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FiaDERICK RUsI, is a travelling Agent for this paper, anti is authorized to ramcive subscriptions and receipt for tne rinme. Substance et tihe Remars-ks of t HON. WILLIAM F. COLCOCK, r Delivcred before the Convention ,'f e Southern Riyhts Associations, as- ti Sembled in the DMilitayi 1a4, j, Charleston, -AS. C., May 7, 1861. Mr. President and Gentlemen of b the Convention: If a stranger should i< enter this hall, and see this unusually is large assemblage of citizens from all k parts of the State, composed as it is, : ia a great degree, of her wealth, in- c telligence and influence, lie would at s once come to the conclusion that some si subject far beyond the circle of ordi nary topicswhad brought them togeth- o er. A short time since a member of 3 one of your local associations rises in p his PiAcq and ofei-a a resolution pro- r a Mal convention of e n, consultation and co-operation. In answer to this call, thus unob- a -atrutively made, and without concert s< of excitement of any kindl, I find you is leaving your homes at this busy sea 'son of the year, and at much ex- a pense'and inconvenience assembled here to-day to the number of near S five hundred dclegates. tI This must afford to every one the a most convincing proof of the earnest- fi, mess and sincerity of your purposes, i -and of the deep and absorbing inter- e *est of the subject which brings you t together. Si I am aware that some of our ft icnds t< whose judgment I highly respect-, are a %of opimon that the action of this boly if should be confined strictly and solely ft .to'the objects and purposes prescrib- i .e'dinithe constitutions of our associa. S 'tions, and that we should carefully b abstain from the expression of anv tI opinions which -might have a tenden- li cy to forestall the action of the con- a stitutional convention which has been r recently elected, and into whose hands r the safety of the State has been com.- P ,znitted. Whilst I am free to confess o, tbat those views may have been urg- o ed in the first instance with mueli Ii -propriety against the call of this CJon. h~ vention, still I must be pcri-ntted to b say that it is expectingr too much of a popular assembly like this, under I the circumstances which now sur. u, round us, to tread this nar-row path rwithout touching those great qines- n ~tions which lie on either side of it, \i and which now fill the hear-ts and a ~minds of our whole people. For one, therefore, I do not regret ai rthatt-the questions which are present- ' ved by the report and resolutions now \~ "Iofore us, have bcen presented for d --our consideration.d I regard this as a family council, t' -as a meeting of friends bound togeth- ii -er by the indissoluble ties of a comn- n m~on destiny, and we should conduct r our deliberations herec, and our cisi- L cussions hereafter, with that fairness, a -candor, and good temper, wvhich arec -due alike to our own characters, and r to the interest of our State, for whose a 'welfare I know we all feel an equal I. m~d ardent devotion. r -In entering on the discussion of f ithe questions before us, the fir-st thing ithat strikes the min~d is the almost en- s -tire urtantimnity of opinion wvhich per- e -vades this body, and indleed thoe -whole State, upon the subject of ai dissolution of our present formm ofr .government. I feel myself justified I in saying that it is the universal, (I. liberato, and well considered judg- 1 snient of the people ef-South Carolina,< that the envcrnmerA t nie which wa , are living, as now administered, is destructive of their rights, property and safety; and that having no hope )f reform, they are under the solemn >bligations of duty to themselves and thoir children, *to. seek for security ind protection under some other form >f govlernmcnt. Am I -wrong in this issertion, or do I state the proposi .ion in terms that are too strong ? If I am ih error, then it would he die for me to say another word, is this is the postulate of all-the ar ;ument I expect to olpk and if it be tot true I admit in advince thaf my :onclusions will be false. If the usurpatiois of this govern. nent; if its entire departure from its >riginal purpose and design; if its tostility to our institutions; if its utn ust and unequal administration; in hort, if its utter unworthiness of our onfidence and support, are still