The Camden journal. [volume] (Camden, S.C.) 1836-1851, December 06, 1848, Image 1
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THE CAMDEN JOURNAL.
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VOL.9. CAMDEN, SOUTH CAROLINA, DECEMBER 6, 1848. - NUMBER49;;
1 * ? - ' j _r
PUBLISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY MORNING
BYTHOMAS W. PEGU E S .
TERMS.
Three Dollar* per annum in advance. Three Dollars and
Filly Cent* within si* months, or Four Dollars at the expiration
of the year.
Advertisements inserted at 75 cent* per square, (fourteen
nes or less,) for the first and half that sum for each subsequent
insertion. The number of insertions to be noted on
all advertisements, or they will be published until ordered
to be discontinued, and charged accordingly.
One Dollar per square for a single insertion. Quarterly
and Monthly advertisements will be charged the same as
single insertion, and Semi-monthly the same as new ones |
For publishing Citations as the law directs three doilars |
will be charged.
AH Obituary Notice* exceeding 8ix tines, unit i omnium
cation* recommending Candidate* for public offices of profit
or trust?or puffing Exhibitions will do charged as advertisement*.
Aid letter* by mail must be post paid to insure a puncuta
atteniun.
TO CLUBS.
In order to place the Journal within the reach o(
all. we offer the following reduced rates to Clubs
of new subscribers? payment to be made at the
timeof subscribing.
For 1 copies for one year, $10 09
For 8 copies for one year, 14 00
For 8 copies for one year, 18 00
For 10 copies for one year, 21 00
For 12 copies for one year, 24 00
Any one ot our present subscribers will be considered
as one of either of the above clubs, by obtaining
a sufficient number of tieir subscribers to
^ make up with himself, the 4, 6, 8, 10, or 1'2.
Ordinary*^ Notice.
Whereas, no Aduiinisiration on the Estate of
Emanuel Rush, late of K* rshaw District, deceased
has applied for, in pursuance of the Act of Assembly,
1 have taken posesion of the poods and chattels,
rights and credits of the said Estate as derelecl.
All persons indebted to the said estate are
required to pay the same over to me, and those
haviug demands against the estate will present
them to me duly attested for payment.
Sept. 13.1848. JOlhN R. JOY, O. K. D.
Ordinary's Notice.
Whereas, no administration on the estate of Ja
cob Hammond, late of Kershaw District, deceased
has applied for, in pursuance of the Act of Assembly,
I have taken possession of the goods and chattels,
rights and credits of the said estate as derelict.
All persons indebted to the said estate are
required to pay uie fame owi iu mc, mm ...v.-,.
baving demands against the estate will present
thern to me duly attested for payment.
June 21. J. R. JOV, 0. K. I).
Ordinary'* .tTotiee.
Whereas, no administration (dc bonis non) on
the estate of AnnGilman, late of Kershaw Pis
trkt, deceased, has been applied for. I have taken i
possession of the goods and chattels, rights ai d
credits of the said estate. All persons indebted to
the estate are required to pav the same ver to me;
those having demands against the estate will hand
them in duly attested, to me for payment,
may 17. J. R. JOV, O. K. D.
Ordinary's Notice.
"Yhcreas no application has been made for Ad|
mintitration upon the goods and effects of R. IWilw*,
dee'd. 1 have taken possession of them as
Perelic, nd hereby give notice to all persons indebted
to said Kstate. to come and make immediate
payment, and those having demands against
the same, to present them to me duly attested,
J. R. JOV, o. k. n.
, Camden, May 26, 1S43. 22_ tf
Notice*
Whereas no person has applied u. me for letters of administration
Upon the goods and cltattles of the late E X.
Clark son. I Imve taken possession of the same a* dendect
nnd theft-fore give notice to tin we indebted to make pay.
- ? ? - ? J .1 nrnvi-nt thorn
lllCflV IU mr, Aim UllTC UUMUZ UVIIMmu^ r'
d uljr attested. JOHN R. JOY, o. k. d.
November 8, 1348. 43 tf
Xotice.
Wherra*. nopebwn ha* applied to me for letters of ad- i
ministration debunk oon op<m the Estate of John Hoar, I
fiirmerly ofCharlMM Distriet. J nave taken pos*e-vion
of the name, with tire Will annexed aid therefore give no- i
tiee loall wh? may be indebted to said Estate t" make payktnent
to ?e. and if any demands to present them to mc duly
attested. JOHN K. JOY. o. k. d.
' November 8, 1918. 43 if
In Ordinary.
