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> .. J-.. . . . . - ?-Vn. would be ultimately for the others. Indeed it is already urged that the two first should be so el ected. By theJimo that is done, the compromise which places the two divisions of the State, in the relation of perfect political equality, will have been utterly destroyed and the powers of the Styto and government concentrated in that which has the greatest number of votes. It would he an entire, and disastrous political rev. Inn Inctunrl ril tl><* nrPCPllt V 111! lit COll IM'" wvt " ,,,v r'~?" stitutional government, which makers ours, in its true moaning, a Republic, or commonwealth that is the government of the whole, we would have an absolute and despotic democracy;? the government of one portion of the Mat? over the other?the one that has the greatest nutn .her of votes, over that which has the fewest. No greater curse could hefa! the State including both divisions?tho one which would acquire The power, and the. other which wonld lose it. It would corrupt the one and debaso the othBui we arc, told in order to induco us to take a step so fatal, that all other States of the Union have adopted the general ticket for the appointment of electors. It is true that such is the case; but it is equally so, that its adoption was not the result of unbiassed and deliberate preference, It was not so originally. I have not at hand the means of ascertaining the mod" ' ? - - i -i _l c;. . naouted at nrst uy. uie several ouu'-?, i?ui uun-pa ? I ^really mistake, I do not err in assorting that the great majority appointed their electors, either by Districts or their Legislatures, and few indeed by general ticket. That all since, except this Slate, have, adopted it, is attributable partly to the violent party slrug?les growing out of the Presidential election, and partly to that I * tendency of all popular governments to concentrate power in the hands of the mere numerical majority, as already explained. In these strug gles,ono State after another, of those that had - Adopted the district system, resorted, in eager ^desire for victory, to the general ticket, in order / to concentrate their power; while the States, which, at first, appointed hy their Legislature.*, gradually yielded toMhe tendency towards th^ numerical majority. That this State has been * able to resist successfully the opesotion of such powerful causes is attributable to the superiority of her Constitution. Longtfpav it enable her to continue her successful resistance, and instead of following the evil example of others, may it he her patriotism and-pridp to be an example to them, even if it should*rernainVto be as it now is a solitary one. With these weighty and to mv nunn ovorwhelming reasons against the adoption of the general ticket, I would here close the discussion as far as regards it, as being wholly out of the question, were it not for the deep conviction I have, as to the disastrous consequences to the State, which would follow should it he unfbrtu. nately adopted. Under its influence, I feel it to be a duty, in replying to your note, to omit no material reason against it. There still remains one such, with which I shall close this portion ofthe discussion of the subject. 'ITir.sc who support a general ticket seem to me, with all due deference to rest its adoption on a series of unfounded assumption*-. They assume in the first place, that the Federal C'onstituiio i vests the appointment of electors in the people. But such is not the fact. On the contrary, it expressly provides, that each State shall appoint its electors, with no other restrictions, except that the manner shall l?e as directed by its Leg idntirre, and that no Senator, or person holding anofffi.ee of trust, or profit under the United: States shall be an elector. It is, then, clear, j ' the assumption, that the Federal Constitution ' gives the appointment to the people, re?ts on another assumption thatlho people are the State. It i*^ indeed.* true they are, regarded^in 1''' State the people, but no other. It Ww*p!ow4 ever, in ibat sense, that the advocate* of the1"' . general ticket use it. On the contrary, they ! -* evidently apply it to the people, in their unor. ganized character as more individuals?a sense | in which the people are never called the State, sior the State the people. I say evidently, he. i cause the effect of adopting it would bo, to give the appointment to a mere majority, regarded as so many individuals, without the slightest reference to the peculiar politic;^. organization of our State, or even an attempt to adjust the ' power ofappointing the. electors, so as to con- j form to it But the assumption, that jjie people ! are the State, iri that sense, is as unfounded as j the first on which it rests, that the Constitution give* the appointment to them. But even this ' unfounded as-mrnption, rests on another equally so; that the numerical majori'y is the people and on that rests, the conclusion, that the adoption of the general ticket, which would give the pow. er to it, would he Jhe same as giving it to the people. And this bring; us to the final and radical assumption, which lies at the bottom of the whole series that the majority has the natural, inherent ami indefeasible right of governing? an assumption not only utterly unfounded, but of the most dangerous charter, and in direct conflict with the Constituti ut of ihis State and that n| the Union. All natural rights aro the rights of individuals ami belong to tlmm as'such.