University of South Carolina Libraries
' 3 ''' JUT' 's': fZxpZ&fy ? I I I I mmmmgmmmmmg^smmmrnsgmmggmag^gms^ismmgmmmmm^ -irlLLV. Ufti ? CAMDEN JOURNAL. y; . .:. ; .* * /. '- ** .. . > -, '. ,~ V- ' *.. *. , ' -jz - ' _ /': *'*" '?' ??;" - ' ' 'f::* 'rK&--: -?r ? '-* ^ ' . =gBBgB. - , . - ^gg^g.,... ,r; - -:-v;- 1 . ,,""""-^JJi-i-J?t f 7t*J7ir SERIES'] VOL.3. CAMDEN, SOUTH-CAROLINA, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 2, 1842. ^, ^ " . V NO. 18. - . - ? * r? ?r 7^' * THEC1WDEX JOURNAL. PUBLISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY MORNING, BY TJIOVUS w. PKGIIKS. terms7~ Three Dollars per annum in advance, Three Dollars and Fifty Cents within six months, or Four Dollars at the expiration of the year. Advertisements inserted at 75 cents per square, 'foufteoi linos or less) for the first and 37? cents for each subseq'/en! insertion. The number of invtions to he noted on all advertisements, or they oil! be p:i dished until ordered to be discontinued, zrvl charged accordingly. One Dollar per square for a single insertion.? Quarterly and Monthly advertisements will be charged the same as a singleinseflion, and Semi-monthly the same as new ones. For publishing Citations as the law directs, three dollars will he charged. A11 Obituary Notices exceeding six lines, and Communications recommending Candidates for public ofices of pro It or trust?or puffing Exhibition will be charged as advertisements. D" Accounts for Advertising and Job Work will ' be presented for payment quarterly. All letters by mail must be post paid to insure ; p 'i net ual attention. MR. CLAY'S RESOLUTIONS. Cr We copy the. following abstract of Mr. Cal. .v. ,t o \Tr Clan's houn's speccn. in inr. v. o. ..... ?j Tarijf Resolutions, from the Charleston Mercury. We would be glad to lay the speech entire, before onr readers, but our limits will not permit us to do so. Mr. Calhoun commenced by saying that the Resolutions were of a very mixed and conflicting character. There was much in them that he approved, and much that lie condemned. lie approved of them in the first place, because they recognized the Compromise Act, and professed to respect its provisions; secondly because they asserted the principle that no duty shall be imposed but for the purposes o| revenue, and no revenue shall be raised except what is necessary for an economical administration of the Government; in the next place they givp the preference ' to ad valorem over specific duties, which he considered a poir t of no mean importance; and lastly, lie approved of them be. cause they asserted that in time of peace loans or Treasury notes should not lie calculated on as ways and means for the support of the Government, except as an expedient for a temporary emergency.? Having approved of s>? much, it might he asked what was left for him to disapprove ' ' * . I of. He disapprove'! ol tliem, oeeanse uiey did not cary nut in practice what they professed in principle. While they pro. fessed to lespert the Compromise Art, th"V set it aside in several -essential particulars. That Act declares that no duty shall he raised but for revenue, and that -only to the. extent necessary for the economical wants of the Government. The 'Cnmptomise grew out of the action of his Stale. Her object was, in the fir<t place, to put d->wii the protective policy, and having put that down, to guard against higli duties. If these objects had not beer considered secured by the act, ii would never have received his assent, and if he had assented, his .Stale would not have sustained him. South Carolina also considered thai if the tariff of I82S wis no' ar rested, it would lead to the most ridnoiu consequences to the whole Union: thai coiintless millions would be poured in in the Treasury, followed bv all the currupt ing consequences attendant upon such ? late {" things, endangering even the exis tenre of free government itself. These three point'* bring secured, the rest were considered as of comparatively minor im portance. Atttl in taking the part he Itat in this matter, he disavowed having beer actuated by any hostility to manufactures If there was a man who fell the most profound revirt lice and warm attachment t< inechnnieal and chemical science, it was che ituliMtlual who now addressed them I)poii the ndvancemement of these not! depended the ndvancement of civilization, and he who made improvements in them conferred the most important benefits upor the human race. By ihe Compromise Art, the list of fre< goods was not to he extended, and the duties not to uo b-yond 20 per cent.; these were guards against the recurrence of tlit .protective policy. These ami every oth er provision of that nci, are violated or at letnpted lobe violated in these Resold tinns, except tint for ad valorem duties, and even that lie was afraid under the mag. ic c?f h?