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% r. ... ? > - A;- * '-. THE CAMDEN JOURNAL. ?? ????? ????????? VOL.9. CAMDEN, SOUTH CAROLINA, DECEMBER 6, 1848. - NUMBER49;; 1 * ? - ' j _r PUBLISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY MORNING BYTHOMAS W. PEGU E S . TERMS. Three Dollar* per annum in advance. Three Dollars and Filly Cent* within si* months, or Four Dollars at the expiration of the year. Advertisements inserted at 75 cent* per square, (fourteen nes or less,) for the first and half that sum for each subsequent insertion. The number of insertions to be noted on all advertisements, or they will be published until ordered to be discontinued, and charged accordingly. One Dollar per square for a single insertion. Quarterly and Monthly advertisements will be charged the same as single insertion, and Semi-monthly the same as new ones | For publishing Citations as the law directs three doilars | will be charged. AH Obituary Notice* exceeding 8ix tines, unit i omnium cation* recommending Candidate* for public offices of profit or trust?or puffing Exhibitions will do charged as advertisement*. Aid letter* by mail must be post paid to insure a puncuta atteniun. TO CLUBS. In order to place the Journal within the reach o( all. we offer the following reduced rates to Clubs of new subscribers? payment to be made at the timeof subscribing. For 1 copies for one year, $10 09 For 8 copies for one year, 14 00 For 8 copies for one year, 18 00 For 10 copies for one year, 21 00 For 12 copies for one year, 24 00 Any one ot our present subscribers will be considered as one of either of the above clubs, by obtaining a sufficient number of tieir subscribers to ^ make up with himself, the 4, 6, 8, 10, or 1'2. Ordinary*^ Notice. Whereas, no Aduiinisiration on the Estate of Emanuel Rush, late of K* rshaw District, deceased has applied for, in pursuance of the Act of Assembly, 1 have taken posesion of the poods and chattels, rights and credits of the said Estate as derelecl. All persons indebted to the said estate are required to pay the same over to me, and those haviug demands against the estate will present them to me duly attested for payment. Sept. 13.1848. JOlhN R. JOY, O. K. D. Ordinary's Notice. Whereas, no administration on the estate of Ja cob Hammond, late of Kershaw District, deceased has applied for, in pursuance of the Act of Assembly, I have taken possession of the goods and chattels, rights and credits of the said estate as derelict. All persons indebted to the said estate are required to pay uie fame owi iu mc, mm ...v.-,. baving demands against the estate will present thern to me duly attested for payment. June 21. J. R. JOV, 0. K. I). Ordinary'* .tTotiee. Whereas, no administration (dc bonis non) on the estate of AnnGilman, late of Kershaw Pis trkt, deceased, has been applied for. I have taken i possession of the goods and chattels, rights ai d credits of the said estate. All persons indebted to the estate are required to pav the same ver to me; those having demands against the estate will hand them in duly attested, to me for payment, may 17. J. R. JOV, O. K. D. Ordinary's Notice. "Yhcreas no application has been made for Ad| mintitration upon the goods and effects of R. IWilw*, dee'd. 1 have taken possession of them as Perelic, nd hereby give notice to all persons indebted to said Kstate. to come and make immediate payment, and those having demands against the same, to present them to me duly attested, J. R. JOV, o. k. n. , Camden, May 26, 1S43. 22_ tf Notice* Whereas no person has applied u. me for letters of administration Upon the goods and cltattles of the late E X. Clark son. I Imve taken possession of the same a* dendect nnd theft-fore give notice to tin we indebted to make pay. - ? ? - ? J .1 nrnvi-nt thorn lllCflV IU mr, Aim UllTC UUMUZ UVIIMmu^ r' d uljr attested. JOHN R. JOY, o. k. d. November 8, 1348. 43 tf Xotice. Wherra*. nopebwn ha* applied to me for letters of ad- i ministration debunk oon op<m the Estate of John Hoar, I fiirmerly ofCharlMM Distriet. J nave taken pos*e-vion of the name, with tire Will annexed aid therefore give no- i tiee loall wh? may be indebted to said Estate t" make payktnent to ?e. and if any demands to present them to mc duly attested. JOHN K. JOY. o. k. d. ' November 8, 1918. 43 if In Ordinary. LANCASTER DISTRICT* John Isom, Applicant, vs. Rebecca leorn, (will, ow*) William Isom, Sally (conn Henry Clark and wife Polly* John Clttrk and wife Nancy, Sally fan in, James 1-om* Sally Crowder Elisabeth Cftnvder, and the children of Betsey Best, deceased, Defendants. Real Estate of Win. Isom, deceased. It appearing to my satisfaction that KebotVa Isom and the children of Betsey Best, decM. Defendants reside without the limits of this State; It r is therefore ordered. That they do appe. r and <>bject to the sale or division of the Real Estate of William Isom, dee'd on or before the 13th day of ~ - - ? - ;li * December, 1948, or their consent to me same win be entered of record. r J. H. WITHERSPOON, O. L D. > sept. 8,1849. 