University of South Carolina Libraries
? 'y BY .Ci^ESCALE TS??h^1 Column, J. ?. GLtNKSbALES, Editob. ~ ? Miss Nora Hubbard's article published in ihe Teachers' Column last week was a strong and noble vindication of onr ^^,;admtnistration of the affairs of this office ^^^during the; last Your years. Misi Hub - bard speaks--.with authority; she has a -right to. Her reputation as a teacher is made. She knows whereof she speaks. X;' . She knows what has been done here jk", ? .during the last four years, and knows 7^ ?*. ^that much- still remains to be done. If I you nave not read that article, hunt op your^per.and read it carefully. jYou. rwill find-infit sofid chunks of wisdom. . ..-^tii ? ? ? ' -The good people of Iiebanon have the v good sense to keep Holland. Holland has made himself a necessity there,.and they:are determined to hold him. They have a good school at Lebanon. Why may they not have at many other places in.the County? Give them live teachers and they; will have. Who has jstuck closer to pur Institutes, Associations and to pur Library than Holland ? No one. $eli-me that the public school system is ^>Ua ;cdreei and that the people of tbis^j County'"areIfead to the cause of edoca* tioni vlTot a bitof it. The curse of this whole country, as we have long con ".... tended, has been dead teachers and dead | School Commissioners. The people, as J a people, are alive. Give them compe- j . V tent school officers and school teachers, and.tbey will be very far from relying solely on the public fund for the educa |-\ tion of their children. Who is surprised .: that the people will not give their money, to the average public school teacher f Business men do not want to invest in enterprises that bear failure upon their very face. '; Fill this County full'trf W. Pi Hollands and such men and women as I might mention, and it will not be long before our County will blossom as the '^r?TOSe. One good woman in this County, who" has been teaching ever since the war, .; - says, and says emphatically, that she is a better teach, to day by 100 per cent than she has ever been. Says she : "I owe it to the Teachers' Institutes, to the Teach ere' Association, to tbe Teachers' Library and . to the unfailing watchfulness and interest of our School Commissioner." " We have always had the highest regard forthat woman, always looked upon her as one standing considerably above medi? ocrity in point of intellect; now we ?', want to thank her publicly for that expression of kindness and approval. > : :?n expression'of lhat kind, coming as it-j cloes. from a woman of experience and. - ability, is the best endorsement that tbe School jCbmmiesioner with his "new fangled notions," such as Institutes, Asso? ciations and Libraries, can have- Unfor? tunately, some of our teachers, especially some of tne malesi are very cowardly. They have back-bones like Sam, Jones's cotton string. If some old "cooter'Mn the neighborhood, who sends two or three children to school, thinks that the Com? missioner has gone mad and "is a spend inj of the children's money," the teacher who is expected,-in the light of common :fif-r sense and common ireaspn, to defend the truth-always and ander all circumstan? ces, for fear of giving offence andjosiog ? .a few nickles that rattle in the pocket of | " the hardened old ignoramus, hangs his .. head in silence, and by his very silence acquiesces in the hurtful stnpidity and black heartedness that makes the change. Shame on the teacher who is so weak " morally as thus to sell his manhood for the few:glittering dollars of the biped called "a man." When our teachers learn to talk more and write more and think more, they will be more influential for - ; good, and the whole County will- feel its elevating efP-c'a. Let the world know y.-,V:.;,that , you have brain* of your own, tongues of your own, and pens of your own, and that you mean to use them all for the g'?<>d ?-f the cause of education and for the goud of humanity. ?\? His Uncle's Ghost In the Sky. Blaxeimn, Neb., August 21.?Abra? ham McAdams, one of the wealthiest far mers in this conuty, is making arrange? ments to.enter tbe ministry. This deter? mination on ? the part of Mr. McAdams was a great surprise to his friends. Th ere is a queer story ., in connection with it. List Thursday morning he started to Biakeman in company with a neighbor named Ira Boyce. When near a place called Harrer's Draw, about four miles east of At wood, they saw a cloud shaped like a balloon and occupied, apparently, >y a woman, arise from the draw, and I oat off towards tbe Northwest. It went it a short distance when it turned and came towards them. When about 100 yards distant and 100 in the air thebal loon'snddenly dissolved and left the wo? man with long, floating hair, . which completely ? covered her. shoulders and reached to her waist, standing aloue. She y had one band outstretched toward Mc? Adams as if beckoning him. The ghostlike scene suddenly changed ' again, and in place of the woman stood a horse with a large pair of saddlebags across its back, and by its side a man with hair woro rather long .and a black stovepipe bat on bis bead. He was ' : dressed in clerical garb, and McAdams at once recognized'him as the exact counterpart of bis uncle, a Virginia circuit rider. " Thin apparently also turned for a mo? ment toward the men. Then, regarding McAdams gravely, it beckoned once, and, . mounting tbe horse, galloped slowly off ? > :. down the draw.. . , When McAdams called for bis mail ? at Blakem?n he was ' handed a letter ^_ with a deep black border, postmarked V - it Three Rivers, Va. A portion of it read : : "Your uncle John was called home -^^^e^terday. He was taken ill in prayer meeting- the night previous, and only HvedX-nbort time'. He was conscious to the last He asked that bis library be . given to you, and his dyiog request was thatyou.shpuld become a minister'of the Gospel and. take op the work where he ;.: ti oS,"?St; Louis Globe Democrat, S & LANGSTON. CARL'S WAGES. Arp's Boy Earns His First Money. Atlanta Constitution: The first money tbat a boy earns is the best. Most every man hse pleasant memories of the first reward he got for his own labor. I remember how proud I was when I felt of and bandied tbe first silver dollar that a man gave me for two loads of wood?wood that I cot and hauled myself My father was having a new ground cleared, and told me I might have all the" wood I would cut. So I worked on tbe little saplings every even? ing after I came from school, and by Saturday noon I bad two good loads. I hitchei up tbe team that evening and loaded tbe wagon and drove to town as proud^ as a king. My school