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COLUMBIA. Saturday Morning, March 23, 1867. Pu ri-iif.s uii?l Teacher*. If ever there was a time when the educational interests ?it the South re? quired every aid and the fostering care of her people, it is at tin-present time. For the past live or six years, these interest? have suffered heavily, owing to the natural obstacles which a protracted civil .war placed in the way cf their advancement. Many of the institutions of learning were sus? pended, and their endowments crip? pled or entirely lost; our young men were either in thc army, or, owing to thc disorganized state of society, wasting tlie time that would have otherwise been given to study, in rambling from one point to another. Now that the war is closed, and thc political status of the South defi? nitely known, it is to be hoped thal the schools, colleges and uuivemli . - of tho South will bc re-organized moro efficiently than "ever. Recently, a committee was appoint? ed by the "-Educational Association of Virginia," of which R. E. Lee was Chairman, to address the parents ol that State, urging them to a mort hearty co-operation with' teachers ir matters of instruction, discipline. Arc. The committee have published an admirable address, reviewing tin duty of parents in the premires, anc urging them to a strict course o: home training as invaluable adjunct! to the training of the mind and tin discipline which must be maintained in the school-room. The committee say that education, in its broad, com prehensive sense, embraces the phy? sical, moral and intellectual instruc tion of a child, and that, having everything to learn, he is more readi ly taught by good examples to imi tate than by simple precepts. The committee truthfully say, tba "the influences of Christianity foru the essential element of moral chit racter," and that it is the parent" most sacred duty to his child to irx press the sentiments of our holy rel gion early upon his mind, by persont explanation and systematical instru? tion. Wc imagine the evil alluded to i the following paragraph was former! more prevalent at the South than i other sections of the country. Th committee say: " An essential part of the educatio of youth is, to teach them to serv themselves, and to impress upon thei the fact that nothing good can be w quired in this world without labo and that thc very necessaries an comforts of life must be procured li earnest and regular exertion. Thc should also be taught to know tha after having been reared and educate by their parents, they should not e: peet them to provide further for then and that their future subsistence ar advancement must depend upon thee selves. Parents sometimes comm the mistake of allowing their ch: dren, alter having reached the peri; of life when they ought to be engage in rnakkig a livelihoods to relv um them for support. This encourage them in injurious idleness, and tl strays their spirit of sclf-dependenc which is necessary for their advauc ment in life, and causes them to a pear so unreasonable as to depet upon them, after having arrived at ; age when?they should think and a for themselves." These remarks are very point? and forcible, and they should bc la to heart by every parent of the Sout Our people have entered upon a nc era ot* industry and progress; the \ culiar institution, which materia' contributed to the evil referred among our Southern planters a: men of substance, has passed aw forever. The muscle of the you men of the South must now be 1; chief reliance for her recuperati and rescue from impoverishmei Loitering about the streets cam now lie afforded but by very few, a our youth, when they approach ma estate, should deem it a matter pride and self-respect, as well their highest duty, to relieve th parents from the burden of suppc ing them, and entering upon so vocation and profession, where tl can contribute, by the labor of 1 hand or the head, that portion of i orgy and industry which their coi try at present demands, and wit society has a right to expect fr every adult. The committee conclude their dress, by summing up, in the folk ing points, the duty of parents connection with the education their children : 1. The parent, after committ; I Iiis chili! to the teaching of another, I should cunt i mu? to manifest an affec? tionate interest iii his improvement, I l>v constant inquiry and encourage mont. 2. The supplying of young persons, ' while absent from their homes, with j needless money, and the permission to contrad debts, are to be repro? bated, as tempting to a sin t ul prodi? gality and multiplying the dangers of contracting habits of vice. Th-.