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recomm ended a sweeping change in the present tarifl and opened the door for the diseussion of thedoctrmje.of Prno'ecd tion, w" publish (says the Federal Union,)- a letter from Mr. Calhoun which has recet l,1 for the first time, appeared it.piinta It is concise, but cha racteristic, clear and comprehensive: Fort Ilill, Nov. 231, 1842.-Dear Sir: I am too much engaged to answer regularly and fully the questions you propound. It would take me into al. most fl{ whole range of the Tairriff qIttioni. I have only time to submit a f ggestions for your reflection. 0 to:iassune the difference of the ex. pense of imanuficturing in England and this country to be 33 1.3 per cent. I Sill admit, and ask you in turn, where is the necessity of protection even with thadt'diff(re2cc against us? SWhe. cost of importation, all things considered, may be put down at 10 per cet. The manufacturers themselves itifflid home valuation put it much luhighr. To this must be added, at least 1Lper cent for the profit of the whole. sale dealer. To that add 10 per cent duty fir revenue, and the cost to the re. 'ail: dealer on the English price, will be 35 per cent. and 1 1.3 more than the dTFcretle in the cost of manufacturing. Hut this is not all. Lvery manufac. tuipr loses by high duties on every ar tid .he consumes except that en which ho n aes. Take a cotton manufactur er. "H-lses in the first place by the highest ditties on iron and his machinery Irgelyin proportion to the extent of Ida establishment. If they were duty free, his machinery would not cost him . moro than about half as much. This 10lone would make an immense -ditIrence in the cost of manufac. luring. le loses in the next place by -the high duties on all other ar ticks: sugar, coffee, tea, wool, &c. They add to the cost of living, both for himjelf and his workmen, and those who furnish his supplies, and must be made up by higher wages and profit. And lastly it diminishes his sales by im poverishting all his customers, who raise prddtuctions for foreign markets, or who depend for employment, directly, or in .directly, on those who do: as explained i the speech, of which I sent you a copy. To ti is many other considerations might be added, but take them, and I ask oaain, after making allowances for .the el -cs which they clearly have on the cost of manufacturing, and the profits of the manufacturer, what will then be the difference between the cost in Eng. land aml in our country? How much less lhan 33 1-3 per cent, would it be? %Wv as I have shown, that the cost of importation, and the profit of the whole sale dealer, with a duty of ten per cent. S tare greater than the existing difference, I;ask finally, why, if to this we add the considerations, should our manu. ,foc u stop witlh a moderate revenue 390# that nither jjhe ex. ,Vitienofour: mantifa'c ion 'their sucecess, depends on high protective du. ~. tion.. As great a solecism, as it may tpliear,-it is nevertheless true, the lower -the dluty-l speak of the general aver. * cage duty---the more they will flourish. With great respect, I am, &c., J. C. CA LHOUN. Dm~ir.c-r TnADs.-The Mobile IHerald 4.Tribumne referring to the provisiotnS madle jy our legislature for a direct trade wih ItPurope remarks: * ?. A similar enterprise is on foot farther east: fIhr the establishment of a line of <direct steamers between Baltimore and Liv s001, touching at Norfolk, Virgii. in. *l, design is that they shtnJi carry diic . .irln for this purpose thme gov. ernmrent is~ to be solicited to take a liberal sharel~ int ther ownership of them. Th'Iey * are also to be built to serve the purposes of war. - - Many o~f the most influential and wvent by of the merchants of Baltimore rtetohning a lively interest in the cater - prise. W: do tnot see why these projects, if cairried inoel-iwh the same energy ua ths .1 a the North, may not lie ats sue. essful andi profitable asihey. As an iihstrunrott oif emancipating the South from its comjmercial vassalage on the free Staite::, they are all-important, for ns lan: aus we have to rely ott Northern cities tihr whtat we receive from Eutrope, and fhr our meatns of setnding thither ourt pro-lucts, tis dependetnce must . AVe ree'rive thte intelligence of the -onIh Cairtulina enterprise with great pilenwur(, beetnuse we itink it is likelyv to be put speedily into operation on its own meuri:s. disjoined entirely from the )InfluenenC~ of the general government, and by is time next year we may hatve -stuch ''ddnce of its success as will in spire confi-lence for embarking in a simi. rbusinaSR at this end of the gulf. e~c. 11-A Fuorrt vr.. .awealhby gentle. les, was int his M. yester 0the room tInents. sson *n. .t ~ s '~, 1 viotatg ,a )f j6 that, wa is pid . e ate-overy " . totih le ; Ii rd f'or four or flive of your shirts and two or Iht of your vests, and I took them up to hism. After that, he asked if you had nnv spare boots, and I took your best Sundiay pair out of y ur bed room. lie pi them on and +U do tire clothes up in a bundle and says'Sonny,' tell your father he pretty clever old chap. and the next time I run away may.be I'll call on him. So ho went down stairs and out of the front door, laughing all the time as if he saw something funny. This account made Mr. P. open his cyrs, literally and figuratively both. le saw that he had been 'sold' by the ungrate. fil darkey. A police oficer was do. spatched in pursuit of the fugitive, but the latter had made suoh'good use ofhis trotters, that Mr. P's shirts, waistcoats and boots have not yet found their way back to the right owner.