University of South Carolina Libraries
BY E. B. MUBKAS J. G. CLIJfrKSCALES, Editob. ?ONTEAGLE A5D ?0MT EAGLE. There is.on oar table, a communication from Rev. R. _ J. M. Only, which he V wrote for publication, but afterward re? quested* should r>ot be printed. It is in v reply to the article written by Prof. Goodloe, which appeared in the issue of Jaly.j25thv. . gSSk Rev. Mr. Only states that the east wing of the hotel was built and opened as the property of Mrs. M. E. Mabee, and was named by her husband, Mr. 0. D. Mabee, "Mont Eagle Hotel," for a ~-JiDjel on thS-'&'&tffede 'of;'and about haJj^Tm^e below, Niagara Tails, which ;was BAmed for Eagle Bluff, or Eagle '.Mountain^ on the opposite side. Mr. Mabee vikited that hotel and retained such pleasant memories of it that he named.the ho\el here, Mont Eagle Hotel. ?'fter Mr. Mloffat bought the hotel, he wanted a ?ign\ painted thus: "Mont (here a large eagle) Hotel," but this was postponed. In 1880, after Capt. Steger had' :bought Cfol. Moffat's interest, the name of the vi/llage was changed from Moffat, as was the post office, to Mont Eagle. By reference to the hotel register of 1881-3 and! to the U. S. Postal Guide, yon will see/that the name is two words. When the/Assembly asked for a charter, fihsy^^dlbpted the name Monteagle (one ^~ word)^and, therefore, the Assembly's namt fsfMoatea^l?, .located at Mont \.E^$>Vj' The above paragraphs clipped from the Monteaglean, a seat little eight-page journal published at Monteagle, will re? lieve me of discusdog- the origin of the word Monteagle, that question which is frequently raised when the word is' called. *u- . ^ . v - r - It |aa^beei^ouf ciesire fgc several years now to visit Monteagle, not so much for ? the'purpose of being on the mountain as for attending the Monteagle Assembly, . the great Southern Chattauqua. About ten days ago our dream was' realized. We were so fortunate as to have a friend ; -propose to pay-our expenses if we would mate a visit to that celebrated resort for seekers after knowledge. Advised by oor-physiciana at-theVsame time to-eftek a difMent^c?mate fur.the building-op of our ??e^eDergies, iwe. accepted the of our friend, and, in a few days, found ourselves three thousand feet above ther sea level. We would not attempt ? description of,the scenery we enjoyed so much as wo a'ScfD^rlr-Monteagle. 'Leaving the ] plainf a$fowan,\a ImpVlest little village' on the Chattanooga and Nashville Bail road, we wound slowly ?reand the moun? tain a distance of-eight- miles before' we reached the bro?.d plateau on its summit. / Having reached, the plateau,, the- tjcaiu ran eight miles furtheron as leveli un broken land as lies around this city. Monteagle is a lovely little . village, -about the center of the plateau. . Before reaching it, however, we passed Sewaoee, . a little village where is located one. of the finest Episcopal Male Colleges in the South. A little distance beyond Monteagle is a high grade female college alsb Udder the management of the Epis copal' denomination. In our opinion then,'the mountain Mountesgle would . better be named the Mountain of Schools. The very atmosphere, charmingly cool bnahotisumr^^day,,seems to be im? pregnated* with a spirit of culture and refinement. Hundreds of people go there for the benefit of the summer school and Hundreds go for rest and re? creation and the bracing atmosphere they find. The hotel, situated near the railroad and outside ' the Assembly grounds proper, is crowded all the time by persons wbo care'not so much for the wort: of the Assembly as for a resting place that is free from the bustle of the city and at the same time affords such pure, untainted, health giving atmos? phere Hundreds of others find lodging and food on the Assembly grounds where they are conveniently situated to hear every lecture delivered in the amphithe? atre and every discussion in the Bound TablerrBpom, or Hall of Philosophy. One can Ike there almost as cheaply or as'expensively as his tastes and financial status dictate or demand. By renting a room on the grounds and taking meals at a restaurant, he may live there' for a month at very little cost. Many do this while others, more able and more fastid? ious in taste, prefer the hotel at $3 per day. . Tho work of the Monteagle Assembly i* carried*on'during the summer months . in strict accordance with a well arranged, published programme. The best speak . era and most noted educators North aud South, lecture there_during the session. It was"-not bur privilege--to remain at Monteagle many days, but the first even? ing after our arrival, it was our privilege to hear a lecture on "Luck and Pluck," that famous lecture already delivered several times in the South by Dr. Laf forty of Richmond, Virginia. We had heard the same lecture a year ago, but ? its terseness and richness were as attract? ive to us as when we first heard it. Tho strong, striking jruths were presented in Dr. Lafferty's own inimitable style which never fails to amuse, entertain and in? struct. Dr. Lafferty spoke more than an hour, but was neverthless encored, show? ing the unmistakable impression that had been made, by the address. During our. stay there, the morning lecture hours were 'filled up by Frank Beard, the celebrated caricaturist of Syracuse, N. Y. Frank Beard is - a genius. His Chalk Talks are just grand, and can only bo appreciated by one who sees and.hears him. By chalk talks is meant simply this: when lecturing either children or grown people, Beard has sr black board on the platform by him, and by a dexterous use of the chalk and board illustrates every point he makes in his lecture. He can draw a boy on the board almost as quick as I could frame and utter a sentence about a boy. His pictures talk themselves. Sometimes before his picture is complete the audi? ence catches the idea to be conveyed and cheers vociferously. We have never seen the use/of a.black-board so'strikingly aa was done- by Frank ST & CO. [ Beard in -his chalk talks, as they were called. Beard is a universal favorite among the children. They all love him and are glad when' his hour comes. Several distinguished speakers, among them the Hon; Mr. Carlisle of Kentucky, were expected to lecture there during the latter part of this month. Of those who had already spoken up to the time we were there, there were none who pro? duced a finer impression for scholarly attainments and breadth of thought than Drs. Carlisle, of Spar tan burg, and Girar deau, of Columbia. We were proud that South Carolina was represented in that assembly of scholars by two such dis tioguished citizens. How Mosby Made Use or the Spy. A dispatch from St. Louis to the New