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i ^ G. CLmKSCALES, tor MOKTE?GLE AGAIK^ ..Besides-" the regular^ morning and evening lectures at Monteaglei spoken of feailOT.week'in the Teachers.' Column, there are regular'sumuier schools for ben? efit of those who wish a special course in any particular branch. Dr. Baskerville, ^pof Vanderbuilt, formerly of Wofford ' - - College', had charge of a class in the study of English. Dr. Baskerville is considered one of the finest English scholars /in America. . A Ph. D^ from .doe-pf; best lOfoiyersities of Germany, llpiB-is, though quite yonng, already ranted tV; among the'ablest^ducators in our coun-", . try. Prof. Goodlove, of Wofford, Col? lege, has charge of a school of Greek. . And so one may.gefc.a special law course ' .there. The.informal meeting, called the Eound ? TableMeetings Jn the Hall of Philosophy, were said to have been in.? ? Vtensely"InteresUng.aud exceedingly profi ^^fablo. /E to ex? press.'his own ? views-on any question raised^; and r.the impromptu, speeches were, ia many instances, coDsidere'd "the richestof the ir,tellectual:'feast; It waa . not oUf priyj?ege? to at ten d one of these Vm^eUngs. For some reason, while we ;X^^elr?;ther?^nbne/were: held. ? The., even ing weleft one was.held/but thesched 1^fule bu that mountain road prevented;onr ; : \ttendiiig. It must be instructive when - giants like Carlisle and Elliot and Young cross swords in the Hall of Philosophy. {v.-.::\We-would:not.forget to mention the . address delivered by our old time College friend/DK Jas; H. Eirkland, ofYander ^built/? D:. Kirkland's address on "Ger i'viul American ? Universities" is the ; ;^roductioQ of. a master. We did not ; to hear the ad? dress aud congiat?late our friend of | college days, hut have read his address with unmixed pleasure, and now 'have a . copy of it lying before us in the Moid . eaglfm, that neat little journal to which we alluded last week. . Every seutence is bristfing. with thought and shows the - touch of a master's pen. Dr. Xirkland :ia one of South' Carolina's own sous, and one of whom the whole State has a right .to be proud. The oc:ly revenue the managers of the Assembly receive, is .what they > get from ^, v the gate fees. The fee is U-25 for one v5veek> or $4,00. for ~the entire session. ;.Tists:fee .eaUtlesione to heariWl the morning and evening lectures. So maoy-persons go there these fees amount to something;- SoHhey do,- but it; must be remembered that it costs something to ! run the Assembly. These teachers and lecturers must be paid. Besides, the j band from Cincinnati engaged to.furnish mosic during the aession receives $1,000, | "and expenses. They make the most de-j lightful-music,-and are [required to play - not pUly for the" lectures but at intervals during the daywhen " there are .no exer? cises-going ou. Monteagle is a grand place lo visit, if one iai financially able io make the trip and stand the tax upon his purse while there.. It is a fiue;place for scholars who, worn out by the excessive labor of a long school session, needs rest and intellectual food. Every possible subject is touched in the lectures^ and one may receive in i< at ruction on almost any branch he may v^'wish^;'Bot/'.if we.may' be pardoned for. : the expression of'the opinion, as good and grand a place as Monteagle is for city teachers and teachers of high grade schools, the country teachers of South Carolina and other States can get more real benefit, more lasting good, from a! . County Teachers' Institute such as we had at Williamston. The Monteagle Assembly is "doing a grand workrit moves on ? grand'scale, but the County Insti? tuts pome within, range of the teachers of public "schools. We- would not take any thing for our. trip to Monteagle?it is a grand 'thing, a glorious place; but we csine home better satisfied, better pleased with the work done at our own ,; ;';jTuter-County Teachers' Institute. Some one may-wish to know if there are any attractions -there ^outside' the Assembly grounds* ??We must not forget that the village is located on a mountain. ? Aroung that village is such mountain scenery ais may be found near tho north era limits of our own State. We had ? the pleasure of standing on Forest's Bluff a considerable eminence on which (Jen. Forest of Confederate famecamped; and from which he viewed the valley as \it stretched out miles and miles before him.; Thw-point of interest, especially , to old Confederate soldiers, is not more than three miles distant from the village, "and is visited by hundreds of persons during the session of the Assembly. There are other places of interest.. Up ; " the road a few miles beyond Monteagle ?'Cisi.cpal mice which is yielding a fortune to its owners. Eighty car loads of coal are shipped from that miae every day. The mine yields a very fine quality of VCOjl, and its discovery about thirty years ago occasioned and necessitated the building of the railroad on which the sparkling little villages of Sewanee and Monteagle are located. Many persons visit this mine. The cole taken from it is said to bo ranked with the finest in ' ?America. When about half way up the mountain, pur engine puffing and jerk? ing aa if tired of its burden of empty . coal cars, our conductor pointed out to X;.nWbVrbad ?flbaf/was made by Bragg as he crossed the mountain with his army : 7 on bis, way to- Chattanooga. Of course that old road bad a peculiar interest for us.: we had a brother io that army that dragged its.weary,way across that moun? tain of rocks. - - But is Monteagle-healthy? Is it in ^'"vigoraiing ? Well, if the steady gain of one pound of flesh a day is evidence, we uhbuld give'an affirmative answer. The first day we,were, there, we experienced a peculiar sensation toward midday. We got very sleepy aud drowsy, and, though tbc lectures were intensely interesting, it was Vvith the greatest difficulty that we . conld' keep wake. Upon enquiry we found: that nearly every person was affected.the same way at first. After the first day we (experienced no difficulty of 'ihat Mod, but s! feeling rather tho oppo? site, Tha atmosphere was bracing and l4&luIeratiog. .. Y & CO. We shall never forget our trip to Monteagle, and do most heartily advise any teacher Who feels able to spare the money nest summer to spend at least two weeks there. The natural and intel? lectual atmosphere one breathes there are delightfully elevating. Why People go Mad. Dr. Talcott, the superintendent of one of the New York insane asylums, has recently made public some very interest? ing facts and figures connected with in? sanity, its causes and prevention. The doctor jays that "in 1850 there was one insane person in 1,545 of native, and one in 1,095 of foreign birth