>me valuation, would be got rid of, The Compromise was violated at the Extra Session, when the list of free articles was greatly extended, nearly doubled; and appropriations were made that were admitted by all to he extravagant, except the Chairman of the Committee on Finance, who declared, there was no room for retrenchment, none Gpr economy. And now it was proposed to increase the duties to 30 per cent, which was a plain and palpable violation of the act in so many words. But it might be said there was a necessity for this: if so it was a necessity o( their ot 11 creation ami no one bad a right t<i plead his own art as a justification for violation of'law. They hnd tint economized, they had greatly extended ib< list of free articles, and that for the benefit of the manufacturers; they had given away a large portion of the public revenue. ?- J? V ' ' ? .. j. > '7Z Mr. C. then went into calculations. and 'rmnnstrHtpd that if the Compromise w?? faithfully adhered to, there would be no : necessity r?f transcending the limit of 20 < per rent if the revenue from the lands ivas as it should be, reclaimed to the treasury, i It might he then asked why was the a"t ti" ui.ihiipi1 hv ihe Resold- I HVlClH^iru i?f vu ~j tions. To this there was but one answer: i their autlinr was the advocate and chain- i pion of a high tariff, which he considered | essential to the prosperity of the country; \ while he deemed free trade ruinous to it. i He was the lender of the party that was I governed by tariff, slocks, banks and m?>- i nopolies. If he respec's the Compromise, I there will he no protection, and he must forego his cherished principVs, and being ! in this dilemma, the weaker feelings yield to the stronger, and the Compromise is I forced to give way so far as it is in the way, and if is violated in every point ex- | cept the ad valorem principle, and even that will he got rid of, he was alraid, by a dexterous use of the home valuation. The Senator from Kentucky said that free trade had utterly failed, and calls upon those who have heretofore advocated it, to desist and join with liioi in pusoiug the opposite policy. Mr. Calhoun took issue on this point. In the first place we have had hat a faint approach to free trade; and the little we havp had, it has been with the business of the country in a most embarrassed condition, owing to the dis- 1 ordeied state of the currency, and our 1 greatest customer on the other side of the 1 Atlantic, on which our prosperity so much 1 depends, in nearly as embarrassed a coniliiion as ourselves. But, notwithstanding all these obstacles, free trade has realised the most sunguiqe expectations of its most sanguine friends, and he would demonstrate this by authentic documents. Mr. 0. then in the first place called the attention of the Senate to the amount oi l exports during a series of years, while the j: protective system was in full operation.? From 1824 to IS33, the aggregate ??f exports was $409,000,000, or ??u an average of $57,033,000. lie would now show what had been the ruinous cfleets of the iniquitous art which had arrested the protective system. The aggregate of exports from 1833 to 1840 was $708,000,000, being an annual average export in round numbers of $90,000,0.)0. The aggregate annual increase w.is $38,500,000. in favor of free trade. The aggregate amount of the last seven.years, being. 05 per cenlj of the whole amount of exports since the foundation of the government. But it might be said that this prosperity was only fell in the great staples; that the cotton, rice, and tobacco interests might flourish, hut manufactures would he injuriously affected. He would also demonstrate by the same official documents, that , the reverse of this was the fact. The export of dornesties, which in 1825 amountI ed to $5,709,000, had decreased in 1 ^<32 i to a very small fraction over 85,000,000. i And litis reduction was not the result of laws as fixed as that of gravitation. Well. , what was the result during these"en years , the principles of free trade gradually ad. vancing, which ii was asserted would ant:i.I hilatp our manufactures. Why that the Lviturlc ??f limed m u ?i n fit n I n ri.c rr ? ?? /1 n :t 11 v i ?