York Sun says: Mr. John W. Munsoo,' of this city, who was with Colonel Mosby during the'war, tells some interesting facts about Pardaw Warsley, the Union spy of the Sheuandoah, who died at Jamestown, N. Y., on last Wednesday. Mr. Munson says: "I was riding with Colonel Mosby one day in 1864 on a scouting trip, when one of our men rode up and informed the Colonel that r. Yan? kee peddler had just driven into Middle burg, Va., with a wagon load of goods. We met old Warsley, as he told us his name was; a few hours after, sitting in bis wagon with his wife by his side. Mosby asked him a few questions and got very straightforward answers, and, with no more delay, said to him: "Now, Warsley, let's understand each other from the start. You are a Yankee spy sent up bere to try to catch me' or my men, but we have been catching antlers too long to be caught by as poor a specimen as you. I want to make use of you, and, as I-in tend,.you shall make money by it. I am not afraid to trust you. I want you to do the shopping for tmy command*. K\V"e will gi*e you ? orders, to fill in Baltimore and Washingtotj, and* you bring us the goods and make your big profits on them and I will protect you. If any of .my meu harm ypu I.will punish them. You can carry this on just as long as you choose, for you have only to. report to your-mastiers in Wash? ington, after you return there from each trip after me, that you have not quite caught me yet, but you hope to do so the next'time. I'll give my men notice that they can begin making up their orders ?for you at once. Recollect,l?odH object, to your1 taking baclf all* the infoTmrtlion you choose, nor to your trying to catch me or the men. If it amuses you it don't hurt us. All I require of you for the protection, I grant you. instead of haying you (Boot, is that you fill .our 'orders promptly. What do you say ? - "Old Warsley was too smart a trader .not to see that thi3 was a grand chance for him, aod lie not only accepted the colo? nel's'offer/ but lived up-to it honestly, and made jden ty of money by it. At the first meeting with him I gave him an order for "eight yards of gray corduroy, with trimmings, buttons, lining, etc., for a Dobby suit, also for a soft hat, with gold cord and ostrich plume, also a pair of fine.caY.alry. boots, and lastly, for the handsomest doll baby he could find in Baltimore. Colonel Mosby ordered,a. sack of coffee and some * other goods. Warsley went back loaded with orders, \ .and in due time he came back with every order filled. He charged me $4 a yard for the corduroy, $10 forHbe hat, $15 for the boots and ir 20 for the doll baby, but he paid me $2 a pound for a big box of chewing tobacco. He not only, filj^ orders for Mosby 'a -men, but for-citizen! generally, bnying any articles order^.' We looked upon him as a godsend, and never thought of being suspicious'of him. We knew our man too well. Had the authorities in Washington, who employed him, not GOCH through his little game and pnt a stop to it he might Have kept up his peddling to the end of the war. Einally, when he was 'found our by hiB employers he informed on some Balti? more merchants who had Bold him some goods, knowing they were to go South, and bad them arrested. This is the only thing we bad against him. Colonel Mosby never tried to catch him, for Warsley admitted very frankly who he was as soon as he heard Colonel Moshy's favorable proposition. Nor did the Colonel ever set any handsome young, lady to spy upon him, and Warsley never led any handsome young lady through swamps and by-r?ads, for his Union passess and Mosby'* protection made travelling along the main turnpike much handier. Mosby never put a pistol to Warsley's head; never threatened to shoot him ; never jj fought duel ."with General Lee's nephew about him, and never became his warm friend." ? Five persons escaped from the Ches? terfield jail last week, three white and two colored. "One of tbVp~?rtrw,"Joseph W. Riley, worked awhile on Mr. Tatum'a Hamer place, superintended by Mr. Jasper Easterling. He is charged with using counterfeit money nt Cheraw. The # sheriff offers a reward of twenty dollars for his capture. On Monday evening Messrs. Ruker and Ssveatt, who broke jail at Chesterfield on Sunday night, 31st ult., went back and delivered themselves up to the sheriff, saying that they were afraid they would be captured and the sheriff would lose the reward be bad offered for them. They brought the sheriff a basket of grapes. ?' ? A large meeting of white and col? ored citizens was held in Boston Wednes? day to protest against the enactment of the bill recently passed by the Georgia, house of representatives prohibiting the mingling of white and black pupils in the same school. Addresses were deliv? ered by the Rev. Dr. Wood worthy, true tee of the Atlanta university against which it is said the bill is principally aimed, and E. C. Carrigan, of the State board of education. Resolutions were adopted declaring the bill unconstitu? tional and likely to call down the judg? ment of Heaven upon the heads of the people of Georgia. ? During the severe storm at Saleski, Ohio, in the Hocking Valley Thursday night two sisters named McMasters were struck by lightning while removing clothes from a wire lino. The youngest girl was instantly killed and the other rendered unconscious from the shock. I i - a: The Dying World. A general view of the animal life of the globe, from the standpoint of the evolutionist, was presented in the Sunday News, last Sunday, under tbe image of ''a tree which has its root and trunk in the ' remote past and Its outward (twigs j and branches in our day; which has at? tained its growth, and whose history in the far future must be marked by a slow decline, if indeed that decline is not al? ready in progress." Mr. John Burroughs, tbe entertaining writer who presents to us this striking conception, tells us of this tree, which he calls the "Biologist's tree of life," that not only its root and trunk, but its .main branches are hidden in tbe obscu? rity of the prehistoric ages, the record not having been found and' being proba? bly beyond; the reach, of discovery. It was mentioned by him, however, that some naturalists believe that life began in the Arctic regions, and this theory is presented to us at length, and is argued with much plausibility, by Mr. G. Hilton Scribner, in a little volume entitled: M.Where did Life Begin," published by Charles Scribner's Sons, New York. It is not practicable to give a full syn? opsis of Mr. Scribner's argument within reasonable limits in a newspaper, but a sketch of its most striking points will show its drift, and will be found to sup - port very