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4"04 .0., t -e NVM.. *..*.* ).,Lcs rpreo.(itOb-a t u lsti a w. Sn.TjRI.E So Co MAY4...5 - - - ---- --- -- - - - - - - - n DEVOTED TO SOUTHERN RIGHTS, DEMOCRACY, NEWS, LITERATURE, SCIENCE~ AND TIE ARTS. Wi . -oFRANCIS, Proprietor. i 01(*R9.S-..,..Tbo Adovis ce& n__---- _- *- - ---- VOL.VL., . . SUTMTERVILLE, S.C., MAY 4, 1852. ..*..**I* . F0OL ITI ALS SPEECH OF THE HON. JAMES M. MASON, OF VIRGINIA, 4 On, NoAntervention; delivered f 04e.Senate qf the United States ApiL4, 1852. isa natutal policy for a natiol that studies to be neutral, to consul with those nations engaged in th< same studies and pursuits. At th< -a'me time that measures ought t< be pursued with this view, ou treaties with Prussia and Sweden 6iie of. which is expired, and thi 64ier expiring, might be renewed." This recommendation was speedil; rollowed up 'by the nomination o his.son, John Quincy Adams, aftei wards President of the United States as minister to Prussia, having first bi his'message suggested the idea tha it was, important to institute a mi sidon to Piussia, for the purpose u cpnsultation with other nations, cii gagelin. the "same studies and pu suits,", to wit, the study of neutrali tyiandtlie pursuit of peace. Wiw the nomination came in, it wa strongly and sternly resisted by th< Republican party; those were ti days, Republicans, and Federalists A'motibn was made in executive a-s eiM6h.the'injunction of secrecy ha. ben"ratuoVed, and the journals have e1'i .published-that "in the opiniot qf he. Senate, no present occasioi exists tha inister shonhl bi sent to P ." The debate tha followed that the questioi Sdiv ,was, whether, by in stituAng a m oon to Prussia, unde: the auspices of the message, thier allie vlh ' even f 11 pur-pose V etr he yea and nays were -e up tha inotion, and stood-yeas 11, nay 18; and amongst the yeas- ani call the attention of my friend, ti distinguished Senator from Miciigmi [Mr. Cass].to the fact---were all th Republican members of the body. I come now to the next epoch, th< neit starting point in the history u the country, which affected our for eign relations. It was the Spanisl American question. Where wer we then? Upon our own continent The colonies of Spain were in revul arrainit the mother country; and th relations of your government witl the.mother country were those c peace. Notwithstanding every el fort was made to induce the countr toichange those relations, that peaC, was preserved, and never departe from. It was for a long time ; matter of doubt .whether the prc vinces of South America would h, ibl1 to 'establish their indepeidenev but this government refrained from interfering in the slightest degree and in any form whatever, until w, were satisfied that the dominion u Spain was gone forever; then, a we had not only a right, but as i was our duty to do, in the yea 1822 we recognized the indeper dq ne fdhe colauies. To show th gof4!e country at that day, nave taken an e'xtract from letter of the Secretary of State---Mr Adams--to the mlinister of Spu0it who complained of what had ju5 .then taken place, namely; the n cognization on the part of our g ernent of the independence of cec tain of the South American coloniem The Secretary says, under date the 6th of April, 1822: "In thme conflicts which har' a'tended these revolutions, the Un ted States have carefully abstainue /'from etaking- .any part, respeoctin the right of the nations concerne in them, to maintain, or nuew o1 ganize, their own .political consttm tions, by observing, wherever it \vr a contest by airmai, the most imnpai-tiu neurriity, I~ut the civil wvari which Spaii wvas for years involve with the inhubitants of. her colonie in ;America, has, in substanc< ceased to exist. "This recognition is neither ii te'nded to invalidate any right< \ Spaitmnor to affect the employmier Iof any meoaniswhlich she may yet h disposed or enabled to use, with tlh Sview of reuitin g those pirovinicest the rest of lher dominions. It is th mere; neknmowledgmnent of existin facts, with the view to the regula establishment wvith the nations nuewl f.