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The Dailv ISTews. BATUKDAY MORNING, JULY 21, 1866. [fOB TUB DAILY NEWS ) Cime s in-pi ii?. HuBh I lot the baby filo p I Mark hi r iiiiuil so ?Into oniiMlentler, Koto her red Up? loll a?"1 tender. And her hro.tbing bko t?>o motion Which (lie* wave? ?>f c?lm?-t ??coin lu (hoir peaceful lUrJublu88keep. Hush I 1.1 thn bsliy rrRf ! Who ? ou'd wake Iro - bllMlUl olooplng, To IhiR worhl -o filled wlili weeping. T-io^f? ??ret ??? Uho "tar- o'eiolouded, X?oae Bal?n oy a with ?lark frlu.o euro idea, XhoBu croisa d lmuilB upi?n her breast ? Hush ! lot the bnby rent! Fe? oaeh wliiu? und taper flngor, Whoro a r?H--tmt loves to linger, As tlio muh ?t evoiil??B yliw, Lu.iv. h a bliiHb all warmly lying lu the bosom ot the West. fee. on h>r lips o a'uile; Tie tho Unlit of ??roam and gloaming, Liko to morning's flrst um boiiulng; Hush I still Bolemn silence keeping, Watch her, watch lier In hex fueoping, i ?lie smili'B in dreams lUo ?abile. I wnu'd paint her a? uh? He?, With hair waving, dampiv dinging Tohor lorehoad. Mbatlows flinging On Its wlntcii???8??r whuro tracings Ot the bluo v.'lns' intorlnclnga On ita suowy surface rise. Qod I hoar our fervont prayer I Through ihn whole of llf-.'s commotion. As sin? stuuiH tho troubled ocan, Giv-ihor calm and poucotu. .lnnbrr, And may Burrows noteucutubor Hur uuiolduig years ivi h care. Ah 1 boo, her Bleep Is o'er I Flu -hol bor choek U, sho is holding M> stlc converso with the folding Of iho drtpery o'or hur droopiug.? What bi-hi>Ids sho in it- looping Mortals uo'er beheld before? Now from her bath of s'eep Many a dueii'iilu dimplo ?howlng, She hath risen fre?h and glowing. I.lk" a flu* or Ihut rain hnth brliditoncd. Or .1 ln-.irt that tears havo lightened? Tears tho weary souiotiuics weop. Herself tho Bilonco break? I Hear bor laugh so rich and ringing. Hoar her nua 1 volco quai tly Bulging ! She lint h won ns i?y c ?reunion", Wo iihaust all words In blessings When our precious baby wakes. 0. H, J. Letter from Ex-Governor Piokans on the Condition of the Country. We bare been favored with the following lettor from Ex-Governor Piokens on tho gonoral condi tion of the country, and have much pleasure in laying it before our readers. Tho letter was ad dressed some timo ago to a gontloman of New Orleans. As the Govornor is a reproaentativo man of onr State, we aro euro hie letter will be read with interest: Loiter from Ki-Gnvcrnnr Flclcen?. Edoewood, I June 12, 18U6. j Dear Sir?I received your letter of inquiry ?m to tho probable amount of 'the growing crops, ?See. I have been for months quite indisposed, too much so to go about the couutry at all, and can make no estimate from actual observation, ex cept to my own crops?I shall not mako half a common crop. In the first placo, I have only about half my usual crop? i i?-850 aqren in cotton; and with tho uo# ayetem of labor, I think it must bo extremely difficult for any man to cultivate more than half of a usual or??p in former times. The syslem is so noy to tue negroes, and tho change so radical, that it ia but natural for them not to woik with tho sain? energy and order that formerly existed. 'The largor tho number of ne groes worked togethor now, tho moro palpable will be this difference. Those who do not work over eight or ten liaml?, and who go out regu larly with them to work, w II plant and mako nearly as much if not moro than they ever did. Among us, aud in every Southern Stato, there has over beeu au industrious, laboriug white pop ulation, owning a lew hands (from eight to ton), and at the same time owning far mor? laud than they cultivated. This class generally made abun dant provisions, aud tboso meu now will biro more laborers than thoy formerly worked, and the negroes will not be so changeable with them, for most of these will plant on shares, and it is from this olase that the bulk of tho growing crop is to come. Thoy have always brought to market more tnan half tbo cotton crop of the country, and yet traitaient observera and factors know but Httle of them, and their crops are seldom esti mated. It waB from tho branches and crooks and hills of the great interior of ovory Stato that tho recent amouut of cotton has been so vastly swelled, boyuud all calculation, and so it may bo again this y?ar. Rut one thiug is certain,?the high prices aud absolute wants of the country havo prossed forward nearly every bag into market from tho hi?l .en recesses of the interior, and the country will have to depend almost eu tiroly upon tho present growing crop, ' anr* chis will make a greater deficiency .u tho crop .?au ia generally supposed. Rut the grbttust uefieiency will be from the immense fin?os of /ai', and water on all level lauds, togethor with poor stands from unsound seed and the dying out of the cotton, caused by the uncommonly oool nights np to this timo. I thiu i no year has ovor passed the 4th of June without a single hut night as this has done. Many of that class of small farmers alluded to havo perished iu tho war, and their numbers have fallen off. I think almost all the large planters will make failures, nd it is likely that most Northern men, who are planting cotton on a large scale will fail, for tuov have not Uio minuto knowledge or tho details of cultivating cotton which is so ooooutit.1 to success. It requires judg ment aud experience to know how to cultivate it Sroperly. Fur instance, iu judicious plowing iu uly will cause it to shed hundreds of pouuds por acre a w. ok; uud they havo plenty of capital and horsepower, and wid thiiik it oasontiaf to UBe their home power, whereas hoeing ib what makes a productive c.Hton crop generally; and negroes in the lou?; hot days will be couteutud to ruu the