit.
doubtless Ow Mr to thei'IObltion eoft
chain of niotmtains hidl interne thr
peniula, and cutodif intere.'mmun.in
:tion,. as well- as the-'fact . that fer e4
these" provincdis ,formed separate lnd
distinct kingdoms. ' The-rude, booril
Gallrian ; the industrious Catalan ;,t i
-idle, jovial Ardalusian ; the sly, vind.
tive Valencian.; and the grave, digni
fled sons of Castillo, di fr from eanli
other as much as the4E itants of di.
tinct nations. - In -raf g over this
beautiful country, upon which niita:
hay lavished the choicest fifors, am'i
which under the rule o n
Moors, was s land flo' ng ,lt
and honey,'the tourist is trkI
scenes of desolation:that every'whie :x -
meet the view. " i roams cveIii I
unpeopled wastes, treeilq sand attdl,
where the melancholy pie re s; fren'
heightened by ruined castles a# v5ila.
ges, the signs of fcirinerprosgerity<
passed "way. Thea tqwns through
which he .pas.es,1 -gdo t 11
abode of poverty and w
and an air of gloom and sadnles per va -
des their silent 'streets. The 'eapurs
have lost their formere'orniercial i
portanee, and tiia.:>ilen -quays, oh
t ronged by a btsa clgid, attit'.
the decayed condltiu Gf le, larid.-! :
And whereforeit may b
poverty, desolation. and tohedi w.
so visible i egcoudtrj ' u K ,
advantage unsurpassd by a. 0 ht i
tendom ; where * fOrLje s . ; w
where the bowels, f
preckius mpetals Cotal a id quarri
deumerable :variety u >. r3ubl:
ine, with a positidal imast ,iayir:n: -
comnerge,-and a line ofeacoe .
ding in fineh rburn . Yes, Wher;
is this beautiful and -one fit n+,; id8
land so "fallen Aer. pepile si Mi
ignorancq, and so far behiund o y. #
er.civilized nation in arts and acgiLe1ul
ture'l'The answer-may lie ond
:these words,-bad governtnent4
ets in Spuin.
AN EXAMPLE FOR Y "
The Messrs. - Harpers,' o
who recently lost about 4 0
fire, but-who are still in tindepe
c rcumstanees-able to reom -
operations on an extensive scale
nenced life *ouor buys, . The
York Times furtlisl tali
,brief history of the ca hi
.pers-:.t. N
"The pstablishuhent af Yth
was founded by Jame"
uldest of the- four who = no
the firm. He came to theo t,
a lad fifteen years old, and'sen
apprenticeship..of sie ve wpda cm'i
4 Thonitts, the-leadin pdinwrastf6ht h
day. His brother Jahrro iTfo'1
him, and learned the trade: 0fMr u:J)!Iii
Seymour, a printer jn Johli te ta i t.
1819, with a capital Jamch badsave.} ';
the brothers opened a sniaj tka~idu
job oflice- in' Dover strest&Th' fis '
book they printed was- Soe ' ~r
als;.the second was -au- edi iifd
Methodist'Ctechismn
they publishid en tileir ow
wias Locke's 36say. ontb * A
Understanding. Tey toiiVr~'
remitting industryahd h tietdl
highest .characiter.foir a' 6s
in. 'ity. ' lr820Mthell hdbrotier
Joseph .Wesley, joinsd thi ad si
years later Fletoher~boea nmer '~
the .have' arried on they ublluishW .2
wiadegreet of well 'aiLd n
which has' few 'parallelp."~
muevedto'Cliff-,street about-182
have iaddt d one,. bnild16g:'afte anotthe
to their establishniieras~t ~ d anmif
of their. bushiess reijdired .EI a h~u:
of beoks they hAve :asu-d. l g~od
inealculable. 'For the a.
they, have enulished, 7 p U4
twenty-fve'volunos a'i~i~
hputs tiday-and frioa'
thousand persolis hev~
lahood tiomi thleir eo .~ ~ ~
The d6
Ithe emt. lt j~t
. rea s Iaauem~mu4Wiar.ue.maeem=rnr~mmm'tW-a