strongly his conclusion that life originated at the poles and thence spread over the globe. Starting out with the assumption, generally conceded by stu? dents of cosmogony, that the earth was at ote-time an- intensely hot globe?in? deed? a molten mass?and that" in* the lapse of time it has cooled down by radiation to its present temperature, Mr. Scribner easily reaches the following patent conclusions :? ; I Firat; That life commenced on those parts of the earth which were first pre? pared to maintain it ,* at'any irate, tbat it never could have commenced elsewhere. Second. As the whole earth was at one time too hot to maintain life, so those parts which cooled first were probably first prepared to maintain life. Third. That those parts which received the least beat from the sun, and which radiated heat most rapidly into space, in proportion to mass, and bad the thinnest mass to cool, cooled first. . Fourth. That those parts of the earth's surface, and those only, answering to these conditions, are the Arctic and Ant* arctic zones. Fifth. That as these zones were at one time too hot, and certain parts thereof are now too cold, for such life as inhabits the warmer parts of the earth, these now colder parts, in passing from the extreme of heat to the extreme of cold, must have passed slowly through temperatures ex? actly suited to all plants and all animals which now live, or ever lived, on the earth. Sixth. If the concurrent conditions which have usually followed lowering temperature followed the climatic changes in this cane, life did commence on the earth within one or both of certain'zones surrounding the poles, and sufficiently removed therefrom to receive the least amount of sunlight necessary for vegeta? ble and animal life. It is also obvious in the light of these considerations that those parts of tbe earth which first became cool enough to maintain life had, at that time, a climate warmer than tbat which we now call tor? rid, and that, when the Arctic zones cooled from & tropical to a' .temperate climate, the now temperate zones had cooled to a torrid climate and.tbe present eqc?tbrial belt was still too hot for 'any form of life. Thus the lowering of tem? perature, climatic change, and tbe animal and vfcgetabje life-' Wllich then' appeared in the polar zones have crept thence j slowly along, "pari passu," from the polar regions to the equator, which now has the climate tbat was first found at the poles, while the polar zone has; be? come too cold to maintain life. The idea is thus presented in its complete form, of life necessarily beginning near the poles, of being modified by slowly changing conditions of temperature, and as slowly but certainly driven towards the equator by tbe shifting of the warm belt, broadly speaking, and the increasing cold behind it. The evidences of this process of transi? tion are carefully stated by Mr. Scribuer, in a series of most interesting chapters, but cannot be repeated here. The main proposition is that the dispersion would necessarily take place from the common polar centres, and in all possible direc? tions ; that the configuration of the con? tinents?with their great mountain ranges running north and south?and the inter? position of the seas, would confine the direction of progress to north and south lines ; and that the known distribution of plants and animals is in accordance with this theory. The evidences of for? mer tropical life throughout the temper? ate zone, and within tbe borders of the Arctic zone, are numerous and indisputa? ble./ The theories that have been ad? vanced to account for their presence, such as tbe shifting of the earth's axis, the elevation and subsidence of the earth's crust, ocean currents and the like, are rejected as forced and unnecessary in the light of the more natural and probable which is supported by conditions and changes with which we are familiar and tbat are still in operation. The basis of Mr. Scribner's whole the? ory, it has thus been shown, is the very reasonable one tbat as heat within certain degrees, is the proximate cause of all life and activity on the earth, animal and vegetable life have originated within the first favorable zone and have moved with it. As cold dispersed tbe plants and animals from the polar regions, so it has Bet up an impassable barrier against their return. And not only is this true ; the barriers are slowly extending from the poles and contracting the area of the inhabitable belt of the earth. The world is growing colder, age by age, and our own age gives plain indications of the end. The Arctic zone, "which was ear? liest in cooling down to the first and highest degree in the great-J" 0amut," was also first to bee -ertile, first to bear life, and first to Bend forth her pro? geny over the earth. So, too, in obedi? ence to the universal order of things, she was first to reach maturity, first to pass NDEKSON, S. TH all the sub-division 3 of life-bearing cli? mate, and finally the lowest degree in tbe great life range, and the first to reach sterility, old age, degeneration and death. Our next neighbor, the moon, shows the final stage of the process; Though still receiving its full proportion of sun-heat, it has already become cold and lifeless. The earth is dying likewise?by inches and ages, it is true, but still dying. Tbe once torrid poles are now frigid. The once flaming tropics now support life in its- greatest luxuriance. Tbe chill is slowly creeping onward from parallel to parallel, driving all living things before it and leaving death behind. Some time in the dim future the spreading cold of the North pole and of the South pole will meet at the equator. And then! "Wrapped in her snowy winding sheet" the once fair mother of us all will rest in an ice-bound and everlasting sepulchre, with all her children clasped close to her frozen and pulseless bosom.? Charleston Sunday News. The Tides and the Cause Thereof. Sullivan's Island, August 8, 1887. ?Nothing was said in last week's letter of the sand that covers "The Island" to a considerable depth. During the high winds which prevailed for Beveral days just past the saud was shifted from place to place?here and there were mounds on a level with the fence, and some doors were approachable only on descending a steep bank of soft white sand. The street cars were frequently delayed by the track being covered, and if they pass? ed on time down "The Island" toward the boat-landing it was no guaranty that they could return a half hour later and not find .the road impassable by reason of the quickly changing sand. Eyes, ears, mouth were generously treated if one ventured to walk abroad, and housekeep? ers