----Pennsyl. ian. The South Carolina Conference of the M. . Church. "This body at its recent meeting, on mo tion of Dr. Whitefoord Smith, adopted," says the Charleston Mercury of the 8th inst., "an important. resolution touching the ob noions section in the Methodist Book of Discipline on the subject of slavery. An attempt was made at the last -meeting of the General Conference of the Church South, to carry a resolution that the Discip. line should be relieved of this section which seems to inculcate anti-slavery as a part of Christian duty. The motion failed by a few votes, although it was generally, if not unanimously, admitted that the said section t was not of binding authority. The pro ceeding was a weak one, and by no means calculated to advance the interests or sup port the dignity of the church. We are glad that the South Carolina Conference I has set itself right in the matter, and trust that the General Conference will not he very far behind them. The following is the resolution:" Resolred, That inasmuch as the late I General Conference appended to the 9th sect. 2d part of the hook of Discipline, a note declaring said section to be inoperative and obsolete; and 'forasmuch as many quarterly meeting conferences in this and I other conferences have by published reso. lution declared that the Book of Discipline with the said section ought not to be circu lated; and inasmuch also as it is highly im portant that the book should be in the hands of the members of our church that they may know the rules by which they are to lie governed; Dr. W. M. Wightman, Dr. W. t M. Wight mar, 1)r. W. Smith, and Charles 1 Betts he, and tl.ey are hereby appointed a committee to confer with the Book Agent of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, and to take the necessary steps, if possible, to have an edition of the said book of dis cipline published for circulation within this Conference, without the obnoxious sect'on referred to. zEnIAI. NAxrcATro.-In the U. S. Sen ute, on onday, Mr. Douglas prongented a 'memoriaN from John Wise, the inronaut. Mr. D. said The mnemorialist states that he has devo ted sixteen years of his life studiously to the science of unronautics, t hat dI n ring that period ho hats mad~e about one hundred wriatl voy. ages successfully and with safety, lie states also that he has written a wvork upon I this science, in which he has given a historyr of it and an account of the developments of1 its principles, which has been received with great favor by the scientific world. lie also states that he has domnonst rated to his own satisfaction, his power to make this scienice r use ful and practicale fo'r the transmission of passengers, ned espocially ini the art of war as well as in peace. I to also states that ho! is preptared ntow to constrnet a halliotn 100I feet ini diameter, wvhichx shall have rthe power] of elevating 16 tonts; that hie is prep:tedl to elevate that balloon over the Capitol, or President's I louse, or Navy Y'anl. or ainy othter pointt whticht may be designaited above the reach of gun shoit. and then'f tor discharrgo imfitaition mtissites of a destrutctive rjnal ity, which wvould .showv his capacity to estrov* arty fleet, fort, orarmty which rmay he Ibeneathm it. I io also propose.s whien hie shll have dtone that, rand shalt have satisfied bothI I louses of Contgress, arid every hodly who shtallI attentd htis exprien vt, m int it is ent. tirely praict icable and with ilt his control, to take lint halloon to lie city of -St. I motis nnrd make a voyage front t hence to the city of New-VYork. At New-V~ork lhe prpoe to take mt six other passenigers who have already volinnuteered, anid a liti,.hoat. anid proceedl to England, where lhe wiit report to the Biritish Government. lie expresses en. tire confidence in his ahi lity' to do this with perfect safe'ty; and fuirthermnore, that hie canr make a gnticke'r voyua.e around the worl wvitht his batlloon than ini any other wny; thtt his experiments have .shown that at a&certainr elevation there is a entrrenit of air frotm West to East, in whlich 1-e can sail with pierti-et safety, atnd with more expteditiout and veloci ty thtan by arty othier modeh of contveyne. tie desires the oppiortuniry of te'stinig this, arnd of satisfying the w' rhtI of the 1:th I his theory. lIeI says lie eatn matke thlese exp~erimentts fromt St. I .ouis to New Yoirk and from N. YVerk to l rropte for the stun of twenty thtousanud dollars. I ltitiks that this witlI enable himt to fultly demonisirate the practicability of this science, anid its arplica bility to the purposes to wvhich hie prt~oose to devote it. lie alludes to the fact thart wve are making very large applropriattionrs for objects of rutchI less mlity , anrd inasmuitrch as lie htas devotedl his Ilife to this biusiniess, hats tmade so manty successful voyvnges, hats wrniltn a book demonstrating the piractica. hitlity of this science, a nd~ only needs this small pittance to carr - his scietifii discov. cries into practical eflect, lhe say~s we onight to give hun that amount to allow imo mk htriat, and enable himt to h'ethe first man that ever sailed around the worbt int a balloon. The memorial was refer,, d to the Comn. teo oin Naval Affairs. oENLttans VroerTAn.s.