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COLUMBI^. Friday Morning, August 3, 1866. The Beginning of the Sud. The bloody riot at New Orloaus is, we fear, but tho precursor of others of a like character. A fearful condi? tion have the baneful efforts of the Abolitionists and radicals brought this country into; nothing less may be apprehended than a war between tho races, uuless the conservatism of tho couutry arises in its might and power to put an end to tho destroyers of their liberties. It is a fearful thing to contemplate what evil the bad passions of human nature can inflict upon such a land as this, with its millions of intelli? gent citizens, its fertile lands and teeming fields and meadows, it? rich mineral resources, and, in short, every element of prosperity known to man. The" wicked legislation of tho radical party in Congress is re? sponsible for all the horrors which may follow such a war. Their ever? lasting canting about the negro, their civil rights bills, negro suffrage measures, and all the other agencies they have set at work to ruin the Southern people, may be, for a time, successful in their appointed ends, but the final is not doubtful. Nor will their own section escape. The spirit of riot, disorder aud lawless? ness, when once aroused is not easily satiated, and grows more ravenous and blood-thirsty with each succeed? ing carnival that it holds. Idleness begets vico and crime, and some of the cities of the South are realizing this fact, almost for the first time, on au extended scale. A laboring popu? lation, formerly quiet and orderly, and contributing by their industry to the wealth and greatness of the coun? try, have had their social position so suddenly changed that many of them were utterly unfit for that change; that they conceived the highest de? gree of freedom was the privilege of doing nothing. Hence, idleness, vice and crime ar?* stalking abroad in this once happy and prosperous sec? tion. In the city of Richmond, the freed? men organized military companies, and drill publicly on the streets. This was permitted by the military authorities, notwithstanding the re? monstrances of tho press and the peo- , pie, until these ominous proceedings arrived to such a pitch, backed pro? bably by the fearful news from New Orleans, and moro probably by the direct orders of the President, Gen. Terry hos issued an order suppress? ing all such organizations, and prohi? biting the formation of any others, unless organized by or under the au? thority of the Governor of the State. That eminently conservative jour? nal, the National Intelligencer, in com? menting on the Now Orleans disturb? ances, says: "We cannot see the use of troops in the South for the avowed purpose of preventing this very thing of col? lisions between tho two races, with? out their exercising their power to prevent the bloody commotions that the narrowest foresight should antici? pate, from the effort to initiate in the State a new form of authority recog? nizing tho entire political equality of the negro with whites. To undertake such a thing in Northern cities would ho replete with danger to peace, law and order. Homo of the military commanders seem to be willing enough to interfere in very small matters affecting tho negro injuriously; but here is one of stupendous proportion, replete with horrors." Tho latest intelligence is, that, by direction of the President, General Baird has declared martial law in the city, and that quiet had been re? stored. But are we to have no quiet in our Southern cities, except through the instrumentality of force? We are thankful that this force is among us in such an emergency, and that it has boen so promptly called into service; but every good man will deplore that course of public policy which lias brought such a necessity upon us. It becomes tho duty of all good citizens to use every effort to main? tain public order, and, in the dis? charge of this duty, wc aro pleased to find all-whites and freedmen faithfully engaged. But, above all, it behooves thc people of the whole country to scourge from the places of power, they have so successfully used to destroy their liberties, the heartless, selfish and ambitious fac? tion, whoso wicked deeds, if success? ful, will plunge the country in the horrors of another civil strife The cattlo plague in England is disappearing. The Work of Recuperation. Tho city of Atlanta, like Columbia, was nearly destroyed by the calami? ties of war, but. she is fast recovering her former prosperity, through tho energy ami practical industry of her people, lier burnt district is nearly covered with commodious business houses, an I 650,000 have already been subscribed