University of South Carolina Libraries
? ? > - ? * . . r. - ? .rjK. . v * ? * %. . TWO DOLLARS PEE ANNUM. "The Price of Liberty is Eternal Vigilance." PAYABLE IN ADVANCE. BY DAVIS & HOLLINGS WORTH. ABBEVILLE, SOUTH CAROLINA, THURSDAY MORNING, JANUARY 10, 1856. ^ -VOL. XII NO. 38 i ' THE ABBEVILLE BANNER 18 PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY HORNING. BY DAVIS & HOLLINGSWORTH, PROPRIETORS. TERMS: Two Dollars per annum, if paid in advance; Two Dollars and Fifty Cknth if not paid within six inontliK, und Tiirkk Dollars if not paid bofore ibe end of the year. All subscriptions not limited nt the time of subscribing, will be con 1 n? iml.ifii.iii> and will he continued until arrearages ure paid, or at the option of the Pro"prietors. Orders frotn other Stales must invari <i6/</ be accompanied with the Cash. Advertisement* inserted at 75 cents per Square (12 lines or lew) for the first insertion, ami 37 4 cents for each subsequent insertion. All Advertisements not having the desired number of insertions marked upoit them, will he continued until forbiil, and charged accordingly. Liberal deductions will be made to those advertising by Contract. Transient Advertisements must he paid for in advunce. For announcing a Candidate, $3 in advance. For advertising Estrays, $2, to bo paid by the Magistrate advertising. PRINTING, Of every Description and in the best style EXECUTED AT THIS OFFICE: Embracing such as business cabi)?, hasp dills, any size, Kiccirrs, rosTKiis, " bill iirads, oooks, pami'itlkts, brikfh, blanks of all kinds. iw The Proprietors of the A nnKviLi.fi Kannkb ansiire their friend* and the public, Mint their orders for any thing in the Job Printing line will be executed in the best manner, and at as love rates as at nnv other establishment. From the Eufanla (Ala.) Spirit oj the South. To Kansas Emigrant*. Numerous applicants to join my company, having propounded very many questions touching my plans, views, offers, time and place of rendezvous for starting, mode of travel, outfit, ?fcc., I, in this way, answer all at once. 1st. I propose to take to Kansas as many as will go, who are old enough and strong enough to perform light military duty, and are likely to l>e a benefit to that country, and without regard to whether they are old enough to vote or not: and I will take for granted, that nearly all who go professing to be friends of the South, will prove such, no matter where they were born, and birth place shall be no objection. I will go with nny number that offers, or comes to join ine. I have already over ninety applicants, and do not doubt being able to iniau a company, highly respectable, in point of numbers, character and intelligence. 2d. " What so far is the character of the Applicants, and who will I take ?" For the most part, the applicant* arc clever, honest, poor, young men. froiu the country, without wife or children, and accustomed to agricultural labor; ami such I prefer, liesides these, there arc several young merchants, clerks, mechanics, printers, editors, one physician, and three young lawyers of fine education, diameter mul ???????? , ? Also, several m-irried men wlio will leave tlicir families, and send for them after the first year; and this is the best plan for men with families ; for if we get there in March, (as I hope to do) it will he cold and uncomfortable fof women and children to remain in tents till houses could he built. I will, however, take entire families, women, children and negroes.?Provided, the preemption claims of the father and larger children will be sufficient to indemnify me for the expense, or if the father can pay the deficit?for example, a father with a wife, ten children and live negroes applies,?say there are two sons large enough to settle off to themselves, and take their pre-emption or donation claims; and a wife, eight children and five slaves not entitled to preemptions. I would charce th? failior nn<l o " two sons for transportation and subsistence to Kansas, half their pre-emption claims, or if they were entitled to donations inP stead of pre-emptions to 100 acres, each, then, I would only require from each of them fifty acres of their respective donations, and for transportation and subsistence of the wife and eight children, and 'five negroes, I would charge, say for the wife,fifty, dollars, for the female children over fifteen years old, forty dollars each, for those between ten and fifteen, thirty dollars each, for ll:ose between five and ten, twenty dollars each, and for female childreu under five, ten dollar* each, male