>~rtad, of thmose i'olations, politici a mnd commercialf which it is' the moi tian nations to entertain rocriprocally with'one another." The Secretary of State there shows that the United States felt it their, duty to abstain from all inter forence whatever between the parent country andl her colonies, although those colonies were at our ver door; and, lie very strongly an(i lucidly-shows, that the recognition of t the iiidependenco of these colonies was tio 'inteifereen.'for if Spain could bgaidrreduie thetn she wuUld be' alowed to do" so ivithout any hindrance on our part. England had not at that time, recognized the independence of the South American republic.; but sie stood towarid r themti, nonwithstanding. in relations r of very close connection. A very large commeice, it appears, had grown up between England and South America. The people of England had embarked large sums of money in the mining interests of r that country, so that the attention of England was strongly attracted to that quarter and it becaine important to her, to have a responsible gov ernment to deal with; but England had alliances upon the continent wiihi disturbed anid embarrassed her not a little, in deliberations onl the South American q uestion; and it was while -I1glanmld Ias halting. thus between her allies and her interests, th:it the government of the United States proclaimed to thle wol Id, that there should be no intervention by any Fureign power, in the eontest be tween Spain and lier colonies on this continent. refer, sir, of- course, to the. Celebrated message of Presidient MPonroe, at tie December session '~It Ig been imavle 'Ww .to the 11vert.Mient mI a m-vinmer ..sl be stated, that tle allied powers urope had it in serious contem 3 lation tu comlie to tle aid of' Spainl in reducing to submission her revodted colo;ies in America; and the Presi dent seized the occasim to make it known that no such interference would be tolerated on tls'cotitnizent. I quote fron the message: ReL'tract fromt P'raident Mronro/' ilaae December 2d, 18:23.. "We owe it, therefore, to candior, and to the amicabe relations existi! t between the United States n:1d ihose powers, to declare that %%e shol Coisidler any attempt on their part to extenil their systcimi I.: any pir tion of this hemisphere as d:m Igerous to our peace aIn safety. With the existing colonies or eipendecies of any E ropean power we have not interTer Cd, aid shall 1no t iiter'ere. Bit with the grovernmimenits who have de clared their indepeidence, and main tainiel it, and whose independioniee we have, on great consideration and on jist princiles, Iackion ledged, we could not view any ini telposition fi: the plurpse of 'ppres~-ing them, or s cotrlin n n otleherlihtthan as r disposition towards tie United States. "Jai the war between those new Sgoverinnets antd Spaini, we declared our neutrality at the time of their re cogiitin, adtthis we hiave adI htered, anid shall contlinue to adhle re, prov1idedl noi ebange shall oeenrt w hich in the judgment. of the comphetent authorities of' this gover'linment, shall make a corresponding cha~nge on the Tat1 of the United States indispensa ble to thiirii security. 'f'Our policy in regaird to Eur tope, which was adopted at an early statgo e of the wars which hiave so long agita i. ted that qutarter of the globe, never-~ d theles's remains the same, which is, not to iterftere in the internal con d corns or any of its powers. '-'But in regard to these continients, I- cirenistances arc eminenut ly and con-* s spicuously different. It is impsitI d blo that the allied pow~ers should ex atend their political sy'dtemt to) any1 I porioni of cither cotitinenit, without a endangering ou' peacee atid hiappi. , ness, nor' call any one believe that our1 Souther'n brethrten, it' left them-' -* selves, would adopt, it of' their own 'f accord. t "'It is equally impitossible, there o fore, that we shoul beho ld such in e terposition in any fr'm with inidiff'ei. o ence." e Thei gr'ound upon which Pr-esidet g Monroe basedl this deliber'ate declara r tion was, as will be seent, that the al y liedh poweros could not extend their l hpolitical system to any portion of the -conitincent of' America without endan .o nont' ,eac~ an.d h~apneum . That was the. distinct, independent, and solo ground on which le justified this ostensible departure from the established policy of the country. It