-:\ vast food may be otbtainted by mian usty, anti systemtatically carry. 'ne, the princitles of iincrease. ce, a pea; plantt it ini very vit to hear, thre first year, ii ont'y; remove all othi st single pea of these; rnd retaitn of the pro ow thte largest ott retain a pod; select r the sort wvill, by size and weight. st seed, and, s. or any have at Iiirator. I:PI+ IJMTEII Bi4NEI. Sumterville, So. Ca, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 5, 185i1, J. S. 0, R IcIarn rdts1 o, Eto'. C"' Mesars. A. Viirri: & Co., are Agonta for the Batnner in Snntervillo. Latdies' Fair. The ndies of lethel neighborhood will hold i Fair at Col. NrTTI.s' house, formerly ocen 1ed by Mr. Ilintsox, near Bethel Church, on Wednersday 5th March. It will commence at 11 A. M1. Entrance 25 et. Children half price. They rcpectfully solicit the patronage of the public. The Telegraph wires are down north of Columbia and South of Columbus Ga., so that we have not the latest intelligence from the various centres of interest. We flid from the Courier, that the transactions n Cotton in the Charleston :Market on Saturday, reached 1600 bales, the narket closing in rather a depressed state. The sales were at extremes, ranging from 12 to 13 3-4c. Municipal .Election. An election was held on Monday last for Pown Council of Surnterville, which re tuited in the choice of Cot.. MoxTr.o-uny Rfosns, Intendant, and Di. R. S. Mrr.r.E-TT. loutt CIuA, IIAntvE1V Dirom : and JAMJ:s I). BLANDIxo, Egcirs. WVardens. Brigade Encampments. It is not genorally known that the Legis ature, at its last se' sioni, revived tint part of ho act of 18.11, having ref'rene(- to this sub. ect, which had been repealed. The encamp. nents are, by the present net, ordered to be acld every year instead ofonce in two years. n addition to the llice rs reis nired to attend, $crgeants and non-comisitsioned ltegimeiiin. al StafT Otlicera have this duty imposed mn them; for neglect of which L thy ar' lia- i dhe to a fine of lilen dollar;. By service even years, during which thcy shall ntretal very Encaniptent oiderecl, tivy will ie xemnptcd frtm ordinary militia dtyi, and hey are exeipted, in adddlition, from road Inty luring every yar in w-ich they s-hall ttend an Encampnjment. Small Pox. This disease has been hovering for some ays aroundonr borders and by this time any have penetrated our St.ite. In Char otte N. C. there have been 109 cases. It 4 rumored that it has pass:d over into jancaster District. Soon it may he upon is, for sneh discases travel on ti, vings of he wind; and we shool.! use sueh precan ions that it may pai harmlessly by. It voni(d he well for all, even those who hazve con Vaccinated, to submit themselves to he operation; for nothing abould be omitted vhich may guard usangainst a disease uao angerona dutrlnd its-cd ence and as tri he in its resuts. - Unionism. Tfhe destiny of Southern Tiornismn is to e laughied at. It had its existence ann layed its p-art, tnt co'ntrolling its o ent ac ts, ot being its otwn itater, hut a meore pnmp. ct, obeyin.T the wdll of th'ers till it .,ad ecomlishedl whai~t was desied if it, then a he t hrowni ashl as c no:c re;:girig fur ter ot iec. We* are~ at a Iloss ~ to rc:n-e(ive how ;otnthern linTionists, const itutedl, as minn re, with an extre tne aversiont to rid I ie ebien levehiled at t hems~elve's, andi, conse uenitly, with an unaw Ili ngness to place hemaselves ini false amli ridien ioits ponitions, atn piosily cotnemplate, ithi ;any o:hlir ecOlintg thian self dcisgunt, thac.r smiy:diy., iast and~ presnioit, lin their relationis to the.r %uortlherni aIlhes. Theac Uniioist at tlhe 'Sontih, f heo is such sincerelyv, wihile het' does not tholly approve, ill ab ide byv lie ( ompi~ro nlise as :a pe rmnitin~lt ac!jus:itent of thtis ectiondal coat r. ier.y." 1lThis masurein of ): r ',z1i v we to respassers the sovereti'in~ty of an empi~ire, iini to addlt to th sti ~ rength~ of t cppco tents of slavery . It ber hedl a slaver State i 0 give tip its soil to aboulitioin ; andi, within lhe Iim~its of the I )stt i t of ( oiinmbia, it has throgtedi the highest righits of theIi'i mis.er n is islaves, hy tiking away fro:n him~ tie iower of carrvintg them 'in tin i , a shoae list rict. for the puosenac di.ic-pasnig of tlheml, a lie conli do withi any other kiind i-pop ~rty. lit ithi thse ( md now :ollow the' the rejec'tioni if, jrup *1:' in i ciml s/c: e. yfrom~ the .ilartic n cc reuri-s awl toi abil. sha it in the 1).-,tneic t ci 'ihnoha." Thie tirst ofi the- e le NInvs wacs de o, valiuabtlib the: (irg.t t 'iienitiimn thut liey eraveh' inittcred it tip amoingin tlhose cii auideraitionis wvhalh werne it indcteit theit mfiind ini derithing uponi th questin 01 se cessiont. SLecess~ion, I tho.y, - wohl not r(.e-r tiihe Io's sstiinedu. v.z. dlep;nivati mn o theL righit tic introduice hcnerv mito .cbil:~ niai. hbit it w iso NiheI ct icrgmn. tirst toc thet addlitionaul loi- ni j! all . : gina /,/ lthe reclamion Icl c cd1010 i !ati . 