children and slaves, I will take at one-fifth less rates. And to encourage the taking of a few slaves, for the first one I would charge only half price. .. In payment, 1 will take pre-emption fands t At three dollars per acre, or donation lands > at four. And besides, as there will be private contributions ..reaching froijT five ;'4r hundred, to perhaps as many thousand lars, to enable tne to carry emigrants wftli* Out ai?y'charge to them, I will put on y free list tliose who have ?? ence to those who have none?so that aH tilings considered, I think 1 shall be able to take all that.1 apply, trusting to their preemption*, and to private contribution* to indemnify me. 3. u What inducements do I offer to roe? chanics, ministers, civil engineen, surveyors, printers, agents, secretaries, &cn and what | to Other* P Of the professions/and offices above specified, we already have as many aa meet the exigencies of tho expedition, and hereafter place them on no better footing than agricultural applicants,exoept that ^ I would prefer them on the free list to ag' v . ri cultural spplicSnU, for tbe reason (hat they would not be so apt to obtain pre* emptions or donations of land, as I underV etand thai to require actual residence on, k'? f $ ? " * -M - - " and cultivation of tho land. But still, 1 have reason to liopo that private contributions will so far extend my free list as to enable ine to tako all who could not otherwise remunerate me. Let all apply ! let all come. I have lately seen a letter to a friend of mine in Columbus, Georgia, from a highly intelligent friend of his, late a surgeon in the United States army, and now residing in Kansas ; he says in that letter that when he fiist saw Kansas many years ago, it strongly impressed him as tho most beautiful and desirable country he had ever seen ; since which time in his connection with the army, he has explored Florida and the entire west, including Texas and California; and all tic tins seen has only strengthened his first predilections in favor of Kansas. He further says :?u As far as health, climate, and profits of negro labor is concerned, this is better than any country in the Union. It is true, we have hot and cold, wet and dry weather; but I never saw the country where a man can be more independent and make his bread aud meat with less capital than here. Ten or twelve furrows run in corn, will make ten barrels to tho acre. One thousand pounds of hemp is a common crop to tho acre. Wheat and oats do well; oceans of grass and swarms of cattle, and, with all, good markets for every thing." Tho Hon. S. G. Cato, tho Territorial Judge, in a recent letter to his brother of this place, savs :?" The people here are quiet and orderly, sharp and intelligent, a little rough in manner, but warm hearted and cordial. * * * xin8 js as fi?e a country as any on the face of the earth, and the profits of its productions would far exceed those of the cotton fields of the South. All kinds of grain, grass, clover and hemp, yield a rich product. * * * 1 have 110 doubt, but that slave labor would viol,! 1.^? ?1 ?1?? c. J ?VI\? Ml livilljr, Will IIDU gllllll) i?t ICil^L IIUIII thirty to forty dollars per acre annually. I have seen no poor land, it all seems to me richer than the best Chattahoochee bottom, and most of it is just such land as in the adjoining Missouri counties is now selling at from twenty to fifty dollars per acre. Corn is now selling at twenty-five cents per bushel, and the product estimated at one hundred bushels per acre; and the hemp crop (six tons per hand) at ?140.00 per ton, and you see at once how labor is more productive here than at the South. Il is impossible to give an adequate idea of the I Un..i.. .....i .i.? ?~:t I u?.?iu%.j jti hiiij xji me ou11 iiiiM \ajuiiuj' , gencrall}' rolling, without ft great dtal of timber, but as I understand abounding in coal for fires, and 6tone for building and fencing; good wells of water can bo obtained any where, besides frequent streams runniug through the prairies." Tho inducement I otFer, is to transport the emigrant to this paradise where he can get a fee simple title to eighty acres of sueh land, convenient to market and good navigation, and only for the trouble of settling on it and going to work; in oilier word?, I will furnish him subsistence and transj ort&tion to Kansas, for one half of his ICO acres pre-emption claim, and pay the entrance money for the whole; or, if he gets a donation, I will transport aud subsist him to Kansas, for 50 acres of his 100 donation ?and if he wishes, before starting, to be