for an opera house to cost $70,000. Thc hotels of At? lanta were nil burned; now, wc seo it stated she has the "National," fur? nished equal to any in tho country; the "American," the "Planter's," and oue or two others. Those named invited the members of a recent convention held in that city to dino with them, and a large cigar house gave tho delegates thc freedom of their establishment. Liberality and success in business matters very frequently go hand in hand, and the liberal and wide-awake spirit of the business men of Atlanta is not only shown in thc above men? tioned incidents, but is daily mani? fested in the columns of her newspa? pers in the plethora of advertisements with which they are filled from day to day. The well filled advertising columns of city popers aro sure in? dices of her energy and success. But Columbia is also heartily en? gaged in thc work of material "re? construction." Fine, largo and ele? gant stores, perhaps a dozen of them, are now in process of erection on Main street, and we hope ere long tc seo them lilied with heavy stocks ol merchandize, which, wo hope, will have often to be replenished, and thc sure way to this pleasing necessity i> to advertise liberally with the pres: of tho city. Let our people not despair, amid all the turmoil and disorder they heal of. There is a good time coming, when, through the steadfast and ear nest industry of her people, tin South will be blessed with peace aili prosperity. -..? . The Trouble ii? \< \v (tile nu,. The following despatch, which wt find in the Northern papers of Mon day, explain, in some degree, tin origin of the recent trouble ia Ne^ Orleans: NEW ORLEANS, July 2!>.-Yestei day, the Attorney-General of th State and tho Lieutenant-Govern o telegraphed to the President of th United States, informing him of th violent and incendiary procecdin;; and speeches at the Republican negr meeting, the night before, statin that a negro riot was feared; that th Governor had issued a proclamatio calling, an election to fill vacancies i the bogus convention, and was i league with the Republicans; that i was intended to indict the membei of the convention by the Grand Jun and asking if the President intende that the military forces of tho Unite States should interfere to prevent th execution of civil process. The Pr< sident replied as follows: WASHINGTON, July 28. 7b Albert Vborliies, ftieitteneoit-twi vernor of Louisiana: The military will bo expected 1 sustain and not obstruct or interfci with the proceedings of the court A despatch on tho subject of th convention was sent to Gov. Well this morning. A. JOHNSON. The Mayor has issued the follow ing proclamation: MAYORALTY or NEW ORLEANS, Crrr HALL. July 30. Whereas the Extinction Conve tion <?f ISG4 proposes meeting tb day; and whereas intelligence li roached mo that the peace and go< order of the city might be disturbe now, therefore, I, John T. Monro Mayor of the City of New Orlear do issue this, my proclamation, ca ing upon the good people of this ci to avoid with care all disturbanc and collision; and I do particular call on the younger members of t community to act with such calimo and propriety as that the good nai of the city may not be tarnished, ai the enemies of the reconstructs policy of President Johnson be n afforded an opportunity (so mu courted by them) of creating a brea of the peace and of falsifying fad to the great injury of the city a State; and I do further enjoin up all good citizens to refrain from gal ering in or about tho place of me ing of said Extinction C'onventie satisfied by recent despatches fri Washington that the deliberations the members thereof Avili receive countenance from the President, a that he will sustain the agents of t present civil government, and vin cate its laws and Acts to the satisfi tion of the good people of the Sta JOHN T. MONROE, Mayor In an interview with the Ma; yesterday, Gen. Baird stated pe lively that he would prevent 1 Sheriff and posse, OT any State civil officer, from interfering with 1 ( ionvention. Tho Tribune, a Republican pap says the Convention will meed morrow, and adjourn until the mid I of September. State Items. CHESTER.