open Luestions or questions for re-consider- 1 ion, then I have nothing to say which worth a moment's attention. If-the people of South Carolina ave not imade up their minds on bose jimaStions, or if they desire to everse their judgment, then let them E xercise the privilege which unques onably belongs to them as freemen idge now, or reverse theirjiudgiient t It may be unpilasant, nay it may even humiliating. to retra!ct opin. f 1ns long and publicly avowed; hit t better, far better, to do so, than nowingly to persist in error, and to s irry out doubtful opinions into de. sive action. lit I will not pre nue for a inomrentt that any such ate of feeling exists here or else here; that there is any fluctuation of ion anoig our people ott the rent (puestionis connected with the mttinumace f ltis Govetriment. I re at, thett, that having nto hope of forn, we are all tLe avowed . -!!b. rate, t.h-eV .. i .. ent I take rnl fll st*are of respot.. bility-, and so must all your pblie en-yo'ur Settatits. y our Re pte 'nta!tives, your ttembers of thle Le( lature, )oiir ptliie functionari s'. )1 your-selves, thle people, all, aIll ' resp nsible. 'he sentiment is unanuimous that outh Carolina must never subinjt to ic past aggress-uns of the General overnmnent. Now, whatever signi. mationt iav he attached to the terms " subiission " and "1 resistance t sewhire, I presume they are well S Afiled in South Carolina. By "re-2 stance" we do not mean nere pro. st and remonstrance, hut somethiingI -tutal. practical, organized, forcible force be made necessary for d- t nee. Such has alwayvs I Ien tie c ma1l construction pliced by t1i t tate ont the celebratel resoluitions of enttucky an:d Virgin ia. When, tereforv, it is said that ,outh Caro. na must never submit, I nderstand I tlhoser who hIh 11 this lanlua.e tI V eat that the State siall,u ithitI a !asonable tune, adopt some such t ractical, eicient, andt~ decisive moe resistatnce, as will justify the- use all her ti ghts andh resources, to te eve huersel f fr-om the itnjuries which It ave htetetolitre been indlicted upont t Sneh is the seedh we have sown.- f reC we 1preparedl to eat thte fruitt hieh it oilers to outr lipts ? Mr. Prtesidlent, thtis is not thme com-.1j ueneementt of a new contrtovetsy. eate int t he mnidst of Ott ol (11 ntd lonu:-pendting conttest, antd our roundti hastz ailre'ady betn taketn. W tost advancee. We are advatncitng. Ve cattnot cl-se our cyes to thte past VhIat Itas been dlotte cannutot be un- tt one. 'IThe State, under thte gtt anece atnd dIi rectiot of hter c--itu- 1U id1 ath1ori ties, ha~s alrteady taken th titiative, andi entered otn imporutatt ucetsures. A contvention of thte peo. Iceltas been ordered and elected, and irg'e sttpplties htave 1beent dlemanded it ndare itt thte course of' exptendtiture. Althmought I have hteard ob je2ctions ade to thte course of'our' LislaLture ni these subjects, yet it, has ntever een reptudiated by the ple. Tht~m riost dlelicate power, which ecver atlhful rep~resenttativo exerctse-s with spartintg huand--thte taxittg power-~ ras freely exercised and as freelyre ponded to by an eatnest antd intelli ;ent people, whto well understoodl f.>r whuat purptose their money was dhe nanded. It is now, thterefore, too ate, I repetat, to rettrace the past. rNhat has been (lone htas deliberateCly >eenl (done, and deliberately confirnit.1 d. Tho people have determined to att the State upon htor 'Sover.e...ty in convention assembled, and to furn ish her with thc means of maintaining and defending her final judgment. Into the hands of that august tribu nal the honor,. the liberty, and the safety of the State have been com nitted, and by its decision all must be prepared to abido. Such, then, are tho undisguised sentiments and purposes of the peo ple of South Carolina, and such the present attitude of the State before the world. Thus far have we advanced with Edmost perfect unanimity. Thus far have events been allowed to progress without scarcely any organized oppo ition. For the present position of the State, then, we are all responsible. No appeal has been taken, and all are :oncluded by the past. From this uigh position. therefore, and from 1o other, we must now survey the i-holo field before us. and ldecide vhat the future demands of us which hall be in harmony and consistency vith the present aid the past. Shall the next act in the drama ustain the unity of the preceding nes ? In this deeply interesting con june ure of our public aflhirs we find our elves assembled this day, and for the irst tiuio"ur counsels aie divided ivided, too, oin tie gravest issue hiicli can be presented for our con ideration. To me this division is a soirce of rofound regret. At the very thres (ld I find elVysfalled apmi' to dif . from those with whorfi I have been ssociated ill my lile. and whose utgment and opinions I highly res ect. Fore: st anmon these stands your '' Senator (Jud- idutler) 1 y '.r es Mirn -1 Nice. Yes, ble. I catL, it has ceie myl' lot, day after day, to stand P.