187] 3m Sonth Carol!na?Kershaw Dist. IN THE COURT OF ORDINARY. Ica&c D. Trent, and Mary B. Trent, Applicants, vs. Wm. IL Trent and other*. It &ppearini( to my satisfaction that Wilintn H. Trent, one of the defendant* in the above care, reside* beyond the lim it* of thin State: It is therefore ordered that tfie said William II Trent, do appear and object to tlus sale of the personal Estate of Martha L. Trent, on or before the first day of December next, or hi* consent to the same will he entered of record. J. K. JOV, O. K. D. p Aug. 28,1848. ($5 63) 83 3m Synth Cnryliin-K'jrth.iw District. IN EQUITY. Charles L. Dye, Adm'r of Elizabeth Turley, ev. Benjamin Williams, Frances Battle, Bartlett Batt'e, Eliza Williams. Lowry, daughter Elizabeth Lowry. Bill for Reviver and Supplement. It appearing to my satisfaction that Frances Battle, Bartlett Battle, Eliza Williams, Lowry, a daughter of Elizabeth I/mry, part of the Dem /endants in the case stated above, arc, and reside J beyond the limits of this State : It is ordered that LtM eaia weienuuii'.a pitnu, nunnci w? UGIIIU, klllr. . and to the original Bill within three months from the publication of this order, or the same will be taken proconfesso against them. f WM. M. SHANNON, c. e. k d. Comr's Office, Sept. 4,1848. 36 3in Gunny Bagging. <Gunny Ba?ging, Kentucky Bale Rope and Twine just received an for sale bv Sept 6. (86 tf) E. W. BONNE V. arpetings Printed Floor cloths and Rugs, just opened ana for sale by E. VV. BONNEY. Sept. 6. 36 tf ?? f Fresh Arrivals. The subscriber is receiving and opening a large and varied stork of Fall and Winter Goods, consisting of Dry Goods of every description; Hardware., Groceries and Crockery, which will be sold for cash or punctual custom* r, an low an tn*y can be hrd in this market C. MATilKSON. October 4tb, 184R 40 tf For Sale, Two Philadelphia made GINS, to be seen at C.MATHESON'S. September 6 3ft L To Rent. Some half dozen Dwelling Houses and about half tc many Store Houses. Apply to Oct I?. lOHtT WORKMAN. SEW GOODS. GREATER BARGAINS TIIAN EVER, AT THE CHEAP STORE, 0c7"opposite tf1k post ofcice<? The subscribers bep leave to call ihe attention of all who wish to ?et a LAKlifci UUA1M11 1 KJr UUULU5, wi'h a A SMALL AMOUNT OF MONEY, To the IMPORTANT FACT, That they have returned to Camden with a large and fresh supply of Dry Goods, Clothing Boots and Shoes. GROCERIES, HARDWARE, &c. Embracing almost everv article usually found in a WELL ASSORTED STOCK. Which they have now open, ready for inspection and sale one door above their old stand, OPPOSITE THE POST OFFICE, and they are de'ermined to sell the same so cheap, that all icho trish to buy, have only to call to satisfy themselves that they t\lAWOT CHEAPER. Thankful for the liberal patronage they received last season, they solicit a call from all who want cheap Goods. ELIAS & KOOPMAX. Oct. ?5. 41 tf NEW CASI1 STORE. The citizens of Kershaw and the adjoining dietricts are respectfully informed that the subscriber has opened the store formerly occupied by Mr H. Levy, and is now receiving a large and carefully selected stock, consisting of 0QQ[DS> Hardware, (-rockery and Groceries, All of which he offers FOR CASH, at such prices as must command the attention of purchasers. Tim ftillnwincr are a few of the articles, w hich lie can confident-'y recommend as being unsurpassed for cheapness and elegance? Ladies' Department. 6-4 Brocalc Cashmeres, with Fancy Silk Cravats, ijr. Trimmings to match Kid. cashmere <fc silk Gloves Rich Plaid Cashmeres A full assortment of Hosiery Newest styses printed do Linen-cambric Hd'k'fs* Chainclion Cashmeres Hemstitch and Roviero do Trafalgar Plaids r rench Needle Work, very Katin striped Cashmeres cheap, comprising. Fancy M. DeLuincs, newdc-(Muelin Collars, at all prices signs [Straight do newest shapes Satin striped Alpacas | elegantly trimmed Black and colored do iChemisetts. plain and trlm'd. Finest Earleston Ginghams '.Muslin Culls Changeable French Jo Swiss and Jaconet Edgings Fancy check do. in great va- do do Inserting* ricty Lace Capes and Collars Shaw ls, suitable for the sea- An assortment of Zeplt. Wool son?amongst them are. j do do Floss Silk " Lainartine," " California.'' Plain and shaded Purse Silk and "Mexican"8-4 Shawls Fashionable Bonnets 8-4 printed Cashmere do Bonnet ami Cap Ribbons Small Shawls every dcscrip- Thread and Lisle. La ecu, &c tion ALSO A very large and varied assortment of fresh Winter Calicoes, American, French and English, fast colors, bought unusually low, and offered at prices that cannot fail to recommend them, including a variety ?.