-The Standard says: We regret to learn that Mr. Wm. P. Henry, formerly of this town, died suddenly in New York on the 18th inst. Mr. Henry had beeii en? gaged in mercantile business in that city fur several years previous to his death. Speaking of the water-power of Chester District, the Standard says: It is obvious to all that the South? ern people must soon engago in va? rious pursuits to which they have hitherto been unaccustomed. The difficulty of controlling the labor of thc freedmen, so as to render it pro? fitable, will induce many to suspend agricultural operations for the pre? sent. The pecuniary couditiou of the majority will not permit them to remain idle for any length of time. New avocations must be sought and new fields of labor explored. Fore? most among these for practical utility, are to be regarded manufacturing in? terests. Combined capital will ac? complish what individual ability will be unable to achieve. Wo have been induced "to pen the above remarks, from the fact that there are on the Catawba River, in this District, facili? ties and advantages for manufactur? ing purposes, which anywhere else would be turned to profitable ac? count. The water-poWer is steady and unfailing, the supply of raw ma? terial abundant, the location healthy j and convenient of access. NEWBERRY.-The Herald has the j j following items: FIRE.-Au attempt was made hist I Saturday night, between ll and 12 I o'clock, to fire Capt W. H. Webb's | premises, on Caldwell street, but owing to thc salutary effect of al copious shower of rain during the early part of the night, and the timely assistance of several neigh? bors, it was happily frustrated. There seems to be an evident design to de? stroy the town, and it behooves thc citizens to be on the alert. Amos Wesley, a freedman, was shot and almost instantly killed last Wed nesday night, by some person or per sons unknown. The heated term and the drought are alike broken, and blessed with j copious and delightful rainy seasons j a general refreshing is felt. The de- j sponding farmer is hopeful. To a l portion of the corn crop the favor? able change comes too Late, but Jo the general crop incalculable good has fallen. Except that the cotton plant is small und not advanced, the crop has experienced no other injury. The rains seem to have been general as heard from various quarters. Tliv lliKlicnls and tli?- Convention. Tho Nashville Union and American \ says: j Y\ hue the unhappy radicals were busy in abusing the President for his manly and well-timed protest against their usurpations, they were startled by another thunder-clap from the po? litical horizon-a call for a "National Union Convention," to assemble at Philadelphia, on the 11th of August : next, ami now the work of restoring J the Union, which they might easily have accomplished, i.-i to bo taken from their bands. The truth is, the i people are tired of their squabbles ; and distrust their motives. The language of the call is too se? rious for ridicule, too patriotic for successful attack, and presents too j many grave and pregnant issues tobe lightly ignored. While contempl?t- ; iug tiiis new element of alarm, the last drop which fills their cup of mis- j fortunes to overflowing, is the ad? dress of ?the Union Democracy, set? ting forth in clear and explicit lan? guage thc dangers of thc present hour and the needs of the country, and accepting with unselfish patriot? ism the national situation, and cor I dially endorsing the principles as set , forth in the call of the National Union ! party. Tho hand-writing on the wall ! j is growing clearer, and well may the ! j disunion radicals tremble at its signi- j '? ficance. For seven long months they have been driving the plow-share of disunion through the foundations of our institutions, that they may sow j the dragon's teeth in tho furrows, j The nation begins to open its eyes to this worse than profitless labor bigina to obtain a true inkling of ! their motives in keeping the country agitated and divided upon tho qnes ; tion of re-union, and it sickens at j : their unmitigated selfishness, at their > ' moral and political turpitude, andan? preparing earnestly for the struggle ' that shall keep them from those places of trust and power which they have so long abused. Private and trustworthy advices i from London and Liverpool, under date of the 28th ult., received per the ; Atlantic cable, state that thc public' confidence is very strong in commer? cial and financial circles: that the j hostile powers on thc continent will succeed in adjusting a speedy peace npon a permanent and satisfactory basis. < >n the strength of this belief j ? increased shipments of cotton from ; j America have already been ordered. j Tho cholera is on the "rampage" ' ; in New York and Brooklyn. There I were the same number of casts, as ' j well os tho sanni number of deaths, ' j on the 2'Jth ult., as there was on the j ? same day in 1 S.r> 1 INTEREST INC ; F ACTH.