LANCASTER DISTRICT*
John Isom, Applicant, vs. Rebecca leorn, (will,
ow*) William Isom, Sally (conn Henry Clark and
wife Polly* John Clttrk and wife Nancy, Sally fan in,
James 1-om* Sally Crowder Elisabeth Cftnvder,
and the children of Betsey Best, deceased, Defendants.
Real Estate of Win. Isom, deceased.
It appearing to my satisfaction that KebotVa
Isom and the children of Betsey Best, decM. Defendants
reside without the limits of this State; It
r is therefore ordered. That they do appe. r and <>bject
to the sale or division of the Real Estate of
William Isom, dee'd on or before the 13th day of
~ - - ? - ;li
* December, 1948, or their consent to me same win
be entered of record.
r J. H. WITHERSPOON, O. L D.
> sept. 8,1849. 187] 3m
Sonth Carol!na?Kershaw Dist.
IN THE COURT OF ORDINARY.
Ica&c D. Trent, and Mary B. Trent, Applicants, vs. Wm.
IL Trent and other*.
It &ppearini( to my satisfaction that Wilintn H. Trent, one
of the defendant* in the above care, reside* beyond the lim
it* of thin State: It is therefore ordered that tfie said William
II Trent, do appear and object to tlus sale of the personal
Estate of Martha L. Trent, on or before the first day
of December next, or hi* consent to the same will he entered
of record. J. K. JOV, O. K. D.
p Aug. 28,1848. ($5 63) 83 3m
Synth Cnryliin-K'jrth.iw District.
IN EQUITY.
Charles L. Dye, Adm'r of Elizabeth Turley, ev.
Benjamin Williams, Frances Battle, Bartlett
Batt'e, Eliza Williams. Lowry, daughter
Elizabeth Lowry. Bill for Reviver and Supplement.
It appearing to my satisfaction that Frances
Battle, Bartlett Battle, Eliza Williams, Lowry,
a daughter of Elizabeth I/mry, part of the Dem
/endants in the case stated above, arc, and reside
J beyond the limits of this State : It is ordered that
LtM eaia weienuuii'.a pitnu, nunnci w? UGIIIU, klllr. .
and to the original Bill within three months from
the publication of this order, or the same will be
taken proconfesso against them.
f WM. M. SHANNON, c. e. k d.
Comr's Office, Sept. 4,1848. 36 3in
Gunny Bagging.
<Gunny Ba?ging, Kentucky Bale Rope and
Twine just received an for sale bv
Sept 6. (86 tf) E. W. BONNE V.
arpetings Printed Floor cloths and Rugs, just
opened ana for sale by E. VV. BONNEY.
Sept. 6. 36 tf
??
f Fresh Arrivals.
The subscriber is receiving and opening a large
and varied stork of Fall and Winter Goods, consisting
of Dry Goods of every description; Hardware.,
Groceries and Crockery, which will be sold
for cash or punctual custom* r, an low an tn*y can
be hrd in this market C. MATilKSON.
October 4tb, 184R 40 tf
For Sale,
Two Philadelphia made GINS, to be seen at
C.MATHESON'S.
September 6 3ft
L To Rent.
Some half dozen Dwelling Houses and about
half tc many Store Houses. Apply to
Oct I?. lOHtT WORKMAN.
SEW GOODS.
GREATER BARGAINS TIIAN EVER,
AT THE CHEAP STORE,
0c7"opposite tf1k post ofcice<?
The subscribers bep leave to call ihe attention of
all who wish to ?et a
LAKlifci UUA1M11 1 KJr UUULU5,
wi'h a
A SMALL AMOUNT OF MONEY,
To the
IMPORTANT FACT,
That they have returned to Camden with a large
and fresh supply of
Dry Goods, Clothing Boots and Shoes.
GROCERIES, HARDWARE, &c.
Embracing almost everv article usually found in a
WELL ASSORTED STOCK.
Which they have now open, ready for inspection
and sale one door above their old stand,
OPPOSITE THE POST OFFICE,
and they are de'ermined to sell the same so cheap,
that all icho trish to buy, have only to call to satisfy
themselves that they
t\lAWOT CHEAPER.
Thankful for the liberal patronage they received
last season, they solicit a call from all who want
cheap Goods.
ELIAS & KOOPMAX.
Oct. ?5. 41 tf
NEW CASI1 STORE.
The citizens of Kershaw and the adjoining dietricts
are respectfully informed that the subscriber
has opened the store formerly occupied by Mr H.
Levy, and is now receiving a large and carefully
selected stock, consisting of
0QQ[DS>
Hardware, (-rockery and Groceries,
All of which he offers FOR CASH, at such prices
as must command the attention of purchasers.