- proper authority of teachers must be firmly sustained by parents, 4. Every young person should bo informell by his parents that he must I give diligence to profit by his studies, I or else must be compelled to make j himself useful to society by actual j labor in some humbler sphere. And last, an unworthy parent can ! not reasonably expect the teacher, j against the current of Iiis wrong cx '< ample, Vo form his son into a worthy j man. j These suggestions embrace truths I well worthy of the consideration of ' all wdio have the responsibility ami I management of the rising generation j of tho South-the men and women j who hereafter must shape her destiny. TU?' Supplementary Aet. Our Northern exchanges, yester? day, brought us the text of the sup? plementary bill, as it passed bot! Houses of Congress. It is substan? tially tho same as that received bj telegraph and published in the Phoe? nix, on Tuesday last. ll)th instant The only amendments worthy o note is that requiring a majority o the registered voters to call a couven tion, and another to protect voter from ii?proper interference or re strahlt in the discharge of their privi loges at the polls. The provisions o the act, as published, should be kep for future reference. Tlic pi-i-sitlciit'H Views of Military Republics. In an interview with Presiden Johnson, last Saturday, the subject c reconstructing the Southern State under-the new military governmet bill, came up, and his opinion bein asked on the subject, he shook h: head gravely and remarked that th holding of elections under militar control was in conflict with the spir of republican institutions. The rising and retiring to an adjoinir room, he returned with a book in h hand, and read the folio wing extrae from an address of Daniel Webster t ! the citizens of Massachusetts, on tl occasion of the celebration of tl completion of the Bunker Hill Mom mont, on the 17th of June, 1843: "They are yet on their trial, and hope for a favorable result; but trat] sacred truth, and fidelity to the oaui of civil liberty, compel me to say til; hitherto they have discovered qui too much of the spirit of that mi narchy from which they separat? themselves. Quite too frequentreso is maile to military forci-, and qui too much of the substance of thc pe pie is consumed in maintainii armies, not for defence against foreig aggression, but for enforcing ob dience to domestic authority. Stan ing armies are thc oppressive instr ments for governing the people the hands of hereditary and arbitra monarchs. A military republic Government founded ?ni mock ele lions ano. support?e* only by tl sword-is a movement indeed, but retrograde and disastrous movemei from the regular and old-fashion monarchial system If men won enjoy the blessings of republican g vernment, they must govern thei selves by reason, by mutual conns and consultation, by a sense and fe< ing of general interest and by t acquiescence of the minority in t will of the majority properly expre: ed; and above all, the military mt be kept, according to the language our bill of rights, in strict subordii tion to the civil authority. Wheres this lesson is not both learned a practiced, there can lie no politii freedom. Absurd, preposterous is a scoff and a satire >n free forms government to be prescribed by m tary leaders, and the right of suffrc to be exercised at the point of t sword." His (the President's) own feelirj he said, agreed with Mr. Weitster the subject. A C< INVENTION Ttl I5E HELD JN X ' YOKK.-The Conference Commit of the New York Legislature li: agreed upon a bill calling a convi tion. The election is to take pl; on the fourth Tuesday in April. < lored men are allowed to vote, 1 Southern men and deserters are to excluded. The convention is to m at Albany on the fourth Tuesday -Tune. -? ? ? ? A i:i JESTED.