teacher, Mr. Anderson, saw me and bought the wood and gave me tome kind encourag? ing words that I have never forgotten. My good mother watched me from the window as I went and as I came, and she was proud too?proud of her boy. I remember the love that was in her face and the watery glisten that was in. her eyes as ehe looked at my silver dollar, and how she kissed my ruddy cheek and stroked my hair, and told me tbat it was honest money and would last. What a world of fond aad innocent-pride there is iu a mother's heart; pride in her chil? dren, their looks, their conduct, their success. I kept H cutting wood in tbat new ground, and made more money, but the first was the best. It is a good plan, to let a boy earn some money for himself. He feels hia consequence, and be works .with more spirit than when be is work? ing for bis father. Carl earned his first money last week by dragging a chain for the surveyors, and be struts around like a "capitalist," as Cobe says. He has three dollars in a leather purse, and takes it out of the drawer every night, and looks at it and handles it and shows it to Jessie. It is not the same kind of money that I have been giving him. He will get some more this week and will soon be bothered what to do with it. By and by he wil lend it to his mother, I reckon, and it will slide into a carpet or something that is wanted about the I bouse, and when Carl wants his money I will have to pay it, that's all. I never, have any trouble about buying things? my folks are. mighty kind to me about that. If I pay for them they say I have done my share. Carl is. now iu the hey? day of his yourh ?the consequential-stage, and feels like he can do anything. He flies around like a young, cyclone and makes as much fuss as a little dog in high grass. He is the butt end of all complaints. Everything that is lost or broken is laid on him. But he don't care. His voice has almost quit splitting in two in the middle and'has settled -down to a regular tenor. He stands before the glass and ties bis cravat a long time and he. shines his shoes and brushes his clothes and parts hia glossy bair and -tips bis soft hat a little on one side. He is going to sing iu the choir very soon, and that is all right. I always have hope of a boy who sings in the choir, for music and love run mighty well together, espe? cially in the church. These associations refine- the manners as - well as the thoughts. They create self respect, and a boy will not degrade himself as long as he respect/ himself. When he has behaved badly it is a good sign if be wants somebody to take him behind the house and kiqk him. A teacher asked me .not long ago what was my opinion of corporal punishment in public schools. That depends more upon the teacher than the.boy.. Some teachers command neither the fear nor tbe respect of tbe boys, and, of courseware not fit for their calling. Some are pas? sionate and intemperate and whip when they are mad. Some have no more con? sideration for a'dull, stupid boy than for a bright, smart one, who learns bis les? sons without an effort or a strain. A successful teacher is no ordinary man. He has a rare combination of superior faculties. Every college boy knows this, for they have bad opportunity, to com? pare one professor with another. A boy who would learn willingly and gladly under Professor. McKay would be rebell? ious and sullen under another professor I could name. "Old Mack," as we called him, impressed us with the idea that he felt a personal pride in our advancement, as well as our good behavior, and tbat be attached but little Importance to our transgression of college rules provided there was no malicious meanness in it. If the boys had a 'possum summer about midnight, or disguised themselves and went to a circus he never wanted to know anything about it. A school boy is j u?t like a horse?convince him that you are his friend aud you cau manage him. The teacher must have some dignity of char? acter as well as will powt r. I k mm oni who went to sleep every day in his chair and a boy would slip out and throw a rock up and run back to his seat before it came down on tbe roof of the house and waked him up. He never did try to find out who threw that rock, for he felt ashamed of himself. But about whip? ping. ? Most everyboy wants a bad boy whipped?that t?, it he is somebody else's boy. You may kick anybody's dog but my dog. It I was a teacher now I wouldn't whip at all: but thirty years ago I would have threshed tbe bad boys right aud left. As we grow older we grow kinder. My first boys got pretty much all tbe whipping, and I can now recall some pretty hard ones tbat were not deserved, and it grieves me still tbat I did not try a more loving treatment. I whipped two' of them once for stealing some young mocking birds from a nest in a nabor's orchard. He said they stole them, and I whipped them bad, though they declared- their innocence, and it turned out afterwards that "he was mis? taken in the boys, and I never liked that any more. The better man the father is the less the whipping be will have to do, and so tbe better man tbe teacher is the less be will have to do. A weight of good solid character is of more conse? quence to him than superior scholarship. It takes good generalship in tbe school? room just like it does in tbe army. Some men are born to command, and some are not. If a bad boy has no respect for his teacher the teacher will have to whip him or expel him to enforce obedience. It is a bad sigu when the teacher has to A" walk around with his awitch or his fer? rule in hia hand and keep it in threaten? ing proximity. Solomon enjoyed the liberal ose of the rod upon children, and Solomon . was a wise man ; but a. man who has a thousand children, and don't know them when he sees them, is a poor judge of the parental relation. Of course such children have to be raised by ma? chinery, for they have neither precept nor example. A close, loving compan? ionship of a father with his children is their best safeguard, and lasts the longest. The first born do not get a full share of this, for the young father is absorbed in business and full of worldly ambition, and leaves everything at home to be managed by the mother. As he grows older he has more sense and becomes more thoughtful about the future of his children. He attaches less importance to wealth or fame and becomes more concerned about domestic peace and the good conduct of those who are either to bless or to curse his old age. But about whipping in school. The time was when there was flogging in thenavy, but that has been abolished by law, and this reform has stood the test of time and