Tim ftillnwincr are a few of the articles, w hich
lie can confident-'y recommend as being unsurpassed
for cheapness and elegance?
Ladies' Department.
6-4 Brocalc Cashmeres, with Fancy Silk Cravats, ijr.
Trimmings to match Kid. cashmere <fc silk Gloves
Rich Plaid Cashmeres A full assortment of Hosiery
Newest styses printed do Linen-cambric Hd'k'fs*
Chainclion Cashmeres Hemstitch and Roviero do
Trafalgar Plaids r rench Needle Work, very
Katin striped Cashmeres cheap, comprising.
Fancy M. DeLuincs, newdc-(Muelin Collars, at all prices
signs [Straight do newest shapes
Satin striped Alpacas | elegantly trimmed
Black and colored do iChemisetts. plain and trlm'd.
Finest Earleston Ginghams '.Muslin Culls
Changeable French Jo Swiss and Jaconet Edgings
Fancy check do. in great va- do do Inserting*
ricty Lace Capes and Collars
Shaw ls, suitable for the sea- An assortment of Zeplt. Wool
son?amongst them are. j do do Floss Silk
" Lainartine," " California.'' Plain and shaded Purse Silk
and "Mexican"8-4 Shawls Fashionable Bonnets
8-4 printed Cashmere do Bonnet ami Cap Ribbons
Small Shawls every dcscrip- Thread and Lisle. La ecu, &c
tion
ALSO
A very large and varied assortment of fresh
Winter Calicoes, American, French and English,
fast colors, bought unusually low, and offered at
prices that cannot fail to recommend them, including
a variety ?.( 4-4 F'ench printed Cambrics.
Gentlemen's Department.
Black Broadcloth j Black Satin Vesting*
do French Doeskins I Plain blk- cravats and stocks
do French and English!Fancy Ciavals
Cassimere* (Silk Pocket Handkerchiefs
Fancy ?tri{jed and check do ; Cot ion halt Hose, ut all prices
M'xt all woril Tweed* * iMerino Stilrls and Drawers
"Rough and Ready" Cassi-|Cotton do do
meres 'Fashionable Fur and .MoleA'attinctts,
plain and fancy skin Hats
Plantation MulF, assorted Satin, cloth and fur Caps
Fancy Cashmere and Valen- Boy's cloth Caps, new style
cia Vesting*
READV-MADE CLOTHING.
Tweed Coats, at all prices |Black Satin Vests
('loth do I do cloth do
Black Dross and Frock do I Fancy cashmere do
Overcoats, assorted | Plaid do assorted
Al' /resh Iron, the North, well made ami fashionably
cut. Also, a superior s:ot k of re <ly made
Shirts, together with a general assortment of such
articles as are usually found in a country store, all
of which will be iiiaiked low, and offeied to the
public as a specimen of the Cash System.
JAMES WILSON.
Oct. 31. 44 if
UliW 1MLL GOODS.
The subscribers arc now receiving and oppning
their stock of f;?tcy and staple Goods, to which
they respectfully invite the attention of their friends
and the public generally, as they will be sold low
tor cash. The/ consist in part of
Alpaccas 'Fancy Prints
CftsiimertR j English do
Monslin Delaines | Brown and bleached ShirtOinghams
ines
Red and White Flannels |?hnwN and Handkdrcliiefs
Canton do Blankets
Apron Checks Hose and Half IIosc
Bed Tick Glover, Mitts. Ac. Ac.
Plain and striped Homespuns
? A bsn
An invoice of Ready-made Clothing
Dundee and Kentucky Bagging, Rope and Twine
An assortment of ladies'and gentlemen's Shoes i
ivegro ana no .Fe servant ?? o-iu?n
Wiih a general assortment of Hardware, Glass and
Crockery ware, and Groceiies, Liverpool Salt.
For sale by GEO. S. DOUGLAS if- CO.
Oct. 31 44 tf
Medical and surgical Notice.
The undersigned respectfully inform the citizens
of Kershaw and the surrounding districts that
they have instituted in Camden an Infirmary for
chronic disease, where patients u ill be received on
the following tern e?for medical treatment, including
diet, if-c., GO cents per day; where operations
are required, the usual fee will he an additional
charge.
Patients will be under the const; nt supervision
of the proprietors, and every provision mad' for
their comfort.
Tl e -:bove establishment offers to Planters who
may have cases of chronic disease on their plantations.
advantage^ not obtained by the ordinary
mode of practice, as it insures systematic treatment
and regimen, desiderata often indispensable to success
in the treatment of disease.