* They appertain upithejj to majorities, nor minorities. On the contrary, ail political * rights are conventional. Neither majorities, jBor minorities can rightfully exercise, any such,.hut by compact or agreement expressed or implied. S?.meoflhe States.of the. Union, it would serm, have based their Ciontitutions on * the assumption, that the >merc nmnerical ma- J jority has the right to govcrin In suph it would j indeed, be the State hv implication, and the ad- : option of the general ticket by them, for the up- i pointment of electors, would he in conformity I with th?? provision of the federal Constitution, *" which rosts ItTlrthe State. Hut. such, is not ! o... o..?? i .... ,i?. r... i w ii wu n H '"V "" broadtiT and more solid am! durable (uflRati.ni, of the concurrent majority |?? tfi?? entire exelu giort of the numerical. To adopt then the gmera! tiirkot would not le* with us t?? <;ive the .to ? * i 1 pomtoient to" the S:a'e. On the contrary i! wo iId be to introdnce a new element, ea Vitated to subvert and destroy the very Ibnndutioi. j on which its organizationj^f^ts, as has been ; shown. ?Setting, then, aside the general tiefcet, lor ! these numerous and insurmountable objections as utterly inadmissible, no other alternative i* loll, but to retain the present mode n| appoint ment.or adopt the district system, liy dividing the Sftife into a number of districts equal to the number of its electors, and allot the appoint in*nt ornn? to each. 1 r it should hi; itirouetii preferable to give the appointment directly to the pe ople. without any intermediate agency, then, the latter sho-i'd he adopted, as the only way by which it can he truly given, to them, and that too, with strict jn?fi?v lothe two great dlvisonsof the State and without the hazard of destroying or di- inching the eompromi-c between ^ thern. The strongest olijeetion to U i.-, that it ' J'?Jit d'tnttlisil tlje reh|live w?oi'|t "f t':? State jP#:' ' *v# .<. 'y ? ?ga II MWBW glBtflBiMBfartMMWMBMMB shall continue to concentrate theirs by a genera ticket, lint, I ihu-t say, even setting this ob. jection asiJe, th:U I can seo no adequate reasor fur changing the present mode. Under 0111 well constructed and just Constitution, tin Legislature may, with strict regard to truth. In said to be the true representative of the Slate It lias heretofore proved to be so. in the a point inent of electors. In no instance has it deeei ved or betrayed the State in reference to it. Nor arn aware of any formidable object im against continuing the present mode, growin; j out of '.be. late act of Congress, which ma j not be met by an amendment of our State Con I vtitution, fixing an earlier day lor the uioetin of the Legislature every fourth year, so that may be in session to comply with its provision? and i:i having a call session for that puprposi until the amendment can he made. Hut whe tlier that should he done, or the District sy? tent adopted, notwithstanding the hazard i dividing the vote of the State, are question to he decided, not so much hy reference t principle, as considerations of expediency i reference to which the Legislature is the tno? competent to decide. Hut it is urged, that a change must he made because the Legislature has no right tonppoii the electors. To this it may he fairly answei ed, that the objection comes too late. The fee | era! government has been in operation inor ! than half a century, during which time, ther I have been fifteen Presidential eler.iions, n each of which one or more .States have a|i pointed their electors by the Legislature; an in not a single instance have the two houses * Congress, in counting the votes, objected to re ceive the vole of a Slate, because it was eas by electors appointed by its Li?.if!jmQr. v Hut waiving this answer, I cantfWf perce iv j any solid ground fin* the objection. The feder ! al constitution expressly vests the power of ap ; pointing the electors in the States; that is. a has been shown, in the people in their organiz ed character as constituting a body politic, an t^e power of directing the manner of appointinj i in their Legislatures, without qoalification. I j left to their is di cretion to decide, whether i shall be done 'directly by the people of tin i State or indirectly through intermediate agents ; npni'iiluit ('?r? m-i n 11A r fit ri'fti.rl * vti:i fl tn? encli n I - - lo lie fitirly (lie ant of the Slate: that is, of tlx people #in 'the character above stale. Thi ; more perfeetlv and fullv it would lie theirs it j that character; the more perfectly and fulij world the intention of the ('ons'ituroo he com plied wi h, whether done through the direr J vole of the people, or any intermediate agency ; including the Legislature. Hut it is certain that with ns, wherever may lie theca-e in nth er Stales, no other agency cnnH lie constitute! or any other mode of appointment adopted, lha would more perfectly and fully represent tin ' State, or make the appointment more truly it: ! act, than that by its Legislature. [ have now complied with your request, will i as much brevity as possible considering the im | poitancc and complex character ofilie qneslior involved. I have, indeed experienced no incon si lerab'e dilTicuilv, in discussing some of tin points, to express myself, with sufficient clear n *ss tube well understood, without going int< a cJhces ioo of some of ill * fundamental princi p!e..