in the population of this country. In 1880 the ratio was one insane in 662 of native birth, and one in 250 of foreign birth." . It will be Been from these figures thi\t unless'something is done to check the progress of insanity our peopje will have to.be fenced in or locked up in the course of a few generations. ? ?jThe joaases of insanity the^rdoctorl ascribes to our modern system of educa? tion, early rising, tobacco, alcohol, hard work, gluttony, late hours and exciting amusements. He says that our schools destroy the mental; and physical .health of the pupils and turn them into imbe? ciles, 'Of early rising he says': "This habit was originally formed or forced by our Puritan forefathers in New England. Probably many of us can re? member the rude shocks by which we were awakened, when youngsters, early in the morning, and before our brains and bodies were sufficiently recuperated by sleep from the exhaustions and ex citements of the previous day. Some of us can remember that rousing old com? mand : "Get up, now, right away; or you can't have any breakfast 1" "There was a command, coupled with a threat, and applied in such a . manner as to kindle in the heart of the sleeping lion (or rather boy) the fierce fires of a stubborn resistance. The inalienable rights of growing boyhood had been in? vaded, and the hot, burning passion of anger was excited in the' heart of the boy at the very outset of another day's experience. When roused from sleep by such a starring injunction, the boyish victim remained 'as mad as a March hare' all. day.' , A..peremptory command to get up when one's sleep is as yet un? finished is a command which grinds the soul, curdles the blood, swells the spleen, upsets all good intentions, and disturbs for an entire day the mental activities of a boy, just as a tornado disturbs and levels with advancing ruin a forest of mighty pines." * * * * * * , "A person who wakens suddenly, shakes himself and jumps out of bed as if ho were struck by lightning will cer? tainly injure his own brain if he con tinuealhat habit for a sufficient length of time. The sudden filling of the blood vessels by too sharp activity after waking will in time produce relaxation, or pos? sibly rupture, in the walls of the cerebral . vessels. A person should waken himself slowly, and should rest a short time after waking, indulging in some light, general mental operation, juBt enough to stimu? late to normal activity the brain force before h^riaesfrbm'recnmbent'position.'' But isolation and seclusion are just as bad as early rising. People who look on the bright side of life and seek compan? ionship rarely gomad. It is. disappointing to be told that tha only way of preventing insanity is to. "systematically ..train,' educate and strengthen properly the physical, mental and moral forces-of the young." In an age when the young are almost entirely turned.over to the State for intellectual and moral education it is difficult to see how the proper training can be secured. Dr. Talcott's declaration that no case of insanity should ever he considered chronic or incurable will gladden the hearts of many. In his opinion judicious treatment will cure most of the cases that are generally pronounced hopeless. "Is God Hero." A young man had been extremely profane; and thought little of the matter. After his marriage to a highminded, lovely wife, the habit appeared to him in a different light, and he made spasmodic efforts to conquer it. But not until a few months ago did he become victor, when the glowing evil was set before him by a little incident, in its real and shock? ing sihfnlness. One Sunday morning standing before the' mirror shaving, the razor slipped, inflicting a slight wound. True to his fixed-habit he ejaculated the single word "God ?" and was not a little amazed and chagrined to see reflected in the mirror the pretty picture of his little three-year old daughter, as laying her dolly hastily down sbe sprang from her seat on the floor; exclaiming as she looked eagerly and expectantly about the room, "Is Dod here?" Pale and ashamed, and at a loss for a better answer, he simply said, "Why?" "Cause I thought he was when I heard you speak to him." Then noticing the sober look on his face and the tears of shame in hie eyes as he gazed down into the innocent, radiant face, sbe patted him lovingly on the hand, exclaiming assuring;y. "Call him again; papa, and I dess be i>urely come." Oh, how every syllable of the chid's trusting words cut to the heart! The still, small voice was heard at last. Catching the wondering child up in his arms he knelt down, and for the first time in his life implored of God forgiveness for past offenses and guidance for all his future life, thanking Him in fervent spirit that he had not "surely come" before, in answer to some of his awful blasphemes. Snrely "a little child shall lead them." ? Two women living on Lady's Island, Beaufort County, quarreled Wednesday and soon came to blows, when one picked up a brickbat and knocked the other down, breaking her skull. She died in a short time. The slayer was arrested and now rests behind the bars in Beaufort jail. j ? Help somebody worso off than your self, and you will find that you are better off than you fancied. ARP ON FARMING. How Shifty Men Manage to Get Along. The inter State convention was a suc? cess. Our leading farmers will keep pegging away until they find out what is the matter with farming, and then may be we will change our methods and get along better. I am glad the convention found out what ? was not the matter. That is a good way to narrow down the investigation. It is now settled that it is not the tariff that depresses farming? but Kentucky mules and western meat and northern speculators have a good deal to do with it. But the greatest embarrassment over our up country farming is a disinclina? tion to work. Our farmers will plow and hoe pretty well when they get at it, but Joe Bradley told me that if a man didn't scratch his head in the field by sunrise he wouldn't succeed at farming. T Have watched Joe ten years and he is a success. ? He never went to town except on business, and he attended to his busi? ness ahd'returne~d home with alacrity and went to work. Some of his nabors would lose nearly the whole day when they went to town. Joe saves the scrap pings of his barn yard and the fence corners and has heaps of compost. He raises his own meat and has some to sell. He buys calves in the neighborhood and pastures them until they grow big and fat. He oils his harness and keeps his wagon greased, and when a rainy day comes, he goes to his workshop and fixes up the plows and hoes and axes. Joe loves to work and is'always at it, and so of course he is accumulating. But