W. J. McKAl.V, M. D.
C. J. SHANNON, M. I).
Oct.JS. -L2 tf
Camden Hotel.
This valuable establishment now occupied by B. i
P. Bovp Esq, is offered for sale on accommodating !
terms. The building in its arrangement and adap- |
alien for a Hotel, is i ot surpassed by any in the the J
interior of the .S'late and its contiguity to the public
1 i>~:Iianiii iiitik iii it? nrlvantao-es.
unices .mil n..iin?<iu ..?. ? .... 0_
To any person disj osed to engage in keeping a Hole! !
a more favorable opportunity could scarcely be of.
fered for a profitable investment If not previously
sold, it will lie rented to an approved tenant and
possession given on the 1st Jan'rv next.
Nov. H. C. J. SHANNON.
Patey's Cold Cream,
A superior preparation for ladies that are annoyed
with chapped faces, lips or hands, at this season
of the year, removing the annoyance at once, and
rendering the skin soft and smooth. A new supply
just received at CLEVELAND'S.
Children's Zephyr Dresses.
The subscribers have just received from the
manufacturers in Philadelphia, an assortment of
the above which they will sell low.
Ncrv. 1& Mc DO WALL f COOPER.
GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE.
Executive Department, j
Columbia, 29lh Nov. 1848. )
To the Honorable the Speaker and
Members of the House of Representatives:
Gentlemen : Having in your recent Session
been confined to the discbarge of a par
ticular duty, you have convened here now
at tlie time appointed by the Constitution,
for the purposes of general legislation, and
I cannot too deeply impress on you the importance
of ibis duty. The right of the citizenstoselect
their lawgivers from amongst
themselves, is amongst the brightest and
most cherished features in the structure of
Representative Governments.
The Representative best knows the wants,
necessites and opinions of his constituents
and his fidelity and vigilance is secured by
the fact, that "he himsclfis governed by, and
subjected to the same laws which he ordains
for them. But his obligations to his immediate
constituents, are not the only responsibilities
which he incurs?they are but
members of a large community, and their
particular interest will be best promoted by
consult.ng the general interest; and in discharge
of the sacred duty of legislator he is
responsible to the community at large.
In the dischaige of the duties assigned to
me by the Constitution, I shall now, and
from time to time, endeavor to put you in possession
of any information 1 possess, or may
obtain of the condition, and recommend such
measures as, in my judgement, will best
promote the general interest of the State,
And you will unite with me in imploring Almighty
Wisdom, to aid and direct us in the
discharge ol our respective duties, so that
whatever we may do; shall promote the happiness
and prosperity of our beloved State.
The Report of the Comp* roller General
will put you in possession of the condition
of the Finances of the State.
Without entering into the details which
will be found in the Repoitthe result shows
that the ordinary revenues nl the State, exelusive
of the profits of the Bank of the State,
and dividends in the Stock owned bv the
State, in the South Western Rail Road Bank
amounting together to the sum of $108,000,
which has been carried to the credit of the
Sinking Fund, are in such a condition as to
render it unnecessary to increase the public
k....| Iiimis n maaenro nl oil llfllPC ITltlr-h to hf>
deprecated, and especially when, as now,
the unusually low prices of our staples would
render it burthensome to the citizens at
large.
The Bank of the State has a very important
agency in the management of its fiscal
concerns. Great doubts were fell about the
propriety of establishing it, when it was originally
chartered in eighteen hundred
twelve; and nothing but what was supposed
absolute necessity, could even then make it
acceptable. It will be recollected that it
was during the war with Great Britain, declared
in Jm e preceding, which entirely cut
off our commerce with Europe; the pecuniary
resources of the conntry having been
completely drained by the preceding embargo
and n< n-iiitercotusc; and with a fruitful
sod, untiring labor, and abundant productions
without a market, even the wealthy
Planter, content to forego the luxuries which
use had rendered in some degree necessary,
found it difficult to meet the demands upon
him, for the taxes and other dues to the Government.
The State then had in hand some
cash, and owned stocks a> d other productive
securities to a considerable amount, and
it was thought those would be more benefit
ally employed in reducing them to cash,
and lending it to the citizens on real and
personal security, to relieve their neces
Mtics. A L#oan Utticc lor ttus purpose was
at first contemplated, hut it wa? thought
thai hanking powers and privileges would
greatly facilitate its operations, an I hence
the charier of the Rank of the Stale, in the
form of which we find it. From that time
to this, distrust and douhts about the faithful
administration of its affairs have pervaded
some portions of the State, and 1 might add,
all portions of it in a greater or less degrceand
the pro, riely of closing it, and winding
up its concerns, lias been suggested. Danger
of indiscretion, the want of fidelity in
its officers, and m the partiality of its favors,
when managed by persons having no immediate
interest in its results, are mainly relied
on m support of this proposition.