( 4-4 F'ench printed Cambrics. Gentlemen's Department. Black Broadcloth j Black Satin Vesting* do French Doeskins I Plain blk- cravats and stocks do French and English!Fancy Ciavals Cassimere* (Silk Pocket Handkerchiefs Fancy ?tri{jed and check do ; Cot ion halt Hose, ut all prices M'xt all woril Tweed* * iMerino Stilrls and Drawers "Rough and Ready" Cassi-|Cotton do do meres 'Fashionable Fur and .MoleA'attinctts, plain and fancy skin Hats Plantation MulF, assorted Satin, cloth and fur Caps Fancy Cashmere and Valen- Boy's cloth Caps, new style cia Vesting* READV-MADE CLOTHING. Tweed Coats, at all prices |Black Satin Vests ('loth do I do cloth do Black Dross and Frock do I Fancy cashmere do Overcoats, assorted | Plaid do assorted Al' /resh Iron, the North, well made ami fashionably cut. Also, a superior s:ot k of re <ly made Shirts, together with a general assortment of such articles as are usually found in a country store, all of which will be iiiaiked low, and offeied to the public as a specimen of the Cash System. JAMES WILSON. Oct. 31. 44 if UliW 1MLL GOODS. The subscribers arc now receiving and oppning their stock of f;?tcy and staple Goods, to which they respectfully invite the attention of their friends and the public generally, as they will be sold low tor cash. The/ consist in part of Alpaccas 'Fancy Prints CftsiimertR j English do Monslin Delaines | Brown and bleached ShirtOinghams ines Red and White Flannels |?hnwN and Handkdrcliiefs Canton do Blankets Apron Checks Hose and Half IIosc Bed Tick Glover, Mitts. Ac. Ac. Plain and striped Homespuns ? A bsn An invoice of Ready-made Clothing Dundee and Kentucky Bagging, Rope and Twine An assortment of ladies'and gentlemen's Shoes i ivegro ana no .Fe servant ?? o-iu?n Wiih a general assortment of Hardware, Glass and Crockery ware, and Groceiies, Liverpool Salt. For sale by GEO. S. DOUGLAS if- CO. Oct. 31 44 tf Medical and surgical Notice. The undersigned respectfully inform the citizens of Kershaw and the surrounding districts that they have instituted in Camden an Infirmary for chronic disease, where patients u ill be received on the following tern e?for medical treatment, including diet, if-c., GO cents per day; where operations are required, the usual fee will he an additional charge. Patients will be under the const; nt supervision of the proprietors, and every provision mad' for their comfort. Tl e -:bove establishment offers to Planters who may have cases of chronic disease on their plantations. advantage^ not obtained by the ordinary mode of practice, as it insures systematic treatment and regimen, desiderata often indispensable to success in the treatment of disease. W. J. McKAl.V, M. D. C. J. SHANNON, M. I). Oct.JS. -L2 tf Camden Hotel. This valuable establishment now occupied by B. i P. Bovp Esq, is offered for sale on accommodating ! terms. The building in its arrangement and adap- | alien for a Hotel, is i ot surpassed by any in the the J interior of the .S'late and its contiguity to the public 1 i>~:Iianiii iiitik iii it? nrlvantao-es. unices .mil n..iin?<iu ..?. ? .... 0_ To any person disj osed to engage in keeping a Hole! ! a more favorable opportunity could scarcely be of. fered for a profitable investment If not previously sold, it will lie rented to an approved tenant and possession given on the 1st Jan'rv next. Nov. H. C. J. SHANNON. Patey's Cold Cream, A superior preparation for ladies that are annoyed with chapped faces, lips or hands, at this season of the year, removing the annoyance at once, and rendering the skin soft and smooth. A new supply just received at CLEVELAND'S. Children's Zephyr Dresses. The subscribers have just received from the manufacturers in Philadelphia, an assortment of the above which they will sell low. Ncrv. 1& Mc DO WALL f COOPER. GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE. Executive Department, j Columbia, 29lh Nov. 1848. ) To the Honorable the Speaker and Members of the House of Representatives: Gentlemen : Having in your recent Session been confined to the discbarge of a par ticular duty, you have convened here now at tlie time appointed by the Constitution, for the purposes of general legislation, and I cannot too deeply impress on you the importance of ibis duty. The right of the citizenstoselect their lawgivers from amongst themselves, is amongst the brightest and most cherished features in the structure of Representative Governments. The Representative best knows the wants, necessites and opinions of his constituents and his fidelity and vigilance is secured by the fact, that "he himsclfis governed by, and subjected to the same