4-e' A~nd thle popl iof ( .tcrgr it hld ciniinent thtus even alter tine tf ithir own citi zens hadl testedl the t-ncritc'.r Slave. Law mi Boston, and fonnd that thtere wats miore hile than of bein:g sollered to reclaimi his rttnawayv. WI y ho abisurdc is thee idea oif thtat law provi ot vatine: toc the slatve-hohie er, that it mia. ed be atsserted that nii course enid Ii s cet amily an iti eiklyv btank. ropt the Suth~ as a goineralI eI1b rt to ton forcc ed a iw. 'The va dne tof a w hiole plant - ation would lie exp1ended in the va in at tempjt to retake otie runaldway. Th'le client la so sorry that the Gueorgianis mtust hive imiposedl it upon themsiio~ves ktnowi negly. Btit the second grotod t hey take int favor of the adjuutmnt--thttt it cont ai ned no prirehition of slavery in the Mexicana terri. tories, and therefore saved the South from the insult of theProviso-is even more lu dicrons. Mr. C.AY, the loving parent of the Compromise, certainly ought to know Its featpres, and he told the North that the Proviso 'xtended over that territory already by virtue of Mexican law. The peculiar boast of freemen is that they govern them. selves, and that they submit to no laws but those they themselves enact'; but, by the benign provisions of the " Adjustment," the people of the South (freemen tce used to call them) are degraded under, and have to submit to, laws, insulting and injurious, enacted by a people they themselves have conquered. Mr. CLAY told them so from the beginning, and Mr. IVF.DTEIn coinci ded, bu t some of the people of Georgia are still so blinded as to believe that the terr. tories are open to slavery. The Tribune, no partisan of the Compromise and there. fore, to some extent, a disinterested inter. preter of its provisions, makes the follow. ing comments upon the appointment of a Mr. CALnOUN, a Georgian, as Governor of New Mexico. Mr. James .i Calhoun is a ood Union man a good \Vng of the Southern stripe, and we presume will fill the office credita. bly, hnt the Governor of that Territory should not have been taken from Georgia. I le ought to have been chosen from a Free State. The country will not believe the location nccidental; it knows that the Georgians hold that no legal impediment n1ow exist to the introduction of slavery in to New Mexico; and it does not know that Mr. Calhoun dissents from this opin. ion. The Tribune evidently thinks that the course of the Government should be open and candid. . That Journal would not steal covertly upon the institution of slavery, and is therefore inpatient and irritated at the prospect of a mistake prevailing with re gard to the free soil of New Mexico, pro. duced by some scheme of a politic Presi denlt. In its opinion, the dignity of the subject, the rajesty of Freedom, requires that not a doabt should be permit ted to ex. ist of the irnpossibility of slavery ever pol luting that sos, consecrated as it now is to Libe eeci.illy when the existence of that doubt an have no other influence than of reconi ling these victimized Union. ists with t, I p they have been lured in. to. With t'g+ blinded class however, the Tribune tai: very little to do. it passes over them n'lh great indifFerence, but ad dresses a 'e .'austic remarks to another class, who -e not blinded, who are the leaders of t Unionists, but are for the the Union o account of its perquisites. It deprecate,-as follows, the greediness of these latter Vlmoevera.:nvy Juave been the 'celebra. ted Roman fponar' who first remarked that tlro i e tic a AIer as riding a free horseti. 4 is so, and our 'Uni tSouth ought to hi.edi nng iesarsr Fill. forrCivlGof NewMeico is an ex ample. Ulemt is very well--we o in for it under proper regulatins.--but. Union ism which is all gave and no take is not the regular thing. We think the President shoni 4) not have been asked to appoitnt a Siout I ern Gove~rorof New Mexico, and should nut. have consented if he were. A keen eye is upon the movement. UnTitism~51 has been arrestcd in its rapid course of aiscension and brought back to a stand below par, where its o.vn intrinsic worthtlessness will keep it, for the present at least, maach to the discomposure, it mnay he imaliginedl, of the political jobbers who counted it sutch valuable stock rand calcu hated to speculate so profitably upon it. And so it ist. The cat's-paw generally trots bur.. t without getting any of the chest uts. Our Ebcchanges. Goor~y takes time biy the forelock. Ilis Ioely's hlook for February haes already been receivted and it is, as usual, Good. AnTiurns hlom: GazETTF. is one of the bes-t weeklies in the country. The double hld'ay numbier, whaicht contained the whole of a tale by the lEditor, besides a great hea! ~ ter reading tnatter, was particu lark good. Mr. Anrintn has acquired gtoa reputat ion as a writer of moral tales and we can .safelv recommnendl his paper to our reas ers. We are in the weekly receipt of a pa p'er, cal led "THErr Pnti.AIIEr.rin:A SATUn. iear lEvr.sIiSo F.xenrss." Its principal featutre is the~ continuation of a novel from the pen of W. itnonE Suurs. Tin: Seuioor.ur i..ow, is the name of an excehlent Mal~gazmne for the boys and girls pubbsahed by~ Messrs WALERt & IRicriAnus of Chlarlesteon. W., know of no way in whichi a duollar col beo intvestedl more to the' pretit and amnusemnent oft lhe little folks than in sublscribing, to it. For the~ liaer. 