< of political science, if it may be so called and, thereby, increasing unreasonably tin leng'li of my answer to your request. As it is I fear, in attempting to avoid prolixity. ! hav< not sufficiently explained mynvaniug, on mum of llu? ttointc to fihsooril v*. Ill conclusion, permit mo to so", if what I have writ ton should shed :i 11 additional ray > light on tho nature and character of our excel, lent State Constitution, or contribute in ant degree,to giarl against the adoption of ant j ? 1 '1 li> jinaaiii ii ni.ati--.Jl. f Ij >' foal myself ampy compensated for the time am refit ctio i I h :ve liestow.'d on this cotnmuniea tioo. J. C. CAMIOUN. "Riiml nl, That tiie Liberty Party iFORMED 31 \INLY FROM THE VVHtO. AND A (S SI K SSs with the Wiiiis ox all national palitiuai (QUESTIONS AND IN THE KAIN ON ALL QUESTION'S TOUCIIIXCS HUMAN FREEDOM Massachusetts Whig Convention. AH0L1TI0.N MOVEMENT. We puhlistie I a day or two since a resolu lion of a Whig convention, which, we reouh lisli fir the purpose of calling tlie public a tic ition to the dangerous alliance which it porien Is. The alii Iii?tt tru-t which it is our n ituro to cherish in the priceless honesty of ninny men of all [initio*?atria thorough conviction that the instincts of self interest usually operate whore principle is wanting; would prevent its from entertain" the thought that any man at the South who had commm sense or common spirit ?whether Whig or Democrat?could levitate a mnnvnt to give his hearty an I indignant .'isapprobation to any scheme of the Northern ahoiitioni>t?, if the question con! I he fiirlv put ? irr yon for i' or ftganis' i'? Tii? danger we believe does riot lay in open or direct <0i?port to the hor'rihle purpose, of th it party. Hut there is ilunger l'i it !his vital qA* ;,i m mn' he Mink ed or kept out of sight "The history of mankind?yiuch mare the history of faction?hut too plainly proves^fhat as a gui le to human ciiidnnt, ^nligliteije I rea. son is no nin'ch lor passion. That man is ever more sensible to the. prospect of present .gratification, than to the fear of future evil, however great. We have lonnd in the impetuous contests of parly, that judgment yields lit?r sceptre, ren-on her si way. That no private interest? no p itriotic concern?no domestic lie is found sufficient to restrain passion, and hope for suerev*. Our Presidential elections have f .r years aflorded instances from all parlies how fragile are a!! "forth which unite our social Icing? in one of ihoio intemperate struggles fir paitv ascendency. k And tli -re 'dies the nih licit onhes jthi'nso >h'l, of our fear* fir the future. Upon tin's subject we eaM tl; ?( t!f* Whigs to !oi>!< with critical disscoiiui.'* Tlu^y ean'iot hut per eeivethat the abolition partv lci< incensed, is i-iercusbig an lis not lild; to Ihohiish. That i'i-v wi'l !i.ive the aseim ! p.-v?;is ihev now li'?!d the balance ot power. in a!! the Ivisieni Slates needs no seer to prediel 'The \\ big* and Democrats have bulb toM us again and again, that we stumM depend upon mir ' Northern brethren*' and what what have our Northern h c'hre'n done? Why boili sides fir years were bidding f n-their support, until a handful nl (:inftfa< rvimi* fn lm n nfiurorfi,! ?in/l itui ' I ted party?who <*ao *jiv*? or withhold oilier (imf) either Whi;j or l)>"ii >oor:it, in seven ol the largest Settles in the IJninn. 'I'lli? is vvliai our Norlli. >r:i brethren have done. No'.\ thru, we ash the Southern Whigs if this n!li anoe of Ii??? Northern Whig* ami \lio'itioiii<l? should I in eonstimuiated* in the' nofuioatioii o an abolition candidate for Presid-nt or Yi<-< Pi iidi'iit?irh'tf. trill ihn/ th? It is idle to sat d tvi" no' tie done. Wo Mi'<-1 naoii'st'v loi?e t o!!t !i"J. ^Hnt wo cull oji o i! -ii to < iio< nit m' i<r(v ihj>rrisoi,-fls a. we u i:' ' ml ?vt tiiin.'i we may answer for lite Democratic party] ^Wvr m ' i rri n 1 T n t 11 i: a t they will oppose such a norninatjon if ma fie to the "extremist inch of possibility.