guarantied against starving, I will for 40 acres more, subsist him till he can get employment.. But there is no difficulty about getting employment; and if the emigrant prefers to go immediately to work on his pre-emption, lie can get credit for his bread, and his rifle will furnish his meat?there is no danger of starving. I think the surveyor, school teacher, physicinn, carpenter and blacksmith, could at once get into a living business ; while I am certain the agricultural laborer could. And besides litis, ?s I propose to stop for recruits en route at Columbus, Tuskegee, Montgomery, Selma, Ualtaba, Mobile, New Orleans, Natchez, Vicksburgh, St. Louis, <fcc., I doubt not the citizens of those places would furnish .the company with means to procure a good military, and perhaps even agricultural outfit; as also means for a temporary subsistence after reaching Kansas. V 4th. As to the outfit required to join the expedition, it will be only an honest face, and health, strength and appetite, to take soldier's fare. But all who can, ought to take ammunition, a rifle or musket, from one to four blankets, warm clothing, flannel shirts inclusive, with cloth for tents. r s'pih.- 'The duty required of all not on tbe list of gsatuitous transports, is to get a pre emption or Und donation, if possible : and I consistently, with that object, to go where and when they pleiue. Of <50ui*e, if civ1l disturbances arise, every citizen will be expected to defend, as far as he well' can, the a . -- 1 - ?... rigiii hiu? j ana uiougn it will D6 deairsOto to keep up the military organization of the company, and hare stated drills, yet any military serviced most be left to eSch one's sense of expediency, as there is no law to enforce them. Of coarse, It will be to the common advantage for all to settle as near together a* possible, f6r the member* of such h company would naturally help, protect, and defend each other through life,, and this is another inducement to going ' with a company. I hare been asked if 1 would, without charge, allow persona to join company, who would pay their own 4 expenses? " I will freely do ao; but then sxicli would not be benefitted by any contributions that may bo mado us by tho way. Olli. Organization to bo that of a military company, with officers corresponding to company in service?leader, to be captain, with power of removing subaltern officers. All officers uuder captain to be elected by the company. Character of Cltl.ololAtt/lA 1- * oui/oioi\;iiv.u iiiiu llitHOJlUI UtllUll, SUCH ns IS usual with soldiers in service?for instance, steerage passage, with sufficiency of such food as is usually furnished the army. Eufuula, Silver Hun, on the Cirard and Mobile Rail ltoad, Columbus and Montgomery, will bo the places of rendezvous; but those with women and children, must rendezvous at some point on the Rail Road.? Single men may rendezvous nb Eufaula on the fifth of February next, and emigrants of any other description may rendezvous at the other points by the tenth of February. We will go by rail road and steamers, either by the Mobile and New Orleans, or by tho Atlanta and Nashville route, according to tlie state of the Alabama river. If fifty or more single men, armed and uniformed, prefer to rendezvous at Charleston, Columbia, Augusta, Savannah or Atlanta, and apply, I will receive them there. 7th. Rations will be issued from tho day appointed for rendezvous, up to ten days after landing iu Kansas?but no provision will be made for furnishing subsistence prior )to the time of rendezvous, because the men would be worn out by a long encampment, become demoralized, and desert. The women and children will have the same character of subsistence and transportation with the men. I am asked what is meant by saying that "each successive contribution receipt shall specify one emigrant more than its predecessor ?" I answer, that I have been promised, and expect some contributions?that for the first fifty dollars so paid, by one or more contributors. I will five him or tlicm ? o ~ " my written obligation, within six mouths thereafter, to land one emigrant in Kansas, or refund the money with interest?for the next fifty. I will give a like obligation to land two, and for the next, three, &c. When I return, I will publish a report, giving tho name of every emigrant, with the post offices where enlisted, nnd where left; and distinguishing those taken by the contribution fund, from those paying their way?nnd those taken under promise to reimburse by assignment of pre-emption or otherwise ; said report shall also specify