-Ia the report of the foreign news brought by the cable, it is stated that, about the mid? dle of last week, the Italian fleet en- " gaged tho Austrian fleet off the island of Laissa, a fortified naval station of Austria, on the Eastern side of the Adriatic, and that, after a sharp con? flict, tho Austrian ships were victo? rious, sinking one and blowing up thre^ of the Italian iron-clads. Thc New York World, in referring to this engagement, states the follow? ing facts: "The best of the Italian iron-clads were ships of American build; the best, if not all of tho Austrian ships of this kind were of English build. The Italian ships, too, carried heavy guns of the calibre used in our own navy, though not. of tho Daldgren model. As this is the first serious naval action in which iron-clad ships have encountered each other in squa? drons and on anything like equal terms, it will be seen at once that the details of the encounter will be full of tho very deepest interest for naval men everywhere, and especially for the navy of our own country." ?-???-? SAD AND BEAUTIFUL.-Ex-Gover? nor Vance, in a recent address before the literary societies of the Universi? ty of North Carolina, spoke as fol? lows : "No.moments of victory aro for us, no national jubilee can we celebrate, no songs of triumph can our maidens sing, or garlands of glory weave; there is no welcoming of returning conquerors, nor erecting of triumphal arches for us, to console us for om great suffering. Wc are all alone with our great defeat and that heavy sorrow which, 'never flitting, still i> sitting, still is sitting, in our house hold,' and all that wo have left foi our comfort is the sad yet tendei light whioh plays around the meraon of those who died to make it other wise." -? ? ? > WOMEN BETTING ON HORSE RACES The Saratoga correspondent ed tin New York World says: It is marvellous to see how eas; the: ?lear creatures can learn to "tall horse." They iudulge rather mor loosely than men in admiring adj ec tives in describing their favorit beasts. It is currently reported tha when sporting men were making u their pools on Saturday, a privat meeting of the "sporting" wome was also held in a corner of one c the hotel parlors, at which sever; pools were made up, of which th following is said to be a sample: 1. Choice, Onward -First pool, st of diamonds; second pool, Indi shawl; third pool, a sewing machine 2. Choice, Knighthood-First poo Honiton lace collar and undcrsleeve: secondjiool, white satin dress; tim pool, morning robe. 3. Choice, Julius-First pool, "Gipsy Queen;" second pool, "con plete suit for baby;" third pool, "Duplex Elliptic" hoop. 4. Choice, Millcreek-First pot chemist! button; second pool, ihre pounds of tea; third pool, paper < pins. LATEST FROM MEXICO.-The R Grande valley was quiet, and trat reviving. Cortina caused continued troub at Matamoros, und had bee; -peile from that city. Gambling . its in versal there. The French number 4,000 at Me"> torey, anti hold all the interior. The liberals are buying all thean and accoutrement sold at auction 1 the United ttbites at Brownsville. The Times' Matarnoras correspo dence, of the 22d ult., says: Escob ?lo, who left Matarnoras with a stroi ft)i ce to attack Monterey, is detain at Reynosa by the impassable sta of tho roads. Garza and Cortina a about leaving for Tampico. T French aro at Saltillo and Monier with about 2,000 troops under Dan: Rumor says they will abandon Mt torey and fall back on San Louis. Matarnoras confiscations were t order e>f the day, and property of t imperials was being disposed of nominal prices. ? - ? ? ? The Montgomery (Ala.) Advertisi of tho 10th, says" "Mr. Mallory, Florida, passed through this city Tuesday, eui a visit to his State, i the first time since his arrest af tho fall of the Confederacy, thinks President Johnson a ti friend e>f the Constitution and t rights of all sections, and has stre> hopes of the ultimate success of 1 policy before thc tribunal of popu opinion. As au illustration of i favorable change taking place in 1 Northern mind on the subject restoration, he mentioned the f that the Democratic candidate, \\ honestly supported President Jo! son, in the contest for Governor Connecticut, was only defeated 500 votes-a gain of some 10,000 o the preceding election-anti this wi out the interference of the Preside wlit) studiously avoided indicatinj public preference, and as a cot quence was claimed by thc friend? beith the rival aspirants." - .