*' It will i be too late when the candidates are already r nominated?when the trumpets have already sounded the eliaroe-?when the drums are beati j inn, tlu' banners living, and the armed host are . slioutbin for the onset?it will be too late then to stand "halting between too opinions." In - an hour like that may we not have every thing to fear from even the amiable weakness of hull man nature? Will not their Whig brethren g tell them?"give us but success?cariyour canv didate fir us and we will answer lor the safety to your institutions?" Will they not tell (lie g Soul Item Whigs that the best men and greatest it j patriots of our land have held the same specuiative opinions? Rut more than nil, who among >, the latter shall withstand?at that moment, i when victory is about to perch upon their ban i- u^rs?the memories ol the well louglit held* in if which Ihey have stood together through years is of struggle and .defeat against their common 0 | enemies th" Democrats? How muclT should n ; we have to fear?we repeat, that the whole parit ty would lie lured to the treacherous standard of abolition. In what wc have written we have not even glanced at the possdiility of the norniit nation of an abolitionist by the Democratic party. The truth is, there is no more, danger 1 | of their nominating ail abolitionist than a Whig, e We confess with shame for our party at the e j North, that they have tolerated their support of it j ten, ami often supported abolitionist candidates i- J for the sake of carrying elections. But when d i it conies to principle?a question of national fj politics?the Republican party?the true Democratic party who support a strict edits!ruction t of the Constitution, l?v the very tenuslpf their cfeed.arf^H open and irreconcilable lFur with e j every part of the abolition doctrine?arid the - I true ami only allies of this party are the Whigs ' as ilie Massachusetts convention have declars ! ed. ? Gcor"in Gunstilufinitnlisl. :- j t| j [From the N, 0,< onirayrrml Times' tt iris..] Z I LATER FROM THE SEAT OF WAR. 1 1 By the arrival here yesterday, from Brazos t j Santiago, of the steamship Edith, Capt- Goiiili? ! lard and the finirtuasied s eamship Virginia, i, | Capt. Tucker, sailed the.1th inst., jjjj^Jiave re s ' ceived files of the Maiarnoros American Flag, i? 1 to the 4tli instant, inclusive. They contain in ; tidligence from .Monterey to the 26th ulti i j rno. v j We find on mention made ol the reported ad. | vance of Aiiipmlia from Saltil.lo, to 'intercept l | Hen. Wool, and prevent his junction with Gen. , j Taylor- That report was put In circulation by , j an individual who was said to have left Monte . ! ray on the 13.h. Of course, we know not that I i it was a pure inventi >n, entirely destittile of ( j it inn. > We ar? sorry to find tlie news" confirmed s j that tlo? gallant Cnpt. Ridgley had met with a ! sail accident, which was likely to prove fatal, i I Indeed, it was positively affirmed yesterday in . ' the city, that he was dead. Our correspondent i i refers to the accident below. We deeply regret - 1 the untoward circumstance which has deprived i j the army of one of its brightest ornaments, and . the country of an invaluable public, servant. ? ' Shortly after leaving Hrasos Santiago, on the 7ih inst., the Kdith collnsped Iter flue, and seal; ded the second engineer, Mr. Cromwell, badly without any further injury. She made the , passage from Brasos Santiago under canvass, and brought hither 103 dischargetHrolunteers t and U. S. troops. The following items we take from the MataI rnoros King* f Sf. Joseph's Island.?The militai^ depot at .S't. Joseph's Island has been broken up. Col. > Belknap has returned from an inspection of the military depots on the Gulf, and hyfrU orders ' rl. ?n.?> f Jk* i 1 jT i I. The garrison stationed there have arrived at the I 'rasos. Dr. Hawkins has arrived in the city. C im :n he D p edalio ts.? \ small body of ' i Cain niche Indians paid a visit to Miera few ! ; days ago, stole a number of horses, robbed the ' houses nf the. inhabitants and it is said, robbed !! a party of American traders in the company ol 1 whom was a Mr. Bo'/ant, supposed to be from i this p'acc, who was killed, having in his possession at the time upwards of five thousand dot lars. The Indians were driven ofTand pursued bv the U. S. Dragoons. Tin' Tennesson Cavalry Regiment is encamped on the Palo Alio battle ground, i Due!.?A difficulty lately arose between two ! of our citizens?Daniel Murphy and John Ivin soy?which was thought to be settled with pisto Is. Accordingly they repaired to the Texan side of the river, where after measuring o'lF the ground, the belligerents worn posted, the word given and bo'h fired. Mr. Murphy received the ball ofhis opponent's pistol in the side, be. I ween the hip bone and lower rib, which inflicted a severe, though, not dangerous wound. Mr. Kin?ey was not hurt. Captain Kearney's company of dragoons arrived at Matainoros Nov'r 1st, and excited much admiration. They departed on the Aid for . Monterey. ! Fruits.?Large quantities of oranges liave been arriving here,, upon mules, from MontcrojHjind vicintv. This fruit is superior in flavor to i... i it '*?i ?i (lie ui'di iia?aiiU| aim <jmu: orange?thin skin, jiiiey ami sweet. Hie np- | pies groan Monterey, .it is said, will hear comparison with the finest in the United Slates. (jitvcrnar Morales.?(lovernor Morales and family had left the city rather precipitately, and the civil government "I the place was heingadministered hy an Alcalde. We can hear no reason for this hasty abandonment of Monterey bv the (iovertior, unless that he could not. consistently with hisoblimitionsto his(invchiment, I or her generals, accede to the requisitions made upon him by (Jen. Taylor?to furnish our troops with supplies. Arti/lrrj/.?