complained that in spite of well covered pots, and great care in cookiog, the food would be gritty even after all efforts to prevent it. Wooden side-walks facilitate pedestiianism, otherwise one would of necessity be confined to the beach at low water in order to enjoy that exercise?which is made doubly pleasant here by reason of the fine ocean view and the delicious breezes. (We except those days when the wiud must have reached the velocity of a gale.) Lest some of your younger readers should not under? stand tbe philosophy of the sea breeze, we would write a word of explanation. The land receives and loses its heat more rapidly than the ocean, hence during the day as the sun shines on both, the land atmosphere becomes lighter than that of the ocean, and, being so, rises, while the cooler air of the ocean rashes in to sup? ply the vacuum. This is our sea breeze. At night a change occurs, The ocean, losing its heat less rapidly than the land, is warmer than tbe continents, and its atmosphere now rises, while that of the land moves seaward to supply tbe defi? ciency, thus creating a breeze from the laud toward the ocean. This little island of ours, however, is too small to demon? strate the truth of these statements. Now if you feel a wind blowing during tbe day and you know it does not come from the direction of the sea, do not dis? pute this philosophy, for there are many causes which deflect the wind from this regular course?mountain ranges, the ro? tation of the earth on its axis, and others. Possibly there are some among your youthful readers unacquainted with the theory of the tides. A few words will, at any rate, open the subject to them. As said last week the tide rises and ebbs twice every twenty four hours, coming in for six hours and flowing out as long. We call the moon the satellite of the earth. In its revolution about us it ex? erts an attraction upon the earth across a distance of 240,000 miles. Water being mobile yields to this attraction, and rises toward the moon, following it, as it were. The land, a stubborn solid, resists this influence, except the small fraction that is felt throughout the whole sphere. Now as the water rises in obedience to the behest of tbe moon it moves in great swells across tbe bosom of the ocean, fol? lowing the controlling power. In mid ocean these swells are scarcely percepti? ble, but when they meet the coasts of the continents they break upon tbe shore, climbing higher and higher upon the beaches for six hours. During the next few hours the moon's influence is exerted upon the. continent adjacent, and the tide is left to ebb, or flow out. Our satellite is now upon the opposite side of the earth?twelve hours after our high tide ?and while it there raises a tide by direct attraction we have our second tide of the twenty-four hours by reason of the earth "being drawn away, as it were, from our ocean, and our waters are left in a manner piled up, and roll in upon our beaches. For tbe sake of simplicity we said just now that twelve hours after our high tide tbe moon was on the opposite side of the earth, but in reality, it is in advance of that position, for though the waters of the sea yield to the moon's at? traction they do not so immediately, but only at an interval of a few hours after the moon has passed above them. Let the interested student seek an explana? tion of the fact that the tide comes in nearly fifty minutes later on every suc? ceeding day. Yes, the moon rises later each night by the same time, but why ? If tbe shore of the continent be smooth and gradually shelving, the tide rises to the height of only a few feet, four or five; if, however, the coast be rocky and precipitous the effort of the water to yield to the moon's attraction is met by sudden and sharp resistance, consequent? ly it is forced to amazing heights, espe? cially if the coast be deeply indented with narrow bays and inlets. This is notably the case in the Bay of Fundy, where the tide reaches sixty feet.?Cor? respondence Christian Neighbor, ? Gen. Batcheller, of Saratoga Springs, N. Y., has a daughter not 18 years old who chatters musically and fluently in seven languages. She can tell a young man in Arabic that ho is a numbskull and a dude, and he will sim? per and applaud with as much enthusi? asm as though he understood. ? F. A. Sawyer, who was a carpet bag Senator from South Carolina and assist? ant secrelary of the treasury under Grant in 1873-74, is now a $I,/jOO clork in the quartermaster general's office. [URSDAY MORNINC CIGARETTES KILLED III M. Young KnovalH Smoked Sixty or tlinm every Day. New York Sun Coroner Messenger made an autopsy this morning at 62 East Fifty-eighth street on the body of Mr. Russell H. Knev als, the son of Mr. Sherman H. Knevals, who was formerly the law partner of ex President Chester A. Arthur, as it has been rumored that young Knevals had committed suicide, and had been addicted to the opium habit. Dr. Charles N. Leale, ex-United States Army Surgeon, at the request of the family, was present at the autopsy. It was shown by Coroner Messenger's examination that Mr. Knevals had not committed suicide, but that he had long suffered from smoker's heart, brought on by the excessive consumption of ciga? rettes. He had been in the habit of Btnoking about three packages or sixty cigarettes every day. There was also congestion of the brain. His death was due directly to coma. Dr. Lewis A. Sayre, who has treated many patients suffering from tobacco poisoning, was found in his handsome old wainscotted study at 285 Fifth avenue this morning smoking a fragrant Havana cigar. As the blue smoke circled up toward the ceiling the Doctor fell into a reminiscent mood, and going back some twenty-five years in his experience, told how he had once saved a man's life with coffee-.' But before doing this he answer? ed several questions. "Mr. Knevals is said to have smoked three packages of cigarettes a day," began the reporter. "No wonder he died," exclaimed the Doctor; "that is enough to kill any man." "Is it the paper in the cigarettes or the tobacco which does the mischief?" was asked. "Well, I don't thick we give tobacco half the blame it should have. It *h the nicotine which poisons. You see one of these manufactured cigarettes is nothing more than a paper cylinder filled with tobacco. The nicotine cannot percolate through the paper and is all drawn through the tube into the smoker's mouth. With a cigar much of the nicotine has a chance to evaporate through the porous wrapper. But if you were to cover a cigar with paper, or collodion, or varnish, and smoke it the effect would be the same as that of a cigarette." "And it would make a