I have felt the full force of these arguments,
and if it was now first proposed to
establish a bank with the usual powers on
account of the State, and based on its capital
I should unhesitatingly oppose my dissent
to it. There is danger thai persons having
no immediate interest in it, would not exer
cise the same prudence and circumspection,
in the management of it, that they would
do m their own concerns?that they might
indulge in personal partialities, at the expense
of ihe Rank, and that they might prostitute
it to political party supposes.
There is yet another objection, which
strikes mc as more imposing. But for the
expectation of realizing profi s at the expense
of its customers, such a thing as a hank
would never have been heard of. It is cn<>ugh
that the citizen has contributed his
proper proportion towards the common burthens,
and the State ought not to accept
more at his hand. It may be said, that il
there was no Rank of the State, he might
find accommodation at other Ranks on the
same terms, and the result to him would be
the same, and that ilie State had the right to
share the profits of banking.
A sovereign Stale, whose duly it is by
I 1-1-. ..Iin,i.<li mirl
every KH9XSIUIU IIIUilllS III Uiuinn (una
iate, ought not willingly to put itself in the
position of a relentless creditor towards the
citizen, without winch no Bink could sustain
itself. That however is not now the question.
Would it be wise and prudent to cl??se
the Bank anil wind up its concerns at this
time?
There are very many reasons why. in my
judgement, this would be inexpedient. 1
will notice a few only whieh strike me nt
entirely satisfactory. According to the re
port fit the (' omptroller General, the liabilit
es of the Bank of all sorts amount to
and the citizens of lite Slate, if
not the sole, are the principal debtors. The
credit system is unhappily so interwoven
vviih our habits of business, that even the severe
lessons that we have been taught from
time to time bv the s iddcn depressions in
the price of our staples, and ?he consequent
derangement in all of our productive pursuits,
have not been enabled to correct it. We
are therefore now, in consequence of the
low price of our productions, in the midst
of one of i hose revulsions of commerce which
in vitablv brings with it a scarcity of circulating
medium, and an increased demand
lor it. Ciose the Bank now, and stop its
1 issues, and at least one source <>f supply is
cut off.
Voluntary payments to the Batik, antl every
debtor that has the means would be disposed
to gel rid of that responsibility, would
to that extent diminish the circulations; and
to force collections, wait Id be productive of
incalculable distress to the community.
There is anoihrremisidration of equal, if
not greater importance. The capital stock
and the profits of ihe Bank, are solemnly
pledged on the faith of the State for every
(foliar she has borrowed, from the year 1820
down to this time. The art of 1838, authorizing
w: at is called the fire loan of two
million of dollars, (2.000,000.) which is amongst
the last, makes the same pledges,
rind the evidence spread on your journals,
shows thai ihe agent who affected this loan,
and the purchasers of the stock, had regard
to them, in the negotiation for the loan. The
character of the Bank i'solf is involved in
these pledges?her neglect to fulfill them,
would involve her in disgrace, and compel
her to shut her doors. It is therefore reasonable
to suppose, that it facilitated the negotiation,
and increased the appreciation of the
stock. I can add nothing to what has been
said in the report of the Committee of the
Senate, at the session in December, 1846, to
show that closing the Bank now, and thus
cutting off the profits, would violate these
pledges, and he an act of mala jides?and
the worse that iho creditor is wunom redress.
The Ban!; is the mere creature of
ihe Siale, which mav dispose of its funds as
might he thought fit. She is not liable to
suit, and the only security which the creditor
would have, would he the faith of the Slate
already violated. It is true, that by shutting
up the Bank, and calling in the debts
due to it, means might be provided for the
payment of the public deb\ But the fact of
cutting n|f this secur.ty for its payment,
would inevitably materially affect the price
of the stocks, and operate injuriously to the
holders?a consequence which 1 am sure
every citizen ofthe State would deprecate.