-Companies F. and II. 1st regular Artillery, on duty at this post, packed up bag and baggage on the 3d insf., preparatory to a m ?ve to Monterey, ('apt. Norma 11, of comoany II, rviirl f.ieut. Haskius, cd company F. have So won npou*the good opinion o1' oiircit i/.ens. both Americans and Mexican, that, the : departure of their commands will be viewed i with regret POINT ISA R EL Nov: 2. , i Some short time since, a party left Malaj moras 1^?r C *??rpi?< Christa, with a drove of mules, ; ' . inteiidinn In jjo oastwardly vvilli tliem. A trout ! ? the 3-iI Oltiro l?, i< is said, the parly wore iiiur. ' | dere.i and roldied of every lliintj. The pro. i i perty. it i< rumored, belonged to Mr. Hunter, ' t who resides near Nacliitoelies, in your Slate. I'lie neighborhood of tin; San Colorado, is no ? I doidit infested by as "desperate a hand of white f i pecsons and Mexicans ns ever lived nnv where : | Rumors of an expedition against Tampion ; are plenty as blackberries. It is said a naval i force will co operate \Vitli the arniV. The |?ea ! vv pieces (.1 :i?lil-ery at ('amargon are still-he. in,' brought down the river. The Spi'lire, and . .i . .i._ n c ... -,.i....... ) one Ul iwcj UUILM f)l iw: u. en-am cwuvuuv ia, j ' are ofl" the Brazos Islund, for what particular purpose, I am not informed. Since I have commenced writing, ft gentleman connected with the army, has arrived here direct from Monterey. He tells me that every tiling was as quiet when lie left, as at any time since the capitulation. Provisions aiul>upplies ot various kinds, continue to he taken from Camargo for the uso of our nrrny,. and some of the regiments from below are moving up, to supply the places of those disbanded. Maj. Graham had not reached Camargo, when my informant left there, lie will probably reach Monterey in a day or two from this time. O. P, Q. From the N. 0. Picayune 11th inst. THE VERY LETEST FROM MONTEREY. Wo yesterday received,-after our main news from the Army was made up, a letter from a distinguished officer of the American Army at Monterey, which is three days later than anything we have seen. That portion of it in relation to llustamente we look upon as rather doubtful, although the old General may have been seen seen up in the neighborhood of Chihuahua and Sonora to look after Gen. Wool. We make extracts from the letter, which is daled, MONTEREY, Oct. 20. 1946. Poor Ridgley is dead. He was buried yesterday, and is mourned by the entire Army. | ^lajor'Lear will not live twenty-four hours long er. We. have late news from San Luis de Potosi, to the effect that Santa Anna was there with 12.000 men an no less thirty-seven Generals]I He was recruiting daily, but his intentions were not known. It is rumored that Busty, rrientc has gone North, in the direction of Chii huahiin, to meet General Wool, and further it ' j is positively asserted that the Indians are killing J | and lying waste all before ibein in tha latter j ! State. Not a line more in the shape of news, j Yours, &c. &ic. j ' A CON TRAST. In looking over our New.York papers. last week, our attention was arrested by an article . published in the Herald, and also by another in j Snn. The Herald say: "The women of New York dress inore gorgeously than those of anoth'T city in the world. We know ladies i who wear shawls worth one thousand dollars, and pocket handkerchiefs worth two hundred and filty dollars." We wonder what some of our plain country folks think of that?shawls worth one thousand''dollars, and pocket handkerchiefs [ worth two hundred and fifty dollars! Hut while j the Herald tolls of the "good things" enjoyed by the wealthy, the Sun tells of the sufferings of the of the. poor, and the hardships imposed upon them by their wealthy employers. Under the bead of "The Umbrella," he. states that the umbrella makers in that city allow the poor girls whom they employ but 3 cents for making I a parasol. S cents for a plain umbrella ami 5 i cents lor a corded one, and the girls have to find j their own thread at that. It appears that the i employers have made certain rules for th? gov- | ernment ??r those whom they employ ana nave | imposed fines (or the violation of the rules. An ' instance is mentioned where one of these "Shy- j lock" employers fined a poor girl 6il, for leav. j ing her seat to get a drink of water while toi'ing in his shop. The following are the concluding remarks of the Sun upon this sulijec': "Remember, Oh! man, that the cries of the oppress- j sod ascend to heaven; and the storm which is | gathering for thee shall fall upon thy head, in j spite of all thy umbrellas, though their number shotdd be legion!"?Chcraw Gazette. TIIE FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. Europe presents a striking contrast, within a Ir r?iintiin?ii) Ilimamn "fl T?l. .