*< 6 J [ advanced from five millions in 1832 to , twelve millions in 1810, being an increase ofseven millions, and two millions , more tlian ilie whole umounl exported in the palmy days ot the protective system, , before the compromise was passed. It.might be said that this increase of exports was occasioned by the depressed I prices of the home market. He would i endeavor t'? show that this was not the fact. Gentlemen would admit that Massa. cli use its afforded a fair criterion of the , condition of the manufacturing States, and . if slie was prosperous, the others could not be depressed. He would demonstrate . that never have manufactures increased to so great an extent, as under the reduced duties, and were never more flourishing , than at this very period. He would read from the Boston Atlas a statement of the . imports of Cotton into Massachusetts from 1835 to 1840, bv which it appears that in 1835 the imports were 82.0C0 halt s; in 18. 36. 82.000; 1837, 62,000; 1838, 96.000; 183!), 94,000; and i.i 1840, 130,000 hales, and the editor remarks that lor the tirsi I five months of 1841, the imports amounted to 93,000 boles, and that for the whole year iliey might be safely estimated at 150,000 bales, showing an increase in eight years of 70,000 hales, within 10,000 bales of what was consumed in all that vast amount of manufactures, of which we have heaid so much: under the fostering , influence of a high tariff He was rejoiced at their prosperity, and the more so, hecause it was in coincidence with the prevalence of free trade. Mr. C. then showed fmm an article from no eastern paper which he deemed an. themic, the amount of cotton cloth produced at Lowell in the year 1839 and 1840, and th?- prices obtained for them, hy \Yhirh i it. appeared that the aggregate profits of 1839 were estimated at $3,100,000. whih ( those of 1840 were estimated at $3.3000;> 000; the nett increase of the latter over the former vear ol $1,195,000. -:r.. He has presented this picture of the prosperity of the manufacturing States, f-- -k; - / H- > ' ->?- r find he would now turn his attention to another section.?Senators on the other side have drawn a gloomy picture of the condition of the South, and declare thai ilu* prices of her ureal staple are lower tl the present moment, than at any other period since the w ar. And yet theyenme here, and notwithstanding the depressed condition of the South, ask her to gi"e llieni still greater advantages at her expense. Iti his examination of the "exports :>f the South, he would confine himself to ihe three great slaplesj cotton, rice, and tobacco. The aggregate value of the rotton exported from 1 626 to 1834, a mo tin ted r\r\n nnn vulnp #?f tlial ex* in ,UUU,UUV. I ?v -uihw v. - ported from 1S34 to 1841, amounted to 8435.000,000; the excess of the latter period over the former, hping 18234,000,000. being an increase nfTl& per cent, in ei^ht years, on that single uriicle. The aggregate value of rice exported from I $26 to 1834 was, in round numbers, 816.000,000; and the value >>f that expoiteil from 1*934 to 1841, was 15.300.0000, being a diminution of nearly a million, and ihi* w?* the. only article that bail fallen off. ' T.Iji* was io be attributed in part to its beiiijr carried into the interior by railroads, and ill part to the diversion of the capita) emtdoyetl in iis production, to the culture of Option.?? The exports of tobacco from 1826-to 4634, nmoiiiited in vhIup to 840.000,000; while those from 1834 to 1841 amounted t?r 858.000.000, the excessbeing 818,000,000, or 43 per cent. Tliis increase of southern exports was attributable to the . reduced duties on the products of France ami Germany. The aggregate gain to the southern Stales, of ihe one period over the other, was 8251.000,000, anil the increase per annum was 835,607'000, in the three-enumerated articles. He then demonstrated by the prices of the various years that the increase of profits to the South, of the latter period orer the former, amounted to 8233,000.000; and be thought that even this was far below the truth. He then proceeded loan examination 01 the causes of the present embarrassments of the conutry. This he traceil to toe tariff art of 1828. B\ this act the exchan ges wete turned in favor this country; the bunks relieved from the apprehension of a foreign demand for specie, expanded their