-Captain 1). li. Cai Assistant x*issessor United States ternai Revenue, whose ollicial cont extended over the upper regiment this District, has been ai-rested a imprisoned on a charge coriprehct ing ollicial misconduct. [ Green ville Mo uni, ii it <?? ?) Notices in the country papers ir cate that there will be a large e gration to thc West this summer. Tlie Columbia ]?I?eting. In its comments on thc pro??ee& j ings of the meeting held here on j Monday, the New York Sun says: The proceedings of the freedmen's J meeting, which was held on Monday, i in the capital of South Carolina, con? vey a moral which should not be lost on thc Southern people. Many white S citizen? were present at the meeting, and addresses wore delivered by Wilde Hampton and other loading Caroli? nians, as wed as by prominent co? lored men. Tho best of feeling pre? vailed-the freedmen being highly j pleased with thc frank and cordial i spinal manifested LOW aro. viiem oyt*i? whites, and the latter wore equally gratified with the disposition shown by the freedmen to renew frieiidlj relations and to work together foi the general interest. The most no? ticeable.feature of the meeting, how? ever, was the expressed determina? tion of the freedmen to support anc vote for the best men in the Statu ir the election for delegates to flam? tlie new constitution, and also tc urge upon Congress the propriety <> repealing the clause of the now Lav which disfranchises a largo class o the Southern people. This action i significant, lt shows that the ne groes are not imbued with hatred o malice toward their old masters With their natural kind-heartedness they are now inclined to forget th past, return good for evil, and d what tiley can to relieve the white from the disabilities imposed upo: them by the law. We believe tba the action of thc Columbia freedme is an index of what that class will d throughout the South, if the white only treat them fairly and decently They are an affectionate, confidin and trusting people, anxious fe peace, quiet and contentment, an with no natural taste for politic; excitements. If they be made to fe? that the whites are disposed to b( friend them, they will do anything i reason to hold that friendship. ] we were disposed to venture a predi tion, we would say that the negroei within five years, will leave the p< litical management of the South i the hands of the whites, and be sati lied with voting for the latter. Neg] suffrage will be a valuable help 1 the South politically, if the hiern ship of the freedmen be cultivate? and the time is not distant when th; section will feel thankful to Congre for forcing upon it so important e addition to its political strength. The Washington Republican says will be curious to soe the effect Beverly Nash's speech un thc par at the North. - Washington Items. Wc extract the following from tl correspondence of the Baldino Sun: Gen. Banks, in submitting to tl House a resolution of inquiry in rel tion to Fenian trials in Canada, in mated that he would make a rope bearing upon the Fenian questit before the close of the session. T! committee to inquire into the que tion of the proposed Canadian co federation and kingdom have not y come to any definite determiuatii upon which to base ti report. Th do not seem to know what to do wi the matter. An organization has been form in this city, having for its object t development and settlement of o public lands, by inducing eniigrai of character to settle thereon, a they propose to enter on this work once. It is proposed to collect i formation in relation to the soil, t mate, water-powers, cost of trai portation, Arc, and to publish su information for distribution in 1: rope. The President signed to-day t joint resolution tendering tho thai: of Congress to Mr. Peabody, finished and elegant, copy of tao < rolled resolution will be prepared J Mr. Peabody, and, if possible, 1 gold medal will be struck and sent him before his departure for Euro; The clerks in the third auditc office of the Treasury Depart?an have started a subscription for i benefit of the destitute of the Sou ern States. - A WARNINO.-The Herald advi the President: Congress will soon adjourn, t the work of reconstruction will tl go on under the control of the I Rident, the Secretary of W.vnnd military officers in the newly c structeddistricts of the South. I for Ai \ Johnson Lo bec that he lett no loophole for his enemies to cr in-that he faithfully carries out programme set down by the law. there aro any short-comings to be down against him, when Congres: called together again, he may be moved in three weeks thercaf Therefore, a timely word of warn to the President may not be out place. -? ? ? ? A BISHOP'S: PHOTOGRAPH,-r Charlotte Times, of Wednesday, sc "It is rumored that the Af ri Bishop, on Tuesday night, was i posing of his photographs to faithful at one dollar per picti Many of these people bought tl pictures who are unable to purcli shoes. We apprehend that tl was some imposition in this mat and wo warn the colored people t< on their guard." Noi'tHcrn Loaac*. A correspondent of the Mobile Re? gister, and who the editor of that pa? per endorses as a truth fid and woll infortned gentleman of high standing j in New York, writes to that paper, on J the 4th instant, as follows: The decline in values-stocks, mer- j chand ize, ?c.