plows, but reluctant to use tho hoe, as it is tedious, aud if, uuder tbo direction of Northern men, they will nut find it out 'til too late. Also thiuk it yet doubiful whether tho freed men will work much after the long hot days of June and July set iu?particularly if there is mucu grass. They may plow, but it will bo difficult to keep a large gang iu tho field in the long sultry du?s when the h>e is so much needed. I may be mistaken, bin this is my impression. This will be especially the caso on largo planta tions where there is every facility to oiiango their location and pasB up and duwu rivers. From all those causes 1 hardh think the growing crop cau xoeed one mutton four hundred thousand bags. I am sure this sootiuu of South Oaruhna will not in any event excood one-third (}) ot an ordinary crop. Far tbo largest portion uf the cotton re gion of this State was utterly desolated by the ravages o^war, and meu who owu the lands wi.l find iVeveti dilHoult to raiae supplies lor the necessaries of me. lloraos, mules, cows aud stock of every kind was destroyed, and houses burned. U?der thuau cii cumatauces it will require at ?sent a year io placo the planter in a poaitiuu to make un y crops uf importance. Another die tnrbibg cause which revuntud early preparation for a crop in chis s. ction, was that mon whu were aid lo bo cniueo.od with tlio "Fro?duieii's Bu reau," announced to the negroes bero that their wages wore insufficient, and thoy could get them far lusher wag o a in tbo Went, free transportation, _ . Thin broke up arrnngi monta already made, and oarriud imny Went, thus separating more families than wan ever alleged to hav?? fjoen doue under tho worst tonn of slavery. We had eu ?aged in the cultivation of cotton in I860 about ,'?0?,lHW laborers, black and while?whioh, at au avoragouf ihre?? ba es per hand, would give- 3,1501), 000 bags. Take 400.000 halu? fr >m lUfVJ aud add to tin-, and it givns us the 4,000,001) made or stn tk> market. About three bams per laboring hand i? a good general oiop?f??r while tbo i or tile ptn tiotiM Of ?ted ltivor and Arkansas will orea -?dually _j_t> twelve bulos per hand, yet the largest por tion or Ihu hilly lauds of tiiu interior of almost any Stato will not average, for lh'u years in suo coBsion, two bags per hand. Meu generally put down what thoy avuraito by what a good year pro duces, and do not estimate tho bad yoara in which tho cotton ie iujurod by too wot or too dry woa thor, injudicious plowing, worms, rot, Ac. Aprova lont south wind in July will mako it fruitful and hold it? fruit; whore?? a cool nurth or west wind for soveral days will mako tho beat of lamia shod fruit Invariably. I think threo hags per baud hae boon u full estimate for several succossivo yours. 1 think aleo six acres of cotton per hand was an uvcrago of ?bout what was cultivated. This, with tho 1,300,(100 bands in 18?0, would givo 7.200, U00 acres, und tit half bag per ?tro, tho 3,t>OO,0U0 hags raised then. A hall hag por acto is a fair avorano of tho wttule country, incliuling North Carolina and ienitrosee cotton lauds. Tiiko this calculation ami oMiniato tho load of lahorurs in l??? Iron? war and it? desolation, with ?migration ur chanco of location in negroes, ut 100,1)1)0, und this alono lessens tho crop by 1,200,000; theu tho bad stands from wind and Hoods of rain at 700, 000. the uncertain ami inferior working at ?OO.000. This would give you ft delicienoy in tho ?rowing crop of 2,300,000 bales. Tina, takon from 3,1100,000, tho crop actually grown in 1800, would loavo 1,300,000. Allow lor ovor-ostiniatiug deficiencies 100,000 bales, and you will then havo 1,ton,(KM) halos as tbo estim?t eil growing crop of 1800. How much old cotton is on hand in the dilTurent States I do not know, but this would have to be added. Tho main part of tho growing crop will como from tho small farmers to whom I havo alluded, and that Cnlculation is somewhat uncertain, for thoy may raiso more than their proportion, as es timated m 1800. That class has over intluoncud tho amount produced far. moro than generally oa timati-d. In liko manner they woro greatly under estimated by Is' ?rthorn men as to their influence in bringing on tho revolution. It was generally sup posed and assorted by all men North that tho war was hroug?t oil by tho largo cotton planters and slaveholders. Tuts was a profound error. I know tho inet that tho largest ?lavolioldors woro gono rally the conservativo mon in tho commence ment, and woro. for moving with caution aud prudence, whilo tho small property-holders were lor tlio moot part tlory and uuoaleulating. It was a great ground swell of tho mas e?, that forced tlio country forward? having no guide but devotion to tlio country, and tho indignant feel ings of a wronged propio. As a general rulo tho large slaveholders and cotton planters bad but little to do with politic?, and it was the threat masses of tho other class who have ever hold a largo control over tho public opinion of tho bouth oru -tatos, i his is tho samo clasB who will now control tho amount of cotton to be produced. I would respectfully rc>eryou to tho January iinm bcr of the Southern Quarterly Heviow of 1848, for tho article headed '"Tue growth and consumption ol Cotton." You can procuro it from any library in New Orleans. I wrote the articlo, and you will there seo tho basis of my ostimates then without any of tho supposed present prejudices, aud tho tables from whu-h I drew them. I wrote another article eovon years after, with much larger calculations, but I cannot ilnd it to scud to you. It was afterwards translated into French and Ger man and repuulished in DnBow's Review, about 1857, I think. I hog you will got tho Southern Keviow, and as I know you aro a man of largo re flection and talent, you will see at a glance tho boaring of the speculations and reasonings, there laid down. I would be'gl d to havo you road it. The negro race will now run out, for they needed tho strong arm of tho white man to protect thorn. It is now withdrawn, and thoy will perish as tho Indians did. Being connected, aa we are, with a great continent teeming witn the energetic white man, this race will press down tho great Alio ghany backbone from Pennsylvania, Virginia, and North Carolina, aud gradually, in time, settlo all along the ridges ana spurs that mako down the mountain range toward the soacoast, and proas upon the loss vigorous race until they are driven down to the alluvial bottoms of our rivers, and thence do'tfl???