experience. Time was when the whip? ping-post was in every jail yard in Geor? gia. When I was a very little boy I peeped through the crack of the fence and saw the sheriff whip a man for steal inff a hog. It scared me and I ran away. In tbat day it was considered necessary to whip the bad boys at school. Indeed, the boys expected it and took their chances at being caught in their devil? ment. It was a kind of bargain?an implied contract between the boy and the teacher. You catch me and you may whip me. It was like the old Mosaic law, "An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth;" but in these times we are try? ing to elevate the boys to a higher plane ?to stimulate their pride, their self respect, their sense of honor and propri? ety. "With Bome teachers this will suc? ceed, with some it will fail for reasons already given. As Sam Jones BayB, some are not fitten to teach, and are not fitten to get fitten. Now the idea of fixing an age limit, and to say that a boy must not be whipped after he is ten years old, is not founded in reason. Some boys over ten deserve-more than others under ten. Did you never hire a horse from the stable and hear the owner say, "Now, don't touch him with the whip, for he is high strung and won't stand it." . Just so it is with boys. Not long ago I heard a mother say: "I never bad to punish ClerEnce. He was always good and thoughtful and. obedient; but Will is just running over with mischief all the time. He keeps me alarmed for fear he will get into trouble. The boy can't help it, for it is his nature." While it would almost break one boy's heart to whip him, you can maul away on another just like he was a steer and with as little -effort. As parents know the difference in their children, so should the teachers learn the difference in their pupils and govern them accordingly. I suppose tbat these public shoo la that are run like machinery must have uniform rules tbat fit all alike, the bad aud the good, and bo the question still comes back unanswered ?ought corporal punishment in the pub* lie schools be abolished, and to this I answer emphatically, I don't know. It is like the old question that we used to debate: "Should capital punishment be abolished." That has never been settled yet, and what capital punishment is to a man a good whipping is "to a boy. It almost kills him. It hurts mighty bad. I went to one teacher whose whippings did me no good, for he whipped mad and the madder be was the harder he whip? ped. One day he whipped me for ringing the bell when I didn't ring it. I bad a big boil just behind me and he pulled it before it was ripe, and it liked to have killed me and my mother too. But I had rung the bell several times before and had not been caught, so it was.all right all around I reckon. Old Dr. Pat? terson whipped me only once in two years, and it hurt him worse.than it did me. He almost cried and talked to me so kindly. . He was a good man?Old Pat was, and we loved him. And so after all I don't know whether the teacher ought to whip 01 her people's chil? dren or not, but I don't think be ought to whip mine. Bill Arp. Mercle's Equestrian Statue of Lee Richmond, Va , August 20.?Mercie's model of the equestrian statue of General Robert ?. Lee which is to be erected here, was unboxed to day and placed upon a pedestal in the Senate chamber. The Lee Monument Association have ac? cepted the model, and express themselves as pleased with it far beyond their ex (m cations. There is nothing stiff or constrained in either the horse or rider. Tbe former seems to have been reined in while at a walk, its neck curved and head turned slightly to the left. The rider is sitting erect in the saddle, bare headed, with his right shoulder slightly thrown back, the right hand grasping the hat and acknowledging the salotion of the troops around bim. Governor Lee, when asked his opinion of the model, said it is very satisfactory ; that be bad saen General Lee in tbat position and looking in tbat way a great many times ; tbat there were some slight modifications about the rider, to which the attention of the artist would be called. He thought the feet of the rider might be closer to tbe horse, and perhaps the collar of the coat might be turned down on tbe left Bide of the neck as well as on the right side. These questions, he said, Bhould be submitted to tbe sculptor ,* that the collar had evidently been turned up in order to make an irregular line aud to prevent tbe coat looking too precise and trim at tbe neck. ? Edith Brinkham, a young girl of Racine, Wis., dislocated her neck while getting out of bed in tbe morning. Her screams brought her family to the room and a physician* w is summoned, but at last accounts she was dying. ? When used according to directions, Ayer's Ague Cure is warranted to eradi? cate, from tbe system, Fever, and Ague, Intermittent, Remittent, and Billious Fevers, and all malaria) diseases. Try it. NDEESON, S. C, TB THE DREAD DISEASE. Something About the Yellow Fever. The yellow fever scare is abroad in the land. Further down South where the disease is a frequent visitor it is known as "old yellow jack."' The appellation is a sort of ghastly joke, and it is used much like a frightened child calls the huge New Foundland dog ugly names while the tears of fear yet tremble on its eyelids. Yellow fever never comes twice in exactly the same form. The symp? toms are unlike, and the progress of the disease is not the same. The length of the disease, however, never changes? that is, it takes the same time to run its course. In 1867 when it visited Southern cities the first symptom felt by patients' was a severe pain in the head and a burning feeling over the eyes as if they bad been scalded. In 1871 a slight chill was the first warning of "yellow jack." In 1873 aching bones and an excruciating back? ache first told of the approach of the disease. The cure for the disease was different with each season. Once champagne gave the proper relief, another time hot tea and blankets was the remedy, and once cracked ice and fans were freely used. WHAT IS YELLOW FEVER? Physicians who have had a life-long experience with yellow fever have not yet reached a satisfactory conclusion as what the disease really is. Dr. Jerome Cocbran, of Mobile, a man of great learning and a medical scientist, has stated that the disease is a blood poison, and originates from a germ in the shape of living amimacu'se which impregnates the atmosphere and is breathed into the system. This theory is doubted by many doctors who have had considerable experience with the malady. It is a matter of dispute as to whether or not the disease is infectious. Whole