It may be asked, if this institution is to be
perpetrated and riveted upon our posterity
for all lime to come? 1 hope not. The
fmic may, and I hope will comc. when it will
j he wise ai d prudent to close it forever. But
' 1 would n<>t have the State violate its solemn
pledges, and do wrong to its creditors, even
at the risk (if the dangers to which I believe
it would be exposed, in the hands of unworthy
and dishonest agents. We have little to
apprehen I from this source, if pust experience
is any evidence of what we may expect
in the future. The Bank has now been
in operation for thirty-five years, and during
all that liine it has been the depository of all
tlic public trca-urc; and if there has been any
<inc>| its numerous and frequently cnangmg
officers (including tlie brandies) wanting ilie
honesty and fidelity, any instance of indulging
personal partiality at the expense of the
Bank, or the prostitution of its means for un
worthy purposes I have not seen the evidence
j of it. Losses have occurred, and they are
i inevitable in all institutions of the kind; but
; the annual reports of the Bank show that at
least reasonable profits have been realized;
and for the time to come, during which we
must submit to what i regard as an evil, the
Legislature is called on b) every consideration
of policy and interest, to keep at the
head of the institution, as heretofore, able,
h mest, and faithful agents. When the
pledges on the part of the Bank have been
redeemed, it would be wise t ? close Us doors
j forever, and call in its credits in such rcasI
unable annual sums, as the community can
| bear. And I would on that account, carj
ne?tly recommend that there should not be
I any other pledges involving the capital or
i i*. r.u? ii.,?t, if ||W>V, nrn renuired
pmillS III lliU Utllm. ...... J
fur these, or any other purposes, they are under
ilie control of the Slate.
The increasing prosperity and usefulness
of the South Carolina t ollcgr.. is so much a
matter of pride, that the aticntinn of every
j one is constantly directed towards it; and 1
can add but little to what is generally known
of its present condition. And under a wise,
consistent, and mild, hut firm and uniform
government, the parts all harmonize, and
order reign within its wall, and emulation amongst
students; and an increased ambition
to acquire knowledge are the necessary
fruits.
The extensive additional accommodations
for the students, projected by the Hoard of
Trustees at its last annual meeting, have by
i the liberal mean< provided by the Legislature
at its last annual Session, been completed
in a manner that adds greatly to (he
effect and beauty of tho College Buildings,
and yet there is no room to spare. The students
number now two hundred and fill>five,
including the graduating class; which is
thirty-eight in number; but it is probable
that their places will be supplied by the formation
?ifn now Fresh nan class. Virginia
North Carolina, Tennessee, Georgia, Ala
hama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas, til
j have representatives amongst the students
1 and it is not an unreasonable an ieipatiot
' that the lights <>f science and literature etna
1 nating from this cherished institution, will be
1 seen throughout the entire extent of tin
southern portion of our confederacy. 1
may, and the tune may even now have ar
' rived, when it will he indispensably neeessa
i ry to cn'arge the usefulness of the Cnllcgo hj
' providing for instruction in somo branche,
of*!he sciences and literature that are not <
now taught in it. Tut the subject belongs t
rn >re appropriately to the Board of Trustees, ]
to w h >sc hands it has been wisely confi Jed. ?
and there I willingly leave it. t
ls!:ould be gratified to present you with I
an equally flattering account of the condi- <
lion of our free School i. Defective in the t
frame work of their original structure, they i
have dragged on a wretched existence, i
if, indeed, they can be said to exist at all, t
down to this day, at an immense cost, with- i
out any apparent benefits, except in the i
towns and cities, where, from the denscness I
of the population, the funds appropriated for f
titer support can lie concentrated so as to r
1 ' n /VI. ? i'oor t ho q| . J t
maKC us influence ten; year unci .