-? . Tho New York correspondent the? Baltimore Transcript, says t Beecher preached the Gospel acct, ing to Garibaldi, oh Sunday, i favored Italy, though as betw Prussia ami Austria, he "elidn't c whether Un? hog ate the elog, or deig the hog." Ministerial Unit I The Washington correspondent of the Cincinnati Gazette says: Persons as well informed as any outside of the State Department concerning the French occupation of Mexico, ? y that tho whole question has been in Mr. Seward's hands since the closo of our war, and that Napoleon would have yielded the point and withdrawn from L?xico, had it not been for the fact that ho found himself able to control Mr. Seward by working upon his fears. The sarre parties affirm that Mr. Bigelow is wholly in the interest of Napoleon. It is stated that Mr. Thomas R. Agnew, a leading grocer of New York, a man who, from poverty, has risen to great wealth, by industry, integrity and personal attention to business; who works eighteen hours a day, and is his own book-keeper and cashier, has purchased an up-town church and presented it, without encumbrance, to a Presbyterian congregation of which he is a member. A New York correspondent writes: i Grace Church is closed for thc sea- J son, and so are half-a-dozen or more of the fashionable places of public worship up town. With such a prac? tice iu vogue, ono would think the churches were built only for the ac? commodation of the wealthy, and that when the wealthy ran off to the watering places, there was no further occasion for preaching the Gospel. Two editors of the New York Times recently died on thc same day. One, Hon. J. S. Thorn, lato member of the New York Legislature, died of consumption ; the other, Abram Fun da, fell from the third story of the Phoenix Hotel, at Laniugburg, caus? ing his death. CAN'T GET AWAY.-The Haleigh Sentinel says there are about seventy five prisoners on Johuson's Island, too siek to get. away, and that they are without means of traveling to their homes, even if well enough, and j the Government no longer furnishes transportation. i Two RADICAL BILLS KILLED.-The bill for admitting Nebraska as a State, and the resolution to convert the building erected for the orphans' fair into a political wigwam for the radicals, were very properly killed by the President, who declined to sign them. I MURDER OP MRS. SURRATT. -It was I positively proved, on the examina I tion of Merritt, that the Secretary of I War, Edwin M. Stanton, paid Mer? ritt between $5,000 and $G,OOO for his services as witness before the military commission. Dirty work, but well i paid.-Brooklyn Eagle. Reports received from various parts of Illinois, Wisconsin, Iowa and In? diana, are to the effect that the wheat crop will be more than an average one in respect to both quantity and quality. The barley, oat and rye crops also promise well, j The female clerks in the Treasury ! Department, Washington, and, per? haps, in the other departments, have hud their pay increased from $720 to $iM)0 per annum, and an extra hun? dred paid for last year. ( ?ONFEDERATE DEAD. -Among those buried iu a grove near Raleigh, N. C., we notice the names of Sergeant T. B. Fleming, Thomas Anderson, 1st, and D. E. Croswell, Palmetto Battalion, from this State. CAUGHT.-The Charlotte 'Times says that the fiend in human shape, who committed the gross outrage mentioned in Monday's paper, has been captured and is seenrely lodged in jail. The celebrated Cavour irrigation i canal, from the River Po to the Ti cino, has been completed and open j ed. lt has 300 important works along its banks, and is the most im I portant canal for irrigation in Europe. Russia, it is said, has become ! alarmed at thc triumphs of Prussia, j and would not have any great objec I tion to form a coalition with France and England for the purpose of main? taining the present equilibrium. Washington has seldom been so depopulated, at the close of a session, as it now is. But few of the hotels ! aro over half full. The lobby is nearly I deserted, and the galleries are almost empty. i The First National Bank of Wil? mington, N. C., was organized on tlie 2Gth, with a capital of $100,000. This is tlic fourth National Bank or? ganized in North Carolina. We see it stated that Rev. James L. Merrit, who recently died at South Amherst, Massachusetts, left a hand? some bequest to the Theological Se? minary at Columbia, S. C. At Nan plia, recently, there was a veritable shower of small locusts, so that the inhabitants were obliged to have recourse to their umbrellas to protect themselves. Tho income of Dr. Ayer, of Lowell, for 1865, was $31,861-so much for advertising. A gentleman in New Hampshire, aged HO years, has been stied for $20, 000 for breach of promise. The colored mon of Philadelphia aro organizing themselves into mili? tary companies. The first telegram through the completed Atlantic cable was the an? nouncement of peace in Europe. A young man of Richmond,Innmed Manheim, has had a $500,000 legacy left him. A tine horse was stung to death by bees in Kentucky. XLaOOdX XtOXELS. BLANKS FOB SALE AT THIS Orrie E.