a good many of our farmers have almost quit attending to little things. It is so handy .to buy meat that he won't raise hogs. It is so handy to buy fertilizers that he never scrapes the barnyard but lets it all wash away. He will give fifteen cents for an ax handle rather than make one. If a man comes along the road be will talk to him half an hour. He will hunt squirrels and go fishing, or attend justices court when his crop is in the grass, and so of course he is always behind. He has to rent poor land because he aint 'fitten' to tend any other kind. So after all it is more in the far? mer than the farm. I don't know that there is such a great difference between farming and other occupations. The -farmers say they don't have a fair show? ing with merchants and manufacturers and lawyers and doctors, but I don't knov any class who are so independent as farmers of the Joe Bradley type. He has everything to make his family com? fortable, and he made it on the farm and still makes it. His family help him to make it. They all work and when he hires a darkey the darkey works. He makes him work. He is ashamed not to work, for everybody and everything on the place is alive and kicking. Joe will draw a bucket of water in half the time be used to. I believe that as many far? mers succeed as merchants or manufac? turers?in proportion to their numbers. The statistics prove . that fifty mer? chants out of a hundred fail. Thirty more just squeeze along and make it a support. Ten more get ahead and accu? mulate slowly and the other ten get rich. It is about the same way with manu? facturers. As for lawyers and doctors no? body knows until they are dead whether they are ahead or behind. But the average farmer don't break. He can't break. He can't even suspend. If the merchant who runs him can't get his advances he must run him again, and be hopeful of a better crop the next year. The farmer is too apt to compare his situation with the merchant's apparent- ease and comfort, but he doesn't know that the merchant has hank notes falling due every sixty days, and has to lap over and shindig around to keep up. He doesn't know the strain there is'to keep his family along with the upper crust. It won't do to pick out the exceptional cases like the Nobles Or Keely or Kiser or John Ryan, for thoso men would have made money raising cow peas in Sahara, or driving terrapins to the coast at half a mile a day. Why shouldn't the farmers be doing as well as they used to do ten years ago. . Cotton is a little lower, but it costs less"to make it. Corn is never less than fifty cents a bushel, and that is fifty per cent, higher than it is up North. Last year the Augusta Chronicle sent out circulars asking the most reliable far? mers what cotton cost to grow it. The replies were published and were very interesting and-very satisfactory. They were carefully made up from their actual experience, and the result was an average cost of six and a half cents a pound. So that gives a profit of ten dollars a bale with hired labor, but when a man with half a dozen children to help him, does his own work and raises bis own supplies, his cotton money in nearly all clear profit and can be added to his capital stock. There are three classes of farmers: -Those who own the land and cultivate it with borne or hired labor; those who are landlords only and rent their land to tenants, and those who are tenants only. Mr. Munford and C. M. Jones and Captain Lyon and Mr. Davis and Joe Bradley and Major W?oley ' and Mr. Milam are fair samples of the first-class, and they are all prosperous. They trade and traffic some outside of the farm but the farm is tbe mudsill, the foundation of their prosperity. Their farms are not for sale. On the contrary they buy more land, and I expect would like to own all that joins them. Men of their class are not complaining of depression. They are not as rich as they want to be, but their neighbors don't complain about that. I have tbe honor to belong to the second class. Since my boys have quit me for more ambitious things, I rent out my land and have only a general super? vision. The farm cost me six thousand dollars. My rents average four hundred dollars, which is about six per cent, aftei paying taxes. Besides this we have a comfortable home and plenty of cheap fuel, which may be put down at anothei hundred, and there are the fruits and vegetables and potatoes and chickens and ducks and spring lamb and fall mut ton and a fat pig now and then for r barbecue, and there is latitude and long? itude and springs and branches and a rDEKSON, S.C., TH1 creek to fish in and a mountain to hunt on and wild fruits and wild flowers all around, and all these ought to be put down at another hundred, and this makes up altogether about ten per cent, on the investment, which is as good as Georgia railroad stock, and less liable to change and the accidents of commerce. We have no conflict with labor, no perils of fire or thieves or robbers or defalca tors. Even General Sherman failed to destroy it, and where he dug his trenches is better land than ever. I wish I had control of him and his diggers for about a month?I would have my wholo farm subsoiled three feet deep. The third class are the tenants, the humble yoemanry of the land?the toilers and sweaters who are not working to get rich, but to make a living. They have no ambition for fame or fortune and are contented with their lot. Their fathers left them but little besides a good example of industry and honesty and patriotism and they will do the same by their children. They are generally good law-abiding citizens. When tbe over? seer of the road warns them to come and work the highway they shoulder a shovel and go and have a good time joking and laughing and playing marbles and swap? ping the neighborhood news. When the sheriff summons them to serve on the jury they take it afoot to town, and like patience on a monument, sit and listen to the lawyers quarrel and so earn their two dollars a day and are thankful. They have not settled it yet whether a level moon or a tilting one foreshadows rain, but certain it is, one or the other. They still believe that bolts kill horses and that a weak-eyed nag ought to be cut for the hooks. They are rough and strong and self-reliant. They never surrender to misfortune, but dare to love their country and hate the niggers and live poor. These men make no complaint about depression, but take life as it comes and are ready for the next war. Too many things are charged up to the farm that don't belong there. My farm does not support my family, but it is not the fault of the farm. One of my boys made a thousand dollars clear money on it in one year, and it was a poor year, but we spent it for