was boldly and wisely done, and was sustained by the' American people. This declaration went upon the prin ciple, that whilst this government dis claimed all right to intervene in con troversies betweeti foreign powers, yet such disclaimer was obviously limited to controversies which could not affect our own people; when by any such controversy a dilierent as peet was presented-the salfety and interest of our country became our sole guide. t becomes interesting, and will be illustrative, to ascertain how this cel ebrated declaratien was brought about. The Senator from Louisiana has brought, to the attention of the Senate a coierence which hail taken place a short time previously in Lon don, between Mr. Rush, our then minister at the Court of St. James, and the British secretary for foreign afdlirs. The view taken by the lion orable Senator was, that Mr. Rush had been charged by his government to r.egociate with England on the sub. ject of, the recognition of South Aierican Independence. Speaking of' Mr. Rush's ii'terviews With Mr. Cauning, &u., the Senator "Among the important negocia tions intrusted to his skill and nni agemnent, was that of obtaining fro, Eigland a recognition of' indepm eiice for the Spanish cIolnies. lie approached the subject with inexpres sile adroit-ness and (elicaCy, and Soon brought the British niiister to hii views bv siuggesting a declaration the pudph-s oIpen, whih that in dc eendenice shoud141 be viw t iented." It I construe the Senator aright, and he meant to say that our minis. ter had been char;ed by his govern mient to soind the British cabinet on the policy of' "'a joint declaration of tie principles upon which that inde. pei'dence should be vindieated,." I colcede, iif it were so. that it would have foried a striking departure froin our previuns policy of refrainifig Irum :l p I.->litical eonnecetion with any ircign power. Tne Senatotr refers for this, to the very iiterestilig book subsequent ly pubished, by the mnin istcr, on his "esidece in London. I have careflly exaninied tle work, and do not find that tie minister had been instructed by the gover-nient to iegceiate at all, or for any iur Pose, up:1on tle subljec t of South Aineric.an Indepenideuce. Mr. Rush was the minist.r of the United States, residet in England, where ihe haid been for soue yeasi, anid, inl this coniuection, says, that he had r (eeitly, before that tine, re, ceived dispatcheis Fromt home, coin unittinlig to himii live several sublJ ICts up on vIlich lie was to 011('p tegrocia tions wil the governlenit of Enug -lnd; IId lie receiVed, with l thost dispatches, specific alll inii unute inl structionus upon CVevr point. II state's what those sul jets were. Thea lir-st i'elated to cuii!nercial initer course between the Un ited Sta tes and thec Bitish colonies in Amiieiica: the second , to thle suppre'-cssioni of' thic slave tr'ade; the third, to the unset tIed boundairy betweeni the twI coun1 t ries ; the four th to the ad mis sioii of consuls of' the Uiited Sta tes into die comimer-cial pouts oh' En glaumt and the fifth, to the tishe'i ie's of New aolnd every (one beiing utterl ale oanythinig conniec ted with thei i'eciginitioni of' Sou th Amencrican inzde pendencee. Nor do I Iintd any wheire liat lie had btteen conuisione~i(d hs his goveinunt to hold any coinfer ence whiatevei', with the gov'ernmien1 of' G reat IBritaini on that subject. Hie says, fuithuer, that thus eonunis si'ned , lie sought ani interview will the Briitish iniinisterz, Mr-. Canninzg for thle purpose of consulting liut u rpon the subijects of' negoeiatioii thius comn mitted~ to him i: and, at p age 83) of' his book, speaking of' this inter' view, lie savs: " The pr'oper oly'ee (if it over, a tranusientfly asked him whuethier, niot withstanding thle la te news fi'n Spaini, we might nort still hope tha the Spaniards would get the bet tei of thieir' dillicuilties ?" Such was the qulestioni lie put t< the British mniister, in an intei-view which had been obtained for a totalb different object, which lhe (lid not pu until the business of' the meeting lan ended; and it was then, as Mr. Rusl ' qirmss it n t'rtninc imiry. - That transient inquiry found the British minister fully charged with the whole subject. of the