^ tho scacoaet and warmer sections, where thoy will Anally live on shrimps, oysters, and fish, and whatever th< y can gather of the spontaneous productions of tho wildest regions, aud ilually perish out as a race. This is inevita ble, as it has ever boeu where a strong race has como into direct competition with oue weaker and loss enterprising. Nothing could save them but beiue, the ascendant raco on some insular posi tion in a burning climate. This result will bo deeply interesting to all identified in tho perma nent production of cotton, Tho two racos are entirely distinct aud separate creations. The contents of a nouro's skull of tho same sizo as a whito man's weighs many ounces les-?, showing moro apocitic gravity in tho latter. The brain of a uogro man is not so condensod or solidified as that of tho whito man. The brain of a white hoy of thirteen is more condensed, more solidified than that of a negro man of twenty-sis years old. Tho hair of a negro is a shaft with outside scales oontaiuing the coloring matter, and is, in fact, wool, whereas the hair of tho white man is a cy lindrical tube, and tho coloring matter is in tho fluid of this tube. No mixturo of the races cau ever amalgamate tho formation of the hair. Tho mulatto has tho cylindrical tube alone or tho shaft without change. Tho atlas of tho v. rtehral col umn in a negro man enters the head one inch further back than itdooa in a whito man, making tho bead of tho latter work more on a balance and erect, while the head of tho former has a tendenoy to droop or hang down. Tne nasal anglo in the negro is far more acute than in tho whito man, showing it ap ??roaches to the shapo of tho nasal angle n the brute creation. The bone from the knee joint to the ankle joint in a negro of the samo height with a white man, is ono inch and a quarter shorter than in tho white man, showing his power to rise with weights. The arm also, from the shoulder to the olbow, is shorter in tho negro than in the white man. The toe of the negro is long er, and more of bis heel behind his anklo. Ha also secretes moro through the glands of the skin and the white man moro through the kidneys. There are far more glands near the skin in the negro, and hence bis capacity to throw off heat; and its diffusion is greater, and hence the geueral odor of his body; whereas tho white man secretes more through the kidneys and does not throw off beat bo readily, ut is more easily depressed from con gestion. The races never amalgamate perma nently, for after the fifth generation the bybred mixture runs out and is lost. Quadroons aro mostly barren, or havo hut few children, and they are generally weakly. Tuoir po ?er for reproduc tion with a wbito man soon loses itself, but if in termingled with the black man, or oven a mulatto, the raco grows moro vigorous aud numerous, and will come back to the black race in a few genera tions, but for this, tuero would have ueen more amalgamation iu our cities and villages than there bus been in two hundred years. The races in tho rural districts are far more repugnant because th.ro is there a higher tone of morality. North ecu meu aud foreigners settle in tho cities aud towns, who aro not acquainted with tho distinct characteristics of the races, and havo no instinc tive prejudice against licentious amalgamation. The truth is, the two races woro created at differ ent poned* and for different purposes, as is dis tinctly declared in the first and second chapters of Genesis. Iu the tirst chapter, after a particular account.is ejveo of the different creations made on the five Urs t days, or periods of time, thou ou thOMxtli. in the 26th verse i' is declared "And Qod said let in male- man, so God created man in his own image, malo and female created he thtm " 27th vorse: "Aud God blessed them and said ho fruitful aud multiply. Aud God said, bohold I have givon you oven hern-bearing seed, and every tree in tho which is the huit of a tree yielding seed ; to you it shall be for meat." 29th verse: "And to every beast of tho earth I havo given every green herb for meat " 30th verso: "And God saw every thing he h ?d made, and bob ?Id it was very good, and tho evening aud tho morning wvro too ?ix h lay." 31st verso: This closed tho work of six dav'e creation, hut it is not to be in ferred inat these d*ya woro only tho length of nur present days because it says "the .evening and morning woro too tirst day^'Ao. It was no meas ured by the risiug and fetrnig of our sun, for the ?tin itself w??a not created until thu fourth day. 17th verso, 1st chapter. And there had been threo ?lays of cr?ation un for o the sun and moon woro made at all, even tho solid land aud the water wero made before thero was auy sun. Thoro oor tainly then was some other measure of day, and tho nUiti conclusion is that it was au era, a pe liod for gradual formation, rather lha what is commonly stioposod to bo only tho ordinary day as measured now hv the sun. After this six days' work was finished, it is distinoty stated i hat "God rosied on the seventh da< from all bis works which he liad mndo"--2.l verso. 