families have taken the disease, one after another, aod yellow fever under such circumstances appeared to be as conta? gious as small pox. Then; again, a mem? ber of a large family would take it and not another member of the household be. stricken, while some person in a neighborhood remote from the disease would have a severe case. FEAR KILLS THE PATIENT. Whenever a patient, stricken with yellow fever, becomes frightened death is almost certain to follow. The reason of this is due, probably, to the prostration which accompanies the fever. People who use alcoholic stimulants rarely every recover if attacked. Men who smoke a great deal are not apt to take it, and Dr. Cochran, alluding to this, while speaking of his germ theory, says the tobacco smoke kills the germs before they are breathed into the lungs. Full-blooded negroes are exempt to a great degree, and even mulatoes are not as apt as Caucassians to take the disease. People do not have the disease twice unless they move away and then re? turn to the place where they first had it. HOW TO AVOID TAKING IT. It is not disputed that yellow fever can do no barm to those who tio not sleep wherein the disease is. In. infected cities families move into the country, and the men go to the city after the sun is up and the dew is dried from the grass, and work during the day, returning to the country before sunset. The fever ruus its course in thirty-six hours, unless there is a relapse. When the fever leaves the patient, which usual? ly occurs about twelve o'clock at night, and there is a feeling of great prostration, recovery only depends upon a few days of careful nuni?g; if the patient feels perfectly well and talks about getting up when the crisis is reached, it will not be out of place to order a coffin. THE YELLOW FEVER FLY. There is a superstition in the seacoast certain to be a "yelllow fever year." The cities that when a certain kind of winged insect makes its appearance there is insect is known as the yellow fever fly, and it looks much like a species of flying ant. When the fever makes its appearance in July, which is considered very early, the type will not be very fatal. The later it comes the more malignant it will be. A heavy frost is the only thing which will check the spread of the disease. "Frest kills the germs,"<says Dr. Cocbran. There is a danger, however, of the disease showing itself in mid-winter if infected clothing has been kept in a warm, close place. Refugees from the fever always have everything in their houses fumigated before returning home., THE BLACK VOMIT. Dr. George A. Ketchum, of Mobile, has laid down the rule that black vomit always kills, that is, that the patient cannot recover when black vomit makes its appearance. "For," says Dr. Ketch? um, "black vomit is the inner coating of the stomacb, which has mortified and given away." Other physicians claim that black vomit is nothing but coagulated blood, which comes from the stomacb, and that patients who have the black vomit can recover. Dr. Ketchura's theory is pro? bably the correct one. Patients with yellow fever are not yellow, but red. It is only in death that the skin turns yellow, and then it be? comes the color of bright orange. SCENES IN A STRICKEN CITY. The points I have given about the dreaded plague are from personal Obser? vation, as I lived through many epidem? ics in Mobile and New Orleans. When I was but a boy my father was president of the Can't Get Away Club, of Mobile, a society whose members were pledged not to leave the city during an epidemic, and my name was on the roll as an honorary member. f have stood upon the streets and counted twenty funeral processions with iu an hour. I have seen carts pass by loaded with dead bodies, for there was not time enough to shroud and coffin all the dead, which were thrown into a large excavation and haBtily covered over with louse dirt. [UESDAY MORNIN< I once went into a house and upon tbe floor were two children who had been dead several days. On a bed lay a dead woman, the mother of the childien, and by her side her husband lay dying. Such scenes were common?the plague was upon the city, and the reaper death found a plentiful harvest. a patient's experience. I was a yellow fever victim in 1873, and the full course of tbe disease was as follows: One day about noon I was seized with a backache so severe tbat I could not move without great agony. I went to bed and fell asleep. About dusk I awoke, and thought the house was. on fire. I felt as if I was in a furnace. My eyes seemed like coals of fire, and my breath scorched my throat. I tried to get up, and felt such a rush of blood to my head that I desisted. About 10 o'clock the physician, Dr. George A. Ketcbum, came to see me, and the first thing he said was ; "The boy is burning up.3' I lay on that bed, the very sheets feeling like hot iron, for thirty-six hours. When I closed my'eyes I would see great columns of flame shooting up and up? and I would open them' suddenly to get relief, but only to see the columns of dame go shooting downward. At tbe end of thirty-six hours I felt the fever leave me, and I was so weak I could not speak. I was safe and I knew it. But it was six weeks before I left tbe house, and then I tottered like a drunken man. Yellow fever is a terrible plague and those who have not been through with it cannot appreciate tbe feelings of those who become panic stricken when tbe alarm is given and the cry goes over the city; "The plague is upon u-?."?Atlanta Evening Journal. The Advantage of the Circus, It is a poor question tbat has not at least two sides; and tbe wrong side of the circus has been so often presented from our pulpits and in our religious papers, that we are beginning to think it only fair tbat tbe readers of this paper should have an opportunity of seeing some of tbe advantages tbat accompany this very popular institution. We are promp? ted to this discussion by tbe fact tbat Barnunrs circus has just folded its tents like the Arabs, and as silently stolen away from our city; and thus we have had a fresh opportunity of noting the blessing which is brought to our highly favored community. And first: On tbe score of health, We have much to be graceful for. A. num? ber of excellent women, during tbe recent protracted spell of damp weather, have been martyrs to neualgia, rheum a tism and other chronic ailments which had defied the skill of our best physicians and had prevented the good Bisters from attending their beloved church, were suddenly cured of their complaints, and turned out on tbe 28th of June'to see tbe circus. Secondly: The improvement in our people's facilities for transportation