decidedly un? pleasant smoke;" suggested the report? er. "Yes; I wouldn't advise you to try it even as an experiment." "Have you had many patients suffering from over indulgence in cigarettes ?" "Yes, any number of them," said Dr. Sayre, and then he added, with emphasis "but I never had a death." "And are the symptoms the' same as those of poisoning with opium ?" "Yes, very similar. Without a careful diagnosis and a previous knowledge of the patient's habits they are apt to be confounded. The cigarette habit is like the opium habit in another sense, too; once it takes hold of a man he becomes a perfect slave to it. It takes an iron will to shak-c it off. "I remember a curious case which I had just at the close of the war. I was called suddenly one Saturday afternoon to attend Mr. Wisdom of the old firm of Wisdom, Norton & Slaughter, who had a big warehouse down in Broad Street filled from top to.bottom with tobacco. "He never smoked, chewed or used tobacco in any fcrm. When I reached his house he told me that nothing was the matter with him except that he felt very weak and languid. He could not imagine what ailed him, and neither could I. "I examined him thoroughly and could arrive at no conclusion, so I called in Dr. Metcalf and we had a consultation. Dr. Metcalf decided that Mr. Wisdom was going to have typhoid fever, and we put him to bed and did what we could for him. The next day I called to see him again and found him much weaker and more languid. There was a heavy droop to his eyelids which I did not like. "The house wss full of Southern plan? ters, with great, broad Panama bats. Just as I was leaving the house one of them came to me and said : 'Doctor, that's backer.' I at once saw that he was right, and I drove rapidly to Del monico's on Fourteenth street, and got two cups of the strongest coffee that he could make. I gave the coffee to Wis? dom and saved his life. Caffeine, you know, is the antidote to tobacco poison? ing." "And is that the reason that great Bmokers are big coffee drinkers ?" "Perhap eo. They may unconsciously crave the antidote to their poison.". The veteran cigarette dealer at Na*h & Crook's restaurant on Nassau street was asked about cigarettes. He said: "The sale of them is increasing every year. I believe that 25 per cent, more of them are sold now than ever before; but if you have never smoked them don't. I knew a business man who became addict? ed to their use, He said that he would gladly give $1,000 to any one who would enable him to throw offlhe habit of smok? ing them but the drugs with which some of the cigarettes are doctored bad got a firm hold of bis system and he could not let go. Your average cigarette smoker scorns a cigar. I have seen a cigarette smoker upon whom a choice 25 cent cigar had been pressed, and who would not put the cigar to his lips until he had smoked a cigarette. We have cigarettes made of pure tobacco with no paper wrapping, but bless you, they don't >ell like the other. There seems to be some? thing seductive about some cigarettes which a smoker cannot resist when once he bos become used to them." "I attribute the evil effects from ciga? rette smoking to two causes," said a confirmed cigarette smoker to an Evening Sun reporter this morning: "first, the habit of inhaling the smoke ; and second the bad quality of the stuff put into man? ufactured cigarettes. They are dosed with nauseous drugs. They don't smell like tobacco, they arc not tobacco. "Inhailing cigarette smoko is always injurious, no matter what kind of tobacco h AUGUST 25, 1887 used, or bow pure it is. It puts a lining of nicotine on tbe walls of the lungs. The old test of blowing smoke through a handkerchief proves this. Thehandker. chief will be stained dark brown where the smoke has been blown through it. "I began smoking about fifteen years ago. I smoW manufactured cigarettes and inhaled .hem. I kept this up for several years, smoking a large number each day. It caused a functional disar? rangement of tbe heart. I had this forci? bly brought to my attention when I went to a physician to be examined for admis? sion to a life insurance society. He discovered that tbe action of the heart was greatly weakened. Even while I was undergoing the examination the action of the heart became so low that I lost consciousness. "This frightened me, and the physician told me to stop. For a year I didn't smoke a cigarette. Then I recovered, and since then I have been smoking cigarettes of my own rolling. I use the finest of Havana tobacco and the thinnest of rice paper. I gave up inhaling the smoke. The practice now has no ap? preciable effect on my heart or lungs." "Did you ever notice any effect on jour ? lungs caused by smoking?" "None very marked; but I know that the practice of inhaling tbe smoke must hurt the lungs. I don't suppose I now average ten cigarettes a day. "But it is a bad practice anyway. If a man wants to smoke, let him buy him? self a pipe. That will do bim less harm than any other manner of using tobacco." . The veteran pulled out a little bag of fragrant Havana, a" Bheet of rice paper and with'deft fingers rolled himself a dainty cigarette. "Yes," he said, "its poor business any? way," and a smile of heavenly satisfac? tion spread over his countenance as he lit a match and watched the volume of blue smoke roll out of his mouth. A Snake Charmer Fails. Nashville, Tenn., August 14.? Dr. McDonald, claiming to be a snake charmer, from Michigan, tried his magic upon a serpent of the viperous kind at Lawrenceburg on Friday. He offered ten dollars for the largest and most pois? onous snakes. A man went into the wild swamps of Lawrence and captured what looked to be the king of American poisoners. His snakeship was forty-nine inches long, and had eighteen rattles with horny cells full of poison. The snake was turned over to McDon? ald, who took about a pint of alcohol, opened the box and caught the snake just back of the head with his right hand, when he buried his poisonous fangs in the doctor's band between the thumb and forefinger. Quite a crowd had gathered upon tbe scene, who nearly all scampered away. Dr. McDonald dropped the snake, but picked it up again and put tbe head of the reptile in his mouth after coiling it around his neck. The snake was said to be as mad as a hornet, and no sooner than the box lid was knocked off with a hatchet than be leaped out of the box. When the "charming doctor" picked him up some of the bravest of the audience succeeded in killing it after tbe bitten man threw it down. Medical aid was called in. McDonald is said to be in a dangerous condition, the poison eo fatal to mankind having infected his en? tire