2d chapter. After the seventh day, the Sabbath of rest, it U said in the 5: h verse of tho 2d chapter, "The L?rd God bad nob, caused it to rain up n the earth, and there was not a man to till tba ground. But thero wont op a mist from tho earth and watered tho wholo faco of the ground. And tbo Lord God formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils tho breath of life, and niau became a Hviug soul." And tho Lord God planted a gardon eastward in Edou, aud thero ho put tho mau whom ho had lornicd. Tho sacred narrativo goes on to describe tbo location of this Karden, aud its growth, iiml tho rivers that ran through it, and that thev penetrated zoldhdclliutn and tho onyx stout?, afl tempting industry aud enterprise in ibis lilltr of the ground. After describir)}; these de tails, it i* declared: "And tho Lord G.-d took lira man ami put him into Mm Garden of Edou, to dress aud to keep it"? 15ih verse. Altor allowing him tho trees and commanding him not I o cat fruit of tho forbidden breo, mid tolling him the penalty of tho act, tho narrativo say?: "Ami the? Lord God said it is nut good that lbs man should bo alono. I will mako him it holp-meut f?ir him" ?verso Mill. Thou is duscribod how ho caused Adam to naiiio all tho be.i-.tn of tho earth, and fowls of tho air, and conclud? s by saying: "Hut for Adam thero was not) buiud a help-moot fur him." And ho caused a deep ?leap tu fall upun Adam, aud took a rib from his sido, and formed a womau, "and brought her unto tho man." It will bo soon from the above, that thero woro two sopurato and distinct creatioua of mon. Th*t mado on Gth day or period, was a siinultaneuus creation uf men and wumon, for it distinctly do? .clarea male aud female created Ho thorn. Where as in tho last creation iu tho 2.1 chapter, it dis tinctly says, Adam teas alone, and tor some timo aluno, "aud God saw it was not tit for man to bo aluno," and then created a woman from his rib and gavo h r to mau aa hie help-meet, with tho object uf tilling tho earth. Tho first race .-as created without defining its pursuits or objects, and tho "seed" and "herb?*," and fruit of trees yielding seed "woro givon him fur moat." Whoro as, in tho second creation it is directly said "there waB not a man to till tho ground," and ono was created with that view, aud the Garden of Eden waB sprea i out to exhibit and illustrait! his occu pation, and tempt his industry. Altor Adam bad oaten tho forbidden fruit, bis Maker banished him from tho gardon, aud said: "Cursed ia tho ground for thy sake; in aorrow shalt thou oat of it ull the d.iys uf thy life-in tho sweat of thy faco shalt thou eat bread till thou return unto the ground"? 31 chapter, 17th and l'Jtli verses.' Ho went forth and was a "tiller of tho ground," as he was order ed to bo, and bis raco have been tiller? of the ground with its different branches of occupation and civilization over since, fur 5025 years; whilo Iho othor, tho first created race, havo been feed ein upon spontaneous productions?nuts and fruit-bearing trec-3, and whatever could bo pro cur? d without being * tillers uf tho ground," save (there they bars boon brought, by tho higher race, into civilization aud regular work, Nuthiug proves tho divine inspiration of Moats muro clearly than his having at this early period of tho world, in a fow graphic verses, delineated thodistiuctcliarac teriatics of tho two races, and tho object lor which tho last created race was made. And these characteristics havo marked reich raco for five thousand years without variation. How could this bo doue without tho divinity that shaped their nature in tho first days of their croation ? Tho efforts of tbo missionaries, with all their zeal, for one hundred years, have produced but little impression on the mixed race, oven iu di verting thorn from their instinct to wander and food upon the nuts and fruits of the wild forest. Whereas, tho other race havo over been "tillers of the ground," and immediately went from tho Garden of Eden to raise flockB ami herds, and to develop the productions of the earth, and to follow tho teraptati<*rns of Provi denco in declaring to thorn that their great rivers flowed through tlio land of gold and bedellium and onyx stono. This has been the race for the cizilization of tho earth, tho architects of cities and towns and temples, who have spread the silken wings of commerce to 'lie four quarters uf the world, snuffing in its lofty beak the gale and tho breeze of ov?ry ocoan and every Boa, and bearing back upon its expanded and exuberant bosom tho aromati > treasures of every clime to blcaa and gladden tho heart of man. This is the raco that God Almighty hitnsolf created especially to illnatrato tho dispensations ot his Providence, tho history of which ia dovnloped in. the inspired pages of His Holy Dook. Wo cannot ask why or wherefore. To say it cannot be ao, becauso it does not tally with nur limited uotiuns of philan thropy and universal equality, is to arraign the God of Oro tiou beforo a Puritanical board of commissioners, self-constituted and solf-appoint ed, to bo tho suprern ? censors of tbo morals and humanity uf tho world. i'hia ia tlio assuming ar rogance of Lucifer himself, and finally the samo fate awaits them that befell him, although thoy may be wrappod in a more sanctimonious garb of aelr-i'ightcousiioas. Hay thoso people, all meu arc equal, and why should God create different orders iu tho tacos or mon? Why should Ue have differ ent orders in H.