him, and so he got discouraged and quit. A diligent man? aging young man with no dependents can take that farm and clear fifteen hun? dred dollars on it raising grain and bay and cattle and hogs. When an aspiring country family is trying to keep up with town ways, and social customs and falls behind in money and credit, the defalca? tion should not bo charged up to the farm. One of my nabors kept a team on the road to town every day and he wore out his buggies and harness every year, and it took half the farm made to keep up the team and the repairs, and pay the driver. One summer he bad lots of com? pany and when they began to come there were three or four hundred chickens in the backyard, but before tbe company left he was buying about twenty a day. But he is a shifty man, and manages to get along. A man can't run a free hotel, and a free livery stable on a hundred acre farm and save any money. He couldn't do it in tbe good old days when niggers was?aud he can't do it now, but I know a man who tries to. Bill Am?. The Farmer and Poultry. "Fannie Field," in Prairie Farmer, discourses on poultry and the farmer, as' follows: "Many poor fanners are reluctant to take poultry or eggs to market, because of a false pride. They regard the busi? ness of keeping fowls as out of their sphere and a kind of old woman's occupation, with which they cannot afford to meddle. At the same time, the thrifty wife may be making more clear profit on poultry, then the farmer makes from a small farm. There are thousands of such farmers in the northwest. It is no wonder that sometimes the wife gets the idea that John is slow, and not trying to pull his half of the load. He does not even lend encouragement to her efforts. He grum? bles about the food they consume, and takes no interest in building houses or coops. He even declares that poultry is a positive detriment, and points to tbe struggling garden a3 a proof, when the real cause of failure is, that the same piece of ground is planted year after year with no fertilizer. He never compli? ments his wife for tbe nice chickens or fresh eggs she Berves on the table, from her thrifty poultry department. False ideas about poultry are not possessed by all small farmers. There are many young men who have retained from their boy? hood experience an interest in the ways of egg production, and give hearty co? operation with the wife. They enter as heartily into planning and building a chicken house, aa for a horse stable or a hogpen. They feel a glow of pride when the economical wife takes enough eggs to town to pay for the groceries, or sells enough chickens in winter to pay for a much coveted sewing machine. One of their pleasures is to eulogize the good things presented on Lhe table from the poultry house. "The use of tools, and the construction of coops, nets, etc , have been so careful? ly excluded from the reduction of most woraerj, that efforts need to be supple? mented by those of the husband. While the selection of a suitable breed, if pure? bred fowls are desired, need not interest him so much as the selection of a breed of cattle for his barns; still the matter of breeds in poultry is worthy as great minds as his own. The plan of a per? manent poultry house, when the time comes to afford one, should command his wide-awake interest. How to make the poultry pay forn fence around the garden should bo of interest to all. Poultry books read aloud in the family circle, should be alike of interest to the wife and husband." ? There is au old shying in Georgia that if it rains on the first dog day it will rain ovcry day for forty days. Out of this a queer bet has been made by two Atlanta men. Forty dollars is the amount of the pot. Whenever it rains the man who bet on the rain takes ?1 Whenever lhe day is fair the other fellow lakes $1. So far the raiu man is way ahead. JESDAY MOENING REV. SAM JONES. An Interesting Analysis of Ills Wonderful Powers. I spent a pleasant Sunday in July at Lake View encampment and beard two very effective sermons preached by Sam Jones to an audience of 4000 people. In the forenoon his theme was the final judgment. Not often is an audience moved as was that one. In the evening he preached on the high calling of the Christian. A good many did not like his evening sermon because in it he ex? posed a great deal of the hypocrisy unconscious hypocrisy?that exists in the church. Some? too, resented his uncom? promising advocacy of prohibition. Re? ferring to the action of Sandusky City council in allowing intoxicants to be sold on Sunday, he exclaimed: "I would not reside twenty-four hours in a town where they deliberately passed a law abrogating one of God's laws. I would not rear my family in such a town. San? dusky, I understand, has deliberately set up to abrogate one of the enactments of Almighty God! And yet I understand, too that more than half of the voters of Sandusky are members of some Christian church. How do you account for that ?" Leaving to Sam's congregation and to as many readers of the Post as have a facility for it tbe accounting for the anomaly, let me set forth the replies I received to another question which I propounded to two or three intelligent and thoughtful men on the grounds that day. What is the secret of Sam Jones' eloquence? His bodily presence is weak. He has few or none of the graces and motions of the orator as he is set up by the nchools. He employs few, if any, of the devices of rhetoric. Yet thousands will come to hear Sam Jones to hundreds that would turn out to hear Rev. C. H. Payne, D. D. L. L. D, one of the orators of Methodism, president of the.Ohio Wesleyan univer? sity, and a promising candidate for Episcopal honors next May. This little, plain, homely Georgia circuit rider has the loadstone. Search him and find it. One man to wbom I put my question was a teacher, He thought the secret of Sam's attractive power lay in his fear? lessness, directness and earnestness. Another, a teacher, preacher, and editor, thought it lay in bis sincerity, earnest? ness, bravery and the accidental help of fame. For my own part I doubt that either of these explanations covers tbe whole case. What is tbe reason that of the one hundred or more preachers of tbe. Georgia conference of the M. E. church only this one?this short, dark, homely, black eyed, small-framed man?should become known the world over as one of the orators of the age? Why are the ninety and nine back there riding their bony ponies up and down tbe foot hills of the Blue Ridge range aa they pastor their big circuits, while Jones rides in palace cars from ocean to ocean, lives on the fat of the land, and calls out to hear him tbe people of a continent? I find the reason, first of all, in the fact that he