system. It is said that grave appre? hensions ara entertained of his recovery. He grew deadly sick soon after be was bitten and has been having hemorrhage of the-lungs since. ? The Law Tor Loan Companies. Hon. Emory Spear, presiding in the United States circuit court for the south? ern district of Georgia has rendered a decision in the case of Sherwood vs. Bountree, against the validity of con? tracts of money loans on land made by loan companies. He held that the prac? tice of these companies, of withholding from 15 to 20 per cent, of the amount loaned under the device of commissions for negotiating the loan, was usurious and illegal, and that where tbe money leoder who dealt through loan companies was shown to have carried on a settled business where these exorbitant and extravagant rates in additional to regular interest were charged he was presumed to understand the nature of the contract? the loan companies were making, and in tbe absence of satisfactory proof to rebut tbe presumption he could rpcover only the amount received by the borrower and the legal interest and not commis? sions which are included in the amount stated in the note or mortgage. A ver? dict had been rendered in Georgia upon this basis. The loan company had moved for a new trial. The decision to? day overruled that motion. This is tbe first decision upon this precise question in the United States Courts, and is thought to have an important bearing, particularly in the* South and West, where these contracts are numerous. What Became of the Hero of Fort Snmter, Maj. Anderson, after the surrender of Fort Sumter, was appointed a brigadier general in the regular army, and sent to command the department of Kentucky. Tbe State was then in doubt whether to become Union or non union. Gen. An derson was averse to the action which was liable to irritate its population and found himself constantly between two fires. The unpleasant responsibility of his position and his ill health induced him to turn over the command to Gen? eral Sherman. Anderson never took an active part in the war afterward. In 1870 he went abroad in search of health, but failed to find it. He died October 2G, 1871. _ ? The Edgefied Advertiser saya: "It is said that the lynching case cost the par? ties concerned ten thousand dollars, seven thousand five hundred of which went to the lawyers." - The Rock Hill Herald toys: "Willie Caraway, a young white man, had a diffi? culty with a negro man named Jack Powers in town on Monday afternoon, after the close of the game of ba.se ball, and shot bim with a pistol in the right breast and in the neck, the balls being No. 22 calibre. Caraway was arrested but gave bail. Powers has only two slight flesh wounds." Auut Amanda's Heroism, News of what, but for timely interven? tion, might have been an accident similar to the terrible wreck at Chatsworth, 111., on Thursday morning, was brought to the city yesterday morning by some travel? lers. A t about the same hour the dread? ful calamity occurred at Chatsworth Amanda Barker, an aged negress, was walking along the track of the Cincin? nati, Hamilton and Indianapolis Boad, near Glenwood, Ind., on her way to a farmhouse, where she was to-work during the day. She had just passed the small station at Glenwood, which is a lonely, dismal spot between Indianapolis and Connersville, frequented only occasion? ally by the farmers living around, when, on turning a sharp curve in the road, she was horrified to see some distance ahead the smoulding remains of what had a short while before been a stout, substan? tial bridge connecting embankments 650 feet apart, and spanning a chasm 95 feet deep. The old negress could not collect her? self for several moments, but it suddenly dawned upon her that a train generally passed that point some time in the early morning. She had no idea what time it was or when the train was due, but she knew that it was a fast one and never stopped at Glenwood, She turned her steps backward, intending to flag the train at the station, but had gone scarcely a hundred yards when she beard the shrill scream of the whistle, as she thought, directly ahead of her. It was the East bound lightning express, due at Glenwood at 5:45 o'clock. She tried as hard as she could to get around the bend which obstructed the train from view, all the time tearing and tugging away at an old brown apron she wore, which she wanted to use as a signal flag. Stumb? ling and falling, she was kept back con? siderably, but she finally broke tho apron strings, which never seemed so tightly tied before, and, almost dropping to the earth with sheer exhaustion, she rounded the bend and saw the train thundering down upon her, only a few hundred feet ahead. The burning bridge was about the same distance behind her, and she knew that to let the train pass meant certain death to many of the souls on board. Raising the improvised flag high above her head, she forgot her exhaustion and waved it frantically, standing in the centre of the track, where her presence could not go unnoticed. For a while it seemed to her that no one saw her, but she kept her position, determined to stop the train or die on the track. At last the engineer saw her and re? versed his engine, bringing it to a stand? still a few yards in front of the old woman. Leaning out of the cab win? dow, and thinking the negress drunk or crazy, he called out: ?' "Well, well, what is it?" "For God's sake, mister," she an? swered, "don't go any further. The bridge is burned down and it is right in front of you; indeed it is." The trainmen had by this time been attracted by the stoppage at this out of the way place to the front of the train, and from the sincerity of the old woman, believed her story. A number of them followed her around the bend and there verified the truth of her statements. A large purse was made up for their bene? factress, but she positively refused to take any money. When one of the ladies noticed the apron she still carried in her band and how it was torn and ruined, she produced from her satchel in the car a lawn wrapper and begged the old negress, who was a model of neatness, to wear it. She accepted the dress, and when the passengers saw she would take this kind of a gilt garments of all kinds, sizes and shapes were showered upon her by the grateful passengers, and she seemed more pleased than if she bad been the first lady in the laud.?Louis? ville Courier-Journal. imagination. Hero is a story which is often told to show the power of the imagination. A murderer was condemned to die, and some physicians obtained permission to try an experiment upon him. They told the prisoner that his execution was to