the name and post ofiice of such contributor; and its failure to do so, shall give the right to recover the amount of any such fifty dollar obligation as may be omitted in such report. The surveying of the lands will be finished early in tho spring, and that is the lime locations ought to be made. Those wishing to go, may make their arrangements accordingly. In answer to another question, I have to say, that with corn at 23 cents, and game plenty, the cost of liv| ing in Kansas cannot be high. Is there indeed no public spirit?no enthusiasm left us ? If a foreign enemy was approaching our borders merely to take our property, or to establish a different form of government, and one under which our civilization and social nosition wmilrl nnt in . 1 ? "'* tcriiilly retrograde, still every one would fly to arms, and give his last dollar, and last drop of blood to repel the invader; and yet we could regain property, or reform a bad government; but social degradation can never be redeemed. And this degradation Abolitionism is threatening us with ; for it cannot stop short of universal freedom, equality and fraternity ; and when it emancipates, it must protect its beneficiaries, by giving tliein right to bear arms?to vote? to testify?to make laws?'nay, by sending the federal army to defend them, and to fight their battles. It is, therefore, no mere property question of whether slaves shall be owned, or of who shall own them, but a question of races, equally affecting every white skin in the land?it is a question of whether the inferior race, ceasing to be producers and tax payers, shall become drones and eat up the hive?whether the stencliy Ethiopian shall sleep with the white man? sit with him in church?jostle him in the t il-i.;? t -t ? oucci?tiiiusi/ mm irum me assembly, Ibe witness standi the jury and the ballot box ?marry his daughters, make and administer his laws?steal his pigs, and put bim in prison for complaining ? a question in which every white akin is equally inter ested. v\ - . -> The war ia now waging, that involves these terrible facts, and Kansas is the great termopyloe and pass in the mountain barthe two armies are even now contending. Will tfOfw go ipith me? 'Will none aid us in flying 1* \he rescue f, I have'already nioet^Wf^direct applies- ' tions, besides many others *?*hing to go. I confidently expeot over atrial^ i AroA in amUmJ? r ? ... WHYw7I vutuijwiug ??w/ I'lyiuqr1 j: sion and claaa of society. I wilt go jf I gab but ten ? and will start frortt Eufaula, via ' S'llrer Run, Columbus, OpelikA and Montgomery, on the eleventh day of February next, and I will take all who join roe. . I know that my cbatgea are too ipoder* ate, and that my only security to reimburse outlay U the $r?>eri>ptotfs promise to assign, which is void and cannot be enforced?I know the eqterprjq) pay wholly jniin my i V estate, unless a great deal more aid com* from others than T am likely to get; bi every good causc must hare its martyrevery storm its first in the breach?and wi the army in rear give nothing, t* shield h breast! Aid must come alone from ind viduitl, voluntary contribution ; because tl States as Suites, cannot act while under tl control of national partyism. I have wai ed for more able leaders to set exampleswill none try to aid?try to save me ? Lt every true hearted man, who sees or hea of this, and is friendly to the cause, appl to his neicrlll>Ors Alii! ltrnro fr? >inlr. 11 o ? ?o" ?? r " by enlisting as many as they can to joi us, and by sending to " the Eufaula Etn grant Aid Committee," (i. e., John M'Na E. B. Young, Dr. E. Sheppard, J. Hart,. N. Copeland, J. Colby, II. II. Goode, The Cargile, Dr. W. L. Cowan, Z. J. Daniel, < R. Woods, lion. J. G. Shorter, E. C. Bu lock, J. L. Pugh, Jack Hardman, Henry 1 Shorter, M. II. Joyce, llob't Ferguson, L. ] Stow and Alpheus Baker, all of Eufaul Ala.,) funds, with directions as to how the shall be applied, whether to subsisting transporting, clothing or furnishing tl company with agricultural or military ou fits; and to bo receipted for to the commi | tee by me, with my undertaking so 1 I >i ?? * "['["J? mem, aim iu inatic 10 mem a m account for publication on my rcturn.Thosc who cannot contribute now in mom might do so in notes, which might be 1 this eft'ect: Cross-lioads P. O., Barbour Co., Ala., January 1st, 185G. One year after date I promise to pay Jv ferson Buford, (Iiere insert any sum, fro one cent to one hundred dollars.) per liea for every emigrant ho may take to Kans; territory within that time, provided I shii in no event be liable to pay