-I the floor Of tile senate Chamaber uting that lemoraile contest, whose isztory is fnamiliar to you -ll, anid to blserve the coinluet Of that Senator, -len :fter the dcaolh of your great tatesian he had, single-handed al I lone, to contend, in your name, for j I(e cause of "truth. justice, and the 'onstitution." Few, sir, at a dis ince froin the scene can fully under itil and appreciate the cares, the nxieties, the heavy responsibilities , r a situation like this to one of his i rond14 spirit amid lure ilitegrit y. Well 1 id iobly (id lie discharge his hiIgh rust, and richly has he merited your tu tidenei iC all'i a Noeet ion. 11iut :l. Ioughi it is paiiful to d1ifl-r from tne SO nuch hnr and esteei. I must iitate his exalile. ald fellow riNy t wn onitin of duity., I am c'.1. led too byN- the aretlectiii. that biough we diverge at this point we1 ill soon cone gethe agin, an i lat when the Satie dld-ciies betwetl s, we will dially mdte in carr 1in. _ ut heri decision. Our diseussiirns thu is far- have roug~ht us to thel coide~]raiti in of wo leading mecasur-es,bloth proessiwI u have the sann o- end in v iew. N*. 're enite:-ing on thle consbleith-:ton of hes m2Cieasures. alloh w me~ to say that uanders;tando it to lbe the generai uidgmient of ti s assemly that the aegislature, at its next regular ses lull, shoubill apinit a time far the nee-ttiig of the cnitu~iitional ( tnven ionl, whieb un a eleced ini Febiruiry i-t, luder its ditiiUonis. No (oie that amii awarel*( of pro(l-oseS that thet Leg slaiture shoiul d dcline this ollice. .\s lhe t ermn of siervice of thie presen t 1ogislatuare u ill expir' tin the s'con1d 4lil'nday in (.ect' leri, I 5-2, I presume is a imatter of cour se, 1imt the ieet ng of' the (Conveiioni will he fixed at vill be ini 'esitn S tme'tmeii btween'c' lhe Ist of J1anuare'an thedi 1st <>eit-. icr, 1 854, the measuresit' ftr its coni ,ideriatIion i may ble stated thiius: 1'irst Shall S 'uth (Carolina alan 'ljhi sihe has tus far' unde sepill ate v andi jo h- owin recptmsiiiity, vith ut piroalnisi of roiilperationi frim Lily fittileri niieasurdt of tlhat siort, inin nne e to 1i the Iher Southlerni Mtates ho (- deter iini~iaion noi t to s :edec alone, hit to weit utitl a gi ven mm Ober' of such Smtts shall thr oauh heir governmnents pledge th puhie 'aithi,eitheri to secedo in~ the lir'st in itncn. or to o.-ope.a with So.,h Carolina if she will take fhe initia tive? Second. Ifaving failed upto this time to obtailn any leige or co-ope ration from the governeint of any other State, shall South Carkit se cede alone? The first measure, beirn that of my opponents, I have cerehll en deavored to state with accur:wv and precision; justice and fair-dealing de mand this in every controversy. III one like the present I should despise myself were I capablC of doing other . ise, It may be urged that 1 hare put the first branch of the question in too strong toris-"Shall South Caroli na abandon her preparatioils," &c., for it Iay be said, she might contin uo her preparations, even thtugh she dleterminles to wait for co-operation. To this I reply tLat it is va:i-utter o vain---to expect the people to sub mit to the presct extraordhary rate of taxation, if teiir money' is not wanted1 for immediate purpuses. 