was quite a notable circumstance. Church members who had not been to church for nearly a year, because they "bad no conveyance, and it was too far to walk," found, upon further consideration, that they could hook up tbe old roan to the milk-wagon, or the Jersey (heretofore regarded as unsafe) and make a perfectly safe and highly enjoyable trip to New Bedford to see tbe circus. Sociologists, and other writers up on tbe progress of civilization, tell us tbat a people's means of transportation is one of the surest tests of their civilization, and if this be sound doctrine, who will be bold enough to deny tbat the circus is a great civilizing agency? We know a pastor who, on the day of the circus, hired a buggy and drove many miles to visit some members of his flock who had not been able to get to church once in four or five months, and he failed to see them because they had gone to tbe circus What an admirdable commentary upon the time honored proverb, "Where there is a will there is a way I" Thirdly: Tbe circus aroused and kindled so much hitherto latent interest in children. A large proportion of tbe adult Christians who attended the circus here seem to have cared little for the performance on their own account; but they had children who were "anxious to see the animals," and the grown folks went "just to gratify the children." Some unmarried ladies of uncertain age, who had not shown any special interest in anybody's children for a good while back, were suddenlyjjtricken with a powerful and praise worthy impulse to be of service to some of their little neph? ews; or nieces or cousins or neighbors, and good-naturedly volunteered to see the little ones safe through tbe menagerie and the circus. Fourthly: A manifest improvement took place in tbe financial condition of the community. Many people who, for a long lime, bad been confessedly anxious to "pay that little bill" at the baker's or the grocer's, nay, several church members who had been earnestly desirous of pay? ing their church dues were seen in their holiday clothes, paying street car fares and riding to the circus. Of course it took money to do this; and as they "bad no money" last week, when the baker called for his bill, and as they did have money on the day of the circus, certainly their financial status was improved. Of course an ill-natured man who dislikes circuses, might contrive to say a good deal against them, but our present purpose is not to enter into auy dispute with the other side, and bo we prefer to rest our argument here,?New Bedford Standard. ? A well-to-do citizen of Macon, Ga., uses for a bath tub a zinc lined coffin box. it was intended to contain the coffin of bis neighbor, but proved to be too large to enter the grave, and was bought by its present owner for a song. ? Disorders of the stomach, liver, and kidneys, can be cured by restoring the blood to a healthy condition, through the vitalizing and cleansing action of Ayer's Sarsaparilla. It is the safest, most pow? erful, and most highly concentrated alterative available to tbe public. 3, SEPTEMBEE 6, 1 Et CHINA. A Queer old Country of one Race, one Religion and one Party. Atlanta Gonalilution. "The merchants are missionaries, and it is in China as it has been everywhere. Commerce first and then civilization and Christianity." The speaker was a merchant himself* Captain A. A. Benning, and one of those restless, progressive people that be would have you believe have made such excel? lent missionaries in China. The Captain is home again now, after an absence of nineteen years. You have plenty of lime to think about all that in nineteen years, and maybe the captain was right about it. "Why, has there been any great change ?" "No, not a great change, but the be? ginning of a change. Already there are telegraph lines all over the kingdom, and a railroad from Tientsin to Pekin. Those belong to the government, though, and the government is an absolute monarchy, so you can imagine that the system is not the most perfect in the world. But it is a noticeable fact that in the open parts? that is, where foreigners are allowed to go?the natives are decidedly in advance of those cut off from communication with foreigners." "What about the missionaries 7" "They have done some good, of course. Of all the denominations at work there, I believe the Catholics have made by far the most decided advance. A foreigner is not allowed to travel over the empire, but is confined to the open ports. The missonaries are allowed a radius of one hundred miles around those ports. A half century or so ago when a coolie, or day laborer, bad more children than he could support be drowned some of them. The Catholics have stopped that by buy? ing the children, paying one or two dol? lars for them, and then bringing them up as their own children. Those are the only Chinamen .that are really converts. If a Chinaman can get a job by profeesing Christianity, he will profess Christianity. They are, to a greater degree than any other people, attached to the religion and government of their forefathers. China is the oldest nation on earth, and China men have been Chinamen too long to be. really converted by merely talking to them." "Isn't there a feeling against foreign? ers?" "No, quite the contrary. The man? darins are the only ones that oppose.the foreigners." "Take a Chinese city about as large as Atlanta, what would it look like ?" "Well, in the first place, there-would be a wall around it about twenty feet high. The gates are opened at sunrise and shut up at sunset. The houses have only one story, and none of the roofs are as high as the city wall. It's a queer Bight to stand on the wall and look over the city. The streets are narrow, say six to eight feet wide, and robbers move over the city by going from roof to roof." "Why don't they walk on the ground ?" "No one is allowed to go on the streets after nightfall, and if a fellow is caught going about, the supposition is that he is a' robber. There is a watchman at every streeti corner during the night, and the bead man in each block is responsible to the mandarin for all disorder in that block. So at night the streets are desert? ed, except by the watchmen, and all you bear is the beating of the watchman's going as they walk their beats. In the daytime, though, the streets arc crowded; you see bundles of merchandise carried about on .the backs of coolies, an occas? ional ox cart, or wheelbarrow, or sedan chair. The passenger wheelbarrows are made pretty much as they are here jexcept that the wheel is larger, and on each Bide of the wheel is a seat. Two passengers make a load. There are no women on the