over dc lars. (.Signer's name.) Such note, as also all letters to m should give I\ O., county and State. This may seem an humble appeal, but am not rich and have found no money, bi have made what little I possess?have foi sweet children of tender age to suppoi and, wilh less at stake than thousands others, am only battling for our commc section, against a powerful, untiring, fanal cai enemy, who, fighting as he thinks f humanity, is in fact bringing degradatio desolation and woe to our beloved SouthI am, then, not ashamed thus to appeal i her interests, her intelligence and her mnj nanimity: and I cunnoi believe she wj prove me credulous and crazy, by failing a generous response. Editors friendly to encouraging Southci emigration to Kansas, are expected to cof this communication, and to direct the pu lie attention to it in such terms as tlu may think it deserves. J. BUFOliD. JEufaula, Ala., Dcc. 24, 1855. Let Her Be.?A Detroit mercantile gei tleinan who was travelling eastward aeho time since went to the clerk of one of tl Ontario boats to bo shown to his room.Thc clerk handed the applicant a key, i the same time pointed to a door at sou little distance, marked B. Our friend went in the diiection indicate but opened the door next to his owi marked A, where he discovered a lad passenger making her toilot, who upo the stranger's appearance, uttered a lo scream. " Go awav ! cro awnv 1" tprMmod lady. 44 Letter B," yelled the clerk. 441 am not touching her at all P shoute the indignant merchant. - > > ? t3T Hearing a man complain that polit cal papers of all kinds had become sue liars, that for his part, he did not believ any of them, reminds me ot the old stor of the miller and three sons. Coming int the mill, and finding a grist ni the hoppei tli<? old man cried out: 44 Tom, h)*ve you tolled this grist f" 44 Yes sir." 44 Bill, have you tolled this grist i" 44 Yes sir." 44 Sam, have you tolled this grist f 44 Yes sir." 44 You are all a pack of lying scoundrels, says the old man. 441 don't believe a won you say?I'll toll it myself." UA Little Incident"?At an assemblage of a few friends, one evening, the absenc of a lady was noticed, which was apologize< for by an acquaintance, who stated that shi was detained by a little incident 44 Ah, yes," exclaimed Mrs. John Smith 44 and a beautiful littld incident it was, tooweighs jast ftiue pounds and a half." ' ' , An Aifeclinn Armani ? A n ?... ?^???. ??IIVI*U1?CTM editor jo'Kentucky, thus addresses, his d? linquont subscribers: Friends, we Are at most penniless?Job's turkey was a million aire, compared with our present depressei jgeaspry. To-day, if the price of salt fw'ai b^rrelftiU;vwe collide t Uuj Too youpglady who re fusod to ga4oto afjLrjfle ntaaafftctory be oauie some of lb4^Mbk?d no breetkn, 1< spending ? few day* s^fcfcant, loofcmj <"?,m ? ??. *?** AtpirclUm the fcsfcioni would U?t ? long ? nets, j? ? i? ? S li1 IE ?. * - UOZTT RUN IN DEBT. 1,1 " Don't ran in debt?nerer mind, never mind, *r " If thy elothea are faded and torn ; of i- Fit'em up, nmk* them do; it is better by fur, fei ,e Thau to ba?e the heart weary and worn. 1C Who'll lo?o you the more for the set of your hat, Or the ruff, or the tie of your shoe, The shape of your Test, or your boots and cravat, nl ~~ If they know you're in debt for the new. * 2t . lii There's no comfort, I tell vou, in walking the rs . . * y< street, J 'y In flne clothes, if you know you're in debt, * 9, And feel thnt perchance you some trndesinen of in may meet, cc j. Who will sneer?" they're not paid for yet." a. l>, Good friends, let me beg of you, don't run in debt, J. If the chuira and tlio sofas are old? at l8 They will fit your back bettor than nny new set, fr; Unlets they're paid for?with gold ; n| "I" If the house is too small, draw the closcr together, j. Keep it warm with a henrly good will; A big one unpaid for, in all kinds of weather, t" K. Will scud to your warm heart a chill. li^ a fo ' Don't run in debt?now, dear girls, take a hint, T If the fashions have chnnged since lust Benson, 1 J, Old Naturo is out in the Tery same tint, l'' ie Ai:d old nature, we think, has some reason. si: t_ But just suy to your friend that you cannot afford ft ^ To spend time to keep up with the fashion ; That your purse is too light and your honor too . to 1.1. bright, To be tarnished with such silly passion. 