Spanish question, and it camdipon him like a torch thrown into a inagazine. It opened his eyes in an instant, as it would seem, to tihe prospect of obtain ing an ally upon this continent, upon the very eiribarrassing guestioa which was about to separate: his country from her allies upon the European continent. Mr. Canning answered the question so far as it went, as to the probable effect of the lato news from Spain; but showing an interest inl it, he pursued the subject in a se ries of unofficial or privato notes, for several subsequent days, with a view to leafn from Mr. Rush whether the government of the United States would join England in' a concerted dcclaration. So that time Proposition for the joint action of the t o govern ments came from the British minister to Mr. Rush, and not from Mr. Rush to the British minister. That interview took place August 16th, 1823. Tho United States had re cognized the independence of the South American republics in the preceding year. Thus, the relations between this country and the South American republics were established; those between Engmand and those re piblics were not. Nor does it ap pear that Mr. Runsh Wds authorized to negociate with/the British governi ment to aiy extena.? as to tihe princi ples on whib. that reepgnition, by ..: god,%ernmo t, or y both gov. errinments, if made'by England, should be vindicated. Becauzs of her 'eIn tangling alliInces' on ti . continent of Europe, the policyo f agland in reference to th I Aerican c'.. mies had no. vet i,t-t, tnatVu-e. The Bri:ish calbo *t . that the time was appioaching Nm-n Inglaid must stand coninitted ib )teferenee to those colonies; and thav s:aw, that tihe very first decid.. sp England took in recognizing the independence of the colonies, would be followed by a declaratiop of war against her on the part of the allie-d powers of Eu MT. The government or Spain was then in af most uinsettlel co:itiion. Spain had passed successively inl ruvlut ion, thriiough every form of [fovernment; from a prerineial junta to a centiral jinta, then to a regen cy, then a cortes with a constitutio in al moinarcb, from which the king, hel in a state of plpilage by thu cortes, was appeaiting to his allies 1or aid. England was one of those .alli es. and Eniglunfd w as placed inl a po sition in .u hich she ipust either abana don the whole policy of her People ill reference to the Spanish qilestion, or provohe :a war Wi withi hler con tin -.ntal allies. The fear was- and there was in- reast . fr- the fea-that the allie-d powers --f Europe would go to the 4i1 of Spaim. The goveri iient oif 1, Fran ce, ole of tile allied powers, had Imlarcheed anm arum1y of one hunitidred thousanduh mnen into S'aiin to rescue Ferdiniid, who was o mof the ' iHorbon. Mlit ary oeccupation ' s thius tatkeni of Spain byi Fr.mnee. The hck powers" of Lurope w~ere at th akof Fra nc, sustaining her in that m ovementi,; and Engtland saw thait a cr-it ical mnoimenit -had conile, ini whlich she inust definitively anunounce her posit ion on these etmarrassinag quei(stions5. It wans at that veryv june. turei- thamt the question was ptuht to Mir. Rush bv the Brit ish min ister, whlet h r. Einglandt wuhl I find ain all y in Amneric.a, if she took the decided st Ip of recoginizinig the inmiepetndeiice oft thme Soth I A umerican colonoieis. with a degree of ability w hich fully jsliste deser-vedl encom~iinms whieb i~ hve beeni passedl upon0 him by) thme Senaotor from Louisiuaa, was placedI ini the. d elicate anid resp onsil e posi tioni of aictin g oii so inomen touts ant occasioni, without autiriy from his govern ient. 'The Ainmeiamnisteir, howev~eir, avileihd hiimiself I'of the occasion to rstep on thme parit of Engiand, to r egmize the intdepenidene of' those coloinies. Not be'cause Ito had aniy iiistruct ions f rm his gorn~eiint to do so, but because Mr'. Canning had openedi thme door- to it, andi because Ihe knew liow linoportanit it was to thoso coiloies, aind lhow' grateful it wotuld be to his own counitry, that her example in this i-espeict should be I hilowed by so impor-tanmt a power: as the British governmeiit. Tint. loe exliitly dcclnrcl t1at lie bad io power from his government to express its viejws, far less to coin mit it to the proposal