-avon itaeliV aud yet wo are told there aro angels aud arch-angels there, oven to tho tallest around the throne itaclf. Why should lie, iu His chosou people, illustrate a government fur mankind, divide them into twolvo tribes, and appoint orders and rolen, and expressly cou atituto Moaoa to be lawgiver, and Aaron and his sous to no priests, ana Gideon and Joshua to bear tho sword and command tho armies ? Why did ho mako tbo lion tho master boast of tho earth and tho eagle tbo prince of birds ? Order ia the first law of oroation. It goes up from the mouae to tbo elephant, and from the lowest order of mammalia up to the noblest Caucasian that over turned his eye upward to God from the sacred mountains of Syria. To declare univoraal equality, and to enforce it, is to declare universal profligacy, and inaugurate universal revolution, jilundor and murder. Thia nniv. raal oquality and levelling of tbo human race sprang from the dreamy doctrines of Rousseau and Voltair*, over spread Europe and culminated in the great French revolution. The French Chambers made a corol lary to the declaration that all men woro equal, by actually announcing "that there was no God aud tho Bible was a lie." Tucae two declarations aro essential props of each other. Franklin and Jefferson, both sent to France by our Govern ment, became imbued with the philosophy of Voltaire and the French, and cams back and through their great inlluouco in orporated it into tho belief and institutions of our own country. This idea baa been a canker worm, proying upon tho vitals of our aociety ever since. Wo have been educated in this belief from earliest infancy, and even struggling through manhood, each one always aspiring to sorao man higher in position, hoping to realizo tho Utopian dream of uni voraal equality which has been tho fundamen tal doctrino of American law. This it .is which bas set every man's hand aguiuit every other man, and filiod all society with rtvalalnps, envy, hatred and bitterness, instead of contenu d quiot, order, harmony and benevolence. They havo now forced upon the country emancipation of tho black race, though carnage and fire such as has been seldom known iu tho bloodiest days tif the world, all to enforce universal equality, and under an idoa that they havo abolished slavery. But this has only changed tho lurm of slavery It will now tako another form?will bo wider spread, and more cruel and crushing in tho pro gresa of lime. There aro two kinds of slavery iu tho world?tho ono Asiatic iu its form, and ia what ia known as Patriarchal, where ? tho indi vidual capitalist owns the individual laborer, and they become individually identified with each othor in all tho sympathies aud objects of lite; tho other form is a relic of tho old feudal system, introduced into Euroi o by the military invasion of tbo Scaudiuaviaus, Goths and Vmidala, in their conquest of the southern aud muro wealthy re gions. But of this grow tho custom or military men dividing off the lauds uf wholo connu ins, and granting them upou ho condition of military services to be rendered. From thia, iu progress of timo, grew tbo sjs om uf money commutation for military services. Where tho capliulis's of a nation finally own the laborers uf a nation iu masses, aud through a moro refined system than the mi re military exaction of service, they t iok taxes m lieu thereof. This was tho formation of regular revenues, and Kurke has philosophically observed, "The revenue is tho state." It in through taxation and revenue tho capitalista of a nation rule the > nation. Taxation is, as t oy say, essential to support an oner get to/ government, aud tlio dlshUI ?Oliumt-i of revenue arising from taxation gives capitalista all they want fron, tho labor of a coun try?for tho same combination of interests that impose taxes will always disburse them Hence it is thoy ascertain what is nuees-ury to support the laL r of a nation, and ail over and above that thoy take and divide amung thorn solves. In the form of disbursements to support government, the/ givo it to kings, lords and nobles, established cnurch, array and navy. Iu this country we have no established church, king or nobles; but there are atupondous expenditures for army, navy and taxation, for tho hem lit of capitalists in manufacturing and princely corpo rations, aud also for the benefit of the mighty lords who hold tho bonds and stocks uf govern ment, and for tho benefit of tlio long array of ofllcors iu every dopartmout of a vast ami mightv government full of glory and honor. And then to support tho paraphernalia of a limonu corps for tho eluomoBynary benefit of all who pretend to live by alms, to the amount of $12,000,0? 0. You may say, in certain Northern States ?til so-ioty is organized under corporations iu sumo form or Other, from a villano MotiOol up to banks and rail roads with untold millions, wboreby associated wealth may he brought, to act with tuoro vigor an I unity, and through vvutch it may tuoro effectually own tbo labor id' the country. Too paitriureh.il s\slem, or tho system m win h individual capitai lts owned individual labor, was tho only real check to the power of it.