1 ? til Gents, don't run in debt?let your friends, if they ^ ran, Hare fine houses, feathers and flowers, But unless tlicy are poid for, be more of a man n( ) Tlinn to envy their sunshiny hours. nl J If you're money to spare, I have nothing to say m ;f- To spend your dollars and dimes as you please; j() ,n But mind you, the man who his note has lo pay, ^ ! Is the inau who is never at case. a? ni as Kind husbands, don't run in debt uny more ; n) kJJ 'Twill till your wife's cup full of sorrow, ^ To know that your neighbor may call at your door With a hill you must settle to-morrow. "I e? O, take my advice?it is good, it is true! pi (But, lest you may some of 3*ou doubt it,) p< I I'll whisper a seeret, now teeing '/is you? >p 7 l - ! I ?. -II -I?i -'J Iir M. (IUI/G ?f CI* u, unu ft/tuto U(( UWOHt It* m c< Jr The chain of a debtor is heavy and cold, 0| rt, Its 'inks ull corrosion and rust; w of Gild it o'er as you will?it is never of fold? )n Then npurn it aside with disgust. . The man who's in debt is too oft en a slave, * '' Though his heart, may be honest and (rue ; <i? L>r Can he hold up his head, and look saucy and at n, brave, J,, ? When a noje he can't pay becomes due? tQ Speech of Col. Marshall, II On "a hill to punish factor*, commission merCi'iunii, warenouse-keepers and other bailees for h< of fraudulently converting to their own use, any . eotton, corn, rice, wheat or other produce, and for other purposes." C< rn Mr. Marshall. If the Senate will indulge tli me, I will, in a few word?, explain the ob- di jeets of tlie bill, and give tho reasons w }J which influenced me in introducing it.? The objects of the bill are, to punish se- v< verely, factors, commission merchants, and af other bailees, for fraudulently converting to di n. their own use any cotton, corn, rice, or other at rt produce, or to cell the same without the b; le consent of the owner. And secondly, to w _ punish the clerks, or agents of factors, com- nt mission merchants, if they seould commit ar le a similar offence. v< The question arises, is there a necessity j for the passage of such a luw as this ? I re- t|, ' trard it. Mr. President, as ann of tho. innai ? - | ' important hills that lias been introduced for co ^ some years past. Every planter throughout wj w the State has felt, for years past, the neoes- fn sity of such a hill, and if the number of ns dollars could ho. ascertained, that have been ,if 16 # converted by factors and commisssion merchants to their own use, and never ac- tj, counted for, it would be sufficient to pay an the debt of the State. But, I fear that senators have permitted the bill to lie on ne l" their tables, without looking into its merits. tol h It may be, that the members from the fol 9 lower country will deem this bill of no im- JP, V portance to them: but I assure them, that 80] 0 it is of vital importance to the planters of an r? the middle nnd upper districts of our State. ;,u Hundreds of our planters, both small and \y large, in the amount of produce raised, an have suffered seriously in tho last few years, m{ for the want of a law of the character of sjn this bill. TW ? In every State south and west of us, wli n there is a law to punish factors and coramis- sig j sion merchants for selling, without the con- los sent of the owner, the produce he raises on bo: his plantation, and fraudulently converting m? e the same to his own use. These laws era e have operated beneGcially, in these States, the j and have done great good in protecting the red a planting interest; and in this connection, I upi will state a fact, known to many persons in (lie t the city of Charleston and other places, to me . show the necessity of the passage of this ed. law. This information I have gained from of reliable sources, that a large' number of sat! 5 planters in Tennessee, and the upper part am * of Georgia* w^ldhareieni their crops to . it. ' Charles too, had it not boen for the frequent - 1 | failure* of factors there, and Alio fact, that &*1 f' hava no law by which we can punish ' ? iiiein , f?f- tlwir fraudulent conversions, ' J^d mwignroenU.They wolhfenow, from the pa^l^ia of o?y factoni and ^>f cro is no uso to pursuo the factor, or to Y and obtain u judgment against him.? = many cases, that is what the factor want?, ul then get ea sued, and take the benefit tlio insolvent debtor's act, and " by one I swoop"?with an oath?avoid the lyment of, perhaps, half n million of >llars. You punish men now fur comission of small and mesne offences, but if man takes your entire crop, you permit ) in to compromise tmd go free. In a Tew s :ars lie sets up again, as u rich factor, gets ousands of dollars worth of the produce the planters in his hand, and fails again, mpromiscs, or assigns, again?sets up jain in business, richer than ever. There is