issues. By the general use of their notes, the legal currency was driven from the country, ami we were compelled to a liquidation at n moment when our means are placed beyond our reach. The Senators on the other sid" mistaking effect for cause, call upon iliem to go over the same ground again?to revive the exploded system of protection?lor exploded it was, not only in this country, hut in Engla/nl, in the minds of some of iter most distio. gnisheo statesmen? to he followed by the same disastrous results which we had al. ready experienced from the stimulating process ol protective tarifls. The nation iuid drank until it had become dead, und now, when ?ur nerves are all unstrung and trembling, instead of acting the part of wise physicians, and prescribing total abstinence, we are told to drink, drink, drink. The Senator from Kentucky, as a clincherto the whole of his argument, had told them that cotton was never lower at anyperiod since the wa?\ It has been recently staled, on undoubted authority, that cotton sold at Fayetteville, in 1821, as low as five cents. He would, however, take the tables of quantity as we'll as price, which both enter into valuc,'-atid see how it bore out the Senator's statement. The value of the C'lttun crop of 1831 was 835,600.000; thai of 1841, 663,450.000; an increase ?>f value of $27,700,000. The nggrrgsite value of the cotton exported from 1819 to 1826, was $55,500,000; during the next seven years, which were years of protection, from 18-6 to 1834, the aggregate value was hot 53,000.000, a ThIlintf off luring the next seven years, from 1834 to 1841, which were years of descending duties, the aggregate value was 878,338,000, heing h clear inrr*ase upon the proceeding seven years of 825.375,000. He -then proceeded to exlrmine the effects of the two systems upon tlie tonnage ??f Charleston, wliirh were equally favorable to free trai e, havinggradually diminished nnder the protective system, end increased under tlie descending duties until in !b36it was higher than it ever was beloie, since which it has decreased a Itule in consequence of our financial embarrassments. Having shown from data taken from official documents, the immense advantages we had derived from our limited approach to free trade, did he imagine that it would produce any effect on gentlemen on the other side? No not the least. The interests which predominate in their party would not forego their purpose should one risp front the dead and forbid it. Free trade was a divine principle; it wa3 among the laws of Providence to advance human civilization. Ifundet-ull the embarrassing circumstances by which we were surround<?'! ??- d s ha VP hpf?ii sn v^ntut/PdiK * HO r... " 6- , what would it have been with a sound currency * and. the entire absence of protective dfties, f iih the vast, ihe illimifWble resour.1' res of our coiinirv, and the intelligence and energy of <?ur citizens? He admitted that his Stan: had felt the pressure, and nothing but her greatly increased exports had enabled her to stand under it: and her ' * * i/ * ? . . . r - A . V _ _ ' -; or. banks pay speci-e while she is surrounded a (in all sides by banks in a slate of suspen- e si'?n. j Mr. C., at some length, went into an in^ ? ve^iigaiion ofhow far it was probable the i East India cotton would enter into compe- I tition with that of this country; that onr i rotten planters with their superior inlelli- c geticeand -energy could live, while the s East Indian, with his laborers at twocenls I per day, would starve; and concluded by remarking, that if gentlemen would* not in* <: te.r/erewith their prohibitory duties, in hi* f opinion the prospects of the cotton planter r for the next ten years,, were belter than tliey ever liave been before. / % - A LEAF, % from thf. diary of a tobacco x3ikwer. " Mr. Editor: Do you chew tobacco? t f did till lust Sunday, when I put my vein ' on the practice. The why and the wherefore I have sent you hoping that if you ? are guilty of useing the Indian weed, a ^ leaf from my diary may be the means ol j re/otming you. , , Satuiday. Oct.]9. 