streets. There are the shops, and the markets, the warehouses, all ooe Btory. The mandarin's house is' two story, and so is a literary man's, but that is all." "What about a Chinaman's house?" "The grandparents of the families are the head people. A Chinaman's parents are far more sacred to him than his children are, and the worship of their ancestors is a part of their religion. A Chinaman's first wife is chosen for him by his parents. The others are merely concubines and he has as many of tbem as he can buy and support. The first wife has an authority over the others. When she dies the husband may choose one of bis concubines to be his wife, but more often he chooses a new one from outside. When one of the concubines has a child it is immediately taken from her and given to the head wife. The head wife has charge of all the children and treats them exactly alike. - The children all respect her as mother, and regard their real mother as merely a concubine of their father. There is no public school system, but schools are common and education of the masses has always been encouraged. The only rank except that of king is mandarin, and the mandarins are chosen by competitive examinations in the provinces, and from these the higher mandarins are chosen in the same way. It is the heighth of a Chinaman's ambitions to be a mandar? in." "What would you see around the city?" "Bice fields and sugar cane in the low country, tea farms in the upper country. Then of course, they raise a great variety of other things. It took Chinamen to find out what beans were good for. Here and there are fish ponds, well kept and well stocked. Their farms are perfect flower gardens. The ground is never idle, not a single foot of it. There is another thing about the city that you see from away off?the lepera1 village. There Is a great deal of leprosy, and there is nothing on earth as sad as a leper's fate. When the police carry him to the lepers' village he bids an eternal farewell to the out?ide world, and waits for death. Life is an agony, and all around him are lepera, nothing but lepers." "What causes leprosy ?" "They used to say that filth did, bul a new and plausa^e theory is that the entire absence of salt in all they eat if quite as potent a factor as the filth 888. There is no salt mined in China. All they get is made by evaporating sea water along the coast, and the tax on salt is so fearfully heavy that by the time you get one hundred miles from the coast the salt has increased five hundred per cent in value. The privilege of selling salt is let to the highest mandarin, and is a main source of bis revenue. To protect the mandarins no foreign salt is allowed to be imported. They tax everything, ex? ports as well as imports. A governor of a province instead of being paid for his services actually pays the ting for tbe appointment. - Then he gets rich by tax? ing his people. When tbe king needs money be sends bis officers around to every house. An accurate account is kept of each man's wealth, and, going by the list with which he is furnished, each officer Bays: 'Look here, the king wants to borrow bo much.' The China? man loans it without a word, withont a receipt, and that's the last he ever bears of it. The government is an absolute monarchy, and a subject is liable to be called on at any time and for any amount. There is no parliament, nothing to ham? per or rationalize tbe whims of the king." "Don't the people ever revolt?" "Oh, no. They are not politicians. You see there are no democrats and re? publicans?no tories and whigs. They are all one party, and that is tbe king's. They have no Methodises, Baptists, Episcopalians, Catholics,. Presbyterians ?none of that. They baye one religion, idolatrous and all that, but promising a hereafter, a reward for good and ill, and it answers every purpose. They are one people. It is a rather curious fact, though, that their dialect are so strongly marked that a Chinaman from one pro? vince cannot understand one from another province. They make a medium of pigeon English. The written language is exactly the same all over the empire. Another thing that a foreigner will miss there is Sunday. There is no day of rest. The only holiday is Chinese New Year. They have lunar months, and New Year comes about the last of January or first of February. The holiday lasts about three days." "What about their language ?" "There is a seperate character for each word, and sometimes one character means an entire phrase or sentence. There are 15,000 words and it takes three years or more to learn nil." "What about the rice farms ?" "Pretty much as they are in South Carolina but more scientific. Bice is the only thing taxed, but it cannot be exported. There is a severe law against it." "Any minerals in China?" "It would be hard to give an accurate idea, as the mines are all in tbe interior and are badly worked. Tbey all belong to tbe government." "What is the national game?" "Kite flying. Old and young fly kites. Tbe national mode of execution is be? heading. Punishment is severe. Theft is punished with death, as is infidelity in man or wife. They have theaters, but the companies go from town to town and usually build a new theater in each town. They are mathouses, and cost very little. When a Chinaman builds a house be puts up tbe mat shelter first to keep off tbe sun and rain, and builds his house without using a nail. The larger tim? bers are bamboo and tbey are tied togeth? er. In Bummer there is a false mat roof over the other roof, a foot or so above it, aud this makes it far more pleasant than it would be otherwise." "What about the courts?" ' "There is a land for tbe rich and a land for the poor. You get what yon pay for. If you pay the judge more than the other fellow does you win tbe suit. There is no jury, and tbe judge can make you confess anything?by torture." "What do they do with their dead ?" "Bury them after keeping them above ground an long as possible. The dead houses are owned by the priests. The dead man's relatives give ?Se priest so much to say cbincin over the body, and tbe body is kept out for weeks. One of the most famous dead-bouses in the empire is in Eonam, just across the Chuking from Canton. The temples, too, are very interesting. One in Can'">n has 15,000 idols. There is a headache idol, tooth? ache idol, and so on, bo when a China? man wants to get rid of his disease he buys "josh paper" from the priest and burns it before his idol. Tbey are not musicians, about tbe only instruments being a one string fiddle and tbe inevita? ble gong. Their theater pieces are all historical. Another' queer idea is this: The government does not