- Let? ters of Administration. Declaration un Bond or Sealed Note, Mortgages and Con? veyances of Beal Estate. TUE BOKNINO OF COLUMBIA. An inter eating account ol thc "Sack and Destruc? tion of the City of Columbia, S. C.." h*. Just been issued, in pamphlet form, fr. m the Phanbt power press. Orders tillc.l lu any extent. Single copies 50 cents. The Commissioners Of Free Schools for Richland District-Dr. C. H. Miot, Eli Killian, T. B. Clarkson, John Stack, J. P. * Henry, Richard Parker and J. E. Reese arc requested to meet at thc office of the Clerk of tho Court on Monday, August C, at 10 o'clock a. ni. Business ?d' importance will require a full attendance. PROCEEDINOH OF THE CONVENTION. - We have boon furnished by Col. Moses, (of tho Sumter Nncs,) ono of tho Secretaries of the Convention, with the official report of thc proceedings, and will publish it (as re? quested by resolution of the Convention ) in full on Saturday or Sunday. The fine steamship Theodore D. Wag? ner, Capt. Baxter, arrived in Charleston about ?) o'clock Wednosday night, having made tho passage from Boston in ninety hours. The Wagner brings a full freight, and we learn that a full return cargo is already awaiting hor. By reSerence to our advertising columns it will be seen that goods brought out by thia steamer will be forwarded to Columbia and other points free of commission. MAIL ARRANGEMENTS.-Tho Post Office is open during tho week from H a. m. to 1 p. m. and from 5J p. in. to 7 p. ni. On Sun? day, from 8 to 9 a. m. Northern mail opens H a.m.; closes2.j p. ni. Southern " Sip.m.; " 9 p.m. Charleston " 5Jp. m.; " 9 p.m. GreenvilleR.R." 8 a.m.; " 84p.m. Edgefield " H a.m.; " hip. m. All mails close on Sunday at 2 p. m. NEW ADVERTISEMENTS. -Attention is call? ed to the following advertisements, which are published this morning for the first time: Fisher A Lowrance-Cora. Richard Caldwell-Corn, Hay, etc. John C. Seegers A Co.-Fle ur, etc. Maria L. Bower-Estate Notice Boston and Charleston Steamship Line. People who have cut their wiso teeth uso the Sozodont, and all who do, are willing to declare to all who don't use it that it is thc most perfect and delightful thing fot thc teeth they ever dipped a brush into. There were in the United States, in September, 1865, 593 railroad com? panies, running one or more routes. At the date of the last official re? turns, there were nearly 35,000 miles of railway in the United States, sup? ported at an annual expense of ?1,264,336,000. The Illinoes Central, 708 miles long, cost $28,610,SOO; the New York Central, 555 miles, $32, 740,000; the Erie, 528 miles, $39,328, 000; thc Memphis and Charleston, 290 miles, $67,450,000; the Chicago, Peoria and Quincy, 400 miles, $39, 280,000. Pennsylvania has more miles of railway than any other State, reporting 3,350 miles of the iron track; Ohio, the second in order, has 3,310 miles; Illinois, third, 3,156 miles. Massachusetts has 1,285 miles, costing $59,051,000; besides which, there are hundreds of horse railways, many thousands of miles long, which cost millions upon millions of dollar?. IMPORTANT MILITARY ORDER IN TEXAS.-The Washington Star, of Saturday evening, says Mai. Gen. Wright, commanding the Depart? ment of Texas, on the 14th ult,, is? sued a general order, stating that as information had reached him to the effect that some of the persons chosen at the late election claim to enter, without any other authority, upon the duties of their office, he orders that the commanding officers of districts, posts and detachments shall in no way recognize them as officials, but shall continue to support the Provisional Government and the officers appointed under it, until such time as that Government shall be discontinued by au order from the President of the United States. BRICKS INJURED.-A negro fell from a third-story window in Troy, striking his head upon the pavement and very much injuring the bricks. SHIP NEWS. POUT OF CHARLESTON. AUGUST 2. ABIUVED YESTERDAY. Steamship Grenada, Bursley, New York. Steamship Theodore D. Wagner, Boston. Steamship Adele, Hall, Baltimore. Flour! Flour! 6">r? BBIJS. EXTRA FAMILY FLOUR. ?O Aug 3 J. C. SEEGERS & CO. Lager! Lager! -I (\ BBLS. FKF.SH LAGER BEER, on AAJ draught. _Aug 3_J0HN_C. SEEGERS & CO. Solace! Solace!! 1 f\ GROSS, wholesale and retail. MAJ Aug_3_J,. C. S SEGERS A CO. CORN, HAY, &c. THE SUBSCRIBER has just received and offers for salo low, at the corner of Bull and Camden streets, the following articles: Bales Choice Eastern Hay, Bags Yellow Com, Bags Extra Family Flour- new, Barrels Extra Flour -fresh ground. Packages No. 1 Self-raising Flour, Barrels Frosh Biscuits. Choice Sugar-cured Bacon Strips, " Western Sides and Shoulders, Boxes Adamantine Candles, Chests Superior Hyson Tea, Cans Concentrated Milk. Aug 3 1* RICHARD CALDWELL.