11," therefore, WC (t'Cide to wait, we must cert ainly "abandon our present pre parationsg." I will now iroceed" to examiine tis proposition with tle attenti n die to ts im) portaice. and the respet dNe o those wh11o adl vocate it. I admit, without he-itationl, thlat conjoinit ne Ion on the par-t of two or more States, r it cioii ib procired. is preferable () siparate actioni on the part of any me State. Riut I distinctly declare it as my leliberate jiidgm'enut, that co-operaI 4onl Cannioijt he obtained inl the iman ier propised, inl our day and gi1enia ion . Is it interiil ed to :adjourn tite ssue to a dlistant future-to beueathi to our11 chilrein? Surely not, b n e are to do th.j r s with thi - .' sub** et C-f < p on. It is admitte( on nil sideos, that at wesunt there is no hInsp of co-o .era 011 by an.' S'tate, ol aeat (. the ast agres oofthe C.'velnnent, vith tle exc cl *. of 11 i11issii: and is her C -liveni1t'll is to iinect in No 'elnde- next, Ier j-Sitic.i Nillie 1vde. inel previiusly to the mueetii oif our Sulivention. The governments -f all the I 'her 'tates have thus ftn-, under the isu -s yet ma1:d1e, dc lined t'.)ioi l Li ol .1t a v neasues of res!istanice. To the fti ure tiei we itust lk for evtuts to 1ig ab1ut co-operati n. The Com 'oliiie lias failed to do o. I f ve sait then for new issuis to pro(lice t-eratindo we Itt agre t., sub nit to 1hi 1 ast, aid ti uhl atIn tIe uIle of tlie ('Ill Inj t:i.ni ' ;1S a cask I'o . pr 'nt r sistalle.-? \\I I this lot i h v a w% ide de'Ir ur Ire fI om surl pa.St de lrains \ill it n1.0 e talsin., n.'t 'il v '>e luit arm'n ~t'irs bia'k::l-s? 'i: viiOi do itt thinOs it is a'h ,lu e d it alI'ir h1V 'ei'tiulv 1.' Candi.!lI and h s i-r to he oolre 'ti, e. e I ti; c - i it , I 0 : i ti itt l. I ee u t I I Ta 1uur 1 i .railyb biug t ; j Iv f tr coari'y in n la wilcnni '0 ae - rihof the sh tra i-re .. -siil ti wiethn Cohes ts inul a dpt eih'it to the abolition of slavery in the District E of Columbia, and the repeal of the i fiigitive slave law. These are the I only two measures which stand out i prominently in the foreground. I 1 cnn think of no others. No slave r State is applying for admission, no c territory remains for the application i of the Wilmot proviso. No one, I I presime, would pretend to say that p any legislation on the old issues of d the tariff, a bank, or internal improve ments, would unite tho South in any 1 measures of resistance to this Gov- 1 errnnent. The aggressions referred a to hv our friends, I presume, are to a be direct anti-slavery measures. V Let ius see, then, if either of the S measuree have named are likely to u be adopted by Congress. e First, as to the abolition of slavery v in the District of Columbia. In my opinion this measure will not be 0 adopted, or, if it is, it will be in such d a form as will fail to produce united a resistance on the part of the South. t These are my reasons for this opin- : ion. Whilst I believe that the anti- i1 slavery or abolition party is increas- P ing both in Congress and out of it, i1 vet I do not believe that they will " have strength enough to accomplish 1i this measure at this time. ti Politicians manage these things in a Congress. They have the power to 0 do so at present, and understand b' their business thoroughly. They will d permiit nothing to be done at this ' tine which will unite the South.- i 'They cannot stop agitation, it is true, 8 either in or out of Congress. Men will talk, and rant, and write,, but 0 whei it comes to voting, the inven- " tions are numerous for arresting that p evil.' The authors of the compr-o- b mise ar illupon the stage. .That . iS, w 'fled iow, Is t4eep (11uiet. A peace must be patched with her. She must be let alone for a while, until her back becomes fitted to the burthen which has just been C plaecl upon it. She must be flatter- 0 ed. amd courted and cujoled. Liber- . al .is will be made to induce her J to j in in the canvass. High places a will be promised her; in short, she is 1 aued~ aurn must be won. This is I the course things will take, and only 8 let Suth Carolina give up her pur- 0 l Use (I secession-let her say that " :hue will not leave the Union until b she obtains co-operation through fu ture a.-g'ression, and resistance in any form is at an end. But I have 9 intinated that this measure might be a :ioptel in a fom which will fail to I irice the result which our friends 1 peeiet. Let me explain what I t( nwan. I If slavery is abolished in the Dis- a' triet of Columbia at the present day, t it w ill be done with the consent of the h slavehllders there. That species of t prpierty is becoming daily more in- ,t secure, and of courso less valuable. t 'The facilities for abduction, the Ii spread of ablitioni doctrines, and the a presence of somec 8 or 0000 free ne gresugainst 3i or 4000 slaves, out (f a total lppulationl of 50,000, all e Ambine to render slave properry there of very little value. When . the ahternlativel is presented to the Seopl of th de IDistieit of losing their C siuves alto'gethecr, or selling out evenC at ai reduced price, it is plain which' course they will adopt. The consent ofI the slaveholder to sell will thus be C cail oltained, anid then thme right of Conugress to purchase will be the C emnly remani mng dilliculty to be over- i e oo. Now, it must be romembered C that the genieral pow~er- of Congress t to abolishi slavery in the D)istrict of ilihnnhia is still an open question.