tenlion of the legislature has been called to s
this subject bv mv predecessors in office; and
again and again legislative committees have v
been directed to examine into their condi t
lion; and whilst all concede nndrxp-isethe t
defective operation of the svstem, no mca. t
suros have been taken towards its improve- s
met;!. The will to do it is certamiv not I
wanting, for it is a subject in which every t
individual has an interest; and I can only t
account for the apparent apathy, by suppos- r
ing that no one knows or has the means of l
knowing what is wanted to carry in into p
successful operation, within the means ap- t
propriated to that subject. The defects of I
the system were earlv seen, and having lie- \
stowed some attention to it for many years i
past, and with opportunities of information s
accessible to few (f mean a personal knowl p
edge of the localities and population of every v
portion of the State.)! am utterly unable to i;
suggest any impiovemerit likely to produce a
results corresponding in any reasonably pro- c
portion to the very large sum annually ex- p
pendtid in their support. The local boards
of Commissioners cannot be relied on for the t
necessary information, as they act without s
concert or uniformity of system: .and I sug- s
gested to the Legislature at its last session i
the propriety of appointing a suitable agent, r
whose duly it should be to visit every por- r
tion of the Stale in detail, charged especial- i
!y with collecting all the information he I
could obtain from the local hoards, and in- c
lelligent individuals; and to propose a plan t
suited to the occasion. Whatever plan may i
be devised, 1 am very confident that it will c
bo found that there will he a great dcftcicn* *
ev of competent instructors even in the pri- | r
niary departments of an English erluc .lion I
It is possible that there will be found in etc- I
ry district, a few young persons of both sexes t
who would, for the purpose of acquiring a |
suitable education, Iree of expense, oblige i
themselves, when qualified, to devote a few <
years to the instruc'imi of children, for a [
reasonable compensation; and as a starting s
point in the improvement of the system, 1 i
would recommend that the boards of com- j
missioners of the several districts lie required i
by law to inquire for, and select from those i
offering, a certain number who woul I be i
willing to accept these terms, and to | lace <
them at suitable schools; the expenses of (
tuition and subsistence to be provided for
out of the common Irej school fund before |
it is distributed amongst the distr cis, or in <
such other way as you may see fit to pre- *
scribe. i
In connection with this subject, I take i
great pleasure in laying before you a coin- I
mnnicaiioii from the Itov. Dr. Curtis and (
Son, Principals of the Female High School,
at Limestone Springs, and of Mr. h W.
Hudson, Principal of the Mount Zion Acad- (
emv, at Winnsborough, which contains the
liberal and patrioiie proposition to receive, 1
in furtherance of any general plan that may
be adopted to make the free sehools uselul,
any number of pupils: < ne of females, and 1
the other of males, not exceeding twelve
- 1 r- - r t'/.f in.triicl inn. to I
| eacu, ueu ui hiiv ciiui^<; ....... . .
; be educated lor teachers. It is generally
known, that these institutions rank amongst
the most respectable in the State; and my
own observation enables me to state that the .
government, discipline, and success in instruction,
will rank with any other of the
same description in the Slate; and 1 would
recommend earnestly, that at least this int.
tiatory step be promptly taken towards the
improvement of the free school system.?
Oilier schools, entitled to equal confidence,
will doubtless be ambitious t > follow this
laudable example; and provision ought to
be made for such a contingency. 1 invite
your attention more particularly to this communication,
as containing some useful and
practical inhumation on ihe subject of normal
schools.
The i iiadcl Academy at Charleston, and
the Arsenal Academy here, will furnish ap
propriate means of normal instruct on in
many of the most useful departments of science,
and the South Carolina College the
means of an < duration in the highest depart..rnm|
literature.
IIICIIO I'l O" IV. I lU u ..
In my first Message to tlic Legislature at
its la t annual session, 1 took occasion to
bring to their notice the subject o| Internal
Improvements, and as no action was then
had upon it, 1 lake the liberty of presenting
i it to you in the hope that it will receive your
* early attention. For my general views on
the subject I refer von to that message; hut
at the expense of some 'repet t:ou 1 will
state some fads which, in my judgement,
; desertc especial consideration. All who
are familiar with the upper portions of the
State know thai few, if any of its productions
. will hear the expense ul transportation by
i the ordinary means to a market and leave
i nnv profits to the producer, except the article
of cotton which is not grown at all in tile
region bordering the mountains; and even
. that, at the present low prices leaves hut a
| small nctt income when the charges of transportation
an? deducted. All descriptions of
i grain may he transported to our markets
. liom any of the Northern cit es at a less ex.
. pense than from the mountain region, where
I- f
. 't is grown in abundance; ana, wun laumies
I of transportation, mi^ht and would be in.
creased to almost any extent. Lime, which
. is found in abundance in York and Spartan
j burg District of superior quality, is shut out
3! even front the market in this place, on ao.
lount or tne ditlerence in me ^expenses 01
transportation, by the Thomaston lime.?Pur
ihe same reason our great marls, are
closed against the iron produced in the inte.
Pirvr a n/l i hov nro sunnlied from Rumoe and
""" " "J rI n T p-.r-,he
northern state*. the same remarks
ivill apply to almost every article of produe.
ion, the transportation of which is expen>ive
on accoutit of its weight or balk; and!
venture to predict, that uh'ess greater families
of transportation are supplied, the health
est and most favored portion of the State
vill become tenantless. Heretofore they
iave found a market for their argicottura!
jfofluctions amongst (hetr cotton growing
teichbf rs, but at the present low prices they
viII find it their interest to raise their own
upplies.