-suci.ilcd wealth in the sh ipo of corporation?. And now that system is broken down, tho whole lab ?r of a consolidated nation will bo owned by the capitalists of tho nation, through tho power Of government, aided by the unity of associated wealth in the shape of corpo rations. And thus tho whole labor of the south; will bo owned, through the nower of government, as'well as the labor of tin' North, and tt is but a chango of ouo system of slavery for another. Tho European system is far more ouergctic and cheaper, but it is more heartless and selfish, and inoro gihiding to tho lace of tho poor. The one system in moro truthful and professes less; the other is full of professions ol humanity; hut under it all aro educated to hypocrisy, to llattery, to deceit and selfishness. The ouo is an open sys tem ot undisguised torco; the other is a system of disguised fraud. The black race has novor, as a race, bgon subjugated to tho European system of slavery; und in fact tho black man, on any largo scale, was never known to slavery until after tho tliscovery of America. Tho Spaniards hud every where iu tbiB country reduced tho Indians to slavery, aud worked them in their mines with great severity, and under that system they were fast perishing out, when tho "good Las Cases petitioned thu King of Spain to import Africans, as they could endure tho heat and confined work better than the Indians. Such is tho account of Herrera? Negroes were theneo forwarded, im ported by tho Spaniards,Portuguese, French, Eng lish, aud afterwards by New England, iuto ?ill purls of America as slave?. E-rypt hud hceu pre viously supplied with negro slaves by dealers from the interior of Africa,hut til at only on a small scale. All tho slavery of the world, previous to 1511, was chiefly of tbo whito raco. Tlio slavery of tho patriarchs of tho Old Testament w.is whito, and it is a mistake often made to suppose the black man a descendant of Ham, because his descendants were cursed by Noah to bo tho slaves of slaves. They wore slaves, but there is not tho slightest ovideuco that thoy ?vero black. Tho only allu sion made in the Old Testament to the black man is where it dec?an d that "the leopard cannot chango his spots nor the Ethiopian his skin." Abraham had three hundred and eighteen slaves or aorvauts, bom in his own house, who followed him implicitly, and ?vero counted as bis posses sions, and iu tho Valley of Jchnsophal fought with him aud gained a battle. Tho tirst fugitive slave we read of being returned to her mistress was llagar and child at tho well, where tho Angel of the Lord expressly tells her to return to her mistress and obey bor, ?tec. Slaves were then made from prisoners taken in war, or "bought with money." They, with their offspring, were the property of their masters, who could sell them, inflict corporal punishment, and even put them to death. They were expressly authorized to bore their ears so as to know them. Muses says: "They shall bny tlioir servants of the heathen, and of tho children of strangers that do sojourn among yon; of them shall yo buy, aud of their families that are with you, which they begot in their land; and thoy shall ho your possession, and you shall take thorn aa an inheritance fur you and ?Tor your children afer you, to inherit them as possessions; they sha 1 bo your bondmen for ever." Slavery afterwards existed throughout Greece. Aristotlo considered uo house furnished without elives, considering them as "working tools aud poases-ions." Ko Groek philospher de claimed against slavery. Among thorn there wcro two kinds of slaves?those obtained by conquest, and those, purchased with money. Ihoso bought were from the traders from tho Greek colonies of Asia Minor and from Thrace, where parents sold their own children In Athena, at the height of her renown, thero woro far moro slaves than -masters, and thero was a regular market opened every day for slaves, called EukhiH, became thu slaves stood round in a circlo to be examine?!. I he father of Demosthenes' bequeathed slaws, who wore makers of chairs, mid others to his sou, as tho friend of liberty. .Slavery existed in Homo from tho earliest days, and in immeus i bodies, some owning many thousands. In Gr< cce it was held to rest upon an original difference in races; butin Romo this was not held. In Uomo it was said that iu the luxurious days of iheir profligate existence largo slaveholders would actu-illy pro pare for great feasts by fattening their fish on slaves; and yet many of their s aves were scholars and writers. Erasmus, the groat am hoi-, was a slave. But in all these Countries there is no re cord made of any slaves being negroes or blacks. It was iu America where the negro from tho inte rior uf Africa was first introduced iuto slavery on a largo acule. Tbo conscience of the world was first excited against tho slavery of the black man; but there was never any troubled conscience about the slavery of tho white man, although it had existed in every ago and country. Evi a in modern ages, one of the groat exporters of slaves was Britain, who sent numbers to be sold on tho continent. The Anglo-Saxons sold their female servants, and oven their children, to strangers, particularly to tho-Irish. This custom existed even after the Norman conquest. At a Council of the Church hold iu London iu 1102 a canon was adopt d : "Let no one from honcetorth presume to cai ry on that trafilo by which men in England havo hitherto been sold like brute beasts." But still tho owning of slaves was universal. The HritaitiH supplied tho market of the Haracous with slaves purchased from Slavonic tribes bor dering the Adriatic aud tho Mussulman continued the traffic of slaves taken from Christian nations even down to our day. All commercial naii ma iu modern times engaged in tho trafilo of Afri cans, and Old and Now England especially made some of their inrgost fortunes from it. Tbo black man was then introduced iuto slavery iu America alter the your 1511, after the white man had been in elavory for thousands of years, without any holy horrur being excited against his oppressors. Tue ulack man was thus brought I ruin his original forests and nativo habits, whero he bad been doomed, from tho tirst dav of his creation, to livo upon the epoittansticnus productions around him, and reduced to tho ans and occupations of civi lized life under tho proUcting care of tho raco originally created