laws which he ordains for them. But his obligations to his immediate constituents, are not the only responsibilities which he incurs?they are but members of a large community, and their particular interest will be best promoted by consult.ng the general interest; and in discharge of the sacred duty of legislator he is responsible to the community at large. In the dischaige of the duties assigned to me by the Constitution, I shall now, and from time to time, endeavor to put you in possession of any information 1 possess, or may obtain of the condition, and recommend such measures as, in my judgement, will best promote the general interest of the State, And you will unite with me in imploring Almighty Wisdom, to aid and direct us in the discharge ol our respective duties, so that whatever we may do; shall promote the happiness and prosperity of our beloved State. The Report of the Comp* roller General will put you in possession of the condition of the Finances of the State. Without entering into the details which will be found in the Repoitthe result shows that the ordinary revenues nl the State, exelusive of the profits of the Bank of the State, and dividends in the Stock owned bv the State, in the South Western Rail Road Bank amounting together to the sum of $108,000, which has been carried to the credit of the Sinking Fund, are in such a condition as to render it unnecessary to increase the public k....| Iiimis n maaenro nl oil llfllPC ITltlr-h to hf> deprecated, and especially when, as now, the unusually low prices of our staples would render it burthensome to the citizens at large. The Bank of the State has a very important agency in the management of its fiscal concerns. Great doubts were fell about the propriety of establishing it, when it was originally chartered in eighteen hundred twelve; and nothing but what was supposed absolute necessity, could even then make it acceptable. It will be recollected that it was during the war with Great Britain, declared in Jm e preceding, which entirely cut off our commerce with Europe; the pecuniary resources of the conntry having been completely drained by the preceding embargo and n< n-iiitercotusc; and with a fruitful sod, untiring labor, and abundant productions without a market, even the wealthy Planter, content to forego the luxuries which use had rendered in some degree necessary, found it difficult to meet the demands upon him, for the taxes and other dues to the Government. The State then had in hand some cash, and owned stocks a> d other productive securities to a considerable amount, and it was thought those would be more benefit ally employed in reducing them to cash, and lending it to the citizens on real and personal security, to relieve their neces Mtics. A L#oan Utticc lor ttus purpose was at first contemplated, hut it wa? thought thai hanking powers and privileges would greatly facilitate its operations, an I hence the charier of the Rank of the Stale, in the form of which we find it. From that time to this, distrust and douhts about the faithful administration of its affairs have pervaded some portions of the State, and 1 might add, all portions of it in a greater or less degrceand the pro, riely of closing it, and winding up its concerns, lias been suggested. Danger of indiscretion, the want of fidelity in its officers, and m the partiality of its favors, when managed by persons having no immediate interest in its results, are mainly relied on m support of this proposition. I have felt the full force of these arguments, and if it was now first proposed to establish a bank with the usual powers on account of the State, and based on its capital I should unhesitatingly oppose my dissent to it. There is danger thai persons having no immediate interest in it, would not exer cise the same prudence and circumspection, in the management of it, that they would do m their own concerns?that they might indulge in personal partialities, at the expense of ihe Rank, and that they might prostitute it to political party supposes. There is yet another objection, which strikes mc as more imposing. But for the expectation of realizing profi s at the expense of its customers, such a thing as a hank would never have been heard of. It is cn<>ugh that the citizen has contributed his proper proportion towards the common burthens, and the State ought not to accept more at his hand. It may be said, that il there was no Rank of the State, he might find accommodation at other Ranks on the same terms, and the result to him would be the same, and that ilie State had the right to share the profits of banking. A sovereign Stale, whose duly it is by I 1-1-. ..Iin,i.