feed prisoners confined in jail. The prisoner's relative's and friends bring bim food and drink, or if he has none he simply starves to death. They are very ingenious in their forms of punishments. One of the most common punishments is tbe 'cang.' Two boards are made to fit together around your neck, so that when fastened on your neck is in tbe middle of a flat board about four feet square. You can't lie down to rest, nor can you get your hands to your mouth. It doesn't look horrible, but it is. One great advantage the rich man has in China." "What'b that?" "You can hire somebody to suffer your punishment for you. Frequently one man is beheaded for another. If the condemned criminal is rich, or if be has rich relatives, they make up about two hundred dollars, go to some poor coolie that can hardly support bis family and bis aged parents, and for love of his famify and the two hundred dollars, be will take your place and b* beheaded. It's an easy thing to get rid if you only have a start. Three per cent a month is the common rate of interest. They are honest, reliable people, too, as a general thing, bard workers and never complain. They are a temperate people, never get drunk. Their beverage is 'sam sho,' a kind of rich beer. They are easily led, and eternally being led into trouble by some scheming mandarin." "And what about the merchant ser? vice?" "Well, people don't generally know enough about ships to appeciate the stupidity in putting tbe shell or outside of a ship together first, and putting tbe frame in afterward. With us, building a VOLUM ship ia like building a bouse, the frame first and covering afterwards, but with them it is reversed. Their boats are fiat-bottomed, no kneeL and very large ruddie. The Chinese invented the center board. Their masts are a single pole, and the sails are square mats, woven of \ grass and stiffened with bamboo. A set of sails lasts about a year. Steam is gradually coming into use now, but the steamships are all foreign make and be? long to foreigners. Those native junks are queer things, very queer things." Marriage and Single Life. Marriage changes the current of a roan's feelings, and gives him a center for his thoughts, his affections, and his acts. It renders him more virtuous, more wise, and is an incentive to put forth his best exertions to attain position in commercial and social circles. It is conceded that marriage will increase those cares of a young man which he would not enconnter if he remained single, but it must be granted, on the other band, it heightens the pleasures of life. If marriage, in some instances, within knowledge, has seemed to be but a hindrance to certain success, the countless instances must not be forgotten where it has proved to be the incentive which has called forth the best part of a man's nature, ? roused him from selfish apathy, and inspired in him those generous principles and high re? solves which have helped to develop into character known, loved, and honored by all within the sphere of its influence. Matrimony, it is true, is chargeable with numberless solicitudes, and respon? sibilities, and this all young men should understand before entering upon it, but it is also full of joy and happiness unknown to the bachelor. To the young man away from the home of his parents, or who is by their early death deprived of a home, marriage is a blessing and a necessity. If he remains single, he may have a pleasant place of | residence, his amusements may be con? tinuous, be may have all the luxuries that money can buy, but he will feel that lack of home and that holy love of a good wife which no money can purchase. He may be courted for his wealth, he may eat, drink and revel, he may have the most faithful attendants and skilled phy? sicians at his bedside when ill, but all these cannot compensate for the more quiet bliss of connubial life, or the tender watchfulness of those whose hearts are knit to him by the strong ties of family relationship. To all young men choosing between the slates of life, the single and married, we commend the words of quaint Jeremy Taylor, who sums up the subject well when he says : "Marriage hath in it more safety than single life; it hath more care; it.is more merry and sad; it is fuller of joys, and sorfows ; it lies nnder more burdens, but it is supported by all the strength of love and charity, which makes those burdens delightful. It is a school and exercise of virtue, and though it hath cares yet sin? gle life bath desires w^icb are more troblesome and more dangerous, and of? ten end in sin, while the cares are but the exercises of piety." Life and Death of a Dog; West Chester, Penk., August 29.--. Two or three years ago Mrs. Elizabeth Sbee died in this place, leaving a will be queathiDg $1,500 to be invested, the in. terest upon it to be applied to the keeping of a much loved dog belonging to her. The will also set aside the sum of $100, to' be applied to paying tbe cost of the dog's funeral when that should he neces Bary, the dog to be laid beside his mistress in the burying ground of tbe Great Val? ley Chester County Presbyterian Church. Upon tbe death of the dog the $1,500 was to be passed over to the use of the church as a contribution. Under this will the dog was put to boarding at tbe bouse of a fiiend of tbe deceased lady, where he lived in good dog style until last Thursday* when he died of some distemper peculiar to tbe canine family. Yesterday bis remains were taken in charge by a regu? lar undertaker, who after carefully and artistically shrouding them, placed them in a new-prepared box (or dog coffin) and took them to the burying ground above mentioned and neatly interred them beside tbe animal's former friend and protector. Tbe dog was 14 years old. He was of poor, but respectable parentage, and as a dog-held an enviable position among the dogs of tbe town, with which he was on tbe best of terms. Tbe $1,500 will be at once banded over to the church, in. further obedience to tbe letter of the will. ? The Indian school at Carlisle, Pa., has the oldest pupil of any educational institution in the United States. He is more than 60 years of age. Crazy Head is his name, and be was once chief of the Crow Nation. He was a bold warrior and an able ruler. He was anxious to learn tbe ways of white men and is now receiving instruction in blacksmithing. During the coming winter he will attend school. He is a man of vigorous health, and has a more refined face than is often found in his race. He is docile and patient and there is something almost pathetic about hi 3 longing to learn the customs of civilization before be dies. ? That backing cough can be so quickly cured by Shiloh'a Cure. We guarantee it. For sale by Hill Bros. ? It is now proposed to enact a law in Louisiana prohibiting under penalty, the manufacture, sale, or use of dangerous weapons. ? Catarrh cured, health and sweet breath secured, by Shiloh's Catarrh rem? edy. Price 50 cents. Nasal Injector free. For sale by Hill Bros. 1 ? A chicken with hair iostead of feathers is a curiosity now to be seen at Perry, Ga. Sleepless night?, mado miserable by that terrible cough. Shiloh'a Cure ia the remedy for you. For sale by Hill Bros. ? Couples contemplating matrimony generally study economy. We never see an engaged couple that we don't think of close figures. ? Will you suffer with dyspepsia and Liver Complaint? Shiloh's Vitalizer is guaranteed to cure you? For sale by Hill Bros. E XXIV.