- C M i. - lay, and his school of politi (*dans. if I undi~erstandthdem, admit u the 1.1wer, hit say thait its exercise a wouhi he a breach of faith to Virgin- t am an. Ilarylanmd whilst they reimina * 'IhLve-homldinug Stutes; and now, - ar he retrocessionm of Alexandria to Vir..::i a this~ objection would be 1.n w1 ' le wn, 1 presume, to a I br.ach of' fiith to ilarylanmd alone. - i fslaer: therefore, should be abol ise nthe District of' Columbia with the coent~ii of thme slaveholders, the questi'n then comes uip. Will the Southl unmite ini dissolving the Union hiecause Congress lins done, what, in thme judgmnut of the greatest party lender of the day, and his numerotts followers, is only a breach of faith to Mlarylatnd? Will Maryland herself, with 78.000 free negroen in 89,000 iaves within her borders, (for such s the astounding fact disclosed by he last census,) be the first to raise be banner of disunion. Will Geor ria do so? Before her Convention net I would have answorcd this iuestion without an instant's liesita ion in the affirmative.! But the ac ion of that Convention has afforded ,round for very grave and painful oubts on this question.. Previously to the meeting of that ody it had become the uniform, in ariable mode of expressien on this ubject by all the Southern States to ay, if Congress should abolish slave y in the District of Columbia, then, rc. This was the stereotyped form lh of words-plain, distinct and un quivocal, which had entered into the ocabulary of the whole South in tying down their platform of resist nce. But the Georgia Convention eliberately, and upon consideration, bandoned the use of , these :plain -rms, which could give rise to no'dis ute as their true intent and tnean ig, and adopted this, mode of -ex ression: 'That the State of Georgia, the judgment of this Convention, ill and ought to resist, even (as a ist resort) to a disruption of every e which binds her to the Union, any otion of Congress upon the subject r slavery in the District of Colum ia, or in places subject to the juris iction of Congress, incompatible 'ith the safety, the domes:ic tranquil ty, the rights, and the honor of tle aveholding States,' &c. Now, I ask, what does this change r phraseology mean?. It must iean something, or. why adopt it. in reference to the other, which has 1come as familiar as hottselibfd ords to the whole South. Wal it uillity, the rights, and the hou -r of ie slaveholding States, is a very )mplex proposition, and gives rise at nee to doubt and constrution. 'his action on the part of Georgia istifies, I repeat. very grave doubts 3 to the course she *ould pursae if avery should be abolished in the listrict of Columbia, with the con mnt of the slaveholders or in any Lher way which it might be argued as not 'incompatible with the rights, onor, safety and tranquillity of the outh.' Let it nevei, be forgotten that Vir. inia, in 1847 and '48, made the bolition of the slave trade in the >istrict of Columbia a measure which le would resist at 'every hazard and > the last extremity.' But, in 849, sho abandoned this ground, ad fell back upon the abolition of ic slave trade between the States as er 'casus belli.' When asking how uis change of position was justified, io only reply I have receivel was ~is: 'We found wre had taken too igh ground, and we abandoned it iud took another position.' So I yar it wvill be found that in ten years romn this time the emancipa tion by longress of some two or three thou anud slaves in the District of Column ia, with the consent of thoir owners, wolving, as many think, no breach f the Constitution, but only a breach f faith to a single State, which: State. may be the first to excuse it, is ,too igh ground to justify the secession f any member of this Confederacy. I repeat, therefore, my