has something new to say, whether you believe it or not, and that to hear it you must go and hear him, for he won't print it and send it to you. The other day, in conversation with Rev. Dr. Payne, he asked me why the papers give columns to baseball and only a line?or not even a line?to tbe gradu? ating exercises of Ohio Wesleyan uni? versity. ' "Surely," said he, "it is of more impor? tance to the.people of Ohio how hun? dreds of her sons and daughters go out of their long four-year-drill-camp into the great fight of life than how eighteen men knocked a stuffed ball around a pas? ture field for a couple of hours and then quit to do the same inconsequent thing the next day." "Yes, doctor," I replied, "but each game does something, and that some? thing is news. Each game reBults some? how, and that somehow, problematical till the close of the game, is news. You graduate a class every year for a hun? dred years, and after ail there is nothing new in it. If you would send your graduates up in balloons and let them deliver their orations hanging in midair from a trapeze bar and then come down in a parachute, we would report it. We would give you two columns in the Post precious as its space is. In the same, way, there is nothing else occurs on tbe earth so important to it as tbe sunrise. Now, if to morrow morning's were the first or the only sunrise, we would have reporters posted on every hill top of earth, and we would completely fill the papers with the report of it to the exclu? sion of everything else. The sunrise is no less important because the sun rises every day, but because the sun rises every day in the same old way, there is no news in it, and it does not get even a word. It is not the importance of a thing that determines its news value." So it is with Sam Jones' preaching. If he said what all other preachers say, and in the same way that they say it and had nothing new, he could not get a corporal's guard to come out to hear him. First, then, he says something new. But so will a fool or lunatic say some? thing new, yet he will not commiind attention. No one will go to hear him say it. Life is too short and luuatic folly is too wearisomely common. What Sam Jones Bays is not only now, it is also true. He is touched with the real heart of things, and impresses his hearers with the truthfulness of his utterances. Lo, here is a marvel! Come all men! Here i3 a man who speaks new things and yet they are true things. The mines of truth are not exhausted, as we bad dismally been supposing. No wonder we crowd to hear him. 2. Then his new things are true things. New true things interest and amuse and entertain, but they cannot greatly im? press one, if they only be new and true. Sam Jones, however not only tells new true things, but they are upon tbe most important themes. Life and death, heaven or hell, eternal success, everlast? ing failure; these are his themes. Everybody has a personal interest in the Bubject matter, and to hear something new and trim upon it is worth going many a mile. 3. Then his new true things are of , SEPTEMBEE 1, 181 weighty import and of omnipresent interest. 4. He "speaks one having authority, and not as the scribes." All cant ban? ished, all circumlocution banished, all concession to the audience banished, all fear of man banished, all insincerity ban? ished, all falsities of every kind dismiss? ed, he talks directly, fearlessly, earnestly, wittily, intensely, truthfully, boldly the message of God has given him. 5. Finally he has that solidity and in? ertia of a well-anchored spirit that ivilh stands the recoil of the truth be utters and gives it its effect upon the audience. I have seen preachers deeply moved by their preaching, when tbeirs was the only wot eye in the house, and tbey thought they were doing famously because they were moving themselves so mightily. The weight of the gun and the solidity of shoulder behind it has as much to do with the speed and the execution of the bullet as the powder. I think that summarizes, if I am right, the human elements of Sara Jones' suc? cess as an orator. Id bis sermon Sun? day morning he gave another, and extra human reason, reason for it. He was begging for his orphan asylum in Geor? gia. "The food, the clothing, the shelter of those boys and girls," said he, holding up his bands, "come through these fin? gers. I have long thought that one great reason why God has so prospered me in my work is because I am doing this part of His work and He wants it lo succeed." The same evening at tbe supper-table I asked him whether after preaching he felt any exhaustion other than that physical fatigue which comes from stand? ing on one's feet for an hour and the laborious using of one's voice for that time. "Oh, yes," be said "that is not the killing part. It is the nervous ex? haustion that tells. 1 think I have some better notion thau ever before of wbat Jesus meant when He said that He per? ceived that virtue bad gone out of Him." I remarked that I doubted that oil the preachers and public speakers felt that nervous prostration. "Ob, no," he replied. "There are some men who claim to be called to preach, and I won't dispute it, but I will say that if God ever called them to preach the gospel it was to keep 'em out of mischief." "Do you think," I asked, "that God has direct communication with your soul, and that He speaks to you, aside from His word, informing and directing you in what we would call immaterial mat? ter ?" "Why, certainly," replied Mr. Jones instantly; "if I did not believe that I would never pray." You may sum the whole matter up in this: Sam Jones is not that much-vaunt? ed product of the nineteenth century, a self-made man ; he is that inexpressibly career and more precious product of all the centuries, a God-made man, endowed with the power to speak the truth.? Theo, Kaiandri in Cincinnati Post. The First Telegram. Professor Morse found it hard to get the bill for tbe first magnetic telegraph through Congress. He thought it had failed, for at the evening session of March 3d, 1843, there wero 119 bills before it, and it seemed impossible for all to be acted upori before Congress ad? journed. The Professor left the Capicol with a sad heart, and prepared to leave for New York. While at breakfast a servant informed him that a young lady desired to see him in the parlor. There he met Miss Annie Ellsworth, then a young school girl?tbe daughter of his intimate friend, - Hon. Henry L. Ellsworth, the first Commis? sioner of Patents,?who said, as she ex? tended her hand to him : "I have come to congratulate you." "Upon what ?" inquired the Professor. "Upon the passage of your bill," sbe replied. "Impossible! Its fate was sealed at dusk last evening. You must be