1841. Took my'hat r Tor a walk; wife, as wives are apt to,'be- . [gan to. load me with messagesupon seeing in? ready to go out. Asked me to call at < cousin M?'s and 'borrow for her The * Sorrows of Werter.' Hate a wife to rend such pamby stuff?but must humor her whims, and concluded that I had rather she would take pleasure over Werter's , sorrows, than employ her tongue in ma king sorrows' Tor your humble servant. ( Got to cousin M?'s door. Now cousin M. is an old maid, and a dreodf-ul tidy woman. Like-tidy women well enough, | hut can't bear voulr dreadful tidy ones, be- . caiine I am alvvays in a dread while, on their premises, lest I should offend their superlative neatness'by a bit ol gravel on ( the sole of my boot, or such matter. j Walked in?delivered my message, and seated mysplf in one of her cane bottomed I chairs while she rnmmaged the'book case., * Foigot to take out my Cavendish before j I entered, and while she hunted, felt the tide rising. No ?*pit box in the room.? 1 Windows closed. Floors carpeted.?Stove varnished: Looked at the fire-place 1 ?full of flowers, and hearth newly daub- ' ed with spanish brown. :Hpre was a fix. Felt the flood of essence nf'Cavendrsh accumulating. -Began to reason "with 'myseli whether, as a last alternative, it were better to drown the -flowers, bedaub the hearth, or flood the carpel Mouth in the mean tiole pretty well 'filled. To n?hl to my misery she began to ask questions.? 'Did you ever read this book, Mr. ?I' Yes, ma'am,' said i, in a voice like a frog in the boit-'in of a well, while I .wished book, cousin and all, were with Pha. mail's host in the Red Sea. '4How did you like it?1 continued the indefatigable querist. I threw my head on the back of the chair, mouth upwards to :preverit hn overflow. She at last found The Sorrows of Wcnen, and came towards me. 4Qh dear, cousin Oliver, don't put your head . on the chair, now don't, you'll grease it, and lake off the gilding.' i could not answer her, hu?>ing now lost the power of speerh entirely, and my cheeks were (listended line tlmse of a toad tmder a mushroom. Why, Oliver,' said my persevering tormentor, unconscious of the reason of my appearance, 4you are sick, I know you are, your face is dreadfully swelled!' and before I 'could prevent her, her hartshorn we're clapppd to my distended nostrils. As my mouth wa^ dosed imperlurbably, the orifices in my nasal organ were at that time my only breathing place. Judge then what a commotion a full snuff of hartshorn created among my olfactories! 1 boiled for the door, and a hearty achee.he-chee, relieved my proboscis, and tobacco, chyle, &.C., 'all at Once disgorged' from my month restored rne to the faculty of speech. Her eyes followed me in astonishment, and I returned and relieved my enibarrasment by putting a load off my conscience. 1 told her I had been trying to relieve the toothache by the temporary use of tobacco, while, truth to tell, 1 never had an aching fang in my head. 1 went home mortified. Sunday Forenoon. Friend A. invited myself and wife to take a seat with him to hear the eel hra'eil Mr. preach. Coin - - - a a _ i (Juried by neighbor A. lo his pew. mourn, as usual, full of tobacco; and horror of horrors, f<>und the pew elegantly carpeted, whit" and green, to or ihrep nice crickets, and a hat standi but no spit box! Thes?r- i vice commenced} every peal on tlie organ j was answered by an inier'tal appeal from I my mouth for a liberation from its contents; < but the thing was impossible. I thought ofusingmy hat for a spit box; bull cou):l I do nothing unperceived. I took out my > handkerchief, bill found in the plenitude of ( her officiousness, thatmv wife had placet | one of her white cambrics in my pockets i stead of my bandanna. Here waj. g dilemma. By the lime the preacher had named Ins text, my check reached its ut- | most tension, and I must spit or die! 1 arose, seized toy hat and niade-for the door, t My wife, [confound the women, how thev dogone about,] imagining me unwell, [she \ might have known better.] got up ami c followed me. 'A/eyoq unwell, Oliver?' said she, as the door closed after tu. I | M *-< *-' ' --.ff- , '"gaa inswered her by putting out the fcVes 0&" '-** tu unlucky do?, with a flood of loljncro T uice. *1 .wish,'said site.'Mr. A? ^ad ^ i spit-box in ftw pew.' We fooled iLhojra ' ?/, n moody silence. I vvnt sorry W. wife "* lad Inst the sermon, but bow ronid I heljr t? These.women are so affectionate? ..?# toiifottlid tliem?no, 1 donfmenn so. Hut ll^might lia,ve know n what was the matm ' . r_ er wiin rr.p anu-hcpi nrr m-si. *~ ^ Tobacco, O, tobacco! Hut the deeds f that (lay are not all tohl yet. After the onclusion of the service, along came far- ^ ner Ploughshare; He had seen me go out -?*. if church, and stopped at the operi wiijdotfr vfiere I sai. 'Sick t"-clay, 'Wr. ^ ?