7. i I'-eiron :Te following gent lenten ar rensp ec tfutlly recommoended to the Peo. Dpe aof C'laremiiont, for D elegates to theo ' uvetion Cut('A T. W r.t.mAM ll. aas, ('o.. J. tNs 13. ri..nt, Mnt. LEuiNAicD WA tir rix andl M~ t. sa ac I .Eeior. Foer the' Itannier. Witlhout initemndge to discuss the matters whlicht miay lbe agitated by thet proiposed m'onv ent jin, or to enqutire into the proba. hcie actio oel(f that biody, or to review the conrse$ ot thae latst I.ogislatturo on the sub jc~t of our Federal Rlelations, whicht we are for~ced tea admatit, did, to somne extent dis a Prom,~t ite expaictations of the People, we alesire toi recommliend as at Delegate, wvithout any dlisrespect. to the gentlemien already ntaamede, all well qitahftid for thte position, our woerthy fellow-citizen WVt.IaM E. RhiigAnuex. 1his mature judgamont, ex. plerience,'roresightt, and prudence eminent. ly quailify him for this station, while hit past services to the District, merit from i tthis compliment. A VOTER. For the At the annual meeting of lie Stockhol. era of the Bradford Spirings Female Insti. tute held at Supiterville, on the 0th Jann ary inst. The Iev. H.,. GREEN Presi dent, called tiip meeting to ordet, and on motion of CArr L. WHITE, Col. ,. D. Asin muon was appointed Secretary pro tom. The meeting being organized proceeded to business. On motion of Rev. Mr. EL. r.O-TT, a committee of three was appointed to verify proxies and there upon the Chair appointed M. P. MATEs, LEONARD WHITE and R. R. SPANN. On motion of lion. F. J. MosEs, the meeting then adjourned to meet at Sumter Ville at 12 o'clock on We:nesday 15th in stant. II. D. GREEN, President. J. D. AsnasoRE, Sec'ry Pro. Tem. W. C. Moragn', Esq., editor of the Edge. field Adrerliser, has been electod as a Re presentative from Edgefield District In the p'ace of F. II. Wardlaw, Esq., who was e. lected by the ,Legialature at its recent ses sion as Chancellor. TnE Ssow STorua.-The Chester Stan dard says that the late snow storm which visited that town on Thursday last, has been unprecedented for some thirty or forty years past. Its average deptn has been variously estimated, in different parts of the District, at from twelve i twenty inches. At and about the town it was generally es. timated at about fourteen. Some instances of serious injury to build ings occurred. On Friday night the roof of a brick dwelling in this town, belonging to W. A. Walker, E sq., gave way under the weight, and fell to the ground, and the church at Bethany, some three and a half miles north west of the town, was also crushed. No Northern papers were received at New Orleans on the 241 inst., the mail destined for that city having been destroyed by fire, vhich caught inside the stage before reaching Stockton. ST. LOUIS, JAN. 0. Thursday next has been fixed upon by the Missoui Lcgislature for the election of a United States Senator, in place of Thomas II. Benton. Mr. Henry S. Gryer is the \Vhig candidate for the office. LATF.ST FROM IIAVANA--AIERICANS IN TRotntsE.--The steamer Georgia brings news from Havana to the 1st inst. Every thing was quiet. Five or six Californians were left in prison for violating Spanish laws, drawing their bowie knives. and revolvers, and committing other indecencies too numerous to mention. The Captain General has determined" to make an example of anch characters, who have too long been pernitted to go on shore freely. and treated with respeot and kind ness whenever they merited it. No American vessels of war in port when the 'Georgia left. Murder.-Mr.Jolhn A. Chester, the City Recorder of Memphis, n'rn., was shot and instantly killed, by anegro, on the 1st inst. The negro produced a paper, purporting to be a ertiiccate of h's freedom, which he wished countersigned by the Mayor and Re corder, be a. forgery. Mr. C. being satisfied that but onpaQjammtion, i wa incolered toi theo negro tas& ruonsiy,Mli -aititho get of conveying him into his~ office for safe keep img, when lie turned, and with a doubi barrel pistnol-lnflicted the mortal wound. which resulted in his death in the course of a few minutes. The negro, after commnitting the deed. acknowledged that lie was a slave, lie wasn taken out by the exasper n~ed crow.i, and immediately hung. Mr. Chester's son, a young mnan of 19 years of age, was rendered a raving maniac, on viewing the lifeless body of his father. SUDnEN DFr.Ans.--Tt is onr melancholy task to record the sudden decease on Saturday morning last of two of our esteem ed and highly respected citizens. Dr. Chamberlain I.. Goodwin andi Dr. John 0. Nicholson. The former gentleman died, it is thought, of ani affection of the heart: the latter, of a pulmonary disease. Both onthie (lay previous to their death wvere in usual health, and enigaged in their ordinary avoca tions. Both were excellent citizen., and w~ere highly esteemeLd by all who knew them. Both have left young and interesting( families to mourn their loss.