mis? taken." "Not at all," sbe responded. "Father sent me to tell you that your bill was passed. He remained until the session closed, and yours was passed just five minutes before the adjournment; and I am so glad to be the first one to tell you. Mother says, too, that you must come with me to breakfast." Tbe invitation was readily accepted, and the joy in the household was un? bounded. Both Mr. and Mrs. Ellsworth had fully believed in the project, and the former, in his confidence in it, and in his warm friendship for Professor Morse, had spent all the closing hours of the session in the State chamber, doing what he could to help the bill along, and giv? ing it all the influence of his high per? sonal and official position. Grasping the hand of his young friend, tbe Professor thanked her again and again for beariug him such pleasant tidings, and assured her that she could send tbe first message as her reward. The matter was talked over in the family, and Mrs. Ellsworth suggested a message, which Professor Morse referred to the daughter for approval; and this was tbe one which was subseqently sent. A little more than a 3 ear after that time, the line between Washington and Baltimore was completed. Professor Morse was in the former city, and Mr. Vail, his assistant, in the latter; the first in the chamber of Supreme Court, the last in the Mount Clare Depot, when, the circuit being perfect, Professor Morse sent to Miss Ellsworth for her message and it came. "WHAT HATH GOD WROUGHT V It was sent in triplicate in the dot and line language of the instrument to Balti? more, and was the first message ever transmitted by a recording telegraph. ? Some lime ago the body of a white man was found hanging from a rafter in the school house of Smith's district, in Gwinnctt County, Ga. The neighbors said it was a case of suicide, took the body down, quietly buried it, and" made no inquiry as to the man's identity. Now comes the news that the man was really lynched; that he was suspected of being a revenue informer, and wandering into a district where there were four illicit stills in operation, the moonshiners made Bhori work of him. 37. The Dciul Mormon Chief. The career of John Taylor, the succes? sor to Brigham Young, who died recently was almost as romantic as the creation of novelist. He was succssively English? man, Canadian and American; Methodist Progressionist and Mormon; laborer, preacher and editor; martyr and fugi? tive ; apostle and president; then a fugi? tive again, and finally died a martyr, if we accept as true the Mormon statement that his last sickness was due to the close confinement made necessary to escape the vigilance of United States marshals. He carried Illinois lead in his body forty three jears, and his life was saved by the accident of a bullet striking his watch, but for which the leaden messenger of death would have passed through him near the heart. And yet be lived to be 79 years old, lacking but three months; and during thirty years lived in peace, wealth and local honor of Utah. John Taylor was born November 1, 1808, in Milnthorp, Westmoreland coun? ty, England, where he wfis reared a Dis? senter and in early life became a Methodist. In 1832 he emigrated to Canada, and was soon in the midst, of that wonderful religious ferment which swept over America, especially the western sections, during that era. It was the age of reli? gious debates, of which the Bice-Camp? bell and Campbell Purcell discusions, with many other, are the permanent remains in our literature,. Ohio was the great battle ground of new sects, and thence missionaries went to Canada, by one of whom Taylor was a second time converted, becomiug a radical Wesleyan or Progressist. In 1836 he became a Mormon, "gathering with the saints" at Kirtiand, Ohio, in 1837. About that time however, the Mormon bank broke, the "Kirtiand Safety Society," money fell to six cents on the dollar, and then to nothing; creditors seized the goods of the Kirtiand store; indictments issued against some of the saints for swindling and others for counterfeiting, and the leaders fled to Missouri. The sails alrea? dy numbered some 12,000 in the north? western part of that State; war between them and the Gentiles broke out, and late in 1838 tbe whole Mormon popula? tion was expelled with much cruelly. They settled about Natlvoo, in Hancock county, Illinois, and prospered greatly until 1842-3, when trouble again arose with the non-Mormons. All this time Taylor was working hard for the sect, and rising in rank as well as accumulat? ing property. He wss now an apostle ("one of tbe quorum of twelve," as the phrase is). In 1S43 the doctrine of "plural mar? riage" was quietly taught to the trusted ones, and the leading saints looks unto themselvs extra wives. Early the next year a few men seceded from the church and established the Expositor, a newspa? per in Nauvoo, to oppose the new doctrine but they only issued one number. The prophet Joseph Smith promptly convened the city council, bad the paper declared a nuisauce and, with Li-- devoted "gang," at once destroyed tbe press, scattered the type and burned all the copies they could get, Tbe editors fled to Carthage, the county seat, and procured warrants for the prophet and Hyrum (so spelled by Mormons), bis brother; the saints in turn fortified Nauvoo, and bade defiance to the county officials. Tbe governor of Illinois persuaded tbem to surrender on a pledge of protection, but they were soon taken out of his bands on a new charge, that of treason. Joseph and Hyrum Smith were placed in the Carthage jail treason not being bailable, and Willard Richards and John Taylor went with them for company. On the afternoon of June 27, 1844, a mob stormed the jail, killed both the Smiths and shot Taylor with four balls. Three entered his body, two of them remaining there for tbe rest of his life; but the fourth ball struck a heavy, old fashioned English watch be wore, stopping the hands at 5 :16 P. M., which is marked among the saints as the "solemn hour of tbe prophet's death." Taylor recovered after a long illness, and fled with the saints when they were driven from Illinois in 1846. In 1847 he yield? ed his claims and joined the Pratts and others in making Brigham Young presi? dent of the church. For the next ten years Taylor was a missionary to various countries. He bad the "Book of Mormon" translated into French, and established L' EtoUle [The Star), a Mormon paper, in France. In common with other missionaries, he bit? terly denied the charge that polygamy was a Mormon practice. In France he took solemn oath to that effect, and at a public debate with three English minis? ters he vehemently denied that a Mormon could have more than one wife, though