be private instead of public, and that death would bo painless. They took him blind? folded into a roum and laid him on a table that bad little faucets of water at the corners. He thought he was to be bled to death. He beard the doctors, who talked as if they were bleeding him, and when they turned on the water he thought it was the blood dropping, and actually died without having lost a drop of blood, simply because he imagined he was dying. Another story which shows how the imagination can make a well person sick is told of a certain Dr. Buckland. He gave a dinner one day after he bad been dissecting a Mississippi aligator, and in? vited many distinguished people to dine with him. The table was elegantly set, and the meal commenced with excellent soup. "How do you like the soup?" asked the doctor of one of his guests. "Very good, indeed," answered the gentleman ; "turtle, is it not?" The doctor shook his head. "I think it has somewhat of a musky taste," said another, "not unpleasant, but peculiar." "All alligators have," replied the host, "the cayman peculiarly so. The fellow whom I dissented this morning?" Before he could say anything more many of the dinners turned pale and rushed out of the room. "See what imagination is," said Dr. Buckland to those who remained. "If I had told them it was turtle or terrapin or birds'-nest soup, they would have pro? nounced ft excellent, and their digestion been none the worse." "But was it really alligator ?" asked a lady. "The soup was made from as good a calf s bead as ever wore a coronet," re? plied the doctor. These people lost a good dinuer from yielding to tho effects of imagination. But many lose years of happiness and helpfulness by imagining themselves sick and lying in bed, when a littteeflbrt of the will would make them well' and show that it was not their bodies but their imaginations that were diseased. VOLUM Array up In a Balloon. The New York Herald Brussels Corres? pondent telegraphs the following: "The French balloon Horla, which started this morning from Paris, after rising to an altir.ude of 7,000 metres, descended near Eaconfoy-Tenneville, in the Belgian Luxembourg, not many miles from the still burning Herzogen? wald forests. At half-past 11 the balloon touched ground at the Sainte-Ode Castle, belonging to M. Frere Orban, the leader of the Belgian Liberal party, and late Prime Minister. Capt. Jovis and M. Mallet say they made interesting scien? tific observations during the voyage. "M. Mallet twice became partially suffocated and fell into a syncope. He had to be revived by strong cordials. His hands and feet became black, and he says his head felt like a drum with a drummer boy beating upon it. "Capt. Jovis says that at one time he hoped to reach an altitude of 8,000 metres but want of ballast prevented his getting higher tban 7,000 metres. All the in? struments are self recording and are sealed up, so that no scientific details are obtainable until they are unsealed when they reach Paris." This is an extraordinary altitude to reach, and will compare not very unfav? orably with the highest levels ever reached by aeronauts. On September 5, 1862, Messrs. Glaisher and coxwell made their famous ascent from Wol verb amp ton, England, in which the greatest height known to have been ever attained by man was accomplished. The maximum elevation was not exactly observed, be? cause the aeronauts were insensible. But when the last observation was taken the balloon was 29,000 feet above the sea and was then ascending at the rate of 1,000 feet per minute. Thirteen minutes later, when Mr. Glaisher was able to re-, sume observations, the balloon was de? scending very rapidly. But the most probable inference is that it attained the height of 37,000 feet, or seven miles. The balloon ascension most memorable for the height reached since Mr. Glaish er's is that of M. Sivel in the balloon Zenith, on April 15, 1875, a voyage undertaken in France with a special ob? ject, to determine the amount of carbonic acid gas contained in the atmosphere at an altitude of twenty-four thousand feet. M. Gaston Tissandier and M. Groce Spinelli took passage in the Zenith. At the height of twenty-two thousand feet M. Tissandier fainted, but on reviving an hour later, just in time to save his life, as the aerostat was descending at a terrific rate, he found his two companions dead, with their faces turned black and the blood flowing from their mouths and noses. The altitude reached, as indicated by the self-registering barometer during the insensibility of the voyagers, was about eight miles. The Mormons Seeking New Fields. A colony of Mormons, about 100 in number, from Salt Lake City, are making application to the Dominion government for homestead lands in the vicinity of Medicine Hut, Northwest Territory, with a view of forming a settlement of the "faithful." The matter is now ander consideration as to whether it is practi? cable to encourage immigration- of that class of people. The Minister of Justice strongly opposes the introduction into the country of such a sect. Referring to the matter, the News sajs: "The expe? rience of the American government in dealing with the people of Utah ought to make our government extremely cautious about insisting on the observance of our laws at the outset as the only condition on which their presence will be tolerated. If they once obtain local ascendancy and are able to manage things their own way, it will be a matter of great difficulty to assert the supremacy of the law." Dead Indians' Debts. "The debts of dead Indians are paid by their relatives," said an ex-merchant on Main street the other day. "When Anderson and Barnbart,'' be continued, '-killed the Indian several years ago, he owed me $345. Since that time $330 of this amount has been paid me by his rel? atives. Kentucky died the other day owing me about $50. Already bis rela? tives have approached me on the subject and made arrangements to pay the amount. It is a law with them to pay the debts of their dead relatives and they never break it. I am sure of getting my money If an Indian dies owing me, but when a white man dies leaving no prop? erty, no matter how rich his relatives, I never expect to get a cent. There is a great deal of good about a dead Indian anyhow," said the ex-merchant, as he closed his interesting conversation and walked away.?East Oregonian. Paid For His Dinner. Lovers of dogs will be interested in the following true story: A lady was visiting friends at the seaside where there was a fine dog whose master was in the habit' of giving bim money every day to bny meat for dinner from the butcher's cart The lady admiring the