<li mirl every KH9XSIUIU IIIUilllS III Uiuinn (una iate, ought not willingly to put itself in the position of a relentless creditor towards the citizen, without winch no Bink could sustain itself. That however is not now the question. Would it be wise and prudent to cl??se the Bank anil wind up its concerns at this time? There are very many reasons why. in my judgement, this would be inexpedient. 1 will notice a few only whieh strike me nt entirely satisfactory. According to the re port fit the (' omptroller General, the liabilit es of the Bank of all sorts amount to and the citizens of lite Slate, if not the sole, are the principal debtors. The credit system is unhappily so interwoven vviih our habits of business, that even the severe lessons that we have been taught from time to time bv the s iddcn depressions in the price of our staples, and ?he consequent derangement in all of our productive pursuits, have not been enabled to correct it. We are therefore now, in consequence of the low price of our productions, in the midst of one of i hose revulsions of commerce which in vitablv brings with it a scarcity of circulating medium, and an increased demand lor it. Ciose the Bank now, and stop its 1 issues, and at least one source <>f supply is cut off. Voluntary payments to the Batik, antl every debtor that has the means would be disposed to gel rid of that responsibility, would to that extent diminish the circulations; and to force collections, wait Id be productive of incalculable distress to the community. There is anoihrremisidration of equal, if not greater importance. The capital stock and the profits of ihe Bank, are solemnly pledged on the faith of the State for every (foliar she has borrowed, from the year 1820 down to this time. The art of 1838, authorizing w: at is called the fire loan of two million of dollars, (2.000,000.) which is amongst the last, makes the same pledges, rind the evidence spread on your journals, shows thai ihe agent who affected this loan, and the purchasers of the stock, had regard to them, in the negotiation for the loan. The character of the Bank i'solf is involved in these pledges?her neglect to fulfill them, would involve her in disgrace, and compel her to shut her doors. It is therefore reasonable to suppose, that it facilitated the negotiation, and increased the appreciation of the stock. I can add nothing to what has been said in the report of the Committee of the Senate, at the session in December, 1846, to show that closing the Bank now, and thus cutting off the profits, would violate these pledges, and he an act of mala jides?and the worse that iho creditor is wunom redress. The Ban!; is the mere creature of ihe Siale, which mav dispose of its funds as might he thought fit. She is not liable to suit, and the only security which the creditor would have, would he the faith of the Slate already violated. It is true, that by shutting up the Bank, and calling in the debts due to it, means might be provided for the payment of the public deb\ But the fact of cutting n|f this secur.ty for its payment, would inevitably materially affect the price of the stocks, and operate injuriously to the holders?a consequence which 1 am sure every citizen ofthe State would deprecate. It may be asked, if this institution is to be perpetrated and riveted upon our posterity for all lime to come? 1 hope not. The fmic may, and I hope will comc. when it will j he wise ai d prudent to close it forever. But ' 1 would n<>t have the State violate its solemn pledges, and do wrong to its creditors, even at the risk (if the dangers to which I believe it would be exposed, in the hands of unworthy and dishonest agents. We have little to apprehen I from this source, if pust experience is any evidence of what we may expect in the future. The Bank has now been in operation for thirty-five years, and during all that liine it has been the depository of all tlic public trca-urc; and if there has been any <inc>| its numerous and frequently cnangmg officers (including tlie brandies) wanting ilie honesty and fidelity, any instance of indulging personal partiality at the expense of the Bank, or the prostitution of its means for un worthy purposes I have not seen the evidence j of it. Losses have occurred, and they are i inevitable in all institutions of the kind; but ; the annual reports of the Bank show that at least reasonable profits have been realized; and for the time to come, during which we must submit to what i regard as an evil, the Legislature is called on b) every consideration of policy and interest, to keep at the head of the institution, as heretofore, able, h mest, and faithful agents. When the pledges on the part of the Bank have been redeemed, it would be wise t ? close Us doors j forever, and call in its credits in such rcasI unable annual sums, as the