-in New York city, since the first of December, has been enormous-enough, one would think, to swamp thc whole business com? munity. The stock operators have' suffered mos,, and oven those who have as yet escaped the inevitable consequences of wild speculation are trembling with :i sense of the danger before them. The losses on nineteen stocks during the past two months that is, since January 1 --amount to nearly $25,000,000/ During that time. Pacific Mai', lias declined ! $4,000,000; Erie Railroad, $2,600,000; ! Cumberland Coa1., ?2,500,000; New ! York Central Ltaiiroad. $2,500,000; ? North-western, $3,510,000; Western i Inion Telegraph, ?1,250,000; Dela? ware ?uni Hudson Coal, $1,000,000; Union Navigation, 51,000,000; .Mi? chigan Southern. $910,000; Atlantic Mail, $860,000; Port Wayne, $8-17, 000; Quicksilver Mining Company, $700,000, and six other stocks from a quarter io half a million each, making an aggregate of $24,812,000 on nineteen stocks. No wonder that sore heads and long faces are to be seen in Wall street. The tremendous decline in Pacific Mail ($4,600,000 in two mouths) led to the withdrawal of Mr. L. W. Je? rome from th>> Board of Directors, and the withdrawal of Mr. Jerome led to a vast amount of excitement in "Wall street, and among the stock? holders. It is alleged, on the one hand, that Mr. Jerome's heavy emo? tions i" Wall street frightened thc biockholders and made them throw their stocks on the market in antici? pation of a crash, and, on the other, that Mr. Jerome's speculations were all legitimate, and gave no good cause to fear for the safety of the Pacific Company. Ono thing, however, i: certain. Mr. Jerome became owne? of a large amount of Pacific stock a 200, which he then sold among hi: friends at 220, and guaranteed then against loss for 2}-? percent. Thi stock is now selling for 127, and, o course, Mr. Jerome is a heavy loser The directors attribute all their mis fortunes to the public's want of con fideuee in Jerome, but the stock holders say the directors aro to blain for selling him ten millions in stool at 200, when it was selling in Wal street at 220. Mr. Jerome is one o the sharpest and most popular mei in Wall street, and has any numbc o' friends ready to take up the cud gels for-him: but whoever may be t blame for the enormous decline ii Pacific stock, the losses have almo; swamped some of the stockholder.^ and tlirown Wall street into a fearft state of excitement. But the decline of twenty-five mi lions in nineteen stocks is only a pal of the story of revulsion. Merchar dize has goue down; nearly all th values in the market have decline? j and the total loss would, if it COtil be accurately ascertained, startle th I whole country. The decline in a railroad, mining and other stock: since the first of December, is ce tainly not less than fifty million The decline in merchandize dates bi yond that time, and, taking the a; gregate for six months, it will amoui to between fifty and sixty million I Thc loss on dry goods alone will foi I up thirty millions, and on the varioi I other classes of merchandize near ! as much more A table of the pr< I perty owned in New ?brk to-day, ; I compared with one prepared a yei ? ago, would show a falling off of S10C ! 000,000 at least. Mr. Fessendeu's statement, iu tl j Senate, a few days ago, that the Ii j ternal Revenue has fallen olY fro ?-10,01)0,000 to $50,000,000, has mac our thinking men rub their eyes ai look about thom. What is to becoc of the public debt, and how is tl country to stand the illimitable e travagance of Congress-(thank He ven! one Congress, dies to-day) the revenue is failing off at tl: alarming vate? The stagnation trade and the suspension of mau factures will cause a further decli ; of $60,000,000 or $70,000,000 befo the first of July. The distillery m swindled the Government out $100,000,000 last year, and will i peat the trick this year, and the i venue from other sources will fully 3100,000,000 below tue estimai Can you doubt what tho end of this will be? National bankrupts as sure as there is a nation-it us to be a republic-and then? Wt perhaps, the people will come their senses, then, and try to f. back the republic. Depend upon there is a financial danger ahead tl will either work out political regei ration, or send the whole country ? reening into chaos. By the win country, I mean the "loyal State; your section is only a dependen now. NEGRO SUFFRAGE INAUGURATED ! NORTH CAROLINA.