expressly as "tillers of the ground.' Under this caro and guidance tho habits uf the negro havo been moditied. Iu the care of tbo stronger raco ho has improved and grown in ro rapidly iu population than be has tver done before, tlo has been elevated iu tue scale of existence and beeu blessed with the com forts of Christianity, such as ho has novor known before iu the history of tho world. Nuw, that the strong arm uf bis intorcst? d protector is tauen from hitu, bis ?! om is inevitable. Ho will sink iuto his original state of existoncf, aud livo the wandering, migratory lite fur which ho was created, just as the Indian does, ami as tho white man encroaches <>n him ho will perish out?for no place can savo bim but the burning c innate and vast intcri oT toresta of Africa. Contact with civi lization and the moro vigorous race, without ownorship ur interest in his moividu.il weltare, will ho death to bim. A national army cannot protect him any more than it protected tue exter mination uf the Indians front tho encroachments of the whito raco. If tbo weaker race should col lect together and accumula to pi opertv, too very army iiself will bu i bur plunderers. To attempt to guard them permanently b? soldi-.-rs or Oy bu reaus, ?ill bo to put wolves to guard the sheep fold. Individual slavery or individual ownership of individual laborers has been changed in other countries, and they passed under thu yoke ol that slavery which comes from capitalists owning them iu thu mass through the p iwor of guvor-.mutit. l'ois has been done gradually und without a shock ; but it has ulway., been done wnero the races were tho samo au t auiafgation was iuseii-i blo. But here, whero the race is black and totally di tinct in its vory orgauizttinn and all its animal instincts, its doom is inevitable. Created by an ?U-wiau God for some groat, inscrutable provi dence, in hin government uf tlio world, he will show, in ttis own timo, Uo?v weak i-i hum ?u vision, aud huw vain aud preanmptu ms is poor empty man. The rise and fall of nations is ouo of the m.mt startling wonders of G id's providence. I'm y seem to have seed thu germinate and spread their roots far and near, aud spring up ? into rank veRotation, and when their fall and win ter come thoir loaves fall, and finally they perish ami sink into tho dust of t lui earth, scarcely no ticed or remembered by tho busy, surviving world, save by sumo lush-nun or searching nntitpjai mu. Thoy seem to risu from theeuiti? UK? the caterpil lar, pursue their oourao, devouring ?ill vegotatiou, no matter how green ami lovely, in their progress, until lln-y reach Humo ravine i r walci-i dgt?, whon they suddenly sink into, .1.7 they rose from the earth, luuinuti fbrgottou, Hare only in bo remumbvrod an h moving mass of rabid corruption, devouring all thai was lovely und tl.ar t?? the heart of man. Thu dill'renco is, tie- c itorpillar runs ita raco sooner, and wo can all see its lurmioaUou* but a nation lakes agis tn fulfill its do-dmy, and no single man or generati??ii liven through ita wholo course, rise und decay, and tln-r? f n? tlio situilnr iiy in nature and prop? i.-i.i? h is not so much noticed. But it ia plai ? that man, however much llO may feel accountable and ruspuiittihla ns tin in dividual, loses that responsibility when .10 is merged in th<? mass, a nation, ?u-* mans of peo ple, will do what no civilized ..r moral being would do in his imiivuliiil capiuity. l\-r tho great crimes conimiltetl by mumm no single or Indi vidual citizen bangs bin bead with sh.tmo under the withering ex? craUta.11 ?if a moral ur Christi ir world, llu lei In himself to be but ti singlo cog iri the great machinery lit hovii-ty, ?uni (ills bin place in tur? ing thu wheel, even tfn.u.h it should bo thu wheel of Juggernaut crushing and crashing the bones of human victim? thrown before it by scores, to feed tho vorucioua maw of tho nation's idol, under the wild an I l.imitical cry of National Destiny. No man cun see more, than to know and feel that it is Cud'?? iirm that builds up a ua tiou, and it is Goil's arm ulone that u.tu pull down a nation. They spring up, wiMn-r, aud perish ae does the grass and the her tie of thu earth, only that the timo is longer with tin 111, hikI that is all we know. This groat helpless negro race wae brought among us by those professing tho strict est Christianity, ami alter being protected and elevated in thu sedo ol civili/. it ion for two hun dred years, thoy are now viuluutly turned loose by tho samo sectarian Chriiti ill??orphans and minors to bo wanderers and v..grants, and to perish, or save themselves by oeetping to those wil I swamps and foro-?ts Irom iriio.ioe thoy ori ginally canie, and to sink ?I ?wn to the food they Were doomed to eat aa "/?<"?/,'* ?u thu Olli day of creation. One of the great dilli uliiea heretofore in the civilization of man pccuietl '. be tho diffi culty of cbiihiug linn 011 a eiie.ip suilo. Civilized nations had otton conquered barbarian uatiuiie, hut those who governed them uttuu sunk down to tbe eamo level of tbo verv people thoy had con quered, for they were without tho me ins of cloth ing them on a large scale. A naked man is neces sarily a aavago man; eloih him, and you tempt him to trade and deaivo the com tort 3 of life, and this begets a desire for industry, to acquire thuso comforts, and that begets a desire for prosperity, und the desiru of prosperity begets a desire fur law to prutect it, and law is cicilization. Iu this point of view, the cheap cotton produced by the enlightened regulation of what was called slave labor, has been a great civiliser among modern? nations. It was tho wortierfm production of cheap cotton in tho Southern States, combined with' the wnnde? ful