||?U till , T. litLlr ' I it had recently fallen. There are materials all around her thrones and governments for civil j strife and national conflict. In England, while the Ministry totters to its fall, dear food and scanty employment distress the working population. In Ireland gaunt famine and internal discord prevail extensively. Portugal is afllic. ted by insurrection.?Spain seems on the eve* of some convulsion in her government. Switzorland, quiet Switzerland, has plunged into civ. il dissensions,?while in their exterior relation; the leading Powers of Europe appear to he rapidly ac<*iniulating materials of new irritation and deeper wra'h. . ? ii- _ n _ '-1 r I hero are unimsiaKcnme signs 01 a cnange m Ministry in England. The Russell party have staved off the hour of trial until the assembling of Parliament, hilt they will never he able to rut the gordian knot of Irish difficulties. The Peel .Ministry had smoothed to them the path of domestic policy, on all but the condition of Ireland Her situation hasheconte more complicated since the retirement of Sir Robert Peel, His presence in the Cabinet, as Premier, will be again necessary to solve the knottv problems of Irish policy. We have no apprehension that the peace of .J Europe will soon be interrupted, although the ' causes of jealously and hatred between those 1 divisions which are separated by only a narrow 1 channel, ami which, control the politics of the ] ' ontinent, are4/npidly multiplying. < EjuLmd, | T^ay ho.JtnWvr resentments Franct^yn^ til Ireland becomes more tranquilized, as Louis j Philinnu tnav succeed in repressing for the prcs- , cnt, 1 hf* panics in France whrt ?ire stimulating 1 the national passions on account of llio English 1 alliance. A fund of reciprocal resentments is 5 however fuming between these two states. 1 which must involve the whole of Europe in a 1 war at no distant day. The press of both conn- I tries anpears to regard this event as eeitain, at an early period, speaking oppnly, and discus sing freely the subject of new alliances and combinations looking to this result. i ( un Cotton.?The Columbia Chronicle has the following notice of experiments touching , the new explosive, at the South Carolina Col- ' lege. We may expect soon to he.nr of the boys going out to shoot doves in in the cotton fields, \ armed with a bottle ol nitric acid instead of a flask of powder. But several things remain to lie learned yet, before Sciioenhkin supercedes Dui'ont. 4 In an "liter part of our paper wo have published a communication from a celcbiated ; European chemist, revealing the method of preparing the celebrated (11111 Cotton. Experiments have been made at the War office in Washington upon a quantity of it sent to this country by Professor Schoenbein, (who claims tn he the inventor.) and with satisfactory results We Imve hnrl an opportunity of testing its ex|)|nsive quality presoiially, through the politcnss of |)r. Eliot, Protestor of Chemistry in itio Si ml ii Carolina College, and entertain no doubt that it will mi !>e i cede use ofgun powder?if the cost of manufacturing will admit of it?in a great degree. It explodes morn readily than gun powder, and leaves comparatively no sediment or stain behind. It i.? due Dr. Eliot to stale, that on the annoiincen'ient of the discovery some time before tlie secret of preparing the cotton was revealed lie made the discovery of the agent employed, Ji* and successfully tested it. Our readers will r member thai we staled the fact, in our paper the 4th inst; and it was some days previous that time that we were informed of it. V\ learn that Dr. E. has since discovered that 1 adding another and a cheaper acid to the r;it? the explosive quality is increased. Dr. E. h kindly promised to .'jrnish us an article on tl: substitute for jinn powder, and we hope to pr sent .it to pur readers next week."^9 THE CAMDEN JOURNAi Wednesday .Homin? November 25, 184(5. W ELI AM B. JOHNSTON. EDITOR. Cotton The sales of the week have been limited, a ?frc portion of the cotton which carne in, having be stored for better pjir.es. Our quotations shew full \ c. declines. We quote 8 to 9?, tho Jarge sales at 8;{ to 9. Flonr. This article arrives in small quantities, and sel pretty readily at $5 from the wagon. mesmerism. . Dr. Webster has been eminently sucressf here, in his public experiments in this science.We should judge that ho has fully convinced tl larger portion of his audience, not only of the tru of the Mesmeric sleep, but of clairvoyance. II experiments on Saturday evening, were severe scrutinized, his patients were blindfolded, the positions changed, so that there could be no col! sion, anil yet every experiment was successful.Dr. W. is now engaged teaching a private clae embracing some of our most respectable citizer His next visit is to Columbia. We can only s; to our friends thero, if they can succeed in detec ing any thing like huinbuggery about this matte they are smarter than their neighbors. Since writing the above,-we have ronversi with several members of Dr. Webster's class, wl all testify tolhe truth of the science or art, two their number having operated on Frederick, ai performed the most satisfactory experiments wi him while in the Mesmeric sleep. It is the wi of the class, and. it is possible that Dr. W. \v comply with their wish,on this, (Wednesday) cv ning, to give another public lecture, ami place 01 of his pupils before the audi Mice, as the operate Such a step wc think, would remove the last ii gcring doubt of skepticism, and establish the tru of Mesmerism and Clairvoyance. The vast in jority of our community are already convinced. Call for