of Mr. Canning, that the two governments should unite in a joint protest against all Fcreign intervention. This conference. was continued by coirespondence for several days, un til eventually, Mr. Rush, in the ab sence of all instructions, boldly as Pumed the responsibility of assenting to Mr. Canning's proposal for tt de claration of the two governments, provided, Great Britain, as a prelim mary, would recognize the indopend ence of those- colonies. In his letter to the Secretary of State, comnunicating the determina tion thus formed, lie said that lie had been led to it, oti being distinct ly infornied by Mr. Canning that ie had received notice of menas ures being in projection by the pow ers of Europe, relative to the affairs of Spanish America, as sooti d the French succeeded in their riilitary movement against Spain.' But he told the Secretary further, that 'Should the issue of things be different, and events no:twithetandinig arise, threatening the peace of'tlhe United States, or otherwise seriously to affect their interest in any way, in conseqience.e of such a declaration by ine, it would still remain for the wisdom of my government to disavow my couduct, as it would ianifes(ly have without its previous wirrant.' Eventually Mr. Canning withdrew his proposition, on the ground of Mr. Rush's want of power to commit his government. Of course, the whole matter was immediately conimunica d byMr. Rush to hij gverinment. Ofdl s.M anitig Itaitdn his proposition, i't it awe unnecessa ry for the government of the United States to disavow what lie had done. But the fact remains that no such power was th'ereafter given. And as the best eviden;e that our govern menit determined to keep itsolf free from all coneetion with Englarid in the matter, the President, availed himself of the meeting of Congress, then near at hand, to make that do claration separately, on the part of the United States, which Mr. Can ning had proposed should be wade joinitl with England. NOTE..-t may not be uninterest ing to hear the English account of this conference between Mr. Rush and Mr. Canning ; it* conforms en tirely to that given by Mr. L, and will be fmid inl 'The Political Life of Camning,' by Stapleton. [ExTRAcT.] '1t was with this view that to. wards the latter end of -Angust, 1823, Mr. Canning sounded Mr. Rush, the then Minieter of the United States in tis country, as to whether, in his opinen, the moment wefe not arrived when when the two governiments of Great Britain and tie Unitedh States iight not come to siomne understandI inlg with each other, <mi the subject of the Spnanish Amenri cani colonies; anid whether, if they could arrnive at such understanding, it would nmot be expedient for them selves, anud berelieial for the world, that the principles of it should be clezarl y settled andi avowed.' 'The .English government said Mr Canninmg had nothing to disguise en the subj-eet. 1. 'It conceived thc recovery by of the coloies~ by Spain to be hope. less. 2. 'It conceived the questioni of the recognition of them to be one of timio andl circumstances. 3. 'It was, however, by to means disposed to throw any imipediment in the way of any arrangvuemt between them and thie miother country byv amiicable neg'otiations. -:1. 'It aimmed not at the possession of anty portioni of them for Great 5. 'And it could not see any part of them -transferred to any other power with indiference. 'These were its opiniens and feel ings; and if' they were shared by the Governimnt of the Untited State, why,' asked Mr. Carnning, 'should they not, be nutually conhided to each other, and declared in tihe face of the wvor-ld? * Was Mr. Rush authiorised to en ter into any negotiation, and to sign any coniventiofi upon the subject? or would lie exchange ministerial notes upon it? "A proceeding of such a nature, nntimued M r. Cniing, 'wonul be at once the most efnectual Ind'the east offensivo mode of initating the joint disapprobation of Great Britain and the United States of any. pipject which iight be cherished byfEuro. petan power, of a forcible enterprise for reducing the colonies to -subjuga tion on tle behalf4 or in the name, of Spain, or the acquisition of any part of thein to itself by cession or by conquest.' "This was the substance