community can | bear. And I would on that account, carj ne?tly recommend that there should not be I any other pledges involving the capital or i i*. r.u? ii.,?t, if ||W>V, nrn renuired pmillS III lliU Utllm. ...... J fur these, or any other purposes, they are under ilie control of the Slate. The increasing prosperity and usefulness of the South Carolina t ollcgr.. is so much a matter of pride, that the aticntinn of every j one is constantly directed towards it; and 1 can add but little to what is generally known of its present condition. And under a wise, consistent, and mild, hut firm and uniform government, the parts all harmonize, and order reign within its wall, and emulation amongst students; and an increased ambition to acquire knowledge are the necessary fruits. The extensive additional accommodations for the students, projected by the Hoard of Trustees at its last annual meeting, have by i the liberal mean< provided by the Legislature at its last annual Session, been completed in a manner that adds greatly to (he effect and beauty of tho College Buildings, and yet there is no room to spare. The students number now two hundred and fill>five, including the graduating class; which is thirty-eight in number; but it is probable that their places will be supplied by the formation ?ifn now Fresh nan class. Virginia North Carolina, Tennessee, Georgia, Ala hama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas, til j have representatives amongst the students 1 and it is not an unreasonable an ieipatiot ' that the lights <>f science and literature etna 1 nating from this cherished institution, will be 1 seen throughout the entire extent of tin southern portion of our confederacy. 1 may, and the tune may even now have ar ' rived, when it will he indispensably neeessa i ry to cn'arge the usefulness of the Cnllcgo hj ' providing for instruction in somo branche, of*!he sciences and literature that are not < now taught in it. Tut the subject belongs t rn >re appropriately to the Board of Trustees, ] to w h >sc hands it has been wisely confi Jed. ? and there I willingly leave it. t ls!:ould be gratified to present you with I an equally flattering account of the condi- < lion of our free School i. Defective in the t frame work of their original structure, they i have dragged on a wretched existence, i if, indeed, they can be said to exist at all, t down to this day, at an immense cost, with- i out any apparent benefits, except in the i towns and cities, where, from the denscness I of the population, the funds appropriated for f titer support can lie concentrated so as to r 1 ' n /VI. ? i'oor t ho q| . J t maKC us influence ten; year unci . tenlion of the legislature has been called to s this subject bv mv predecessors in office; and again and again legislative committees have v been directed to examine into their condi t lion; and whilst all concede nndrxp-isethe t defective operation of the svstem, no mca. t suros have been taken towards its improve- s met;!. The will to do it is certamiv not I wanting, for it is a subject in which every t individual has an interest; and I can only t account for the apparent apathy, by suppos- r ing that no one knows or has the means of l knowing what is wanted to carry in into p successful operation, within the means ap- t propriated to that subject. The defects of I the system were earlv seen, and having lie- \ stowed some attention to it for many years i past, and with opportunities of information s accessible to few (f mean a personal knowl p edge of the localities and population of every v portion of the State.)! am utterly unable to i; suggest any impiovemerit likely to produce a results corresponding in any reasonably pro- c portion to the very large sum annually ex- p pendtid in their support. The local boards of Commissioners cannot be relied on for the t necessary information, as they act without s concert or uniformity of system: .and I sug- s gested to the Legislature at its last session i the propriety of appointing a suitable agent, r whose duly it should be to visit every por- r tion of the Stale in detail, charged especial- i !y with collecting all the information he I could obtain from the local hoards, and in- c lelligent individuals; and to propose a plan t suited to the occasion. Whatever plan may i be devised, 1 am very confident that it will c bo found that there will he a great dcftcicn* * ev of competent instructors even in the pri- | r niary departments of an English erluc .lion I It is possible that there will be found in etc- I ry district, a few young persons of both sexes t who would, for the purpose of acquiring a | suitable education, Iree of expense, oblige i themselves, when qualified, to devote a few < years to the instruc'imi