-Edgefield A d terliser. A SAn CALAmTY -Amongst the items of intelligonco brought biy the last Euro. penni steamer is the following, as reporte~d by'Telegra ph, ',Thie Portugneso frigate Dotna Maria blow up off Macao on the annmi versary of the birth-day of the Consort of the Queen of Portugal. All the oflicers, men, andl others on board, including seine ot the officers of the United States ship Marion, exceplt one officer and lifteen men, perished." The leading participants in the Cuban Expedition wvere arraigned before the Unit ed States Circuit Court at New Orleau, on Monday, the 15th inst The following appeared in answer to their names: Gene. ral Narcisca Lo ez, Col. Theodore O'Hara, Col. John W. ii. Hell. Capt. A. J. Lewis, Col. Robert Wheat, Gen. John llenderson, L.. J. Sigur, Esq., and Gen. D). Augustin. IThose who diid not appear, were, A. (Gon nyless, Governor Quitman, John O'Sulli. van, Major.Bunch, Peter Smith, and N. D. 1 laden. Gen. Loipez plead in abatement to the indictment, en tihe grotund that the Grand Jury had been illegally drawn and impannelled; as did also Messrs. Sigur and Augustine. The others put in the plea of niot guilty. Gen. Ilendlerson requested an imamedi ate trial, but Judge Mc~aleb postponed the consideration of that point, as wvell as of the pleas in abatement, until the next day, when they could he argued, and lie would dletermnine when lhe should await tihe attendIance of the Circuit Judge. Mr. hlunt for the Defendants.-Centre Trute A mer ican. Mtsmo.--The mines upon the American river, we learn, are paying now much better than during the early part of the seanon. Below andi above Auburn, many companies ate taking out from $)8 to $t20 to the man, per (lay, and in some instances eveni more. l'h~e season, froma present indications, is likely, after the failures from damming ope rations, to turn out quite profitable. AK AnMY OF WVO'IIE.-Paris papers contain accounts from Teheran, giving an ancount of the chief of the sect of tihe Bau bias at that capital. One of the dogmns of this sect was the social equality of man and woman, and its followers having taken up arms in defence of their creed, weore aided by a regiment of about one thottsand women, who are repreaentqd to have used their miuskets with very considerable ef feet in th engagemeontu which took place withjthe. ri y troops4 alhog ulimately overpowere.loti Corresponderucs of the Courier. \VAsmNOToN, Jan, 0, The census of Marvand, South-Cara ina, Kentucky, aol orn(by jwo other.$o ,il ern States, has been ,ettfaed togthe b reau. Maryland hasgainei about 12, inhabitants, since 184 fWiere i in it crea'e of only one thaousiotf in tf ' saiv; population. T'he whole populatiorvis 591.. 0(0. Estinates have been uado liete of the popurlai ion of every State, derived from the returns, so far ns they come in. The aggregate population is supposed to be 23 and half millions. The number ofReptesen. tatives in Congress-is fixed at .283. 8o; the ratio will be about ninety-five thousand. The Southern States will, according to this estimate, have eighty-six members, under the new appointment. Mr. Whitney explained, the other night. to a large audience, his Rail Road project. which is now before Congress. and has been recommended by the State Legislatures of twenty-oare :tate;. Ilia proposed route is from Lake alielagan. Prarie du Chien, and thence to the Sout hi Pass. Thence, ho follows the streams which furnish the wa ters of the Co un'umia river. The terminus of the road will be at Pugeti Sound. The whole distance is 2,3(( taoi.es. Every por. tion of the route is practicable, and no other route is. No road can be made to Cali fornia. Mountains and deserts render it impossible. The route from Memphis to San Diego, which has been talked of, is ut terly irnpracticable. Thie first 800 miles of Whitney's route is through r. prarie country, and one of the most fertile in the world. The lnnds on this portion of the route are to supply means for complet ing 1,600 of the road, one half of the dis. tance of the route lying through a poor country. lint after reaching tih ' head wa ters of the rivers which empty into the Pacific, the country agiain becomes fertile. Mr. Whitney asks from the Government, a belt of land sixty miles wide on the route of the road, from the sales of which lie proposes to build it. Upon the completion of the road, he is to give it to the Covern mnent, and pay, t,'side,, tent cents an acre for the land. Alr. Ib-nton's proposed route is the same. as Mr. Whitney's. Mr. Benton's bill pro. vides for appropriating lands on the road, and to pay any deliienicy out of the Trea snry. The pubbic leands, it is agreed, furn nab the only mreans lby which the Govern ment wi!l ever cou.: rtr:t the road, and they will, after a few vents, he squandored. Their proceeds -. il necer go into the Trek sury-and, if the routo is desirable, they might as well be appropriated to that. I doubt whether Congress will pass na.y bill an the subject at this session, but, nfter a year or two, the lands new relied upon as tle means of construct inag the road, wit have been given to the new States and 'Territoria's, or to at t unl sett lers. There is said to he a route for a fLbil Road from the 1 Atlantic to the 'dtritic, through the North, rn psse-ssions o:- Grnt Britain, and that lhe BritidhfC Got erranunt twill take up the enterprise.. VASlilNGTON, JAN'.7.,., In the IIouse, v'ester,lav, Mr. Julian dfTered to present a petitmeon trot a society af Frietls, in In diana, for the repeal