of the confidential communication made by Mr. Canning to Mr. Rush. "As that gentleman's answer is written in the samne spirit of conif dence, it will not be right (anl. for tunately it is not materiil) to. State the nature of that anser, further than to say that in eiry -espcct .it was highly croditabf to its distin guished aUthor, who, unfortunately, was not furnished by his government with instructions which would justify him inl committing it to an expresstoi of its sentiment, which was to be formerly recorded in writing. "-Had Mr. Rush felt hitriself authorized t6 have entertained any fiorial 'proposition, and to have decided upol it without refere3nce to his gov ernnent, and emineritly. benoficial practical result might have hden pro duced by the correspondence; but aui he had no specific powers,' -Mr. Canning ftound that, .'in:. tho delay which must intervene beMrb fie6 could procura them,' tse p rogress of, events migit have rendered any - uch. pro eceding nugatory; and the _being en gaged in a communication .with the United States, in which a considerable time must have been constuned before it would have been possible to have arrived at a conclusive understanding with them, would have emharrassed' any uther midl of prbelaiming our rendered i. expedient to adopt. 1Mr. Canning, therefore, allowed the matter to dr6p; but what was done in it was far fron proving wvholly useless, as will be seen hereafter." I think, then, if this were to prove anything whatever, it would prove, in the first llace, that the proposition came from the British goveriinieut to this government to unite with her in this important act in reference to the Sonth American republics; and, in the next plaee, that this government declined to do it. Nonue doubt. at this day, that the allied powers of' Europe had it in serious conteiplation to lend their aid to Spain to enable her to reduce to submission her revolted colo-nies in America. Great Britain kued& it. Our government kinew it. It was n eriuunicated to our go)Vermuiiieit, as well by Mr. tiunlh as by our charge at Paris. (reat lirilain, as I have said, ful, that u henever that was done, she n-iust take a step which would implicate her in war, aiid bredk oil' her 0 1tinnental alliance. AIr. Caiuning, tle secretary of, lo-eignl allirs, and onie of the ablet statesmnen ot' his day, looked at once to the avenue which 1he thought had been opened by Mr; Rush, to obtain a new alley oi this continent; but his proosI)OSition was not lot. The A merican gvernment took, the lead, withouit any comnnication with Enland, or with any foreign power whtaisover. Thel President, of' the lunted States, ini recommirendin~g to Coingress suich mecasures as he thought lhe conittion of' t he countr1 y . requirted, made thle declaration to which 1 have ref'erred , and based it alto gethler' upon hi~s opinion that the peace and safety of our' people', reqiried it. It. was not heeau?,e we sympiutaized with those colontes in: their rev'olt; not because any speculative pihihamtharopy required of us to go to their aid; but it, was hiecause this foreign intervention would endange i/r the safty of our p)eoplIe, that he putt forth that clebrauted declaration. To prove that surhi aipprehensioni was not without fbundaition:, I have takent an: extract from the (dilatie r'ecords of that day, showing that after King Ferdinanid was restorn.d to his throne, by the amned intervention of' Frac, lhe solicited his allies to comBo. to: the aid of Spain, in suppressing the revolt of the South Amnericanu colonies. It, is taken from au despatch ad dressed by the C'oide do O'Faulia, as primue muinister of' the King,- to his Alajesty's miinister at Paris, St. P'etersburghi, and Vienna, dated the 26ith Dccemiber, 182~3, and -coim imunicated by the Conde, to Sir Wil liami a Court, the lBritish emabassador at, Madrid: "T1he ing, our rovereign, being re stored to the throne of' his aneestors, in the enjoymenlt of his huereditatry righits, hams seriously turned his thuouglts to the fate of' his Amnerican dominions, distracted by civil wvar, and brought t~o the brink of the most dantugrous Pfeci pice. Theso reflections powerfully an imnate his majesty to hope thittthe justice of' his ( a ISc will meet with a riim mm4m~pr; ii. t. iinnm..