of children, for a [ reasonable compensation; and as a starting s point in the improvement of the system, 1 i would recommend that the boards of com- j missioners of the several districts lie required i by law to inquire for, and select from those i offering, a certain number who woul I be i willing to accept these terms, and to | lace < them at suitable schools; the expenses of ( tuition and subsistence to be provided for out of the common Irej school fund before | it is distributed amongst the distr cis, or in < such other way as you may see fit to pre- * scribe. i In connection with this subject, I take i great pleasure in laying before you a coin- I mnnicaiioii from the Itov. Dr. Curtis and ( Son, Principals of the Female High School, at Limestone Springs, and of Mr. h W. Hudson, Principal of the Mount Zion Acad- ( emv, at Winnsborough, which contains the liberal and patrioiie proposition to receive, 1 in furtherance of any general plan that may be adopted to make the free sehools uselul, any number of pupils: < ne of females, and 1 the other of males, not exceeding twelve - 1 r- - r t'/.f in.triicl inn. to I | eacu, ueu ui hiiv ciiui^<; ....... . . ; be educated lor teachers. It is generally known, that these institutions rank amongst the most respectable in the State; and my own observation enables me to state that the . government, discipline, and success in instruction, will rank with any other of the same description in the Slate; and 1 would recommend earnestly, that at least this int. tiatory step be promptly taken towards the improvement of the free school system.? Oilier schools, entitled to equal confidence, will doubtless be ambitious t > follow this laudable example; and provision ought to be made for such a contingency. 1 invite your attention more particularly to this communication, as containing some useful and practical inhumation on ihe subject of normal schools. The i iiadcl Academy at Charleston, and the Arsenal Academy here, will furnish ap propriate means of normal instruct on in many of the most useful departments of science, and the South Carolina College the means of an < duration in the highest depart..rnm| literature. IIICIIO I'l O" IV. I lU u .. In my first Message to tlic Legislature at its la t annual session, 1 took occasion to bring to their notice the subject o| Internal Improvements, and as no action was then had upon it, 1 lake the liberty of presenting i it to you in the hope that it will receive your * early attention. For my general views on the subject I refer von to that message; hut at the expense of some 'repet t:ou 1 will state some fads which, in my judgement, ; desertc especial consideration. All who are familiar with the upper portions of the State know thai few, if any of its productions . will hear the expense ul transportation by i the ordinary means to a market and leave i nnv profits to the producer, except the article of cotton which is not grown at all in tile region bordering the mountains; and even . that, at the present low prices leaves hut a | small nctt income when the charges of transportation an? deducted. All descriptions of i grain may he transported to our markets . liom any of the Northern cit es at a less ex. . pense than from the mountain region, where I- f . 't is grown in abundance; ana, wun laumies I of transportation, mi^ht and would be in. creased to almost any extent. Lime, which . is found in abundance in York and Spartan j burg District of superior quality, is shut out 3! even front the market in this place, on ao. lount or tne ditlerence in me ^expenses 01 transportation, by the Thomaston lime.?Pur ihe same reason our great marls, are closed against the iron produced in the inte. Pirvr a n/l i hov nro sunnlied from Rumoe and """ " "J rI n T p-.r-,he northern state*. the same remarks ivill apply to almost every article of produe. ion, the transportation of which is expen>ive on accoutit of its weight or balk; and! venture to predict, that uh'ess greater families of transportation are supplied, the health est and most favored portion of the State vill become tenantless. Heretofore they iave found a market for their argicottura! jfofluctions amongst (hetr cotton growing teichbf rs, but at the present low prices they viII find it their interest to raise their own upplies. The Columbia and Charlotte, and (?reef?