of the fugit ye act, and sa.,trd thait ho should move its reference to a Committee, with irstauc. lions to bring in a hill for the repeal of tihe let. But the Ilusae refused le-ve by a very majority. Several petitions ona the. subject have bent presenttid. and will lay sin the lnble. There ini 'ng exciteomeont tho uah~tet ipoCongresw 'A bill was aka-i terdlay reported, ti exjit ithe'Tfine landl warrtmas. uinder the land boney netof the late so-saon. Fawe hautndred warrants a dala ought tot br. ioucd. TPhe tnmber of expectedl nppilicaitionsl for wyarrants, isa 250.00i0. At the leate session, a hill pwased the Sen. ate for a the estsa'.l hmaaent of a floard oft Co'ammraissainers to ascecrtaiai andt adjust clajtim s gainstr the Urnitedl States. Tfhe I louser., by% a very large miiajority,'yesteray rmsde it a siaeeah ora-ar for the 2'2d-of Jan uairy. It will not ago back to tho Senate. The buisiniess- of' the lte sesasiorn was takeni up sit tis, ait the sname stage at whtich it was Thae Poas~te hii .1 wi prrobaly be disposed of to-aey. Tie 'riends of' postal remorms will not neceptp. necy, re.hua tion, Atort of three cents. PTey wal tprefe'r to let tihe rates re tn ins thley ae, if lhey caninot get a re duction to thtr~e ace:sts. 'lThe F'r-nch Sbat i' n bill Itas been asde a spec: rer- ma the Senate, anmd it will probab lly pas:5. AMr. l~Rhet maeared y''sterday in the Sernate, and w.a s gul: tied, aind took his seait. Alr. .Al cmimn isa t d aie: speea'iirban Brad. hutry'sa re'sh tum.e, adhaeting Gen. Taylor for remnovim Gea. .'ane als Gotvernor of O)reg;an, an th-- groundea that Gien. 1.-ne had iitpnealhed lhs perronal hinor, int the con I roversy aboct thle condt dof te 2d Rtegi mnat ot I iedianii toluitee r-, at Buena Viasta WV.\SillNG;TON, JAN. 83. All the new. and! . ne ot the old &ates, ares applying for- Granis aof l'and fronm the Genetaral Govearmioen'c, andl get ti cim they probably wit!, t hroueagh then hog rolhlng sys temf. .Mr. Valee ad m horlue a hell to-day, nmr a granat aofc alen.e sec-t pms oft land to Floralat, mt au .1 t tie c'onstructaion of a Rail Ruoad tromii the. Atlcantne to the Gulhf of Alexico 'PThe projecats for builading mail sand war steamcears are al so numtaerous, and it is knw u ttvixh at ihei Caamanittee of Naval A fl~urs of t hae I touse, we I report a bill tpro vidarng for :ia' contrac t wahi ThIomaptson, of Phliladelph i, for a aune aof mtiel packets to r'un fromnt S-a atFrr a't to Shtmag-hiai, by thec way iof the' Sandwva h Islands. It as a matter of graive consuclerat ton, whtethaer these~C( Gove'rnmtent jirojecat's dot ntot interfere with, atnd re::a d pr~.av ta i ommeil enter prise. WVe see t hat adtring the last year, some thtirty' oceaan ste-amers have been paut otn t Ice stto'k s iact beenOi 'otapleted-, tor the p ur- pose ort torein' 'elan -ree. Mr. (lC adle'r, of I 'In clae!phita, on the pcart of hi im erl f an etnato Whtig cotlleaues, expalamead ye'ste rday t hat thieir votes Icor Mr. Jtuli-mn'a praop'a~iata, were ~ ean ir respe-t to tthe right af pens iiin. ~alr...ahican ins.stedl that the .101ourn aati hub tbe sao aimndetd, as to shmow thait lhe purp'aose was to) ref'er the petitiona, wvithI inastainc'tion's to report a hill for the repecal ot the Fuegitiv'e Act, buit hais mlotionr so ctonaln the~ .lourntal was laid on tte tabtle. Milr. .1ul anis wel lhed to force mtenmbers to vtei foir air agin~iist repeal. The contecstedt Naew-ilnampshaire election occieditt the I louie yestaerdlay. The case presenits somtne nie w ,~istons. Cain a State alter a dli1ctriet st sa sto adda i county to1 it, the pecop~' of, whtich caumnty1 lada voted for a Reparesenita;v a'a a~ pireviouis etection for the presenit (Conagriess! lhsaos- such attera tion ja inalat thle t.ection! These scenm ed to bie iprtitc~oans. TJhere wtas a cnaat inuied discua'tssion ini tla Senate, ona Mr. llr~dadry's rdsohition, ol ing fair the reaisois ofi r'moavala tromt oliro hay Genoeal TI'aylor. Mr. Ewing tiado a stronlg airgumnait in vinidicrahon of a ro mnovail, by General Taiylor, of Col., $W$P*r aind Gen. LaneO. hie ch'arat-trrlzed' eb Lano's yng as boldI,- imposl'g1 nn -~vaI ric. Hlalf of the same courag~e na~o~ Vista t',utn1d have arcde htim a et. Mat-buler,' r.rp ' b s4p9 Iil tb'rati3 retty highly. It the lutlop h eft, when . "fored G Taylbr obably, he uiid, lave ta sword i ie uld have given reason in ti tse, et prominent caer for. re: movinls, pc. ft of party -vtewS. reasons in by Mr. Ewing were, inter Me ions by official incumbent, and 11 e r Id and reck lestA slanders o Gen. ray lor's public andprivate charactr during the presidential canva. But he denied that Gon. ''aylor'tri tenved men o, ti iere ground of patty predetteions and he utterly condeumed the practiceof paif' proscription. Paino's new method of producing Ji btu beat, andlif t rd - is still too much mystery about t he matter to entitle it to credit. The Union party, so,ca~Jed-t qf?, orgartizaition of Northern stren t -- all ing..bclow.pr :eru. ,'ileg.pJ parties.spai nost of the old party leaders, are j-n'i new organizations. wherehv, prasibly,00o ernment patronage may Le icd into .nevi.. channels. Correspondence of the News.: In the Senate to-day, contrary to get expectation, the Cnnuiittee to .whom; been referred the house bill, making bonn'v 'u~nd warrants .assignable repor it back with a rec'ommttendfatioin tlipt it d~. not pass. This, however, by no mean i de: cides the fate of the neasure, as it may be carried. The reqplution of-Mr.