machinery of Old ami Now Eng land (where slavery exista in a not hur form), that gave to the world cheap cluthoB for iho poor and naked, such as was novcr known before among civilized mon. Give them clothing and you raise and elevate them. Givo them the necessaries of life and you raise their comforts, and with their comforts you raise their virtues. Give man ob jects around him, dear and worth living for, and you necessarily make him a creature of society and civilization. Ilevereo it, and send him forth naked and hungry, and you render him wild, with nothing to live for. In this view, to tho great niassi-a of mankind, the? comforts of life become, iu fact, the vir tues of lifo. Lord Brougham, iu ono of hia fiiio flourishes on universal education, once declared he hoped to seo tho day when every, man in Englaud would bo ablu to read Bacon.. Cobbett, in hia cool utilitarian btylo, replied he hoped to seo tho day when every man iu England would be able to enf oncot?. There ia m?rophiloso ?hy than surcasmin this remark. The maxims of ift Franklin, enlarged and systematized by Jero ni.v Bontham and his scholars, however short they may fall of embodying high mural truths and the philosophy of sentiment, have done much to ad vance tho condition of tue largo masses of men. Under the burning sun of the ?South, congenial to the negro, guided by tin? intelligence of the white race, there haB boon developed the production ufa cheap material for clothing Hie poor of the highor latitudes, and they, iu their turn, bare been able to exchange the production of thtdr artisan and mechanic ?kill and labor for ihts very cotton for clothing their children. Thus, with their skill in a higher latitude, thoy aro enabled to enjoy the comforts and even luxuries of a more tropical 10 giou. Tho exchangeable values of tho two sec tions have thus advanced the comforts and cvili zation of both. It has been the organized alxvc labor of the South that has given a cbuap article for clothing tho poor, and that has pent comfort and contentment to tho laboring sections of every country in Christendom. All this 'has suddenly beeu destroyed, and tho old a \ stem at patriarchal slavery lias hcon changed, and thu now system, of modern slavery has been instituted, whereby tho whites and blacks shall b >th he owned by capitalists and associated wealth in tho shape of corporations, through tho power of government. The negroes will make moro cotton this year than ?hey will next, and whether white labor can be permanently i< troduced to rely ou for large crops of cotton is a grave proposition which I think extremely doubt Mil. Tuey may increase tbe crop in the hilly and muro lio-.liht'ul regions, but this will not be doue where a provision crop, which is so much shorter in its growth and loas tedious, can be raised to any profit. Thero is one thing clear,?that no crop of any kind can be per manently produced in the Southern States unless a free and equal goverument'be extended towards them. No men, or set of men, will over work long under a govorument without law and without con stitutional protection. Montesquieu lias remarked, with profound wisdom, that no republic can af ford to conquer or keep Biihjngited another peo ple, for it will requit c m ?re arbitrary power iu the government than what is compatible With the na ture of tho government, and must of necessity cli.ngo it. Whether this is not done already, time alone can prove. If two million five hundred thousand bags of cotton uro not raised thia year, aud in a siiuatim to be relied on by the 16th <f October next, for tho coming crops, then the thirty,?bixty, and ninety day foreign bills draiwi in the* fall wil have tobo met by tho shipment of specie. Tho cotton cannot be got. Wu aro all standing on a groat ice bridge, ?in?, ?s tho heat of summer pr-igro-isea, tho thawing will progress, aud wo will theii soo the fissures and tho crick-1 that havo boon made by the convulsions hroii-'h which we havo passed. F??r Hi'iuu groat and wise purposu Providence Buffered the Indians, who posseased tho-o vast aud fertile fields, to bo driven back with groat - cruelty, and finally to perish; and now tho negro race beoms destined to bo forced to give way to a mure vigorous mid higher race, and thu blaok man is doomed to perish her- as d d hia pi educes aor, tho red man. No doubt it is ad f r some wiao and groat purpose in the providenco of Him whoso ways are not aa our ways, aud whose. policy ia unknown to mort il man.* I havo th? honor to bo, Very respectfully, virara truly, F. Vf. I'loKENS: 8TEALIXO '-Palpitati.xo Bosoms."?A nice look ing muatached man, by the name ?if Alilu M. Mor gan, was arraigned for stealing from tho faucy storu of Emil H irner, No. i'?4 Main-street, sundry articles, chief mining which wei 0 certain aiysto rious lookiug "plumpers," supposed to bo "For man's lllii.-ion given," in artificially rounding out and reii'lnring "palpi tating" thu fomaie bust. Tuest? mysterious ap pliances aro, perhaps, more accurately described m thu beuch warrant, as inflow?: "That on the 15th diy o? Juno, A. D. I860," Ac,, Ac , Ac, this said Morgan "did, aith torce and arma, lelou'Oti-ly t?ko one fa.,, tinto skeins of yarn, ono palpitating bosom, one pair of scissors,'* Ac, Ac. Tho pnrloiner of Indies' pilnititing bosoms (duos ho steal thoir h-tans ?a well?) was fined %7 ?ndeoste, making til 80. Hu ?an^ivoi timo to snll bis watch, Ac, iu nr I? . tu raise tho need ful.?Hartford (tkmn.i Titurs. Gbkxbai. Shbuman i? showi ,<> hiiusolf around in tho .Nor? hem eiti.s, and much 1 dort seems to ho making to lionize him. But his spo??oheB and shorter responses aro general.y very lnelieiton?* and coafao, aud show him to bu muoh more of _ bear than liun.