handsome, intelli? gent animal, called him to her as she sat at breakfast, and fed bim from her plate. The dog at once went to his master, and, standing on his hind legs, pawed and scratched at the gentleman's breast? pocket. At first the master failed to understaod, and ordered him away; but, the creature persisting, he finally said. "Well, I do believe he wants his money," and offered him a coin, which the dog instantly took, and troltiDg up to the friendly visitor, deposited it in her lap, with a wag of his tail and a look which seemed to say, "I always pay the butcher, and why not you ?" ? In thirteen States women vote on the school question, and are allowed to be school trustees and superintendents. Kansas and Nebraska were the States making the initial movement toward this end. ? Jefferson Davis and Thomas L Clingman, of North Carolina, are the only Ex Senators now living of all the Southern members of that body who, in July, 1861, were expelled from the United States Senate for having left their scats and gone over to the Confederacy. E XXIII.?NO. 7. Photographed by Lightning. Hillsdale, Mich., August 14.?A curious electric phenomenon is reported from Fayette township, Hillsdale county. Thursday evening a lively thunder shower passed over that regfon, during which the play of lightning was pecul? iarly frequent and vivid. Just before the storm broke Amos J. Biggs, a farmer living midway between Hillsdale and Jonesville, who is quite bald, his head being smooth and shiny, went into bis back yard to frighten away some cats that were fighting on th*e woodpile. So intent were they on exterminating one another as to allow Farmer Biggs to approach within a few feet of them. At the same instant there was a great crash, and an electric bolt struck the woodpile, scattering it and stiffening the cats in an intense rigor mortis. Aside from a prickly sensation and sudden contraction of the muscles, Mr. Biggs experienced no unpleasant effects. The fluid passed down bis body, tore the works of hit watch to pieces, breaking the cover, rip? ped h is left trouser leg from top to bot? tom, and bufst bis left boot, tearing the upfser cieai from the sole. When he entered the house his wife fainted. Unconscious of the cause, the farmer hastened to bring her tor The first words she uttered, "0, Amos, the devil has set his mark on you/' excited his curiosity, and he looked in the glass and found the image of a- black cat photo? graphed in eilhouet on his bald front; The picture was perfect. It was about five inches from tip to tip and in perfect proportion. The cat's "whiskers," teethj and even the hairs on its tail were repro? duced with exquisite minuteness. UifP osity being satisfied,- they tried to remove the obnoxious marking, using such homely remedies aa soapsuds and scour ing-brick, vinegar and ashes, etc., but to no purpose. However, in the morning the picture was much faded, and by noon it had quite disappeared. Girls, be Cautious. Girls, beware of transient young meri,] Never suffer the address of strange Recollect one good steady farmer's I or industrious mechanic is worth more than all the floating trash in the world. The allurements of a dandy Jack, with a gold about his neck, a walking stick in his paw, and a brainless though fancy skull, can never make up the loss/of ;i kind father's home, a mother*, counsel and the society of brothers and Bisters, These affections last, while that - of such a man is lost; at the want of the honey? moon. Girls beware 1 Take heed jeslrye fall into the "snare of the fowler." To( many have been already taken from kind father's home and a good mother** counsel, and made the victim of povertj and shame and disgrace, and then t'arowi upon their own resources, to spend the! remainining days in grief and sorrow while the brainless in making its circutt around the world, bringing'to its ignobhf with all that may be allured by his del ceitful shares, and many & faitone to tbji shame of his artful villiany. Sam Jones oh Tattlers. ' %m ? :'--f Bound Lj.ke, N. Y., August 15.~ As the Bev. Sam Jones's meetings pro ceed the interest is notably increasing His characteristic hits to day were aimw .particularly &t so called church mem bers. Some of these, he said, were goody goody, and yet good for nothing. Som( would make first class card players, gew stock jobbers, and fine jockeys, but wefl not fit for the church. Tattlers or back biters would keep heaven in a row ball the time, but they would all go to belli If there were no fire there tattlers alona would make it unendurable. Three Preachers Killed by a Train* Newnan, Ga., August- 11.?Bevj Wm. Up8haw, Green George, Er Col well and Daniel Israel, colt preachers of Pike County, hired a try wagon drawn by two mulee^ which to drive here to-day, where thj African Methodist Episcopal Confe was in session. About half a mile of town the country road and the rail track intersect, and here the mules tpoj fright and ran on the railroad josjfe train came along. The preac jumped from the wagon, but were a^ killed except Bev. Mr. Upabaw, who' injured so badly that he is expe die._ ? The amount annually expended fc benevolent purposes in New York i estimated at about $7,500,000. There ai 320 charitable societies and institution ? Some one threw a head of cabbatj at Ignatius Donnelly while he was mal ing a speech once. He paused a eecon and said : "Gentlemen, I only asked fi your ears: I don't care for your heads] He was not bothered any more darfaj the remainder of bis speech. ? Mr. James D. Tennisou, of Johnsfl County, Kansas, more than ten years ef accepted his wife's written promise^ she would never try to poison him ; and contined to livo with her as The promise in question was discdvei among Mr. Tennison's effects, a feW3 ago, after the lady bad broken it.ttK fully. ? One of the regrets of the Israelit; when they "in their hearts ag back to Egypt," was for the onions} they used to eat jn their land of hoi It is to be noted that Egypt is again ! coming a land of onion culture, quantities are yearly shipped to Euro]] from Alexandria and other ports. A; years ago the trade hardly existed, in two months of last year alone 14,(3 tons were shipped to Liverpool. ? Carelessness takes the lead in ing fires. Out of 706 fires, which; recorded in the.last quarterly rep the New York fire department, put down as the result of carele Smokers were responsible for 59i works for 19. It looks as though: smokers were as much in need of J tion as the dealers in fireworks. ? Three colored preachers, George and Colwell, while riding^ wagon, were run over and IdUed.X West Point, Ga,, train. A fourth/:| Bev. Mr. Upahaw, was seriously' ?fonjjj ed.