ono peculiar feature in this bill, id that is, these factors, who commit these amis upon the planters, when convicted, e forever debarred from taking the bene, of the insolvent debtor's act; I wish the }bt to rest upon them as long as they re, or until they come forward and account r the planters' money. If you say to em, you shall never be discharged from lat debt, the temptation of making asjnments, or compromises, is taken away utn them. \Ve find that it has been shionablc for many factors and meichnnts > fail, of late years; and the reason is, , lat it is an ea?v wnv' for thr?m to nuv ??IV . * . - ? ? | J icir debts l?y an assignment, or com pro- | lises, or, if pushed to the wall, they can j 1 ko the benefit of the insolvent debtors' | :t, nnd by one oath be discharged from ( I their judgment creditors. There arc i mny planters, in my district and the ad- | ining districts, who have lost thousands . ' dollars from factors and commission t lerchants failing to account; and I have | j doubt, that in the city of Charleston, le factors who have failed within the last < iree years, have taken more than $50,- i 30 of the money of our planters, and up- i ropriated it to paying the debts of oilier i jrsons, and have never accounted for it.? < here are many cases where they have sold ? >tton, six and eight months in advance f r an order from the owner to sell, and | hen called upon by the owner to sell his | >tton, as it is now bringing a good price, < ie reply is, I sold your cotton six months jo, deposited the money to your credit, t id sent an account of the sales to you j f mail. The planter replies, I have re- ? - I lived no account of the sale; and tlic fac- ] >r then curses the mails. The planter, ' linking that by holding on to his cotton, ] 3 will get a good price, when, to his as- ( mishment, his cotton was sold when the < ttoiv was at tho lowest point. No doul?t ( lis planter's cotton was sold to meet the ; sbt duo another planter, for colLo:i sold ? ithout orders. t Again, under our present laws, it is a t jry expensive matter to 6le a bill in equity .< rainst an insolvent man. It is a rery < flicult thing, now, to convict one of fraud, i id the planter who haB had his twenty < des of cotton swallowed up in the fraud, ' ill not feel authorized to go to the trouble id expense of a suit in emiitv for that nount.; and yet the whole amount in- ^ >lved may amount to half a million of )llars, affecting men in every section of e State, But, if we Iiave a law passed r the purpose of punishing factors and ^ m mission merchants, for selling produce ^ ithout the consent of the owner, or t iudulently converting it to his own use, ,j is now proposed by this Lill, you will sel?m see such failures as we have had for e last five years. In consequence of '! art* lioSnnr nn luw fni* tMinJoSiIn/* .... ..... .V,. nvt",.'' J. d commission merchants, on the criminal ^ le of the court, we find the factorage busi83 crowded all over tlio State; CharlesP ii has now fifteen where she had one be- , e. They are sending their cards and : ummors throughout all tho up country, iciting business?taking tho ignorant . d unsuspecting farmer by the hand, and j lucing him to send his cotton to them.? e unsuspoctingly send our cotton to them, j d while we are waiting for a rise in the H irket, our cotton is sold to meet the presg demand of some planter, whose cotton is sold long before he ordered it; and a| lAn wa nrnua fliov fuil on/1 mol*n an I ? r j ? *"* al ninent to preferred creditors, and we Q| e our cotton. Factors and merchants, by j>( rrowing from ono planter to pay another, ^ ly struggle along for some time, but the tj ish will come, and the planter has to bear |]{ > brunt,he is never thought of as'a prefer- gi I creditor. If we had a stringent law jn on the subject, anend would bo put to tc se mushroom factors and commission |)( rchants, and confidence would be res tor- fu It js absolutely necessary that a law (o inu Kina snouiu ue passed, ana JL nro y( [sffed that when senators como to *ex- gl ine, earufully, the bill, they will pass ^ ' > ' ' ' ' ' iai [bare thrown out-tbese few suggestions, ^ Mug to cbll the attention of 4b? Senate ^ the importance of the measure. There ^ * been bo much other btainea*- before tlra kate, perhaps in t he estituiUion of owe, V. ^pftfritoftprtance, t)i^ ^ i^pt^>eeeiVM t^at, ^tteniioii ,wl?^ch ^ ;^.4tf'il^;plahMaar,- ao)J koi&'&idiwbiU* 'f! I ?