~. a o h King hits' resolved' updri in cabinets of his d;-ar aid t I d to establish a coifferepe :l,-4t. M the end that their plenIOt'v assembled there, 'Albngwri, 1C his Catholie Majety,.iay.j in adjustii. the fitis of. the1 1V coitries of ZAnerui "HIifs Maljeat, e~i ipin seitiients of l J;is 016 they Will issist iid aenr thd Northj objt; oT' jioldf priieiples of oi-de'r an egitiita subversion of which, fnce..coin cn in Ainoria, .would pr es , mulilicei.to' urope; and ' w" will aid him, at the same tI.,-AW establishing peace betve n t vision Of thp globe ind'itc e Wtiel this p per en knowledge. of Mr. nhlig' n swered forthivith, on th e. r a "'overiretit, that the firS, st IN, the allika' jbo&rs this int6s would be followed,' on, the IEidktud, by the inmediit6 isognr 6 of t 0 independcne.u6f the so-ti A7 nerican.co leiiies; We hav6 the, Yel authority of Mr. lir4 Niayn tieb V mniber of 'the- Brtish fiotUs f Cornils tilrt the difei. Monroe, inad thuis hik thi , haul the eficet of dtorrig, t powers of Euirope fro ihe thfttelI intervention. I read, from .i a liamentary Debates, an 'xtrac '666L, the speech of Mr. Brough'am, i d House of CtMnhbois, in 18: - "The question with re6a" g America,' said Mr Bru noir,. he. believed, jiearly s6; for li cev a Ir happened, thay hill ever dispersed grafter f e and gratitude over all. the reemen Europe; that event w.ieh 'a del on the'su bect, ws thie 1 d4' :dth!iii r 6o-meas.' rW dw.h ioilni thent Mr; buli-m teiiroceeded d state, is an indisputable factha "Ferdinand had.djeen p'obd . the Enpcrr Alekxaide'rAtat ib, King of Spaini woild t*6r6 vof0 thd constitutional fellers b 'hkel .k' wts trammelled, he w6'id assist hinF in re.overing his trinsatintio doininW ibns." It is thus seen that tils ithreatene& inter cep lion by President Mo'nr6ei was plecd k'rstinctly on: the gtound that it was neewsary, and due to the inter qt and sWfety of our own peoplei T declaration hajd its effctc ed'oei6 co'gniied by the statesmenof nglda, and best proved .by the-- fact .thi' although Spain demanded then Asih ante of her allies, she neve? receind it will be seen, M: Prcsidnp thatw tll( terim used by. President. Monroe, inl this potential protest, is the' same that is tound in* thie resoldion .of twb' honorable Senator from New -York that the United States canoist see &4 "with indifflrdWee." But -o'w6 .*Wa it construed'in the Bririsfr1%rliainehtf W hy, it w'ai danstirued a's - t detek niination, that if the deIeldratioi -shoIldi be disregarded, the ' United Statep would sustain it by force. The dela ration lihd- its efibet, ind Warded4 ofi the threatened' inteoveitidh. BUt' tile honorabletmto6 flotti Michiganfor . whose opiiis upo all subjects, and- mfor' especial upon those comiiedted with' the foreig# relations of the country, I. haye '* the# mosmt profud respect, has 'eltied'A number of. instain ies from the: taderis hiistory' of Eu~irope, tending~to show that these protests are nutr unidsualittngw -tatt they have beeinmate over and' over again- lby one European power ti' another, and lihve been habitually disa regarded; anidayet tihat no' Warbl lowed.' It wvould- .appear, theh~ tbes th30 best ireasetw which-can be'assiied, forI the proposed eiprsin-ofpae6oad in regardl to thiti 1Iungariati' iiter ttirence(, is, that it will- not be regIarded' and, t herefore, no'sri4ta coseieb cain ensue. Now, I appeti to. eh American 'people-and -I make."the appeal With ebuifidenef I' Mhvo n 'fear of thur an~swrth'nt wh~ieeen their govermnent takes aposition, arf'.td ex presses a purpog,:ln ? ti relatiopa~ with f'oreign powersO,' that; gnhev 'WHO* l'ook to the gov'ernmnt 'tama~kade good. I- appeal furth~rg d.e Anier,. cani people', that tifey wif etnh no declaratin of intention on hl't of their goegnndvdh hf not initend to imaintain.. Why, shbtA was the declar'a1iot oni cie par -of~)* Monroe :enioe by Mexicoi''~ you will look. tgt ther correspondo het wen-theWmiuster ,ofthqUftil St ates in thlitrfM of 'xcnn declaration wnv maded, 4fjor~.v~U fmnd that the ' r~steref'the itn i t States said -to'M lec6,(n reter~~~ Mr.-Monro'~glelaratoN th~ts ln'sted States lpadp pgdgx1heu noti to perirkit aI~y otht I/ terfere,.either with thi'~~p dt nfl termt oferlnmn tznd again, nt