-Major J. Hugh j late Confederate Qurtermaster, v unanimously elected to represe Craven County in tho Legislatur?? North Carolina-the negroes votii We forbear comment. The negroes in North Carolina : said to work much better than 1 year. Planters are greatly enee raged. Leooa? Itorns. ARRESTED.-We learn that a dc- j spatch was received in tliis city yes? terday, announcing the arrest, in New York, of Toland lt. Bass, who is charge.1 with killing Mrs. M. E. Hamberg. How Do THE? DO IT?-The Mont? gomery A<lvtirliser says, under Ulis hoad: "Some people wonder how it is that a few business men make a heap of money, while others are soon sold out by the sheriff. The secret lies in two words-printer's ink. Cast a glance at our r.dvortisiug columns, and it will not take long to ascertain who is making money fast in the city id Montgomery. That's so!" And it is the (tase, too, in every oilier city. MEETING OF COLORED CITIZENS. The Charleston papers Contain long reports of the proceedings of a meet? ing of colored citizens held in tile Military Hall, building, on Thursday evening, and at which H. Judge Mooro presided. The room was iilled to overflowing. A platform was adopted, after which there was consi? derable speech-making. One of the speaker's, F. L. Cardoza, seconded the resolutions, and warned the freed? men against the seductions of their former masters, who now pretended to be their friends. He said that the right of suffrage was only given to them temporarily, and if they did did not use it wisely, their Northern friends, the radicals, would take it away as suddenly as they had givou it. Reference was made to the meeting held in this city on Monday last, and the sentiments expressed by some ol the speakers were severely criticised. A mass meeting is to be held on thc Citadel Green on Tuesday afternoon next. PLEASING AFFAIR.-It is general!} known that Mr. James Anderson Superintendent of the C harlot t< Hailroa'd, has resigned his positiot on that ro id, and accepted the Su perintendency of the North Carolin; Central. The employees of tin Charlotte Poad, desirous of showing their good feeling for their popula: and energetic Superintendent, deter mined to present him with a massiv and elegant gold chain; and knowinj that presentations are tame affair without the assistance of somethini to "eat and drink," submitted th matter to Dr. Speck, of the "Cen.*.! Hotel,"' who prepared an elegant an substantial repast. At half-past o'clock, the "railroad men," wit several invited guests, surrounde thc board. Col. Dorsey was request ed to take the head of tin; tabli which he did; and after a short e: planation of the causes which ha convened the present assembly, M: Monckton, on behalf of the en ployees, handed Mr. Bouknight (a old officer and the successor of M Anderson) the chain for presentatioi Mr. Bouknight, on presenting ti: testimonial, said: Mu. ANDERSON: It gives me pies sure and pride, on this occasion, t be the organ of the employees of tl: Charlotte Hoad ir. conveying to yoi as I now do, their expression ? affectionate regard ami esteem, : their former friend and officer. J all your varied intercourse and asst dations with us, your conduct hi been that of kindness and fairness. For many years, our fortunes hoi been in connection with the Cha lotte Poad, in the management i which you have borne an active ai useful part. It has a creditable hi tory, and much lias been done 1 yourself. Some of us present r ceived our first lessons in railro: duties, which are exacting and labu ions, from your teachings. We part with you with feelings regret, and yet with pleasure, becau we know that you have been calk into the discharge of the duties superintendent of a more importa road, and which require capacities a high order. Ali join me in wishing you perfc ami entire success, and we ask th you may not forget us in your a sence, and that the token we prese maj-, in somo degree, be the sile cord of our continued sympathi ami union of sentiment. We ask you to accept this beautii watch chain, and assure you that is only a small but sincere expressii of our admiration and warm attac mont. Mr. Anderson (who, be it know is a bachelor, and, as a consequent somewhat bashfully inclined,) replie thanking the donors for their gem ons gift, and referring to his fr?en present to bear him out in the ass< tion that he was no speech-maki and saying that if there was a credit due him, the men in his enipl were entitled to a full share, as th hail promptly carried out his wisl and directions; closing his remai with au expression of his good feeling towards them. The health of the out-going and in? coming Superintendents was pn ?posed by Mr. Selby, 01 > P/to?mx; which was responded to :?y Mr. Bouknight; who, in return, complimented "the Press;" which was responded to bj Mr. DeFontaine, of the Gtrolinhai, in a few well-timed remarks, that v er uproariously received. Messrs. Monckton, Brown, dino, Seegers, Roseborough, Johnston, Manson and others wert' culled upon, who responded; when, amid the pop? ping of champagne corks, the "lo? cal" became impressed with the idea that he had better leave, as, by this time, the "mirth and fun grew fast and furious." NEW AiiVKf.rrsi::.iLM".