$% tartuiatily pasaetj over; buVreftei^e PJ it Jf- '??;? ' J R< ^^id^Uon vW*icfc it justly Je- ^ "The tiileoflife, swift nlwnys in its course, Mny run in cities with n brisker forcc. Bill no wh^ro with a current so serene. Or half so clour, as in the rural scene." ,> From the Patrut Ojficc Report. Planting and Management of Quickset . Hedges. Hedging, in various parts of tho Old. Vorld, has been a favorite mode of enelo- * tire from remote antiquity, and has neither ust its interest nor its utility by tho tardy *;ipse of time. Indeed, it forms, up to the resent, an essential feature in the European . > uudsenpe, particularly in Germany and Migiaml, where tlic utmost attention is paid o it in fencing their fields. It was pracised by the ancient Romans, as well as by he (1 reeks, as appears from Ilomer in his 'Odyssey:1' When Ulysses returned from lYoy to his father Laertes, after many . fears' absence, the good old in had sent ?is servants into the woods to gather young - ^ hums for forming hedges, and while occupying himself in preparing ground to re- >-* :eive them, his son asked him, " Why, be--' tig now so far advanced in years, he would nit himself to the fatigue and labor of Wanting that whieh he was never likely to jnjoy." Laertes, taking him for a stranger,, jently replied : " I plant against my son Ulysses comes home." The thorns, to which the allusion is made, might have .>een the common hawthorn, or some Ori- ?' ;ntal species of craUugus or some other ,horn-bearing plant. Yarro calls a thorn icdgc "a natural und living guardian;" in.l lloli.mnllt. ? jMvivto ik isvtuiU 111*3 ITUll* ;trueted or " dead hedge," as being mora asling and less expensive. In more modern times, we find, from '" ? ^rcsenlitis, that hawthorn hedges were used n Italy before the year 1400. In England, .hey appear to have been in use from tho ime of the Itomans. In all the old works * jii husbandry, directions occur for quick- . letting ditches and forming hedge-rows. 3l:uidi>h, in his "Commons Complaint,.'1' mblished in 1C11, gives directions for* /V lew method of pruning " quick wood seta jf white thorne," so as to make tliein thickit bottom; and advises, in certain cases, y*" hat "three rows of quiukthornes*' shall be set in each ridge, instead cf two, as appears to have been the ordinary practice, fn a black-letter tract called " An Olde L'hriftc newly revived," &c., published m IG12, very particular directions are given or enclosing young plantations " with a jood ditch and quickset of white thornc, ' srab-tree and hollin, mixed together, oretee" my one ofMllb'em (and by uo means, if you ran eh use set any black thorme amongst itr "or that will grow into the fields ward, and .povle pasture, and teare the wool of the ihecpos bai-ke!'') In Tusserls 14 Five HuaIred Points of Good Husbandry,'" direct .ions are also given for making hedges : c v \ 'Go plough or delve lip, advised with wkill, ^ . Die breadth of a ridge, sud the length an yon 'j will, IVluro speedy quickset for a fence you wilt draw, To *ow iu the seed of the brnmlile and haw." Most of these hedges, however, appear o have been made to encloso plantations >f trees, and hedges of hawthorns; for ields probably were not in use in England >efore the establishment of niirspripn lie beginning of tbe seventeenth ee*l*ry.;. " " ( .'lie first planted hedges in any ceuntrjr ".* /*'J kould doubtless consist of shrubs, traaf*- 1' hinted from the neighboring woods ? and" ''. .r liosc whieh .appeared the most formidable . rom their thorns or spines. But tl?ist oubtless, would give rise to hedges fatmcd f dillerctit plants. For instance, in some arts of England, the sloe, or black thorn, v Prunus &pinosa,) might prevail; while. i others, the hawthorn, (Crataegus oxya~intha,) or the buckthorn, (Rhumnus <a*hurticus,) might have had a preference. 1 all of these hedges, there must neceastfly have bCeu a mixture of spccies, from.;! f ; 10. difficulty of obtaining a sufficient. * '? umber of ono kind without sowing tlwb ied. - . ' From the success attending the hftwlhorif "u-: nd buckthorn fo.r hedges in Europe, early., ' r. ^ Ltempts were made to adopt them ia the;-v,.- ; Ider-settled parts of the United . . 1 t l ~v:" - ? ' >- < lib in must instances, mey.uaTe provedv~~ ficient, if not an entire failu^ owrag^to- ^ ' V?rV te excessive droughts which often prpvail : ' ere, as well as-to.the intense boattea limner sun. The buckthorn, in sever at 'v : stances, when sufficient attention was ':.y %? '> the selection andrprep?rai?n <>f the,j?Ui id to th# use of 4he. ^shears, hfii 'beear^ :^'7: rmed into, beautiful hedgos, fttfc v ,, v \ resist our cliinatrt^and enduro-^or man^ y , ad.century, and W^ssutWauentlv < etxi* i iatilir '^