he had three himself at that time. All the Mormon missionaries continued this system of perjury till the public avowal of the doctrine at Salb Lake City in Sep? tember, 1825, and the publication of the alleged revelation of July 12," 1843, first published in England in April, 1853. Taylor then returned to the United States and established the Mormon in New York city in 1854, but the Mormon war of 1857 broke up all the American mis? sions, and thereafter, Taylor resided in Salt Lake City. When-Brigham Young died, in 1877, Taylor was president of the Twelve Apostles, and that body ruled till 1880, when the first presidency was reor? ganized anew and Taylor chosed to all the titles and boners of the dead prophet. He was, however, far more timid and conservation than Young, And made a few feeble efforts to harmonize the church with modern civilization. When the Edmunds law of 1882 was enacted he vehemently charged the people, as they valued their souls, never to obey it, never to give up polygamy; but promptly de? clared that he did not intend to be a martyr, and he took himself to a safe hiding place, where he remained till death. ? An immense crowd of United States witnesses and defendants were attending a service conducted by the salvation army in Greenville. The captain said "this time we are going to place a man at the door, and are not going to let you out 'till we collect a dollar." Tbe crowd understood that each man had to pay a dollar, and there was an irresistible stampede for fresh air.?Pickena Sentinel, VOLUM An Outside Yiew of Charleston Influ? ences. In all business, trades, merchandise, banking, &c, we look around for the best, most available man, intellectually, to fill all places, of importance and trust. Men in whom we can place implicit con? fidence as to their integrity, honesty and willingness, as shown by their actions in doing the best they can under the cir? cumstances for the 'interests, or to advance the interests of the individuals, associations or the enterprise for which ihey have been chosen. In banks, if an officer shows that his integrity and ability is equal to the posi? tion into which his fellow-men have placed hirn, is be readily moved to make place for another favorite? Or is he retained as long as his efficiency redounds to the good of that bank? * * * * * Now if this is applicable to banks and other enterprises, why do we of Fairfield not apply the same reasoning in our po? litical selection of men for our General I Assembly? If it holds good in private enterprises, why will it not do in the selection of our legislators and Senators, in whom we as a people are so closely allied ? Their actions in our legislative halls affect each one of us directly. Without a doubt all measures coming before that body is or ought to be for the good of counties separately and the State at large generally. I say each county separately, meaning that a law which work good in Charleston would do evil in the upper counties. So in selecting men to represent us in the Legislature, do you not see that we should take the bestand most available men we have? When we have done that, and find out by their actions in the law-making body of our State that they are of a high tone of duty, not only to their'constituents at home, but to the State as a whole, would it be a wise policy to change them, or either of them, at the next general elec? tion which follows? ?y substituting Mr. B., who has never sat iu the legisla? ture, and certainly will be s mere figure? head for the first term (so other intelli? gent statesmen have proclaimed), for Mr. A.,'who has served one or two terms, and thereby gotten into the manner that the schemes are worked before that body. Schemes?yes, many?and if not met by men who can complete by having a knowledge of the manner in which things or measures are passed, why the bill, never mind what its nature, can never be defeated by "new men" alone. Why have three counties in South Carolina such a wielding influence in our Legislature as they bave? Is it because they change their Bepresenta tives and Senators every term ? No, sir; they keep their Brawley, Simmons, Smythe, Murray and such other men there. Why? Because they are intelli-. gent, trustworthy gentlemen, wbo look closely after the welfare of their constitu? ents, and by being kept there session after session bave become informed in govern? mental affairs to such an extent that they can snuff danger to their respective counties in any measure brought up apparently for the good of all. Now form a committee of the House of nine members, three of them old mem? bers, five of them new, the chairman, of* course, an old member, then suppose a bill to be before that committee, on the one side of which an argument is made by a railroad magnate ; be, of course, is a very shrewd, cunning gentleman; he certainly has his plans, drafts, &c, inge? niously prepared to gain the ear of the committee; moreover, be will spare no pains, not even if he has to secure the assistance of officials in the building, to work on the members of that committee so as to gain his point by carrying a ma? jority of the votes in his favor. Under such circumstances how will new men stand, inexperienced as they are, in com? parison with the older members? Could they detect an effort of the shrewd rail? road man intrying to get their vote, simply because it would cause the railroad to spend a few thousand dollars in constructing a draw-bridge across^a stream so as to enable steamboats to ascend or descend it, carrying freights from one point to another, thereby bene? fiting the poor farmer to a greater extent than damaging the railroad in the change made? 1 bave been informed that such an affair has taken place before one of our Legislatures of not so long ago, and but for the old members and the chairman the shrew railroad magnate would have gained his point, and the cheapening of freights by a water traffic to the city would have been defeated ? Communication to the Winnsboro' News and Herald. Brought, Disease and Death. Chicago, Aug. 24.?A Bpecial from Hinton, VV. Va., says: Information re? ceived here from McDowell County is to the effect that a dreadful state of affairs exists in that portion of the State and Southwestern Virginia. Tbe drought has made tbe water very low, and a peculiar disease, wbich has several times previously followed this condition and which is supposed to be tbe result of minerals in the water, has broken out. In tbe Dead Horse Cave neighborhood there are over 100 cases with thirty deaths. Not a family has escaped. Crops arc neglected and farm work is at j a standstill, it requiring the entire time of every individual able to labor to care for tbe sick and dead. It is estimated that 200 people have died in McDowell County alone tbe last four weeks from the disease. A Fatal Stroke. Iu Aiken County, on the afternoon of tbe 14th inst., Mrs, Allen Pool, Mrs. James Harley and Mrs. Uri Noble and their children were on their way from Mr. Allen Pool's to Hiram Pool's, when a stroke of lightning struck in the midst of them, killing Mrs. Noble instantly, and seriously injuring Mrs. Pool. Four children were slightly hurt. Mrs. Noble bad her baby in her arms when she was killed, but it was not hurt to any extent. The accident happened on Mr. G. W. Buzbee's plantation in Hopewell Town? ship.? Journal and Revieio. ? It is the mother who moulds thb character and fixes the destiny of the child. E XXIII.