* 'ill Railroads, now in the course of cofislnieion, when completed, will greatly facilitate ransportation in the portions of the coontry 11rough which they pass; but if the former iliould stop at Anderson Court House, which suppose probable, both will terminate in he cotton Tegion. and neither materially *kj he mountain districts, and will leave sf spaee if more than an hundred miles between heir terminations nnprovided for* But no xirtion of either of these roads htsyet been :ompleted, and judging solely irom what ! ;now of the scarcity of money arof the-low mines of nroduce. these companies will find t difficult to call in the subscription* for locks, and without the aid of (he Stale, (he irogress towards their completion most be ery slow. And I would earnestly recooonend to your consideration the propriety, i Hording them some assistance towar la the :ompletion of these laudable patriotic enter* irises. . . Permit mc, also, to invite your attention 0 what I said in the same Message, no the object of the navigation of our water coor* es. The subject has become stafe, and t would seem sirarge that these natural hannels of transportation ate destined to einain in their native rudeuesa aniimprac* icability. All attempts at improvement iave been heretofore made at the expense if the Slate, lint I have no doubt if the txclusive right to tlie navigation would b* ;on?redcd, companies would be readily or;anized with adequate means to iotptnve if# io as to enable them to transport prodnce at ates greatly below what is now common. But it is believed that this concession cannot je obtained, even frnin those residing on he banks ol the water course*, Those em* 1 loved in boating as a husoes*. fi.id their iccount in the increased prires, on account ?f the difficulty of the navigation; and the >lanter residing on or near the water cowries, finds his in employing his own band*, nstcad of paying freight. There is, (6??, something like a natural disinclmaliohfo pay tribute for using nature's common highwty} ind without legislative authority, or aid, these channels are destined to remain f?if- ?ver in their present rude and unimproved condition. In connection with this subject,! transmit terewiih the report of Major William Spender i rown, a distinguished engineer, of a survey made bv him of Broad river, at the instance of the Columbia & Greenville fua mad Company, whim contains mucn vbhw b!e information 89 to the condition of iIhH rive?'. 1 had I he honor focomunicate to fhe f.?gislaturc at its last session, that, in pursuance r?f its orders, I had engaged B. C. Pltasley, Esq<f of Charleston to prepare and procure to be printed, a Digest of the Law* relating 10 the Office and Duties ?t Magistrate; and I have now the pleasure of informing ypb, that 1 understand the book has been firintcd. and will be ready for delivery during the present season. Eight hundred dollars were appropriated towards paying tho expense of printing, and it has been paid to Mr. P*et?ly for that purpose. Whether it wilt be sufficient for printing and binding. I hate not been informed. No provision has bee* made to compensate Mr. i'ressly for his services, and I will take the liberty of calling your attention to the subject again when the book shall have been delivered. A great number of the 10th volume.of Cooper's edition of the Statutes at Large, which contains the index oft he whole, were burnt bv a fire which consumed a number ofhouses in this place some years ag?>, and is now out of print. A corresponding number of the other volumes of the edition Ife useless for the want of the index. 1 would therefore recommend that provision be made^ for republishing that volume. That edition brings down the Statutes at i in tiio vi>nr 183S?since when the ? / ? ? ; annual arts have been printed in a type and paged corresponding with it. Ami I would recommend that provision be made for collecting them into volumes, and a general index to the whole. None but a very diligent inquirer would take the trouble of looking into more than ten years of Legislative enactments to find what the law is. and I would suggest as a good general rule, that these compilations should be made at least every tenth year. I have received, and herew:th transm t f r your consideration, certain resnfnli >ns approving Mr. Whitney's project of a Railroad from Lake Michigan to the Pacific Ocean, and recommend it to the patronago of the Government of the United States, adopted by the Legislatures of the States of Maine, Vermont, Rhode Island. Maryland, Ohio, Tennessee. Georgia, and Alabama. The project is one ?>f the most sublime that has ever been conceived bv man. One is astounded by its magnitude, and vet with adequate in* ans no one will now question, its practicability?nor will it be doubted that if carried into execution, it would greatly promote the settlement of the wild lands through which it is proposed to carry if, bringing us i? t? communion with our feffow citizens inhabiiing those remote regions, and greatly facilitate commerce ? ? -i.._. iK? National I nave HW? iuxhu<I Medical Convention, held in May in lite city of Philadelphia, a iQcmoriaJ/tht