The Columbia and Charlotte, and (?reef?*
'ill Railroads, now in the course of cofislnieion,
when completed, will greatly facilitate
ransportation in the portions of the coontry
11rough which they pass; but if the former
iliould stop at Anderson Court House, which
suppose probable, both will terminate in
he cotton Tegion. and neither materially *kj
he mountain districts, and will leave sf spaee
if more than an hundred miles between
heir terminations nnprovided for* But no
xirtion of either of these roads htsyet been
:ompleted, and judging solely irom what !
;now of the scarcity of money arof the-low
mines of nroduce. these companies will find
t difficult to call in the subscription* for
locks, and without the aid of (he Stale, (he
irogress towards their completion most be
ery slow. And I would earnestly recooonend
to your consideration the propriety,
i Hording them some assistance towar la the
:ompletion of these laudable patriotic enter*
irises. . .
Permit mc, also, to invite your attention
0 what I said in the same Message, no the
object of the navigation of our water coor*
es. The subject has become stafe, and
t would seem sirarge that these natural
hannels of transportation ate destined to
einain in their native rudeuesa aniimprac*
icability. All attempts at improvement
iave been heretofore made at the expense
if the Slate, lint I have no doubt if the
txclusive right to tlie navigation would b*
;on?redcd, companies would be readily or;anized
with adequate means to iotptnve if#
io as to enable them to transport prodnce at
ates greatly below what is now common.
But it is believed that this concession cannot
je obtained, even frnin those residing on
he banks ol the water course*, Those em*
1 loved in boating as a husoes*. fi.id their
iccount in the increased prires, on account
?f the difficulty of the navigation; and the
>lanter residing on or near the water cowries,
finds his in employing his own band*,
nstcad of paying freight. There is, (6??,
something like a natural disinclmaliohfo pay
tribute for using nature's common highwty}
ind without legislative authority, or aid,
these channels are destined to remain f?if- ?ver
in their present rude and unimproved
condition.
In connection with this subject,! transmit
terewiih the report of Major William Spender
i rown, a distinguished engineer, of a
survey made bv him of Broad river, at the
instance of the Columbia & Greenville fua
mad Company, whim contains mucn vbhw
b!e information 89 to the condition of iIhH
rive?'.
1 had I he honor focomunicate to fhe f.?gislaturc
at its last session, that, in pursuance
r?f its orders, I had engaged B. C. Pltasley,
Esq<f of Charleston to prepare and procure
to be printed, a Digest of the Law* relating
10 the Office and Duties ?t Magistrate; and
I have now the pleasure of informing ypb,
that 1 understand the book has been firintcd.
and will be ready for delivery during the
present season. Eight hundred dollars were
appropriated towards paying tho expense of
printing, and it has been paid to Mr. P*et?ly
for that purpose. Whether it wilt be
sufficient for printing and binding. I hate
not been informed. No provision has bee*
made to compensate Mr. i'ressly for his
services, and I will take the liberty of calling
your attention to the subject again when
the book shall have been delivered.
A great number of the 10th volume.of
Cooper's edition of the Statutes at Large,
which contains the index oft he whole, were
burnt bv a fire which consumed a number
ofhouses in this place some years ag?>, and
is now out of print. A corresponding number
of the other volumes of the edition Ife
useless for the want of the index. 1 would
therefore recommend that provision be made^
for republishing that volume.
That edition brings down the Statutes at
i in tiio vi>nr 183S?since when the
? / ? ? ;
annual arts have been printed in a type and
paged corresponding with it. Ami I would
recommend that provision be made for collecting
them into volumes, and a general index
to the whole. None but a very diligent
inquirer would take the trouble of looking
into more than ten years of Legislative enactments
to find what the law is. and I would
suggest as a good general rule, that these
compilations should be made at least every
tenth year.
I have received, and herew:th transm t f r
your consideration, certain resnfnli >ns approving
Mr. Whitney's project of a Railroad
from Lake Michigan to the Pacific Ocean,
and recommend it to the patronago of the
Government of the United States, adopted
by the Legislatures of the States of Maine,
Vermont, Rhode Island. Maryland, Ohio,
Tennessee. Georgia, and Alabama. The
project is one ?>f the most sublime that has
ever been conceived bv man. One is astounded
by its magnitude, and vet with adequate
in* ans no one will now question, its
practicability?nor will it be doubted that
if carried into execution, it would greatly
promote the settlement of the wild lands
through which it is proposed to carry if,
bringing us i? t? communion with our feffow
citizens inhabiiing those remote regions, and
greatly facilitate commerce
? ? -i.._. iK? National
I nave HW? iuxhu<I
Medical Convention, held in May
in lite city of Philadelphia, a iQcmoriaJ/tht