- -NO. 9. All Sorts of Paragraphs. ? There is something in a name. Whisky is now called "stagger juice." ? The fraudulent old heau who dyes his hair has no right to be writing to any girl about his undying love. ? It is a curious fact that one out of every nine persons you meet on Broad? way, New York, is a Hebrew. ? In seven years the value of the pro. ducts of South Carolina has increased from $72,000,000 to $101,000,000. ? It is time to tie a string to your ' false teeth. Last year there were sixty cases in this country ef plate swallowing.; ? It requires push to succeed in busi? ness, whether it be running a newspaper, keeping a country store or wheeling a . baby carriage. ? "I say, old man, can you tell me where is the first present mentioned in | the Bible?" "Give it up." "Why, Eve presented Adam with a Cain, stupid." ? There are four hundred million cig? arettes used in this country annually. The undertakers, doctors and officers of insane asylums have great reason to be thankful. ? A genius has invented a flatiron, and has utilized the principle of expan? sion, of metals by beat so that a little bell rings when the iron is hot enough to / iron clothes with. ? There are a good mauy persons at the seaside resorts who would be at home if their debts were paid, and a great many who are now at home could then afford to go to the seashore. ? Mrs. Mary E. Bryan, well known in Georgia and throughout the South, is now . living in New York, and has . charge George Monroe's, two papers, for which ;" she receives a salary of $6,000 a year. ? A city young man nhc, while sum- , mering in the country, fell in love with a pretty dairy-maid, proposed and was rejected, told bis friends when be return- - ed home that he only got one "milk .; shake" while be was away. . ? A Texas merchant wrote a letter to ? a Northern firm ordering some goods. After finishing be attempted to read it, but owing to the bieroglphic style of bis "fist" he gave it up saying, "Waal,Til O send it on any way, they are better schol? ars up there than I am." ? Six-Killer is the name of an Indian ? who lives in the Indian Territory. The . ? other day a reporter, curious as to the redskin's name, asked him if he had _ killed six men, to which he replied that be killed seven, but one of them was a . newspaper reporter, which be did not count. ? There are 800,000 freight cars on the various railroad lines in this country, of which 60,000 are the property of the; .:; Pennsylvania Central road. They range in value from $300, the cost of construct- t ing a fiat car, to $1,500, the amount expended in building the average refrig? erator car. ? Mrs. Leland Stanford's jewels are valued at a round million. Her diamond necklace is the finest in the United States ... and possibly in the world. It cost $74,000 and consists of large, "blue tint" soli? taires. Besides this she has several pairs of magnificent solitaire earrings and p enough of other precious stones to fill a ~ quart measure. ? The railways of Dakota and Minne-; - sota will haye their hands full for the next few months. The St. Paul Pioneer^ Press estimates the wheat crop of Minne-?^ sota and Dakota this year at 100,000,000 bushels. Allowing an average of 400'i;j bushels to the car, this will represent no less than 250,000 car loads, or 8333 trains ? of thirty cars each. ? The Chicago Times recently sent a female reporter over the city to find out ^ how much the working girls were paid,' j and bow they were treated. The dia- ? closures made are shocking in tbo extreme. The average slave on a South em plantation before the war was infih- . ~ itely better off than the working girls of^i Chicago are to day. ? Charles Kowan, while digging a v post hole on his farm in Illinois the other day, struck a pint bottle of whisky twenty-seven years old, as shown by date V figures blown on the glass. Charles took a seat in "a shady corner of the fence and ~ opened his find, and when bis wife came : there to look for him he couldn't tell a post hole from a hole in the sky. ? Forty-one years ago a young man of Ehode Island asked a young woman of the same State to marry him. She said ??: "No." The young man went about~nia.' business, but he kept his eye on the ' woman, and from time to time renewed V bis suit, she refusing offer after offer. He ' persevered, and his constancy was re- ' warded a short time ago, when she accepted and married him. He was then 72 years old and she 61. ? A special from Little Kock/Ark., to the St. Louis Pott-Dispatch announces the death under peculiar circumstances . of Be v. Jesse Pratt, the oldest Baptist minister in Arkansas. His son, J... IKjM Pratt, was on trial for aisaulting a wo? man, and the father expressed the hope that he would die before the verdict waafi? rendered. He expired five honrs before-Vv; the jury came in, sentencing his son net five years' imprisonment. Grief ar; ? t shame killed him. /? : ' ? More than half of the people of tne United States?men, women and children ~ ?wear shoes that come from Boston. "". That is the headquarters of the boot and shoe industry of the whole country?the centre from which the marketable pro?'--|; duct of the great manufacturing towns. - thereabout is distributed. The population. j$ of these towns is chiefly made of workera^f in l:he huge shops, which turn out foot t gear at the rate of nearly'100,000,000 | paiira every year. The Babies Cry For it; And the old folks laugh when they find ' that the pleasant California liquid.fruifc>';:r remedy, Syrup of Figs, is more easilyy^ taken and more beneficial in Lb action^, than bitter, nauseous medicines. It is a. ' most valuable family remedy to act oriij; the bowels, to cleanse the system, and "to% dispel colds, headaches, and fevers. Manufactured only by the California Fig Syrup Company, San Francisco, Cak For sale by Simpson, Eeid & Co", 9 '?'