deliberate pinion, that slavery will not be abol shed in the District of Columbia in ur day and generation, or, if it is' bolished, it will be done in some way rhich will prevent united resistane n the part of the South. The next measure to which I have eferred is the repeal of the fugitive lava act. It is a matter of .infiniite urpr'ise to me homw anv close observ r' of our political affair's canm fr a aoment suppose that this lan nill be epealed by the next Congiress, orfo nany years to come. Th'lis is th~e on y measure of' the compromise whose epeal is threatened. Some of those neasures are, in fact, irrepealable by ongress; they need no further help rom their frienmde, but can now take ~are of themselves. .Blut the issue of epeal is distinctly made on the sfugis ive slave law, and though the efforts f the Abolitionists maty bg1bold, pen, and vigorous, (ho canuiot e ya majority of both .houses of. Con, ~reas and the Presidenit. t-adrn. stration and all thgdyoqgteg the comprowpise .hadetorief this law ;u Ag: the. StatuteQ, . That is the Issue. Its CO ut another thing. Wo all1lit ' jractically repeale aws may sometimes requri e dmnary meansto enforcel tb,. lawlwhich always requires suAfh for 'its enforcement is parchment it -iswritten on, a truth ivhich, sooner or later.771 force itself upon the ,popular m id, ardlience the deep anxiet. nnddem. barrassinient o the A& and the advocates of the compouso in relation to. this law. Th6-y.k Wi in their hearts and consciebicogLk this law is not ihat eyerjAY fo be, the instruient speedy justice; .and hence they sebk to cover up this glaring fact, andlo create a diversion upon the isii/f its mere formil repeal oy . and upon this issue, Itell, your, they will succeed,'let Giddings rds Seard plot, or'Sumnei tell 1 as lie may. Althogh I have a most p if, conviction that this law will nM-e re pealed, I have at' the eame1ie a verj strong conviction thalt M modifiled to suit Northern prejudices. 1 do not mean to say that this..cer tain. I desire to state my posgi ies with exactness and without thledet ,exaggeration. The advocates. of the compise declared from the day of its end "6, they 'would opp"o the " r d "any essential modification, 6f the fugi tive, slave law. - Mak byoui ny essential modification. Now.. there are seveial features of that iW which its snpporters ore ready modify, for the purpose of incr their strenth atte North,,. uold ovabde thatthed ugida e tens claimant, to be used kai out furtl.or rof, 'except" i.1"]0 , &C. 'would be" erberus.. .As to the trial I presunie Mr. .Vebsto' e shiimf would be *illing to engrafr ",.t"'P vision on thili fr it was ion in the bill which he hijel : duced before leavin the Kat 7 Repeal, therefor, l'qe da of the. questioi. Modiatioi. o, ' aucndment may ho attis t very cautiously. The abolition of slaver in e trict of Columbia and ti the fugitive slave law, th9n,'JC only overt acts of aggressionm"whifte im ny judgment can e conmitte b Congress against the South Mt time. I feel the most abidii Z dence that neithbr will Loijo ur day. . Our adversaries will ta cr that the measure of aggrestiAn sall be just so much as lvill stp eiop d of uniting the South. Your paience ' shall be their gauge. The antoeo 9 of co-operation thou must1 a~~ith* question of disunion to aliothed if the past, or any issue whleh may be made upon the past, cannot. 'tr the South, then the future of gid~ will afford no measure for reitace My solemn belief, therefore, a that co-operation is submission-to the corn promise. Suthnissioji t~h~pt, with no hope fod' thefute in using the term submssion, I do not mean to applyit qfiv sense 'whatever to 'i s difer frome.yon tis p o ~. from it. .~' kndw -h~tr i *I would sputrn' the- ickfga aj~ 'submission iw'rthiall the~~r1pdIr digination irunsullieci 'atrioi-~ speakc to tham as I wouldha4e speak to me, with sinceriy~i pe-ct.. I mtt be allowed) thgbfore, toan to them,- youn. psitioe'%drfts you with the indilite dhIlof the G ultf $trcard to se You mill r aify the Cof"' o.'iho wiceW of Seith Garolis.. he bosh edi. She. cannt gO back t.feetisup vn the.hu sks ofI highonadig rsolo tions, prtAysts'aa remonstranc4 In two years she will sink down~i~h attitude of 'ni on-resistene "' human power.' avert~tit What'i m ore might be L e n her woi be derid n so tar that she Irl't n untoherself."11Tt-'~'~ *wewill be in no w . our friendtw n~ ta