--NO. 8. 3 m Articles Hint Vanish. Much might be said about needles, which we go on buying as long as we live, yet who ever heard of-any one dying "seized," as the lawyers call it, of any inordinate quantity? Children co not, as a rule, inherit vast accumulations in this way, but buy for themselves; arid what in wonder's name becomes of them, for who does not know that the number we lose is out of all proportion to tlae number we break? Yet it is difficult to keep a needle book full, but for this pos? sibly other reasons may be found. Brooches and trinkets and euch snull gear may, presumably, when lost or raid? ing, pass from hand to hand until they are worn out, or broken, or useless. Gold ornaments may be melted and xe melted,- but precious stones suffer no change; their number should be con? stantly augmenting, and one would think by this time they would be as plentiful as pebbles. But it is not so. Some of us may indeed have enough, but w!io?~ * ever confessed to owning too maty? Most people have none. Every year they are dug out of the mine, or otherwise discovered. The merchants are always buying them in immense quantities They-have been trafficked in ever since the world bej ;an, and still the greater number of mankind die without owning so much as ono of them. Innumerable must they, by this time, be; but to how many people do not the shop windows limit all they kaow of precious stones. There is no end to the demand ; no end it would seem to the supply.- It has always been so, and the invention of ma? chinery has made it so. A large number of things in use are, as we have said, practically indestructible; fresh material is always being used, and yet when) are the things no longer in use?the potiand pans, the cups and saucers, the toys of our childhood, tbe pins and needles of our riper years. "This way," we begin to think, "madness lies." At Borne, be? yond the gates, is a hill 150 feet in height; it is said to be composed entirely of broken crocks and earthenware; yet modern times have not added to its ac? cumulated stores. ?:V< Dissatisfied Emigrants. Atlanta, Aug. 23.?Yesterday after? noon a Constitution reporter met. a group of colored men, women and children near, tbe car shed. They constitute a - part of a gang of emigrants thaOefL-^'j Fairfield and Laurens Counties, S. C, about eight months since to try their luck in Arkansas. Alex Darby and John Lykes, the leaders of the party, talked freely about their experience. Said .'; Darby: "We went West with th<) idea " that we would better our condition. I was promised two dollars a day to do railroad work. When I got to Little , Bock I found that I would get only one dollar a day. I soon found that things were much higher in Arkansas than in ' South Carolina, and the folks much meaner. The immigrant agent thai; made such rash promises to us-didn't ' keep his promises. We found that the situation was gloomier than tbe one wo left behind us. and I got some of my old, friends together and induced them to re? turn to their home in. old South Caroli- > na." Darby went on to tell about the hardships to which his.party had been S subjected, and told about a disease which had decimated their ranks. He is heart ly sick of the West, and declares that for the remainder of his life be will be satis- . ?ed to dwell in South Carolina, where he : was born and raised. Many others who went to Arkansas are anxiouii to. get ; back, Darby says, but they haven't the * means. He believes that the exodus of negroes westward will not again assume large proportions. Not a Boiling Stone. A Washington correspondent writes^ Although President Cleveland iias trav- [ eled far less than most men who have - reached his years, and have had hia ex? perience in public affairs, he promises to make a good record as a tourist before ? this year is over. When he w/is elected president he bad never been further West than Cleveland, Ohio,-and the visit | to that city was. made when he was a young man. He had visited Washington on business for a day some ten years ago, but he had never been in New England. He was not fond of travel, and his buai ness did not give him many opportunities to do so had he so desired. But if his present plans are consummated he will, before Cougress meets again, have visited the Canadian boundary and the far South; will have traveled the greater part of the Mississippi valley from St;^ Paul to St. Louis, and visited most of the large cities of the west. Tbe president has noticed that it is ' with expressions of commendation that " the press generally has commented on the short trips he has already taken away from Washington and that, his proposed long trip this fall meets with general ap? proval. No one of his predecessors ever had such urgent and impressively deliv-: ' ered invitations from so mary communi? ties as he, and these have brought out the fact, which he has wkh no little;^ pleasure observed, that then; will be no ^ disposition to criticise his trips as junk* '$?? eting tours. It is his intenlion, or hope, to visit the Pacific slope ne:ct year. A Peculiar Fogery. Ocala, Fla., August 17.?T. D. C. Prentiss, aged twenty-four, married Mrs.^, C. E. Butt, aged seventy-four, widow of a prominent physician and worth nearly ? $300,000, a few months ago,- The mer? riage was the subject of gossip all over tbe State then and is likely to be again.' A few days ago the aged wife deeded. twenty acres of land to heir husband as a - conservator of the citato, and E. W. Agnew, a capitalist and bf nker, was one ' I of the signers of the deed as executor.- -f Yesterday Prentiss presented the deed to be recorded. Agnew happened to be in the clerk's room, and in glancing over the document saw that Prentiss had made it cover all his wife's valuahle real._ estate in the town and county, worth" over ?100,000. The rc?rding of the^~ document was prevented, by him, and after a rough and-tumble fight Agnew had Prentiss arrested oi a charge of forgery; He has not Be?tired-bail as yet.