Troops. The requisition for a Regiment of Voluntee for immediate service from this Slate, has heen length received by Gov*. Aiken; Whether tl Regiment now organized, and known as the "Pa metio Regiment," will accept the present cond lion?to serve for the war?remains to be seen; we are not mistaken, they were organized and vc un tee red for the termof twelve months. We tru they will do so, and that if their ranks have V? thin; ed by removals or otherwise, they will I speedily filled up. We In.ve not seen any prod u.ation from the Governor "yet, but presume tl necessary orders will ho issued shortly. For tl honor of our own District, we hope as many of tl present company as can go, will promptly respoi ?o the present calf, although we believe now as w nave always done, tlut a full company from th District is more, than ought to he expected. A efficient and well organized corps, from the Dii tridfc of Jvcrsliaw. Lancaster and Sumter, unite wouTd be a full quota in proportionto their po~puTi tion, and under the present call, provided the D< kalb Guards do not accept, such a company wi no (oubt be promptly organized. There are eigl regiments besides that, from South Carolina, en braced in the present call. (D* Since writing the above, we learn thatarol lor the organization of a corps from this Distric has been opened at the store of Messrs. S. . Young, & Co. We are also glad to state, that w understand Capt. Moffat, of the DeKaib Guard: was the first signer?a noble example to the men bers oi i.is company. We have been requested to call the attention c the proper officer, to the depredations of the Hog about the streets. We witnessed sou.e of thei about our Office on Monday morning. We hav no doubt the matter will bo attended to. Latest i'roiu .licxico. . By an arrival at New Orleans from Campeach advices from Yucatan, to the 2d inst. has been re ceived. Itseeips that a portion of the Gulf Squad ron, has made an attack upon Tabasco. Thro Steamers and four Schooners were engaged ii thii^tack. Commodore I'erry had an interviev with the Coiiunandcr of the town, which Ifust havi proved ^satisfactory, for as he was returning ti liis fleet/thcguiis of the town were opened intrhcTirRl toc?ustain a fire, whicl^fovc^nWi esf. ^The.lCoiriiiiodore tlien disembarked hi: roops and marched rapidly on the town withou Tiuch resistance, and after punishing the inhabit nits with a few shots, and battering down some o .heir houses, lie again withdrew. The Americai Fleets had captured the Brig Plymouth, with loUt lalf bales of cotton. Foreign News. The Great Western at New York, and the Aca lia at Boston, have both arrived since our last.Tlie former biought news to the 81st ult., ar.d th latter to the 4th insL The cotton market ha gained |d. on the 81st, but the Acadia brings new that this advance had been lost. They had re ceived the news of the taking of Monterey by Get Taylor. The proclamations of Commodore Sloa and Gen. Kearney, have affbrdcJ a fine theme fc the London newspapers. ? The aspect for^the pn litical horizon, seems to be just "now, sonieuha clouded, and the uUiente cordiale, between Franc and England, is unquestionably hrokeu^b^o??h present. The condition of Ireland is (l^PflroTen the extreme. O'l'onnell refuses to receive hi rent this year. We will give further particular of the political news next week. Letters of Marque! A private letter received in New Orleans, state that the Mexican Government had issued 3{) "letters of Marque," accompanied with the right of citizcn-ship for the respective crews, a?I thf il-n i.nmoouro' documents would be sect to ha van by the British Steamer, Jmj. A letter frotn IIa\ and corroborates the above intelligence. WAR DEPARTMENT Nov. 16,1846. Sin:?In my communication of the 19th < May last, your Excellency was requested to oi ganize one Regiment of volunteers, under ih e- Act of the 13th of thai month, to be b^H of readiness for public service. to The President now directs me to notif^^fl 1 e Excellency that one Infantry Regiment <^H| hy unteers, from your State, is requiredjt^l^^H ic diatu service, and to continue tbef^jiTduj^^H as war with Mexico unless sooner discharg?^^H| lis Should the number of private*, ou^Bj e- mustered, not fall below sixty-finr men in a company, it will he received. ? Charleston is designated as the place dezvou-j for the seveial companies, as tH~~^^J j be organized, and whcrp they mar be _ organized into a Regiment, if not filread/^B under a previous call. The Regiment \vtffl ~~ inspected and mustered into service, by an <H cerofthe United States Army, who wilI,H every case, be instructed to receive nomant^B wit " in years Apparently over 45 or under 13,'fl en who is not of physical strength and vigor. S , a this end the Inspector will be accompani^H igt a medical officer of the army, and the v?I^J fc teers will be submitted to his examination.flj j is respectfully suggested that public notifj^H these requirements will prevent macb dMH ]s poiniment to the zealous and patriotic citiifl of your State who may be disposed to tmI -^Hj Ry the enclosed copy of an Act autho^^B ul the President to call for volunteer*, it ? perceived that all the Field and Companj^^H fie ccrs with volunteers taken into the th | the U. States, a.