-i. Attention i-? C. li. baldwin A Co. Fresh Supplies A. lt. Colton-Georgia Cotton l's ante? J. F. Gallahcr-Mules lor Sale. C. A. Scott-Dinner House. Merchants-To Revenue Office:. Th?- Expense to tim North, The Philadelphia Age calls the at? tention of its readers to the high rates which they are compelled tc pay for thc products of the South, without a corresponding increase in tue prices of their own productions. We extract from its article on the subject, the following paragraphs: "Lot us look at some of the facts. Take the article of sugar. Cuba clarified is quoted at 9 cents, in gold. That would be from 12:,4 to 13 ^ cents in currency, using the lowest quotation of gold, that is, 133%. Withiu a few years Havana sugar could bc bought at from 5:<j, brown, to 1% cents, clarified; or loaf from ll to 13 cents tho pound. Sugar is a Southern product. Carolina rice is quoted at 10?.{ to ll cents. It has sold by the tierco in our market at 3 J e cents, the retail price at the same time being from 5 to G cents. The gold quotation in this instance would be 8' .? cents per pound, an advance of nearly 150 per cent, over the lowest prices given. Bice comes from the South. Cotton is quoted at from 30 to 31 cents. Its price in golel would be from 22 to 23 cents. The highest price at which cotton ruled anterior to the war from 8, ll to 13 cents. The advance, there? fore, ranges near 100 per cent, at the present time. The price of the best cotton cloths, white or printed, for? merly rated: Wamsutta, from ll to 12 cents; Merrimack and Sprague Mills, from 12 to 13 cents. These brands are selling from 22 to 28 cents, and white goods higher in proportion -that is, from 30 to 40 cents. This is the Southern side of the account Now look how Northern products have been affected. We have to pay higher for all articles purchased. Do we get an aelvance on al! articles sold? Hay is quoted-the average-taking the short ton, at 835.20. This in gold is but $23.65, a price lower, or as low, as it rated ten or twenty years ago. We ship and sell hay to the Southern States. Wool, a highly im? portant article of commerce, which is produced in all the Northern States, is ipioted as follows: Double extra, 58 to GO cents-highest figure. 62 to (>5 couts-lowest inferior quality, 32 to 4.0 cents. In this case the re? duction to gold would give 44 cents as the highest price, anti 21''._. cents as the lowest, tn 1840-11), wool, when prices were much lower for ali the products than they are at present, would readily bring from 32 to cents in gold. We show it now sell? ing at from 2i'.j to 41 cents. Tho same ratio of decrease exists in all the leatling products of the North, which are exchanged for those of tho South. It is clearly shown that the articles we most need, sugar, rice anti cotton, all exhibit a grenat advance over their former or actual value, while those of which we. have a superabundance, or for which we are asking a market, are now quoted at less than their relative values. This is a tax upon thc business anti industry of the North. -.? <.> -- MARYLAND.-It seems that an at? tempt is to be made to reconstruct Maryland, and she may be known ere long as District No. 6. Mr. Thomas, one of the Representatives from Maryland, is leading the bali, and on Monday he introduced the following significant resolution, which was passed without debato: Resolved, That the testimony taken by the Judiciary Committee of the last House of Representatives, in pur? suance of instructions of that House, concerning, to some extent, public affairs in Maryland, and now in cus? tody of the Clerk of the House, bo committed to the Committee on the Judiciary, with instructions to cen? p?ete the inquiries which the last committee was instructed to make, and to inquire whether the people of Maryland have a Statt) Government republican in form, and such as Con? gress can, consistently with the re? quirements of the Constitution of the United States, recognize ami guaran? tee.