-Bradbury, relative to removals from office, was then taken up,., and Mr. Ewing occupied some hours chiefly.. upon the causes which led to the removal of Col. Weller and Gnn.e Lane. He-de. flared that the' euses of the removal of. Vol. Weller, were his being a defaulter and habitually intemperate. As for Gen, Lane, be was removed owing to complaints against him while dischartring the duties of Commissioner of Indian AtThirs, and in im-.: tting falsehoorl and inf.irncss to Gen. I'aylor in regard to the Ir:d;ana Volunteers it Buena Vista. After come brief remarks from Messrs.r lass and Downs, the subject wa postponed. In the House a coniisidrable time was oc mtpied-by.a..rather. artuotinus teiate, on a, notion by Mr. Julhn, so to amend the journ-' el as to'phow.thet when he presented the nemnorial of the Society of fr:ends for the epeal of the Fugitive Ahre law yesterday, 1d moved a reference ,of- the suibject ,t.i a ornmittee with hiatrurtiorns to report a bill or the repeal of the iw .Finally the i.on to annul was negatived-by a:large 1ma ority. Mr. Julian then made a desperate ctThrt n deliver a speech ci a mo :: to r.consid. ir the vote just. taken, but hr' wa., decided rut of order. iiintcl'as there can .bt, ino hbate on-uch motions relative to theru [luring the alTair, the Free Soilers >umping up and down like the kreyso iiana, but there was a very general- i1aj ition to check their tiiting.enduamrn The reuma-nder of the.dar ws0 deok t.v to he conltderitiontt of the New lii. apsure 'onIusted eeCtion ue, cte ..it of. Cr.. ilorrison eing conteted bl'lr Perkins. fr. tSeward still ek a up Jni visitn to )eaF~rces tare km e 9j i .no. mightI -sup, osrtto be one ti V Fitieo' wvaru fln New Yot, .&ew tir ) Lha tacheod tat the h gpetv-p~~~ ~ oe. t'he appellation .. "iw iver gr The11 tariff ma tare stillI*i.M (, and1( trom rertain unrmist;,heale indient oi~s it is ert. dent that thjereavill lie no zninerail revis iona or the system~ at t he preent sessoin Least eveningr the lirst Auennhty Bl c ame otl'at .lacksont Ihiil, t h r we B tlc ata beitng live dolkira. TIhere was a larg(e :stherinatand nio lack' n. thie air sex.~ One could alnenst -imnagine bimelf trausported. imto a Miabuiornt p;rod. i' I;h~e lidies would ahvays w.car .thi.r till r om smtose what a happy we rh this w.1al lbe I Btf when these fair young mraiens iet nai.r ried,- 'ndh pnt off the "inmgel"' no lav on~ the rod upion sagnal~ntchildr,e, bushaend. are alpt toi think there are ny hnsi life. nycngst~ The Secretary of thn inteoror in stealini4 a march uapo~inmerrbers f Conrgreaas, by pnttogi in a scotre of ex' a cle(r ks wi:thdut: aiuthioritv, has miortal y oiTen. d ilhoewh n ere in wavttir for the :-;jot:nPt of their fr ends. He clzm-, how4ever, a ce'rtain d seret ionary power, wvthih he' savs is lodged ira him ao to do. llut. dt~ iulke ot it is, that with all thi~ extre f1 n ot asinigle ho'otty land wa.rr an't un r- :khte law has yet been issuaed. It is (Jpen declaredl that a plan is on foot, it wh wh AMr. Mt :tart is at the head, to repeal the law. Bunt this would be a danagersotnsti noemet for the strongest. pothiticitan, for he would ise anatlimmt~zed fmrt mne itnd ot the coun: r to t he othier, inasmuch as the cdavnants untder it. are men of all parises. GFNx lloLr oN.-Tihis TPexiana ernm dava since pa1ssed throutghl ourm tiwn on his way to WVrahinginun. At thin li .. el whiere he stopped, tstopprd ;.iso anotiher Tlexian, a. Mr. Ormnondl, they happenorg to tmeet here, Omnond was one of th 'ce s id inastanced which weo so often see of ratetnt, ruined by the too freqttet glas.s. I le Wta right goinct up tnt Iloustoni, had ng him ternly in thin face, remnarked. 'And I n are Ueni. lounston " Yes. -'Weil <ir, I' warni to know what right vou head to gi-e away so mutuh of the land of Tlexas to the AbhI'adonistar.e WVe did nt hear the (rai'js ainswea, but it mshon Id hiav e bieeonir of ,bio manr who stole fromt hist tr etnd to g.ve to his en emy. Meni who were in-iormted on the stubje'ct saw the impaost:oa nui ted aginst -bit. the mas oif the pen~~U of 'I exam wvere gulled bty their ordenr seeking Repre adan!a;ves, atnd voted awap their owni prop ertyv.-Camden Journal. FraT1. 16:Nc-oN-ur at We learn from a private detspiatch, Hav hme Navanniah Re-. publican at thce 7th'inest , that a dhfliculty occurred in Macott, Sundlav Evenaing, be.. which restulted in thmqeah of thse fornmer. This5 diispatch saysie KN uh.lt made soime Insinuations ahsiurt~i il etent of fluikkes, who wais a canldate at theo.trnunicipal elec. tiona tin Saturday, ichd ,piroduuced harsh wtordj betwteen i t; al n! Hurl strtek hi stnsite h11 byr u-thei t irotw tie utos. Mr. Hughtes is the .vorsrn wvho Went tn Boston itt quest pf the $liggrives, arnd Mr. Knight it the brother of the~ ine vhio af. comnpianied him .A ,StNGULrt -CURr..---a he af Ter fi ecr lull that arrived Irrfh, NoW0 Oc %n rWe n*sd~ ,- therwjvro 'see C1ifnrni canse was d.isideri~411, gos enCapt, Miu r 6pr case he died 4%$15ftkcidhg' taa' he ad naiiis' *4Irtus kr "r which ac ted AS: jte (iv. . .ptr* Cr