*e to Ik> appointed and co^JB jg | sinned, or such as i^avc been appointed j missioned, in accordance with the latrs^^H State whence they are'laken, and I woo^H| gest the extreme importance to the pnbli^^B J" vice, that the officers of the above Rp^^^h ~ be judiciously-selected. H lf!? By the Act of Congress above referij^^H '? i it will also be seen that the lenoa <>) ty | are for twelve months, or to the' end/?^^^J :t- j war. unless sooner discharged, and if ;r ' that the Regiment which has been i your State, and is now in readiness to , I service, inav rr<rarrl their offer as mad^H^B i reference to the former period. Should 1 so, your Excellency will cause them ?" j ormed that the engagement require^ | requisition is to the end nt the war ^ | co, unless sooner discharged, and on tn^^HB di j limi on I v will their services he rcquirei^^JH ill j this understanding, the Regiment will e- 1 cepted. If the modi Beat ion snggested^^H| iic 1 not he acceptable to the regiment wh^^^H ir tendered its services, you are respecU^HH n quested to proceed, without delay, to j organize one in fulBment of this requp^^^H It may he proper to rematk that thq^Hflj a" vides tor the clothing (in money) at iBflflB tence of the non-commissione d nificetfl^^H eians, and privates of volunteers u ceived into the service of the (?nitedx^H^^| In respect to clothing, the law rcqu^H^H al the volunteers shall furnish their own :,e for which purpose it allows to earh mission- d officer, musician, and privt^^^H li- dollars and fifty cents per month, t time he shall he in the service of '-''HH S ates. I-i order that the volunteers st lie mustered into service under this may he enabled to provide thnjselve* a d suffi rent c o hi g, the com nnititio^J^^^ anc-? thrsix mouths (twenty one doIlar^K^^H '* advanced to each nou commissione^^^^^B 10 musician and private, after being ,e service, but onlv with the express )C that the Volunteer has already furnished id with six monthsclothino?litis fact e tied to the Paymaster by tho Cnptaia^^Hj ;s Company?or that tho amount thus^^^^H ? shall be applied, under the supcrris^^fl^H . Captain, to the object cuntemplalefl^^^| , In this letter case, the advance commfl^HD ? 'flulhin,. nill li || that ho is satisfied that it will bo so nppl^^HH In respect to subsistence before. arr^H^B " the place of rendezvous, and for travellir^^^H from the place of discharge, the alfow^^^H i- fifty cents for every twenty milesfttstan^^^H Tho President requests that you II prompt as possible in the nrrangegen^B^B t whole matter, in order thnt the j he ready lor immediate service. Office^^HJ Quarter Master and Subsistence Dep^^^H e will be immediately ordered to the plac^^^H s* dezvous, with funds to defray the neces^^^H ' peases which may he incurred. Very respectfully, Your obedient servant, r^B^H )f W. L. MARCY, Secretary 8 His Excellency William Aikkx, n South Carolinh. EXTRAORDINARY MARRIAHH We (Itiil the following account of marriage in the Louis Republican: Married, on the 1st inst., on board^^^^H rner Die Vernon, by Esq. Waugh. county, Mo., Mr. Baptistc Vcan to lotto Hoffman. |H^H 0 'The above was handed to us last " with a!) account of the wooing, engagen^MMB v i speedy marriage. 'I*fie happy groom is q j ard, wlio has just arrived from the Rio J I tad fdr bride, a wid w w is taken from J wJjrotijfh1 her f'rdtii Germany, an Pj liinc they met wan ?N hoard the I?!4 s ! where each had taken passage for t Neither could understand a word iheott^^^^J but the enatnoicd Spaniard, with eyesau^^^B tures, and occasional aid of an i liter pr^B^B ' vigorously urged bis-suit, that on the 1 out from New Orleans the widow surrc^^^H 3 and on the following day, there happe^HH be a Justice of the Peace on board, married. 'The joyful bridegroom regi^^^H passengers and officers of the boat wit^^^H pagnc and other delicacies, and spent - freely. And well he might, with the ^^^B c widow, he also got possession of forty tl|^HB| .1 ilnl'n rs ill cold, which, on his rominrr im U " r? 13 g she had deposited in ihc clerk's office. JH|H From Monterey.?Wc have advices u post as late as the 26th git. The healtl^^^H lt troops is said to he rather had at this tii^^^H ir principle complaints being tho diarrh^^H >- chills and fevers. It it supposed that it so readily obtained, increases the sickn^^^H e Tho Mexicans do not appear to lie e ^isposed towards the Americans in n as they are here, hut that may ho ow^^^H s lack of ppetning what they aro not; ranee of|the deep counterfeits thatot^^^H cans know so well how to play off. belonging to the Alabama regiment was^^^H ly strolling about outside the camp, whe^^^H cer was down upon him and ran him^^^H n several limes. Before the steamer Go). Cross left 8 go, news had reached that place of a lt dent, happening to one of our gallant^^^^l a iMaj. Randolph Ridgley who acted sodi^H^B ed a part in tho battles of dllay last, recently at the storming of Monterey, ing out, when his horse slipped and feliH I stone pavement. In the fall, Maj. ?f head struck with such force against t^^DJ : i stone as to fi actum his skull. lie waBHjfl o | live at the last advices although no