*-?Rather tinwell,' answered L and t |tere . ras another lie to he placed to the ac^hunt fif tobacco. 'We had powerful preimunj!; intrry you had to go out.' My wtfijiaked lim in?and in he came?she rnjglt^have ;nown he would?hut womet"77t#lrneso Xilite. But she was the sufferer by it.? himplimeuts over, f gave him tnv c1 air >y the window, Down he sat, and f m- j ding in his..pockeis, drew forth n formidntie pjug of tobacco, and commenced un? ''-rjA wisting it.-,,-"l'hen ynu w?u* i?harro, said < ., .' 4A little occasionally/ said he,^ns lie % b-posited .from three to four inches in his :li?ek. 'A neat fence that of yourn,' as lo^ittl aftpr flood-from his mouth bespatter, d.a-newly painted while fence near the vilfdow. 'Yes,' said I, 'hut 1 like a darker olor.' 'So do I,' answered Ploughshare,V.C anil yaller suits my notion; it don't show" lirt.' And hp moistened my carpet with tis favorite color. 'Good!' thought I. wifev-\ i 11 ask him in again, I guess. We wefe^.^fe i??w summoned to dinner. Farmer' Ploughshare seated himself, I saw his h>rg4v ingersin that particular position in which' t tobacco chewer knows hoiv, to put his ^ ligita when about to - unlade^ He their- a hrew ihem across his mouth. " T-irpmldeif % "or the consequences, should", he throw -- melt a load upon the hearth or floor. Buttie hjul no intention thus to tvaste his. quid^Si " shorking torelate?deposited it besid6? his plate, on my wifs white "damask table-Tosh'! This Was too murh, J;plead sicknessand " < rose. There was no lie in the assertion lliis time, I Was sick. I retired from the- , table; but my departure did notdiscompose" Farmer PI ughshnre, who was uncon- >: scions ofhaviog done wrong I returned in season to see Farmer PloughshareReplace- 4 his quid in his mouth to undergo a spcontf mastication,-.and the church bell oppor- ^ tunely ringing, called him away, beforo :f% he could use his plate for a spit box, for such, I am pursuaded wouhl have been fits1 f< next motion. I went up stairs, and throwing myself on the bed, fell asleep. Dreamt of inundations and floods and fire harrassed me. I thought I was burning and smoked like a cigar. I then thought the Merrimack had hurst its banks, and was-, about to overflow me with its Waters. I could not escape?the water had reached my chin?I tasted it?it was like tohaeco jtitfce. I coughed and screamed, and awakeuing, found I had fell asleep with a quid in my mouth;- My wife entering at tho^. moment, I threw away the filthy weed.?. M..? :ri i......1.1 ?. ?u..? &jvi?* ii i weir > uu# i wMiiti III?L use ma* stuffanv more!' ?! won't,' said I. Since Sun (lay last, I have kept my word. Nei- therFignor Twist, Pigtail nor Cavendish have passed my lips since then, nor ever -f*? shall again. ^' ' 't ' ? The following is one of the most touch* ing tales of affliction we rpmber to have read for many a day. We find it in the Kanawha Republican of the 5th instanantt v Rich. Compiler. Heart Rending Occurrence?On the 16th February, Mr. William M'Cltmg left his peaceful habitation, his wife and, four children, in the wilderness of NickoU* county, Vs., and went to SummersviHe to... transact some business, with an inteutign^^to return home that evening; but the rnnuinf^ tain storm became .so .intense in the after. 1- _ ? I I /< .'I I . _ _ VI* w /? noon, mm ne-tiecnncti cioingso. ms win? and children having retired to. rest, were alarmed at a late hntir by the burning of their house. Site escaped with her Iitrie * ones front the violence of the devouring firp?but, alas ! alas !! it was only to perish by the pollings of the pitiless storm!'^he next tiny, when Mr. M*cl'nng re- e> turned home. He found his house consumed by the flames, and his. wife atnl all his children-frozen to death! The shock '-* was too great forfcehle'human nature;, he ^ sunk untler it; he became wild; he desired to be burned with his family, and his friends were compelled to put him in close confinement. A sympathizing heart scarcely can de- ,N ' lermine which to pity most; the mother tnd the children who pprished tn an h"ttr, tr the husband antl the fa her, who' lived o feel the painsof death a thousand times. ?. Hamilton. "Pa, I want a new hat?no, not a hat, )ut a cap." "Ynu can't have any now; the times ere oo hard." "But aint them pood time^eomo yet, roil told about, when you cut logs for the :abin on State-street?" "Go to- bed, you rascal! What do you mow_about politics?"?Rochester R<>?. Iv * ', ? "A > ' J vJ-%! ' +' " . - i